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WELCOME
Module for the Topic: Energy Efficient Lighting System
• Eligibility: Those who have got the Upgradation to from
E2 to E3.
• This presentation is last updated on 15-3-2011.
• You can also visit the Digital library of BSNL to see this
topic.
AGENDA
efficient lighting system
DESIGN PHILOSOPHY AND CONCEPTS
realise the end objectives of
– Cost effectiveness – life cycle cost
– Energy Conservation
– Flexible switching lighting system.
and
Concepts in Lighting
2. Right light at Right place
3. Energy efficient light source
4. Luminaires with glare free, uniform and optimum light
distribution
7. Life cycle cost
Concept 1: Interior decor and scientific lighting
design
per modern trends, international practices and standards
to provide a stimulating and motivating environment to
occupants and visitors.
performing various tasks efficiently with visual comfort
and visual satisfaction.
Contd.
cabins, Conference Hall, Workstations, Entrance Lobby,
corridors differently, so as to achieve aesthetic
appearance and lighting impact. Decorative plants and
wall paintings shall be exclusively lit with spotlights/ wall
washers.
For internal circulation of BSNL only
• Walls and the ceilings are to be treated and finished in
light colours, preferably off-white, whereas the floor,
working tables are proposed to be finished in light brown
colours.
Contd.
• For these finishes, we can consider 70% reflections from
walls and ceilings and about 30% from the floor.
• In the design for worst-case, reflections from ceiling,
walls and working surface are taken as 50%, 30% and
10% respectively, to take care of the changes in surface
finishes by the Architect/ Occupants at the finishing
stage or even at some later date.
• For lumen depreciation and luminaire surface
depreciation, a maintenance factor of 0.8 is considered.
Interior decor and scientific lighting design-
Contd.
Concept 2: Right light at Right place
Area ISI-3646
Passage, Staircase, Toilet, Lobbies 50-100-150 100
Concept 3: Energy efficient light source
• Energy efficiency (i.e lumens/watt) of 28 W T5 lamp is
104, 36W T8 is 68, 36W high-lumen T8+ is 90, 36W CFL
is 80 and that of 40W T12 is 64.
• T-5 lamp is the most energy efficient light source and
also has maximum life. Further, the light distribution of
T5 lamp as compared with other light sources is better
and uniform.
comparable.
Energy efficient light source- Contd.
• Compact fluorescent lamps are available in various
ratings and their luminaires are also available in various
shapes.
used.
Concept 4: Luminaires with glare free, uniform and
optimum light distribution
basis with large population of Personnel Computers.
• Lluminaires to be conforming to stringent CAT – 2
Guidelines, to create a visual stress-free and glare-free
ambience for working with Video Display Units (VDUs).
• For VDUs, the high luminance of light source has to be
eliminated by positioning them beneath the parabolic
cross louver reflectors.
• For the cabins of Board of Directors, Senior Officers,
Conference Halls and Committee Rooms, the light on
the working table, shall be with CAT-2 Mirror optic
luminaires with 2 x 28watts T5 Lamps and on the
periphery with 2 x 13watt / 2 x 18watt CFL down lighters
to give lighting impact and aesthetic appearance with
various designs and geometric shapes.
Luminaires with glare free, uniform and
optimum light distribution- Contd.
• In order to avoid glare, the CFL down lighters shall also
have inbuilt parabolic cross louvers. The walkways, lift
lobby, stairways, corridors and toilets shall be illuminated
by means of compact fluorescent down lighters to
provide aesthetic lighting impact.
Distribution and Lift Machine rooms shall be provided
with sleek Box type fitting with T5 lamps.
Luminaires with glare free, uniform and
optimum light distribution- Contd.
Concept 5: Low loss accessories
• High Frequency Electronic Ballasts are ideal for
increasing system efficiency with T5, as power loss with
these Ballasts is only around 2 watts, when compared
with at least 9 watts of best quality copper Ballasts.
• As these Ballasts operate above 20KHZ; there is no
tiring effect on workers due to absence of stroboscopic
effect. The electronic Ballast further gives instant and
soft start. The power factor is more than 0.95.
Low loss accessories- Contd.
voltage fluctuations. Though the initial investment on
these Ballasts is high, yet they pay back as they are
most energy efficient.
• Care to be taken to provide only quality products, which
can avoid electromagnetic interference and give a short
pay back period with guaranteed life.
Concept 6: Flexible switching lighting
• Proper Switching ‘OFF and ON’ of lighting system,
based on day light, occupancy, week days or holidays is
the key in optimising energy demand of the lighting
system without causing any occupant dissatisfaction.
Flexible switching lighting- Contd.
daylight only from the windows fixed at one of the
outer walls in the working area.
– In order to get the advantage of natural day light at
lower expense, it is proposed to provide simple
control through separate lighting circuits in the areas
adjacent to the windows so that these lighting circuits
can be connected with dimmers and natural light
sensors so as to switch ‘OFF and ON’ these circuits
or dim the lighting level, as per available natural light.
close to the windows are dimmed down and after a
delayed period, they are switched off.
– As the daylight entering the room falls, the artificial
lighting is increased, thus, day light dimming involves
continuous variation of electrical lighting to maintain a
constant target level of illumination.
• Lighting system in a typical floor shall be divided into
various areas/ zones.
• Lighting fixtures shall be wired so that they can be
switched ‘OFF and ON’ through Intelligent Building
Management System command in stages of 25%, 50%,
75% or 100%.
• Each zone shall also be provided with one switch which
can be switched ‘OFF and ON’, by the occupants
manually. The corridoors, service areas, the working
area, Executive cabins, Conference Rooms, Meeting
Rooms shall be in different Zones so that they can be
separately switched ‘OFF and ON’.
• The switch ‘OFF and ON’ the lights in a programmed
manner, should be scheduled, based on the occupancy,
daytime and holidays. The IBMS control with
programmed Switching ‘OFF and ON’ of lighting system
definitely results into energy saving.
when the space is occupied but there is little activity.
The occupancy sensors are basically motion detectors
and their settings have to be carefully done so as to
avoid occupant dissatisfaction .The occupancy sensors,
thus, minimize the energy wastage in unoccupied areas.
Concept 7: Life cycle cost
Concept 7: Life cycle cost
• The life cycle cost for 500 lux level at typical floor of a
Building with different alternatives is given at Table –2 in
Handout.
Concept 8: Energy intensity
alternatives is given at Table-3 in Handout
Concept 9: Ease of maintenance & fire safety
– Wiring with Fire Retardant Low Smoke (FRLS) wires
and should be run in steel conduits fixed on suitable
MS trays above the false ceiling.
– The luminaires to be supported / fixed on these cable
trays. The use of electronic Ballasts will reduce the
fire risk. Further the life of these Ballasts is also very
high as compared to copper Ballasts and thus
maintenance efforts shall be reduced.
– Similarly less maintenance efforts shall be required
for replacement of CFL & T-5 lamps as they have
much longer life as compared to T-8 or T-12 lamps.
Ease of maintenance & fire safety- Contd.
– The Electronic Ballasts also provide electrical safety
as it has internal separation transformer.
– When the amount of energy supply is limited, we
would like to see and feel the same emotions, warmth
and colour variations inside the building as what is
given by the nature to the outside.
– The energy efficiency of the scheme is much higher
as electrical intensity for the main office areas is only
2 Watt per sqmt per 100 lux. There will be further
energy saving on account of scheduling based on
natural daylight, occupancy, holidays and zoning.