EnergyEnergy Energy-Energy- the ability to do work or the ability to do work or
cause changecause change
All energy in living things is as All energy in living things is as chemical compoundschemical compounds
Main energy source = THE SUNMain energy source = THE SUN
Where Does Energy Come From?Where Does Energy Come From?
Energy is stored in food!!!Energy is stored in food!!!
PlantsPlants are are autotrophsautotrophs——they make their they make their ownown food from sunlight. food from sunlight.
AnimalsAnimals are are heterotrophsheterotrophs- cannot make - cannot make their own food, must their own food, must eateat food for energy. food for energy.
Chemical EnergyChemical Energy
3 main chemical compounds for energy:3 main chemical compounds for energy:
ATPATP (adenosine (adenosine tri-phosphatetri-phosphate))
ADPADP (adenosine (adenosine di-phosphatedi-phosphate))
GlucoseGlucose (C (C66HH1212OO66)- sugar/carbs)- sugar/carbs
ATP vs. ADPATP vs. ADP ATP becomes ADP by ATP becomes ADP by breakingbreaking a phosphate group (P) a phosphate group (P) BreakBreak chemical bonds = chemical bonds = RELEASERELEASE energy energy
ADP becomes ATP by ADP becomes ATP by addingadding a phosphate group (P) a phosphate group (P) AddingAdding chemical bonds = chemical bonds = STORESTORE energy energy
PhotosynthesisPhotosynthesis PhotoPhoto: : lightlight SynthesisSynthesis:: make make
somethingsomething
The process by which plant The process by which plant cells use light energy to cells use light energy to makemake food food
Where: Where: chloroplastschloroplasts Who: Chlorophyll-Who: Chlorophyll- pigment pigment
that traps sun’s light energythat traps sun’s light energy
The Photosynthesis ReactionThe Photosynthesis Reaction
6 CO2 + 6 H2O + light energy = C6H12O6 + 6 O2
trapped by chlorophyll
Carbon Dioxide + Water + Sunlight = Glucose + OxygenCarbon Dioxide + Water + Sunlight = Glucose + Oxygen
2 stages: 2 stages: Light Reaction-Light Reaction- needs light, oxygen released needs light, oxygen released Dark Reaction-Dark Reaction- no light needed, makes sugar no light needed, makes sugar
Cellular RespirationCellular Respiration The The oppositeopposite of photosynthesis! of photosynthesis! Instead of making food, we break down food to Instead of making food, we break down food to
release energyrelease energy Takes place in mitochondria of Takes place in mitochondria of allall living things living things
C6H12O6 + 6 O2 = 6 CO2 + 6 H2O + ATP
Bellringer 11/112/09Bellringer 11/112/09
In your next empty square on page 100:In your next empty square on page 100:
1.1.Write the equation for photosynthesisWrite the equation for photosynthesis2.2.Write the equation for cellular Write the equation for cellular
respiration!respiration!
Use your notes from Tuesday!Use your notes from Tuesday!
RemindersReminders: HW #10 due Fri! LAB FEE NOW!: HW #10 due Fri! LAB FEE NOW!
Cellular Respiration StagesCellular Respiration Stages
3 Stages:3 Stages: Glycolysis- anaerobicGlycolysis- anaerobic Citric Acid Cycle (Krebs Cycle)- Citric Acid Cycle (Krebs Cycle)- aerobicaerobic ETCETC (Electron Transport Chain)- aerobic (Electron Transport Chain)- aerobic
Aerobic respiration -energy produced using oxygen Anaerobic respiration - also called Fermentation - a process producing energy without oxygen
FermentationFermentation1. Lactic Acid 1. Lactic Acid
Fermentation-Fermentation- when when there is no oxygen, ex: there is no oxygen, ex: muscles while runningmuscles while running
2. Alcoholic Fermentation2. Alcoholic Fermentation - - yeast, bacteria, this is yeast, bacteria, this is how we make beer, how we make beer, cheese, bread, vinegar, cheese, bread, vinegar, wine and ciderwine and cider
QuickTime™ and aTIFF (Uncompressed) decompressor
are needed to see this picture.
Photosynthesis vs. RespirationPhotosynthesis vs. RespirationPhotosynthesis Respiration
Food made Food broken down
Energy from sunlight stored in glucose
Stored energy in glucose released
CO2 taken in CO2 and H2O given off
O2 given off O2 taken in
Occurs in the presence of chlorophyll- plants only
Occurs in all living organisms
Light needed No light needed
In Chloroplasts In Mitochondria