• Evaluate the causes of the 30 Years War
• Chronicle the stages of the 30 Years War
• Analyze the political and religious reasons for countries entering the 30 Years War
• Evaluate the effects of the 30 Years war on Europe
• Hapsburg Austria will go on a religious mission (just like who?)
• As the bullies try to use force to get their way, what can the little kids do?– What is created
afterward?– And possibly a new
______ is created too!!
1618 1623 1628 1633 1638 1643 1648
|_____________|_____________|_____________|_____________|_____________|_____________|
• Timeframe ↓• Motives for fighting in
the war will change over time• Early motives…• Late motives…
• “Last War of Religion”• Revolves around
what country?
• HRE = 300+ states• Who has the
Political (and Religious) power over/in the HRE? (2)–Nobles?–Holy Roman
Emperor?– How is he picked?
–Ethnically United?
• How many religions?
• Who has Religious power over each “state’s” religion?
• How is the map evolving religiously
Princes can
choose 2 religions for their lands…
Calvinism is NOT INCLUDED
But by 1618, there are many more Calvinists in the HRE…
Why is it the “Peace” of Augsburg?
• 1563, Council of Trent ends
• What has gone on and continues to go on for decades after the Council of Trent?
• Why can this be a problem?
• Austrian Empire (Hapsburgs)–want
politically and religiously unified HRE
• German Nobles–Want to stay
independent politically & religiously
–Status quo
• Hapsburg Ferdinand II– King x3, Emperor,
Archduke• Educated by Jesuits!!!• __________ Catholic• Sounds a lot like
someone else we’ve learned
• Bohemian nobles (mostly Protestant) accept Ferdinand II as their king
• Ferdinand II begins to do what Phillip II did to the Netherlands
• Nobles =
• The act of throwing a person or thing out of a window
• May 1618 - Protestant nobles threw 3 Royal Officials (of Ferdinand II) out of a Castle Window in Prague, Bohemia.
• What do the Bohemian nobles do?
• What does HRE do?
1. Bohemian Phase (1618-1625)2. Danish Phase (1625-1629)3. Swedish Phase (1629-1635)4. Franco-Swedish Phase (1635-1648)
• 1618-1625• Nobles back
Frederick V of Palatinate
• Ferdinand
wins…– Takes land
from Bohemian nobles and declares Bohemia Catholic
• Spain wins some land too
• Now who feels pressure?
• 1625-1629• Denmark’s
motives to join the German Nobles?
• Denmark drops out– And loses land
to the Hapsburgs
• March 1629, Edict of Restitution
• Now who feels pressure?
Second Half of the War Begins
• 1629-1635• Sweden’s
motives?• 2 countries
give $$• France?!?!?!?
• Avoid Hapsburg suffocation
• And create something..
• Sweden led by King Gustavus Adolphus– KIA 1632
• Edict of Restitution?
• Revolution?• Old?• New?• Cavalry?
• 1635-1648– 14 years of
murder & mayhem in the HRE!!
• France’s motives?
• France goes on a rampage– Pummels Spain– Invades South
Germany…huh?• 2 Independence
Movements succeed
• Peasants Revolts throughout the war
• Everyone is exhausted from war
Two Treaties to create overall peace in Europe
• Nobles– HRE still 300+
independent states– Nobles have the
power!!• Gov, Coinage,
Religion, Foreign Policy
– Peace of Augsburg?• Calvinism now
allowed for princes
• 200 years of Disunity!! (so?)
• 30 years of fighting in a country will do what to it??– Millions of Germans
(1/4 HRE pop) killed– German Towns and
farmland pillaged and destroyed
– Hans Grimmelshausen story
• German States all can
choose their religions– Lutheran North– Calvinist Middle– Catholic South
• Politiques were right!!• Religion is now a matter
of personal choice– What was it before?
• Europe progresses at a cost
• Closing Question• Title = Lessons
from WoR• What lessons did
you learn from the WoR stories?
• What lessons do you think are learned in 1650 by Europe?
• Is this a dead story?
