E80 – The Impossible ClassIntro & Flight Basics
Engineering 80 S 2015Erik Spjut
2
Important Dates
• 22 JAN 2015 – Labs Begin (Section 4)• 30 JAN 2015 – 1st LabVIEW Assignment Due• 12 MAR 2015 – Final Project Begins• 18 APR 2015 – Final Project Launch 1• 25 APR 2015 – Final Project Launch 2• 4 MAY 2015 – Final Presentation, Final Project
Due
3
Course Objectives
By the end of the course students will:1. Demonstrate hardware and equipment skills2. Demonstrate experimental and analytical skills3. Demonstrate the beginnings of professional
practice
4
Course Structure• Informational Lectures
– T Th from today through 26 FEB + 2• Pre-lab
– Modeling and Data Manipulation Prep– VIs & Code, Equipment Manuals, Ask Professors
• 6-hour Lab Sessions• LabVIEW assignments• Tech Memo• Final Project
– Launches– Final Report– Final Presentation
5
The E80 Website
• Fount of almost all knowledge (sort of like Wikipedia but harder to search)
• Sakai used for submission of LabVIEW assignments and labs, but almost nothing else
http://www.eng.hmc.edu/NewE80/index.html
6
What is the HMC Value Added?
7
What is the HMC Value Added?
8
HMC Engineering Value Added
• Technical Excellence• Grasps essence of problem quickly• Self educates quickly to needed expertise• Not stuck in narrow expertise• Delivers top-notch results quickly• Communicates needs and solutions
professionally
9
• <http://youtu.be/oRBchZLkQR0>
10
When could you bestuck on the escalator?
• Unfamiliar equation in lecture• Unfamiliar term in data sheet• Not enough detail in lab instructions• Didn’t quite get E59 and you’re expected to
use it, e.g., impedance• Staring at a LabVIEW VI• Expected to do an error analysis
11
E80 Expectations
• Professional Practice– Be prepared (do pre-lab).– Don’t expect to be hand fed.– Ask for help when you’re not making progress.– Budget your time, e.g., Section 3 completed by
8:30 PM.– Make efficient use of your team.
12
Experimental Engineering
• Determine Experimental Objectives.• Model experiment to determine expected
ranges of measured variables, and useful range of specified parameters.
• Use model to develop error models.• Perform initial experiments and compare
results with expectations and error estimates.• Adjust input parameters to account for lessons
learned.
13
Experimental Engineering (cont.)
• Perform remaining experiments.• Plot experimental results with error bars on
same graph with modeled results.• Quantitatively explain similarities and
differences.• Quantitatively determine degree of attainment
of Experimental Objectives.• Make quantitative recommendations for future
work.
14
Pre-Lab
• Read through the entire lab• Create outline of lab report
– Determine relative importance of different sections
– Allocate time to different sections, e.g., if Section 1 is worth 10%, allocate 10% of 6 hours = 36 minutes. Plan to have it done by 7:06 PM.
• Allocate prep for different sections to team members
15
Pre-Lab (cont.)
• Determine which lecture(s) apply to this specific lab.
• Use lecture material to start writing report.• Open and learn software and/or VIs that are
specific to this lab.• Set up models or spreadsheets for processing
data.• Test process example or synthetic data.
16
Pre-Lab (cont.)
• Use model and/or other info to determine input parameter ranges and output variable ranges.
• Read manuals for any unfamiliar equipment.• Prepare list of questions for proctors and/or
professors. Visit prof’s as needed.• Develop process router, task assignment for
lab.
17
Example Connections
Temperature Lab
Temperature Lecture
(Principal)
Basic Electrical Lecture
Op Amps Lecture
Data Fitting Lecture
LabVIEW Lecture
18
Pre- & Intra-Lab Don’ts
• You may NOT collect data (for you experiment).• You may NOT manipulate or test hardware (except
for your personally-owned myDAQ).• You may NOT populate a protoboard.• You may NOT use the laboratory equipment
outside of lab. • You may NOT process data collected during the
lab.• When in doubt, ask.
19
The E80 Website
• Fount of almost all knowledge (sort of like Wikipedia but harder to search)
http://www.eng.hmc.edu/NewE80/index.html
20
Rocketry Basics
• Modeling and Measurement of Rocket Performance
• FAA• Rocketry Certification
21
Forces on a Rocket
http://exploration.grc.nasa.gov/education/rocket/bgmr.htmlhttp://exploration.grc.nasa.gov/education/rocket/bgmr.html
22
Modeling and Measurement of Rocket Performance
• Full Full Model
23
Modeling and Measurement of Rocket Performance
• Full Model
• Rocksim
24
Altimeter Data Analysis
25
Numerical Derivatives
• For a set of points taken at times• Forward Difference
• Backward Difference
26
Noise Reduction
• Lowpass filter signal, derivative, or both• Fit a smooth analytical function, e.g., cubic
spline– Take analytical derivative
27
Inclinometer or Theodolite
http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/File:Theodolite_vermeer.png
28
Inclinometer
http://www.apogeerockets.com/education/downloads/newsletter92.pdf
29
Three Theodolites
30
Lines in 3 Space
• Rarely intersect• Use points of closest approach• Details of calculation and VI to do calculation
are on website
31
FAA Regulations• Class 1 - a model rocket that uses no more than 125 grams (4.4 ounces) of
propellant; uses a slow-burning propellant; is made of paper, wood, or breakable plastic; contains no substantial metal parts; and weighs no more than 1,500 grams (53 ounces) including the propellant – Requires permission of the Fire Department and the property owner.
• Class 2 – a high power rocket, other than a model rocket, that is propelled by a motor or motors having a combined total impulse of 40,960 Newton-seconds (9,208 pound-seconds) or less – Requires permission of FAA, Fire Department, and property owner. Operator must also be TRA or NAR certified.
• Class 3 – an advanced high power rocket, other than a model rocket or high-power rocket – Has lots of regulatory restrictions.
• Rockets flown in California require either State Fire Marshall certified motors or a bunch of permits.
32
NAR or Tripoli Certification
• Level 1– Can fly H and I impulse motors
• Level 2– Can fly J, K, and L impulse motors
• Level 3– Can fly M and above
33
11 APR 2015 ROC Launch
• 1 week before our first launch• One team member can certify Level 1 .
– Have to construct the Final Project rocket yourself.– Have to prep and load the motor yourself.– NAR best for general rocketeers– Tripoli best for BIG rockets
• Can test out rocket if desired.