2011 Storage Developer Conference. © Insert Your Company Name. All Rights Reserved.
Enhance NAND to Expand Enterprise SSD Market
Esther SpanjerSMART Modular Technologies
2011 Storage Developer Conference. © Insert Your Company Name. All Rights Reserved.
Enterprise SSD Market History
2011
2007
Application Performance
• “0” Latency• Application
acceleration • Replace short-
stroked 15K RPM HDD
• FC/PCIe
20073.5” FC, 256GB SLC52K/18K IOPS
PCIe, 320GB SLC100K IOPS
Endurance
Cost
2011 Storage Developer Conference. © Insert Your Company Name. All Rights Reserved.
TCO Model Drove Early Adoption in the Enterprise SLC Flash
Virtual Machine
Server/Boot
OLTP
OLAP
Cloud Storage
eCommerce
Transaction Processing
Performance
Endurance
2011 Storage Developer Conference. © Insert Your Company Name. All Rights Reserved.
Enterprise SSD Market History
2011
2007
Application Performance
• “0” Latency• Application
acceleration • Replace short-
stroked 15K RPM HDD
• FC/PCIe
Server/Cloud Computing
• 80/20 Workload• Improved server I/O• Boot and cache• Price sensitive• SATA
Storage Tieringaccelerates
usage of SSDs
2008/92.5” SATA, 160GB MLC35K/0.6-8.6K IOPS
Endurance
Cost
20073.5” FC, 256GB SLC52K/18K IOPS
PCIe, 320GB SLC100K IOPS
Endurance
Cost
2011 Storage Developer Conference. © Insert Your Company Name. All Rights Reserved.
“Read Mostly” MLC SSD’s are Driving Boot and Entry Server Adoption
Server/Boot
OLTP
eCommerce
Virtual Machine
Transaction Processing
OLAP
Cloud Storage
Performance
2011 Storage Developer Conference. © Insert Your Company Name. All Rights Reserved.
Enterprise market: SLC vs MLC
Market Data
Source: Gartner/SMART
0%
10%
20%
30%
40%
50%
60%
70%
80%
90%
100%
2009 2010 2011 2012 2013 2014 2015
Ent
erpr
ise
SS
D U
nits
by
Flas
h Ty
pe (%
) SLC
E-MLC
MLC
8LC
MLC growth fueled by cost-efficient Entry Server SSD for Server/Cloud computing market
2011 Storage Developer Conference. © Insert Your Company Name. All Rights Reserved.
Enterprise SSD Market History
7
2011
2007
Application Performance
• “0” Latency• Application
acceleration • Replace short-
stroked 15K RPM HDD
• FC/PCIe
Server/Cloud Computing
• 80/20 Workload• Improved server I/O• Boot and cache• Price sensitive• SATA
MainstreamStorage
• 60/40 Workload• Unconstrained use
model• Performance,
reliability & endurance is key
• SATA/SAS
20073.5” FC, 256GB SLC52K/18K IOPS
PCIe, 320GB SLC100K IOPS
Endurance
Cost
20102.5” SATA/SAS 400GB E-MLC30K/30K IOPS
Endurance
Cost
2008/92.5” SATA, 160GB MLC35K/0.6-8.6K IOPS
Endurance
Cost
2011 Storage Developer Conference. © Insert Your Company Name. All Rights Reserved.
Need all the Pieces of the Puzzle to Drive Mainstream Adoption
Virtual Machine
Server/Boot
OLTP
OLAP
Cloud Storage
eCommerce
Transaction Processing
Performance
Endurance
2011 Storage Developer Conference. © Insert Your Company Name. All Rights Reserved.
The Conventional Media Paradox
100K
10K
1K
100
10
1
0.1
0.011990 1995 2000 2005 2010 2015
$GB
NAND flash roadmap continues to drive down cost…
…But NAND scaling makes it difficult for adoption in Enterprise applications
NAND
DRAM
DesktopHDD
EnterpriseHDD
7x nm 5x nm 3x nm 2x nm
ECC Requirements
Endurance
2011 Storage Developer Conference. © Insert Your Company Name. All Rights Reserved.
Solving the Media Paradox with Innovation
Mai
nstr
eam
Wor
kloa
d0.7 1.0 7 10 25 50
Random Drive Writes Per Day (by segment)Entry Mainstream Max Performance
Flash Cost(by media type)
SLC
eMLC
cMLCEndurance Enhancements
x14
Read MostlyApplications
Sustained performance for 5 years(800GB, 80K IOPS, 70/30 mix)
2011 Storage Developer Conference. © Insert Your Company Name. All Rights Reserved.
SSD Level Opportunities
• Enhance MLC Flash life• Do not use standard flash settings• Advanced Signal Processing• Flash aggregation Take advantage of
population statistics
• Ensure enterprise reliability (BER 10-17)• Full Data Path Protection• Data Fail Recovery• Enhanced Error Correction
• Ensure 24x7 operation• Backup Power circuitry
DO NOT ATTEMPT TO ADJUST FLASH
SETTINGS WITHOUT DATA & EXPERIENCE
2011 Storage Developer Conference. © Insert Your Company Name. All Rights Reserved.
SSD Level Opportunities
• Enhance MLC Flash life• Do not use standard flash settings• Advanced Signal Processing• Flash aggregation Take advantage of
population statistics
• Ensure enterprise reliability (BER 10-17)• Full Data Path Protection• Data Fail Recovery• Enhanced Error Correction
• Ensure 24x7 operation• Backup Power circuitry
DO NOT ATTEMPT TO ADJUST FLASH
SETTINGS WITHOUT DATA & EXPERIENCE
2011 Storage Developer Conference. © Insert Your Company Name. All Rights Reserved.
Aggregated Flash Management
13
PE CyclesComponent Level
Endurance
SSD Level
Endurance
Guarantee Full Distribution
Flash Aggregation utilizes average endurance of
all parts in SSD
IncreasedEndurance
Take advantage of population statistics
Analogous to variable density techniques in HDD
Aggregate capability >> capability of each component
2011 Storage Developer Conference. © Insert Your Company Name. All Rights Reserved.
Advanced Signal Processing:Program / Erase Optimization
Voltage
Retention
120
3
Voltage
Tuning all Flash ParametersAt “T0” Requires SignificantEndurance Tradeoff’s
End
uran
ce
Retention
120
3E
ndur
ance
T0
Tuning Flash parameters Throughout the SSD’s LifeAllows Optimal Tradeoff’s
Maximizing Endurance RequiresTuning Many “Conflicting” Parameters in the FLASH
2011 Storage Developer Conference. © Insert Your Company Name. All Rights Reserved.
SSD Design Development
Flash Flash Characterization
• Internal parameter tuning technologies• Acceleration technologies• Component Endurance Demonstration
SSDEnduranceCapabilityDemoParameters
Optimized
SSD FW & HW Features
2011 Storage Developer Conference. © Insert Your Company Name. All Rights Reserved.
Flash Characterization Testers
2011 Storage Developer Conference. © Insert Your Company Name. All Rights Reserved.
The Storage Approach to Endurance
5 years 5 years
Storage Model
Flash Settings
2011 Storage Developer Conference. © Insert Your Company Name. All Rights Reserved.
SSD Level Opportunities
• Enhance MLC Flash life• Do not use standard flash settings• Advanced Signal Processing• Flash aggregation Take advantage of
population statistics
• Ensure enterprise reliability (BER 10-17)• Full Data Path Protection• Data Fail Recovery• Enhanced Error Correction
• Ensure 24x7 operation• Backup Power circuitry
DO NOT ATTEMPT TO ADJUST FLASH
SETTINGS WITHOUT DATA & EXPERIENCE
2011 Storage Developer Conference. © Insert Your Company Name. All Rights Reserved.
Reliability Features
Correctable ErrorsSolution: ECC
6-bit55-bit BCH
9X more
Client SSD EnterpriseSSD
ECC (higher is better)
Uncorrectable ErrorsSolution: Data Fail Recovery
10-1610-18
100X better
JEDEC 64.8
Enterprise SSD
BER (lower is better)
CRC32
Undetected ErrorsSolution: End-to-End CRC
Flash
ECC
Buffer Mgr
Buffer
CRCGen
CRCCnfrm
End-to-end Protection
Read LBA
2011 Storage Developer Conference. © Insert Your Company Name. All Rights Reserved.
SSD Level Opportunities
• Enhance MLC Flash life• Do not use standard flash settings• Advanced Signal Processing• Flash aggregation Take advantage of
population statistics
• Ensure enterprise reliability (BER 10-17)• Full Data Path Protection• Data Fail Recovery• Enhanced Error Correction
• Ensure 24x7 operation• Backup Power circuitry
DO NOT ATTEMPT TO ADJUST FLASH
SETTINGS WITHOUT DATA & EXPERIENCE
2011 Storage Developer Conference. © Insert Your Company Name. All Rights Reserved.
BackUp Power Cicuitry
Discrete Cap Hold Up Circuitry
• High Reliability• Tantalum technology• Rated at 85˚C• No degradation over time• Failure Mode is open
Supercap Hold Up Circuitry
• Technology susceptible to rapid failure at higher temperatures
• High failure rate • Degradation over time and with
elevated temperatures
2011 Storage Developer Conference. © Insert Your Company Name. All Rights Reserved.
MainstreamStorage
• 60/40 Workload• Unconstrained use
model• Performance,
reliability & endurance is key
• SATA/SAS
20102.5” SATA/SAS 400GB E-MLC30/30K IOPS
2008/92.5” SATA, 160GB MLC35K/8.6K IOPS
One year makes a huge difference: 2010 2011
2011
2007
20073.5” FC, 256GB SLC52/18K IOPS
PCIe, 320GB SLC100K IOPS
Application Performance• “0” Latency• Application
acceleration • Replace short-
stroked 15K RPM HDD
• FC/PCIe PCIe/SAS
Server/Cloud Computing
• 80/20 Workload• Improved server I/O• Boot and cache• Price sensitive• SATA
Endurance
Cost
Endurance
Cost
Endurance
Cost
20112.5” SAS 1.6TB MLC100K/50K IOPS
20112.5” SATA 600GB MLC35K/0.6K-23K IOPS
20113.5”/2.5” SAS, 400GB SLC, 80K/45K IOPS
PCIe, 320GB SLC120K IOPS
Endurance
Cost
Endurance
Cost
Endurance
Cost
2011 Storage Developer Conference. © Insert Your Company Name. All Rights Reserved.
Huge Changes in the Market!
23
FC SATA SAS
3.5” 2.5”
SLC E-MLC MLC
256GB 1.6TB
52K/17K IOPS SLC 100K/50K IOPS MLC
2011
2007
Endurance
Cost
Endurance
Cost
2011 Storage Developer Conference. © Insert Your Company Name. All Rights Reserved.
SMART’s Guardian TechnologyEnabling MLC in Enterprise
FlashGuardEnhance Flash Life
DataGuardEnsure data integrity
EverGuard
24x7
Advanced Signal
Processing
Aggregated Flash
ManagementData Path Protection
F.R.A.M.E. Technology
Backup Power
Circuitry
2011 Storage Developer Conference. © Insert Your Company Name. All Rights Reserved.
0
2,000
4,000
6,000
8,000
10,000
12,000
2007 2008 2009 2010 2011 2012 2013 2014 2015
(in K
Uni
ts)
Inflection Point
Enterprise SSD Market
Source: Gartner/SMART
Market Growth Fueled by Cost-effective Enterprise Class SSD
2011 Storage Developer Conference. © Insert Your Company Name. All Rights Reserved.
Thank you!
26
Enhance NAND to Expand Enterprise SSD MarketEnterprise SSD Market HistoryTCO Model Drove Early Adoption in the Enterprise SLC FlashEnterprise SSD Market History“Read Mostly” MLC SSD’s are Driving Boot and Entry Server AdoptionEnterprise market: SLC vs MLCEnterprise SSD Market HistoryNeed all the Pieces of the Puzzle to Drive Mainstream AdoptionThe Conventional Media ParadoxSolving the Media Paradox with InnovationSSD Level OpportunitiesSSD Level OpportunitiesAggregated Flash ManagementAdvanced Signal Processing:�Program / Erase OptimizationSSD Design DevelopmentFlash Characterization TestersThe Storage Approach to EnduranceSSD Level OpportunitiesReliability FeaturesSSD Level OpportunitiesBackUp Power CicuitryOne year makes a huge difference: �2010 2011Huge Changes in the Market!SMART’s Guardian Technology�Enabling MLC in EnterpriseInflection PointSlide Number 26