Endocrine SystemEndocrine System
► Exocrine Gland-Exocrine Gland- Has a duct that Has a duct that
carries secretioncarries secretion
► Endocrine Gland-Endocrine Gland- Ductless gland that Ductless gland that
secretes a hormone secretes a hormone into the bloodinto the blood
►Hormone-Hormone- Chemical Chemical
messengers act on messengers act on target cellstarget cells
Endocrine SystemEndocrine System
Ant. Ant. PituitaryPituitary
(3) TSH(3) TSH Stimulates thyroid gland.Stimulates thyroid gland.
Ant. Ant. PituitaryPituitary
(4, 5) HGH (4, 5) HGH (GH)(GH)
Regulates growth.Regulates growth.
Ant. Ant. PituitaryPituitary
(4,5) (4,5) ProlactinProlactin
Promotes milk production.Promotes milk production.
Ant. Ant. PituitaryPituitary
(6) ACTH(6) ACTH Stimulates adrenal cortex.Stimulates adrenal cortex.
Ant. Ant. PituitaryPituitary
(1, 2) FSH(1, 2) FSH Regulates gonads.Regulates gonads.
Ant. Ant. PituitaryPituitary
(1, 2) LH(1, 2) LH Regulates gonads.Regulates gonads.
Post. Post. PituitaryPituitary
(7, 8) ADH(7, 8) ADH Regulates water balance.Regulates water balance.
Post. Post. PituitaryPituitary
(7, 8) (7, 8) OxytocinOxytocin
Controls birth contractions.Controls birth contractions.
Endocrine SystemEndocrine System
ThyroidThyroid (11) (11) ThyroxineThyroxine
Regulates cell Regulates cell metabolism.metabolism.
Adrenal Adrenal CortexCortex
(13) (13) CortisolCortisol
Reg. carb., fat, protein Reg. carb., fat, protein metabmetab
Adrenal Adrenal MedullaMedulla
(12) (12) EpinephrinEpinephrin
ee
Prepares in stress Prepares in stress situations.situations.
ParathyroidParathyroid (16) PTH(16) PTH Regulates calcium levels.Regulates calcium levels.
Endocrine SystemEndocrine System
Islets Islets Langer…Langer…
(14, 15) (14, 15) InsulinInsulin
Decreases blood sugar Decreases blood sugar levels.levels.
Islets Islets Langer…Langer…
(14, 15) (14, 15) GlucagonGlucagon
Increases blood sugar Increases blood sugar levels.levels.
TestesTestes (9) (9) TestosteroTestostero
nene
Male secondary sex char.Male secondary sex char.
OvariesOvaries (10) (10) EstrogenEstrogen
Female secondary sex Female secondary sex char.char.
DisordersDisorders
►GoiterGoiter►HyperthyroidismHyperthyroidism►HypothyroidismHypothyroidism► CretinismCretinism
►Diabetes MellitusDiabetes Mellitus►GiantismGiantism►DwarfismDwarfism► AcromegalyAcromegaly
DisordersDisorders
► Goiter-Goiter- Enlargement of thyroidEnlargement of thyroid
► Hyperthyroidism Hyperthyroidism Over active thyroidOver active thyroid High metabolism, thin, High metabolism, thin,
high activity, …high activity, …► Hypothyroidism-Hypothyroidism-
Under active thyroidUnder active thyroid Low metabolism, weight Low metabolism, weight
gaingain► CretinismCretinism
Under active thyroid in Under active thyroid in infancyinfancy
► Diabetes MellitusDiabetes Mellitus Lack of insulinLack of insulin
► GiantismGiantism Over active pituitary- Over active pituitary-
HGHHGH► DwarfismDwarfism
Under active pituitary- Under active pituitary- HGHHGH
► AcromegalyAcromegaly HGH production after HGH production after
growth is normally growth is normally completecomplete
Endocrine SystemEndocrine System
►Negative Feedback Negative Feedback Mechanism-Mechanism- Regulates hormone Regulates hormone
levelslevels Level of one Level of one
hormone regulates hormone regulates the release of a the release of a different hormonedifferent hormone
Works much like a Works much like a thermostat and thermostat and furnacefurnace