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EASTASIANARTS
(CHINA,JAPAN,KOREA)
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MAP OF EAST ASIA
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Art forms of China, Korea, and
Japan share many cultural,philosophical, and religious
associations.Over the course of centuries, artist
East Asian countries often depictedsimilar subject matter and employe
INFLUENCES
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Many artistic and technologic
advances first realized theresuch as bronze and porcelaiproduction, later spread toKorea and Japan, where artialtered the manufacturing
processes to achieve new
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Buddhism was a leading force inshaping art during certain phase
of East Asian history.
As Chinese priests from differen
Buddhist movements spread theteachings to Korea and Japan, t
also disseminated Chinese artisand cultural traditions.
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EAST ASIAN ART INCLUDES:
Architecture
Carving Pottery/Ceramics
Weaving
PhysicalOrnaments
Textile Design
Tattoo Traditional Events
Motifs
Theatre designReligious art form
Calligraphy
Landscapepainting
Lacquer works
Paper art works
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ARCHITECTUR
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(Latinarchitectura, from the Gre
arkhitekton, from- "chief" and "buildecarpenter, mason") is both the
process and product of plannindesigning and construction.
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The art and science of design anderecting buildings and other physic
structures.The design and construction of a
building, or group of buildings and space within the site surrounding t
buildings, that have as their princip
purpose human occupancy or use
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Chinese architecture emphasizes on
articulation and bilateral symmetry, whichsignifies balance.
Bilateral symmetry and the articulation of
buildings are found everywhere in Chinesearchitecture, from palace complexes to humfarmhouses.
Secondary elements are positioned either sof main structures as two wings to maintain
CHINA
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Another characteristic of Chinese architectuits use of a wooden structural frame with piand beams, and earthen walls surrounding
building on three sides.
The main door and windows are in front.Chinese have used wood as a main
construction material for thousands of yearwood to the Chinese represents life, and "lithe main thing Chinese culture in its various
forms endeavours to communicate.
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A siheyuan (Chinese:; pinyin: shyis a historical type of residence that wascommonly found throughout China, most
famously in Beijing.
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In English, siheyuan is
known as Chinesequadrangles.
The name literally means
courtyard surrounded byfour buildin s.
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Throughout Chinese
history, the siheyuancomposition was the basi
pattern used for residencepalaces, temples,
monasteries, family,businesses and overnme
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In ancient times, a spacioussiheyuan would be occupied by
single, usually large and extendfamily, signifying wealth and
prosperity.Today, many remaining siheyua
are still used as housing
complexes, but many lack mod
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Siheyuan in Beijing
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JAPAN
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Austere construction methods, lightwematerials and porous boundaries betw
inside and outside are all hallmarks oftraditional Japanese architecture.
Japan temples and shrines usuallystressed the horizontal and were oftenrelatively small and hidden by trees an
other natural objects.
JAPAN
A traditional
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A traditionalJapanese interiorfeatures a multitude
of partially-screened,geometrically-arranged rooms with
sliding doors that canbe opened to createlarge spaces or
closed to createprivate rooms.
A t diti l J
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A traditional Japanesehouse today is made ofwood and has tatamimatfloors (floor coverings
made of two-inch thickpressed straw, coveredpanels of tightly wovenreeds), sliding shojidoors, wooden walls,
lacquer doors, clay walls,coffered ceiling, slidingdoors, a tile roof, lath-and-plaster walls, woodor metal rain shudders,and tokonama(displayalcoves).
The most expressive
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The most expressiveelement of Japanesearchitecture is the
roof, which tends tohang over the buildinglike a shaggy wig and
stress its smallnessand horizontal plane.
KOREA
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Korean traditional architecture is
characterized by its harmony with natu It has developed through the assimila
of various cultural elements learned frforeign countries, or better learned fro
their human brethren.
KOREA
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Hanok is a term todescribe Korean
traditional houses.Korean architecture
lends consideration
to the positioning ofthe house in relation
to its surroundings,
with thought given tothe land and
The interior structure of the house is also
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The interior structure of the house is alsoplanned accordingly. This principle is alsocalled Baesanimsu(), which meanthe ideal house is built with a mountain in thback and a river in the front, with the ondolheated rock system for heating during cold
winters and a wide daecheong() frontporch for keeping the house cool during hosummers.
A hanokconsists of the floor space and the room are
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pRooms have ondolor a heating system.
Ondolis the heating the floor of a room from undernewith firewood, etc.
The ondolfloor is used to heat the room in winter, anavoid moisture and heat in summer. Hanokare made using only natural materials, such a
earth, stone, and wood.
RELIGIOUS ARCHITECTURE
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RELIGIOUS ARCHITECTURE
A pagoda is the general term in the English
language for a tiered tower with multiple eacommon in India, China, Japan, Korea,Vietnam, Nepal and other parts of Asia.
Some pagodas are used as Taoist houses oworship.
Most pagodas were built to have a religiousfunction, most commonly Buddhist, and weoften located in or near temples.
P d tt t li ht i t ik b
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Pagodas attract lightning strikes becauof their height.
This tendency may have played a roletheir perception as spiritually charged
places.
Many pagodas have a decorated finialthe top of the structure. The finial isdesigned in such a way as to havesymbolic meaning within Buddhism; fo
The finial also functions as a lightning rod
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The finial also functions as a lightning rod, thus helps to both attract lightning and protthe pagoda from lightning damage.
Early pagodas were constructed out of woobut steadily progressed to sturdier materialwhich helped protect against fires and rot.
Pagodas traditionally have an odd number levels, a notable exception being the eightecentury pagoda "folly" designed by Sir Willi
Chambers at Kew Gardens in London.
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Wooden five-storypagoda of Hry-ji in
Japan, built in the 7thcentury, one of the oldestwooden buildings in the
The Iron Pagoda of
Kaifeng, China, built in1049 AD
Nine story pagodHwangryongsa in
built in 645 A
DOLMENS
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DOLMENS
A dolmenalso known as a portal tomb, pograve, dolmain (Irish), cromlech (Welsh), an
(Portuguese and Galician),Hnengrab/Hnenbett (German), Adamra(Abkhazian), Ispun (Circassian), Hunebed(Dutch), ds (Swedish), goindol (Korean) or
quoitis a type of single-chamber megalithictomb, usually consisting of three or more uprigstones supporting a large flat horizontal capst(table).
Dolmens were usually covered with earth orsmaller stones to form a barrow, though in macases that covering has weathered away, leav
The Dolmens were generally used as tomb
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The Dolmens were generally used as tombalso used to symbolize communal tombs oaltar for religious service.
They are called "Goindol" in Korea, "dorumin Japan and Seobung in China and in otplaces they are called dolmen or megalith.
The word 'Dol-men' originates from two Brwords meaning 'Stone - table'.
Known as a dolmen
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Known as a dolmenor goindol as it iscalled in Korean, it is akind of single-chambermegalithic tomb,usually consisting of
three or more uprightstones in the groundthat support a large
flat horizontal stone,which serves as a
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Dolmen in Chou-chou Che,
Northeast China
Burial Chamber (Dolmen) in Kysh
A huge flat stone which is believed tobe the cap stone of a dolmen is rollingby the roadside in a bamboo bush.
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JADE CARVING
JADE CARVING
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JADE CARVING
Carving jade has been known to have
occurred in China as far back as the newstone age. Because of it's hardness, it waused to make weapons, tool, blades, and
other utensils. The Chinese and Japanese used jade
carvings for religious and mystic purposes
Round disks and tubes have been excavafrom tombs dating back thousands of yea
The art of jade carving and polishing was
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e a t o jade ca g a d po s g asalready well developed some 3,000 yearsin the Zhou and Shang dynasties.
With its bright and pure luster, jade hasalways been considered by the Chinese toa treasure of tremendous value.
The Chinese have always had a high degof interest in jade carving that is still practtoday. Their carvings are intricate and weldesigned, displaying a high degree ofworkmanship.
The Chinese used jadef t l b t l f
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for tools, but also forcarved insignias andtalismans probably
related to ceremonialritual.
Jade was prized by theChinese for its durability,
its musical qualities, itssubtle, translucent colors,and its alleged protectivepowers - it was thought to
prevent fatigue and delaythe decomposition of the
Jadechalice, Ming Dyna(1368-1644).
JAPAN JADE
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JAPAN JADE
Charming spinach-green
nephrite jade gui or kueiritual vessel, Ching dynastyin the period of Guangxu,c. 1875-1908. In thearchaic style with dragonhead handles. The body isscrolled with geometric,
archaic designs andanimals.
The tradition of Korean jadecarving dates back to neolithic
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carving dates back to neolithicfinds along the Namgang riverbasin in Gyeongju. Jade ringsand accessories were worn by
the higher classes of society,especially women, from thethree kingdoms period andreached their peak in theJoseon dynasty, the golden age
of jadework. Korean jadeworkoften includes buddhist motifs,cicadas, and peanut-shapedgood luck talismans on thesmall scale, as well as larger-
scale architectural pieces.
A pair of king'searrings, made fr
gold and jade, earlcentury (Baekje). Ftomb of King Muny
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POTTERY
CERAMIC
Pottery is the material from which the pottery waremade of which major types include earthenware
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made, of which major types include earthenware,stoneware and porcelain.
The place where such wares are made is also calle
pottery(plural "potteries"). Pottery also refers to the art or craft of the potter o
manufacture of pottery.
The definition of potteryused by ASTM is "all firedceramic wares that contain clay when formed, excetechnical, structural, and refractory products.
"Some archaeologists use a different understandinexcluding ceramic objects such as figurines which made by similar processes, materials and the sam
people but are not vessels.
Chinese pottery
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C ese potte y
also called Chinese ceramics
Chinese Pottery was made long befohistory was set down in writing.
A coarse gray earthenware was made
before the Shang Dynasty (1766-1122BC), and a finer white pottery was alsomade during this era.
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Ming covered red jar with dra
and sea design from the Jiareign
Painted pottery pot with raisedreliefs of dragons and phoenixes,
Western Han Dynasty (202 BC 9
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Goldfish Vase, reign of theJiajing Emperor (1521
67);
Kangxi period (1662 to 1722blue and white porcelain tea
caddy
JAPANESE POTTERY
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Traditional Japanese folk pottery epitomize
work produced with the ease of unconsciouthought; it is work that is created withoutjudgment and exemplifies pure artistic ener
Initially, Japanese pottery was produced to liquids or grains and to be eaten out of, eacform surrendering to caressing hands.
The sensation of touch became as importathe potter as that of the visual.
Tea bowls are
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synonymous withJapanese pottery.
These humble formswere originally madein great quantities,
providing functionalware for Japan's greatpastime-drinking tea
This is the core ofJa anese folk otter .
A simple feldspathic glaze
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being employed on the Sueperiod pottery. This
beautiful glossy gray-greensurface was the beginningsof Japanese celadons.
With their irregularity andasymmetry, thesesumptuous forms exhibitthe essence of the
Japanese concepts ofbeaut .
20th century
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Japanese ceramicswas not just an
influence in style, butalso an exploration inphilosophy. It was an
inquiry into thespeculative rather thanthe observational, and
it created the freedomto design.
TYPES OF POTTERY IN KOREA :
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Earthenware in
South Korea:Korean
Earthenwaredeveloped duringthe prehistoricperiod and reachedits prime during the
'Silla' and 'Kaya'
Celadon in South
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Korea:
This signifies the useof Jade for PotteryMaking in SouthKorea. This form of
pottery was adaptedfrom China.
Stoneware in South
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Korea:
Known as "Punch'ong"in the country, it iscreated in aninteresting way. The
stoneware is firstpainted by a grayish-green varnish followed
by a white layer.
Whiteware in South Korea:
Whit i b i ll
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Whiteware is basicallythe use of white
porcelain.The beauty of porcelain
Pottery lay in its
simplicity and wasmarked by the motifs ofdragons, peonies, pine
or plum trees, flyingcranes and many
The Koreans have used potteries from
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7000 to 8000 years ago. Since ancientimes they used to make pottery by fir
clay at a heat of 1300 degree CelsiusThey produced unique, original and
beautiful pottery. They traded extensivwith China and adopted manufacturinskills of Celadon.
Korean pottery in theSill (668 935)
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Silla era (668 to 935)
the pottery was plainin color, design andsilhouette at the timeof the unified Silla
era.
Korean pottery in theGoguryeo era (918 to
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Goguryeo era (918 to1392)
In this age the pottersmade foliate designs,key fret, geometricshapes, elliptical panels,
stylized fishes andinsects, and they startedusing incised designsfrom this era. The
glazes used, were
Korean pottery in Joseon dynasty (1392 to 19
i b ll d h ld f K
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it can be called the golden era of Koreanpottery.
The Korean ceramics developed to a grextent and pottery was produced in a larcommercial scale for export. The quality
the pottery also improved considerably.They followed the Chinese Ming Dynastevolving their improved range of pottery
and they are similar in certain aspects tothe Chinese wares.
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After the fall of the Ming dynastymany Chinese potters migrated to
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many Chinese potters migrated toKorea
They had brought colorful and vibranpottery of special forms which wasdiscarded by the Korean potters whopreferred to make simple and less
bedecked wares.
Korea exported most of its potteriesto Ja an and rinci all from the