ECOSYSTEMS(relationships and
competition for limiting factors )
Ecosystems…Include all the different organisms living in a certain area and the physical environment
Ecosystems… Do not have clear boundaries between them… organisms move from one
ecosystem to another
ORGANISM: one individual living
thing
ONE red zebra fish
SPECIES- Group of organisms able to reproduce
fertile offspring that resemble each other
all red zebra fish
POPULATION: group of individuals of the same species living in the
same area
all red zebra fish living in Bobcat Lake
COMMUNITY: group of interacting populations of different species in the same
area
all red zebra fish, snails, seaweed, and purple fish living
in Bobcat Lake
ECOSYSTEM: a community
and the abiotic factors that affect it
PRODUCERS•Form the base
of all ecosystems
•Organisms that make their own
food (by photosynthesis)
CONSUMERS•Depend on producers for
survival•Organisms that eat producers or other consumers •PRIMARY- eat producers•SECONDARY- eat other consumers
PRIMARY
CONSUMERS
SECONDARY
CONSUMERS
•Organisms that digest producers and consumers when they die
DECOMPOSERS &
SCAVENGERS
•DECOMPOSERS- organisms that break down dead organisms & release nutrients back into the ecosystem
•SCAVENGERS-
animals that eat
organisms killed
by a predator-
vultures and
opossums
HABITAT- The actual place where an organism lives
NICHE- An organism’s way of life, all
the things it does to survive
HABITAT- The actual place where an organism lives
Which populations share the same habitat? Niche?
Food webs • show the
interaction of all the types of organisms in an environment.
• show how energy flows in an ecosystem
Ecosystems are made up of….
ABIOTIC
FACTORS-
nonliving parts
of the
ecosystem
BIOTIC FACTORS- living parts of the
ecosystem
Organisms need certain biotic and abiotic factors for survival.
These flowers need abiotic factors of water, sunlight and the right
temperature to grow
DEPENDENCE
COMPETITIONRelationship between species in
which they attempt to use the same biotic or abiotic factor
2 plants on the forest
floor competing for
sunlight
Hyena and lion fight over the same animal carcass
HABITAT- The actual place where an organism lives
How might the hyena and the cheetah compete for a biotic factor?
How might the primary consumers compete for an abiotic factor in the
African grassland?
PREDATION
One organism kills
and eats another
PREY-
one that
is eaten
PREDATOR- one that does the eating
Can you name a predator-prey in the food web?
PARASITISM
Organisms that live in or on another
organism and feed on it without
immediately killing it
The parasite takes its
nourishment from the
host.
Can you name a predator-prey?How do the fox and hawk compete?
Can you name the abiotic factors?
Can you name the biotic factors?
Can you name a producer-consumer?
Fish eating algae off a sea turtle shell provides food for fish while cleaning the
turtle shell
MUTUALISMCooperati
ve partnershi
p between
two species.
BOTH SPECIES BENEFIT
!
Relationship in which one species is helped and the other is neither helped
nor harmed
COMMENSALISM
Remoras and Sharks:
remoras attach themselves to sharks & feed on scraps of food left over
from the shark’s meals