King James, Charles I and Oliver Cromwell
Elizabeth I had no children
James now must deal with Parliament Money issues Calvinist and did not
act against catholic church
Upset Puritans of Parliament
King James Bible
Son of James I Needed money
War with Spain and France
Dissolved parliament when they refused to raise the taxes
1628 recalls parliament Forced to sign
Petition of Rights
Could not jail without due cause No taxes without Parliament’s consent No quartering soldiers No martial law in peace time Charles ignored after he got his money Challenged DIVINE RIGHT and
ABSOLUTISM
Religion causes problems Charles offends Puritans
Formal prayer book Forces Scots to use same prayer book
Threaten to invade England
Charles again needs money Parliament has to be called
Enacts laws to limit king’s power Charles tries to arrest Parliament
leaders They Escaped Mob of Londoners attack the palace Charles flees north to raise an army
Charles Supporters were Royalists or Cavaliers
Parliament supporters called Roundheads Led by Oliver Cromwell
Capture Charles and try and convict him of Treason Sentence him to death Revolutionaries to try, convict, and kill a King
Abolishes Monarchy and House of Lords Establishes a republic Drafts first written constitution of any
European State Cromwell tears up and rules as military
dictator Rebellion in Ireland breaks out and
Cromwell invades Enforce Puritan Morality through laws
Religious toleration for all Christians but Catholics
After Cromwell dies Charles II is asked to return to the throne Restores entertainment lost under Puritan
rule Habeas Corpus
Every prisoner has the right to obtain a writ ordering them before a judge
Heir for Charles II a Catholic James II his brother
Whigs oppose James because of his religion Tories support James James flaunts Catholicism and appoints
Catholics to high positions in government Dissolves Parliament when they protest
Fear of Catholic rule of England Glorious Revolution kicked James out with
help from William of Orange from the Netherlands.
James II older daughter Mary (protestant) married William
7 members of Parliament ask them to overthrow James to prevent Catholic rule
William leads army to London and James flees to France
Glorious Revolution because it was bloodless!
Constitutional Monarchy Bill of Rights
NO suspending Parliament’s laws NO levying taxes without Parliament's
consent NO interfering with freedom of speech of
Parliament NO penalty for a citizen who petitions the
King with a grievance Cabinet system develops when a
group of ministers for parliament are link to King
1. How was England controlled during this time?2. Give a point-by-point breakdown of the key
events of the Civil War3. What was Charles I tried for? What happened
to him?4. What did the Barebones Government ban?5. What post did the people want Cromwell to
take? Why is that ironic?6. What happened to the government after his
death? What changes were made?