EPNES MeetingEPNES Meeting
February 4, 2003February 4, 2003
PSpice Simulation of Series and Parallel PSpice Simulation of Series and Parallel
SwitchesSwitches Simulation ObjectivesSimulation Objectives
Create M x N matrix of switches and transient Create M x N matrix of switches and transient protection circuitsprotection circuits
Evaluate and test different methods of Evaluate and test different methods of interconnecting the parallel stringsinterconnecting the parallel stringsDesign switch and snubber circuitsDesign switch and snubber circuitsLoad modelingLoad modelingConstruct a robust system to simulate errors in Construct a robust system to simulate errors in
component values and asynchronous component values and asynchronous switchingswitchingBuild hierarchical blocks to provide easy Build hierarchical blocks to provide easy manipulation of switchesmanipulation of switches
Connection MethodsConnection Methods
M x N switch matrix with RCD voltage snubbersM x N switch matrix with RCD voltage snubbers
Connection MethodsConnection Methods
Isolated String Isolated String Cross Bridge Cross Bridge
Switch and Snubber DesignSwitch and Snubber Design
Switching specifications:Switching specifications: On-State Resistance:On-State Resistance: .4 ohms.4 ohms Off-State Resistance: Off-State Resistance: 100 Meg- ohms100 Meg- ohms Operating Voltage:Operating Voltage: 1.9v1.9v Release Voltage: Release Voltage: .7V.7V Turn-on Time:Turn-on Time: 1ms1ms Turn-off Time:Turn-off Time: .2ms.2ms
Switch and Snubber DesignSwitch and Snubber Design
Turn-off Snubber Turn-off Snubber Turn-on SnubberTurn-on Snubber
Load ModelingLoad Modeling Load Specifications:Load Specifications:
400 Vdc supply400 Vdc supply 10,000 watt load10,000 watt load
Method 1:Method 1: Assume RL load with a Assume RL load with a
power factor of 86% power factor of 86% lagging.lagging.
Method 2:Method 2: Construct a 10kW Construct a 10kW
constant-power steady-constant-power steady-state loadstate load RL loadRL load
Constant-Power LoadConstant-Power Load
Hierarchical Block ConstructionHierarchical Block Construction
Hierarchical Block ConstructionHierarchical Block Construction
Hierarchical Block ConstructionHierarchical Block Construction
Hierarchical Block ConstructionHierarchical Block Construction
Hierarchical Block ConstructionHierarchical Block Construction
Hierarchical Block ConstructionHierarchical Block Construction
4x64 Switch Cross Bridge Simulation:4x64 Switch Cross Bridge Simulation:Synchronized switchingSynchronized switching
4x64 Switch Cross Bridge Simulation:4x64 Switch Cross Bridge Simulation:Asynchronized switchingAsynchronized switching
4x64 Switch Cross Bridge Simulation:4x64 Switch Cross Bridge Simulation:Asynchronized switchingAsynchronized switchingParallel Switch CurrentsParallel Switch Currents
4x64 Switch Isolated String Simulation:4x64 Switch Isolated String Simulation:Synchronized switchingSynchronized switching
4x64 Switch Isolated String Simulation:4x64 Switch Isolated String Simulation:Asynchronized switchingAsynchronized switching
Future GoalsFuture Goals
Verify simulated systems (on a smaller Verify simulated systems (on a smaller scale) with actual experimental datascale) with actual experimental data
Source impedance modelingSource impedance modeling Finalize load modelFinalize load model Analysis of system during switch failureAnalysis of system during switch failure Analytical model of system behaviorAnalytical model of system behavior
ReferencesReferences
H. A. C. Tilmans, E. Fullin, H. Ziad, “A fully-packaged electro-H. A. C. Tilmans, E. Fullin, H. Ziad, “A fully-packaged electro-magnetic microrelay,” magnetic microrelay,” www.csem.ch/detailed/pdf/c_mems99.pdfwww.csem.ch/detailed/pdf/c_mems99.pdf
N. Mohan, T. Undeland, W. Robbins, N. Mohan, T. Undeland, W. Robbins, Power Electronics,Power Electronics, John Wiley John Wiley and Sons, New York, 1995.and Sons, New York, 1995.