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EdExcel GCSE Music
Revision Booklet of all Set works
AOS1 – Western Classical MusicAOS 2 – Music in the 20th CenturyAOS 3 – o!ular Music in Conte"t
AOS # – Worl$ Music
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What Do I Need To Know?
%or each set work& you nee$ to know the'
o Co(!oser
o )a(e of iece
o *e(!o
o *i(e Si+nature, Rhyth(
o -nstru(ents, *i(.re
o Structure
o Melo$y
o *onality
o /ar(ony
o yna(ics
o *y!e of iece
o *e"ture
o ate it was co(!ose$
o lectronic $evices
o lectronic !rocesses
ou also nee$ to .e a.le to'oive o!inions as to why you like, $islike each !iece
o4now .oth the century an$ $ate of when the !iece was co(!ose$
orovi$e reasons as to why each set work re5ects the style it was
written in e6+6 Ro(antic
oive e"a(!les of other co(!osers of that style e6+6 Bach is Baro7ue
oState features of the style of (usic
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o4now what section of the (usic is .ein+ !laye$ in the e"tract e6+6
Mo8art they coul$ !lay either the 1st or 2n$ su.9ect :so (ake sure
you know the $i;erence<
oWrite .asic notations for so(e !arts of the e"tracts6 *his coul$ .e
for any e"tract& you nee$ to .e a.le to hear the sha!e of the
(elo$y for each !iece of (usic
oWork out the rhyth( .ein+ !laye$ .y a certain instru(ent in an
e"tract
Wor$s un$erline$ are the key areas of each !iece e6+6 tonality& te"ture
ach AOS can .e seen throu+h the varyin+ colours'
Re$=AOS1 Oran+e=AOS2 Blue=AOS3 reen=AOS#
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Glossary
SATB the four voices use$ in a choir :so!rano& alto& tenor& .ass<
!ratorio a reli+ious !iece like an o!era .ut not acte$ on sta+eI"itation where one !art co!ies another#la$al Cadence a section which en$s with the chor$s # an$ 1 :su.$o(inant totonic<
Basso Continuo the cello an$ or+an in .aro7ue ti(es%e"iola +ivin+ the (usic a feel of havin+ 2 .eats rather than 3Se&uence a !attern (ovin+ u! or $own!stinato a constantly re!eate$ !attern%o"o'honic a tune with an acco(!ani(entI"itati(e when the (elo$ies co!y one another
Sy"'hony a !iece for an orchestra in # (ove(ents
)u*ato !layin+ a.out with the s!ee$ of a !iece& either slowin+ it $own or
s!ee$in+ u!
Canta*le the (elo$y is !laye$ so that is sin+s out on the !iano an$ uses a
s(ooth soun$
Sustuento slow an$ sustaine$
Synco'ation !uttin+ the e(!hasis on usually weak .eats in a !iece of (usic
Acciaccatura a crushe$ note
Enhar"onic Chan$e the sa(e note with a $i;erent na(e e6+6 A. to >
S"or+ando $yin+ away
#ianissi"o very 7uiet
#eddle Note a re!eate$ note
Sehr )asch very fast
Klan$,ar*en"elodie the tune is !asse$ aroun$ the orchestra& .etween
instru(ents
%exachords a chor$ with ? notes
Atonal no key
-ra$"ented .roken u!
%au'tsti""e !rinci!le (elo$y
Meta"or'hosis a .asic chan+e in for(
)esultant "elody a (elo$y (a$e u! fro( notes .ein+ !laye$ in $i;erentinstru(ent !arts
Metrical Dis'lace"ent !layin+ the sa(e thin+ .ut at a $i;erent ti(e& soun$s
out of sync
#oly"etre a co(.ination of $i;erent ti(e si+natures
Tritone an interval of a shar!ene$ #th
Sylla*ic one (elo$y note !er sylla.le
!cta(e dis'lace"ent (ovin+ notes fro( the (elo$y into $i;erent octaves
Tre"olo very 7uick notes& +ives a shakin+ e;ect
%ar"onics very hi+h notes#i++icato !lucke$ strin+s
Strident .i+& .ol$& con@$ent
-rontline Instru"ents the instru(ents that !lay the (elo$y lines
)hyth"ic Section the instru(ents that !lay the .ack+roun$ .ass an$ .eats
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%ead the (elo$y& an$ in A BS is followe$ .y a ri;
)i. a re!eate$ !attern
Bac/*eats accentin+ the .eats which are not usually accente$ in MOB 2#
Su*0*ass – a very low .ass :Dthu(!in+ ru(.leE<
Brea/down – one .ar of silence
#annin$ – s!rea$in+ the soun$ into a new stereo or s!eaker
Echo – a soun$ re!eate$ after it has .een hear$E1 – chan+es the fre7uency of a soun$
)e(er* – a(!lifyin+ a soun$& (akin+ it soun$ like it was recor$e$ in an echoey
s!ace
Cross rhyth"s – two $i;erent rhyth(s .ein+ !laye$ at the sa(e ti(e& the
rhyth(s usually have $i;erent ti(e si+natures
-lan$in$ – swee!in+ e;ect !ro$uce$ throu+h sli+ht $elay to co!ie$ soun$
Distortion (akin+ the soun$ rou+her an$ harsher
Word #aintin$ when the wor$ (irrors the (usical e;ect .ein+ !ut on the (usic
-alsetto notes hi+her than the nor(al (ale ran+eSe&uence when a (elo$y is re!eate$ a tone hi+her than it was !reviously
Tala a rhyth(ic !attern in -n$ian (usic
)a$a the scale or (o$e use$ in an -n$ian ra+
Ala' the @rst section of a ra+a where there is no fxed beat, it is also i(!rovise$
Drone the re!eate$ notes !laye$ on the ta(.ura or shruti .o"
)asa the (oo$ of the notes in the ra+a
Meend sli$in+ .etween notes :when sin+in+<
Gat the !re co(!ose$ instru(ental section
Tan when fast scalic !atterns are use$
#olyrhyth"ic $i;erent rhyth(s !laye$ to+ether
%etero'honic a ty!e of te"ture where a (ore co(!licate$ !art is a$$e$ on to!
of another one
2nison si+nin+ or !layin+ to+ether
Call 3 )es'onse when a lea$er !lays an$ the rest of the +rou! re!eats
#entatonic Scale scale usin+ F notes
4oca*les nonsense sylla.les
Stro'hic na(e foe a structure of 2 verseEs an$ 2 inserts
Diatonic usin+ notes in the key
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5
6
7
8
9
%andel And the Glory o, the :ord
16 *he te(!o :s!ee$< is allegro26 *he key in A major :soun$s ha!!y<
36 *he ti(e si+nature is ¾ & there are 3 crotchet .eats inevery .ar#6 *he Basso Continuo :instru(ents G or+an an$ cello
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" ! o s i t i o n K * h e ( e s a r e h e a r $ f o r t h e @ r s t t i ( e : 1 s t a n $ 2 n $ S u . 9 e c t s
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;nd Su*>ect
*he key of the 2n$ su.9ect is in Bb !ajor *he instru(ents use$ in this su.9ect are thestrings an$ (ood(ind
*he (elo$y in the 2n$ su.9ect uses so(echromatic notes& balanced phrasing is also use$ as it was in the 1st su.9ectAt the en$ of the su.9ect the iolins' bassoons an$ .utes !lay a descending staccatoscale
Cho'in )aindro' #relude
Basic -acts a*out the #iece
*he ti(e si+nature is #$# :# crotchet .eats !er .ar< *he te(!o is sostenuto an$ rubato is use$ *he only instru(ent use$ is the piano :as it is a !iano !relu$e<-n this !iece& the structure is ternary /ABA0 for(& with a coda an$ a .asic ABAstructure within section A *he te"ture is si(ilar throu+hout an$ is (ainly homophonic
*he sy(.ol is use throu+hout an$ shows the (usician that they nee$ to hol$$own the right peddle /sustaining peddle0
Section A Section BSection A and
Codetta• *he key is b !ajor
• *he (elo$y is in theright hand
• *he te"ture is!elody ominatedomophony
• %irst 3 notes are,alling /cantabiletone0 in a bro3en
chord • *he har(ony uses a
constant peddle noteon the dominant/Ab0
• *he key +oes to C4!inor in an 5nharmonic Change
• *he $yna(ics written onthe score contain lots ofcrescendos
• *he $yna(ics .uil$ u!with su$$en chan+es in(o$
•
*he (elo$y is !laye$ inthe le,t hand
• *he har(ony in this
section uses an inerted dominant peddle as
• Section A is re!eate$.ut is (uch shorter
• *hey key returns to b!ajor
• *he (elo$y here usessmor6ando
• *he te(!o is slo( an$rubato is use$
• *here is a ritt at the
en$ of the !iece• *he te"ture is .oth
monophonic an$ homophonic
• *he co$etta is - bars
Ty'ical -eatures o,)o"antic Music
• se of Ru.ato
• %re7uent chan+es of te(!o
an$ ti(e si+natures
• Bi+ ran+e of $yna(ics
• Son+ like (elo$y
• se of !e$$le notes
!ther )o"antic Co"'osers
*chaikovsky
• Wa+ner
Written in 1-78-s a piano prelude
Written $urin+ the 9omantic !erio$Written for the piano
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• Acciaccatura is alsouse$ to hel! with thehar(ony
• A secon$ the(e isintro$uce$ a$$in+variety
• Chromatic notes are
use$ to (ake thehar(ony (oreinterestin+
• By the en$ of sectionA the A. is written as> known as anenharmonic change use$ to hel! lea$ intosection B :tonality<
the !e$$le note is in theri+ht han$
• *here is an o.viouschan+e in (oo$
• *he lo(er region of theinstru(ent :!iano< isuse$
• *he te"ture in chordal
• *he > is use$ as the piot to take the !iece.ack to . Ma9or in thelast section
long :structure<
• *he !e$$le note drops out for 7 barsan$ then starts u!a+ain :har(ony<
• *he $yna(ics at theen$ are pianissimo
• *he !iece en$s on a per,ect cadence /:;10
Schoen*er$ 0 #eri'ete
Key -acts a*out the #iece
*he structure of the !iece is a ,ree rondo /ABACA0Schoen.er+ has $eci$e$ to use (any instru(ents as he uses a big orchestra& hisinstru(ents inclu$e'
• !assie woo$win$ section
• ' with no clear beats?lang,arbenmelodie throu+hout when the (elo$y is !asse$ aroun$ instru(ents6 *he (elo$y is angular an$ ,ragmented *he !iece is har$ to listen as it is in no key /atonal0 (akin+ it soun$ clashing an$ dissonantrou!s of ? notes are use$ in one chor$ /he>achords0@ide e>tremes of $yna(ics /pp;ery quiet to +,;ery loud0& with suddenchanges)o clear te"ture with quic3 changes
At $i;erent !oints in the !iece'• Melo$ic lines are di+erent
• Strin+s !lay (ore ,orce,ully at !oints
Ty'ical -eatures o,
Ex'ressionist Music
• ots of $issonance
• Contrastin+ $yna(ics
• Chan+in+ te"tures
• An+ular an$ $istorte$
(elo$ies with wi$e lea!s
!ther Ex'ressionistCo"'osers
Ber+
• We.ern
Written in 188-s written for the orchestra
Written $urin+ the 5>pressionist
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*he principal melody /hauptstimme0 is(ainly !laye$ .y the'
• /orns
• Clarinets
• Chellos
)easons to Disli/e this #iece
• )o key
• Clashin+ (elo$ies
• "tre(e yna(ics
• )o clear .eat
• ar+e ran+ of instru(ents use$
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)eich Electric Counter'oint•
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Basic -acts a*out the #iece
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*he te(!o is ,ast
*he (ove(entEs structure .uil$s u! in 7 layersD
1E Syncopated quaer moti, fro( live +uitar2E Another synco!ate$ 7uaver (otif is intro$uce$ .ut on the bass guitars7E A sustained moti, !laye$ .y the live +uitar
• *he ti(e si+nature is 3,2 an$ lots of syncopation is use$
• Constant use of ostinati in the (elo$y
• *he key is (ostly * major .ut is in 5b major towar$s the en$'
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• 5lectric *uitars
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Constant $yna(ics *he te"ture is (ainly polyphonic
•
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Written for Tony the (ale lea$ in DWest Si$e StoryE in DSo(ethin+Es Co(in+E
-t is his @rst solo in the (usical an$ shows his ,eelin$ an$ o'ti"istic character
L*ony is a tenor (oiceL
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Bernstein0So"ethin$@s Co"in$•
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Key -acts a*out the #iece
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• *he te(!o throu+hout is ,ast which i(itates *onyEs feelin+s
*he (etre :ti(e si+nature< chan+es fro( ¾ to 2$#
%eatures of the rhyth( inclu$e syncopation an$ cross rhythms•
• L*he fast te(!o& chan+in+ ti(e si+nature an$ synco!ation an$ cross rhyth(s:3 .ullet !oints a.ovecitement and anticipationL
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•
*he instru(entation of the !iece uses a small ariation o, the orchestraD• Woo$win$ /emphasis on clarinets0
• Brass
• ercussion
• Strin+s – use tremolo an$ harmonics to illustrate the line Hthe air ishu((in+I
• Voice also counts as an instru(ent6 *o (ake sure the orchestra $oes not oer po(er the voice& the acco(!ani(ent uses'
• uiet $yna(ics
• Soft ti(.res :muted tru(!ets& pi66icato strin+s<
• /o(o!honic te"ture• *he structure is not typical erse and chorus6 Re!eats are aried each ti(e itis !laye$6 *he structure is'
• O!enin+ = 7uiet an$ synco!ate$
• Bar 21 = lou$& stri$ent& in 2,#
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• Bar N3 = lyrical an$ slow (ovin+
• *he (elo$y ha$ long sustained notes an$ is syllabicE -t also usesaccented notes an$ short phrases
*he key is major
• -n the har(ony tritone is use$
yna(ics ary .ut starts pp
*he te"ture is (ainly homophonic•
Miles Da(is0All
Blues
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Key -acts a*out the #iece
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*he ti(e si+nature of the !iece is K$# /ja66 (alt60
%eatures of the rhyth( inclu$e s(ung quaers an$ syncopation
• -n the !iece the instru(ents use$ are'
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-rontline Instru"ents
)hyth"ic Section
Instru"ent
%owit is
'laye
d
Melody inthe solos
Instru"ent
%ow it is'layed
Melodyin thesolos
• *ru(!et
:Milesavis<
• Mute$ Short and
syncopated
• iano • *re(olo • Calm'
simplemelody
• Alto Sa" • @iderange o,notes andquic3
• ou.le Bass
• i88icato •
• *enor Sa" • %ast scales • ru(s • WireBrushes
are use$
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Base$ on the 12 bar blues chor$ !attern :!lays for 12 .ars thenre!eats
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• *he structure of the !iece is known as a head arrangement :white+a!s=ri;s
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B *he verse uses the @rst sample /male0
• ercussion instru(ents use$'
• Maracas
• Claves
• -n the 1st verse'
• iano !lays held chords& which acco(!any the voice
•
rums enter after voice& followe$ .y the bass• iano then !lays syncopated chor$s
*he secon$ half of the 1st verse has a di+erent tune an$ the sha!e ofthe (elo$y rises and ,alls
• *he key in the verse is'
• Am 5m * :Only # chor$s are use$ in the 1st verse<
A(a8in+ 5(ily *oes ancin+P
C • *he chorus uses the secon$ sample /,emale0
• *he key in the chorus is'
C !ajor
• *he chor$s alternate .etween'
C Am C Am an$ % C% C
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*he ti(e si+nature is #$# with a steady te(!o of 8- beats per minute/B=!0
%eatures of the rhyth(
inclu$e syncopation an$ accented bac3beats
• *he te"ture is homophonic' an$ thins out after the .reak$own
• *he snare drum is hear$ on .eats 2 and # :shown on the stave to theri+ht<
•
e. Buc/ley0Grace
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Key -acts a*out the #iece
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*he ti(e si+nature is 12$-
Ty'ical -eatures o, -ol/-usion Music
• Jariations in te(!o an$rhyth(
• on+ section $ivi$e$ intoshort !hrases
• Short hrases can have their
Written in 188#
-s in the style of ,ol3
,usion /roc3 and ,ol30
4ey !hrase to know the
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• -n the key of 5 minor :althou+h it is a(.i+uous<
Bars 1G3 have no clear 3ey
Bars #GN are in major
*he te(!o is ,airly ,ast
• *he instru(ents use$ are'
• uitars :B SC-%-C W-*/ *< :strum aggressiely M
enhancin+ torture$ (oo$<• lectric uitars :sliding bet(een notes M
enhances the torture$ (oo$<
-n .ars 1G3 they are pluc3ed
-n .ars #GN they are strummed
Bas uitars
• Synthesisers
• Strin+s
• ru( 4it
-n the ocal per,ormance to show the torture$ (oo$ of the lyrics
ornamentation /melisma0' ,alsetto an$ ,alling patterns are use$ On the wor$s Dafrai$E DawayE D$ieE the notes are ,alling
On the wor$ DcriesE the notes ,all a :th
• On the wor$ DslowE the note is long to re5ect the reference to
slow in the lyrics
On the !hrase Dit re(in$s (e of rainE the 5L e;ect is remoed
• *he structure of the !iece is erse;chorus'
• -ntro
• Jerse 1
• Chorus 1• -ntro
• Jerse 2
• Chorus 2
• Bri$+e
• -ntro
Jerse 3 /uses 5L0
• Co$a
*he te"ture is (ainly homophonic
-n the (elo$y& there is fre7uent use of ornamentation an$ ,alling patterns
Indian )a$a0)a$ Desh
*he har(ony is un;conentional of a roc3
*here are 7 ersionsof ra+ $eshRa+ esh is
associate$ withmonsoon season or
ni ht
Ty'ical -eatures o, Indian)a$a
• ses a tal,rhyth( !attern
• %ocuse$ on the (elo$y an$
rhyth(
• ses a $rone
• Meen$ is often use$ in sun+
E
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Ala!
Qhar,Qhalla
3at
Ban$ish
:forvoice<
y!ical -n$ian Structure'
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Anoush3a
Shan3 ar
Instruments
Structure
9hythm
&ther
• Sitar :solo
instru(ent inthe ala!<
• *a.la
• Ala! :tan
use$<
• at :has a,ast clear
pulse<
• Qhalla :fast
en$in+section<
• Qha!tal – 10
.eats :at 1<
• *intal – 1?.eats :at 2<
• *al is !laye$.y the ta.la
• -n the atimproisat is use$ :notco((on of+at<
• Sitar strin+s
strummedthe en$
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• Mahara
"anamMaran #$erormed by
Chiran%i
&alTan'ar
• nstruments • tru!ture • hythm • +ther
• Saro$
• Saran9i
• akhawa9
• *a.la
• S(allCy(.als
• Joice
• Ala!
• Ban$ish :sungersion o, agat <
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• 4eherwa –
.eats• Music .eco
,aster an$e>citing nethe en$
-t is a bhaja/indudeotionalsong0
Joice usesmeend
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Stee*ornand
Benju@ertheimer
Instrument s
Structure
9hythm
&ther
• Bansuri
• sra9
• Shruti Bo"
• Swar(an$el: pluc3edstringinstrument <
• *a.la
• Ala!
• at 1 :,ast <
• at 2 :slo(<
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• Ru!ak – N
.eats :at 1<
• ktal – 12.eats :at 2<
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• -n the atimproisati is use$ :notco((on of a
+at<• Sitar strin+s
strummedthe en$
*y!ical -n$ian
earnt throu+h&ral Tradition
• Sitar • lays the (elo$y :!lucke$ like a +uitar<
• Tabl a
• lays the .eat :ty!e of $ru(<
• Sarangi
• lays the (elo$y :.owe$ like a violin<
• Sarod
• lays the (elo$y :!lucke$ like a +uitar< .uts(aller an$ lower in !itch
• =a3ha(aj
• lays the .eat :$ou.le hea$e$ $ru(<
• Cym
bals
• lays the .eat :!ercussion<
• Bansuri
• lays the (elo$y :woo$en 5ute<
• 5sraj • lays the (elo$y :.owe$ like a violin an$frette$ like a +uitar<
• Tambura
• lays the $rone
• Shruti
Bo>
• lays the $rone
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Ko/o0iri
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Key -acts a*out the
#iece
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• *he te"ture'
• Starts o;monophonic withonly the
balaphone’s !layin+ When the 2nd balaphone
enters the te"ture .eco(esheterophonic
• -t is also polyphonic at ti(es
%eatures of the rhyth( inclu$ecross rhythms'
polyrhythms an$syncopation
• *he !iece is modal an$ uses
a pentatonic scale /:notes0 .& A.& B& .& . :Allof the .lack notes a!art fro(Bb<
*he sin+ers follow a solo voice
– call and response – as wellas sin+in+ in unison
• &stinato on the $ru(s& whichcontinue to !lay a rhythmic ostinati throu+hout
*he (etre,ti(e si+nature at the start of the !iece is ,ree$un;metered
*he ti(e si+nature is #$# When the two .ala!hones !lay at the .e+innin+ the interal .etween
the two is an octae
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Beat cycles for the tals in the ta.lea.ove' Qha!tal :2 3 2 3< *intal :# # # #<4eherwa :2 2 2 2<Ru!ak :3 2 2<
-n$ian scale !attern
*here son+ is fro(Bur3ino %aso
-t is .y ?o3o an$ iscalle$ Firi
Ty'ical -eatures o, A,rican
Music
• Call an$ res!onse
• Re!etition
• Ostinati
• se of cross rhyth(s an$
synco!ation
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*he $ru( ostinati has a rhyth( of a quaer an$ then two semi quaers6 *here the two se(i 7uavers an$ 7uaver co(e in +rou!s of 3 :fro( the (usica.ove 7 o, the same note are !laye$
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5 minor and * major
• -s quiet and calm
• Main focus is on the singer
• -t is louder
• i!e solo is hetrophonic
• Bac3ing ocal are added to thehar(ony
•
*he vocal line is syllabic
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Bar s
1
2
7
#
• • C (a9or • (a9or • (inor,C(a9or
• (a9or
Bar s
:
K
"
-
• • C (a9or • (a9or • (inor,C(a9or
• C (a9or
• *he instru(ents use$ are'
• %i$$le• illeann i!es :like
.a+!i!es<
• Accor$ion• Bou8ouki
• *in Whistle
• ru( 4it• Synthesisers
• Bass uitar
Exa" #ractice 1uestions•
Area o, Study 5 Western Classical
Music
%andel•
• What are the # voicesT
• What ty!e of ca$ence $oes it@nish withT
• What is the key of the !ieceT
• )a(e 2 te"tures use$
• )a(e a rhyth(ic feature use$
• )a(e a (elo$ic feature use$
• Which !erio$ of (usical historywas the !iece co(!ose$ inT
• What year was this !iece writteninT
• What is the te(!o of this !ieceT
• ive 2 (usical features that (akeit 9oyful
• What is a !e$al an$ where is oneuse$T
• ive four features a.out Baro7ue(usic
• )a(e three other .aro7ueco(!osers
• What instru(ents $oes /an$eluseT
• What $oes A$a+io (eanT• What is a .asso continuo an$
what instru(ents !lay itT
• Which two features in the last.ars (ake it soun$ @nishe$T
•
Mo+art
•
• What key is the !iece inT
• What is the -talian te(!o (arkin+
an$ what $oes it (eanT
• )a(e two instru(ents not use$ inthe orchestraT
• What structure $oes the !iece
useT
• /ow (any su.9ects are use$ inthe e"!ositionT
• ive two ways the reca!itulationis $i;erent to the e"!ositionT
Only use of melisma in the
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• What $oes the sy(.ol s (eanT
• What is a co$aT
• What te"ture is the @nal few .ars
of the co$aT
• When was this writtenT
• What is a se7uenceT
• %ro( which !erio$ is this (usicT
• ive four features fro( that!erio$T
• What is the key of the @rst
su.9ectT
• What s the key of the secon$su.9ectT
•
Cho'in
•
• What key is the !iece inT
• What era is it fro( an$ what arefour features fro( the eraT
• What is the for( or structure ofthe workT
• What is the (ain te"tureT
• What $ie s(or8an$o (eanT
• )a(e three other ro(anticco(!osers
• What $oes ru.ato (eanT
• What $oes canta.ile (eanT
• /ow $o the $yna(ics chan+e
fro( A to BT
• What key is A in an$ what key in BinT
••
Area o, Study ; Music in the ;=th
Century•
Schoen*er$
•
• When was the !iece co(!ose$T• )a(e the co(!oser an$ titleT
• -s the (usic tonal or atonalT
• What is the .asic for( of the
!ieceT
• What is a he"achor$T
• What $oes sehr rasch (eanT
• escri.e one feature of the$yna(icsT
• escri.e a feature of the te"tureT
• What is the na(e for theense(.le that !erfor(s itT
• What is a tre(olo an$ which
fa(ily !lay itT
• ist four feature in the !iecewhich re5ect the 20th century(usic
• What style of (usic is thisT
• e@ne 4lan+far.en(elo$ieT
• )a(e two co(te!ories
:co(!osers $urin+ the ti(e< ofSchoen.er+Es
•
Bernstein
•
• What ty!e of voice is use$T
• What style is it fro(T
• When was it co(!ose$T
• Who is the co(!oserT
• Co((ent on the orchestra inwest si$e story
• What ty!es of (usic are in(usicalsT
• What is the key of the son+
• )a(e other (usicals an$ theirco(!osersT
• What $oes $iatonic (eanT
• What is *ony sin+in+ a.outT
• What is the e;ect of the
!ianissi(o at the .e+innin+T
• What key is it inT• What is a tritoneT
•
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)eich
•
• What is the style of this (usicT
• ive four facts a.out the (usic
• ive four techni7ues use$ in this(usic
• /ow (any +uitars $oes the !ieceuse in totalT
• Who co(!ose$ the !ieceT
• What is the startin+ ti(esi+natureT
• What is loo!in+T
• Who was it written forT
• /ow (any (ove(ents $oes ithave an$ which are westu$yin+T
• What is the (elo$y (a$e u! ofT
• WhatEs the te"tureT
• *he 4ey chan+es .etweenU
• What are canonsT•
Area o, Study 6 #o'ular Music in
Context•
Miles Da(is•
• What instru(ents !lay the frontlineT
• What is the rhyth( sectionT
• What era is this !iece fro( an$how $oes the style of the (usicre5ect that of the eraT
• Who !lays the tru(!et in this!ieceT
• )a(e the e;ects use$ on theinstru(ents
• When was the !iece co(!ose$T
• Which sections of the !iece are
i(!rovise$T
• -s the !iece tonal or atonalT
• What chor$ se7uence is the !iece.ase$ aroun$ an$ what are thechor$sT
• *he !iece is $escri.e$ as aUUUUU66walt8
•
e. Buc/ley
•
• What is (akes the har(ony unGconventional of a rock son+T
• What is the structure of raceT
• /ow $oes Qe; Buckley convey
e(otion in the !ieceT• What electronic e;ects $oes he
useT
• What instru(ents are use$ in the!ieceT
• -s the !iece tonal or atonalT
• What key is the !iece inT
• What vocal e;ects $oes he useT• *he ti(e si+nature of the !iece
isU
•
Mo*y
•
• What ty!e of (usic is the !ieceT
• What electronic $evices $oes heuseT
•
What electronic e;ects $oes heuseT
• ive 3 facts a.out the vocal
sections in the !iece
• What 2 chor$ !atterns are use$T
• *here is a .ar of silence in the!iece& what is the na(e +iven tothatT
• What is the ti(e si+nature of the
!ieceT
• What is the overall te"ture of the!ieceT
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• ive 2 features of the rhyth( inthe !iece
•
•
Area o, Study 7 World Music )a$ Desh•
• What $o all 3 versions of the ra+start withT
• What is the (ost co((only use$strin+ instru(entT
• )a(e # strin+ instru(ents
• What is the na(e +iven to the-n$ian 5uteT
• Who !lays the sitar in the @rste"tractT
• What is the na(e +iven to a/in$u $evotional son+T
• -n the 2n$ version of the ra+& whatis a feature of the vocal!erfor(anceT
• What is the co((on structure ofra+ $eshT
• Ra+ $esh is associate$ to what 2featuresT
• )a(e -n$ian instru(ents
• What is a talT
• oes the at have a @"e$ .eatT
• Which section of an -n$ian ra+ is
i(!rovise$T
•
iri
•
• ive 3 features of the rhyth( in
this !iece
• )a(e 3 ty!es of African $ru(• What is the instru(ent si(ilar to
a "ylo!honeT
• -s this !iece he"atonic or!entatonicT
• -n the o!enin+ of this !iece whatis the te"tureT
• /ow is a !iece like this learntT
• What is the na(e +iven to !eo!le
res!on$in+ to so(ethin+ !laye$.y the lea$er of the !ieceT
• *he $ru(s !lay a UUUUUUUUthrou+ht the !iece
• What is the tonality of this !ieceT
• Where $i$ this !iece co(e fro(T
•
Ca'ercaille
•
• What is the na(e +iven to
nonsense sylla.lesT
• *his !iece is an e"a(!le of aUUUU66 son+
• What is the lan+ua+e .ein+ sun+in this !ieceT
• /ow (any sections are there inthis !ieceT
• What ty!ical folk instru(ents are
use$T
• What electric instru(ents areuse$T
• When was this !iece release$T
• What is the structure of this!ieceT
• What is the tonality of this !ieceT
•
•
Essay 1uestions
•
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• Co((ent on Cho!in& Rain$ro! relu$e or Ra+ esh usin+ the followin+criteria'
•
• yna(ics
• -nstru(entation
• *onality,/ar(ony
•
Melo$y• Conte"t
•
• Co((ent on Schoen.er+ eri!etie or 4oko iri usin+ the followin+ criteria'
•
• *onality
• -nstru(entation
• Conte"t
• yna(ics
• *e(!o•