Earthquakes and Tectonics
Vocab WavesBoundaries
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The point on Earth’s surface directly above the earthquakes focus
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Epicenter
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Energy released in the form of vibrations that travel outward in all directions
from the focus through the surrounding rock
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Seismic Waves
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A primary wave, or compression wave, that causes rock to move in a back and forth motion
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P Waves
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A giant ocean wave that forms after an earthquake
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Tsunami
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A region of numerous, closely spaced faults
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Fault Zone
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A secondary body wave that causes rock to move in a side to side motion
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S wave
The location within Earth along a fault at which the
first motion of an earthquake occurs
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Focus
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This type of surface wave moves side to
side and perpendicular to the direction the waves are traveling
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Love wave
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This type of surface wave causes the ground to
move with an elliptical, rolling motion
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Raleigh Wave
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The primary, compression wave that moves through solids and liquids
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P waves
Boundary between two plates that are colliding,
creating a mountain range
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Convergent
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Boundary where two plates are dividing,
creating a mid-ocean ridge
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Divergent
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What is created when two oceanic plates collide?
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An Island Arc
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The boundary between tectonic plates that are sliding past each other
horizontally
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Transform Boundary
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What type of boundary commonly causes
earthquakes?
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Transform Boundary
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What is the sudden return of elastically deformed rock
to its undeformed shape, causing an earthquake?
Elastic Rebound
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What can studying seismic waves tell
scientists?
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What the layers of the Earth are made of, and where the shadow zones are
located
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What is can be created when an
earthquakes epicenter is on the ocean floor?
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Tsunami
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What is the strength of an earthquake?
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Magnitude
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What do we call the amount of damage an earthquake does?
Intensity
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What are the two body waves we have learned
about?
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Primary and Secondary waves ( P and S waves)
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What instrument creates a Seismogram?
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Seismograph
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What are the two types of surface waves we learned
about?
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Love and Raleigh Waves
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True or False: The closer a city is to an epicenter, the more likely it is to have
substantial damage
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True
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What are the two scales that measure magnitude?
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Richter scale and moment magnitude
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