PGampErsquos Emerging Technologies Program ET13PGE1063
Evaluation of High Efficiency Lighting for New California Homes ET Project Number ET13PGE1063
Project Manager Stu Tartaglia Pacific Gas and Electric Company Prepared By California Lighting Technology Center University of California - Davis 633 Pena Drive Davis CA 95618
Issued June 19 2015
Copyright 2015 Pacific Gas and Electric Company All rights reserved
PGampErsquos Emerging Technologies Program ET13PGE1063
ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS Pacific Gas and Electric Companyrsquos Emerging Technologies Program is responsible for this project It was developed as part of Pacific Gas and Electric Companyrsquos Emerging Technology ndash Technology Assessment program under internal project number ET13PGE1063 The University of California Davis ndash California Lighting Technology Center conducted this technology evaluation for Pacific Gas and Electric Company with overall guidance and management from Stu Tartaglia For more information on this project contact set2pgecom
LEGAL NOTICE This report was prepared for Pacific Gas and Electric Company for use by its employees and agents Neither Pacific Gas and Electric Company nor any of its employees and agents
(1) makes any written or oral warranty expressed or implied including but not limited to those concerning merchantability or fitness for a particular purpose
(2) assumes any legal liability or responsibility for the accuracy completeness or usefulness of any information apparatus product process method or policy contained herein or
(3) represents that its use would not infringe any privately owned rights including but not limited to patents trademarks or copyrights
i
PGampErsquos Emerging Technologies Program ET13PGE1063
ABBREVIATIONS AND ACRONYMS
AGi32 Lighting Design Software by Lighting Analysts
AHE All High-Efficacy
CAHP California Advanced Home Program
CCT Correlated Color Temperature
CRI Color Rendering Index
Commission California Energy Commission
DEG Davis Energy Group
IES Illuminating Engineering Society
LED Light-Emitting Diode
Title 24 California Building Energy Efficiency Standards
PGampE Pacific Gas and Electric Company
Wsf Watts per square foot
ii
PGampErsquos Emerging Technologies Program ET13PGE1063
FIGURES Figure 1 Typical First Floor Electrical Plan of a Two-Story Home 14
Figure 2 Typical Second Floor Electrical Plan of a Two-Story Home 15
Figure 3 Typical Electrical Plan of a One-Story Home 16
Figure 4 Residential Kitchen Rendering with All High-Efficacy Lighting 17
Figure 5 Residential Living and Dining Room Rendering with All High-Efficacy Lighting 18
Figure 6 Multi-Family Home Building Plan 18
Figure 7 Installation Schematic of Energy Logging Equipment 21
Figure 8 Wathen Castanos Single-Family Home Floor plan 1622 24
Figure 9 NorthWest Single-Family home Floor plan 2205 26
Figure 10 Meritage First Floor Single-Family Home Floor plan 3085 28
Figure 11 Meritage Second Floor Single-Family Home Floor plan 3085 29
Figure 12 Heritage Commons Multi-Family Home Building Plan 31
Figure 13 AHE Lighting System Installation in Kitchen 33
Figure 14 AHE Lighting System Installation in Living Room 34
Figure 15 AHE Lighting System Installation in Bathroom 35
Figure 16 Total Daily Energy Use for Wathen Castanos 1622 Demonstration Home 48
Figure 17 Weekly Energy Use for Wathen Castanos 1622 Demonstration Home 48
Figure 18 Energy Use Per Day over Monitoring Period Duration 49
Figure 19 Total Energy Use for NorthWest Homes 2205 Demonstration Home 50
Figure 20 Weekly Cumulative Energy Use for NorthWest Homes 2205 Demonstration Home 51
Figure 21 Energy Use Per Day over Monitoring Period Duration 52
Figure 22 Total Energy Use for Meritage 3085 Demonstration Home 53
Figure 23 Weekly Cumulative Energy Use for Meritage 3085 Demonstration Home 54
Figure 24 Energy Use Per Day over Monitoring Period Duration 55
iii
PGampErsquos Emerging Technologies Program ET13PGE1063
TABLES Table 1 Summary Lighting Energy Use of AHE Lighting Systems 2
Table 2 High-efficacy and Low-efficacy Lamps and LuminairesError Bookmark not defined
Table 3 Minimum luminaire efficacy for high-efficacy complianceError Bookmark not defined
Table 4 Residential lighting use by socket percentageError Bookmark not defined
Table 5 Single Family Home AHE Lighting Design 9
Table 6 Multi- Family Home AHE Lighting Design 10
Table 7 Lighting for Residences per IES Handbook 10th Edition 13
Table 8 Photometric Performance Characterization 19
Table 9 Specified Monitoring Equipment 20
Table 10 Wathen Castanos 1622 AHE Lighting Design and Load Reduction over 2008 Title 24 Compliant Design 25
Table 11 NorthWest Homes 2205 AHE Lighting Design and Load Reduction over 2008 Title 24 Compliant Design 27
Table 12 Meritage 3085 AHE Lighting Design and Load Reduction over 2008 Title 24 Compliant Design 30
Table 13 Multi- Family Home AHE Lighting Design and Load Reduction over 2008 Title 24 Compliant Design 32
Table 14 Wathen Castanos 1622 AHE Light Source Cost Information 36
Table 15 NorthWest Homes 2205 AHE Light Source Cost Information 37
Table 16 Meritage 3085 AHE Light Source Cost Information 38
Table 17 Wathen Castanos 1622 Measured Illuminance 46
Table 18 Summary of Calculated and Measured Lighting Energy Use 47
iv
PGampErsquos Emerging Technologies Program ET13PGE1063
CONTENTS ABBREVIATIONS AND ACRONYMS ___________________ ERROR BOOKMARK NOT DEFINED FIGURES ______________________________________ ERROR BOOKMARK NOT DEFINED TABLES _______________________________________ ERROR BOOKMARK NOT DEFINED CONTENTS ____________________________________ ERROR BOOKMARK NOT DEFINED EXECUTIVE SUMMARY ____________________________ ERROR BOOKMARK NOT DEFINED INTRODUCTION __________________________________________________________ 3 BACKGROUND __________________________________________________________ 3 CURRENT BUILDING CODE _________________________________________________ 3 INSTALLED RESIDENTIAL LIGHTING ____________________________________________ 5 CURRENT LIGHTING DESIGN PRACTICES _______________________________________ 6 LIGHTING MARKET SURVEY _________________________________________________ 8 EMERGING PRODUCT _____________________________________________________ 8 TECHNOLOGY ASSESSMENT ________________________________________________ 11 TECHNICAL APPROACH __________________________________________________ 11 MARKET SURVEY ________________________________________________________ 11 SITE SELECTION _________________________________________________________ 12 LIGHTING DESIGN _______________________________________________________ 12 LIGHTING SYSTEM INSTALLATION ____________________________________________ 19 SYSTEM MONITORING ____________________________________________________ 19 PHOTOMETRIC PERFORMANCE _____________________________________________ 19 BUILDER AND HOMEOWNER SURVEY _________________________________________ 20 ENERGY MONITORING ___________________________________________________ 20 DATA PROCESSING AND ANALYSIS __________________________________________ 21 DATA PROCESSING ______________________________________________________ 21 DATA ANALYSIS ________________________________________________________ 22 RESULTS_______________________________________________________________ 23 MARKET SURVEY ________________________________________________________ 23
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PGampErsquos Emerging Technologies Program ET13PGE1063
LIGHTING DESIGN _______________________________________________________ 23 LIGHTING SYSTEM INSTALLATION ____________________________________________ 32 SYSTEM PERFORMANCE EVALUATION ________________________________________ 39 SURVEY RESPONSES______________________________________________________ 39 SYSTEM MONITORING RESULTS _____________________________________________ 44 RECOMMENDATIONS ____________________________________________________ 55 APPENDIX A ndash SURVEY QUESTIONS __________________________________________ 56 APPENDIX B ndash AHE COMPLIANT PRODUCTS ___________________________________ 59 APPENDIX C ndash MEASUREMENT AND DATA COLLECTION EQUIPMENT SPECIFICATIONS ____ 67 APPENDIX D ndash ENERGY USE MONITORING RESULTS _____________________________ 127
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PGampErsquos Emerging Technologies Program ET13PGE1063
EXECUTIVE SUMMARY Current Title 24 Building code requirements call for use of high-efficacy lighting in a limited number of residential space types Builders are allowed to install low efficacy lighting if they also install dimming controls However significant load reduction and energy savings over current code-compliant designs can be achieved through the use of All High-Efficacy (AHE) lighting design practices Currently AHE lighting design practice utilizes application appropriate controls paired with high-quality dimmable light emitting diode (LED) luminaires or GU-24 socketed fixtures paired with GU-24 base LED replacement lamps By current code definition GU-24 base lamps are the only replacement lamps considered high-efficacy while traditional Edison screw-base sockets are considered low-efficacy In addition to limiting the source type to LED only AHE lighting requires a minimum quality standard for interior LED sources requiring a CRI rating of at least 90 and a CCT between 2700 K and 4000 K
PROJECT GOAL This effort identifies best practices for developing a cost-effective AHE residential lighting measure through the evaluation of emerging residential lighting design practices purchasing processes installation practices and the end-user experience associated with AHE lighting To identify the best practices the project team considered current residential lighting products the installed socket base in a typical home industry accepted illuminance recommendations for residential applications and current energy efficiency code compliant design practices
PROJECT DESCRIPTION Emerging residential lighting design practices purchasing processes installation practices and the end-user experience of an AHE lighting system were evaluated through energy monitoring analysis and cost information collected from multiple residential demonstration sites Demonstration data provided a quantitative understanding of the AHE lighting system benefits and barriers and through builder and homeowner surveys a qualitative understanding of the AHE residential lighting measure and user satisfaction
PROJECT RESULTS The California Lighting Technology Center (CLTC) worked with residential home builders to modify their existing lighting designs to include all AHE lighting Based on these lighting designs the estimated residential lighting load reduction achieved by installing AHE lighting packages in new single- and multi-family homes located in PGampE territory is 0 - 61 in comparison to 2008 Title 24 compliant lighting packages provided by participating builders for the same floor plan This ET study started prior to the effective date of the 2013 Title 24 code cycle so this comparison was based on the 2008 Title 24 code In 2010 an average US residence used 1556 kWh annually for lighting with a typical lighting power density of 10 to 14 Watts per square foot A summary of energy use data collected from demonstration sites with AHE lighting systems is provided in Table 1
1
PGampErsquos Emerging Technologies Program ET13PGE1063
TABLE 1 SUMMARY LIGHTING ENERGY USE OF AHE LIGHTING SYSTEMS
Site Livable Square
Footage
Lighting Schedule
Calculated Peak Load (kW)
Measured Peak Lighting Load
(kW)
Lighting Power Density
(LPD)
Calculated Annual Lighting Energy Use
(kWh)
Wathen Castanos 1622 059 046 028 10960
North West Homes 2205 071 062 028 4509
Meritage Homes 3085 112 111 036 13004
The material costs of AHE lighting systems compared to current code compliant lighting systems varied based on residential applications For example the cost of an integrated downlight with housing and trim ring that meets the AHE lighting definition is approximately $36 per unit as compared to the estimated baseline cost of $70 for a compact fluorescent lamp ballast housing and trim ring Both scenarios require equivalent installation costs In addition the cost of AHE lighting components reduced over the course of this project with integrated LED downlights that meet the AHE lighting definition ranging in price from $25 to $50 and LED replacement lamps that meet the AHE lighting definition ranging from $7 to $25 as of the time of this report Builder and homeowner survey results were collected from all three demonstration sites Builder survey results make clear that cost and code requirements are the primary drivers considered during the lighting design process Builder responses note that utility rebate and incentive programs are influential in the lighting design decision making process but less so than Title 24 requirements Compared to other building systems most builders reported lighting as having less than 1 impact on the overall home budget Builders do not anticipate issues regarding end-user adoption of dedicated LED luminaires based on their ldquohigh quality performance and longevity claimsrdquo but do make clear that it is ldquosomewhat difficultrdquo to find Title 24-compliant products for GU-24 integrated LED luminaires quick connect options and track lighting categories in todayrsquos market The majority of the homeowner survey results indicate that the AHE lighting system is either ldquobetterrdquo or ldquothe samerdquo as compared to the lighting in their previous home which was a mixture of linear fluorescent incandescent and compact fluorescent lighting technologies The majority of homeowners were ldquosatisfiedrdquo with the AHE lighting in the kitchen bathroom common living spaces bedrooms and dining room as compared to their previous home Steps were taken to update the lighting to address the ldquoextreme dissatisfactionrdquo with the garage lighting at one demonstration site
PROJECT RECOMMENDATIONS Over the duration of the project the project team identified product availability and cost barriers to the adoption of AHE lighting for residential applications Participating builders unanimously responsed that challenges for builders to be compliant with AHE lighting requirements include the economics associated with AHE lighting products and the limited availability of AHE lighting products that can be quickly purchased at a hardware store For the AHE lighting designs implemented in this study two of the three AHE lighting designs exceeded the typical lighting budget for the builders
2
PGampErsquos Emerging Technologies Program ET13PGE1063
Programmatic recommendations to overcome these barriers if enacted will help increase widespread adoption of AHE systems Lighting systems that comply with the AHE definition range in performance and cost These ranges are predominantly linked to the lighting systemrsquos electrical architecture affecting controls compatibility heat transfer and allowable installation locations system efficiency light quality light output and component cost With recent developments in LED technology and electrical architecture Edison-based replacement lamp performance has improved and cost has reduced dramatically
In addition to fixture integrated and GU-24 socket LED lighting solutions it is recommended that the AHE definition include lighting fixtures installed with Edison sockets and shipped with an Edison base source complying with the high-efficacy high-quality requirements If enacted the increased product availability and reduced cost of the Edison-based LED lamps meeting the high-efficacy high-quality requirements will help overcome barriers to the adoption of AHE lighting for residential applications
INTRODUCTION Current California building energy efficiency standards call for use of high-efficacy lighting in most residential space types however additional load reduction and energy savings can be achieved through the use of an All High-Efficacy (AHE) lighting design practice
Currently AHE lighting design practice utilizes application appropriate controls paired with dimmable high-quality high efficacy light emitting diode (LED) luminaires or high-quality high efficacy GU-24 fixtures paired with GU-24 base LED replacement lamps By current code definition GU-24 base lamps are the only replacement lamps considered high-efficacy while traditional Edison screw-base sockets are considered low-efficacy In addition to limiting the source type to LED only AHE lighting requires a minimum quality standard for interior LED sources requiring a CRI of at least 90 and a CCT between 2700 K and 4000 K Future cycles of standards are expected to continue to increase the requirements for high-efficacy lighting The California Energy Commission recently adopted a residential AHE lighting requirement for the 2016 Title 24 update on June 10 2015 In response to increased development and availability of residential AHE lighting products and their potential for energy savings and lighting quality improvement over current code-compliant lighting systems PGampE is interested in gathering data to inform future changes to building and appliance efficiency standards To achieve this goal verification of market availability lighting load reduction energy savings and system performance is needed to support the residential AHE lighting design practice
BACKGROUND CURRENT BUILDING CODE
The California Energy Commission (Commission) estimates its energy efficiency standards have saved Californians over $74 billion in electricity costs since they were first adopted in
3
PGampErsquos Emerging Technologies Program ET13PGE1063
1975 For homeowners energy efficiency helps ensure that a home is affordable to operate both now and in the future Californiarsquos efficiency standards increase the reliability and availability of electricity thus allowing our electrical system to operate in a more stable manner This benefits Californiarsquos economy as well as the health and well-being of all Californians The Commission adopted the 2013 Building Energy Efficiency Standards (Title 24) on May 31 2012 and the Building Standards Commission approved them for publication on January 11 2013 Applications for building permits submitted on or after July 1 2014 must adhere to the 2013 Title 24 language The 2013 Title 24 standards place a strong emphasis on high-efficacy lighting lighting controls and high performance fenestration products It is expected that future code cycles will continue this trend In order to be considered high-efficacy luminaires must be designed to operate with only energy-efficient light sources GU-24 base lamps are the only replacement lamps considered high-efficacy by definition traditional Edison screw-base sockets are considered low-efficacy Per 2013 Title 24 luminaires and lamps listed in Table 2 are considered either high-efficacy or low-efficacy regardless of measured performance
TABLE 2 HIGH-EFFICACY AND LOW-EFFICACY LAMPS AND LUMINAIRES
Low-efficacy High-efficacy
Mercury vapor lamps Pin-based linear fluorescent or CFLs with electronic ballasts
Line-voltage or low-voltage sockets compatible with any kind of incandescent lamps
Pulse-start metal halide lamps
High-efficacy lamps including screw-base CFLs and LED lamps installed in low-efficacy luminaires
High-pressure sodium lamps
Luminaires using LED light sources not certified to the Commission Induction lamps
Track lighting GU-24 sockets rated for CFLs or LED lamps Lighting systems that allow for conversion between high-efficacy and low-efficacy lighting without changing wiring or housing
Luminaires using LED light sources that have been certified to the Energy Commission
Luminaire housings rated by the manufacturer for use with only LED light engines
4
PGampErsquos Emerging Technologies Program ET13PGE1063
Permanently installed luminaires not included in Table 1 may only be considered high-efficacy if they meet the efficacy requirements of Table 3
TABLE 3 MINIMUM LUMINAIRE EFFICACY FOR HIGH-EFFICACY COMPLIANCE
Luminaire Power Rating Minimum Luminaire Efficacy 5 watts or less 30 lumens per watt
Over 5 watts to 15 watts 45 lumens per watt Over 15 watts to 40 watts 60 lumens per watt Over 40 watts 90 lumens per watt
In addition to increasing requirements for high-efficacy lighting in the home the 2013 Title 24 standards set a minimum quality standard for integral LED luminaires and LED light engines These quality standards can be found in the Joint Appendices (JA) Section 81 LED luminaires must have a CRI of at least 90 to be defined as high efficacy Indoor LED luminaires must have a CCT between 2700K and 4000K Outdoor LED luminaires may have any CCT rating between 2700 K and 5000 K
INSTALLED RESIDENTIAL LIGHTING As of 2010 there were a total of 113153000 residences in the United States2 In these residences 62 of lamps were incandescent 23 were CFLs 10 were linear fluorescent 4 were halogen and less than 1 was other luminaire types including LED replacement lamps and integrated LED luminaires3 About 90-95 of these luminaires are considered low-efficacy under 2013 Title 24 These homes used an average of 46 watts per lamp4 and had about 51 lamps per residence5 only 3 lamps per home incorporated dimming controls6 These lights operate for an average of 18 hours per day averaging 1556 kWh of electricity use a year and have a lighting power density between 10 and 14 watts per square foot of interior space7 There are still a very high number of incandescent lamps in use and most CFL lamps are equipped with screw bases and are considered low-efficacy by Title 24 as shown in Table 4
1 California Energy Commission 2013 Building Energy Efficiency Standards httpwwwenergycagovtitle242013standards 2 US DOE 2010 US Lighting Market Characterization pg 37 table 410 httpapps1eereenergygovbuildingspublicationspdfsssl2010-lmc-final-jan-2012pdf 3 US DOE 2010 US Lighting Market Characterization pg 39 table 412 httpapps1eereenergygovbuildingspublicationspdfsssl2010-lmc-final-jan-2012pdf 4 US DOE 2010 US Lighting Market Characterization pg 40 table 413 httpapps1eereenergygovbuildingspublicationspdfsssl2010-lmc-final-jan-2012pdf 5 US DOE 2010 US Lighting Market Characterization pg 42 table 415 httpapps1eereenergygovbuildingspublicationspdfsssl2010-lmc-final-jan-2012pdf 6 US DOE Residential Lighting End-Use Consumption Study pg 48 table 46 httpapps1eereenergygovbuildingspublicationspdfsssl2012_residential-lighting-studypdf 7 US DOE 2010 US Lighting Market Characterization pg 42 table 415 httpapps1eereenergygovbuildingspublicationspdfsssl2010-lmc-final-jan-2012pdf
5
PGampErsquos Emerging Technologies Program ET13PGE1063
TABLE 4 RESIDENTIAL LIGHTING USE BY SOCKET PERCENTAGE
Room Type Electricity
use per room (kWhyr)
Incandescent CFL Linear
Fluorescent Halogen Other
Total Sockets per Home ()8
Bathroom 242 74 20 3 2 1 18
LivingFamily Room 228 61 29 3 5 1 14
Bedroom 222 67 28 2 3 0 16
Kitchen 215 45 23 22 7 3 13
Exterior 214 59 24 2 14 2 11
Hall 111 72 22 2 4 1 8
Dining Room 105 81 15 1 3 0 6
Garage 69 35 13 51 1 0 5
Office 41 58 27 8 6 0 4
Closet 32 60 20 17 2 0 NA
Basement 28 40 30 28 1 0 NA
OtherUnknown 26 53 17 24 6 0 5
LaundryUtility Room 25 50 19 28 2 0 NA
Current estimates expect a 122 annual growth rate for the square footage of residences9 LEDs are expected to expand their market presence representing 25 of the installed base of lumen-hours by 2020 and 62 by 203010
While the 2013 Title 24 standards are a significant step toward the AHE lighting home there are still allowances for low-efficacy lighting solutions As a result traditional low-efficacy lighting technologies remain a viable option for builders despite rising market availability and performance of high-efficacy solutions Future cycles of Title 24 are expected to continue to increase the requirements for high-efficacy lighting potentially moving to an AHE lighting design
CURRENT LIGHTING DESIGN PRACTICES The project team surveyed residential builders lighting designers and electrical distributors with businesses in PGampE territory to assess the current and anticipated lighting design practices being implemented in residential new construction for the period from 2013 to 2016
Participants in the survey include James Benya of Benya Burnett Consultancy Pam Whitehead of Sage Architecture Katie Lesh of Lumenscom and Adele Chang of Lim Chang Rohling amp Associates The trends gathered in the survey are outlined below
8 Energy Star CFL Market Profile Page 23 Table 11 httpwwwenergystargoviaproductsdownloadsCFL_Market_Profile_2010pdf 9 Navigant Consulting Energy Savings Potential of Solid State Lighting in General Illumination Applications pg 6 httpapps1eereenergygovbuildingspublicationspdfssslssl_energy_savi_ntial_finalpdf 10 US DOE Energy Savings Potential of Solid State Lighting in General Illumination Applications pg 39 httpapps1eereenergygovbuildingspublicationspdfssslssl_energy-savings-report_jan-2012pdf
6
PGampErsquos Emerging Technologies Program ET13PGE1063
bull In most production style homes designers anticipate gradual change out from CFL to LED Today there is a mix of fluorescent and LED being installed as the LED price point is falling
bull Designers anticipate increasing market penetration for LEDs for segments of residential population focused on improved color rendition in interior and exterior applications
bull LED solutions are installed mostly in ambient interior lighting applications such as down lights under cabinet lighting and cove lighting
o High-end homes are more likely to specify four-inch aperture down lights o Built-in lighting fixtures such as down lights are also commonly found in
multi-tenant units as a space saving feature or as an upgrade in single family homes
bull LED solutions are also installed today in niche interior accent lighting such as handrails displays toe kicks
bull LED solutions are installed today in some outdoor applications such as tree up-lights bollards integrated step lights in-water lighting hardscape outlining and other niche lighting
bull LED solutions are trending towards color changing capabilities bull Lighting control systems are becoming prevalent in high-end housing with wireless
solutions allowing for more retrofit market penetration bull From distributorrsquos perspective LEDs are the top seller for todayrsquos residential market bull From the designerrsquos perspective LEDs rarely gets specified due to high price point
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PGampErsquos Emerging Technologies Program ET13PGE1063
LIGHTING MARKET SURVEY The project team completed a product survey and review of current market information to determine the feasibility of implementing an AHE lighting design using existing AHE technologies The lighting fixtures included in this report are appropriate for various space types in the residential application as determined by lighting design principles to achieve application appropriate light levels A sample of lighting fixtures fulfilling the AHE definition (as of September 2014) are included in Appendix B Types of lighting fixtures included are ceiling-mounted recessed ceiling-mounted surface ceiling-mounted suspended wall mounted under cabinet and vanity
EMERGING PRODUCT The AHE lighting design practice utilizes application appropriate controls paired with dimmable light emitting diode (LED) fixtures or GU-24 socketed fixtures paired with GU-24 base LED replacement lamps By current code definition GU-24 base lamps are the only replacement lamps considered high-efficacy while traditional Edison screw-base sockets are considered low-efficacy In addition to limiting the source type to LED only AHE lighting requires a minimum quality standard for interior LED sources requiring a CRI of at least 90 and a CCT between 2700 K and 4000 K Based on floor plans provided by participating builders and results from the lighting product market survey the project team modeled AHE lighting designs to demonstrate the potential for an all AHE lighting design to meet lighting requirements and deliver energy savings as compared to current code-compliant lighting systems The project team conducted design charrettes for both single family (1870 square feet) and multi-family (605 square feet) homes The resulting AHE lighting packages are provided in Table 5 and Table 6 respectively These packages represent a sample of emerging products currently available to meet the AHE requirements
8
PGampErsquos Emerging Technologies Program ET13PGE1063
TABLE 5 SINGLE FAMILY HOME AHE LIGHTING DESIGN
Space Type AHE Fixture Fixture Load (W)
Quantity Total Load (W)
Kitchen Cree CR6 12 6 72
Under cabinet
Unilume 18 2 36
85 1 85
Nook Philips LED Chandelier 225 1 225
Pantry Cree CR6 12 1 12
Great Room Cree CR6 12 4 48
Entry Cree CR6 12 2 24
Hallways Cree CR6 12 3 36
Office Cree CR6 12 1 12
Bathroom 2 GU-24 Vanity with Illumis
Lamps 137 3 411
Water Closet Cree CR6 12 1 12
Bedroom 2 Cree CR6 12 2 24
Bedroom 3 Cree CR6 12 2 24
Coat Closet Cree CR6 12 1 12
Utility Room Cree CS14 38 1 38
Garage Cree CS14 38 1 38
Porch Cree CR6 12 6 72
Exterior Wall Sconce Borden 774 LED 14 4 56
Master Bedroom Cree CR6 12 4 48
Master Closet Cree CS14 38 1 38
Master Bathroom
GU-24 Vanity with Illumis
Lamps 137 3 411
Cree CR6 12 2 24
Water Closet Cree CR6 12 1 12
TOTAL 7512
9
PGampErsquos Emerging Technologies Program ET13PGE1063
TABLE 6 MULTI- FAMILY HOME AHE LIGHTING DESIGN
Space Type AHE Fixture
Fixture Load (W)
Fixture Quantity
Total Load (W)
Kitchen Cree CR6 12 4 48
Dining Philips Ledino Pendant
225 1 225
Entry Cree CR6 12 1 12
Bath GU-24 Vanity with Illumis
Lamps 137 3 411
Cree CR6 12 1 12
Exterior Wall Sconce Borden 774 14 1 14
TOTAL (W) 1496
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PGampErsquos Emerging Technologies Program ET13PGE1063
TECHNOLOGY ASSESSMENT
The project team evaluated the residential lighting design purchasing process installation and end-user experience associated with AHE lighting systems through quantitative and qualitative analysis The technical approach employs the use of a product and market survey field deployments in PGampE territory and demonstration system performance evaluations Builder and homeowner end-user surveys provided a qualitative understanding of the AHE lighting measure and user satisfaction The quantitative evaluation included energy monitoring and cost information collection for AHE lighting systems installed at the residential demonstration sites In addition this report includes identified barriers and required next steps necessary for development of energy efficiency programs targeting residential lighting energy savings
TECHNICAL APPROACH This effort identifies best practices for developing a cost-effective AHE residential lighting measure through the evaluation of emerging residential lighting design practices purchasing processes installation practices and the end-user experience associated with AHE lighting The project team considered the following criteria to identify the best practices current residential lighting market offerings industry accepted illuminance recommendations for residential applications current energy efficiency code compliant design practices and installed sockets in the typical residential home The project team installed AHE lighting systems in three new homes where builder and homeowner feedback was gathered regarding the lighting The project team collected lighting system performance and energy use data
The project team conducted the technical approach to evaluate the AHE lighting system in six parts the confirmation of commercially available AHE lighting products through a market survey demonstration site selection development of AHE lighting designs for selected demonstration sites installation of AHE lighting systems at demonstration sites monitoring of AHE lighting system performance and the reduction and analysis of the collected performance data
MARKET SURVEY The project team implemented a survey to collect current market information regarding the feasibility of implementing an AHE lighting design with commercially available lighting products Steps were taken to review all publically available residential lighting manufacturer literature through dialogues with manufacturers about their current and future AHE lighting product offerings examination of manufacturer websites and discussions with distributors in PGampE territory The project team updated the fixture survey over the course
11
PGampErsquos Emerging Technologies Program ET13PGE1063
of this effort allowing for analysis of cost and performance trends of AHE lighting products A copy of the complete market survey is provided in the appendices
SITE SELECTION Davis Energy Group (DEG) identified residential builders in PGampE territory during the summer of 2013 DEG used the following methods to identify builder candidates and encourage participation webinar presentation of opportunity to PGampE California Advanced Home Program (CAHP) builders and other attendees leveraging DEGrsquos participation in LEED for Homes in California and DOE Building America to discuss participation with other member organizations and outreach activities with the builder utility and code compliance community Of the identified builders the project team prioritized those who were willing to install AHE lighting systems and participate in the associated installation survey experience The project team required participating builders to sell select AHE homes to homeowners willing to comply with up to one year of site monitoring and participation in a survey to evaluate their satisfaction with the AHE lighting system The project team incentivized builders who adhered to these criteria to install the AHE lighting systems Builders provided electrical plans to the project team to allow for the AHE lighting system design update At the time of the design builders submitted plans that adhered to 2008 Title 24 code requirements Residential builders that declined to participate in advanced measures including AHE lighting systems for their new construction homes cited varying reasons including concern that the systems would be a lsquodistractionrsquo no interest in new building methods and not being lsquokeen on utility programsrsquo One builder provided insight into the industry as of July 7 2013 saying ldquoUnderstand that the timing of this could not be worse for you with new home construction on the rebound ALL builders are stretched at the moment and labor and material shortages are starting to hit across the nation
LIGHTING DESIGN Using lighting design software (AGi32) to create a model of a two-story home the project team simulated AHE lighting system performance to confirm that it could provide application appropriate illumination levels The project team referenced the Illuminating Engineering Society (IES) recommended light levels for this work by space type per IES Handbook 10th Edition shown in Table 7 Wathen Castanos Hybrid Homes Inc a builder participant in this study provided the representative two-story floor plans shown in Figures 1 and 2 Figure 3 shows a typical floor plan for a one-story home also provided by Wathen Castanos Hybrid Homes Inc
12
PGampErsquos Emerging Technologies Program ET13PGE1063
TABLE 7 LIGHTING FOR RESIDENCES PER IES HANDBOOK 10TH EDITION
Application and Task
Horizontal Illuminance
Target (Avg fc)
Vertical Illuminance
Target (Avg fc)
Notes
Living Room 3 3 E_h floor
E_v 4AFF
Dining Room
Formal 5 2 E_h table plane E_v 4AFF
Informal 10 4 E_h table plane E_v 4AFF
Study Use 20 5 E_h table plane E_v 4AFF
Kitchen
Breakfast Area 20 5 E_h eating surfaces
E_v 4AFF
Cabinets - 5 E_v face of cabinets
Cooktops 30 5 E_h cooking surfaces
General 5 - E_h floor
Preparation Counters 50 75 E_h prep surfaces
Sinks 30 5 E_h top of sink
13
PGampErsquos Emerging Technologies Program ET13PGE1063
FIGURE 1 TYPICAL FIRST FLOOR ELECTRICAL PLAN OF A TWO-STORY HOME
14
PGampErsquos Emerging Technologies Program ET13PGE1063
FIGURE 2 TYPICAL SECOND FLOOR ELECTRICAL PLAN OF A TWO-STORY HOME
15
PGampErsquos Emerging Technologies Program ET13PGE1063
FIGURE 3 TYPICAL ELECTRICAL PLAN OF A ONE-STORY HOME
16
PGampErsquos Emerging Technologies Program ET13PGE1063
The project team modeled the AHE lighting design that best achieved recommended light levels fully for the living room dining room and kitchen Figure 4 and Figure 5 show renderings of the residential dwelling designed to light levels called out in Table 7 This design resulted in a lighting power density of 02 Watts per square foot (Wsf) for the living room 023 Wsf for the dining room and 050 Wsf for the kitchen
FIGURE 4 RESIDENTIAL KITCHEN RENDERING WITH ALL HIGH-EFFICACY LIGHTING
17
PGampErsquos Emerging Technologies Program ET13PGE1063
FIGURE 5 RESIDENTIAL LIVING AND DINING ROOM RENDERING WITH ALL HIGH-EFFICACY LIGHTING
The project team also evaluated the potential of an AHE design for a multi-family home The multi-family-home building plans provided by builder participants include specifications for dedicated socket types but did not specify source wattages A copy of this floor plan is provided in Figure 6
FIGURE 6 MULTI-FAMILY HOME BUILDING PLAN
18
PGampErsquos Emerging Technologies Program ET13PGE1063
LIGHTING SYSTEM INSTALLATION Participating builders installed site specific AHE lighting designs No issues were encountered during the installation of the AHE lighting designs Builders anecdotally reported that AHE lighting components are similar if not the same to install as legacy products The project team conducted site visits to verify correct operation of the lighting system and assess the electrical service architecture for use in finalizing the measurement and verification plan
SYSTEM MONITORING The project team collected data on the photometric performance energy consumption and builder and homeowner satisfaction with the AHE lighting systems The tools and methods employed to collect data are provided in the following sections Copies of builder and homeowner surveys are included in Appendix A of this report and the responses are provided in the results section
PHOTOMETRIC PERFORMANCE The project team characterized the photometric performance of the installed AHE lighting systems using recommended practices from the Illuminating Engineering Societyrsquos The Lighting Handbook Tenth Edition The Lighting for Residential Applications chapter references target residential applications and tasks with specific lighting requirements The project team collected illuminance data for the living room kitchen and dining room applications and compared it to recommended residential illuminance target values provided in Table 7 Equipment used to gather illuminance data is provided in Table 8
TABLE 8 PHOTOMETRIC PERFORMANCE CHARACTERIZATION
Measurement Manufacturer Model Image
Illuminance (footcandles fc) Konica Minolta T-10A
19
PGampErsquos Emerging Technologies Program ET13PGE1063
BUILDER AND HOMEOWNER SURVEY To capture builder and homeowner end-user experiences with the AHE lighting systems demonstrated in this project the project team developed survey tools to collect feedback in a rigorous manner The results of the surveys will be used to better understand barriers to market adoption of AHE lighting systems Copies of each survey are included in Appendix A
ENERGY MONITORING The project team specified metering equipment for installation at the participating demonstration homes to monitor lighting system energy use The accuracy of the circuit-level metering equipment meets the accuracy requirements of the ANSI C121 standard when used with Continental Control System current transformers rated for IEEE C5713 class 06 accuracy The project team determined that the receptacle loads and lighting loads are on the same circuit for two of the three demonstration homes To separate the lighting and receptacle loads the project team specified and installed receptacle-level monitoring equipment to allow for updated energy use monitoring in the amendment to this report The specified receptacle monitoring equipment has a rated accuracy of 5 when monitoring up to a 15 amp load Table 9 lists the equipment specified for use at the participating demonstration homes
TABLE 9 SPECIFIED MONITORING EQUIPMENT
Monitoring Equipment Type Model
AC Power Measurement Device WattNode RWNB-3Y-208-P
Current Transformers CCS CTL-1250
Data Logger HOBO UX120-017M
Receptacle Power Quality Recorder BERT Smart Plug 110M
The project team deployed the measurement and verification equipment at the demonstration homes as shown in Figure 7 to collect lighting energy use data in one minute intervals The project team deployed monitoring equipment at each receptacle that is on a circuit shared with lighting loads
20
PGampErsquos Emerging Technologies Program ET13PGE1063
FIGURE 7 INSTALLATION SCHEMATIC OF ENERGY LOGGING EQUIPMENT
DATA PROCESSING AND ANALYSIS The project team collected data at each demonstration site for an extended monitoring period determined for each demonstration site based on the occupancy date of the demonstration home The project team downloaded data intermittently to verify operation of equipment for processing and analysis
DATA PROCESSING To process the data the project team consolidated the raw data streams generated from the multiple lighting and receptacle data loggers into one master comma separated value (csv) file based on time stamp correlation The number of raw data streams varied from site to site based on the lighting and receptacle circuitry of each demonstration home
WATHEN CASTANOS 1622 Energy use data collected at the Wathen Castanos 1622 demonstration site consisted of one data stream of circuit level energy use at one minute resolution and 30 receptacle energy
21
PGampErsquos Emerging Technologies Program ET13PGE1063
use data streams at one hour resolution The project team binned circuit level energy use into hour resolution to allow for circuit and receptacle data to be analyzed together
NORTHWEST 2205 Energy use data collected at the NorthWest 2205 demonstration site consisted of one data stream of circuit level energy use at one minute resolution and 27 receptacle energy use data streams at one hour resolution The project team binned circuit level energy use into hour resolution to allow for circuit and receptacle data to be analyzed together
MERITAGE 3085 Energy use data collected at the Meritage 3085 demonstration site consisted of two data streams of circuit level energy use at one minute resolution The project team binned circuit level energy use into hour resolution to allow for direct comparison to the other demonstration homes
DATA ANALYSIS
WATHEN CASTANOS 1622 The project team collected lighting and receptacle energy use data for 177 days The project team identified plug load lighting by site walk confirmation and confirmed via data reduction of the receptacle energy monitoring data The project team applied one-time power factors (PF) measurements of the entertainment center appliances were applied to receptacle data streams to scale the load according to the appliance state (onoffstandby) Summed energy use resulting in negative energy use was is attributed to receptacle load energy use and negative values were zeroed to more accurately reflect actual energy use
NORTHWEST 2205 The project team collected lighting and receptacle energy use data for 176 days The project team identified plug load lighting by site walk and confirmed during data reduction of the receptacle energy monitoring data based on known light source wattages The project team determined data streams with one time load peaks of 300 Watts or greater to be outliers and dropped from the analysis The project team categorized peak loads of less than or equal to 70 Watts as lighting loads based on typical residential receptacle use Peak loads greater than 70 Watts were categorized as other loads The project team applied one-time power factors (PF) measurements of the entertainment center appliances to receptacle data streams to scale the load according to the appliance state (onoffstandby) Summed energy use resulting in negative energy use is attributed to receptacle load energy use Negative values were zeroed to more accurately reflect lighting energy use
MERITAGE 3085 The project team collected lighting and ceiling fan energy use data for 75 days Ceiling fan loads and one receptacle in the office were determined to be on the lighting circuit during the data reduction process and are included in the energy use analysis
22
PGampErsquos Emerging Technologies Program ET13PGE1063
RESULTS The project team evaluated AHE lighting systems for their capacity to reduce residential lighting loads provide residential energy savings and deliver application appropriate light levels This work included a market survey site selection lighting design lighting system installation monitoring of the system performance and data analysis
MARKET SURVEY To collect current lighting market information pertaining to the feasibility of implementing an AHE lighting design with commercially available lighting products the project team completed a review of all available residential lighting manufacturer literature This included dialogues with manufacturers about their current and future AHE lighting product offerings examination of manufacturer websites and discussions with distributors in PGampE territory The project team updated the results of the survey over the course of this effort allowing for cost and performance trend analysis of AHE lighting product offerings The AHE lighting product types included in this report are recessed downlight under cabinets wall-mount vanity surface ceiling-mount suspended ceiling-mount and wall-mount sconce light fixtures and are appropriate for residential applications as determined by lighting design illuminance level and uniformity requirements All fixtures fulfilling the AHE lighting system definition at the time of this report are included in the All High-Efficacy Lighting Design Guide provided in Appendix B
LIGHTING DESIGN Based on the lighting market survey results and each demonstration site building plan preliminary AHE lighting layouts were designed preliminary layouts were modeled to confirm that the design provides application appropriate illumination levels and the final iteration of the design was specified for installation in the demonstration sites The project team referenced the IES Handbook 10th Edition recommended light levels for this work by space type Referenced illumination levels are provided in Table 7 Three builders were selected to install AHE lighting designs Wathen Castanos NorthWest Homes and Meritage Homes Each participating builder provided a new construction single-family homes of varying square footage Wathen Castanos provided a single-family home building plan for their 1622 square foot floor plan shown in Figure 8
23
PGampErsquos Emerging Technologies Program ET13PGE1063
FIGURE 8 WATHEN CASTANOS SINGLE-FAMILY HOME FLOOR PLAN 1622
Table 10 contains the specified lighting design and calculated load reduction over the 2008-compliant lighting design the builder typically implemented at the time of this installation The specifications define dedicated sockets types but do not specify source wattages The project team specified possible low and high source wattages for socket types in the lsquooriginalrsquo lighting package in Table 10 In comparison to the 2008 Title 24 compliant design
24
PGampErsquos Emerging Technologies Program ET13PGE1063
the AHE lighting package resulted in a calculated load reduction of 35 to 59 for the one-story single-family home
TABLE 10 WATHEN CASTANOS 1622 AHE LIGHTING DESIGN AND LOAD REDUCTION OVER 2008 TITLE 24 COMPLIANT DESIGN
Space Type Non AHE fixture
type (builder original)
Low Load (W)
High Load (W)
Quantity
Low Load Total (W)
High Load Total (W)
AHE Fixture
AHE Load (W)
AHE Quantity
AHE Total Load (W)
Kitchen Fluorescent Downlight 13 26 6 78 156 Cree CR6 12 6 72
Dining Ceiling Fan
Incandescent Light Kit
40 60 4 160 240 Satco LED
Lamps 98 5 49
Cree CR6 12 2 24
Great Room Fluorescent
Surface Mount Fixture
13 26 1 13 26 Cree CR6 12 4 48
Master Bedroom
Ceiling Fan Incandescent
Light Kit 40 60 4 160 240 Cree CR6 12 4 48
Master Bathroom
Fluorescent Downlight 13 26 3 39 78 Cree CR6 12 3 36
Fluorescent
Vanity 26 52 2 52 104 Satco LED
Lamps 98 8 784
Master Closet
Linear Fluorescent
Fixture (4 lamp) 112 128 1 112 128 Cree
CS14 37 1 37
Bedroom (2) Fluorescent
Surface Mount Fixture
13 26 2 26 52 Cree CR6 12 2 24
Bedroom (3)Study
Fluorescent Surface Mount
Fixture 13 26 2 26 52 Cree CR6 12 2 24
Bathroom Fluorescent Downlight 13 26 2 26 26
Satco LED
Lamps 98 2 196
Fluorescent Vanity 13 26 3 39 78
Satco LED
Lamps 98 3 294
Laundry Fluorescent Downlight 13 26 1 13 26
Satco LED
Lamps 98 2 196
Garage Linear
Fluorescent Fixture (4 lamp)
112 128 1 112 128 Cree CS14 37 1 37
Entry Fluorescent
Surface Mount Fixture
13 26 2 26 52 Cree CR6 12 2 24
Hallway Fluorescent
Surface Mount Fixture
13 26 2 26 52 Cree CR6 12 2 24
TOTAL 908 1438 594
AHE Load Reduction 346 587
25
PGampErsquos Emerging Technologies Program ET13PGE1063
NorthWest Homes provided a single-story single-family home building plan using their 2205 square foot floor plan shown in Figure 9
FIGURE 9 NORTHWEST SINGLE-FAMILY HOME FLOOR PLAN 2205
Table 11 contains the specified lighting design and calculated load reduction over the 2008 compliant lighting design the builder typically implemented at the time of this installation The specifications define dedicated sockets types but do not specify source wattages The project team specified possible low and high source wattages for socket types in the lsquooriginalrsquo lighting package in Table 11 In comparison to the 2008 Title 24 compliant design the lighting package resulted in a calculated load reduction of 37 to 61 for the one-story single-family home
26
PGampErsquos Emerging Technologies Program ET13PGE1063
TABLE 11 NORTHWEST HOMES 2205 AHE LIGHTING DESIGN AND LOAD REDUCTION OVER 2008 TITLE 24 COMPLIANT DESIGN
Space Type
Non AHE fixture type
(builder original)
Low Load (W)
High Load (W)
Quantity
Low Load Total (W)
High Load Total (W)
AHE Fixture
AHE Load (W)
AHE Quantity
AHE Total Load (W)
Kitchen Can Fluorescent 13 26 6 78 156 Cree CR6 12 6 72
Nook Ceiling Light Incandescent 40 43 1 40 43 Cree CR6 12 1 12
Pantry Can Fluorescent 13 26 1 13 26 Cree CR6 12 1 12
Great Room Fan with Light 13 43 3 39 129 Cree CR6 12 4 48
Flush Incandescent 40 43 1 40 43 - - - -
Entry Ceiling Light Incandescent 40 43 2 80 86 Cree CR6 12 2 24
Hallways Flush Incandescent 40 43 3 120 129 Cree CR6 12 3 36
Office Ceiling Light Incandescent 40 43 1 40 43 Cree CR6 12 1 12
Bathroom 2
Wall mount Incandescent 40 43 2 80 86 Illumis
Lamps 411 1 411
Water Closet
Ceiling Light Incandescent 40 43 1 40 43 Cree CR6 12 1 12
Bedroom 2 Fan with Light 13 43 3 39 129 Cree CR6 12 2 24
Bedroom 3 Fan with Light 13 43 3 39 129 Cree CR6 12 2 24
Coat Closet
Can Fluorescent 13 26 1 13 26 Cree CR6 12 1 12
Utility Room
Ceiling Linear Fluorescent 28 32 1 28 32 Cree CR6 12 2 24
Garage Ceiling Linear Fluorescent 28 32 3 84 96 Cree
CS14 38 1 38
Porch Ceiling Light Fluorescent 13 26 6 78 156 Cree CR6 12 6 72
Exterior Wall mount Fluorescent 13 26 4 52 104 Illumis
Lamps 137 4 548 Wall Sconce Master
Bedroom Fan with Light 13 43 3 39 129 Cree CR6 12 4 48
Master Closet
Ceiling Linear Fluorescent 28 32 1 28 32 Cree CR6 12 2 24
Master Bathroom
Wall mount Incandescent 40 43 2 80 86 Illumis
Lamps 411 2 822
Ceiling Light Fluorescent 13 26 2 26 52 Cree CR6 12 2 24
Water Closet
Ceiling Light Incandescent 40 43 1 40 43 Cree CR6 12 1 12
TOTAL
1116 1798
7081
AHE Load Reduction 366 606
27
PGampErsquos Emerging Technologies Program ET13PGE1063
Meritage Homes provided a two-story single-family home building plan for their 3085 square foot floor plan shown in Figure 10 and Figure 11
FIGURE 10 MERITAGE FIRST FLOOR SINGLE-FAMILY HOME FLOOR PLAN 3085
28
PGampErsquos Emerging Technologies Program ET13PGE1063
FIGURE 11 MERITAGE SECOND FLOOR SINGLE-FAMILY HOME FLOOR PLAN 3085
Table 12 contains the specified AHE lighting design and calculated load reduction over the 2008 compliant lighting design the builder typically implemented at the time of this installation The specifications define dedicated sockets types but do not specify source wattages The project team specified possible low and high source wattages for socket types in the lsquooriginalrsquo lighting package in Table 12 In comparison to the 2008 Title 24 compliant design the AHE lighting package resulted in a calculated load reduction of 0 to 11 for the two-story single-family home
29
PGampErsquos Emerging Technologies Program ET13PGE1063
TABLE 12 MERITAGE 3085 AHE LIGHTING DESIGN AND LOAD REDUCTION OVER 2008 TITLE 24 COMPLIANT DESIGN
Space Type
Non AHE fixture type
(builder original)
Low Load (W)
High Load (W)
Quantity
Low Load Total (W)
High Load Total (W)
AHE Fixture AHE Source AHE
Fixture Load (W)
Quantity AHE Total Load (W)
Great Room FanDome 26 52 1 26 52 FanDome CREE CR6 12 4 48
Kitchen Fluorescent downlight 13 26 4 52 104 LED
Downlight Cree CR6 12 4 48
Fluorescent Undercabinet 19 37 2 38 74 - - - - -
Optional Pendant 13 26 2 26 52 LED
Pendant CREE TW 135 2 27
Closet 13 26 13 26 LED Dome Cree TW 135 2 27
Powder Room Vanity 26 52 1 26 52 Vanity CREE TW 135 2 27
Dining Fluorescent downlight 13 26 1 13 26 LED
Chandelier Illumis Lamp 137 5 685
Owners Entry Dome 13 26 1 13 26 Dome CREE TW 135 2 27
Pocket Office Fluorescent downlight 13 26 1 13 26 LED
Downlight Cree CR6 12 1 12
Nook Fluorescent downlight 13 26 1 13 26 LED
Downlight Cree CR6 12 2 24
Pantry Fluorescent downlight 13 26 1 13 26 LED
Downlight Cree CR6 12 2 24
Porch Recessed 13 26 1 13 26 Exterior Ceiling Cree CR6 12 2 24
Exterior lights Wall mount 13 26 1 13 26 Wall Mount Exterior Illumis Lamp 137 3 411
Garage 1x4 T8 Fixture 60 70 1 60 70 1x4 T8 Fixture CREE T8 44 2 88
Foyer Fluorescent downlight 13 26 1 13 26 LED
Downlight Cree CR6 12 2 24
Stairs Fluorescent downlight 13 26 1 13 26 LED
Downlight Cree CR6 12 2 24
Linen closet Fluorescent downlight 13 26 1 13 26 LED
Downlight Cree CR6 12 1 12
Bathroom Vanity 26 52 1 26 52 Vanity CREE TW 27 1 27
Hallway Fluorescent downlight 13 26 1 13 26
Integrated LED Downlight
Cree CR6 12 4 48
Laundry 1x4 T8 Fixture 60 70 1 60 70 1x4 T8 Fixture CREE T8 44 1 44
Attic E26 Socket 13 26 1 13 26 E26 socket CREE TW 135 1 135
Game room FanDome 52 104 1 52 104 FanDome CREE TW 54 1 54
Bath 2 Fluorescent downlight 13 26 1 13 26 LED
Downlight Cree TW 135 3 405
Bedrooms Dome 26 52 1 26 52 Dome Feit Candelabra 49 6 294
- - - - - - Dome Feit A-Lamp 10 3 30
Bedroom Walk in Closets Dome 13 26 1 13 26 Dome Cree TW 135 6 81
Master Bedroom FanDome 52 104 1 52 104 FanDome Feit Candelabra 49 4 196
Master Closet Dome 13 26 1 13 26 Dome Illumis 137 4 548
Master Bathroom Fluorescent downlight 13 26 1 13 26 LED
Downlight Cree CR6 12 1 12
LED Vanity Illumis 137 6 822
Cree TW 12 2 24
Bath 3 Fluorescent downlight 13 26 1 13 26 LED
Downlight Cree CR6 12 1 12
TOTAL (W)
678 1254
11176
AHE Load Reduction ()
- 11
30
PGampErsquos Emerging Technologies Program ET13PGE1063
The project team considered a multi-family home builder for inclusion in the program The provided building plan is shown in Figure 12 Table 13 contains the specified AHE lighting design and calculated load reduction over the 2008 compliant lighting design the builder typically implemented at the time of this installation In comparison to the 2008 Title 24 compliant design the AHE lighting package resulted in a calculated load reduction of 50 for one unit of the multi-family home
FIGURE 12 HERITAGE COMMONS MULTI-FAMILY HOME BUILDING PLAN
31
PGampErsquos Emerging Technologies Program ET13PGE1063
TABLE 13 MULTI- FAMILY HOME AHE LIGHTING DESIGN AND LOAD REDUCTION OVER 2008 TITLE 24 COMPLIANT DESIGN
Space Type Non AHE fixture
type (builder original)
Original Load (W)
Original Quantity
Original Total Load
(W)
AHE Fixture
AHE Load (W)
AHE Quantity
AHE Total
Load (W)
Kitchen Fluorescent Down light
26 4 104 Cree CR6 12 4 48
Dining Progress Pendant 100 1 100 Philips Ledino Pendant
225 1 225
Entry Fluorescent Down light
22 1 22 Cree CR6 12 1 12
Bath Fluorescent 17 2 34
GU-24 Vanity Fixture with
Illumis Lamps
137 3 411
Fluorescent Down light
13 1 13 Cree CR6 12 1 12
TOTAL (W) 2730 1356
AHE Load Reduction
() 503
LIGHTING SYSTEM INSTALLATION The installation of the AHE lighting systems did not require additional installation techniques by the construction team compared to 2008 Title 24 compliant systems Photographs of an AHE lighting system installed in a Wathen Castanos model home are provided below
32
PGampErsquos Emerging Technologies Program ET13PGE1063
FIGURE 13 AHE LIGHTING SYSTEM INSTALLATION IN KITCHEN
33
PGampErsquos Emerging Technologies Program ET13PGE1063
FIGURE 14 AHE LIGHTING SYSTEM INSTALLATION IN LIVING ROOM
34
PGampErsquos Emerging Technologies Program ET13PGE1063
FIGURE 15 AHE LIGHTING SYSTEM INSTALLATION IN BATHROOM
35
PGampErsquos Emerging Technologies Program ET13PGE1063
The cost of AHE lighting components have reduced over the course of this project with integrated high quality high efficacy LED downlights ranging in price from $25 to $50 and high quality high efficacy LED replacement lamps ranging from $7 to $25 as of the time of this report Detailed AHE lighting system cost information for the demonstration sites are contained in Table 14 15 and 16 Costs for lighting system components utilized in both the 2008 Title 24 compliant and AHE lighting designs are not included For instance downlight housings and control components are not listed
TABLE 14 WATHEN CASTANOS 1622 AHE LIGHT SOURCE COST INFORMATION
Space Type AHE Fixture AHE Quantity Price per Fixture ($)
Total Price per Space Type ($)
Kitchen Cree CR6 6 $25 $150
Dining LED Chandelier and Satco LED Lamps 1 $408 $408
Cree CR6 2 $25 $50
Great Room Cree CR6 4 $25 $100
Master Bedroom Cree CR6 5 $25 $125
Master Bathroom Cree CR6 2 $25 $50
Satco LED Lamp 8 $29 $232
Master Closet Cree CS14 1 $407 $407
Bedroom (2) Cree CR6 2 $25 $50
Bedroom (3)Study Cree CR6 2 $25 $50
Bathroom Dome Fixture and Satco LED Lamps 2 $29 $58
Vanity Fixture and Satco LED Lamps 3 $29 $87
Laundry Cree CR6 2 $25 $50
Garage Cree CS14 1 $407 $407
Entry Cree CR6 2 $25 $50
Hallway Cree CR6 2 $25 $50
TOTAL $2324
36
PGampErsquos Emerging Technologies Program ET13PGE1063
TABLE 15 NORTHWEST HOMES 2205 AHE LIGHT SOURCE COST INFORMATION
Space Type AHE Fixture AHE Quantity Price per Fixture ($)
Total Price per Space Type ($)
Kitchen Cree CR6 6 $25 $150
Nook Cree CR6 1 $25 $25
Pantry Cree CR6 1 $25 $25
Great Room Cree CR6 4 $25 $100
Entry Cree CR6 2 $25 $50 Hallways Cree CR6 3 $25 $75
Office Cree CR6 1 $25 $25
Bathroom 2 Illumis Lamps 3 $27 $81
Water Closet Cree CR6 1 $25 $25
Bedroom 2 Cree CR6 2 $25 $50
Bedroom 3 Cree CR6 2 $25 $50
Coat Closet Cree CR6 1 $25 $25
Utility Room Cree CR6 2 $25 $50
Garage Cree CS14 1 $407 $407
Porch Cree CR6 6 $25 $150
Exterior Wall Sconces Illumis Lamps 4 $27 $108
Master Bedroom Cree CR6 4 $25 $100
Master Closet Cree CR6 2 $25 $50 Master
Bathroom Illumis Lamps 2 $27 $54
Cree CR6 2 $25 $50
Water Closet Cree CR6 1 $25 $25
TOTAL $1675
37
PGampErsquos Emerging Technologies Program ET13PGE1063
TABLE 16 MERITAGE 3085 AHE LIGHT SOURCE COST INFORMATION
Space Type AHE Fixture AHE Source Quantity
Price per Fixture
($)
Total Price per Space Type ($)
Great Room FanDome CREE TW 4 $15 $60
Kitchen LED Downlight Cree CR6 4 $25 $100
Optional Pendant CREE TW 2 $15 $30
Closet LED Dome CREE TW 2 $15 $30
Powder Room Vanity CREE TW 2 $15 $30
Dining Chandelier Illumis Lamps 5 $27 $135
Owners Entry Dome CREE TW 2 $15 $30
Pocket Office LED Downlight Cree CR6 1 $25 $25
Nook LED Downlight Cree CR6 2 $25 $50
Pantry LED Downlight Cree CR6 2 $25 $50
Porch Exterior Ceiling Illumis Lamp 2 $27 $54
Exterior lights Wall Mount Exterior
Illumis Lamp 3 $27 $81
Garage 1x4 T8 Fixture CREE T8 2 $35 $70
Foyer LED Downlight Cree CR6 2 $25 $50
Stairs LED Downlight Cree CR6 2 $25 $50
Linen Closet LED Downlight Cree CR6 1 $25 $25
Bathroom Vanity CREE TW 2 $15 $30
Hallway Integrated LED Downlight Cree CR6 4 $25 $100
Laundry 1x4 T8 Fixture CREE T8 1 $35 $35
Attic E26 socket CREE TW 1 $15 $15
Game room FanDome CREE TW 4 $15 $60
Bath 2 LED Downlight Cree TW 3 $15 $45
Bedrooms Dome Feit Candelabra 6 $7 $42
Dome Feit A-Lamp 3 $7 $21
Walk in Closet Dome CREE TW 6 $15 $90
Master Bedroom FanDome Feit
Candelabra 4 $7 $28
Master Closet Dome Illumis 4 $27 $108
Master Bathroom LED Downlight Cree CR6 1 $25 $25
LED Vanity Illumis 6 $27 $162
Bath 3 LED Downlight Cree CR6 1 $25 $25
TOTAL $1656
38
PGampErsquos Emerging Technologies Program ET13PGE1063
SYSTEM PERFORMANCE EVALUATION The project team monitored the builder and homeowner end-user satisfaction photometric performance and energy consumption of the installed AHE lighting systems according to the test method outlined in this report The results of the system performance evaluation are provided below
SURVEY RESPONSES To capture builder and homeowner end-user experiences with the AHE lighting systems deployed for evaluation in this project the project team developed survey tools in order to collect feedback in a rigorous manner The results of the surveys will be used to better understand barriers to market adoption of AHE lighting systems and inform the recommendations for next steps Responses to the builder and homeowner surveys are included in the following sections
BUILDER SURVEY RESPONSES The three participating builders completed the AHE lighting system installation The survey response below is for Wathen Castanos (WC) Northwest Homes (NH) and Meritage Homes (MH)
Q What is the primary driver(s) for lighting specification choices bull WC Cost and Title 24 Code Requirements bull NH Title 24 Code Requirements then customer preference bull MH Cost without sacrificing product reliability and then Title 24 Code Requirements
Q At what point in your design process are appliance or energy codes such as T24 considered
bull WC In the plan design stage bull NH Beginning before plans are submitted for plan check review bull MH When determining the lighting schedule
Q How often is your initial plan altered in order to comply with T24 requirements
bull WC Typically not until there is a mandated code update bull NH About 50 of the time although T24 is considered throughout all designs bull MH Very rarely to comply more often to exceed T24 requirements Typically
altered to take advantage of local utility incentives Q What is your typical budget for lighting in a small mid-sized and large home
bull WC Small $500 Mid-Sized $800 Large $1900 bull NH Small $2000 Mid-Sized $3000 Large $4000 bull MH Small $500 Mid-Sized $850 Large $1400
Q Does the lighting design or technologies used vary depending on the locale or price-point of the home If so how
bull WC Yes the high end homes will typically have a higher quality finish on the light fixtures
39
PGampErsquos Emerging Technologies Program ET13PGE1063
bull NH Yes we allow approximately $125 per square foot of the home for lighting and ceiling fans We use a lot of LED recessed can lighting in kitchens and hallways as standard The electrical contractor includes those in his bid about $9000 each
bull MH Yes location and the associated market affect this decision Builder competition also influences if LED lighting or solar is offered as a way to differentiate ourselves
Q Compared to other building systems how large an impact does lighting have on a homersquos budget (as a percent)
bull WC Less than 1 bull NH Including cost increase for high efficiency lighting due to lack of product
availability about 15 bull MH About 02
Q How difficult is it to find Title 24 compliant products for each of the following product categories
Not Difficult
Somewhat Difficult
Very Difficult
Not Applicable
GU-24 MH WC NH
Integral LEDs vs replacement lamps WC NH MH
Quick connects WC NH MH
New track lighting requirements WC NH MH
Q How often do homeowners ask for a lighting change after construction is completed
bull WC Almost Never bull NH Often bull MH Almost Never
Q Do they try to replace luminaires with non-compliant alternatives bull WC Occasionally bull NH Often bull MH Almost Never
Q What role do the utility companies play in your lighting design decision making process
bull WC Rebates and Incentives bull NH None Title 24 only bull MH None
Q What challenges do you foresee arising that will make AHE compliance difficult
bull WC Economics ndash price of high efficacy products 90 CRI Product availability ndash most products canrsquot be quickly purchased at hardware stores
bull NH Economics ndash price of high efficacy products 90 CRI Product availability ndash most products canrsquot be quickly purchased at hardware stores
bull MH Economics ndash price of high efficacy products 90 CRI Product availability ndash most products canrsquot be quickly purchased at hardware stores
40
PGampErsquos Emerging Technologies Program ET13PGE1063
Q With integral LED luminaires becoming part of Title 24 compliance do you foresee any issues with end-users adopting this lighting appliance
bull WC No It will become the norm and current home owners do not like fluorescent fixtures
bull NH No the lighting quality of new LED lights seem to be acceptable to most buyers bull MH No not with the LED light quality and longevity Cost may be an issue
Changing components rather than bulbs may be an issue
HOMEOWNER SURVEY RESPONSES At the time of this report all participating demonstration homes had been occupied for sufficient time to collect survey responses The homeowner survey response provided below is for the Wathen Castanos 1622 homeowner (WC) NorthWest Homes 2205 homeowners (NH1 and NH2) and Meritage Homes 3085 homeowner (MH)
Q Please compare the lighting in your new home to the lighting in your previous home Do you think that each of the following aspects of lighting is better worse or the same in your new home
Better Worse The same I donrsquot know
I like the color of the lighthellip WC NH1 NH2 MH
The light levels in the space arehellip WC NH1
NH2 MH
Objects under the light lookhellip NH1 NH2 WC MH The aesthetic of the fixtures arehellip NH1 NH2 MH WC The lighting controllability ishellip WC NH2 MH NH1 The glare of the lighting ishellip NH1 NH2 MH WC
41
PGampErsquos Emerging Technologies Program ET13PGE1063
Q Rate your satisfaction with the AHE lighting in each room type in your new home Use the following scale
1 Extremely dissatisfied 2 Dissatisfied 3 No difference in satisfaction from lighting in last home 4 Satisfied 5 Extremely satisfied
WC Responses bull Kitchen Satisfied bull Bathroom No difference in the satisfaction from lighting in last home bull Common Living Spaces Satisfied bull Bedrooms Satisfied bull Dining Room No difference in the satisfaction from lighting in last home bull Garage No difference in the satisfaction from lighting in last home
NH1 Responses
bull Kitchen Satisfied bull Bathroom Satisfied bull Common Living Spaces Extremely Satisfied bull Bedrooms Satisfied bull Dining Room Dissatisfied bull Garage Extremely Dissatisfied
NH2 Responses
bull Kitchen Dissatisfied (no undercounter lighting) bull Bathroom Satisfied bull Common Living Spaces Extremely Satisfied bull Bedrooms Satisfied bull Dining Room Satisfied bull Garage Extremely Dissatisfied
MH Responses
bull Kitchen Satisfied bull Bathroom Satisfied bull Common Living Spaces Satisfied bull Bedrooms Satisfied bull Dining Room Satisfied bull Garage No difference in the satisfaction from lighting in last home
42
PGampErsquos Emerging Technologies Program ET13PGE1063
Q What type of lighting did you use in your previous home WC Response
a Linear fluorescent b Incandescent c CFLs
NH1 Response
a Linear fluorescent b Incandescent c CFLs d Other Halogen Under Counter
NH2 Response
a Linear fluorescent b Incandescent c CFLs d Other Halogen
MH Response Incandescent Q For one standard residential screw-base light fixture what is the most that you would be willing to pay for a single light bulb
bull WC Response $11-15 bull NH1 Response $6-10 bull NH2 Response $1-5 bull MH Response $1-5
Q Rate your familiarity with the following topics Use the following scale 1 I have never heard of it before 2 I have heard of this but am not sure exactly what it means 3 I am familiar with this concept but not an expert 4 I am an expert when it comes to this concept
WC Response bull GU-24 based lamps I have never heard of it before bull LED replacement lamps I am familiar with this concept but not an expert bull Integral LED luminaires I have heard of this but am not sure exactly what it
means bull Adaptive lighting controls I have never heard of it before bull Color Rendering Index I am familiar with this concept but not an expert bull Correlated Color Temperature I have heard of this but am not sure exactly what
it means
43
PGampErsquos Emerging Technologies Program ET13PGE1063
NH1 Response bull GU-24 based lamps I have never heard of it before bull LED replacement lamps I am familiar with this concept but not an expert bull Integral LED luminaires I have never heard of it before bull Adaptive lighting controls I have heard of this but am not sure exactly what it
means bull Color Rendering Index I am familiar with this concept but not an expert bull Correlated Color Temperature I have heard of this but am not sure exactly what
it means NH2 Response
bull GU-24 based lamps I am familiar with this concept but not an expert bull LED replacement lamps I am familiar with this concept but not an expert bull Integral LED luminaires I have never heard of it before bull Adaptive lighting controls I am familiar with this concept but not an expert bull Color Rendering Index I have never heard of it before bull Correlated Color Temperature I have never heard of it before
MH Response
bull GU-24 based lamps I have never heard of it before bull LED replacement lamps I am familiar with this concept but not an expert bull Integral LED luminaires I have heard of this but am not sure exactly what it
means bull Adaptive lighting controls I have heard of this but am not sure exactly what it
means bull Color Rendering Index I am familiar with this concept but not an expert bull Correlated Color Temperature I have heard of this but am not sure exactly what
it means Q How important to you is the ability to maintain your own lighting within your home (Replace burnt-out light bulbsfixtures repair or replace controls etc)
bull WC Response Important that I can replace light bulbs only bull NH1 Response Not at all important I can pay a technician to do those tasks bull NH2 Response Important that I can perform any maintenance task necessary
MH Response Important that I can replace light bulbs only
SYSTEM MONITORING RESULTS The project team monitored the energy and photometric performance of the installed AHE lighting systems according to the test method outlined in this report Results are provided below
PHOTOMETRIC PERFORMANCE The project team characterized the photometric performance of the AHE lighting system installed at the Wathen Castanos 1622 home utilizing the recommended practices from the Illuminating Engineering Societyrsquos The Lighting Handbook Tenth Edition The Lighting for
44
PGampErsquos Emerging Technologies Program ET13PGE1063
Residential Applications chapter was referenced to identify target applications and tasks for residences with specific lighting requirements The project team collected illuminance measurements for the living kitchen dining and bathroom applications Results and recommended light levels are summarized in Table 17
45
PGampErsquos Emerging Technologies Program ET13PGE1063
TABLE 17 WATHEN CASTANOS 1622 MEASURED ILLUMINANCE
Application and Task
Horizontal Illuminance
Target (Avg fc)
Vertical Illuminance
Target (Avg fc)
Measured Horizontal
Illuminance (Avg fc)
Measured Vertical
Illuminance (Avg fc)
Notes
Living Room 3 3 53 NA E_h floor E_v 4AFF
Dining Room 210 NA
Formal 5 2 - - E_h table plane E_v 4AFF
Informal 10 4 - - E_h table plane E_v 4AFF
Study Use 20 5 - - E_h table plane E_v 4AFF
Kitchen
Breakfast Area 20 5 348 297 E_h eating
surfaces E_v 4AFF
Cabinets - 5 - 246 E_v face of cabinets
Cooktops 30 5 207 205 E_h cooking surfaces
General 5 - 314 271 E_h floor Preparation
Counters 50 75 194 159 E_h prep surfaces
Sinks 30 5 362 226 E_h top of sink
Bathroom
Shower 5 - 552 1809 E_h floor E_v 3AFF
Toilet 10 - 304 272 E_h floor
Vanity (Grooming) 30 - 501 342 E_h floor E_v 5AFF
46
PGampErsquos Emerging Technologies Program ET13PGE1063
ENERGY USE MONITORING Energy use data collected at the demonstration sites over the course of this effort is provided in this section Detailed lighting load profiles are provided in Appendix D Raw data is available upon request A comparison of estimated and measured lighting energy use is provided in Table 18 Estimated annual lighting energy use assumes 18 hours of use per day11
TABLE 18 SUMMARY OF CALCULATED AND MEASURED LIGHTING ENERGY USE
Site Area (sf)
Lighting Schedule
Calculated Load (kW)
Measured Peak Lighting
Load (kW)
Measured LPD
Calculated Annual Lighting
Energy Use (kWh)
Estimated Annual Lighting
Energy Use (kWh)
Wathen Castanos 1622 059 046 028 1096 3022
North West Homes
2205 071 062 028 4509 4073
Meritage Homes 3085 112 111 036 13004 7293
Wathen Castanos 1622 Daily lighting energy use profiles at the Wathen Castanos 1622 demonstration home are provided below In addition cumulative results over the course of the monitoring period are included Date gaps in data are due to network errors Days with missing data were dropped from the analysis resulting in 157 days of monitored energy use spanning November 19 2014 to May 25 2015 The lighting energy use averages 300 kWh per day Extrapolating this average for an assumed usage of 365 days per year results in a calculated annual energy use of 1096 kWh
11 US DOE 2010 US Lighting Market Characterization pg 42 table 415 httpapps1eereenergygovbuildingspublicationspdfsssl2010-lmc-final-jan-2012pdf
47
PGampErsquos Emerging Technologies Program ET13PGE1063
FIGURE 16 TOTAL DAILY ENERGY USE FOR WATHEN CASTANOS 1622 DEMONSTRATION HOME
FIGURE 17 WEEKLY ENERGY USE FOR WATHEN CASTANOS 1622 DEMONSTRATION HOME jh
000050100150200250300350400450500
111
920
1411
24
2014
112
920
1412
42
014
129
201
412
27
2014
11
2015
16
2015
111
201
51
162
015
128
201
52
220
152
720
152
122
015
217
201
52
222
015
227
201
53
420
153
920
153
142
015
319
201
53
242
015
329
201
54
320
154
820
154
132
015
418
201
54
232
015
428
201
55
320
155
820
155
132
015
518
201
55
232
015
Daily Lighting Energy Use (kWh)
48
PGampErsquos Emerging Technologies Program ET13PGE1063
Energy use per day is provided based on sunrise and sunset definitions to identify day and night lighting energy use
FIGURE 18 ENERGY USE PER DAY OVER MONITORING PERIOD DURATION
NorthWest Homes 2205 Daily lighting energy use profiles at the NorthWest Homes 2205 demonstration home are provided below In addition cumulative results over the course of the monitoring period are included for the 176 days spanning October 29 2014 to April 20 2015 The lighting energy use averages 124 kWh per day Extrapolating this average for an assumed usage of 365 days per year results in a calculated annual energy use of 4509 kWh
49
PGampErsquos Emerging Technologies Program ET13PGE1063
FIGURE 19 TOTAL ENERGY USE FOR NORTHWEST HOMES 2205 DEMONSTRATION HOME
000
050
100
150
200
250
102
920
1411
32
014
118
201
411
13
2014
111
820
1411
23
2014
112
820
1412
32
014
128
201
412
13
2014
121
820
1412
23
2014
122
820
141
220
151
720
151
122
015
117
201
51
222
015
127
201
52
120
152
620
152
112
015
216
201
52
212
015
226
201
53
320
153
820
153
132
015
318
201
53
232
015
328
201
54
220
154
720
154
122
015
417
201
5
Daily Lighting Energy Use (kWh)
50
PGampErsquos Emerging Technologies Program ET13PGE1063
FIGURE 20 WEEKLY CUMULATIVE ENERGY USE FOR NORTHWEST HOMES 2205 DEMONSTRATION HOME
Energy use per day is provided based on sunrise and sunset definitions to identify day and night lighting energy use
51
PGampErsquos Emerging Technologies Program ET13PGE1063
FIGURE 21 ENERGY USE PER DAY OVER MONITORING PERIOD DURATION
52
PGampErsquos Emerging Technologies Program ET13PGE1063
Meritage 3085 Daily energy use profiles for the ceiling fan and lighting loads at the Meritage 3085 demonstration home are provided below Post-data collection one receptacle was identified as being on the lighting circuit This is included in the 75 days of monitored energy use below spanning January 31 2015 to April 15 2015 The monitored energy use averages 356 kWh per day Extrapolating this average for an assumed usage of 365 days per year this results in a calculated annual lighting related energy use of 1300 kWh
FIGURE 22 TOTAL ENERGY USE FOR MERITAGE 3085 DEMONSTRATION HOME
0
1
2
3
4
5
6
131
201
5
23
2015
26
2015
29
2015
212
201
5
215
201
5
218
201
5
221
201
5
224
201
5
227
201
5
32
2015
35
2015
38
2015
311
201
5
314
201
5
317
201
5
320
201
5
323
201
5
326
201
5
329
201
5
41
2015
44
2015
47
2015
410
201
5
413
201
5
Daily Lighting Energy Use (kWh)
53
PGampErsquos Emerging Technologies Program ET13PGE1063
FIGURE 23 WEEKLY CUMULATIVE ENERGY USE FOR MERITAGE 3085 DEMONSTRATION HOME
Energy use per day is provided based on sunrise and sunset definitions to identify day and night lighting energy use
54
PGampErsquos Emerging Technologies Program ET13PGE1063
FIGURE 24 ENERGY USE PER DAY OVER MONITORING PERIOD DURATION
RECOMMENDATIONS Over the duration of the project product availability and cost barriers to the adoption of AHE lighting for residential applications were identified Participating builders unanimously responsed that challenges for builders to be compliant with AHE lighting requirements include the economics associated with AHE lighting products and the limited availability of AHE lighting products that can be quickly purchased at a hardware store For the AHE lighting designs implemented in this study two of the three AHE lighting designs exceeded the typical lighting budget for the builders Programmatic recommendations to overcome these barriers if enacted will help increase widespread adoption of AHE systems Lighting systems that comply with the AHE definition range in performance and cost These ranges are predominantly linked to the lighting systemrsquos electrical architecture affecting controls compatibility heat transfer and allowable installation locations system efficiency light quality light output and component cost With recent developments in LED technology and electrical architecture Edison-based replacement lamp performance has improved and cost has reduced dramatically In addition to fixture integrated and GU-24 socket LED lighting solutions it is recommended that the AHE definition include lighting fixtures equipped with Edison sockets and installed with an Edison base source complying with the high-efficacy high-quality requirements If enacted the increased product availability and reduced cost of the Edison-based LED lamps meeting the high-efficacy high-quality requirements will help overcome barriers to the adoption of AHE lighting for residential applications
55
PGampErsquos Emerging Technologies Program ET13PGE1063
APPENDIX A ndash SURVEY QUESTIONS BUILDER SURVEY CONTENT
1 Describe the lighting design process for your team bull What is the primary driver(s) for lighting specification choices (ie cost T24
requirements customer preference fixture availability etc) bull At what point in your design process are appliance or energy codes such as T24
considered bull How often is your initial plan altered in order to comply with T24 requirements
2 What is your typical budget for lighting in a small mid-sized and large home
bull Does the lighting design or technologies used vary depending on the locale or price-point of the home If so how
bull Compared to other building systems how large an impact does lighting have on a homersquos budget (as a percent)
3 How difficult is it to find Title 24 compliant products for each of the following product
categories Not
Difficult Somewhat
Difficult Very
Difficult GU-24 familiarity Integral LEDs vs replacement lamps Quick connects New track lighting requirements
4 How often do homeowners ask for a lighting change after construction is completed
(Never Almost Never Occasionally Often) bull Do they try to replace luminaires with non-compliant alternatives (Never Almost
Never Occasionally Often) 5 What role do the utility companies play in your lighting design decision making process
bull Rebates and Incentives bull Marketing tools bull Other tasks
6 What challenges do you foresee arising that will make AHE compliance difficult
bull Economics ndash price of high efficacy products 90 CRI bull Education ndash does install team need to learn how to install new technologies bull Product availability ndash most products canrsquot be quickly purchased at hardware stores bull Other
7 With integral LED luminaires becoming part of Title 24 compliance do you foresee any
issues with end-users adopting this lighting appliance
56
PGampErsquos Emerging Technologies Program ET13PGE1063
HOMEOWNER SURVEY CONTENT 2 Please compare the lighting in your new home to the lighting in your previous home Do
you think that each of the following aspects of lighting is better worse or the same in your new home
Better Worse The same I donrsquot know I like the color of the lighthellip The light levels in the space arehellip Objects under the light lookhellip The aesthetic of the fixtures arehellip The lighting controllability ishellip The glare of the lighting ishellip
3 Rate your satisfaction with the AHE lighting in each room type in your new home Use
the following scale 1 Extremely dissatisfied 2 Dissatisfied 2 No difference in satisfaction from lighting in last home 3 Satisfied 4 Extremely satisfied
bull Kitchen 1 2 3 4 5 bull Bathroom 1 2 3 4 5 bull Common Living Spaces 1 2 3 4 5 bull Bedrooms 1 2 3 4 5 bull Dining Room 1 2 3 4 5 bull Garage 1 2 3 4 5
4 What type of lighting did you use in your previous home Circle all that apply a Linear fluorescent b Incandescent c CFLs d LEDs e Other _______________ f I donrsquot know
5 For one standard residential screw-base light fixture what is the most that you would
be willing to pay for a single light bulb
a $1-5 b $6-10 c $11-15 d $16+
6 Rate your familiarity with the following topics Use the following scale
1 I have never heard of it before 2 I have heard of this but am not sure exactly what it means
57
PGampErsquos Emerging Technologies Program ET13PGE1063
3 I am familiar with this concept but not an expert 4 I am an expert when it comes to this concept
bull GU-24 based lamps 1 2 3 4 bull LED replacement lamps 1 2 3 4 bull Integral LED luminaires 1 2 3 4 bull Adaptive lighting controls 1 2 3 4 bull Color Rendering Index 1 2 3 4 bull Correlated Color Temperature 1 2 3 4
7 How important to you is the ability to maintain your own lighting within your home
(Replace burnt-out light bulbsfixtures repair or replace controls etc) 1 Not at all important I can pay a technician to do those tasks 2 Important that I can replace light bulbs only 3 Important that I can replace light bulbs and ballastsdriversassociated
electronics 4 Important that I can perform any maintenance task necessary
58
PGampErsquos Emerging Technologies Program ET13PGE1063
APPENDIX B ndash AHE COMPLIANT PRODUCTS
CEILING-MOUNTED RECESSED LUMINAIRESCEILING-MOUNTED RECESSED LUMINAIRES
PRODUCT CCT CRI WATTSEFFICACY
(Lumens Watt)
Cree LED Lighting
4 ROUND DOWNLIGHT KR4-9L-27K-V KR4T-SSGC-
2700 K 90 13 W 50
Dasal Architectural Lighting
QUADRA LED TRIM 2-500--BRO-FL-9027-800
3000 K 95 12 W 52
Dasal Architectural Lighting STAR LITE XIC LED TRIM 2-167-01-BRO-FL-9027-800
2700 K 91 12 W 51
Designers Fountain
6 DIMMABLE LED6741A30
3000 K 95 14 W 61
dmf Lighting
4 5 6 LED DRD2M10927
2700 K 90 15 W 67
Elite Lighting
4 LED RETROFIT MODULE RL428-650L-DIMTR-120-30K-90-W-WH
3000 K 90 11 W 61
Energy Savings Technology
2 ADJUSTABLE LED DL2-D3
2964 K 92 15 W 55
Fahrenheit Lighting
6LED DME8927
2700 K 90 13 W 62
Halo Eatons Cooper Lighting business
NARROW FLOOD LIGHT RA406927NFLWH
2700 K 90 10 W 69
2013 TITLE 24 PART 626
Iris Products
35 APERTURE P3LED09FL40927E-E3MRC
2700 K 90 15 W 45
Liton
6 GU24 LED REFLECTOR LRELD602C-L10-T27
2700 K 85 12 W 48
MaxLite
6 RETROFIT RR61227WC
2700 K 81 12 W 63
Mini LED MultiSpot
MULTI-SPOT LIGHT MT-3LD11NA-F930-
3000 K 90 11 W 59
Portfolio
4 NEW CONSTRUCTION LD4AD010TE099274LM0H
3000 K 90 15 W 46
Prescolite (A Division of Hubbell Lighting)
6 NEW amp EXISTING CONSTRUCTION LB6LEDA10L27K9 BL
3500 K 83 12 W 66
Progress Lighting
6 DOWNLIGHT P8071-30K9-L10
3000 K 83 12 W 66
Tech Lighting
3 FIXED DOWNLIGHT E3W-LH927
2700 K 92 17 W 63
Tech Lighting
4 ADJUSTABLE DOWNLIGHT E4W-LH930--277
3000 K 93 31 W 66
PRODUCT CCT CRI WATTSEFFICACY (Lumens Watt)
27HIGH-EFFICACY RESIDENTIAL LIGHTING
CEILING-MOUNTED SURFACE LUMINAIRES
PRODUCT CCT CRI WATTSEFFICACY (Lumens Watt)
Hinkley Lighting
HADLEY 3301-LED
2700 K 90 32 W 65
Hinkley Lighting
BRANTLEY 4631-LED
2700 K 90 32 W 65
Hinkley Lighting
BOLLA 5551-LED
2700 K 90 32 W 65
Hinkley Lighting
FLUSH MOUNT 5551-LED
2700 K 96 32 W 60
Permlight
12 ROUND CLIPS FLUSH MOUNT XXX-5545
2700 K 90 26 W 64
Permlight
12 SQUARE FLUSH MOUNT XXX-5555
2700 K 90 26 W 64
Permlight
12 SQUARE FRAMED FLUSH MOUNT XXX-5565
2700 K 90 26 W 64
Permlight
CYLINDER FLUSH MOUNT XXX-6100
2700 K 90 13 W 64
Permlight
RECTANGLE FLUSH MOUNT XXX-6115
2700 K 90 13 W 64
2013 TITLE 24 PART 628
CEILING-MOUNTED SUSPENDED LUMINAIRES
PRODUCT CCT CRI WATTSEFFICACY (Lumens Watt)
Fredrick Ramond
MAPLE LOFT FR35002MPL
2700 K 90 6 W 45
Fredrick Ramond
WALNUT LOFT FR35018WAL
2700 K 90 6 W 45
Fredrick Ramond
CHERRY LOFT FR35027CHY
2700 K 90 6 W 45
Fredrick Ramond
BAMBOO ZEN FR46208BAM
2700 K 90 6 W 45
Hinkley Lighting
HATHAWAY 3220-LED
2700 K 90 32 W 60
Hinkley Lighting
ZELDA 3441-L720
2700 K 90 32 W 60
Hinkley Lighting
BOLLA 4651-LED
2700 K 90 32 W 60
29HIGH-EFFICACY RESIDENTIAL LIGHTING
WALL-MOUNTED LUMINAIRES
PRODUCT CCT CRI WATTSEFFICACY (Lumens Watt)
Hinkley Lighting
LEX 2714
2700 K 90 15 W 53
Hinkley Lighting
LANZA 5590-LED
2700 K 90 8 W 60
Hinkley Lighting
LATITUDE 5650-LED
2700 K 90 8 W 60
Permlight
SMALL RECTANGLE XXX-0910
2700 K 90 13 W 64
Permlight
SMALL CYLINDER XXX-0940
2700 K 90 13 W 64
Permlight
TRIANGLE WALL SCONCE XXX-1141
2700 K 90 13 W 64
Permlight
LARGE CYLINDER XXX-1411
2700 K 90 26 W 64
Permlight
SMALL CROSS WINDOW XXX-7285
2700 K 90 13 W 64
2013 TITLE 24 PART 630
UNDERCABINET LUMINAIRES
PRODUCT CCT CRI WATTSEFFICACY (Lumens Watt)
Aion LED
A-TRACK LIGHT ENGINE 3924-29-
2950 K 92 1 W 80
Diode LED
AVENUE 24 PREMIUM LED TAPE DI-24V-AV50-90
5000 K 90 2 W 85
EcoSense
48 ECOSPEC LINEAR LCILH-12-27-120-120
4000 K 90 3 W 58
EcoSense
12 ECOSPEC LINEAR LCISH-12-27-120-120
4000 K 90 4 W 55
Nora Lighting
6 LED LIGHT BAR NULB-6LED9
3000 K 90 3 W 38
Tech Lighting
UNILUME LED LIGHT BAR 700UCRD07930-LED
3000 K 91 4 W 74
Tech Lighting
UNILUME LED MICRO CHANNEL 700UMCD304930
3000 K 90 13 W 63
WAC Lighting
INVISLED PRO2 LED-TX2427-
2700 K 90 4 W 81
31HIGH-EFFICACY RESIDENTIAL LIGHTING
VANITY LUMINAIRES
PRODUCT CCT CRI WATTSEFFICACY (Lumens Watt)
Hinkley Lighting
DARIA 3-LED 55483-LED
2700 K 90 24 W 60
Hinkley Lighting
DARIA 3-LED 55484-LED
2700 K 90 32 W 60
Hinkley Lighting
MERIDIAN 3-LED 5593-LED
2700 K 90 24 W 60
Hinkley Lighting
DUET 2-LED 5612-LED
2700 K 90 16 W 60
Hinkley Lighting
DUET 5-LED 5615-LED
2700 K 90 40 W 60
Hinkley Lighting
LATITUDE 4-LED 5654-LED
2700 K 90 32 W 60
Hinkley Lighting
DAPHNE 2-LED 5922-LED
2700 K 90 16 W 60
Hinkley Lighting
DAPHNE 5-LED 5925-LED
2700 K 90 40 W 60
2013 TITLE 24 PART 632
PGampErsquos Emerging Technologies Program ET13PGE1063
APPENDIX C ndash MEASUREMENT AND DATA COLLECTION EQUIPMENT SPECIFICATIONS
Revenue-grade Energy and Power MetersThe WattNode Revenue meters are designed for use in applications where revenue-grade or utility-grade accu-racy is required The WattNode Revenue meters meet the accuracy requirements of ANSI C121 and support Modbusreg BACnetreg or LonTalkreg communications proto-cols or a pulse output
The WatttNode Revenue marks a new level of per-formance for the WattNode brand of electric power meters The WattNode Revenue electric power meters are optimized for tenant submetering in residential and commercial spaces PV energy generation metering UMCS metering on military bases and more
The WattNode Revenue meters are designed for 120208 and 277480 Vac applications For ANSI C121 accuracy current transformers compliant with IEEE C5713 Class 06 are required Each meter is calibrated using NIST traceable equipment following the procedures
reg reg reg
WATTNODE REVENUE for BACnet
WATTNODE REVENUE for Modbus
WATTNODE REVENUE for LonWorks
WATTNODE REVENUE Pulse
CURRENT TRANSFORMERS
New
ANSI C12 Load Performance Test - RWNC-3Y-208-MB WattNode Revenue
Current (Percent of Fullscale)
Ener
gy (P
erce
nt R
egis
trat
ion)
1 2 3 10 15 30 50 75 90 100
1020
1015
1010
1005
1000
995
990
985
980
C121 Limit
C121 Limit
RWNC-3Y-208-MB
1
19 SymbolsRead understand and follow all instructions including warnings and precautions before installing and using the product
Potential Shock Hazard from Dangerous High Voltage
Functional ground should be connected to earth ground if possible but is not required for safety grounding
UL Listing mark This shows the UL and cUL (Canadian) listing mark
FCC Mark This logo indicates compliance with part 15 of the FCC rules
Complies with the regulations of the European Union for Product Safety and Electro-Magnetic Compatibilitybull Low Voltage Directive ndash EN 61010-1 2001bull EMC Directive ndash EN 61327 1997 + A11998 + A22001
V~ This indicates an AC voltage
2 OverviewCongratulations on your purchase of the WattNodereg Pulse wattwatt-hour trans-ducer The WattNode meter enables you to make power and energy measure-ments within electric service panels avoiding the costly installation of subpanels and associated wiring It is designed for use in demand side management (DSM) submetering and energy monitoring applications
21 Additional LiteratureSee the Continental Control Systems LLC website (wwwccontrolsyscom)for product pages datasheets and support pages for all WattNode meter mod-els and current transformers Each WattNode model has an Operating and Reference Guide with detailed information on the available measurements and interface
22 Electrical Service TypesTable 1 above lists the WattNode models and common circuit types In the ldquoElectrical Service Typesrdquo column when two voltages are listed with a slash between them they indicate the line-to-neutral line-to-line voltages The ldquoLine-to-Neutralrdquo and ldquoLine-to-Linerdquo columns show the operating ranges for the WattNode meters
Connect the line voltages to the meter inputs as shown in the following figures for each service type See Figure 1 above for an overview
Ground
WH
ITE
BLA
CK
OslashB CT
OslashC CT
OslashA CT
OslashB
OslashC
N
OslashA
GND or CommonInput or Positive
Monitoring Equip-ment or Display
P1P2P3
COM
Out
put
Status
Status
Status
WATTNODEreg PULSE
WNB-WNB- -P
-P
Neutral
Phase A
Phase B
Phase C
LOA
D
WHITEBLACK
WH
ITE
BLA
CK
LINE
SourceFaces
CurrentTransformers
3Y-xxx3D-xxx
Figure 1 WattNode Wiring Diagram
ElectricalService (or Load) Types
Line-to-Neutral (Vac)
Line-to-Line(Vac)
WattNode Service
Type
MeterPowered
by1 Phase 2 Wire 120V with neutral 96 ndash 138 na 3Y-208 N and OslashA1 Phase 2 Wire 230V with neutral (non-US) 184 ndash 264 na 3Y-400 N and OslashA1 Phase 2 Wire 277V with neutral 222 ndash 318 na 3Y-480 N and OslashA1 Phase 2 Wire 208V no neutral na 166 ndash 276 3D-240 OslashA and OslashB1 Phase 2 Wire 240V no neutral na 166 ndash 276 3D-240 OslashA and OslashB
1 Phase 3 Wire 120V240V with neutral 96 ndash 138 166 ndash 2763Y-208 N and OslashA3D-240 OslashA and OslashB
3 Phase 3 Wire Delta 208V no neutral na 166 ndash 276 3D-240 OslashA and OslashB3 Phase 3 Wire Delta 400V no neutral (non-US) na 320 ndash 460 3D-400 OslashA and OslashB3 Phase 3 Wire Delta 480V no neutral na 384 ndash 552 3D-480 OslashA and OslashB
3 Phase 4 Wire Wye 120V208V with neutral 96 ndash 138 166 ndash 2763Y-208 N and OslashA3D-240 OslashA and OslashB
3 Phase 4 Wire Delta 120208240V with neutral 96 ndash 138 166 ndash 276 3D-240 OslashA and OslashB3 Phase 4 Wire Wye 230V400V with neutral (non-US) 184 ndash 264 320 ndash 460
3Y-400 N and OslashA3D-400 OslashA and OslashB
3 Phase 4 Wire Wye 277V480V with neutral 222 ndash 318 384 ndash 5523Y-480 N and OslashA3D-480 OslashA and OslashB
3 Phase 4 Wire Delta 240415480V with neutral 222 ndash 318 384 ndash 552 3D-480 OslashA and OslashB3 Phase 4 Wire Wye 347V600V with neutral 278 ndash 399 480 ndash 690 3Y-600 N and OslashA
Table 1 WattNode Models
WATTNODE reg PULSEand
WATTNODEreg REVENUEElectric Power MeterInstallation Manual
Series - Service - Interface Options______ - _______ - ________
3Y-2083Y-4003Y-4803Y-6003D-2403D-4003D-480
P = Pulse
See website for options
WNB = Second generationRWNB = Revenue second generation
1 Precautions11 Only qualified personnel or licensed electri-
cians should install the WattNode meter The mains voltages of 120 to 600 Vac can be lethal
12 Follow all applicable local and national electri-cal and safety codes
13 The terminal block screws are not insulated Do not contact metal tools to the screw termi-nals if the circuit is live
14 Verify that circuit voltages and currents are within the proper range for the meter model
15 Use only UL listed or UL recognized current transformers (CTs) with built-in burden resis-tors that generate 0333 Vac (333 millivolts AC) at rated current Do not use current output (ratio) CTs such as 1 amp or 5 amp output CTs they will destroy the meter and may create a shock hazard
16 Protect the line voltage inputs to the meter with fuses or circuit breakers (not needed for the neutral or ground wires) See 331 below
17 Equipment must be disconnected from the HAZARDOUS LIVE voltages before access
18 If the meter is not installed correctly the safety protections may be impaired
2
221 Single-Phase Two-Wire with NeutralThis is a common residential and branch circuit connection Up to three such circuits may be monitored with one meter by also using the OslashB and OslashC inputs
Ground
OslashB
OslashC
N
OslashA
WATTN
OD
Ereg
NeutralLine
222 Single-Phase Two-Wire No NeutralThis circuit occurs in residential (commonly 120240 Vac) and some commercial applications The meter is powered from the OslashA and OslashB terminals We recom-mend connecting the N terminal to ground to provide a clean voltage reference for the measurement circuitry (no current will flow through this terminal)
Ground
OslashB
OslashC
N
OslashA
WATTN
OD
Ereg
L1L2
223 Single-Phase Three-Wire with NeutralThis is a common residential service at 120240 Vac
Ground
OslashB
OslashC
N
OslashA
WATTN
OD
Ereg
NeutralL1L2
224 Three-Phase Three-Wire Delta No NeutralThis is common in commercial and industrial settings In some cases the service may be four-wire wye but the load may only be three wire (no neutral)
Occasionally a load will only be connected to two of the three lines (say L1 and L2) For this case connect the two active lines to the OslashA and OslashB terminals and connect two CTs for the two lines
Ground
OslashB
OslashC
N
OslashA
WATTN
OD
Ereg
L1L2L3
225 Three-Phase Four-Wire Wye with NeutralThis is a common commercial and industrial service
Ground
OslashB
OslashC
N
OslashA
WATTN
OD
Ereg
NeutralL1L2L3
226 Three-Phase Four-Wire Delta with Neutral (Wild Leg)The uncommon four-wire delta electrical service is a three-phase delta service with a center-tap on one of the transformer windings to create a neutral for single-phase loads
The high-leg or phase with the higher voltage as measured to neutral has tra-ditionally been designated ldquoPhase Brdquo A change to the 2008 NEC now allows the high leg of a four-wire three-phase delta service to be labeled as the ldquoCrdquo phase instead of the ldquoBrdquo phase The WattNode meter will work correctly with the high-leg connected to OslashA OslashB or OslashC
See the web article Four Wire Delta Circuits for more information
Ground
OslashB
OslashC
N
OslashA
WATTN
OD
Ereg
NeutralL1L2L3
227 Grounded Leg ServiceIn rare cases with delta services or single-phase two-wire services without neutral one of the phases may be grounded
The WattNode meter will correctly measure services with a grounded leg but the measured voltage and power for the grounded phase will be zero and the status LEDs (if present) will not light for the grounded phase because the volt-age is near zero Also this type of service may result in unusual power factors
See the web article Grounded Leg Services for more information
3 Installation31 Installation ChecklistSee the sections referenced below for installation details
Mount the WattNode meter (see 32)Turn off power before making line voltage connectionsConnect circuit breakers or fuses and disconnects (see 331)Connect the line voltage wires to the meterrsquos green terminal block (see 332)Mount the CTs around the line conductors Make sure the CTs face the source (see 34)Connect the twisted white and black wires from the CTs to the black terminal block on the meter matching the wire colors to the white and black dots on the meter label (see 341)Check that the CT phases match the line voltage phases (see 34)Record the CT rated current for each meter because it will be required during commissioningConnect the output terminals of the WattNode meter to the monitoring equipment (see 35)Check that all the wires are securely installed in the terminal blocks by tugging on each wireApply power to the meterVerify that the LEDs indicate correct operation (see 42)
32 MountingProtect the meter from temperatures below ndash30degC (-22degF) or above 55degC (131degF) excessive moisture dust salt spray or other contamination using a NEMA rated enclosure if necessary The meter requires an environment no worse than pollution degree 2 (normally only non-conductive pollution occasionally a temporary conductivity caused by condensation)The meter must be installed in an electrical service panel an enclosure or a limited access electrical roomDo not use the meter as a drilling guide the drill chuck can damage the screw terminals and metal shavings may fall into the connectors
The meter has two mounting holes spaced 1366 mm (5375 in) apart (center-to-center) These mounting holes are normally obscured by the detachable screw terminals Remove the screw terminals to mark the hole positions and mount the meter
Self-tapping 8 sheet metal screws are included Donrsquot over-tighten the screws as long-term stress on the case can cause cracking
33 Connect Voltage Terminals331 Circuit ProtectionThe WattNode meter is considered ldquopermanently connected equipmentrdquo and requires a disconnect means (circuit breaker switch or disconnect) and over-current protection (fuse or circuit breaker)
The meter only draws 10-30 milliamps so the rating of any switches discon-nects fuses andor circuit breakers is determined by the wire gauge the mains voltage and the current interrupting rating required
3
The switch disconnect or circuit breaker must be as close as practicable to the meter and must be easy to operateUse circuit breakers or fuses rated for 20 amps or lessUse ganged circuit breakers when monitoring more than one line voltageThe circuit breakers or fuses must protect the mains terminals labeled OslashA OslashB and OslashC If neutral is also protected then the overcurrent protec-tion device must interrupt both neutral and the ungrounded conductors simultaneouslyThe circuit protection disconnect system must meet IEC 60947-1 and IEC 60947-3 as well as all national and local electrical codes
332 Line WiringAlways disconnect power before connecting the line voltage inputs to the meterFor the line voltage wires CCS recommends 16 to 12 AWG stranded wire type THHN MTW or THWN 600 VDo not place more than one voltage wire in a screw terminal use separate wire nuts or terminal blocks if neededVerify that the line voltages match the line-to-line Oslash-Oslash and line-to-neutral Oslash-N values printed in the white box on the front label
Connect each line voltage to the appropriate phase also connect ground and neutral (if applicable) The neutral connection ldquoNldquo is not required on delta mod-els (3D-240 3D-400 and 3D-480) but we recommend connecting it to ground if neutral is not present
The screw terminals handle wire up to 12 AWG Connect each voltage line to the green terminal block as shown in Figure 1 above After the voltage lines have been connected make sure both terminal blocks are fully seated in the meter
When power is first applied check that the LEDs behave normally on models with status LEDs if you see them flashing red-green-red-green (see Figure 7) the line voltage is too high for this model so disconnect the power immediately
333 GroundingThe WattNode uses a plastic enclosure insulation and internal isolation bar-riers instead of protective earthing The ground terminal on the green screw terminal block is a functional ground designed to improve the measurement accuracy and noise immunity If necessary this terminal may be left discon-nected on wye models (-3Y)
34 Connect Current TransformersTo meet the UL listing requirements the WattNode meter may only be used with the following UL listed or UL recognized voltage output current transformer models These all generate 33333 millivolts AC at rated current See the cur-rent transformer datasheets for CT ratings
ACT-0750-xxx CTL-1250-xxx CTM-0360-xxxCTS-0750-xxx CTS-1250-xxx CTS-2000-xxxxCTB-wwwXhhh-xxxx CTBL-wwwXhhh-xxxx CTT-0300-xxxCTT-0500-xxx CTT-0750-xxx CTT-1000-xxxCTT-1250-xxx
ldquoxxxrdquo indicates the full scale current ratingldquowwwrdquo and ldquohhhrdquo indicate the width and height in inchesldquoddddrdquo indicates the opening diameter of the loop for flexible Rogowski CTs
See the web article Selecting Current Transformers for information on se-lecting appropriate current transformers (CTs)
Do not use ratio or current output CTs such as 1 amp or 5 amp output modelsSee the CT datasheets for the maximum input current ratingsBe careful to match the CTs with the voltage phases Make sure the OslashA CTis measuring the current on the same phase being monitored by OslashA and the same for phases B and C Use the supplied colored labels or colored tape to identify the CT leadsTo minimize current measurement noise avoid extending the CT wires especially in noisy environments If it is necessary to extend the wires use twisted pair wire 22 to 14 AWG rated for 300 V or 600 V (not less than the service voltage) and shielded if possibleFind the source arrow or label ldquoTHIS SIDE TOWARD SOURCErdquo on the CT and facepoint toward the source of currentOPTIONAL if you see spurious readings on unused phases jumper the unused CT inputs for each unused CT connect a short wire from the terminal marked with a white dot to the terminal marked with a black dot
To install the CTs pass the conductor to be measured through the CT and con-nect the CT leads to the meter Always remove power before disconnecting any live conductors Put the line conductors through the CTs as shown in Figure 1 above
CTs are directional If they are mounted backwards or with their white and black wires swapped the measured power will be negative The status LEDs indicate negative measured power by flashing red
Split-core CTs can be opened for installation around a conductor A nylon cable tie may be secured around the CT to prevent inadvertent opening
341 CT WiringConnect the white and black CT wires to the meter terminals marked OslashA CTOslashB CT and OslashC CT (see Figure 1 above) Excess length may be trimmed from the wires if desired The current transformers connect to the six position black screw terminal block Connect each CT with the white wire aligned with the white dot on the label and the black wire aligned with the black dot Note the order in which the phases are connected as the line voltage phases mustmatch the current phases for accurate power measurement
35 Connect the Output SignalsThe meter outputs are isolated from dangerous voltages so you can con-nect them at any timeIf the output wiring is near line voltage wiring use wires or cables with a 300 V or 600 V rating (not less than the service voltage)If the output wiring is near bare conductors it should be double insulated or jacketedYou may install two wires into each screw terminal by twisting the wires to-gether inserting them into terminal and securely tightening Note a loose wire can disable an entire network section Use twisted-pair cable (unshielded or shielded) to prevent interference
351 WattNode Pulse OutputsUse the following directions when connecting the pulse outputs of a WattNode Pulse meter
The outputs P1 P2 and P3 should not be connected to negative voltages or to voltages greater than +60 VdcFor long distances use shielded twisted-pair cable to prevent interference With shielded cable connect the shield to earth ground at one endIf you need to add pull-up resistors see the Operating and Reference Guide
The WattNode pulse outputs may be connected to most devices that expect a contact closure or relay input See the Operating and Reference Guide for more complex connection information
Common (or GND)Input (Positive)
Monitoring Equipment or Display
Input (Positive)Input (Positive)
P1P2P3
COM
Out
put
WATTNODE
The following table shows the pulse output channel assignments for the stan-dard bidirectional outputs and for the optional per-phase outputs (Option P3)
PulseOutputs
P1Output
P2Output
P3Output
Standard Outputs - Bidirectional
Positive energy - all phases
Negative energy - all phases Not used
Option P3Per-Phase Outputs
Phase A positive energy
Phase B positive energy
Phase C positive energy
Option PVPhotovoltaic
Phase A+B pos energy
Phase A+B neg energy
Phase C positive energy
Option DPO Dual Positive Outputs
Positive energy - all phases
Negative energy - all phases
Positive energy - all phases
Table 2 Pulse Output Assignments
4
4 Operation41 Initial ConfigurationFor WattNode Pulse meters the only required configuration will be in the data logger or pulse counting device which must be configured with the correct scale factors to convert from pulses to energy (kWh)
For details on configuring the WattNode meter see the appropriate Operating and Reference Guide for your model
The meter does not include a display or buttons so it is not possible to configure or monitor the meter directly other than the basic LED diagnostics described below
42 Power Status LEDsThe three status LEDs on the front of the meter can help indicate correct opera-tion The ldquoArdquo ldquoBrdquo and ldquoCrdquo on the diagrams indicate the three phases
421 Normal StartupThe meter displays the following startup sequence whenever power is first applied
10sec10sec10sec
GreenYellowRed
GreenYellowRed
GreenYellowRed
CBA
422 Positive PowerAny phase with the LEDs flashing green is indicating normal positive power
Green Off Green Off Green Off
423 No PowerAny phase with a solid green LED indicates no power but line voltage is pres-ent
Green
424 No VoltageAny phase LED that is off indicates no voltage on that phase
Off
425 Negative PowerRed flashing indicates negative power for that phase Reversed CTs swapped CT wires or CTs not matched with line voltage phases can cause this
Red Off Red Off Red OffC
426 Overvoltage WarningThe following indicates that the line voltage is too high for this model Discon-nect power immediately Check the line voltages and the meter ratings (in the white box on the label)
10sec
GR GR GR GR GR GR
GR GR GR GR GR GR
GR GR GR GR GR GRCBA
427 Meter Not OperatingIf none of the LEDs light then check that the correct line voltages are applied to the meter If the voltages are correct call customer service for assistance
Off
Off
Off
CBA
428 WattNode ErrorIf the meter experiences an internal error it will light all LEDs red for three or more seconds If you see this happen repeatedly return the meter for service
30sec
Red
Red
Red
CBA
For other LED patterns see the Operating and Reference Guide or contact support for assistance
43 MonitoringThe meter does not include a display or buttons so it is not possible to oper-ate the meter directly The following is a brief overview of the possible remote monitoring
The WattNode Pulse models uses optoisolator outputs that simulate contact closures These are generally connected to a datalogger or similar monitor-ing device which can count pulses to measure energy See the Operating and Reference Guide for equations to scale pulse counts and frequencies to energy and power
44 Maintenance and RepairThe WattNode meter requires no maintenance It is not user serviceable and there are no replaceable parts except the pluggable screw terminals There are no diagnostic tests that can be performed by the user other than checking for errors via the status LEDs
In the event of any failure the meter must be returned for service (contact CCS for an RMA) For a new installation follow the diagnostic and troubleshooting instructions in the Operating and Reference Guide before returning the meter for service to ensure that the problem is not connection related
The WattNode meter should not normally need to be cleaned but if cleaning is desired power must be disconnected first and a dry or damp cloth or brush should be used
5 SpecificationsThe following is a list of basic specifications For extended specifications see the Operating and Reference Guide
51 AccuracyThe following accuracy specifications do not include errors caused by the cur-rent transformer accuracy or phase angle errors ldquoRated currentrdquo is the current that generates a CT output voltage of 033333 Vac
511 Normal OperationLine voltage -20 to +15 of nominalPower factor 10Frequency 48 - 62 HzAmbient Temperature 23degC plusmn 5degCCT Current 5 - 100 of rated current
Accuracy plusmn05 of reading
For accuracy at other conditions see the reference guide
52 MeasurementUpdate Rate Internally all measurements are performed at this rate
~200 millisecondsStart-Up Time the meter starts measuring powerenergy and reporting mea-surements or generating pulses this long after AC voltage is applied
~500 millisecondsDefault CT Phase Angle Correction 00 degrees
5
53 Models and Electrical SpecificationsThe service ldquo3Y-208rdquo applies to the model WNB-3Y-208-P RWNB-3Y-208-Pand so on for the other service types
Service Nominal Vac Line-to-Neutral
Nominal Vac Line-to-Line Phases Wires
3Y-208 120 208ndash240 1 - 3 2 - 43Y-400 230 400 1 - 3 2 - 43Y-480 277 480 1 - 3 2 - 43Y-600 347 600 1 - 3 2 - 43D-240 120 208ndash240 1 - 3 2 - 43D-400 230 400 3 2 - 43D-480 277 480 3 2 - 4
Table 3 WattNode Model Service Types
for measuring wye circuits In the absence of neutral voltages are measured with respect to ground Delta WattNode models use the phase A and phase B connections for power
Over-Voltage Limit 125 of nominal Vac Extended over-voltage operation can damage the WattNode and void the warranty
Over-Current Limit 120 of rated current Exceeding 120 of rated cur-rent will not harm the WattNode meter but the current and power will not be measured accurately
Maximum Surge 4kV according to EN 61000-4-5Power Consumption The following tables shows maximum volt-amperes the power supply ranges typical power consumption and typical power fac-tor values with all three phases powered at nominal line voltages The power supply draws most of the total power consumed while the measurement circuitry draws 1-10 of the total (6-96 milliwatts per phase depending on the model) Due to the design of the power supply WattNode meters draw slightly more power at 50 Hz
Service Rated VA (1)
Power Supply Range (Vac)
Power Supply Terminals
3Y-208 4 VA 96 ndash 138 N and OslashA3Y-400 4 VA 184 ndash 264 N and OslashA3Y-480 4 VA 222 ndash 318 N and OslashA3Y-600 4 VA 278 ndash 399 N and OslashA3D-240 4 VA 166 ndash 276 OslashA and OslashB3D-400 3 VA 320 ndash 460 OslashA and OslashB3D-480 3 VA 384 ndash 552 OslashA and OslashB
Table 4 Service Volt-Amperes and Power Supply Range(1) Rated VA is the maximum at 115 of nominal Vac at 50 Hz This
is the same as the value that appears on the front label of the meter
Service Real Power (60 Hz)
Real Power (50 Hz)
Power Factor
3Y-208 16 W 18 W 0753Y-400 16 W 18 W 0643Y-480 21 W 24 W 0633Y-600 12 W 12 W 0473D-240 17 W 19 W 0633D-400 14 W 15 W 0473D-480 18 W 22 W 053
Table 5 Power Consumption
Maximum Power Supply Voltage Range -20 to +15 of nominal (see table above) For the 3D-240 service this is -20 of 208 Vac (166 Vac) to +15 of 240 Vac (276 Vac)
Operating Frequencies 5060 HzMeasurement Category CAT IIIMeasurement category III is for measurements performed in the building installation Examples are measurements on distribution boards circuit-breakers wiring including cables bus-bars junction boxes switches sock-et-outlets in the fixed installation and equipment for industrial use and some
other equipment for example stationary motors with permanent connection to the fixed installation
The line voltage measurement terminals on the meter are rated for the fol-lowing CAT III voltages (these ratings appear on the front label)
Service CAT III Voltage Rating3Y-2083D-240 240 Vac
3Y-4003D-400 400 Vac
3Y-4803D-480 480 Vac
3Y-600 600 VacTable 6 WattNode CAT III Ratings
Current Transformer InputsNominal Input Voltage (At CT Rated Current) 033333 Vac RMSAbsolute Maximum Input Voltage 50 Vac RMSInput Impedance at 5060 Hz
54 Pulse OutputsFull-Scale Pulse FrequenciesStandard (All Models) 400 HzCustom (Bidirectional) 001 Hz to 600 HzCustom (Option P3 Option PV Option DPO) 001 Hz to 150 Hz
Absolute Maximum Pulse Output FrequenciesStandard Models (Bidirectional) 900 HzOption P3 Option PV Option DPO 200 Hz
Output Waveform square-wave ~50 duty cycleOption PW programmable pulse ON (closed or conducting period 1 to 65535 milliseconds
Optoisolator OutputsIsolation 5000 Vac RMSBreakdown Voltage (collectorndashemitter) 60 V (exceeding this may destroy the outputs)
Maximum Reverse Voltage (emitter-collector) 5 Vdc (exceeding may destroy the outputs)
Maximum Leakage (OFF) Current (collectorndashemitter) 100 nARecommended Load Current (collectorndashemitter)mA (milliamp)
Maximum Load Current ~8 mA
55 CertificationsSafety
UL 61010-1CANCSA-C222 No 61010-1-04IEC 61010-1
Immunity EN 61326 2002 (Industrial Locations)Electrostatic Discharge EN 61000-4-2Radiated RF Immunity EN 61000-4-3Electrical Fast Transient Burst EN 61000-4-4Surge Immunity EN 61000-4-5Conducted RF Immunity EN 61000-4-6Voltage Dips Interrupts EN 61000-4-11
EmissionsFCC Part 15 Class BEN 55022 1994 Class B
56 EnvironmentalOperating Temperature -30degC to +55degC (-22degF to 131degF)Altitude Up to 2000 m (6560 ft)Operating Humidity non-condensing 5 to 90 relative humidity (RH) up to 40degC decreasing linearly to 50 RH at 55degC
Pollution POLLUTION DEGREE 2 - Normally only non-conductive pollu-tion occasionally a temporary conductivity caused by condensation must be expected
Indoor Use Suitable for indoor use
6
Outdoor Use Suitable for outdoor use if mounted inside an electrical enclo-sure (Hammond Mfg Type EJ Series) rated NEMA 3R or 4 (IP 66)
57 MechanicalEnclosure High impact ABSPC plasticFlame Resistance Rating UL 94V-0 IEC FV-0Size 153 mm times 85 mm times 38 mm (602 in times 335 in times 150 in)
Connectors Euroblock pluggable terminal blocksGreen up to 12 AWG (25 mm2) 600 VBlack up to 12 AWG (25 mm2) 300 V
58 FCC InformationThis equipment has been tested and complies with the limits for a Class B digital device pursuant to part 15 of the FCC Rules Operation is subject to the following two conditions (1) This device may not cause harmful interference and (2) this device must accept any interference received including interfer-ence that may cause undesired operation
The FCC limits are designed to provide reasonable protection against harmful interference in a residential installation This equipment generates uses and can radiate radio frequency energy and if not installed and used in accordance with the instructions may cause harmful interference to radio communications However there is no guarantee that interference will not occur in a particular installation If this equipment does cause harmful interference to radio or televi-sion reception which can be determined by turning the equipment off and on the user is encouraged to try to correct the interference by one or more of the following measures
Reorient or relocate the receiving antennaIncrease the separation between the equipment and receiverConnect the equipment into an outlet on a circuit different from that to which the receiver is connectedConsult the dealer or an experienced radioTV technician for help
59 WarrantyAll products sold by Continental Control Systems LLC (CCS) are guaranteed against defects in material and workmanship for a period of five years from the original date of shipment CCSrsquos responsibility is limited to repair replace-ment or refund any of which may be selected by CCS at its sole discretion CCS reserves the right to substitute functionally equivalent new or serviceable used parts
WattNode Logger models include a lithium battery to preserve the date and time during power failures CCS will replace or provide a replacement battery at no charge if the battery fails within five years from the original date of shipment
This warranty covers only defects arising under normal use and does not in-clude malfunctions or failures resulting from misuse neglect improper appli-cation improper installation water damage acts of nature lightning product modifications alterations or repairs by anyone other than CCS
Except as set forth herein CCS makes no warranties expressed or im-plied and CCS disclaims and negates all other warranties including without limitation implied warranties of merchantability and fitness for a particular purpose
510 Limitation of LiabilityIn no event shall CCS be liable for any indirect special incidental puni-tive or consequential damages of any kind or nature arising out of the sale or use of its products whether such liability is asserted on the basis of contract tort or otherwise including without limitation lost profits even if CCS has been advised of the possibility of such damages
Customer acknowledges that CCSrsquos aggregate liability to Customer relat-ing to or arising out of the sale or use of CCSrsquos products whether such liability is asserted on the basis of contract tort or otherwise shall not exceed the purchase price paid by Customer for the products in respect of which damages are claimed Customer specifically acknowledges that CCSrsquos price for the products is based upon the limitations of CCSrsquos liability set forth herein
copy2009-2013 Continental Control Systems LLCDocument Number WN-Inst-P-101Revision Date April 18 2013Continental Control Systems LLC3131 Indian Rd Boulder CO 80301 USA(303) 444-7422 httpwwwccontrolsyscombull WattNode is a registered trademark of Continental Control Systems LLC
httpwwwccontrolsyscom Rev V17b
Continental Control Systems LLC
(M5)
WATTNODE reg PULSEInstallation and Operation Manual
WNB-3Y-208-P
WNB-3Y-400-P
WNB-3Y-480-P
WNB-3Y-600-P
WNB-3D-240-P
WNB-3D-400-P
WNB-3D-480-P
2
Information in this document is subject to change without notice
copy2007-2011 Continental Control Systems LLC All rights reserved
Printed in the United States of America
Document Number WNB-P-V17b
Revision Date November 30 2011
Continental Control Systems LLC
3131 Indian Rd Suite A
Boulder CO 80301
(303) 444-7422
FAX (303) 444-2903
E-mail techsupportccontrolsyscom
Web httpwwwccontrolsyscom
WattNode is a registered trademark of Continental Control Systems LLC
FCC InformationThis equipment has been tested and complies with the limits for a Class B digital device pursu-
ant to part 15 of the FCC Rules Operation is subject to the following two conditions (1) This
device may not cause harmful interference and (2) this device must accept any interference
received including interference that may cause undesired operation
The FCC limits are designed to provide reasonable protection against harmful interference in a
residential installation This equipment generates uses and can radiate radio frequency energy
and if not installed and used in accordance with the instructions may cause harmful interfer-
ence to radio communications However there is no guarantee that interference will not occur in
a particular installation If this equipment does cause harmful interference to radio or television
reception which can be determined by turning the equipment off and on the user is encouraged
to try to correct the interference by one or more of the following measures
Reorient or relocate the receiving antenna
Increase the separation between the equipment and receiver
Connect the equipment into an outlet on a circuit different from that to which the receiver is
connected
Consult the dealer or an experienced radioTV technician to help
Contents 3
ContentsOverview 4
Pulse Outputs 4
Diagnostic LEDs 4
Current Transformers 4
Additional Literature 4
Front Label 5
Installation 7Precautions 7
Electrical Service Types 8
Single-Phase Two-Wire with Neutral 8
Single-Phase Three-Wire (Mid-Point Neutral) 9
Single-Phase Two-Wire without Neutral 10
Three-Phase Four-Wire Wye 11
Three-Phase Three-Wire Delta Without Neutral 12
Three-Phase Four-Wire Delta (Wild Leg) 12
Grounded Leg Service 12
Mounting 13
Selecting Current Transformers 14
Connecting Current Transformers 15
Circuit Protection 16
Connecting Voltage Terminals 17
Connecting Pulse Outputs 17
Output Assignments 18
Pull-Up Resistor Selection 19
Installation Summary 19
Installation LED Diagnostics 20
Measurement Troubleshooting 22
Operating Instructions 24Pulse Outputs 24
Power and Energy Computation 25
Power and Energy Equations 27
Maintenance and Repair 29
Specifications 30Models 30
Model Options 30
Accuracy 31
Measurement 32
Pulse Outputs 32
Electrical 33
Certifications 35
Environmental 35
Mechanical 35
Current Transformers 35
Warranty 37Limitation of Liability 37
4 Overview
OverviewCongratulations on your purchase of the WattNodereg Pulse wattwatt-hour transducermeter
It accurately measures energy and power in a compact package The WattNode meter can fit
in existing electric service panels avoiding the costly installation of sub-panels and associated
wiring It is designed for use in demand side management (DSM) sub-metering and energy
monitoring applications The WattNode meter generates pulses proportional to total watt-hours
The pulse rate or frequency is proportional to the instantaneous power Models are available for
single-phase and three-phase wye and delta configurations for voltages from 120 Vac to 600 Vac
at 50 and 60 Hz
Pulse OutputsThe WattNode meter generates pulse outputs using one or more optoisolators (also called
photocouplers) These provide 5000 Vac of electrical isolation The pulse outputs can interface to
monitoring or data logging hardware without concerns about interference ground loops shock
hazard etc
The standard Pulse WattNode meter makes bidirectional power measurements (energy consump-
tion and energy production) It can be used for conventional power and energy measurement as
well as for net metering and photovoltaic (PV) applications
Option P3 - The per-phase measurement option measures one two or three separate
branch circuits with a single meter saving money and space
Option PV - The photovoltaic option measures residential PV systems One WattNode meter
measures the bidirectional total house energy and the PV (or wind) generated energy See
Manual Supplement MS-10 Option PV (Photovoltaic) for details
Options DPO - The dual positive outputs option behaves exactly like the standard bidirec-
tional model but with the addition of a second positive pulse output channel (on the P3
output terminal) This allows you to connect to two devices such as a display and a data
logger See Manual Supplement MS-11 Option DPO (Dual Positive Outputs) for details
See Model Options (p 30) in the Specifications section below for details and more options
Diagnostic LEDsThe Pulse WattNode meter includes three diagnostic LEDsmdashone per phase During normal
operation these LEDs flash on and off with the speed of flashing roughly proportional to the
power on each phase The LEDs flash green for positive power and red for negative power Other
conditions are signaled with different LED patterns See the Installation LED Diagnostics (p 20) section for full details
Current TransformersThe WattNode meter uses solid-core (toroidal) split-core (opening) and bus-bar style current
transformers (CTs) with a full-scale voltage output of 033333 Vac Split-core and bus-bar CTs
are easier to install without disconnecting the circuit being measured Solid-core CTs are more
compact generally more accurate and less expensive but installation requires that you discon-
nect the circuit to install the CTs
Additional Literature WattNode Advanced Pulse - Quick Install Guide
Manual Supplement MS-10 Option PV (Photovoltaic)
Manual Supplement MS-11 Option DPO (Dual Positive Outputs)
Manual Supplement MS-17 Option PW (Pulse Width)
Manual Supplement MS-19 Option SSR (Solid-State Relay)
Overview 5
Front LabelThis section describes all the connections information and symbols that appear on the front
label
Continental Control Systems LLC
WATTNODEreg PULSE
Watthour Meter 3KNN
Boulder CO USA
OslashB CT 0333V~
OslashC CT 0333V~
OslashA CT 0333V~ Status
Status
Status
P1
P2
P3
COMO
utpu
t
OslashB
OslashC
N
OslashAOslash-Oslash 240V~Oslash-Oslash 240V~
240V CAT III240V CAT III
Oslash-N 140V~Oslash-N 140V~
120V~ 50-60Hz 3W2010-09-26SN 59063
WNB-3Y-208-PQ
N
O
P
M
K
U W
HIJ
A
C
B
E
F
G
D
Y Z
R
VT X
S
Figure 1 Front Label Diagram
A WattNode model number The ldquoWNBrdquo indicates a second generation WattNode meter with
diagnostic LEDs and up to three pulse output channels The ldquo3rdquo indicates a three-phase model
The ldquoYrdquo or ldquoDrdquo indicates wye or delta models although delta models can measure wye circuits
(the difference is in the power supply) The ldquo208rdquo (or other value) indicates the nominal line-to-
line voltage Finally the ldquoPrdquo indicates pulse output
B Functional ground This terminal should be connected to earth ground if possible It is not
required for safety grounding but ensures maximum meter accuracy
C Neutral This terminal ldquoNrdquo should be connected to neutral when available
D E F Line voltage inputs These terminals connect to the OslashA (phase A) OslashB (phase B) and
OslashC (phase C) electric mains On wye models the meter is powered from OslashA and N terminals
On delta models the meter is powered from the OslashA and OslashB terminals
G Line voltage measurement ratings This block lists the nominal line-to-neutral ldquoOslash-N 120V~rdquo
voltage line-to-line ldquoOslash-Oslash 240V~rdquo voltage and the rated measurement voltage and category
ldquo240V CAT IIIrdquo for this WattNode model See the Specifications (p 30) for more informa-
tion about the measurement voltage and category
H UL Listing mark This shows the UL and cUL (Canadian) listing mark and number ldquo3KNNrdquo
I FCC Mark This logo indicates that the meter complied with part 15 of the FCC rules
J Status LEDs These are status LEDs used to verify and diagnose meter operation See
Installation LED Diagnostics (p 20) for details
K Current transformer (CT) voltage rating These markings ldquo0333V~rdquo indicate that the meter
must be used with CTs that generate a full-scale output of 0333 Vac (333 millivolts)
6 Overview
M N O Current transformer (CT) inputs These indicate CT screw terminals Note the white
and black circles at the left edge of the label these indicate the color of the CT wire that should
be inserted into the corresponding screw terminal The terminals marked with black circles are
connected together internally
P Pulse output common (COM) This is the common terminal for all three pulse output chan-
nels This terminal should be more negative than the P1 P2 and P3 terminals (unless the
meter was ordered with Option SSR)
Q R S Pulse outputs (P1 P2 P3) These are the pulse output channels Different models use
one two or three channels They should always be positive relative to the common terminal
T Serial number This shows the meter serial number and options if any are selected The
barcode contains the serial number in Code 128C format
U Mains supply rated voltage This is the rated supply voltage for this model The V~ indicates
AC voltage For wye models this voltage should appear between the N and OslashA terminals For
delta models this voltage should appear between the OslashA and OslashB terminals
V Mains frequencies This indicates the rated mains frequencies for the meter
W Maximum rated power This is the maximum power consumption (watts) for this model
X Manufacture date This is the date of manufacture for the WattNode meter
Y Caution risk of electrical shock This symbol indicates that there is a risk of electric shock
when installing and operating the meter if the installation instructions are not followed correctly
Z Attention - consult Manual This symbol indicates that there can be danger when installing
and operating the meter if the installation instructions are not followed correctly
Symbols
Attention -
Consult Installation
and Operation Manual
Read understand and follow all instructions in this Installa-
tion and Operation Manual including all warnings cautions
and precautions before installing and using the product
Caution ndash
Risk of Electrical
Shock
Potential Shock Hazard from Dangerous High Voltage
CE Marking
Complies with the regulations of the European Union for
Product Safety and Electro-Magnetic Compatibility
Low Voltage Directive ndash EN 61010-1 2001
EMC Directive ndash EN 61327 1997 + A11998 + A22001
Installation 7
InstallationPrecautions
DANGER mdash HAZARDOUS VOLTAGESWARNING - These installationservicing instructions are for use by qualified personnel
only To avoid electrical shock do not perform any servicing other than that contained in
the operating instructions unless you are qualified to do so
Always adhere to the following checklist
1) Only qualified personnel or licensed electricians should install the WattNode meter The
mains voltages of 120 Vac to 600 Vac can be lethal
2) Follow all applicable local and national electrical and safety codes
3) Install the meter in an electrical enclosure (panel or junction box) or in a limited access
electrical room
4) Verify that circuit voltages and currents are within the proper range for the meter model
5) Use only UL recognized current transformers (CTs) with built-in burden resistors that gener-
ate 0333 Vac (333 millivolts AC) at rated current Do not use current output (ratio) CTs such as 1 amp or 5 amp output CTs they will destroy the meter and may create a shock hazard See Current Transformers (p 35) for CT maximum input current ratings
6) Ensure that the line voltage inputs to the meter are protected by fuses or circuit breakers (not
needed for the neutral wire) See Circuit Protection (p 16) for details
7) Equipment must be disconnected from the HAZARDOUS LIVE voltages before access
8) The terminal block screws are not insulated Do not contact metal tools to the screw termi-
nals if the circuit is live
9) Do not place more than one line voltage wire in a screw terminal use wire nuts instead You
may use more than one CT wire per screw terminal
10) Before applying power check that all the wires are securely installed by tugging on each wire
11) Do not install the meter where it may be exposed to temperatures below ndash30degC or above
55degC excessive moisture dust salt spray or other contamination The meter requires an
environment no worse than pollution degree 2 (normally only non-conductive pollution
occasionally a temporary conductivity caused by condensation must be expected)
12) Do not drill mounting holes using the meter as a guide the drill chuck can damage the screw
terminals and metal shavings can fall into the connectors causing an arc risk
13) If the meter is installed incorrectly the safety protections may be impaired
8 Installation
Electrical Service TypesBelow is a list of service types with connections and recommended models Note the ground
connection improves measurement accuracy but is not required for safety
Model TypeLine-to- Neutral
Line-to- Line
Electrical Service Types
WNB-3Y-208-P Wye 120 Vac208ndash240
Vac
1 Phase 2 Wire 120V with neutral
1 Phase 3 Wire 120V240V with neutral
3 Phase 4 Wire Wye 120V208V with neutral
WNB-3Y-400-P Wye 230 Vac 400 Vac1 Phase 2 Wire 230V with neutral
3 Phase 4 Wire Wye 230V400V with neutral
WNB-3Y-480-P Wye 277 Vac 480 Vac3 Phase 4 Wire Wye 277V480V with neutral
1 Phase 2 Wire 277V with neutral
WNB-3Y-600-P Wye 347 Vac 600 Vac 3 Phase 4 Wire Wye 347V600V with neutral
WNB-3D-240-PDelta
or Wye
120ndash140
Vac
208ndash240
Vac
1 Phase 2 Wire 208V (no neutral)
1 Phase 2 Wire 240V (no neutral)
1 Phase 3 Wire 120V240V with neutral
3 Phase 3 Wire Delta 208V (no neutral)
3 Phase 4 Wire Wye 120V208V with neutral
3 Phase 4 Wire Delta 120208240V with neutral
WNB-3D-400-PDelta
or Wye230 Vac 400 Vac
3 Phase 3 Wire Delta 400V (no neutral)
3 Phase 4 Wire Wye 230V400V with neutral
WNB-3D-480-PDelta
or Wye277 Vac 480 Vac
3 Phase 3 Wire Delta 480V (no neutral)
3 Phase 4 Wire Wye 277V480V with neutral
3 Phase 4 Wire Delta 240415480V with neutral
The wire count does NOT include ground It only includes neutral (if present) and phase wires
Table 1 WattNode Models
Single-Phase Two-Wire with NeutralThis configuration is most often seen in homes and offices The two conductors are neutral and
line For these models the meter is powered from the N and OslashA terminals
Figure 2 Single-Phase Two-Wire Connection
Ground
WH
ITE
BLA
CK
OslashB CT
OslashC CT
OslashA CT
OslashB
OslashC
N
OslashA
GND or CommonInput or Positive
Monitoring Equip-ment or Display
P1P2P3
COM
Out
put
Status
Status
Status
WATTNODEreg PULSE
WNB-WNB- -P
-P
Line
Neutral
LINE
LOA
D
ShortingJumpers
SourceFace
CurrentTransformer
3Y-xxx
Installation 9
Recommended WattNode ModelsThe following table shows the WattNode models that should be used depending on the line to
neutral voltage
Line to Neutral Voltage WattNode Model120 Vac WNB-3Y-208-P
230 Vac WNB-3Y-400-P
277 Vac WNB-3Y-480-P
Single-Phase Three-Wire (Mid-Point Neutral)This configuration is seen in North American residential and commercial service with 240 Vac for
large appliances The three conductors are a mid-point neutral and two line voltage wires with AC
waveforms 180deg out of phase this results in 120 Vac between either line conductors (phase) and
neutral and 240 Vac (or sometimes 208 Vac) between the two line conductors (phases)
Figure 3 Single-Phase Three-Wire Connection
Recommended WattNode ModelsThe following table shows the WattNode models that can be used If neutral may or may not be
present you should use the WNB-3D-240-P (see Single-Phase Two-Wire without Neutral below) If neutral is present it must be connected for accurate measurements If phase B may
not be present you should use the WNB-3Y-208-P (see Single-Phase Two-Wire with Neutral above)
Meter Power Source WattNode ModelN and OslashA (Neutral and Phase A) WNB-3Y-208-P
OslashA and OslashB (Phase A and Phase B) WNB-3D-240-P
Ground
WH
ITE
BLA
CK
OslashB CT
OslashC CT
OslashA CT
OslashB
OslashC
N
OslashA
GND or CommonInput or Positive
Monitoring Equip-ment or Display
P1P2P3
COM
Out
put
Status
Status
Status
WATTNODEreg PULSE
WNB-WNB- -P
-P
Phase A
Neutral
Phase B
WHITEBLACK
120 Vac240 Vac
120 Vac
LINE
LOA
D
ShortingJumper Source
Faces
CurrentTransformers
3Y-2083D-240
10 Installation
Single-Phase Two-Wire without NeutralThis is seen in residential and commercial service with 208 to 240 Vac for large appliances The
two conductors have AC waveforms 120deg or 180deg out of phase Neutral is not used For this
configuration the meter is powered from the OslashA and OslashB (phase A and phase B) terminals
For best accuracy we recommend connecting the N (neutral) terminal to the ground terminal
This will not cause ground current to flow because the neutral terminal does not power the meter
Figure 4 Single-Phase Two-Wire without Neutral Connection
Recommended WattNode ModelThis configuration is normally measured with the following WattNode model
Line-to-Line Voltage WattNode Model208 - 240 Vac WNB-3D-240-P
If neutral is available you may also use the WNB-3Y-208-P model If you use the WNB-3Y-208-P
you will need to hook up the meter as shown in section Single-Phase Three-Wire (Mid-Point Neutral) and connect neutral You will need two CTs
If one of the conductors (phase A or phase B) is grounded see Grounded Leg Service below for
recommendations
Ground
WH
ITE
BLA
CK
OslashB CT
OslashC CT
OslashA CT
OslashB
OslashC
N
OslashA
GND or CommonInput or Positive
Monitoring Equip-ment or Display
P1P2P3
COM
Out
put
Status
Status
Status
WATTNODEreg PULSE
WNB-WNB- -P
-P
Phase A
Phase B
WHITEBLACK
208-240 Vac
LINE
LOA
D
ShortingJumper Source
Faces
CurrentTransformers
3D-240
Installation 11
Three-Phase Four-Wire WyeThis is typically seen in commercial and industrial environments The conductors are neutral and
three power lines with AC waveforms shifted 120deg between phases The line voltage conductors
may be connected to the OslashA OslashB and OslashC terminals in any order so long as the CTs are con-nected to matching phases It is important that you connect N (neutral) for accurate measure-
ments For wye ldquo-3Yrdquo models the meter is powered from the N and OslashA terminals
Figure 5 Three-Phase Four-Wire Wye Connection
Recommended WattNode ModelsThe following table shows the WattNode models that should be used depending on the line-to-
neutral voltage and line-to-line voltage (also called phase-to-phase voltage)
Line-to-Neutral Voltage Line-to-Line Voltage WattNode Model120 Vac 208 Vac WNB-3Y-208-P
230 Vac 400 Vac WNB-3Y-400-P
277 Vac 480 Vac WNB-3Y-480-P
347 Vac 600 Vac WNB-3Y-600-P
Note you may also use the following delta WattNode models to measure three-phase four-wire
wye circuits The only difference is that delta WattNode models are powered from OslashA and OslashB
rather than N and OslashA If neutral is present it must be connected for accurate measurements
Line-to-Neutral Voltage Line-to-Line Voltage WattNode Model120 - 140 Vac 208 - 240 Vac WNB-3D-240-P
230 Vac 400 Vac WNB-3D-400-P
277 Vac 480 Vac WNB-3D-480-P
Ground
WH
ITE
BLA
CK
OslashB CT
OslashC CT
OslashA CT
OslashB
OslashC
N
OslashA
GND or CommonInput or Positive
Monitoring Equip-ment or Display
P1P2P3
COM
Out
put
Status
Status
Status
WATTNODEreg PULSE
WNB-WNB- -P
-P
Neutral
Phase A
Phase B
Phase C
LOA
D
WHITEBLACK
WH
ITE
BLA
CK
LINE
SourceFaces
CurrentTransformers
3Y-xxx3D-xxx
12 Installation
Three-Phase Three-Wire Delta Without NeutralThis is typically seen in manufacturing and industrial environments There is no neutral wire just
three power lines with AC waveforms shifted 120deg between the successive phases With this
configuration the line voltage wires may be connected to the OslashA OslashB and OslashC terminals in any
order so long as the CTs are connected to matching phases For these models the meter is
powered from the OslashA and OslashB (phase A and phase B) terminals Note all delta WattNode models
provide a neutral connection N which allows delta WattNode models to measure both wye and
delta configurations
For best accuracy we recommend connecting the N (neutral) terminal to earth ground This will
not cause ground current to flow because the neutral terminal is not used to power the meter
Figure 6 Three-Phase Three-Wire Delta Connection
Recommended WattNode ModelsThe following table shows the WattNode models that should be used depending on the line-to-
line voltage (also called phase-to-phase voltage)
Line-to-Line Voltage WattNode Model208 - 240 Vac WNB-3D-240-P
400 Vac WNB-3D-400-P
480 Vac WNB-3D-480-P
Three-Phase Four-Wire Delta (Wild Leg)The uncommon four-wire delta electrical service is a three-phase delta service with a center-tap
on one of the transformer windings to create a neutral for single-phase loads
See httpwwwccontrolsyscomwFour_Wire_Delta_Circuits for details
Grounded Leg ServiceIn rare cases with delta services or single-phase two-wire services without neutral one of the
phases may be grounded You can check for this by using a multimeter (DMM) to measure the
voltage between each phase and ground If you see a reading between 0 and 5 Vac that leg is
probably grounded (sometimes called a ldquogrounded deltardquo)
Ground
WH
ITE
BLA
CK
OslashB CT
OslashC CT
OslashA CT
OslashB
OslashC
N
OslashA
GND or CommonInput or Positive
Monitoring Equip-ment or Display
P1P2P3
COMO
utpu
t
Status
Status
Status
WATTNODEreg PULSE
WNB-WNB- -P
-P
Phase A
Phase B
Phase C
WHITEBLACK
WH
ITE
BLA
CK
LINE
LOA
D
SourceFaces
CurrentTransformers
3D-xxx
Installation 13
The WattNode meter will correctly measure services with a grounded leg but the measured
power for the grounded phase will be zero and the status LED will not light for whichever phase is
grounded because the voltage is near zero
For optimum accuracy with a grounded leg you should also connect the N (neutral) terminal
on the meter to the ground terminal this will not cause any ground current to flow because the
neutral terminal is not used to power the meter If you have a grounded leg configuration you can
save money by removing the CT for the grounded phase since all the power will be measured on
the non-grounded phases We recommend putting the grounded leg on the OslashB or OslashC inputs and
attaching a note to the meter indicating this configuration for future reference
MountingProtect the WattNode meter from moisture direct sunlight high temperatures and conductive
pollution (salt spray metal dust etc) If moisture or conductive pollution may be present use an
IP 66 or NEMA 4 rated enclosure to protect the meter Due to its exposed screw terminals the
meter must be installed in an electrical service panel an enclosure or an electrical room The
meter may be installed in any orientation directly to a wall of an electrical panel or junction box
Drawn to Scale
153 mm (602)
38 mm (150) High
Oslash 98 mm (0386)
Oslash 51 mm (0200)
1366 mm (5375)
851 mm
(335)
Figure 7 WattNode Meter Dimensions
The WattNode meter has two mounting holes spaced 5375 inches (137 mm) apart (center to
center) These mounting holes are normally obscured by the detachable screw terminals Remove
the screw terminals by pulling outward while rocking from end to end The meter or Figure 7
may be used as a template to mark mounting hole positions but do not drill the holes with the meter in the mounting position because the drill may damage the connectors and leave drill
shavings in the connectors
You may mount the meter with the supplied 8 self-tapping sheet metal screws using 18 inch
pilot hole (32 mm) Or you may use hook-and-loop fasteners If you use screws avoid over-tight-
ening which can crack the case If you donrsquot use the supplied screws the following sizes should
work (bold are preferred) use washers if the screws could pull through the mounting holes
14 Installation
Selecting Current TransformersThe rated full-scale current of the CTs should normally be chosen somewhat above the maximum
current of the circuit being measured (see Current Crest Factor below for more details) In some
cases you might select CTs with a lower rated current to optimize accuracy at lower current
readings Take care that the maximum allowable current for the CT can not be exceeded without
tripping a circuit breaker or fuse see Current Transformers (p 35)
We only offer CTs that measure AC current not DC current Significant DC current can saturate
the CT magnetic core reducing the AC accuracy Most loads only have AC current but some rare
loads draw DC current which can cause measurement errors See our website for more informa-
tion httpwwwccontrolsyscomwDC_Current_and_Half-Wave_Rectified_Loads
CTs can measure lower currents than they were designed for by passing the wire through the
CT more than once For example to measure currents up to 1 amp with a 5 amp CT loop the
wire through the CT five times The CT is now effectively a 1 amp CT instead of a 5 amp CT The
effective current rating of the CT is the labeled rating divided by the number of times that the wire
passes through the CT
If you are using the measurement phases of the WattNode (OslashA OslashB and OslashC) to measure different
circuits (as with Option P3) you can use CTs with different rated current on the different phases
Current Crest FactorThe term ldquocurrent crest factorrdquo is used to describe the ratio of the peak current to the RMS cur-
rent (the RMS current is the value reported by multimeters and the WattNode meter) Resistive
loads like heaters and incandescent lights have nearly sinusoidal current waveforms with a crest
factor near 14 Power factor corrected loads such as electronic lighting ballasts and computer
power supplies typically have a crest factor of 14 to 15 Battery chargers VFD motor controls
and other nonlinear loads can have current crest factors ranging from 20 to 30 and even higher
High current crest factors are usually not an issue when metering whole building loads but can
be a concern when metering individual loads with high current crest factors If the peak current is
too high the meterrsquos CT inputs can clip causing inaccurate readings
This means that when measuring loads with high current crest factors you may want to be
conservative in selecting the CT rated current For example if your load draws 10 amps RMS but
has a crest factor of 30 then the peak current is 30 amps If you use a 15 amp CT the meter will
not be able to accurately measure the 30 amp peak current Note this is a limitation of the meter
measurement circuitry not the CT
The following graph shows the maximum RMS current for accurate measurements as a function
of the current waveform crest factor The current is shown as a percentage of CT rated current
For example if you have a 10 amp load with a crest factor of 20 the maximum CT current is
approximately 85 Eighty-five percent of 15 amps is 1275 which is higher than 10 amps so
your measurements should be accurate On the other hand if you have a 40 amp load with a
crest factor of 40 the maximum CT current is 42 Forty-two percent of a 100 amp CT is 42
amps so you would need a 100 amp CT to accurately measure this 40 amp load
Screw Style USA UTS Sizes Metric SizesPan Head or Round Head 6 8 10 M35 M4 M5
Truss Head 6 8 M35 M4
Hex Washer Head (integrated washer) 6 8 M35 M4Hex Head (add washer) 6 8 10 M35 M4 M5
Table 2 Mounting Screws
Installation 15
80
100
120
140
0
20
40
60
80
10 15 20 25 30 35 40Crest Factor
Max
imum
Acc
urat
e C
T C
urre
nt(P
erce
nt o
f Rat
ed C
urre
nt)
Figure 8 Maximum CT Current vs Crest Factor
You frequently wonrsquot know the crest factor for your load In this case itrsquos generally safe to assume
the crest factor will fall in the 14 to 25 range and select CTs with a rated current roughly 150 of
the expected RMS current So if you expect to be measuring currents up to 30 amps select a 50
amp CT
Connecting Current Transformers Use only UL recognized current transformers (CTs) with built-in burden resistors that generate
033333 Vac (33333 millivolts AC) at rated current See Current Transformers (p 35) for
the maximum input current ratings
Do not use ratio (current output) CTs such as 1 amp or 5 amp output CTs they will destroy
the meter and present a shock hazard These are commonly labelled with a ratio like 1005
Find the arrow or label ldquoTHIS SIDE TOWARD SOURCErdquo on the CT and face toward the
current source generally the utility meter or the circuit breaker for branch circuits If CTs are
mounted backwards or with their white and black wires reversed the measured power will be
negative The diagnostic LEDs indicates negative power with flashing red LEDs
Be careful to match up the current transformers to the voltage phases being measured Make
sure the OslashA CT is measuring the line voltage connected to OslashA and the same for phases B
and C Use the supplied colored labels or tape to identify the wires
To prevent magnetic interference the CTs on different phases should be separated by 1 inch
(25 mm) The line voltage conductors for each phase should be separated by at least 1 inch
(25 mm) from each other and from neutral
For best accuracy the CT opening should not be much larger than the conductor If the CT
opening is much larger position the conductor in the center of the CT opening
Because CT signals are susceptible to interference we recommend keeping the CT wires
short and cutting off any excess length It is generally better to install the meter near the line
voltage conductors instead of extending the CT wires However you may extend the CT wires
by 300 feet (100 m) or more by using shielded twisted-pair cable and by running the CT wires
away from high current and line voltage conductors
OPTIONAL if you see spurious readings on unused phases jumper the unused CT inputs
To connect CTs pass the wire to be measured through the CT and connect the CT to the meter
Always remove power before disconnecting any live wires Put the line conductors through
the CTs as shown in the section Electrical Service Types (p 8) You may measure gener-
ated power by treating the generator as the source
16 Installation
Circuit ProtectionThe WattNode meter is considered ldquopermanently connected equipmentrdquo because it does not
use a conventional power cord that can be easily unplugged Permanently connected equip-ment must have overcurrent protection and be installed with a means to disconnect the equipment
A switch disconnect or circuit breaker may be used to disconnect the meter and must be
as close as practical to the meter If a switch or disconnect is used then there must also be a
fuse or circuit breaker of appropriate rating protecting the meter
WattNode meters only draw 10-30 milliamps CCS recommends using circuit breakers or
fuses rated for between 05 amps and 20 amps and rated for the line voltages and the cur-
rent interrupting rating required
The circuit breakers or fuses must protect the ungrounded supply conductors (the terminals
labeled OslashA OslashB and OslashC) If neutral is also protected (this is rare) then the overcurrent protec-
tion device must interrupt neutral and the supply conductors simultaneously
Any switches or disconnects should have at least a 1 amp rating and must be rated for the
line voltages
The circuit protection disconnect system must meet IEC 60947-1 and IEC 60947-3 as well
as all national and local electrical codes
The line voltage connections should be made with wire rated for use in a service panel or
junction box with a voltage rating sufficient for the highest voltage present CCS recommends
14 or 12 AWG (15 mm2 or 25 mm2) stranded wire rated for 300 or 600 volts Solid wire may
be used but must be routed carefully to avoid putting excessive stress on the screw terminal
The WattNode meter has an earth connection which should be connected for maximum
accuracy However this earth connection is not used for safety (protective) earthing
For solid-core CTs disconnect the line voltage conductor to install it through the CT opening
Split-core and bus-bar CTs can be opened for installation around a wire by puling the removable
section straight away from the rest of the CT or unhooking the latch it may require a strong pull
Some CT models include thumb-screws to secure the opening The removable section may fit
only one way so match up the steel core pieces when closing the CT If the CT seems to jam and
will not close the steel core pieces are probably not aligned correctly DO NOT FORCE together
Instead reposition or rock the removable portion until the CT closes without excessive force A
nylon cable tie can be secured around the CT to prevent inadvertent opening
Some split-core CT models have flat mating surfaces When installing this type of CT make sure
that mating surfaces are clean Any debris between the mating surfaces will increase the gap
decreasing accuracy
Next connect the CT lead wires to the meter terminals labeled OslashA CT OslashB CT and OslashC CT Route
the twisted black and white wires from the CT to the meter We recommend cutting off any
excess length to reduce the risk of interference Strip 14 inch (6 mm) of insulation off the ends of
the CT leads and connect to the six position black screw terminal block Connect each CT lead
with the white wire aligned with the white dot on the label and the black wire aligned with the
black dot Note the order in which the phases are connected as the voltage phases must match
the current phases for accurate power measurement
Finally record the CT rated current as part of the installation record for each meter If the conduc-
tors being measured are passed through the CTs more than once then the recorded rated CT
current is divided by the number of times that the conductor passes through the CT
Installation 17
Connecting Voltage TerminalsAlways turn off or disconnect power before connecting the voltage inputs to the meter Con-
nect each phase voltage to the appropriate input on the green terminal block also connect
ground and neutral (if required)
The voltage inputs to the meter do not need to be powered from to the same branch circuit as
the load being monitored In other words if you have a three-phase panel with a 100 A three-pole
breaker powering a motor that you wish to monitor you can power the meter (or several meters)
from a separate 20 A three-pole breaker installed in the same or even adjacent panel so long as
the load and voltage connections are supplied from the same electric service
The green screw terminals handle wire up to 12 AWG (25 mm2) Strip the wires to expose 14rdquo (6
mm) of bare copper When wiring the meter do not put more than one wire under a screw If you
need to distribute power to other meters use wire nuts or a power distribution block The section
Electrical Service Types (p 8) shows the proper connections for the different meter models
and electrical services Verify that the voltage line phases match the CT phases
If there is any doubt that the meter voltage rating is correct for the circuit being measured unplug
the green terminal block (to protect the meter) turn on the power and use a voltmeter to compare
the voltages (probe the terminal block screws) to the values in the white box on the meter front
label After testing plug in the terminal block making sure that is pushed in all the way
The WattNode meter is powered from the voltage inputs OslashA (phase A) to N (neutral) for wye
ldquo-3Yrdquo models or OslashA to OslashB for delta ldquo-3Drdquo models If the meter is not receiving at least 80 of the
nominal line voltage it may stop operating Since the meter consumes a small amount of power
itself (typically 1-3 watts) you may wish to power the meter from a separate circuit or place the
current transformers downstream of the meter so its power consumption is not measured
For best accuracy always connect the N (neutral) terminal on the meter If you are using a delta
meter and the circuit has no neutral then jumper the earth ground to the N (neutral) terminal
When power is first applied to the meter check that the LEDs behave normally (see Installa-tion LED Diagnostics (p 20) below) if you see the LEDs flashing red-green-red-green then
disconnect the power immediately This indicates the line voltage is too high for this model
10sec
GR GR GR GR GR GR
GR GR GR GR GR GR
GR GR GR GR GR GRCBA
Figure 9 WattNode LED Overvoltage Warning
Connecting Pulse Outputs The outputs P1 P2 and P3 should not be connected to negative voltages (except with
Option SSR) or to voltages greater than +60 Vdc
The recommended maximum current through the pulse output optoisolators is 5 mA
although they will generally switch 8-10 mA If you need to switch higher currents contact us
about Option SSR (solid-state relay) see Specifications - Option SSR Outputs (p 33)
The outputs are isolated (5000 Vac RMS) from dangerous voltages so you can connect them
with the meter powered The outputs are also isolated from the meterrsquos earth ground and
neutral connections
If the output wiring is located near line voltage wiring use wires or cables rated for the high-
est voltage present generally 300V or 600V rated wire
If this cable will be in the presence of bare conductors such as bus-bars it should be double
insulated or jacketed
When wiring over long distances use shielded twisted-pair cable to prevent interference
18 Installation
The pulse output channels are the collector and emitter of an optoisolator transistor (also called
a photocoupler) controlled by the meterrsquos pulse stream (see Option SSR Outputs (p 33) for
solid-state relay outputs) These outputs may be connected to most data monitoring devices that
expect a contact closure or relay input data loggers energy management systems etc Most of
these devices provide excitation voltage with internal pull-up resistors If your device does not the
following schematic illustrates connecting pull-up resistors on all three optoisolator outputs with a
pull-up voltage of 5 Vdc
5V
Rpullup Rpullup
P1
P2
P3
COM
RpullupWATTNODE
Figure 10 Optoisolator Outputs
The meter can have from one to three pulse output channels All three output channels share the
common COM or ground connection Each output channel has its own positive output connec-
tion labeled P1 P2 and P3 (tied to the transistor collectors)
Output AssignmentsThe following table shows the pulse output channel assignments for the standard bidirectional
output model and different options See Manual Supplement MS-10 for details about Option PV
and Manual Supplement MS-11 for details about Option DPO
WattNode Outputs P1 Output P2 Output P3 OutputStandard
Bidirectional Outputs
Positive real energy
(all phases)
Negative real energy
(all phases)
Not used
Option P3 Per-Phase Outputs
Phase A positive
real energy
Phase B positive
real energy
Phase C positive
real energy
Option PV Photovoltaic
Phases A+B positive
real energy
Phases A+B negative
real energy
Phase C positive
real energy
Option DPO Dual Positive Outputs
Positive real energy
(all phases)
Negative real energy
(all phases)
Positive real energy
(all phases)
Table 3 Pulse Output Assignments
Note we use the terms ldquopositiverdquo and ldquonegativerdquo but other common terms are ldquoproductionrdquo and
ldquoconsumptionrdquo You can wire the meter so that positive energy corresponds to either production
or consumption depending on your application
Installation 19
Pull-Up Resistor SelectionFor standard WattNode meters with the normal 400 Hz full-scale frequency pull-up resistor
values between 10kΩ and 100kΩ work well You may use values of 10MΩ or higher to reduce
power consumption for battery powered equipment Note pull-up resistor values of 10MΩ or
higher will make the pulse output signal more susceptible to interference so you may want to
keep the wiring short use shielded cable and avoid running the pulse signal near AC wiring
The following table lists pull-up resistor values (in ohms kilo-ohms and mega-ohms) to use
with the pulse output channels particularly if you have ordered a model with a pulse frequency
different than 400 Hz For each configuration the table lists a recommended value followed by
minimum and maximum resistor values These values typically result in a pulse waveform rise
time (from 20 to 80 of the pull-up voltage) of less than 10 of the total pulse period The fall
time is roughly constant in the 2 to 10 microsecond range Lower resistance will result in faster
switching and increase the current flow If your frequency isnrsquot in the table use the next higher
frequency or interpolate between two values
Full-Scale Pulse
Frequency
Pull-up to 30 Vdc Recommended
(Min-Max)
Pull-up to 50 Vdc Recommended
(Min-Max)
Pull-up to 12 Vdc Recommended
(Min-Max)
Pull-up to 24 Vdc Recommended
(Min-Max)1 Hz 470kΩ (600Ω-47M) 470kΩ (10k-56M) 470kΩ (24k-75M) 10MΩ (47k-91M)
4 Hz 100kΩ (600Ω-12M) 100kΩ (10k-16M) 100kΩ (24k-22M) 200kΩ (47k-30M)10 Hz 47kΩ (600Ω-470k) 47kΩ (10k-620k) 47kΩ (24k-910k) 100kΩ (47k-13M)
50 Hz 10kΩ (600Ω-91k) 10kΩ (10k-130k) 20kΩ (24k-200k) 47kΩ (47k-270k)
100 Hz 47kΩ (600Ω-47k) 47kΩ (10k-62k) 10kΩ (24k-100k) 20kΩ (47k-130k)
200 Hz 20kΩ (600Ω-24k) 20kΩ (10k-33k) 47kΩ (24k-47k) 10kΩ (47k-68k)
600 Hz 20kΩ (600Ω-82k) 20kΩ (10k-12k) 47kΩ (24k-16k) 10kΩ (47k-22k)
Table 4 Recommended Pulse Output Pull-up Resistors
When the optoisolator is on (conducting) there is a small voltage drop between the common and
output terminals typically 01 - 04 volts called the saturation voltage This voltage depends on
the current flow through the optoisolator (see Specifications - Optoisolator Outputs (p 32) below for details) To compute the current flow through the optoisolator use the following approxi-
mate equation
Vpullup - The supply voltage for the pull-up resistor (DC volts)
Rpullup - The pull-up resistor resistance (ohms)
Iopto - The approximate current (amps) through the optoisolator when it is on (conducting)
Iopto = Vpullup Rpullup
Installation Summary1) Mount the WattNode meter
2) Turn off power before installing solid-core (non-opening) CTs or making voltage connections
3) Mount the CTs around the line voltage conductors being measured Take care to orient the
CTs facing the source of power
4) Connect the twisted white and black wires from the CT to the six position black terminal
block on the meter matching the wire colors to the white and black dots on the front label
5) Connect the voltage wires including ground and neutral (if present) to the green terminal
block and check that the current (CT) phases match the voltage measurement phases
6) Connect the pulse output terminals of the meter to the monitoring equipment
7) Apply power to the meter
8) Verify that the LEDs light correctly and donrsquot indicate an error condition
20 Installation
Installation LED DiagnosticsThe WattNode meter includes multi-color power diagnostic LEDs for each phase to help verify
correct operation and diagnose incorrect wiring The LEDs are marked ldquoStatusrdquo on the label The
following diagrams and descriptions explain the various LED patterns and their meanings The A
B and C on the left side indicate the phase of the LEDs Values like ldquo10secrdquo and ldquo30secrdquo indi-
cate the time the LEDs are lit in seconds In the diagrams sometimes the colors are abbreviated
R = red G or Grn = green Y = yellow
Normal StartupOn initial power-up the LEDs will all light up in a red
yellow green sequence After this startup sequence the
LEDs will show the status such as Normal Operation
below
Normal OperationDuring normal operation when positive power is measured
on a phase the LED for that phase will flash green Typical
flash rates are shown below
Percent of Full-Scale Power LED Flash Rate Flashes in 10 Seconds100 50 Hz 50
50 36 Hz 36
25 25 Hz 25
10 16 Hz 16
5 11 Hz 11
1 (and lower) 05 Hz 5
Table 5 LED Flash Rates vs Power
Zero PowerFor each phase if line Vac is present but the measured
power is below the minimum that the meter will measure (see
Specifications - Measurement - Creep Limit) the meter will display solid green for that phase
Inactive PhaseIf the meter detects no power and line voltage below 20 of
nominal it will turn off the LED for the phase
Negative PowerIf one or more of the phase LEDs are flashing red it
indicates negative power (power flowing into the grid) on
those phases The rate of flashing indicates magnitude of
negative power (see Table 5 above) This can happen for
the following reasons
This is a bidirectional power measurement application such as a photovoltaic system where
negative power occurs whenever you generate more power than you consume
The current transformer (CT) for this phase was installed backwards on the current carrying
wire or the white and black wires for the CT were reversed at the meter This can be solved
by flipping the CT on the wire or swapping the white and black wires at the meter
In some cases this can also occur if the CT wires are connected to the wrong inputs such
as if the CT wires for phases B and C are swapped
10sec10sec10sec
GreenYellowRed
GreenYellowRed
GreenYellowRed
CBA
Green Off Green Off Green Off
Green
Off
CBA Red Off Red Off Red Off
Red Off Red Off RedOff
Red Off Red Off Red Off
Installation 21
Note if all three LEDs are flashing red and they always turn on and off together like the diagram
for Low Line Voltage below then the meter is experiencing an error or low line voltage not nega-
tive power
Erratic FlashingIf the LEDs are flashing slowly and erratically sometimes
green sometimes red this generally indicates one of the
following
Earth ground is not connected to the meter (the top
connection on the green screw terminal)
Voltage is connected for a phase but the current transformer is not connected or the CT has
a loose connection
In some cases particularly for a circuit with no load this may be due to electrical noise This
is not harmful and can generally be disregarded provided that you are not seeing substantial
measured power when there shouldnrsquot be any Try turning on the load to see if the erratic
flashing stops
To fix this try the following
Make sure earth ground is connected
If there are unused current transformer inputs install a shorting jumper for each unused CT (a
short length of wire connected between the white and black dots marked on the label)
If there are unused voltage inputs (on the green screw terminal) connect them to neutral (if
present) or earth ground (if neutral isnrsquot available)
If you suspect noise may be the problem try moving the meter away from the source of
noise Also try to keep the CT wires as short as possible and cut off excess wire
Meter Not OperatingIt should not be possible for all three LEDs to stay off
when the meter is powered because the phase powering
the meter will have line voltage present Therefore if all
LEDs are off the meter is either not receiving sufficient
line voltage to operate or is malfunctioning and needs to be returned for service Verify that the
voltage on the Vac screw terminals is within plusmn20 of the nominal operating voltages printed in the
white rectangle on the front label
Meter ErrorIf the meter experiences an internal error it will light all
LEDs red for three seconds (or longer) If you see this
happen repeatedly return the meter for service
Bad CalibrationThis indicates that the meter has detected bad calibration
data and must be returned for service
Line Voltage Too HighWhenever the meter detects line voltages over 125 of
normal for one or more phases it will display a fast red
green flashing for the affected phases This is harmless if
it occurs due a momentary surge but if the line voltage is
high continuously the power supply may fail If you see continuous over-voltage flashing disconnect the meter immediately Check that the model
and voltage rating is correct for the electrical service
GrnRedGrn
GreenRed
Grn Red
CBA Off Off Off
Off Off Red
Off Red Off
Off
Off
Off
CBA
30sec
Red
Red
Red
CBA
Yellow
Red
Red
CBA
10sec
GR GR GR GR GR GR
GR GR GR GR GR GR
GR GR GR GR GR GRCBA
22 Installation
Bad Line FrequencyIf the meter detects a power line frequency below 45 Hz
or above 70 Hz it will light all the LEDs yellow for at least
three seconds The LEDs will stay yellow until the line
frequency returns to normal During this time the meter
should continue to accurately measure power This can
occur in the presence of extremely high noise such as if the meter is too close to an unfiltered
variable frequency drive
Low Line VoltageThese LED patterns occur if the line voltage is too low
for the meter to operate correctly and the meter reboots
repeatedly The pattern will be synchronized on all three
LEDs Verify that the voltage on the Vac screw terminals is
not more than 20 lower than the nominal operating volt-
ages printed in the white rectangle on the front label If the
voltages are in the normal range and the meter continues
to display one of these patterns return it for service
30secCBA
Yellow
Yellow
Yellow
10sec
YRed
YRed
YRed
CBA
YRed
YRed
YRed
CBA
R
R
R
R
R
R
R
R
R
R
R
R
R
R
R
R
R
R
10sec
Measurement TroubleshootingIf the WattNode meter does not appear to be operating correctly or generating expected pulses
start by checking the diagnostic LEDs as described in the previous section Installation LED Diagnostics (p 20) Then double check the installation instructions If there are still problems
check the following
No Pulses Make sure the load is turned on
If the LEDs are flashing green then the meter is measuring positive power and should output
pulses on P1 so there may be something wrong with the pulse output connection or you
may need a pull-up resistor see Connecting Pulse Outputs (p 17)
If the LEDs on one or more phases are flashing red then the total power may be negative
in which case the meter wonrsquot generate positive energy pulses If you have a bidirectional
model you can check for negative energy pulses on the P2 output If this is the case check
that the line phases match the CT phases that all the CTs face the source of power and that
the CT white and black wires are connected correctly
If all the LEDs are solid green (or off) then the measured power is below the creep limit
(11500th of full-scale) and the meter will not generate any pulses See Specifications - Creep Limit (p 32)
If the LEDs are flashing green slowly the power may be very low A WattNode meter with a
nominal output frequency of 400 Hz can have a pulse period of several minutes at very low
power levels
If all the LEDs are off then the meter does not have sufficient line voltage to operate or has
malfunctioned Use a DMM (multimeter) to verify that the voltage on the Vac screw terminals
is within -20 +15 of the nominal operating voltage
Incorrect Power or Energy ReadingsThis can be caused by any of the following
An incorrect estimate of expected power or energy readings If possible try to verify the
actual energy power or current with a handheld power meter or current clamp
Installation 23
Incorrect scale factors to convert from pulses to energy and power This is commonly caused
by using the normal scale factors with an Option P3 meter or selecting the wrong row of
column from the tables
Some pulse counting equipment (data loggers etc) counts both rising and falling edges as
pulses resulting in a count that is double the intended value This can normally be corrected
by reconfiguring the device or dividing the scale factor by 20
Some pulse monitoring devices cannot handle fast pulse rates If the pulses occur too close
together some may be missed by the monitoring device Check the specifications of your
monitoring device or contact CCS support for assistance
The CTs are not installed on the correct line phases Verify that the CT phasing matches the
line Vac inputs
The measured current exceeds the CT rating This can saturate CT or the WattNode meter
input circuitry resulting in lower than expected readings If possible use a current clamp to
measure the current and make sure it is below the CT rated amps
The measured current is too small Most current transformers are only specified to meet
their accuracy from 10 to 100 of rated current In practice most CTs work reasonably
well down to 1 of rated current Very low currents may not register properly resulting in low
power or no power reported
Interference from a variable frequency or variable speed drive VFD VSD inverter or the
like Generally these drives should not interfere with the meter but if they are in very close
proximity or if the CT leads are long interference can occur Try moving the meter at least
three feet (one meter) away from any VFDs Use short CT leads if possible NEVER connect
the meter downstream of a VFD the varying line frequency and extreme noise will cause
problems
The CTs may be malfunctioning If possible use a current clamp to verify the current then
use a DMM (multimeter) to measure the AC voltage between the white and black wires from
the CT (leave them connected to the meter during this test) At rated current the CT output
voltage should equal 0333 Vac (333 millivolts AC) At lower currents the voltage should scale
linearly so at 20 of rated current the output voltage should be 020 0333 = 00666 Vac
(666 millivolts AC)
The meter is not functioning correctly if possible swap the meter for another unit of the
same model
24 Operating Instructions
Operating InstructionsPulse Outputs
The WattNode meter generates pulse outputs using one or more optoisolators (also called
photocouplers) These provide 5000 Vac of isolation using an LED and a photo-transistor This
allows the meter to be interfaced to monitoring or data logging hardware without concerns about
interference ground loops shock hazard etc
Depending on the options selected the Pulse WattNode meter can generate full-scale pulses at
output frequencies ranging from less than 1 Hz to 600 Hz The standard full-scale pulse output
frequency is 400 Hz The standard model provides two pulse streams for measuring bidirectional
power With Option P3 there are three pulse channels for independently measuring each phase
or three single-phase circuits
The pulse outputs are approximately square-waves with equal on and off periods The frequency
of pulses is proportional to the measured power When the measured power is constant the
pulse frequency is constant and the output is an exact square-wave If the power is increasing
or decreasing the output waveform will not be a perfect square-wave as the on and off periods
are getting longer or shorter If you need a fixed or minimum pulse duration (closed period) see
Manual Supplement MS-17 Option PW (Pulse Width)
We define a ldquopulserdquo as a full cycle including both an Open Closed and an Closed Open
transition You can choose either a rising or falling edge to start a pulse the end of the pulse will
be the next matching edge Some monitoring equipment or data loggers can be configured to
count both rising and falling edges if your equipment is configured this way you will count twice
as many pulses as expected This can normally be corrected by reconfiguring the equipment or
adjusting the scale factors by a factor of 2
Open
Closed
400ms400ms
800ms
400ms400ms
800ms
400ms400ms
800ms
Figure 11 Output Pulses for Steady Power
Open
Closed
200ms
200ms
200ms
200ms
300ms400ms500ms500ms
1000ms 700ms 400ms 400ms
Figure 12 Output Pulses for Increasing Power
See Connecting Pulse Outputs (p 17) and Specifications - Pulse Outputs (p 32) for
more information
Operating Instructions 25
Power and Energy ComputationEvery pulse from the meter corresponds to a fixed amount of energy Power (watts) is energy
divided by time which can be measured as pulses per second (or pulses per hour) The following
scale factor tables and equations convert from pulses to energy (watt-hours or kilowatt-hours) for
different models
If you have ordered a custom full-scale pulse output frequency then see the
Power and Energy Equations section below For Option PV (Photovoltaic) see
Manual Supplement MS-10 Option PV for scale factors
Scale Factors - Standard Bidirectional Outputs (and Option DPO)The following table provides scale factors for standard bidirectional output models with a full-
scale pulse output frequency of 400 Hz This table also works for 400 Hz models with Option DPO Equations to compute power and energy follow the scale factor tables
CT Size (amps)
Watt-hours per pulse (WHpP) Pulses Per kilowatt-hour (PpKWH)3Y-208 3D-240
3Y-400 3D-400
3Y-480 3D-480
3Y-6003Y-208 3D-240
3Y-400 3D-400
3Y-480 3D-480
3Y-600
5 0125 02396 02885 03615 800000 417391 346570 276657
15 0375 07188 08656 10844 266667 139130 115524 922190
20 0500 09583 11542 14458 200000 104348 866426 691643
30 0750 14375 17313 21688 133333 695652 577617 461095
50 1250 23958 28854 36146 800000 417391 346570 276657
60 1500 28750 34625 43375 666667 347826 288809 230548
70 1750 33542 40396 50604 571429 298137 247550 197612
100 2500 47917 57708 72292 400000 208696 173285 138329
150 3750 71875 86563 10844 266667 139130 115523 92219
200 5000 95833 11542 14458 200000 104348 86643 69164
250 6250 11979 14427 18073 160000 83478 69314 55331
300 7500 14375 17313 21688 133333 69565 57762 46110
400 10000 19167 23083 28917 100000 52174 43321 34582
600 15000 28750 34625 43375 66667 34783 28881 23055
800 20000 38333 46167 57833 50000 26087 21661 17291
1000 25000 47917 57708 72292 40000 20870 17329 13833
1200 30000 57500 69250 86750 33333 17391 14440 11527
1500 37500 71875 86563 10844 26667 13913 11552 92219
2000 50000 95833 11542 14458 20000 10435 86643 69164
3000 75000 14375 17313 21688 13333 69565 57762 46110
any CtAmps 40
CtAmps 2087
CtAmps 17329
CtAmps 13833
40000 CtAmps
20870 CtAmps
17329 CtAmps
13833 CtAmps
Table 6 Scale Factors - Bidirectional Outputs
Contact CCS for scale factors for models with full-scale pulse output frequencies other than 400
Hz
26 Operating Instructions
Scale Factors - Option P3 Per-Phase OutputsThe following table provides scale factors for Option P3 models with a full-scale pulse output
frequencies of 400 Hz for each phase Note with Option P3 different phases can use different
CTs with different rated currents
WARNING Only use this table if you have Option P3 (Per-Phase Outputs)
CT Size (amps)
Watt-hours per pulse (WHpP) Pulses Per kilowatt-hour (PpKWH)3Y-208 3D-240
3Y-400 3D-400
3Y-480 3D-480
3Y-6003Y-208 3D-240
3Y-400 3D-400
3Y-480 3D-480
3Y-600
5 004167 007986 009618 012049 240000 125217 103971 829971
15 01250 02396 02885 03615 800000 417391 346570 276657
20 01667 03194 03847 04819 600000 313043 259928 207493
30 02500 04792 05771 07229 400000 208696 173285 138329
50 04167 07986 09618 12049 240000 125217 103971 829971
60 05000 09583 11542 14458 200000 104348 866426 691643
70 05833 11181 13465 16868 171429 894410 742651 592837
100 08333 15972 19236 24097 120000 626087 519856 414986
150 12500 23958 28854 36146 800000 417391 346570 276657
200 16667 31944 38472 48194 600000 313043 259928 207493
250 20833 39931 48090 60243 480000 250435 207942 165994
300 25000 47917 57708 72292 400000 208696 173285 138329
400 33333 63889 76944 96389 300000 156522 129964 103746
600 50000 95833 11542 14458 200000 104348 86643 69164
800 66667 12778 15389 19278 150000 78261 64982 51873
1000 83333 15972 19236 24097 120000 62609 51986 41499
1200 10000 19167 23083 28917 100000 52174 43321 34582
1500 12500 23958 28854 36146 80000 41739 34657 27666
2000 16667 31944 38472 48194 60000 31304 25993 20749
3000 25000 47917 57708 72292 40000 20870 17329 13833
any CtAmps 12000
CtAmps 62609
CtAmps 51986
CtAmps 41499
120000 CtAmps
62609 CtAmps
51986 CtAmps
41499 CtAmps
Table 7 Scale Factors - Per-Phase Outputs (Option P3)
Scale Factor EquationsUsing the ldquoWatt-hours per pulserdquo WHpP value from the table above for your model and current
transformer you can compute energy and power as follows
PulseCount - This is the count of pulses used to compute energy You can use the count of
pulses over specified periods of time (like a month) to measure the energy for that period of
time
PulseFreq - This is the measured pulse frequency (Hertz) out of the meter This can also be
computed by counting the number of pulses in a fixed period of time and then dividing by the
number of seconds in that time period For example if you count 720 pulses in five minutes
(300 seconds) then PulseFreq = 720 300 = 240 Hz
Energy (watt-hours) = WHpP PulseCount
Power (watts) = WHpP 3600 PulseFreq
To convert these values to kilowatt-hours and kilowatts divide by 1000
Operating Instructions 27
Using the ldquoPulses Per kilowatt-hourrdquo PpKWH value from the table above for your model and
current transformer you can compute energy and power as follows (multiply by 1000 to convert
kilowatts to watts)
Energy (kilowatt-hours) = PulseCount PpKWH
Power (kilowatts) = 3600 PulseFreq PpKWH
Power and Energy EquationsThis section shows how to compute power and energy from pulses for any full-scale pulse output
frequency The power is proportional to the pulse frequency while the energy is proportional to
the count of pulses
For these calculations we use the following variables
NVac - This is the nominal line voltage (phase to neutral) of the WattNode model For delta
model this is a virtual voltage since there may not be a neutral connection Note this is not the actual measured voltage
PpPO - ldquoPhases per Pulse Outputrdquo This is the number of meter voltage phases associ-
ated with a pulse output channel This may be different than the number of phases you are
monitoring
Standard and Option DPO (Dual Positive Outputs) PpPO = 3
Option P3 (Per-Phase Outputs) PpPO = 1
Option PV (Photovoltaic) PpPO = 2 for outputs P1 and P2 PpPO = 1 for output P3 CtAmps - This is the current transformer (CT) rated amps Note If the conductors being
measured are passed through the CTs more than once then CtAmps is the rated CT current
divided by the number of times that the conductor passes through the CT
FSHz - This is the full-scale pulse frequency of the meter It is 400 Hz unless the meter was
ordered with Option Hz=xxx (where xxx specifies the full-scale pulse frequency) or Option Kh
PulseCount - This is the measured pulse count used to compute energy You can use the
count of pulses over specified periods of time (such as a month) to measure the energy for
that period of time
PulseFreq - This is the measured pulse frequency from one of the pulse channels (P1 P2
or P3) This can be computed by counting the number of pulses in a fixed period of time and
then dividing by the number of seconds in that time period For example if you count 720
pulses in five minutes (300 seconds) then PulseFreq = 720 300 = 240 Hz
The values of the constant parameters are in the following table
WattNode Models NVac Standard FSHz ValuesWNB-3Y-208-P 120 400 Hz
WNB-3Y-400-P 230 400 Hz
WNB-3Y-480-P 277 400 Hz
WNB-3Y-600-P 347 400 Hz
WNB-3D-240-P 120 400 Hz
WNB-3D-400-P 230 400 Hz
WNB-3D-480-P 277 400 Hz
Note these are ldquovirtualrdquo line-to-neutral voltages used for delta model power
and energy computations
Table 8 Power and Energy Parameters
28 Operating Instructions
Watt-Hours per Pulse
FSHz 3600PpPO NVac CtAmpsWHpP =
Watt-Hours per Pulse per CT Rated AmpThere is an alternate way of computing the energy reported by a meter using the variable
WHpPpA (watt-hours per pulse per CT rated amp) If you multiply the WHpPpA by the amp rating
of your CTs the result will be the watt-hours measured each time the meter generates a pulse
EnergyPerPulse (WH) = WHpPpA CtAmps
The standard WHpPpA values are listed in the following table These only apply for models with a
400 Hz full-scale pulse frequency
WattNode ModelsWatt-Hours per Pulse per CT Rated Amp (FSHz = 400)
Standard and
Option DPO Outputs
Option P3
Per-Phase Outputs
WNB-3Y-208-P 002500 0008333
WNB-3Y-400-P 004792 001597
WNB-3Y-480-P 005771 001924
WNB-3Y-600-P 007229 002410
WNB-3D-240-P 002500 0008333
WNB-3D-400-P 004792 001597
WNB-3D-480-P 005771 001924
Table 9 Watt-Hours per Pulse per CT Rated Amp
For example a WNB-3Y-208-P with a full-scale pulse frequency of 400 Hz has a WHpPpA value
of 00250 With 15 amp CTs it will output one pulse for every 0375 watt-hours
(0025) (150 amps) = 0375 watt-hours
It is easy to use the WHpPpA value to compute energy
Energy (Wh) = WHpPpA CtAmps PulseCount
For non-standard models you can compute WHpPpA as follows
FSHz 3600PpPO NVacWHpPpA =
Energy EquationThe following equation computes the energy (watt-hours) associated with a pulse output channel
By using the PulseCount for different periods of time (day week month etc) you can measure
the energy over different time periods You can convert this to kilowatt-hours by dividing by 1000
The 3600 term in the denominator converts from watt-seconds to watt-hours Note use NVac
value from Table 8 above
FSHz 3600Energy (WH) =
NVac PpPO CtAmps PulseCount
Pulses per Watt-Hour
NVac PpPO CtAmpsFSHz 3600PpWH =
Operating Instructions 29
Pulses Per Kilowatt-Hour
NVac PpPO CtAmpsFSHz 3600 1000PpKWH =
Full-Scale Power EquationThe following equation computes the nominal full-scale power associated with a pulse output
channel For bidirectional output models this is the full-scale power for all phases together For
per-phase output models this is the full-scale power for a single phase Note use NVac value
from Table 8 Power and Energy Parameters above
Full-Scale Power (W) = NVac PpPO CtAmps
Power EquationThe following equation computes the power associated with a pulse output The PulseFreq value
may be measured or averaged over different time periods to compute the average power (also
called demand) Note use NVac value from Table 8 above
FSHzNVac PpPO CtAmps PulseFreqPower (W ) =
Maintenance and RepairThe WattNode Pulse meter requires no maintenance There are no user serviceable or replace-
able parts except the pluggable screw terminals
The WattNode meter should not normally need to be cleaned but if cleaning is desired power
must be disconnected first and a dry or damp cloth or brush should be used
The WattNode meter is not user serviceable In the event of any failure the meter must be
returned for service (contact CCS for an RMA) In the case of a new installation follow the diag-
nostic and troubleshooting instructions before returning the meter for service to ensure that the
problem is not connection related
30 Specifications
SpecificationsModels
ModelNominal Vac
Line-to-NeutralNominal Vac Line-to-Line
Phases Wires
WNB-3Y-208-P 120 208ndash240 3 4
WNB-3Y-400-P 230 400 3 4
WNB-3Y-480-P 277 480 3 4
WNB-3Y-600-P 347 600 3 4
WNB-3D-240-P 120 208ndash240 3 3ndash4
WNB-3D-400-P 230 400 3 3ndash4
WNB-3D-480-P 277 480 3 3ndash4
Note the delta models have an optional neutral connection that may be used for measuring
wye circuits In the absence of neutral voltages are measured with respect to ground Delta
WattNode models use the phase A and phase B connections for power
Table 10 WattNode Models
Model OptionsAny of these models are available with the following options
Bidirectional Outputs - (this is the standard model) This model has two pulse output chan-
nels P1 generates pulses in proportion to the total real positive energy while P2 generates
pulses in proportion to the total real negative energy The individual phase energies are all
added together every 200 ms If the result is positive it is accumulated for the P1 output if
negative it is accumulated for the P2 output If one phase has negative power (-100 W) while
the other two phases have positive power (+100 W each) the negative phase will subtract
from the positive phases resulting in a net of 100 W causing pulses on P1 but no pulses on
P2 There will only be pulses on P2 if the sum of all three phases is negative
Option P3 Per-Phase Outputs - Models with this option have three pulse output channels
P1 P2 and P3 Each generates pulses in proportion to the real positive energy measured on
one phase (phases A B and C respectively)
Option DPO Dual Positive Outputs - This option is like the standard model with
bidirectional outputs but with the addition of the P3 output channel The P3 chan-
nel indicates positive real energy just like the P1 channel This is useful when the meter
needs to be connected to two different devices such as a display and a data logger See
Manual Supplement MS-11 Option DPO (Dual Positive Outputs) for details
Option PV Photovoltaic - The photovoltaic option measures residential PV systems It
allows one WattNode meter to measure the bidirectional total house energy and the PV (or
wind) generated energy See Manual Supplement MS-10 Option PV (Photovoltaic) for details
Option Hz Custom Pulse Output Frequency - WattNode meters are available with custom
full-scale pulse output frequencies ranging from 001 Hz to 600 Hz (150 Hz maximum for
Options P3 DPO and PV ) For custom frequencies specify Option Hz=nnn where nnn
is the desired full-scale frequency To specify different frequencies for P1 P2 and P3 use
Option Hz=rrrsssttt where P1 frequency = rrr P2 frequency = sss P3 frequency = ttt
Option SSR Solid State Relay Output - Replaces the standard optoisolator outputs with
solid state relays capable of switching 500 mA at up to 40 Vac or plusmn60 Vdc See Option SSR Outputs below for details
Option TVS=24 - Install 24 V bidirectional TVS protection diodes across P1 P2 and P3
outputs Used with Option SSR when driving 12 Vdc electromechanical counters to protect
the solid-state relays from the inductive kickback of the counter
Specifications 31
Option PW Pulse Width - This specifies the pulse ON (closed or conducting) period in
milliseconds For example Opt PW=100 configures 100 millisecond pulse ON periods See
Manual Supplement MS-17 Option PW (Pulse Width) for details
Option Kh Watt-hour Constant - This specifies the watt-hour constant or the number of
watt-hours that must accumulate for each pulse generated by the meter Each pulse includes
an ON (conducting) and OFF period The number of watt-hours may be small even less than
one or large For example Opt Kh=1000 specifies one pulse per 1000 watt-hours (one pulse
per kilowatt-hour) See httpwwwccontrolsyscomwOption_Kh
Option CT Current Transformer Rated Amps - This specifies the rated
amps of the attached current transformers This is only used in conjunc-
tion with Option Kh It may be specified as Opt CT=xxx or Opt CT=xxxyyyzzz if there are CTs with different rated amps on different phases See
httpwwwccontrolsyscomwWattNode_Pulse_-_Option_CT_-_CT_Rated_Amps
AccuracyThe following accuracy specifications do not include errors caused by the current transformer
accuracy or phase angle errors ldquoRated currentrdquo is the current that generates a CT output voltage
of 033333 Vac
Condition 1 - Normal OperationLine voltage -20 to +15 of nominal
Power factor 10
Frequency 48 - 62 Hz
Ambient Temperature 25degC
CT Current 5 - 100 of rated current
Accuracy plusmn05 of reading
Condition 2 - Low CT CurrentAll conditions the same as Condition 1 exceptCT Current 1 - 5 of rated current
Accuracy plusmn10 of reading
Condition 3 ndash Very Low CT CurrentAll conditions the same as Condition 1 exceptCT Current 02 - 1 of rated current
Accuracy plusmn30 of reading
Condition 4 - High CT CurrentAll conditions the same as Condition 1 exceptCT Current 100 - 120 of rated current
Accuracy plusmn10 of reading
Condition 5 - Low Power FactorAll conditions the same as Condition 1 exceptPower factor 05 (plusmn60 degree phase shift between current and voltage)
Additional Error plusmn05 of reading
Condition 6 - Temperature VariationAll conditions the same as Condition 1 exceptAmbient Temperature -30degC to +55degC
Additional Error plusmn075 of reading
32 Specifications
Note Option PV WattNode models may not meet these accuracy specifications for the P3
output channel when measuring a two-phase inverter or multiple inverters
Pulse OutputsFactory Programmable Full-Scale Pulse Frequencies
Standard (All Models) 400 Hz
Custom (Bidirectional Output Models) 001 Hz to 600 Hz
Custom (Option P3 Option PV Option DPO) 001 Hz to 150 Hz
Absolute Maximum Pulse Output FrequenciesStandard Models (Bidirectional Outputs) 900 Hz
Option P3 Option PV Option DPO 200 Hz
Output Waveform square-wave ~50 duty cycle
Option PW programmable pulse ON (closed or conducting period 1 to 65535 milliseconds
Optoisolator OutputsIsolation 5000 Vac RMS
Breakdown Voltage (collectorndashemitter) 60 V (exceeding this may destroy the outputs)
Maximum Reverse Voltage (emitter-collector) 5 Vdc (exceeding may destroy the outputs)
Maximum Leakage (OFF) Current (collectorndashemitter) 100 nA
Recommended Load Current (collectorndashemitter) 1 μA (microamp) to 5 mA (milliamp)
Maximum Load (collectorndashemitter) Current ~8 mA
Approximate ON Resistance (as measured by a DMM) 100 Ω to 2000 Ω
Approximate OFF Resistance (as measured by a DMM) gt 50 MΩ
MeasurementCreep Limit 0067 (11500th) of full-scale Whenever the apparent power (a combination of the
real and reactive power values) for a phase drops below the creep limit the output power (real)
for the phase will be forced to zero Also if the line voltage for a phase drops below 20 of
nominal Vac the output power for the phase will be set to zero These limits prevent spurious
pulses due to measurement noise
Update Rate ~200 milliseconds Internally the consumed energy is measured at this rate and
used to update the pulse output rate
Start-Up Time approximately 500 milliseconds The meter starts measuring power and generat-
ing pulses 500 milliseconds after AC voltage is applied
Current Transformer Phase Angle Correction 10 degree leading Current transformers (CTs)
typically have a leading phase angle error ranging from 02 degrees to 25 degrees The
WattNode meter is normally programmed to correct for a 10 degree phase lead to provide
good accuracy with typical CTs
Over-Voltage Limit 125 of nominal Vac If the line voltage for one or more phases exceeds this
limit the status LEDs for these phases will flash alternating red-green as a warning Extended
over-voltage operation can damage the meter and void the warranty See Line Voltage Too High (p 21)
Over-Current Limit 120 of rated current Exceeding 120 of rated current will not harm the
WattNode meter but the current and power will not be measured accurately
Specifications 33
Saturation Voltage vs Load Current this is the typical voltage (at room temperature) mea-
sured between the COM terminal and P1 P2 or P3 when the optoisolator is on (conduct-
ing) Ideally this voltage would be zero but instead it varies with the load current
10
100
1000
001 01 1 10
Opt
oiso
lato
r Sat
urat
ion
Vce
(mill
ivol
ts)
Optoisolator Current (mA)
Figure 13 Optoisolator Saturation Voltage vs Load Current
Output Rise Time (microseconds) approximately Rpullup 100 where Rpullup is the pull-
up resistor value (in ohms) and the pull-up voltage is 5 Vdc Rise time is defined as the time
for the output voltage to rise from 20 to 80 of the pull-up voltage
Output Fall Time approximately 2-3 microseconds with a 5 Vdc pull-up voltage
Option SSR OutputsIsolation 5000 Vac RMS
Breakdown Voltage plusmn60 Vdc or 40 Vac can switch positive negative or AC voltages
Maximum Leakage (Off) Current 1000 nA (1 μA)
On Resistance 10 to 25 Ω
Maximum Load Current 500 mA
Output Turn On Time (milliseconds) 18 ms typical 50 ms maximum
Output Turn Off Time (milliseconds) 05 ms typical 20 ms maximum
Maximum Recommended Pulse Frequency 30 Hz
ElectricalPower Consumption The following table shows typical power consumption and power factor
values with all three phases powered at nominal line voltages The power supply draws
most of the total power consumed while the measurement circuitry draws 1-10 of the total
(6-96 milliwatts per phase depending on the model) Due to the design of the power supply
WattNode meters draw slightly more power at 50 Hz
34 Specifications
ModelActive
Power at 60 Hz
Active Power at
50 Hz
Power Factor
Rated Power
Power Supply Range
Power Supply
TerminalsWNB-3Y-208-P 16 W 18 W 075 3 W 96 ndash 138 Vac N and OslashAWNB-3Y-400-P 16 W 18 W 064 3 W 184 ndash 264 Vac N and OslashAWNB-3Y-480-P 21 W 24 W 063 4 W 222 ndash 318 Vac N and OslashAWNB-3Y-600-P 12 W 12 W 047 3 W 278 ndash 399 Vac N and OslashAWNB-3D-240-P 17 W 19 W 063 4 W 166 ndash 276 Vac OslashA and OslashBWNB-3D-400-P 14 W 15 W 047 3 W 320 ndash 460 Vac OslashA and OslashBWNB-3D-480-P 18 W 22 W 053 4 W 384 ndash 552 Vac OslashA and OslashB
Table 11 Power Supply Characteristics
Note This is the maximum rated power at 115 of nominal Vac at 50 Hz This is the same as
the rated power that appears on the front label of the meter
Maximum Operating Power Supply Voltage Range -20 to +15 of nominal (see table
above) For the WNB-3D-240-P this is -20 of 208 Vac (166 Vac) to +15 of 240 Vac (276
Vac)
Operating Frequencies 5060 Hz
Measurement Category CAT III
Measurement category III is for measurements performed in the building installation Examples
are measurements on distribution boards circuit-breakers wiring including cables bus-bars
junction boxes switches socket-outlets in the fixed installation and equipment for industrial
use and some other equipment for example stationary motors with permanent connection to
the fixed installation
The line voltage measurement terminals on the meter are rated for the following CAT III volt-
ages (these ratings also appear on the front label)
Model CAT III Voltage RatingWNB-3Y-208-P
WNB-3D-240-P
240 Vac
WNB-3Y-400-P
WNB-3D-400-P
400 Vac
WNB-3Y-480-P
WNB-3D-480-P
480 Vac
WNB-3Y-600-P 600 Vac
Table 12 WattNode CAT III Ratings
Current Transformer InputsNominal Input Voltage (At CT Rated Current) 033333 Vac RMS
Absolute Maximum Input Voltage 50 Vac RMS
Input Impedance at 5060 Hz 23 kΩ
Specifications 35
CertificationsSafety UL 61010-1 CANCSA-C222 No 61010-1-04 IEC 61010-1
Immunity EN 61326 2002 (Industrial Locations)
Electrostatic Discharge EN 61000-4-2 4 kV contact 8 kV air (B) Self-Recovering
Radiated RF Immunity EN 61000-4-3 10 Vm (A) No Degradation
Electrical Fast Transient Burst EN 61000-4-4 2 kV (B) Self-Recovering
Surge Immunity EN 61000-4-5 1 kV IO 4 kV AC (B) Self-Recovering
Conducted RF Immunity EN 61000-4-6 3 V (A) No Degradation
Voltage Dips Interrupts EN 61000-4-11 (B) Self-Recovering
Emissions FCC Part 15 Class B EN 55022 1994 Class B
EnvironmentalOperating Temperature -30degC to +55degC (-22degF to 131degF)
Altitude Up to 2000 m (6560 ft)
Operating Humidity non-condensing 5 to 90 relative humidity (RH) up to 40degC decreasing
linearly to 50 RH at 55degC
Pollution POLLUTION DEGREE 2 - Normally only non-conductive pollution occasionally a
temporary conductivity caused by condensation must be expected
Indoor Use Suitable for indoor use
Outdoor Use Suitable for outdoor use when mounted inside an electrical enclosure (Hammond
Mfg Type EJ Series) that is rated NEMA 3R or 4 (IP 66)
MechanicalEnclosure High impact ABS andor ABSPC plastic
Flame Resistance Rating UL 94V-0 IEC FV-0
Size 153 mm times 85 mm times 38 mm (602 in times 335 in times 150 in)
Weight 285 gm (101 oz) 314 gm (111 oz)
Connectors Euroblock style pluggable terminal blocks
Green up to 12 AWG (25 mm2) 600 V
Black up to 12 AWG (25 mm2) 300 V
Current TransformersWattNode meters use CTs with built-in burden resistors generating 033333 Vac at rated AC cur-
rent The maximum input current rating is dependent on the CT frame size (see the tables below)
Exceeding the maximum input current rating may damage CTs but should not harm the meter
None of these CTs measure DC current and the accuracy can be degraded in the presence of DC
currents as from half-wave rectified loads The solid-core CTs are most susceptible to saturation
due to DC currents
WattNode meters should only be used with UL recognized current transformers which are avail-
able from Continental Control Systems Using non-approved transformers will invalidate the meter
UL listing The following sections list approved UL recognized current transformers
36 Specifications
Common CT SpecificationsType voltage output integral burden resistor
Output Voltage at Rated Current 033333 Vac (one-third volt)
Standard CT Wire Length 24 m (8 feet)
Optional CT Wire Length up to 30 m (100 feet)
Split-Core CTsAlso called ldquoopeningrdquo current transformers These are UL recognized under UL file numbers
E96927 or E325972 CTM-0360-xxx CTS-0750-xxx CTS-1250-xxx CTS-2000-xxx where xxx
indicates the full scale current rating between 0005 and 1500 amps
The accuracy of the split-core CTs are specified from 10 to 100 of rated AC current The
phase angle is specified at 50 of rated current (amps) Some low current split-core CTs have
unspecified phase angle errors
ModelInside
DiameterRated Amps (-xxx)
Accuracy Phase Angle
Maximum Amps
CTM-0360-xxx 030 (75 mm) 5 15 30 50 70 plusmn1 lt2deg 100
CTS-0750-xxx 075rdquo (190 mm) 5 15 30 50 plusmn1 not spec 200
CTS-0750-xxx 075rdquo (190 mm) 70 100 150 200 plusmn1 lt2deg 200
CTS-1250-xxx 125rdquo (317 mm) 70 100 plusmn1 not spec 600
CTS-1250-xxx 125rdquo (317 mm) 150 200 250 300 400 600 plusmn1 lt2deg 600
CTS-2000-xxx 200rdquo (508 mm) 600 800 1000 1200 1500 plusmn1 lt2deg 1500
Table 13 Split-core CTs
Split-Core Bus Bar CTsThese current transformers are referred to as ldquobus barrdquo CTs because they are available in larger
and custom sizes appropriate for use with bus bars or multiple large conductors These are UL
recognized under UL file number E325972 CTB-wwwXhhh-xxx where www and hhh indicate
the width and height in inches and xxx indicates the full scale current rating
The accuracy of the split-core bus bar CTs is specified from 10 to 100 of rated current The
phase angle is specified at 50 of rated current (amps)
Model OpeningRated Amps
Accuracy Phase Angle
Maximum Amps
CTB-15x35-0600 15 x 35 (381 mm x 889 mm) 600 plusmn15 lt15deg 750
CTB-40x40-0800 40 x 40 (1016 mm x 1016 mm) 800 plusmn15 lt15deg 1000
CTB-40x40-1200 40 x 40 (1016 mm x 1016mm) 1200 plusmn15 lt15deg 1500
CTB-40x40-2000 40 x 40 (1016 mm x 1016 mm) 2000 plusmn15 lt15deg 2500
CTB-45x40-3000 45 x 40 (1143 mm x 1016 mm) 3000 plusmn15 lt15deg 3750
CTB-wwwxhhh-xxxx Custom (www by hhh inches) xxxx plusmn15 lt15deg 4000
Table 14 Split-core Bus Bar CTs
Solid-Core CTsAlso called ldquotoroidrdquo or ldquodonutrdquo current transformers These are UL recognized under UL
file number E96927 CTT-0750-100N CTT-1250-400N CTT-0300-030N CTT-0500-060N
CTT-1000-200N CTT-0300-005N CTT-0300-015N CTT-0500-050N CTT-0500-030N
CTT-0500-015N CTT-0750-070N CTT-0750-050N CTT-0750-030N CTT-1000-150N
CTT-1000-100N CTT-1000-070N CTT-1000-050N CTT-1250-300N CTT-1250-250N
CTT-1250-200N CTT-1250-150N CTT-1250-100N CTT-1250-070N
Warranty 37
The accuracy of the solid-core CTs is specified from 10 to 100 of rated current The phase
angle error is specified at 50 of rated current The CT suffix xxx is the rated current The ldquoNrdquo at
the end of the part number indicates a nickel core material which is the only core material avail-
able for our solid-core CTs
ModelInside
DiameterRated Amps (-xxx)
Accuracy Phase Angle
Maximum Amps
CTT-0300-xxxN 030 (76mm) 5 15 20 30 plusmn1 lt1deg 30
CTT-0500-xxxN 050 (127mm) 15 20 30 50 60 plusmn1 lt1deg 60
CTT-0750-xxxN 075 (190mm) 30 50 70 100 plusmn1 lt1deg 100
CTT-1000-xxxN 100 (254mm) 50 70 100 150 200 plusmn1 lt1deg 200
CTT-1250-xxxN 125 (317mm) 70 100 150 200 250 300 400 plusmn1 lt1deg 400
Table 15 Solid-core CTs
WarrantyAll products sold by Continental Control Systems LLC (CCS) are guaranteed against defects in
material and workmanship for a period of five years from the original date of shipment CCSrsquos
responsibility is limited to repair replacement or refund any of which may be selected by CCS at
its sole discretion CCS reserves the right to substitute functionally equivalent new or serviceable
used parts
This warranty covers only defects arising under normal use and does not include malfunctions or
failures resulting from misuse neglect improper application improper installation water damage
acts of nature lightning product modifications alterations or repairs by anyone other than CCS
Except as set forth herein CCS makes no warranties expressed or implied and CCS disclaims and negates all other warranties including without limitation implied warranties of merchantability and fitness for a particular purpose
Limitation of LiabilityIn no event shall CCS be liable for any indirect special incidental punitive or consequen-tial damages of any kind or nature arising out of the sale or use of its products whether such liability is asserted on the basis of contract tort or otherwise including without limitation lost profits even if CCS has been advised of the possibility of such damages
Customer acknowledges that CCSrsquos aggregate liability to Customer relating to or arising out of the sale or use of CCSrsquos products whether such liability is asserted on the basis of contract tort or otherwise shall not exceed the purchase price paid by Customer for the products in respect of which damages are claimed Customer specifically acknowledges that CCSrsquos price for the products is based upon the limitations of CCSrsquos liability set forth herein
CTL Series - 125 Inch Window - 250 and 400 AmpsThe CTL revenue-grade split-core current transformers provide IEEE
C5713 class 06 accuracy with UL listing for energy management
equipment They combine the ease of installation of an opening cur-
rent transformer with the accuracy normally associated with solid-core
current transformers They are an ideal companion to the WattNodereg
Revenue meter for revenue-grade electric power metering applications
bull Very low phase angle error essential for accurate power and energy
measurements
bull IEEEANSI C5713 and IEC 60044-1 accuracy over the full tem-
perature range
bull Glove-friendly operation with one hand
SpecificationsAll specifications are for operation at 60 Hz
bull Accuracy
bull plusmn050 from 15 to 100 of rated primary current
bull plusmn075 from 1 to 15 of rated primary current
bull Phase angle
bull plusmn025 degrees (15 minutes) from 50 to 100 of rated current
bull plusmn050 degrees (30 minutes) from 5 to 50 of rated current
bull plusmn075 degrees (45 minutes) from 1 to 5 of rated current
bull Accuracy standards IEEE C5713 class 06 IEC 60044-1 class 05S
bull Primary rating 250 or 400 Amps 600 Vac 60 Hz nominal
bull Output 33333 mVac at rated current
bull Operating temperature -30degC to 55degC
bull Safe integral burden resistor no shorting block needed
bull Standard lead length 8 ft (24 m) 18 AWG
bull Approvals UL recognized CE mark RoHS
bull Assembled in USA qualified under Buy American provision in ARRA of
2009
Models Amps MSRPCTL-1250-250 Opt C06 250 $ 66
CTL-1250-400 Opt C06 400 $ 66
Revenue-Grade Accuracy
3131 Indian Road bull Boulder CO 80301 USAsalesccontrolsyscom bull wwwccontrolsyscom(888) 928-8663 bull Fax (303) 444-2903
-100
-075
-050
-025
000
025
050
075
100
01 1 10 100 200
Rea
din
g E
rro
r
Percent of Rated Primary Current
CTL-1250 Series Typical Accuracy
CTL-1250-250 Opt C06
CTL-1250-400 Opt C06
-100deg
-075deg
-050deg
-025deg
000deg
025deg
050deg
075deg
100deg
Pha
se A
ngle
Deg
rees
Percent of Rated Primary Current
CTL-1250 Series Typical Phase Error
CTL-1250-250 Opt C06
CTL-1250-400 Opt C06
01 1 10 100 200
bull Graphs show typical performance at 23degC 60 Hz
bull Graph shows a positive phase angle when the
output leads the primary current
CTL-51013 Specifications are subject to change
Patent pending
317(805)
130(330)
368(937)327
(830)
138(350)
114(289)
125(317)
Dimensions in inches(millimeters)
New
Continental Control Systems LLC
PatPatent pee
Minimum System Requirements
Software USB cableUSB bl S ft
Flexible Accurate 4-channel Analog Logger
HOBO UX120 4-Channel Analog Logger
Key Advantages
bull Twice the accuracy over previous models bull 16-bit resolutionbull Flexible support for a wide range of external sensorsbull LCD confirms logger operation and displays near real-time measurement databull Provides minimum maximum average and standard deviation logging optionsbull On-screen alarms notify you when a sensor reading exceeds set thresholdsbull Stores 19 million measurements for longer deployments between offloads
The HOBO UX120-006M Analog Logger is a high-performance LCD display data logger for building performance monitoring applications As Onsetrsquos highest-accuracy data logger it provides twice the accuracy of previous models a deployment-friendly LCD and flexible support up to four external sensors for measuring temperature current CO2 voltage and more
Supported Measurements Temperature 4-20mA AC Current AC Voltage Air Velocity Carbon Dioxide Compressed Air Flow DC Current DC Voltage Gauge Pressure Kilowatts Volatile Organic Compound (sensors sold separately)
USB cable included with software
For complete information and accessories please visit wwwonsetcompcom
Part number UX120-006M (4-Channel Analog)
Memory 19 MillionLogging Rate 1 second to 18 hours user selectableLogging Modes Normal Burst StatisticsMemory Modes Wrap when full or stop when fullTime Accuracy plusmn1 minute per month at 25degC (77degF)Battery Life 1 year typical with logging rate of 1 minute and sampling interval of 15 seconds or greater user replaceable 2 AAADimensions 108 x 541 x 254 cm (425 x 213 x 1 in)Operating Range Logging -20deg to 70degC (-4deg to 158degF) 0 to 95 RH (non-condensing)Accuracy plusmn01 mV plusmn01 of readingCE Compliant Yes
Log type J K T E R S B or N thermocouplesHOBOreg UX120 4-Channel Thermocouple Logger
Supported Measurements Temperature
Minimum System Requirements
Software USB cableUSB bl S ft
For complete information and accessories please visit wwwonsetcompcom
Part number UX120-014M (Thermocouple)
Internal TemperatureRange -20deg to 70degC (-4deg to 158degF)Accuracy plusmn021degC from 0deg to 50degC (plusmn038degF from 32deg to 122degF)Resolution 0024degC at 25degC (004degF at 77degF)Drift lt01degC (018degF) per year
LoggerLogging Rate 1 second to 18 hours 12 minutes 15 secondsLogging Modes Normal Burst StatisticsMemory Modes Wrap when full or stop when fullTime Accuracy plusmn1 minute per month at 25degC (77degF)Battery Life 1 year typical with logging rate of 1 minute and sampling interval of 15 seconds or greater user replaceable 2 AAADimensions 108 x 541 x 254 cm (425 x 213 x 1 in)Operating Range Logging -20deg to 70degC (-4deg to 158degF) 0 to 95 RH (non-condensing)CE Compliant Yes
Thermocouple Range Accuracy Resolution(probes sold separately) Type J -210deg to 760degC (-346deg to 1400degF) plusmn06degC (plusmn108degF) plusmn thermocouple probe accuracy 003degC (006degF)Type K -260deg to 1370degC (-436deg to 2498degF) plusmn07degC (plusmn126degF) plusmn thermocouple probe accuracy 004degC (007degF)Type T -260deg to 400degC (-436deg to 752degF) plusmn06degC (plusmn108degF) plusmn thermocouple probe accuracy 002degC (003degF)Type E -260deg to 950degC (-436deg to 1742degF) plusmn06degC (plusmn108degF) plusmn thermocouple probe accuracy 003degC at (005degF)Type R -50deg to 1550degC (-58deg to 2822degF) plusmn22degC (plusmn396degF) plusmn thermocouple probe accuracy 008degC (015degF)Type S -50deg to 1720degC (-58deg to 3128degF) plusmn22degC (plusmn396degF) plusmn thermocouple probe accuracy 008degC (015degF)Type B +60deg to 1820degC (1022deg to 3308degF) plusmn25degC (plusmn45degF) plusmn thermocouple probe accuracy 01degC (018F)Type N -260deg to 1300degC (-436deg to 2372degF) plusmn10degC (plusmn18degF) plusmn thermocouple probe accuracy 006degC (011degF)
USB cable included with software
Key Advantages
bull Easy-to-view LCD display confirms logger operation and battery statusbull Near real-time readout of current temperatures as well as minimum maximum average and standard deviation statisticsbull On-screen alarms notify you if temperatures exceed high or low thresholdsbull Large memory capacity capable of storing 19 million measurementsbull Start stop and restart pushbuttonsbull User-upgradeable firmware
The HOBO UX120 Thermocouple Logger is a four-channel LCD data logger for measuring and recording temperature in a range of monitoring applications The logger makes it easy and convenient to record temperatures over a broad range (-260 to 1820deg C) and can accept up to four J K T E R S B or N type probes In addition to accepting four thermocouple probes the logger features an internal temperature sensor for logging ambient temperatures further extending the application possibilities
Log pulse signals events state changes and runtimesHOBOreg UX120 Pulse Logger
Key Advantages
bull Simultaneously measures and records pulse signals events state changes and runtimesbull Stores over 4 million measurements enabling longer deployments with fewer site visitsbull Streamlines deployment via range of startstop options logger status LEDs and high-speed USB 20 data offloadbull Works with Onsetrsquos E50B2 Power amp Energy Meter to measure Power Factor Reactive Power Watt Hours and more
The HOBO UX120 4-Channel Pulse data logger is a highly versatile 4-channel energy data logger that combines the functionality of four separate energy loggers into one compact unit It enables energy management professionals ndash from energy auditors to building commissioners ndash to easily track building energy consumption equipment runtimes and water and gas flow rates
Supported Measurements Pulse Signals Event Runtime State AC Current AC Voltage Amp Hour Kilowatt Hours Kilowatts Motor OnOff Power Factor Volt-Amps Watt Hours Watts Volt-Amp Reactive Volt-Amp Reactive Hour
Minimum System Requirements
Software USB cable SensorUSB bl S ft S
Part number UX120-017 UX120-017M
Memory 520000 measurements 4000000 measurementsSampling rate 1 second to 18 hoursBattery life 1 year typical user replaceable 2 AAExternal contact Input Electronic solid state switch closure or logic driven digital signals to 24VMax pulse frequency 120 HzMax state event runtime frequency 1 Hz
Resolution Pulse 1 pulse Runtime 1 second State and Event 1 state or eventBits 4 - 32 bits depending on pulse rate and logging intervalLockout time 0 to 1 second in 100 ms stepsOperating temperature range Logging -40ordm to 70ordmC (-40ordm to 158ordmF) 0 to 95 RH (non-condensing)
Dimensions 114 x 63 x 33 cm (45 x 25 x 13 inches)CE compliant Yes
USB cable included with software
For complete information and accessories please visit wwwonsetcompcom
Copyrightcopy 2013 Onset Computer Corporation All rights reserved Onset HOBO HOBOware are registered trademarks of Onset Computer Corporation Other products and brand names may be trademarks or registered trademarks of their respective owners Patented technology (US Patent 6826664) MKT1049-0813
Technical Support (8am to 8pm ET Monday through Friday) wwwonsetcompcomsupportcontact Call 1-877-564-4377
Contact Us Sales (8am to 5pm ET Monday through Friday) Email salesonsetcompcom Call 1-800-564-4377 Fax 1-508-759-9100
HOBOreg 4-Channel Pulse Input Data Logger (UX120-017x) Manual
14638-E
The HOBO 4-Channel Pulse Input data logger records electronic pulses and mechanical or electrical contact closures from external sensing devices Using HOBOwarereg you can easily configure each of its four channels to monitor and record pulse event state or runtime data in a wide variety of applications including tracking building energy consumption monitoring mechanical equipment and recording water and gas flow rates Plus when combined with the E50B2 Energy amp Power Meter (T-VER-E50B2) this logger provides extensive power and energy monitoring capabilities There are two models of the HOBO 4-Channel Pulse Input data logger the UX120-017 stores more than 500000 measurements while the UX120-017M holds more than 4000000 measurements
Specifications Inputs
External Contact Input Electronic solid state switch closure or logic driven digital signals to 24 V
Maximum Pulse Frequency 120 Hz
Maximum State Event Runtime Frequency
1 Hz
Bits 4ndash32 bits depending on pulse rate and logging interval
Maximum Pulses Per Interval
7863960 (using maximum logging rate)
Driven Logic Signal Input Low 04 V Input High 3 to 24 V
Absolute Maximum Rating Maximum Voltage 25 V DC Minimum Voltage -03 V DC
Solid State Switch Closure Input Low lt 10 K Input High gt 500 K
Internal Weak Pull-Up 100 K
Input Impedance Solid state switch closure 100 K pull up Driven signal 45 K
Minimum Pulse Width Contact closure duration 500 uS Driven logic signal 100 uS
Lockout Time 0 to 1 second in 100 ms steps
Edge Detection Falling edge Schmitt Trigger buffer
Preferred Switch State Normally open or Logic ldquo1rdquo state
Logging
Resolution Pulse 1 pulse Runtime 1 second State and Event 1 State or Event
Logging Rate 1 second to 18 hours 12 minutes 15 seconds
Time Accuracy plusmn1 minute per month at 25degC (77degF) (see Plot A on next page)
Battery Life 1 year typical with logging intervals greater than 1 minute and normally open contacts
Battery Type Two AA alkaline or lithium batteries
Memory
Memory UX120-017 520192 measurements (assumes 8-bit) UX120-017M 4124672 measurements (assumes 8-bit)
Download Type USB 20 interface
Download Time 30 seconds for UX120-017 15 minutes for UX120-017M
Physical
Operating Range Logging -40deg to 70degC (-40deg to 158degF) 0 to 95 RH (non-condensing) LaunchReadout 0deg to 50degC (32deg to 122degF) per USB specification
Weight 149 g (526 oz)
Size 114 x 63 x 33 cm (45 x 25 x 13 inches)
Environmental Rating IP50
The CE Marking identifies this product as complying with all relevant directives in the European Union (EU)
HOBO 4-Channel Pulse Input Data Logger
Models UX120-017 UX120-017M
Included Items bull 4 Mounting screws bull 2 Magnets bull Hook amp loop tape bull 4 Terminal block connectors
Required Items bull HOBOware Pro 32 or later bull USB cable (included with
software)
Accessories bull Additional terminal blocks
(A-UX120-TERM-BLOCK) bull Lithium batteries (HWSB-LI)
Additional sensors and accessories available at wwwonsetcompcom
HOBO 4-Channel Pulse Input Data Logger Manual
1-800-LOGGERS 2 wwwonsetcompcom
Specifications (continued)
Plot A Time Accuracy
Logger Components and Operation
StartStop Button Press this button for 3 seconds to start or stop logging data This requires configuring the logger in HOBOware with a Button Start andor a Button Stop (see Setting up the Logger) You can also press this button for 1 second to record an internal event (see Recording Internal Logger Events)
LEDs There are three types of LEDs on the logger to indicate logger operation Logging Waiting and Activity Note that all LEDs will blink when the logger is initially powered (ie when the batteries are installed)
LED Description Logging (green)
Blinks every 2 seconds when the logger is recording data Disable this LED by selecting the Turn Off LEDs option in HOBOware
Waiting (orange)
Blinks every 2 seconds when awaiting a start because the logger was configured with Start At Interval Delayed Start or Button Start settings in HOBOware
Activity (red)
There is one Activity LED per input channel Press the Test button to activate all four Activity LEDs for 10 minutes to determine the state of the four input channels When the logger is recording data the Activity LED for the corresponding channel will blink at every pulse signal Note If you press the Test button during logging then the Activity LED will remain illuminated for any channel that has not been configured to record data
Inputs There are 4 input channels to connect the logger to external sensorsdevices
Terminal Blocks There are 4 terminal blocks included with the logger to plug into the inputs for connecting devices
Test Button Press this button to activate the Activity Lights for 10 minutes to test for contact resistance or voltage signal in any of the four input channels (see the LED table)
Mounting Holes There are four mounting holes two on each side that you can use to mount the logger to a surface (see Mounting the Logger)
USB Port This is the port used to connect the logger to the computer or the HOBO U-Shuttle via USB cable (see Setting up the Logger and Reading Out the Logger)
Setting Up the Logger Use HOBOware Pro to set up the logger including selecting the start and stop logging options configuring the input channels for specific sensor types and entering scaling factors It may be helpful to set up the logger with a Delayed Start or a Button Start first and then bring it to the location where you will mount it to connect the external sensorsdevices and test the connections before logging begins
1 Connect the logger and open the Launch window To connect the logger to a computer plug the small end of the USB cable into the side of the logger and the large end into a USB port on the computer Click the Launch icon on the HOBOware toolbar or select Launch from the Device menu
Important USB specifications do not guarantee operation outside this range of 0degC (32degF) to 50degC (122degF)
2 Select Sensor Type Each of the input channels can be configured to log the following
bull Pulse This records the number of pulse signals per logging interval (the logger records a pulse signal when the input transitions to the logic low) There are built-in scaling factors you can select for supported devices and sensors or you can set your own scaling when you select raw pulse counts You can also adjust the maximum pulse frequency and lockout time as necessary
bull State This records how long an event lasts by storing the date and time when the state of the signal or switch changes (logic state high to low or low to high) The logger checks every second for a state change but will only record a time-stamped value when the state change occurs One state change to the next represents the event duration
bull Event This records the date and time when a connected relay switch or logic low transition occurs (the logger records an event when the input transitions to the logic low) This is useful if you need to know when an event occurred but do not need to know the duration of the event You can also adjust the lockout time to debounce switches
bull Runtime This records the number of state changes that happen over a period of time The logger checks the state of the line once a second At the end of each logging
LEDs StartStop Button
USB Port
Inputs
One of Four Terminal Blocks Test Button Mounting Holes
HOBO 4-Channel Pulse Input Data Logger Manual
1-800-LOGGERS 3 wwwonsetcompcom
interval the logger records how many seconds the line was in the logic low state
3 Choose the logging interval from 1 second to a maximum of 18 hours 12 minutes and 15 seconds (available for Pulse or Runtime logging only)
4 Choose when to start logging
bull Now Logging begins immediately
bull At Interval Logging will begin at the next even interval
bull Push Button Logging will begin once you press the StartStop logging button for 3 seconds
bull On DateTime Logging will begin at a date and time you specify
5 Choose when to stop logging
bull When Memory Fills Logging will end once the logger memory is full
bull Never (wrapping) The logger will record data indefinitely with newest data overwriting the oldest
bull Push Button Logging will end once you press the StartStop logging button for 3 seconds Note If you also configured a Push Button start then you must wait 5 minutes after logging begins before you can use the button to stop logging
bull Specific Stop Date Logging will end at a date and time you specify
6 Select any other logging options as desired and finish the launch configuration Depending on the start type verify that the logging or waiting LED is blinking
Connecting Sensors Transducers or Instruments to the Logger You can connect the logger to an external sensing device using the four input channels To connect a device to the logger
1 Follow the instructions and wiring diagrams in the user manual for the device
2 Connect the device to the terminal block as directed in the device instructions
3 Plug in the terminal block into one of the four inputs (labeled 1 through 4)
4 Press the Test button as needed to activate the Activity LEDs and check whether the logger reads the pulse signal
5 Configure logger launch settings if you have not already
Notes
bull Be sure that all devices are connected before logging begins Any sensorsdevices attached after logging begins will not record accurate data
bull If connecting an E50B2 Energy amp Power Meter (T-VER-E50B2) you have the option to use the default meter settings or your own custom settings
bull If any channels have been configured to record raw pulse counts or events in HOBOware there is also an option to specify lockout time This can prevent false readings from mechanical contactclosure bouncing For more information on setting lockout time see the HOBOware Help
Determining Logging Duration for EventState Data The loggerrsquos storage capacity and logging duration varies depending on several factors including logging interval number of channels configured and the type of data being recorded This table estimates the logging duration based on recording event or state changes on one input channel with logging set to stop when the memory is full To estimate logging duration for multiple event or state channels divide the logging duration by the number of active channels If you want to know exactly how long the logger will run use pulse or runtime modes
Time Between Events
Approximate Total Data Points
Approximate Logging Duration (1 Year Battery Life)
Logger Part Number
1 to 15 seconds
346795 4 to 60 days UX120-017
2749781 32 days to 13 years UX120-017M
16 seconds to 42 minutes
260096 48 days to 21 years UX120-017
2062336 1 to 166 years UX120-017M
43 to 682 minutes
208077 16 to 27 years UX120-017
1649869 13 to 214 years UX120-017M
683 minutes to 182 hours
173397 225 to 360 years UX120-017
1374891 178 to 285 decades UX120-017M
Notes
bull Typical battery life is 1 year
bull The logger can record battery voltage data in an additional channel This is disabled by default Recording battery voltage reduces storage capacity and is generally not used except for troubleshooting
Setting Maximum Pulse Frequency When recording raw pulse counts the logger dynamically adjusts its memory usage from 4 to 32 bits instead of a typical fixed width This results in the ability to store more data using less space which in turn extends logging duration The default pulse rate is 120 Hz which is also the maximum You can adjust this rate in HOBOware (see the HOBOware Help for details) Decreasing the rate will increase logging duration The following table shows examples of how pulse rate and logging interval affect logging duration
Logging Interval
Pulse Rate (Hz)
Number of Bits Required
Approximate Total Data Points
Approximate Logging Duration
1 minute 4 8 520192 361 days
1 minute 50 12 346795 240 days
1 minute 120 16 260096 180 days
Reading Out the Logger There are two options for reading out the logger connect it to the computer with a USB cable and read out it with HOBOware or connect it to a HOBO U-Shuttle (U-DT-1 firmware version 114m030 or higher) and then offload the datafiles from the
HOBO 4-Channel Pulse Input Data Logger Manual
1-800-LOGGERS (564-4377) bull 508-759-9500 wwwonsetcompcom bull loggerhelponsetcompcom
copy 2011ndash2013 Onset Computer Corporation All rights reserved Onset HOBO and HOBOware are trademarks or registered trademarks of Onset Computer Corporation All other trademarks are the property of their respective companies
14638-E
U-Shuttle to HOBOware Refer to the HOBOware Help for more details
Recording Internal Logger Events The logger records several internal events to help track logger operation and status These events which are unrelated to state and event logging include the following
Internal Event Name Definition
Host Connected The logger was connected to the computer
Started The StartStop button was pressed to begin logging
Stopped The logger received a command to stop recording data (from HOBOware or by pushing the StartStop button)
Button UpButton Down
The StartStop button was pressed for 1 second
Safe Shutdown The battery level is 18 V the logger shut down
Mounting the Logger There are three ways to mount the logger using the materials included
bull Screw the logger to a surface with a Phillips-head screwdriver and the four mounting screws using the following dimensions
bull Attach the two magnets to the back of the logger and
then place the logger on a magnetic surface
bull Use the hook-and-loop tape to affix the logger to a surface
Protecting the Logger The logger is designed for indoor use and can be permanently damaged by corrosion if it gets wet Protect it from condensation If it gets wet remove the battery immediately and dry the circuit board It is possible to dry the logger with a hair dryer before reinstalling the battery Do not let the board get too hot You should be able to comfortably hold the board in your hand while drying it
Note Static electricity may cause the logger to stop logging The logger has been tested to 4 KV but avoid electrostatic
discharge by grounding yourself to protect the logger For more information search for ldquostatic dischargerdquo in the FAQ section on onsetcompcom
Battery Information The logger is shipped with two AA alkaline batteries You can also use 15 V AA lithium batteries when deploying the logger in cold environments Expected battery life varies based on the temperature where the logger is deployed and the frequency (the logging interval and the rate of state changes andor events) at which the logger is recording data A new battery typically lasts one year with logging intervals greater than one minute and when the input signals are normally open or in the high logic state Deployments in extremely cold or hot temperatures logging intervals faster than one minute or continuously closed contacts may reduce battery life The logger can also be powered through the USB cable connected to the computer This allows you to read out the logger when the remaining battery voltage is too low for it to continue logging Connect the logger to the computer click the Readout button on the toolbar and save the data as prompted Replace the batteries before launching the logger again To replace the batteries
1 Disconnect the logger from the computer
2 Unscrew the logger case using a Philips-head screwdriver
3 Carefully remove the two batteries
4 Insert two new AA batteries (alkaline or lithium) observing polarity When batteries are inserted correctly all LEDs blink briefly
5 Carefully realign the logger case and re-fasten the screws
WARNING Do not cut open incinerate heat above 85degC (185degF) or recharge the lithium batteries The batteries may explode if the logger is exposed to extreme heat or conditions that could damage or destroy the battery cases Do not dispose of the logger or batteries in fire Do not expose the contents of the batteries to water Dispose of the batteries according to local regulations for lithium batteries
HOBOware provides the option of recording the current battery voltage at each logging interval which is disabled by default Recording battery life at each logging interval takes up memory and therefore reduces logging duration It is recommended you only record battery voltage for diagnostic purposes
457 cm (18 inches)
1016 cm (4 inches)
The Bertreg 110 M
Plug Load Management with Measurement
If yoursquore like most facility managers you suspect that there are large potential savings from plug based loads Unfortunately you lack an easy way to document actual energy usage and savings The Bertreg Plug Load Management System with measurement‐enabled Bertreg 110M units is a brilliant solution
Measure energy use with Bertrsquos real‐time measurement features
Analyze energy use establishing optimal schedules and documenting savings
Control plug based devices throughout your facility
The Plug Load Problem
Studies show that plug based load is a large and growing source of energy use‐ estimated at 20 of energy use for offices and 25 of electricity for schools Yet many schools offices and retail locations are closed for nearly as many hours per year as they are open Bertreg provides the simple sophisticated tools to turn equipment on when buildings are occupied and off when theyrsquore not
How Bertreg Works
Each Bertreg contains a microprocessor that can communicate with the Bertbrain 1000 control software across your wireless network Bertreg can store 7‐day onoff schedules with multiple onoff commands each day This allows you to set schedules that mirror the actual operating hours of your facility and easily modify schedules throughout the year
Measure Analyze and Control
The Bertreg 110M features an energy
measurement chip that monitors the amount of
power flowing through the plug and reports this
information back to the Bertbrain 1000M
software program The measurement feature
allows you to know the actual energy
consumption of your equipment as used in your
facility rather than rely on estimates from
manufacturer spec sheets or industry studies
Load Shedding
Many utilities offer demand management or load shedding programs While you may already
have programs to reduce larger centralized loads such as air conditioning you never had a cost
effective way to add smaller distributed loads until now The Bertreg plug load management
systems makes controlling distributed loads both simple and cost effective Just hook your
water heaters air conditioners and vending machines up to Bert Using our Bertbrain
application you can set up a load shedding group and schedule Now when you have a load
shedding event with the click of a mouse you can easily turn off some or all of your plug load
devices Schedules can be created by groups of devices or type of building you can even cycle
specific buildings or devices for a preset time
ASHRAE 901 and California Title 24 Code Compliance
Since Bertreg provides both measurement and control capabilities in one system the Bertreg Plug
Load Management System helps commercial buildings comply with changes in the CA Title 24
2013 and the ASHRAE 901 2010 and 2013 Energy Codes Did you know the 2010 ASHRAE Code
requires Automatic Receptacle Control for 50 of a buildings receptacles The 2013 ASHRAE
Code requires Electrical Energy Monitoring meaning the receptacle circuits power must be
recorded at least every 15 minutes and reported hourly daily and monthly Similar
requirements are also included in the California Title 24 2013 section titled Electrical Power
Distribution Systems Not only do these code changes apply to new buildings and additions
but alterations to existing buildings such as changing 10 or your lighting load Whether you
are trying to control individual outlets with the Bertreg Smart Plugs or entire circuits with the
Bertreg Inline Series Bert makes ASHRAE 901 and CA Title 24 code compliance both affordable
and efficient
The Bertreg Advantage
Bertreg has many advantages over products such as timers or occupancy sensors Most timers
only hold a single schedule Bertreg can use multiple onoff times that will accurately reflect your
facilityrsquos true operational hours When holidays or summer breaks dictate schedule changes
new schedules are sent to Bertreg with the click of a mouse Since Bertreg is on your network Bertreg
does not have to be reset manually like timers after a power outage Occupancy sensors may
turn vending machines on when your building is unoccupied Your drinks donrsquot need to be
chilled when the cleaning crew or security guard walks by your vending machine at night
Thanks to the simple mass remote control with Bertreg your plug loads can easily be part of a
load shedding or demand curtailment program
The Bertreg Plug Load Management System
The Bertreg Plug Load Management System consists of the Bertbrain 1000 software application
your Wi‐Fi network and a virtually unlimited number of Bertsreg By simply plugging water
coolers coffee machines printers copiers etc into the Bertreg Smart Plug Series (Bertreg 110
Bertreg 110M and Bertreg Vend) or wiring circuits with the Bertreg Inline Series (Bertreg 110I Bertreg
110IR and Bertreg 220I) you can remotely measure analyze and control all of your receptacles
and circuits Bertreg runs on the existing Wi‐Fi network so all devices can be remotely controlled
in mass Each building can have a unique schedule thus turning equipment off during nights
weekends and holidays when buildings are unoccupied The Bertreg Plug Load Management
System installs quickly so energy savings are immediate and payback is 1 to 2 years
Learn more about how K‐12 schools colleges offices hospitals statelocal governments and
retailers are managing plug load with the Bertreg Plug Load Management System by visiting
httpwwwbertbraincom
Measure ‐ Analyze ‐ Control
Best Energy Reduction Technologies 840 First Avenue King of Prussia PA 19406 484‐690‐3820
Bertreg 110M Specifications (CONFIDENTIAL ndash Property of Best Energy Reduction Technologies LLC)
BERT110M_Specs 10-3-13 copy2013 Best Energy Reduction Technologies LLC
Feature Description
Dimensions 35rdquo W x 35rdquo H x 20rdquo D Weight 42 oz Operating Voltage 110 Volts Max Load Current Up to 15A Load Outlets 1 Load Plug Orientation In line with outlet
Push Button Hold 6 Seconds Turns ON Relay Hold 15 Seconds for Ad-Hoc Mode
Measurement Accuracy 5 up to 15 Amps Measurement Display Amps Volts and Watts Every 16 Seconds
Measurement Storage Up to 14 Days on the Unit Up to 3 Years in the Database
Measurement Reporting Hourly Daily Weekly Monthly and Yearly Operating Environment Indoor use
HardwareSoftware 1-Windows PC with Wireless 2-Windows 7 8 or Vista
Communication 80211(Wi-Fi) bg Compatible Protocol UDP Security 80211(WPAWPA2-PSK) (WEP 128) Certifications UL 916 ROHS FCC
PGampErsquos Emerging Technologies Program ET13PGE1063
APPENDIX D ndash ENERGY USE MONITORING RESULTS
All High-Efficacy Lighting Design for the Residential Sector Appendix D Monitored Energy Use Results
Wathen Castanos 1622
Daily load profiles for the lighting loads at the Wathen Castanos 1622 demonstration home are provided below In addition cumulative results over the course of the monitoring period are included Gaps in data are due to network errors Days with missing data were dropped from the analysis resulting in 157 days of monitored energy use spanning November 19 2014 to May 25 2015
The lighting energy use averages 300 kWh per day Extrapolating this average for an assumed usage of 365 days per year results in a calculated annual energy use of 1096 kWh
Figure 1 Total Energy Use for Wathen Castanos 1622 Demonstration Home
000
050
100
150
200
250
300
350
400
450
500
111
920
1411
24
2014
112
920
1412
42
014
129
201
412
27
2014
11
2015
16
2015
111
201
51
162
015
128
201
52
220
152
720
152
122
015
217
201
52
222
015
227
201
53
420
153
920
153
142
015
319
201
53
242
015
329
201
54
320
154
820
154
132
015
418
201
54
232
015
428
201
55
320
155
820
155
132
015
518
201
55
232
015
Daily Lighting Energy Use (kWh)
Figure 2 Weekly Energy Use for Wathen Castanos 1622 Demonstration Home
Figure 3 Energy Use for Mondays
Figure 4 Energy Use of Tuesdays
Figure 5 Energy Use of Wednesdays
Figure 6 Energy Use of Thursdays
Figure 7 Energy Use of Fridays
Figure 8 Energy Use of Saturdays
Figure 9 Energy Use of Sundays
Figure 10 Daily Energy Use over Monitoring Period
NorthWest Homes 2205
Daily lighting load profiles at the NorthWest Homes 2205 demonstration home are provided below In addition cumulative results over the course of the monitoring period are included for the 176 days monitored spanning October 29 2014 to April 20 2015
The lighting energy use averages 124 kWh per day Extrapolating this average for an assumed usage of 365 days per year results in a calculated annual energy use of 4509 kWh
Figure 11 Total Energy Use for NorthWest Homes 2205 Demonstration Home
000
050
100
150
200
250
102
920
1411
32
014
118
201
411
13
2014
111
820
1411
23
2014
112
820
1412
32
014
128
201
412
13
2014
121
820
1412
23
2014
122
820
141
220
151
720
151
122
015
117
201
51
222
015
127
201
52
120
152
620
152
112
015
216
201
52
212
015
226
201
53
320
153
820
153
132
015
318
201
53
232
015
328
201
54
220
154
720
154
122
015
417
201
5
Daily Lighting Energy Use (kWh)
Figure 12 Weekly Cumulative Energy Use for NorthWest Homes 2205 Demonstration Home
Figure 13 Energy Use for Mondays
Figure 14 Energy Use of Tuesdays
Figure 15 Energy Use of Wednesdays
Figure 16 Energy Use of Thursdays
Figure 17 Energy Use of Fridays
Figure 18 Energy Use of Saturdays
Figure 19 Energy Use of Sundays
Figure 20 Energy Use per Day over Monitoring Period Duration
Meritage Homes 3085
Daily load profiles for the ceiling fan and lighting loads at the Meritage 3085 demonstration home are provided below During post-data collection one receptacle was identified as being on the lighting circuit This is included in the 75 days of monitored energy use below spanning January 31 2015 to April 15 2015
The monitored energy use averages 356 kWh per day Extrapolating this average for an assumed usage of 365 days per year results in a calculated annual lighting related energy use of 1300 kWh
Figure 21 Total Energy Use for Meritage 3085 Demonstration Home
0
1
2
3
4
5
6
Daily Lighting Energy Use (kWh)
Figure 22 Weekly Cumulative Energy Use for Meritage 3085 Demonstration Home
Figure 23 Energy Use for Mondays
Figure 24 Energy Use of Tuesdays
Figure 25 Energy Use of Wednesdays
Figure 26 Energy Use of Thursdays
Figure 27 Energy Use of Fridays
Figure 28 Energy Use of Saturdays
Figure 29 Energy Use of Sundays
Figure 30 Energy Use per Day over Monitoring Period Duration
PGampErsquos Emerging Technologies Program ET13PGE1063
ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS Pacific Gas and Electric Companyrsquos Emerging Technologies Program is responsible for this project It was developed as part of Pacific Gas and Electric Companyrsquos Emerging Technology ndash Technology Assessment program under internal project number ET13PGE1063 The University of California Davis ndash California Lighting Technology Center conducted this technology evaluation for Pacific Gas and Electric Company with overall guidance and management from Stu Tartaglia For more information on this project contact set2pgecom
LEGAL NOTICE This report was prepared for Pacific Gas and Electric Company for use by its employees and agents Neither Pacific Gas and Electric Company nor any of its employees and agents
(1) makes any written or oral warranty expressed or implied including but not limited to those concerning merchantability or fitness for a particular purpose
(2) assumes any legal liability or responsibility for the accuracy completeness or usefulness of any information apparatus product process method or policy contained herein or
(3) represents that its use would not infringe any privately owned rights including but not limited to patents trademarks or copyrights
i
PGampErsquos Emerging Technologies Program ET13PGE1063
ABBREVIATIONS AND ACRONYMS
AGi32 Lighting Design Software by Lighting Analysts
AHE All High-Efficacy
CAHP California Advanced Home Program
CCT Correlated Color Temperature
CRI Color Rendering Index
Commission California Energy Commission
DEG Davis Energy Group
IES Illuminating Engineering Society
LED Light-Emitting Diode
Title 24 California Building Energy Efficiency Standards
PGampE Pacific Gas and Electric Company
Wsf Watts per square foot
ii
PGampErsquos Emerging Technologies Program ET13PGE1063
FIGURES Figure 1 Typical First Floor Electrical Plan of a Two-Story Home 14
Figure 2 Typical Second Floor Electrical Plan of a Two-Story Home 15
Figure 3 Typical Electrical Plan of a One-Story Home 16
Figure 4 Residential Kitchen Rendering with All High-Efficacy Lighting 17
Figure 5 Residential Living and Dining Room Rendering with All High-Efficacy Lighting 18
Figure 6 Multi-Family Home Building Plan 18
Figure 7 Installation Schematic of Energy Logging Equipment 21
Figure 8 Wathen Castanos Single-Family Home Floor plan 1622 24
Figure 9 NorthWest Single-Family home Floor plan 2205 26
Figure 10 Meritage First Floor Single-Family Home Floor plan 3085 28
Figure 11 Meritage Second Floor Single-Family Home Floor plan 3085 29
Figure 12 Heritage Commons Multi-Family Home Building Plan 31
Figure 13 AHE Lighting System Installation in Kitchen 33
Figure 14 AHE Lighting System Installation in Living Room 34
Figure 15 AHE Lighting System Installation in Bathroom 35
Figure 16 Total Daily Energy Use for Wathen Castanos 1622 Demonstration Home 48
Figure 17 Weekly Energy Use for Wathen Castanos 1622 Demonstration Home 48
Figure 18 Energy Use Per Day over Monitoring Period Duration 49
Figure 19 Total Energy Use for NorthWest Homes 2205 Demonstration Home 50
Figure 20 Weekly Cumulative Energy Use for NorthWest Homes 2205 Demonstration Home 51
Figure 21 Energy Use Per Day over Monitoring Period Duration 52
Figure 22 Total Energy Use for Meritage 3085 Demonstration Home 53
Figure 23 Weekly Cumulative Energy Use for Meritage 3085 Demonstration Home 54
Figure 24 Energy Use Per Day over Monitoring Period Duration 55
iii
PGampErsquos Emerging Technologies Program ET13PGE1063
TABLES Table 1 Summary Lighting Energy Use of AHE Lighting Systems 2
Table 2 High-efficacy and Low-efficacy Lamps and LuminairesError Bookmark not defined
Table 3 Minimum luminaire efficacy for high-efficacy complianceError Bookmark not defined
Table 4 Residential lighting use by socket percentageError Bookmark not defined
Table 5 Single Family Home AHE Lighting Design 9
Table 6 Multi- Family Home AHE Lighting Design 10
Table 7 Lighting for Residences per IES Handbook 10th Edition 13
Table 8 Photometric Performance Characterization 19
Table 9 Specified Monitoring Equipment 20
Table 10 Wathen Castanos 1622 AHE Lighting Design and Load Reduction over 2008 Title 24 Compliant Design 25
Table 11 NorthWest Homes 2205 AHE Lighting Design and Load Reduction over 2008 Title 24 Compliant Design 27
Table 12 Meritage 3085 AHE Lighting Design and Load Reduction over 2008 Title 24 Compliant Design 30
Table 13 Multi- Family Home AHE Lighting Design and Load Reduction over 2008 Title 24 Compliant Design 32
Table 14 Wathen Castanos 1622 AHE Light Source Cost Information 36
Table 15 NorthWest Homes 2205 AHE Light Source Cost Information 37
Table 16 Meritage 3085 AHE Light Source Cost Information 38
Table 17 Wathen Castanos 1622 Measured Illuminance 46
Table 18 Summary of Calculated and Measured Lighting Energy Use 47
iv
PGampErsquos Emerging Technologies Program ET13PGE1063
CONTENTS ABBREVIATIONS AND ACRONYMS ___________________ ERROR BOOKMARK NOT DEFINED FIGURES ______________________________________ ERROR BOOKMARK NOT DEFINED TABLES _______________________________________ ERROR BOOKMARK NOT DEFINED CONTENTS ____________________________________ ERROR BOOKMARK NOT DEFINED EXECUTIVE SUMMARY ____________________________ ERROR BOOKMARK NOT DEFINED INTRODUCTION __________________________________________________________ 3 BACKGROUND __________________________________________________________ 3 CURRENT BUILDING CODE _________________________________________________ 3 INSTALLED RESIDENTIAL LIGHTING ____________________________________________ 5 CURRENT LIGHTING DESIGN PRACTICES _______________________________________ 6 LIGHTING MARKET SURVEY _________________________________________________ 8 EMERGING PRODUCT _____________________________________________________ 8 TECHNOLOGY ASSESSMENT ________________________________________________ 11 TECHNICAL APPROACH __________________________________________________ 11 MARKET SURVEY ________________________________________________________ 11 SITE SELECTION _________________________________________________________ 12 LIGHTING DESIGN _______________________________________________________ 12 LIGHTING SYSTEM INSTALLATION ____________________________________________ 19 SYSTEM MONITORING ____________________________________________________ 19 PHOTOMETRIC PERFORMANCE _____________________________________________ 19 BUILDER AND HOMEOWNER SURVEY _________________________________________ 20 ENERGY MONITORING ___________________________________________________ 20 DATA PROCESSING AND ANALYSIS __________________________________________ 21 DATA PROCESSING ______________________________________________________ 21 DATA ANALYSIS ________________________________________________________ 22 RESULTS_______________________________________________________________ 23 MARKET SURVEY ________________________________________________________ 23
v
PGampErsquos Emerging Technologies Program ET13PGE1063
LIGHTING DESIGN _______________________________________________________ 23 LIGHTING SYSTEM INSTALLATION ____________________________________________ 32 SYSTEM PERFORMANCE EVALUATION ________________________________________ 39 SURVEY RESPONSES______________________________________________________ 39 SYSTEM MONITORING RESULTS _____________________________________________ 44 RECOMMENDATIONS ____________________________________________________ 55 APPENDIX A ndash SURVEY QUESTIONS __________________________________________ 56 APPENDIX B ndash AHE COMPLIANT PRODUCTS ___________________________________ 59 APPENDIX C ndash MEASUREMENT AND DATA COLLECTION EQUIPMENT SPECIFICATIONS ____ 67 APPENDIX D ndash ENERGY USE MONITORING RESULTS _____________________________ 127
vi
PGampErsquos Emerging Technologies Program ET13PGE1063
EXECUTIVE SUMMARY Current Title 24 Building code requirements call for use of high-efficacy lighting in a limited number of residential space types Builders are allowed to install low efficacy lighting if they also install dimming controls However significant load reduction and energy savings over current code-compliant designs can be achieved through the use of All High-Efficacy (AHE) lighting design practices Currently AHE lighting design practice utilizes application appropriate controls paired with high-quality dimmable light emitting diode (LED) luminaires or GU-24 socketed fixtures paired with GU-24 base LED replacement lamps By current code definition GU-24 base lamps are the only replacement lamps considered high-efficacy while traditional Edison screw-base sockets are considered low-efficacy In addition to limiting the source type to LED only AHE lighting requires a minimum quality standard for interior LED sources requiring a CRI rating of at least 90 and a CCT between 2700 K and 4000 K
PROJECT GOAL This effort identifies best practices for developing a cost-effective AHE residential lighting measure through the evaluation of emerging residential lighting design practices purchasing processes installation practices and the end-user experience associated with AHE lighting To identify the best practices the project team considered current residential lighting products the installed socket base in a typical home industry accepted illuminance recommendations for residential applications and current energy efficiency code compliant design practices
PROJECT DESCRIPTION Emerging residential lighting design practices purchasing processes installation practices and the end-user experience of an AHE lighting system were evaluated through energy monitoring analysis and cost information collected from multiple residential demonstration sites Demonstration data provided a quantitative understanding of the AHE lighting system benefits and barriers and through builder and homeowner surveys a qualitative understanding of the AHE residential lighting measure and user satisfaction
PROJECT RESULTS The California Lighting Technology Center (CLTC) worked with residential home builders to modify their existing lighting designs to include all AHE lighting Based on these lighting designs the estimated residential lighting load reduction achieved by installing AHE lighting packages in new single- and multi-family homes located in PGampE territory is 0 - 61 in comparison to 2008 Title 24 compliant lighting packages provided by participating builders for the same floor plan This ET study started prior to the effective date of the 2013 Title 24 code cycle so this comparison was based on the 2008 Title 24 code In 2010 an average US residence used 1556 kWh annually for lighting with a typical lighting power density of 10 to 14 Watts per square foot A summary of energy use data collected from demonstration sites with AHE lighting systems is provided in Table 1
1
PGampErsquos Emerging Technologies Program ET13PGE1063
TABLE 1 SUMMARY LIGHTING ENERGY USE OF AHE LIGHTING SYSTEMS
Site Livable Square
Footage
Lighting Schedule
Calculated Peak Load (kW)
Measured Peak Lighting Load
(kW)
Lighting Power Density
(LPD)
Calculated Annual Lighting Energy Use
(kWh)
Wathen Castanos 1622 059 046 028 10960
North West Homes 2205 071 062 028 4509
Meritage Homes 3085 112 111 036 13004
The material costs of AHE lighting systems compared to current code compliant lighting systems varied based on residential applications For example the cost of an integrated downlight with housing and trim ring that meets the AHE lighting definition is approximately $36 per unit as compared to the estimated baseline cost of $70 for a compact fluorescent lamp ballast housing and trim ring Both scenarios require equivalent installation costs In addition the cost of AHE lighting components reduced over the course of this project with integrated LED downlights that meet the AHE lighting definition ranging in price from $25 to $50 and LED replacement lamps that meet the AHE lighting definition ranging from $7 to $25 as of the time of this report Builder and homeowner survey results were collected from all three demonstration sites Builder survey results make clear that cost and code requirements are the primary drivers considered during the lighting design process Builder responses note that utility rebate and incentive programs are influential in the lighting design decision making process but less so than Title 24 requirements Compared to other building systems most builders reported lighting as having less than 1 impact on the overall home budget Builders do not anticipate issues regarding end-user adoption of dedicated LED luminaires based on their ldquohigh quality performance and longevity claimsrdquo but do make clear that it is ldquosomewhat difficultrdquo to find Title 24-compliant products for GU-24 integrated LED luminaires quick connect options and track lighting categories in todayrsquos market The majority of the homeowner survey results indicate that the AHE lighting system is either ldquobetterrdquo or ldquothe samerdquo as compared to the lighting in their previous home which was a mixture of linear fluorescent incandescent and compact fluorescent lighting technologies The majority of homeowners were ldquosatisfiedrdquo with the AHE lighting in the kitchen bathroom common living spaces bedrooms and dining room as compared to their previous home Steps were taken to update the lighting to address the ldquoextreme dissatisfactionrdquo with the garage lighting at one demonstration site
PROJECT RECOMMENDATIONS Over the duration of the project the project team identified product availability and cost barriers to the adoption of AHE lighting for residential applications Participating builders unanimously responsed that challenges for builders to be compliant with AHE lighting requirements include the economics associated with AHE lighting products and the limited availability of AHE lighting products that can be quickly purchased at a hardware store For the AHE lighting designs implemented in this study two of the three AHE lighting designs exceeded the typical lighting budget for the builders
2
PGampErsquos Emerging Technologies Program ET13PGE1063
Programmatic recommendations to overcome these barriers if enacted will help increase widespread adoption of AHE systems Lighting systems that comply with the AHE definition range in performance and cost These ranges are predominantly linked to the lighting systemrsquos electrical architecture affecting controls compatibility heat transfer and allowable installation locations system efficiency light quality light output and component cost With recent developments in LED technology and electrical architecture Edison-based replacement lamp performance has improved and cost has reduced dramatically
In addition to fixture integrated and GU-24 socket LED lighting solutions it is recommended that the AHE definition include lighting fixtures installed with Edison sockets and shipped with an Edison base source complying with the high-efficacy high-quality requirements If enacted the increased product availability and reduced cost of the Edison-based LED lamps meeting the high-efficacy high-quality requirements will help overcome barriers to the adoption of AHE lighting for residential applications
INTRODUCTION Current California building energy efficiency standards call for use of high-efficacy lighting in most residential space types however additional load reduction and energy savings can be achieved through the use of an All High-Efficacy (AHE) lighting design practice
Currently AHE lighting design practice utilizes application appropriate controls paired with dimmable high-quality high efficacy light emitting diode (LED) luminaires or high-quality high efficacy GU-24 fixtures paired with GU-24 base LED replacement lamps By current code definition GU-24 base lamps are the only replacement lamps considered high-efficacy while traditional Edison screw-base sockets are considered low-efficacy In addition to limiting the source type to LED only AHE lighting requires a minimum quality standard for interior LED sources requiring a CRI of at least 90 and a CCT between 2700 K and 4000 K Future cycles of standards are expected to continue to increase the requirements for high-efficacy lighting The California Energy Commission recently adopted a residential AHE lighting requirement for the 2016 Title 24 update on June 10 2015 In response to increased development and availability of residential AHE lighting products and their potential for energy savings and lighting quality improvement over current code-compliant lighting systems PGampE is interested in gathering data to inform future changes to building and appliance efficiency standards To achieve this goal verification of market availability lighting load reduction energy savings and system performance is needed to support the residential AHE lighting design practice
BACKGROUND CURRENT BUILDING CODE
The California Energy Commission (Commission) estimates its energy efficiency standards have saved Californians over $74 billion in electricity costs since they were first adopted in
3
PGampErsquos Emerging Technologies Program ET13PGE1063
1975 For homeowners energy efficiency helps ensure that a home is affordable to operate both now and in the future Californiarsquos efficiency standards increase the reliability and availability of electricity thus allowing our electrical system to operate in a more stable manner This benefits Californiarsquos economy as well as the health and well-being of all Californians The Commission adopted the 2013 Building Energy Efficiency Standards (Title 24) on May 31 2012 and the Building Standards Commission approved them for publication on January 11 2013 Applications for building permits submitted on or after July 1 2014 must adhere to the 2013 Title 24 language The 2013 Title 24 standards place a strong emphasis on high-efficacy lighting lighting controls and high performance fenestration products It is expected that future code cycles will continue this trend In order to be considered high-efficacy luminaires must be designed to operate with only energy-efficient light sources GU-24 base lamps are the only replacement lamps considered high-efficacy by definition traditional Edison screw-base sockets are considered low-efficacy Per 2013 Title 24 luminaires and lamps listed in Table 2 are considered either high-efficacy or low-efficacy regardless of measured performance
TABLE 2 HIGH-EFFICACY AND LOW-EFFICACY LAMPS AND LUMINAIRES
Low-efficacy High-efficacy
Mercury vapor lamps Pin-based linear fluorescent or CFLs with electronic ballasts
Line-voltage or low-voltage sockets compatible with any kind of incandescent lamps
Pulse-start metal halide lamps
High-efficacy lamps including screw-base CFLs and LED lamps installed in low-efficacy luminaires
High-pressure sodium lamps
Luminaires using LED light sources not certified to the Commission Induction lamps
Track lighting GU-24 sockets rated for CFLs or LED lamps Lighting systems that allow for conversion between high-efficacy and low-efficacy lighting without changing wiring or housing
Luminaires using LED light sources that have been certified to the Energy Commission
Luminaire housings rated by the manufacturer for use with only LED light engines
4
PGampErsquos Emerging Technologies Program ET13PGE1063
Permanently installed luminaires not included in Table 1 may only be considered high-efficacy if they meet the efficacy requirements of Table 3
TABLE 3 MINIMUM LUMINAIRE EFFICACY FOR HIGH-EFFICACY COMPLIANCE
Luminaire Power Rating Minimum Luminaire Efficacy 5 watts or less 30 lumens per watt
Over 5 watts to 15 watts 45 lumens per watt Over 15 watts to 40 watts 60 lumens per watt Over 40 watts 90 lumens per watt
In addition to increasing requirements for high-efficacy lighting in the home the 2013 Title 24 standards set a minimum quality standard for integral LED luminaires and LED light engines These quality standards can be found in the Joint Appendices (JA) Section 81 LED luminaires must have a CRI of at least 90 to be defined as high efficacy Indoor LED luminaires must have a CCT between 2700K and 4000K Outdoor LED luminaires may have any CCT rating between 2700 K and 5000 K
INSTALLED RESIDENTIAL LIGHTING As of 2010 there were a total of 113153000 residences in the United States2 In these residences 62 of lamps were incandescent 23 were CFLs 10 were linear fluorescent 4 were halogen and less than 1 was other luminaire types including LED replacement lamps and integrated LED luminaires3 About 90-95 of these luminaires are considered low-efficacy under 2013 Title 24 These homes used an average of 46 watts per lamp4 and had about 51 lamps per residence5 only 3 lamps per home incorporated dimming controls6 These lights operate for an average of 18 hours per day averaging 1556 kWh of electricity use a year and have a lighting power density between 10 and 14 watts per square foot of interior space7 There are still a very high number of incandescent lamps in use and most CFL lamps are equipped with screw bases and are considered low-efficacy by Title 24 as shown in Table 4
1 California Energy Commission 2013 Building Energy Efficiency Standards httpwwwenergycagovtitle242013standards 2 US DOE 2010 US Lighting Market Characterization pg 37 table 410 httpapps1eereenergygovbuildingspublicationspdfsssl2010-lmc-final-jan-2012pdf 3 US DOE 2010 US Lighting Market Characterization pg 39 table 412 httpapps1eereenergygovbuildingspublicationspdfsssl2010-lmc-final-jan-2012pdf 4 US DOE 2010 US Lighting Market Characterization pg 40 table 413 httpapps1eereenergygovbuildingspublicationspdfsssl2010-lmc-final-jan-2012pdf 5 US DOE 2010 US Lighting Market Characterization pg 42 table 415 httpapps1eereenergygovbuildingspublicationspdfsssl2010-lmc-final-jan-2012pdf 6 US DOE Residential Lighting End-Use Consumption Study pg 48 table 46 httpapps1eereenergygovbuildingspublicationspdfsssl2012_residential-lighting-studypdf 7 US DOE 2010 US Lighting Market Characterization pg 42 table 415 httpapps1eereenergygovbuildingspublicationspdfsssl2010-lmc-final-jan-2012pdf
5
PGampErsquos Emerging Technologies Program ET13PGE1063
TABLE 4 RESIDENTIAL LIGHTING USE BY SOCKET PERCENTAGE
Room Type Electricity
use per room (kWhyr)
Incandescent CFL Linear
Fluorescent Halogen Other
Total Sockets per Home ()8
Bathroom 242 74 20 3 2 1 18
LivingFamily Room 228 61 29 3 5 1 14
Bedroom 222 67 28 2 3 0 16
Kitchen 215 45 23 22 7 3 13
Exterior 214 59 24 2 14 2 11
Hall 111 72 22 2 4 1 8
Dining Room 105 81 15 1 3 0 6
Garage 69 35 13 51 1 0 5
Office 41 58 27 8 6 0 4
Closet 32 60 20 17 2 0 NA
Basement 28 40 30 28 1 0 NA
OtherUnknown 26 53 17 24 6 0 5
LaundryUtility Room 25 50 19 28 2 0 NA
Current estimates expect a 122 annual growth rate for the square footage of residences9 LEDs are expected to expand their market presence representing 25 of the installed base of lumen-hours by 2020 and 62 by 203010
While the 2013 Title 24 standards are a significant step toward the AHE lighting home there are still allowances for low-efficacy lighting solutions As a result traditional low-efficacy lighting technologies remain a viable option for builders despite rising market availability and performance of high-efficacy solutions Future cycles of Title 24 are expected to continue to increase the requirements for high-efficacy lighting potentially moving to an AHE lighting design
CURRENT LIGHTING DESIGN PRACTICES The project team surveyed residential builders lighting designers and electrical distributors with businesses in PGampE territory to assess the current and anticipated lighting design practices being implemented in residential new construction for the period from 2013 to 2016
Participants in the survey include James Benya of Benya Burnett Consultancy Pam Whitehead of Sage Architecture Katie Lesh of Lumenscom and Adele Chang of Lim Chang Rohling amp Associates The trends gathered in the survey are outlined below
8 Energy Star CFL Market Profile Page 23 Table 11 httpwwwenergystargoviaproductsdownloadsCFL_Market_Profile_2010pdf 9 Navigant Consulting Energy Savings Potential of Solid State Lighting in General Illumination Applications pg 6 httpapps1eereenergygovbuildingspublicationspdfssslssl_energy_savi_ntial_finalpdf 10 US DOE Energy Savings Potential of Solid State Lighting in General Illumination Applications pg 39 httpapps1eereenergygovbuildingspublicationspdfssslssl_energy-savings-report_jan-2012pdf
6
PGampErsquos Emerging Technologies Program ET13PGE1063
bull In most production style homes designers anticipate gradual change out from CFL to LED Today there is a mix of fluorescent and LED being installed as the LED price point is falling
bull Designers anticipate increasing market penetration for LEDs for segments of residential population focused on improved color rendition in interior and exterior applications
bull LED solutions are installed mostly in ambient interior lighting applications such as down lights under cabinet lighting and cove lighting
o High-end homes are more likely to specify four-inch aperture down lights o Built-in lighting fixtures such as down lights are also commonly found in
multi-tenant units as a space saving feature or as an upgrade in single family homes
bull LED solutions are also installed today in niche interior accent lighting such as handrails displays toe kicks
bull LED solutions are installed today in some outdoor applications such as tree up-lights bollards integrated step lights in-water lighting hardscape outlining and other niche lighting
bull LED solutions are trending towards color changing capabilities bull Lighting control systems are becoming prevalent in high-end housing with wireless
solutions allowing for more retrofit market penetration bull From distributorrsquos perspective LEDs are the top seller for todayrsquos residential market bull From the designerrsquos perspective LEDs rarely gets specified due to high price point
7
PGampErsquos Emerging Technologies Program ET13PGE1063
LIGHTING MARKET SURVEY The project team completed a product survey and review of current market information to determine the feasibility of implementing an AHE lighting design using existing AHE technologies The lighting fixtures included in this report are appropriate for various space types in the residential application as determined by lighting design principles to achieve application appropriate light levels A sample of lighting fixtures fulfilling the AHE definition (as of September 2014) are included in Appendix B Types of lighting fixtures included are ceiling-mounted recessed ceiling-mounted surface ceiling-mounted suspended wall mounted under cabinet and vanity
EMERGING PRODUCT The AHE lighting design practice utilizes application appropriate controls paired with dimmable light emitting diode (LED) fixtures or GU-24 socketed fixtures paired with GU-24 base LED replacement lamps By current code definition GU-24 base lamps are the only replacement lamps considered high-efficacy while traditional Edison screw-base sockets are considered low-efficacy In addition to limiting the source type to LED only AHE lighting requires a minimum quality standard for interior LED sources requiring a CRI of at least 90 and a CCT between 2700 K and 4000 K Based on floor plans provided by participating builders and results from the lighting product market survey the project team modeled AHE lighting designs to demonstrate the potential for an all AHE lighting design to meet lighting requirements and deliver energy savings as compared to current code-compliant lighting systems The project team conducted design charrettes for both single family (1870 square feet) and multi-family (605 square feet) homes The resulting AHE lighting packages are provided in Table 5 and Table 6 respectively These packages represent a sample of emerging products currently available to meet the AHE requirements
8
PGampErsquos Emerging Technologies Program ET13PGE1063
TABLE 5 SINGLE FAMILY HOME AHE LIGHTING DESIGN
Space Type AHE Fixture Fixture Load (W)
Quantity Total Load (W)
Kitchen Cree CR6 12 6 72
Under cabinet
Unilume 18 2 36
85 1 85
Nook Philips LED Chandelier 225 1 225
Pantry Cree CR6 12 1 12
Great Room Cree CR6 12 4 48
Entry Cree CR6 12 2 24
Hallways Cree CR6 12 3 36
Office Cree CR6 12 1 12
Bathroom 2 GU-24 Vanity with Illumis
Lamps 137 3 411
Water Closet Cree CR6 12 1 12
Bedroom 2 Cree CR6 12 2 24
Bedroom 3 Cree CR6 12 2 24
Coat Closet Cree CR6 12 1 12
Utility Room Cree CS14 38 1 38
Garage Cree CS14 38 1 38
Porch Cree CR6 12 6 72
Exterior Wall Sconce Borden 774 LED 14 4 56
Master Bedroom Cree CR6 12 4 48
Master Closet Cree CS14 38 1 38
Master Bathroom
GU-24 Vanity with Illumis
Lamps 137 3 411
Cree CR6 12 2 24
Water Closet Cree CR6 12 1 12
TOTAL 7512
9
PGampErsquos Emerging Technologies Program ET13PGE1063
TABLE 6 MULTI- FAMILY HOME AHE LIGHTING DESIGN
Space Type AHE Fixture
Fixture Load (W)
Fixture Quantity
Total Load (W)
Kitchen Cree CR6 12 4 48
Dining Philips Ledino Pendant
225 1 225
Entry Cree CR6 12 1 12
Bath GU-24 Vanity with Illumis
Lamps 137 3 411
Cree CR6 12 1 12
Exterior Wall Sconce Borden 774 14 1 14
TOTAL (W) 1496
10
PGampErsquos Emerging Technologies Program ET13PGE1063
TECHNOLOGY ASSESSMENT
The project team evaluated the residential lighting design purchasing process installation and end-user experience associated with AHE lighting systems through quantitative and qualitative analysis The technical approach employs the use of a product and market survey field deployments in PGampE territory and demonstration system performance evaluations Builder and homeowner end-user surveys provided a qualitative understanding of the AHE lighting measure and user satisfaction The quantitative evaluation included energy monitoring and cost information collection for AHE lighting systems installed at the residential demonstration sites In addition this report includes identified barriers and required next steps necessary for development of energy efficiency programs targeting residential lighting energy savings
TECHNICAL APPROACH This effort identifies best practices for developing a cost-effective AHE residential lighting measure through the evaluation of emerging residential lighting design practices purchasing processes installation practices and the end-user experience associated with AHE lighting The project team considered the following criteria to identify the best practices current residential lighting market offerings industry accepted illuminance recommendations for residential applications current energy efficiency code compliant design practices and installed sockets in the typical residential home The project team installed AHE lighting systems in three new homes where builder and homeowner feedback was gathered regarding the lighting The project team collected lighting system performance and energy use data
The project team conducted the technical approach to evaluate the AHE lighting system in six parts the confirmation of commercially available AHE lighting products through a market survey demonstration site selection development of AHE lighting designs for selected demonstration sites installation of AHE lighting systems at demonstration sites monitoring of AHE lighting system performance and the reduction and analysis of the collected performance data
MARKET SURVEY The project team implemented a survey to collect current market information regarding the feasibility of implementing an AHE lighting design with commercially available lighting products Steps were taken to review all publically available residential lighting manufacturer literature through dialogues with manufacturers about their current and future AHE lighting product offerings examination of manufacturer websites and discussions with distributors in PGampE territory The project team updated the fixture survey over the course
11
PGampErsquos Emerging Technologies Program ET13PGE1063
of this effort allowing for analysis of cost and performance trends of AHE lighting products A copy of the complete market survey is provided in the appendices
SITE SELECTION Davis Energy Group (DEG) identified residential builders in PGampE territory during the summer of 2013 DEG used the following methods to identify builder candidates and encourage participation webinar presentation of opportunity to PGampE California Advanced Home Program (CAHP) builders and other attendees leveraging DEGrsquos participation in LEED for Homes in California and DOE Building America to discuss participation with other member organizations and outreach activities with the builder utility and code compliance community Of the identified builders the project team prioritized those who were willing to install AHE lighting systems and participate in the associated installation survey experience The project team required participating builders to sell select AHE homes to homeowners willing to comply with up to one year of site monitoring and participation in a survey to evaluate their satisfaction with the AHE lighting system The project team incentivized builders who adhered to these criteria to install the AHE lighting systems Builders provided electrical plans to the project team to allow for the AHE lighting system design update At the time of the design builders submitted plans that adhered to 2008 Title 24 code requirements Residential builders that declined to participate in advanced measures including AHE lighting systems for their new construction homes cited varying reasons including concern that the systems would be a lsquodistractionrsquo no interest in new building methods and not being lsquokeen on utility programsrsquo One builder provided insight into the industry as of July 7 2013 saying ldquoUnderstand that the timing of this could not be worse for you with new home construction on the rebound ALL builders are stretched at the moment and labor and material shortages are starting to hit across the nation
LIGHTING DESIGN Using lighting design software (AGi32) to create a model of a two-story home the project team simulated AHE lighting system performance to confirm that it could provide application appropriate illumination levels The project team referenced the Illuminating Engineering Society (IES) recommended light levels for this work by space type per IES Handbook 10th Edition shown in Table 7 Wathen Castanos Hybrid Homes Inc a builder participant in this study provided the representative two-story floor plans shown in Figures 1 and 2 Figure 3 shows a typical floor plan for a one-story home also provided by Wathen Castanos Hybrid Homes Inc
12
PGampErsquos Emerging Technologies Program ET13PGE1063
TABLE 7 LIGHTING FOR RESIDENCES PER IES HANDBOOK 10TH EDITION
Application and Task
Horizontal Illuminance
Target (Avg fc)
Vertical Illuminance
Target (Avg fc)
Notes
Living Room 3 3 E_h floor
E_v 4AFF
Dining Room
Formal 5 2 E_h table plane E_v 4AFF
Informal 10 4 E_h table plane E_v 4AFF
Study Use 20 5 E_h table plane E_v 4AFF
Kitchen
Breakfast Area 20 5 E_h eating surfaces
E_v 4AFF
Cabinets - 5 E_v face of cabinets
Cooktops 30 5 E_h cooking surfaces
General 5 - E_h floor
Preparation Counters 50 75 E_h prep surfaces
Sinks 30 5 E_h top of sink
13
PGampErsquos Emerging Technologies Program ET13PGE1063
FIGURE 1 TYPICAL FIRST FLOOR ELECTRICAL PLAN OF A TWO-STORY HOME
14
PGampErsquos Emerging Technologies Program ET13PGE1063
FIGURE 2 TYPICAL SECOND FLOOR ELECTRICAL PLAN OF A TWO-STORY HOME
15
PGampErsquos Emerging Technologies Program ET13PGE1063
FIGURE 3 TYPICAL ELECTRICAL PLAN OF A ONE-STORY HOME
16
PGampErsquos Emerging Technologies Program ET13PGE1063
The project team modeled the AHE lighting design that best achieved recommended light levels fully for the living room dining room and kitchen Figure 4 and Figure 5 show renderings of the residential dwelling designed to light levels called out in Table 7 This design resulted in a lighting power density of 02 Watts per square foot (Wsf) for the living room 023 Wsf for the dining room and 050 Wsf for the kitchen
FIGURE 4 RESIDENTIAL KITCHEN RENDERING WITH ALL HIGH-EFFICACY LIGHTING
17
PGampErsquos Emerging Technologies Program ET13PGE1063
FIGURE 5 RESIDENTIAL LIVING AND DINING ROOM RENDERING WITH ALL HIGH-EFFICACY LIGHTING
The project team also evaluated the potential of an AHE design for a multi-family home The multi-family-home building plans provided by builder participants include specifications for dedicated socket types but did not specify source wattages A copy of this floor plan is provided in Figure 6
FIGURE 6 MULTI-FAMILY HOME BUILDING PLAN
18
PGampErsquos Emerging Technologies Program ET13PGE1063
LIGHTING SYSTEM INSTALLATION Participating builders installed site specific AHE lighting designs No issues were encountered during the installation of the AHE lighting designs Builders anecdotally reported that AHE lighting components are similar if not the same to install as legacy products The project team conducted site visits to verify correct operation of the lighting system and assess the electrical service architecture for use in finalizing the measurement and verification plan
SYSTEM MONITORING The project team collected data on the photometric performance energy consumption and builder and homeowner satisfaction with the AHE lighting systems The tools and methods employed to collect data are provided in the following sections Copies of builder and homeowner surveys are included in Appendix A of this report and the responses are provided in the results section
PHOTOMETRIC PERFORMANCE The project team characterized the photometric performance of the installed AHE lighting systems using recommended practices from the Illuminating Engineering Societyrsquos The Lighting Handbook Tenth Edition The Lighting for Residential Applications chapter references target residential applications and tasks with specific lighting requirements The project team collected illuminance data for the living room kitchen and dining room applications and compared it to recommended residential illuminance target values provided in Table 7 Equipment used to gather illuminance data is provided in Table 8
TABLE 8 PHOTOMETRIC PERFORMANCE CHARACTERIZATION
Measurement Manufacturer Model Image
Illuminance (footcandles fc) Konica Minolta T-10A
19
PGampErsquos Emerging Technologies Program ET13PGE1063
BUILDER AND HOMEOWNER SURVEY To capture builder and homeowner end-user experiences with the AHE lighting systems demonstrated in this project the project team developed survey tools to collect feedback in a rigorous manner The results of the surveys will be used to better understand barriers to market adoption of AHE lighting systems Copies of each survey are included in Appendix A
ENERGY MONITORING The project team specified metering equipment for installation at the participating demonstration homes to monitor lighting system energy use The accuracy of the circuit-level metering equipment meets the accuracy requirements of the ANSI C121 standard when used with Continental Control System current transformers rated for IEEE C5713 class 06 accuracy The project team determined that the receptacle loads and lighting loads are on the same circuit for two of the three demonstration homes To separate the lighting and receptacle loads the project team specified and installed receptacle-level monitoring equipment to allow for updated energy use monitoring in the amendment to this report The specified receptacle monitoring equipment has a rated accuracy of 5 when monitoring up to a 15 amp load Table 9 lists the equipment specified for use at the participating demonstration homes
TABLE 9 SPECIFIED MONITORING EQUIPMENT
Monitoring Equipment Type Model
AC Power Measurement Device WattNode RWNB-3Y-208-P
Current Transformers CCS CTL-1250
Data Logger HOBO UX120-017M
Receptacle Power Quality Recorder BERT Smart Plug 110M
The project team deployed the measurement and verification equipment at the demonstration homes as shown in Figure 7 to collect lighting energy use data in one minute intervals The project team deployed monitoring equipment at each receptacle that is on a circuit shared with lighting loads
20
PGampErsquos Emerging Technologies Program ET13PGE1063
FIGURE 7 INSTALLATION SCHEMATIC OF ENERGY LOGGING EQUIPMENT
DATA PROCESSING AND ANALYSIS The project team collected data at each demonstration site for an extended monitoring period determined for each demonstration site based on the occupancy date of the demonstration home The project team downloaded data intermittently to verify operation of equipment for processing and analysis
DATA PROCESSING To process the data the project team consolidated the raw data streams generated from the multiple lighting and receptacle data loggers into one master comma separated value (csv) file based on time stamp correlation The number of raw data streams varied from site to site based on the lighting and receptacle circuitry of each demonstration home
WATHEN CASTANOS 1622 Energy use data collected at the Wathen Castanos 1622 demonstration site consisted of one data stream of circuit level energy use at one minute resolution and 30 receptacle energy
21
PGampErsquos Emerging Technologies Program ET13PGE1063
use data streams at one hour resolution The project team binned circuit level energy use into hour resolution to allow for circuit and receptacle data to be analyzed together
NORTHWEST 2205 Energy use data collected at the NorthWest 2205 demonstration site consisted of one data stream of circuit level energy use at one minute resolution and 27 receptacle energy use data streams at one hour resolution The project team binned circuit level energy use into hour resolution to allow for circuit and receptacle data to be analyzed together
MERITAGE 3085 Energy use data collected at the Meritage 3085 demonstration site consisted of two data streams of circuit level energy use at one minute resolution The project team binned circuit level energy use into hour resolution to allow for direct comparison to the other demonstration homes
DATA ANALYSIS
WATHEN CASTANOS 1622 The project team collected lighting and receptacle energy use data for 177 days The project team identified plug load lighting by site walk confirmation and confirmed via data reduction of the receptacle energy monitoring data The project team applied one-time power factors (PF) measurements of the entertainment center appliances were applied to receptacle data streams to scale the load according to the appliance state (onoffstandby) Summed energy use resulting in negative energy use was is attributed to receptacle load energy use and negative values were zeroed to more accurately reflect actual energy use
NORTHWEST 2205 The project team collected lighting and receptacle energy use data for 176 days The project team identified plug load lighting by site walk and confirmed during data reduction of the receptacle energy monitoring data based on known light source wattages The project team determined data streams with one time load peaks of 300 Watts or greater to be outliers and dropped from the analysis The project team categorized peak loads of less than or equal to 70 Watts as lighting loads based on typical residential receptacle use Peak loads greater than 70 Watts were categorized as other loads The project team applied one-time power factors (PF) measurements of the entertainment center appliances to receptacle data streams to scale the load according to the appliance state (onoffstandby) Summed energy use resulting in negative energy use is attributed to receptacle load energy use Negative values were zeroed to more accurately reflect lighting energy use
MERITAGE 3085 The project team collected lighting and ceiling fan energy use data for 75 days Ceiling fan loads and one receptacle in the office were determined to be on the lighting circuit during the data reduction process and are included in the energy use analysis
22
PGampErsquos Emerging Technologies Program ET13PGE1063
RESULTS The project team evaluated AHE lighting systems for their capacity to reduce residential lighting loads provide residential energy savings and deliver application appropriate light levels This work included a market survey site selection lighting design lighting system installation monitoring of the system performance and data analysis
MARKET SURVEY To collect current lighting market information pertaining to the feasibility of implementing an AHE lighting design with commercially available lighting products the project team completed a review of all available residential lighting manufacturer literature This included dialogues with manufacturers about their current and future AHE lighting product offerings examination of manufacturer websites and discussions with distributors in PGampE territory The project team updated the results of the survey over the course of this effort allowing for cost and performance trend analysis of AHE lighting product offerings The AHE lighting product types included in this report are recessed downlight under cabinets wall-mount vanity surface ceiling-mount suspended ceiling-mount and wall-mount sconce light fixtures and are appropriate for residential applications as determined by lighting design illuminance level and uniformity requirements All fixtures fulfilling the AHE lighting system definition at the time of this report are included in the All High-Efficacy Lighting Design Guide provided in Appendix B
LIGHTING DESIGN Based on the lighting market survey results and each demonstration site building plan preliminary AHE lighting layouts were designed preliminary layouts were modeled to confirm that the design provides application appropriate illumination levels and the final iteration of the design was specified for installation in the demonstration sites The project team referenced the IES Handbook 10th Edition recommended light levels for this work by space type Referenced illumination levels are provided in Table 7 Three builders were selected to install AHE lighting designs Wathen Castanos NorthWest Homes and Meritage Homes Each participating builder provided a new construction single-family homes of varying square footage Wathen Castanos provided a single-family home building plan for their 1622 square foot floor plan shown in Figure 8
23
PGampErsquos Emerging Technologies Program ET13PGE1063
FIGURE 8 WATHEN CASTANOS SINGLE-FAMILY HOME FLOOR PLAN 1622
Table 10 contains the specified lighting design and calculated load reduction over the 2008-compliant lighting design the builder typically implemented at the time of this installation The specifications define dedicated sockets types but do not specify source wattages The project team specified possible low and high source wattages for socket types in the lsquooriginalrsquo lighting package in Table 10 In comparison to the 2008 Title 24 compliant design
24
PGampErsquos Emerging Technologies Program ET13PGE1063
the AHE lighting package resulted in a calculated load reduction of 35 to 59 for the one-story single-family home
TABLE 10 WATHEN CASTANOS 1622 AHE LIGHTING DESIGN AND LOAD REDUCTION OVER 2008 TITLE 24 COMPLIANT DESIGN
Space Type Non AHE fixture
type (builder original)
Low Load (W)
High Load (W)
Quantity
Low Load Total (W)
High Load Total (W)
AHE Fixture
AHE Load (W)
AHE Quantity
AHE Total Load (W)
Kitchen Fluorescent Downlight 13 26 6 78 156 Cree CR6 12 6 72
Dining Ceiling Fan
Incandescent Light Kit
40 60 4 160 240 Satco LED
Lamps 98 5 49
Cree CR6 12 2 24
Great Room Fluorescent
Surface Mount Fixture
13 26 1 13 26 Cree CR6 12 4 48
Master Bedroom
Ceiling Fan Incandescent
Light Kit 40 60 4 160 240 Cree CR6 12 4 48
Master Bathroom
Fluorescent Downlight 13 26 3 39 78 Cree CR6 12 3 36
Fluorescent
Vanity 26 52 2 52 104 Satco LED
Lamps 98 8 784
Master Closet
Linear Fluorescent
Fixture (4 lamp) 112 128 1 112 128 Cree
CS14 37 1 37
Bedroom (2) Fluorescent
Surface Mount Fixture
13 26 2 26 52 Cree CR6 12 2 24
Bedroom (3)Study
Fluorescent Surface Mount
Fixture 13 26 2 26 52 Cree CR6 12 2 24
Bathroom Fluorescent Downlight 13 26 2 26 26
Satco LED
Lamps 98 2 196
Fluorescent Vanity 13 26 3 39 78
Satco LED
Lamps 98 3 294
Laundry Fluorescent Downlight 13 26 1 13 26
Satco LED
Lamps 98 2 196
Garage Linear
Fluorescent Fixture (4 lamp)
112 128 1 112 128 Cree CS14 37 1 37
Entry Fluorescent
Surface Mount Fixture
13 26 2 26 52 Cree CR6 12 2 24
Hallway Fluorescent
Surface Mount Fixture
13 26 2 26 52 Cree CR6 12 2 24
TOTAL 908 1438 594
AHE Load Reduction 346 587
25
PGampErsquos Emerging Technologies Program ET13PGE1063
NorthWest Homes provided a single-story single-family home building plan using their 2205 square foot floor plan shown in Figure 9
FIGURE 9 NORTHWEST SINGLE-FAMILY HOME FLOOR PLAN 2205
Table 11 contains the specified lighting design and calculated load reduction over the 2008 compliant lighting design the builder typically implemented at the time of this installation The specifications define dedicated sockets types but do not specify source wattages The project team specified possible low and high source wattages for socket types in the lsquooriginalrsquo lighting package in Table 11 In comparison to the 2008 Title 24 compliant design the lighting package resulted in a calculated load reduction of 37 to 61 for the one-story single-family home
26
PGampErsquos Emerging Technologies Program ET13PGE1063
TABLE 11 NORTHWEST HOMES 2205 AHE LIGHTING DESIGN AND LOAD REDUCTION OVER 2008 TITLE 24 COMPLIANT DESIGN
Space Type
Non AHE fixture type
(builder original)
Low Load (W)
High Load (W)
Quantity
Low Load Total (W)
High Load Total (W)
AHE Fixture
AHE Load (W)
AHE Quantity
AHE Total Load (W)
Kitchen Can Fluorescent 13 26 6 78 156 Cree CR6 12 6 72
Nook Ceiling Light Incandescent 40 43 1 40 43 Cree CR6 12 1 12
Pantry Can Fluorescent 13 26 1 13 26 Cree CR6 12 1 12
Great Room Fan with Light 13 43 3 39 129 Cree CR6 12 4 48
Flush Incandescent 40 43 1 40 43 - - - -
Entry Ceiling Light Incandescent 40 43 2 80 86 Cree CR6 12 2 24
Hallways Flush Incandescent 40 43 3 120 129 Cree CR6 12 3 36
Office Ceiling Light Incandescent 40 43 1 40 43 Cree CR6 12 1 12
Bathroom 2
Wall mount Incandescent 40 43 2 80 86 Illumis
Lamps 411 1 411
Water Closet
Ceiling Light Incandescent 40 43 1 40 43 Cree CR6 12 1 12
Bedroom 2 Fan with Light 13 43 3 39 129 Cree CR6 12 2 24
Bedroom 3 Fan with Light 13 43 3 39 129 Cree CR6 12 2 24
Coat Closet
Can Fluorescent 13 26 1 13 26 Cree CR6 12 1 12
Utility Room
Ceiling Linear Fluorescent 28 32 1 28 32 Cree CR6 12 2 24
Garage Ceiling Linear Fluorescent 28 32 3 84 96 Cree
CS14 38 1 38
Porch Ceiling Light Fluorescent 13 26 6 78 156 Cree CR6 12 6 72
Exterior Wall mount Fluorescent 13 26 4 52 104 Illumis
Lamps 137 4 548 Wall Sconce Master
Bedroom Fan with Light 13 43 3 39 129 Cree CR6 12 4 48
Master Closet
Ceiling Linear Fluorescent 28 32 1 28 32 Cree CR6 12 2 24
Master Bathroom
Wall mount Incandescent 40 43 2 80 86 Illumis
Lamps 411 2 822
Ceiling Light Fluorescent 13 26 2 26 52 Cree CR6 12 2 24
Water Closet
Ceiling Light Incandescent 40 43 1 40 43 Cree CR6 12 1 12
TOTAL
1116 1798
7081
AHE Load Reduction 366 606
27
PGampErsquos Emerging Technologies Program ET13PGE1063
Meritage Homes provided a two-story single-family home building plan for their 3085 square foot floor plan shown in Figure 10 and Figure 11
FIGURE 10 MERITAGE FIRST FLOOR SINGLE-FAMILY HOME FLOOR PLAN 3085
28
PGampErsquos Emerging Technologies Program ET13PGE1063
FIGURE 11 MERITAGE SECOND FLOOR SINGLE-FAMILY HOME FLOOR PLAN 3085
Table 12 contains the specified AHE lighting design and calculated load reduction over the 2008 compliant lighting design the builder typically implemented at the time of this installation The specifications define dedicated sockets types but do not specify source wattages The project team specified possible low and high source wattages for socket types in the lsquooriginalrsquo lighting package in Table 12 In comparison to the 2008 Title 24 compliant design the AHE lighting package resulted in a calculated load reduction of 0 to 11 for the two-story single-family home
29
PGampErsquos Emerging Technologies Program ET13PGE1063
TABLE 12 MERITAGE 3085 AHE LIGHTING DESIGN AND LOAD REDUCTION OVER 2008 TITLE 24 COMPLIANT DESIGN
Space Type
Non AHE fixture type
(builder original)
Low Load (W)
High Load (W)
Quantity
Low Load Total (W)
High Load Total (W)
AHE Fixture AHE Source AHE
Fixture Load (W)
Quantity AHE Total Load (W)
Great Room FanDome 26 52 1 26 52 FanDome CREE CR6 12 4 48
Kitchen Fluorescent downlight 13 26 4 52 104 LED
Downlight Cree CR6 12 4 48
Fluorescent Undercabinet 19 37 2 38 74 - - - - -
Optional Pendant 13 26 2 26 52 LED
Pendant CREE TW 135 2 27
Closet 13 26 13 26 LED Dome Cree TW 135 2 27
Powder Room Vanity 26 52 1 26 52 Vanity CREE TW 135 2 27
Dining Fluorescent downlight 13 26 1 13 26 LED
Chandelier Illumis Lamp 137 5 685
Owners Entry Dome 13 26 1 13 26 Dome CREE TW 135 2 27
Pocket Office Fluorescent downlight 13 26 1 13 26 LED
Downlight Cree CR6 12 1 12
Nook Fluorescent downlight 13 26 1 13 26 LED
Downlight Cree CR6 12 2 24
Pantry Fluorescent downlight 13 26 1 13 26 LED
Downlight Cree CR6 12 2 24
Porch Recessed 13 26 1 13 26 Exterior Ceiling Cree CR6 12 2 24
Exterior lights Wall mount 13 26 1 13 26 Wall Mount Exterior Illumis Lamp 137 3 411
Garage 1x4 T8 Fixture 60 70 1 60 70 1x4 T8 Fixture CREE T8 44 2 88
Foyer Fluorescent downlight 13 26 1 13 26 LED
Downlight Cree CR6 12 2 24
Stairs Fluorescent downlight 13 26 1 13 26 LED
Downlight Cree CR6 12 2 24
Linen closet Fluorescent downlight 13 26 1 13 26 LED
Downlight Cree CR6 12 1 12
Bathroom Vanity 26 52 1 26 52 Vanity CREE TW 27 1 27
Hallway Fluorescent downlight 13 26 1 13 26
Integrated LED Downlight
Cree CR6 12 4 48
Laundry 1x4 T8 Fixture 60 70 1 60 70 1x4 T8 Fixture CREE T8 44 1 44
Attic E26 Socket 13 26 1 13 26 E26 socket CREE TW 135 1 135
Game room FanDome 52 104 1 52 104 FanDome CREE TW 54 1 54
Bath 2 Fluorescent downlight 13 26 1 13 26 LED
Downlight Cree TW 135 3 405
Bedrooms Dome 26 52 1 26 52 Dome Feit Candelabra 49 6 294
- - - - - - Dome Feit A-Lamp 10 3 30
Bedroom Walk in Closets Dome 13 26 1 13 26 Dome Cree TW 135 6 81
Master Bedroom FanDome 52 104 1 52 104 FanDome Feit Candelabra 49 4 196
Master Closet Dome 13 26 1 13 26 Dome Illumis 137 4 548
Master Bathroom Fluorescent downlight 13 26 1 13 26 LED
Downlight Cree CR6 12 1 12
LED Vanity Illumis 137 6 822
Cree TW 12 2 24
Bath 3 Fluorescent downlight 13 26 1 13 26 LED
Downlight Cree CR6 12 1 12
TOTAL (W)
678 1254
11176
AHE Load Reduction ()
- 11
30
PGampErsquos Emerging Technologies Program ET13PGE1063
The project team considered a multi-family home builder for inclusion in the program The provided building plan is shown in Figure 12 Table 13 contains the specified AHE lighting design and calculated load reduction over the 2008 compliant lighting design the builder typically implemented at the time of this installation In comparison to the 2008 Title 24 compliant design the AHE lighting package resulted in a calculated load reduction of 50 for one unit of the multi-family home
FIGURE 12 HERITAGE COMMONS MULTI-FAMILY HOME BUILDING PLAN
31
PGampErsquos Emerging Technologies Program ET13PGE1063
TABLE 13 MULTI- FAMILY HOME AHE LIGHTING DESIGN AND LOAD REDUCTION OVER 2008 TITLE 24 COMPLIANT DESIGN
Space Type Non AHE fixture
type (builder original)
Original Load (W)
Original Quantity
Original Total Load
(W)
AHE Fixture
AHE Load (W)
AHE Quantity
AHE Total
Load (W)
Kitchen Fluorescent Down light
26 4 104 Cree CR6 12 4 48
Dining Progress Pendant 100 1 100 Philips Ledino Pendant
225 1 225
Entry Fluorescent Down light
22 1 22 Cree CR6 12 1 12
Bath Fluorescent 17 2 34
GU-24 Vanity Fixture with
Illumis Lamps
137 3 411
Fluorescent Down light
13 1 13 Cree CR6 12 1 12
TOTAL (W) 2730 1356
AHE Load Reduction
() 503
LIGHTING SYSTEM INSTALLATION The installation of the AHE lighting systems did not require additional installation techniques by the construction team compared to 2008 Title 24 compliant systems Photographs of an AHE lighting system installed in a Wathen Castanos model home are provided below
32
PGampErsquos Emerging Technologies Program ET13PGE1063
FIGURE 13 AHE LIGHTING SYSTEM INSTALLATION IN KITCHEN
33
PGampErsquos Emerging Technologies Program ET13PGE1063
FIGURE 14 AHE LIGHTING SYSTEM INSTALLATION IN LIVING ROOM
34
PGampErsquos Emerging Technologies Program ET13PGE1063
FIGURE 15 AHE LIGHTING SYSTEM INSTALLATION IN BATHROOM
35
PGampErsquos Emerging Technologies Program ET13PGE1063
The cost of AHE lighting components have reduced over the course of this project with integrated high quality high efficacy LED downlights ranging in price from $25 to $50 and high quality high efficacy LED replacement lamps ranging from $7 to $25 as of the time of this report Detailed AHE lighting system cost information for the demonstration sites are contained in Table 14 15 and 16 Costs for lighting system components utilized in both the 2008 Title 24 compliant and AHE lighting designs are not included For instance downlight housings and control components are not listed
TABLE 14 WATHEN CASTANOS 1622 AHE LIGHT SOURCE COST INFORMATION
Space Type AHE Fixture AHE Quantity Price per Fixture ($)
Total Price per Space Type ($)
Kitchen Cree CR6 6 $25 $150
Dining LED Chandelier and Satco LED Lamps 1 $408 $408
Cree CR6 2 $25 $50
Great Room Cree CR6 4 $25 $100
Master Bedroom Cree CR6 5 $25 $125
Master Bathroom Cree CR6 2 $25 $50
Satco LED Lamp 8 $29 $232
Master Closet Cree CS14 1 $407 $407
Bedroom (2) Cree CR6 2 $25 $50
Bedroom (3)Study Cree CR6 2 $25 $50
Bathroom Dome Fixture and Satco LED Lamps 2 $29 $58
Vanity Fixture and Satco LED Lamps 3 $29 $87
Laundry Cree CR6 2 $25 $50
Garage Cree CS14 1 $407 $407
Entry Cree CR6 2 $25 $50
Hallway Cree CR6 2 $25 $50
TOTAL $2324
36
PGampErsquos Emerging Technologies Program ET13PGE1063
TABLE 15 NORTHWEST HOMES 2205 AHE LIGHT SOURCE COST INFORMATION
Space Type AHE Fixture AHE Quantity Price per Fixture ($)
Total Price per Space Type ($)
Kitchen Cree CR6 6 $25 $150
Nook Cree CR6 1 $25 $25
Pantry Cree CR6 1 $25 $25
Great Room Cree CR6 4 $25 $100
Entry Cree CR6 2 $25 $50 Hallways Cree CR6 3 $25 $75
Office Cree CR6 1 $25 $25
Bathroom 2 Illumis Lamps 3 $27 $81
Water Closet Cree CR6 1 $25 $25
Bedroom 2 Cree CR6 2 $25 $50
Bedroom 3 Cree CR6 2 $25 $50
Coat Closet Cree CR6 1 $25 $25
Utility Room Cree CR6 2 $25 $50
Garage Cree CS14 1 $407 $407
Porch Cree CR6 6 $25 $150
Exterior Wall Sconces Illumis Lamps 4 $27 $108
Master Bedroom Cree CR6 4 $25 $100
Master Closet Cree CR6 2 $25 $50 Master
Bathroom Illumis Lamps 2 $27 $54
Cree CR6 2 $25 $50
Water Closet Cree CR6 1 $25 $25
TOTAL $1675
37
PGampErsquos Emerging Technologies Program ET13PGE1063
TABLE 16 MERITAGE 3085 AHE LIGHT SOURCE COST INFORMATION
Space Type AHE Fixture AHE Source Quantity
Price per Fixture
($)
Total Price per Space Type ($)
Great Room FanDome CREE TW 4 $15 $60
Kitchen LED Downlight Cree CR6 4 $25 $100
Optional Pendant CREE TW 2 $15 $30
Closet LED Dome CREE TW 2 $15 $30
Powder Room Vanity CREE TW 2 $15 $30
Dining Chandelier Illumis Lamps 5 $27 $135
Owners Entry Dome CREE TW 2 $15 $30
Pocket Office LED Downlight Cree CR6 1 $25 $25
Nook LED Downlight Cree CR6 2 $25 $50
Pantry LED Downlight Cree CR6 2 $25 $50
Porch Exterior Ceiling Illumis Lamp 2 $27 $54
Exterior lights Wall Mount Exterior
Illumis Lamp 3 $27 $81
Garage 1x4 T8 Fixture CREE T8 2 $35 $70
Foyer LED Downlight Cree CR6 2 $25 $50
Stairs LED Downlight Cree CR6 2 $25 $50
Linen Closet LED Downlight Cree CR6 1 $25 $25
Bathroom Vanity CREE TW 2 $15 $30
Hallway Integrated LED Downlight Cree CR6 4 $25 $100
Laundry 1x4 T8 Fixture CREE T8 1 $35 $35
Attic E26 socket CREE TW 1 $15 $15
Game room FanDome CREE TW 4 $15 $60
Bath 2 LED Downlight Cree TW 3 $15 $45
Bedrooms Dome Feit Candelabra 6 $7 $42
Dome Feit A-Lamp 3 $7 $21
Walk in Closet Dome CREE TW 6 $15 $90
Master Bedroom FanDome Feit
Candelabra 4 $7 $28
Master Closet Dome Illumis 4 $27 $108
Master Bathroom LED Downlight Cree CR6 1 $25 $25
LED Vanity Illumis 6 $27 $162
Bath 3 LED Downlight Cree CR6 1 $25 $25
TOTAL $1656
38
PGampErsquos Emerging Technologies Program ET13PGE1063
SYSTEM PERFORMANCE EVALUATION The project team monitored the builder and homeowner end-user satisfaction photometric performance and energy consumption of the installed AHE lighting systems according to the test method outlined in this report The results of the system performance evaluation are provided below
SURVEY RESPONSES To capture builder and homeowner end-user experiences with the AHE lighting systems deployed for evaluation in this project the project team developed survey tools in order to collect feedback in a rigorous manner The results of the surveys will be used to better understand barriers to market adoption of AHE lighting systems and inform the recommendations for next steps Responses to the builder and homeowner surveys are included in the following sections
BUILDER SURVEY RESPONSES The three participating builders completed the AHE lighting system installation The survey response below is for Wathen Castanos (WC) Northwest Homes (NH) and Meritage Homes (MH)
Q What is the primary driver(s) for lighting specification choices bull WC Cost and Title 24 Code Requirements bull NH Title 24 Code Requirements then customer preference bull MH Cost without sacrificing product reliability and then Title 24 Code Requirements
Q At what point in your design process are appliance or energy codes such as T24 considered
bull WC In the plan design stage bull NH Beginning before plans are submitted for plan check review bull MH When determining the lighting schedule
Q How often is your initial plan altered in order to comply with T24 requirements
bull WC Typically not until there is a mandated code update bull NH About 50 of the time although T24 is considered throughout all designs bull MH Very rarely to comply more often to exceed T24 requirements Typically
altered to take advantage of local utility incentives Q What is your typical budget for lighting in a small mid-sized and large home
bull WC Small $500 Mid-Sized $800 Large $1900 bull NH Small $2000 Mid-Sized $3000 Large $4000 bull MH Small $500 Mid-Sized $850 Large $1400
Q Does the lighting design or technologies used vary depending on the locale or price-point of the home If so how
bull WC Yes the high end homes will typically have a higher quality finish on the light fixtures
39
PGampErsquos Emerging Technologies Program ET13PGE1063
bull NH Yes we allow approximately $125 per square foot of the home for lighting and ceiling fans We use a lot of LED recessed can lighting in kitchens and hallways as standard The electrical contractor includes those in his bid about $9000 each
bull MH Yes location and the associated market affect this decision Builder competition also influences if LED lighting or solar is offered as a way to differentiate ourselves
Q Compared to other building systems how large an impact does lighting have on a homersquos budget (as a percent)
bull WC Less than 1 bull NH Including cost increase for high efficiency lighting due to lack of product
availability about 15 bull MH About 02
Q How difficult is it to find Title 24 compliant products for each of the following product categories
Not Difficult
Somewhat Difficult
Very Difficult
Not Applicable
GU-24 MH WC NH
Integral LEDs vs replacement lamps WC NH MH
Quick connects WC NH MH
New track lighting requirements WC NH MH
Q How often do homeowners ask for a lighting change after construction is completed
bull WC Almost Never bull NH Often bull MH Almost Never
Q Do they try to replace luminaires with non-compliant alternatives bull WC Occasionally bull NH Often bull MH Almost Never
Q What role do the utility companies play in your lighting design decision making process
bull WC Rebates and Incentives bull NH None Title 24 only bull MH None
Q What challenges do you foresee arising that will make AHE compliance difficult
bull WC Economics ndash price of high efficacy products 90 CRI Product availability ndash most products canrsquot be quickly purchased at hardware stores
bull NH Economics ndash price of high efficacy products 90 CRI Product availability ndash most products canrsquot be quickly purchased at hardware stores
bull MH Economics ndash price of high efficacy products 90 CRI Product availability ndash most products canrsquot be quickly purchased at hardware stores
40
PGampErsquos Emerging Technologies Program ET13PGE1063
Q With integral LED luminaires becoming part of Title 24 compliance do you foresee any issues with end-users adopting this lighting appliance
bull WC No It will become the norm and current home owners do not like fluorescent fixtures
bull NH No the lighting quality of new LED lights seem to be acceptable to most buyers bull MH No not with the LED light quality and longevity Cost may be an issue
Changing components rather than bulbs may be an issue
HOMEOWNER SURVEY RESPONSES At the time of this report all participating demonstration homes had been occupied for sufficient time to collect survey responses The homeowner survey response provided below is for the Wathen Castanos 1622 homeowner (WC) NorthWest Homes 2205 homeowners (NH1 and NH2) and Meritage Homes 3085 homeowner (MH)
Q Please compare the lighting in your new home to the lighting in your previous home Do you think that each of the following aspects of lighting is better worse or the same in your new home
Better Worse The same I donrsquot know
I like the color of the lighthellip WC NH1 NH2 MH
The light levels in the space arehellip WC NH1
NH2 MH
Objects under the light lookhellip NH1 NH2 WC MH The aesthetic of the fixtures arehellip NH1 NH2 MH WC The lighting controllability ishellip WC NH2 MH NH1 The glare of the lighting ishellip NH1 NH2 MH WC
41
PGampErsquos Emerging Technologies Program ET13PGE1063
Q Rate your satisfaction with the AHE lighting in each room type in your new home Use the following scale
1 Extremely dissatisfied 2 Dissatisfied 3 No difference in satisfaction from lighting in last home 4 Satisfied 5 Extremely satisfied
WC Responses bull Kitchen Satisfied bull Bathroom No difference in the satisfaction from lighting in last home bull Common Living Spaces Satisfied bull Bedrooms Satisfied bull Dining Room No difference in the satisfaction from lighting in last home bull Garage No difference in the satisfaction from lighting in last home
NH1 Responses
bull Kitchen Satisfied bull Bathroom Satisfied bull Common Living Spaces Extremely Satisfied bull Bedrooms Satisfied bull Dining Room Dissatisfied bull Garage Extremely Dissatisfied
NH2 Responses
bull Kitchen Dissatisfied (no undercounter lighting) bull Bathroom Satisfied bull Common Living Spaces Extremely Satisfied bull Bedrooms Satisfied bull Dining Room Satisfied bull Garage Extremely Dissatisfied
MH Responses
bull Kitchen Satisfied bull Bathroom Satisfied bull Common Living Spaces Satisfied bull Bedrooms Satisfied bull Dining Room Satisfied bull Garage No difference in the satisfaction from lighting in last home
42
PGampErsquos Emerging Technologies Program ET13PGE1063
Q What type of lighting did you use in your previous home WC Response
a Linear fluorescent b Incandescent c CFLs
NH1 Response
a Linear fluorescent b Incandescent c CFLs d Other Halogen Under Counter
NH2 Response
a Linear fluorescent b Incandescent c CFLs d Other Halogen
MH Response Incandescent Q For one standard residential screw-base light fixture what is the most that you would be willing to pay for a single light bulb
bull WC Response $11-15 bull NH1 Response $6-10 bull NH2 Response $1-5 bull MH Response $1-5
Q Rate your familiarity with the following topics Use the following scale 1 I have never heard of it before 2 I have heard of this but am not sure exactly what it means 3 I am familiar with this concept but not an expert 4 I am an expert when it comes to this concept
WC Response bull GU-24 based lamps I have never heard of it before bull LED replacement lamps I am familiar with this concept but not an expert bull Integral LED luminaires I have heard of this but am not sure exactly what it
means bull Adaptive lighting controls I have never heard of it before bull Color Rendering Index I am familiar with this concept but not an expert bull Correlated Color Temperature I have heard of this but am not sure exactly what
it means
43
PGampErsquos Emerging Technologies Program ET13PGE1063
NH1 Response bull GU-24 based lamps I have never heard of it before bull LED replacement lamps I am familiar with this concept but not an expert bull Integral LED luminaires I have never heard of it before bull Adaptive lighting controls I have heard of this but am not sure exactly what it
means bull Color Rendering Index I am familiar with this concept but not an expert bull Correlated Color Temperature I have heard of this but am not sure exactly what
it means NH2 Response
bull GU-24 based lamps I am familiar with this concept but not an expert bull LED replacement lamps I am familiar with this concept but not an expert bull Integral LED luminaires I have never heard of it before bull Adaptive lighting controls I am familiar with this concept but not an expert bull Color Rendering Index I have never heard of it before bull Correlated Color Temperature I have never heard of it before
MH Response
bull GU-24 based lamps I have never heard of it before bull LED replacement lamps I am familiar with this concept but not an expert bull Integral LED luminaires I have heard of this but am not sure exactly what it
means bull Adaptive lighting controls I have heard of this but am not sure exactly what it
means bull Color Rendering Index I am familiar with this concept but not an expert bull Correlated Color Temperature I have heard of this but am not sure exactly what
it means Q How important to you is the ability to maintain your own lighting within your home (Replace burnt-out light bulbsfixtures repair or replace controls etc)
bull WC Response Important that I can replace light bulbs only bull NH1 Response Not at all important I can pay a technician to do those tasks bull NH2 Response Important that I can perform any maintenance task necessary
MH Response Important that I can replace light bulbs only
SYSTEM MONITORING RESULTS The project team monitored the energy and photometric performance of the installed AHE lighting systems according to the test method outlined in this report Results are provided below
PHOTOMETRIC PERFORMANCE The project team characterized the photometric performance of the AHE lighting system installed at the Wathen Castanos 1622 home utilizing the recommended practices from the Illuminating Engineering Societyrsquos The Lighting Handbook Tenth Edition The Lighting for
44
PGampErsquos Emerging Technologies Program ET13PGE1063
Residential Applications chapter was referenced to identify target applications and tasks for residences with specific lighting requirements The project team collected illuminance measurements for the living kitchen dining and bathroom applications Results and recommended light levels are summarized in Table 17
45
PGampErsquos Emerging Technologies Program ET13PGE1063
TABLE 17 WATHEN CASTANOS 1622 MEASURED ILLUMINANCE
Application and Task
Horizontal Illuminance
Target (Avg fc)
Vertical Illuminance
Target (Avg fc)
Measured Horizontal
Illuminance (Avg fc)
Measured Vertical
Illuminance (Avg fc)
Notes
Living Room 3 3 53 NA E_h floor E_v 4AFF
Dining Room 210 NA
Formal 5 2 - - E_h table plane E_v 4AFF
Informal 10 4 - - E_h table plane E_v 4AFF
Study Use 20 5 - - E_h table plane E_v 4AFF
Kitchen
Breakfast Area 20 5 348 297 E_h eating
surfaces E_v 4AFF
Cabinets - 5 - 246 E_v face of cabinets
Cooktops 30 5 207 205 E_h cooking surfaces
General 5 - 314 271 E_h floor Preparation
Counters 50 75 194 159 E_h prep surfaces
Sinks 30 5 362 226 E_h top of sink
Bathroom
Shower 5 - 552 1809 E_h floor E_v 3AFF
Toilet 10 - 304 272 E_h floor
Vanity (Grooming) 30 - 501 342 E_h floor E_v 5AFF
46
PGampErsquos Emerging Technologies Program ET13PGE1063
ENERGY USE MONITORING Energy use data collected at the demonstration sites over the course of this effort is provided in this section Detailed lighting load profiles are provided in Appendix D Raw data is available upon request A comparison of estimated and measured lighting energy use is provided in Table 18 Estimated annual lighting energy use assumes 18 hours of use per day11
TABLE 18 SUMMARY OF CALCULATED AND MEASURED LIGHTING ENERGY USE
Site Area (sf)
Lighting Schedule
Calculated Load (kW)
Measured Peak Lighting
Load (kW)
Measured LPD
Calculated Annual Lighting
Energy Use (kWh)
Estimated Annual Lighting
Energy Use (kWh)
Wathen Castanos 1622 059 046 028 1096 3022
North West Homes
2205 071 062 028 4509 4073
Meritage Homes 3085 112 111 036 13004 7293
Wathen Castanos 1622 Daily lighting energy use profiles at the Wathen Castanos 1622 demonstration home are provided below In addition cumulative results over the course of the monitoring period are included Date gaps in data are due to network errors Days with missing data were dropped from the analysis resulting in 157 days of monitored energy use spanning November 19 2014 to May 25 2015 The lighting energy use averages 300 kWh per day Extrapolating this average for an assumed usage of 365 days per year results in a calculated annual energy use of 1096 kWh
11 US DOE 2010 US Lighting Market Characterization pg 42 table 415 httpapps1eereenergygovbuildingspublicationspdfsssl2010-lmc-final-jan-2012pdf
47
PGampErsquos Emerging Technologies Program ET13PGE1063
FIGURE 16 TOTAL DAILY ENERGY USE FOR WATHEN CASTANOS 1622 DEMONSTRATION HOME
FIGURE 17 WEEKLY ENERGY USE FOR WATHEN CASTANOS 1622 DEMONSTRATION HOME jh
000050100150200250300350400450500
111
920
1411
24
2014
112
920
1412
42
014
129
201
412
27
2014
11
2015
16
2015
111
201
51
162
015
128
201
52
220
152
720
152
122
015
217
201
52
222
015
227
201
53
420
153
920
153
142
015
319
201
53
242
015
329
201
54
320
154
820
154
132
015
418
201
54
232
015
428
201
55
320
155
820
155
132
015
518
201
55
232
015
Daily Lighting Energy Use (kWh)
48
PGampErsquos Emerging Technologies Program ET13PGE1063
Energy use per day is provided based on sunrise and sunset definitions to identify day and night lighting energy use
FIGURE 18 ENERGY USE PER DAY OVER MONITORING PERIOD DURATION
NorthWest Homes 2205 Daily lighting energy use profiles at the NorthWest Homes 2205 demonstration home are provided below In addition cumulative results over the course of the monitoring period are included for the 176 days spanning October 29 2014 to April 20 2015 The lighting energy use averages 124 kWh per day Extrapolating this average for an assumed usage of 365 days per year results in a calculated annual energy use of 4509 kWh
49
PGampErsquos Emerging Technologies Program ET13PGE1063
FIGURE 19 TOTAL ENERGY USE FOR NORTHWEST HOMES 2205 DEMONSTRATION HOME
000
050
100
150
200
250
102
920
1411
32
014
118
201
411
13
2014
111
820
1411
23
2014
112
820
1412
32
014
128
201
412
13
2014
121
820
1412
23
2014
122
820
141
220
151
720
151
122
015
117
201
51
222
015
127
201
52
120
152
620
152
112
015
216
201
52
212
015
226
201
53
320
153
820
153
132
015
318
201
53
232
015
328
201
54
220
154
720
154
122
015
417
201
5
Daily Lighting Energy Use (kWh)
50
PGampErsquos Emerging Technologies Program ET13PGE1063
FIGURE 20 WEEKLY CUMULATIVE ENERGY USE FOR NORTHWEST HOMES 2205 DEMONSTRATION HOME
Energy use per day is provided based on sunrise and sunset definitions to identify day and night lighting energy use
51
PGampErsquos Emerging Technologies Program ET13PGE1063
FIGURE 21 ENERGY USE PER DAY OVER MONITORING PERIOD DURATION
52
PGampErsquos Emerging Technologies Program ET13PGE1063
Meritage 3085 Daily energy use profiles for the ceiling fan and lighting loads at the Meritage 3085 demonstration home are provided below Post-data collection one receptacle was identified as being on the lighting circuit This is included in the 75 days of monitored energy use below spanning January 31 2015 to April 15 2015 The monitored energy use averages 356 kWh per day Extrapolating this average for an assumed usage of 365 days per year this results in a calculated annual lighting related energy use of 1300 kWh
FIGURE 22 TOTAL ENERGY USE FOR MERITAGE 3085 DEMONSTRATION HOME
0
1
2
3
4
5
6
131
201
5
23
2015
26
2015
29
2015
212
201
5
215
201
5
218
201
5
221
201
5
224
201
5
227
201
5
32
2015
35
2015
38
2015
311
201
5
314
201
5
317
201
5
320
201
5
323
201
5
326
201
5
329
201
5
41
2015
44
2015
47
2015
410
201
5
413
201
5
Daily Lighting Energy Use (kWh)
53
PGampErsquos Emerging Technologies Program ET13PGE1063
FIGURE 23 WEEKLY CUMULATIVE ENERGY USE FOR MERITAGE 3085 DEMONSTRATION HOME
Energy use per day is provided based on sunrise and sunset definitions to identify day and night lighting energy use
54
PGampErsquos Emerging Technologies Program ET13PGE1063
FIGURE 24 ENERGY USE PER DAY OVER MONITORING PERIOD DURATION
RECOMMENDATIONS Over the duration of the project product availability and cost barriers to the adoption of AHE lighting for residential applications were identified Participating builders unanimously responsed that challenges for builders to be compliant with AHE lighting requirements include the economics associated with AHE lighting products and the limited availability of AHE lighting products that can be quickly purchased at a hardware store For the AHE lighting designs implemented in this study two of the three AHE lighting designs exceeded the typical lighting budget for the builders Programmatic recommendations to overcome these barriers if enacted will help increase widespread adoption of AHE systems Lighting systems that comply with the AHE definition range in performance and cost These ranges are predominantly linked to the lighting systemrsquos electrical architecture affecting controls compatibility heat transfer and allowable installation locations system efficiency light quality light output and component cost With recent developments in LED technology and electrical architecture Edison-based replacement lamp performance has improved and cost has reduced dramatically In addition to fixture integrated and GU-24 socket LED lighting solutions it is recommended that the AHE definition include lighting fixtures equipped with Edison sockets and installed with an Edison base source complying with the high-efficacy high-quality requirements If enacted the increased product availability and reduced cost of the Edison-based LED lamps meeting the high-efficacy high-quality requirements will help overcome barriers to the adoption of AHE lighting for residential applications
55
PGampErsquos Emerging Technologies Program ET13PGE1063
APPENDIX A ndash SURVEY QUESTIONS BUILDER SURVEY CONTENT
1 Describe the lighting design process for your team bull What is the primary driver(s) for lighting specification choices (ie cost T24
requirements customer preference fixture availability etc) bull At what point in your design process are appliance or energy codes such as T24
considered bull How often is your initial plan altered in order to comply with T24 requirements
2 What is your typical budget for lighting in a small mid-sized and large home
bull Does the lighting design or technologies used vary depending on the locale or price-point of the home If so how
bull Compared to other building systems how large an impact does lighting have on a homersquos budget (as a percent)
3 How difficult is it to find Title 24 compliant products for each of the following product
categories Not
Difficult Somewhat
Difficult Very
Difficult GU-24 familiarity Integral LEDs vs replacement lamps Quick connects New track lighting requirements
4 How often do homeowners ask for a lighting change after construction is completed
(Never Almost Never Occasionally Often) bull Do they try to replace luminaires with non-compliant alternatives (Never Almost
Never Occasionally Often) 5 What role do the utility companies play in your lighting design decision making process
bull Rebates and Incentives bull Marketing tools bull Other tasks
6 What challenges do you foresee arising that will make AHE compliance difficult
bull Economics ndash price of high efficacy products 90 CRI bull Education ndash does install team need to learn how to install new technologies bull Product availability ndash most products canrsquot be quickly purchased at hardware stores bull Other
7 With integral LED luminaires becoming part of Title 24 compliance do you foresee any
issues with end-users adopting this lighting appliance
56
PGampErsquos Emerging Technologies Program ET13PGE1063
HOMEOWNER SURVEY CONTENT 2 Please compare the lighting in your new home to the lighting in your previous home Do
you think that each of the following aspects of lighting is better worse or the same in your new home
Better Worse The same I donrsquot know I like the color of the lighthellip The light levels in the space arehellip Objects under the light lookhellip The aesthetic of the fixtures arehellip The lighting controllability ishellip The glare of the lighting ishellip
3 Rate your satisfaction with the AHE lighting in each room type in your new home Use
the following scale 1 Extremely dissatisfied 2 Dissatisfied 2 No difference in satisfaction from lighting in last home 3 Satisfied 4 Extremely satisfied
bull Kitchen 1 2 3 4 5 bull Bathroom 1 2 3 4 5 bull Common Living Spaces 1 2 3 4 5 bull Bedrooms 1 2 3 4 5 bull Dining Room 1 2 3 4 5 bull Garage 1 2 3 4 5
4 What type of lighting did you use in your previous home Circle all that apply a Linear fluorescent b Incandescent c CFLs d LEDs e Other _______________ f I donrsquot know
5 For one standard residential screw-base light fixture what is the most that you would
be willing to pay for a single light bulb
a $1-5 b $6-10 c $11-15 d $16+
6 Rate your familiarity with the following topics Use the following scale
1 I have never heard of it before 2 I have heard of this but am not sure exactly what it means
57
PGampErsquos Emerging Technologies Program ET13PGE1063
3 I am familiar with this concept but not an expert 4 I am an expert when it comes to this concept
bull GU-24 based lamps 1 2 3 4 bull LED replacement lamps 1 2 3 4 bull Integral LED luminaires 1 2 3 4 bull Adaptive lighting controls 1 2 3 4 bull Color Rendering Index 1 2 3 4 bull Correlated Color Temperature 1 2 3 4
7 How important to you is the ability to maintain your own lighting within your home
(Replace burnt-out light bulbsfixtures repair or replace controls etc) 1 Not at all important I can pay a technician to do those tasks 2 Important that I can replace light bulbs only 3 Important that I can replace light bulbs and ballastsdriversassociated
electronics 4 Important that I can perform any maintenance task necessary
58
PGampErsquos Emerging Technologies Program ET13PGE1063
APPENDIX B ndash AHE COMPLIANT PRODUCTS
CEILING-MOUNTED RECESSED LUMINAIRESCEILING-MOUNTED RECESSED LUMINAIRES
PRODUCT CCT CRI WATTSEFFICACY
(Lumens Watt)
Cree LED Lighting
4 ROUND DOWNLIGHT KR4-9L-27K-V KR4T-SSGC-
2700 K 90 13 W 50
Dasal Architectural Lighting
QUADRA LED TRIM 2-500--BRO-FL-9027-800
3000 K 95 12 W 52
Dasal Architectural Lighting STAR LITE XIC LED TRIM 2-167-01-BRO-FL-9027-800
2700 K 91 12 W 51
Designers Fountain
6 DIMMABLE LED6741A30
3000 K 95 14 W 61
dmf Lighting
4 5 6 LED DRD2M10927
2700 K 90 15 W 67
Elite Lighting
4 LED RETROFIT MODULE RL428-650L-DIMTR-120-30K-90-W-WH
3000 K 90 11 W 61
Energy Savings Technology
2 ADJUSTABLE LED DL2-D3
2964 K 92 15 W 55
Fahrenheit Lighting
6LED DME8927
2700 K 90 13 W 62
Halo Eatons Cooper Lighting business
NARROW FLOOD LIGHT RA406927NFLWH
2700 K 90 10 W 69
2013 TITLE 24 PART 626
Iris Products
35 APERTURE P3LED09FL40927E-E3MRC
2700 K 90 15 W 45
Liton
6 GU24 LED REFLECTOR LRELD602C-L10-T27
2700 K 85 12 W 48
MaxLite
6 RETROFIT RR61227WC
2700 K 81 12 W 63
Mini LED MultiSpot
MULTI-SPOT LIGHT MT-3LD11NA-F930-
3000 K 90 11 W 59
Portfolio
4 NEW CONSTRUCTION LD4AD010TE099274LM0H
3000 K 90 15 W 46
Prescolite (A Division of Hubbell Lighting)
6 NEW amp EXISTING CONSTRUCTION LB6LEDA10L27K9 BL
3500 K 83 12 W 66
Progress Lighting
6 DOWNLIGHT P8071-30K9-L10
3000 K 83 12 W 66
Tech Lighting
3 FIXED DOWNLIGHT E3W-LH927
2700 K 92 17 W 63
Tech Lighting
4 ADJUSTABLE DOWNLIGHT E4W-LH930--277
3000 K 93 31 W 66
PRODUCT CCT CRI WATTSEFFICACY (Lumens Watt)
27HIGH-EFFICACY RESIDENTIAL LIGHTING
CEILING-MOUNTED SURFACE LUMINAIRES
PRODUCT CCT CRI WATTSEFFICACY (Lumens Watt)
Hinkley Lighting
HADLEY 3301-LED
2700 K 90 32 W 65
Hinkley Lighting
BRANTLEY 4631-LED
2700 K 90 32 W 65
Hinkley Lighting
BOLLA 5551-LED
2700 K 90 32 W 65
Hinkley Lighting
FLUSH MOUNT 5551-LED
2700 K 96 32 W 60
Permlight
12 ROUND CLIPS FLUSH MOUNT XXX-5545
2700 K 90 26 W 64
Permlight
12 SQUARE FLUSH MOUNT XXX-5555
2700 K 90 26 W 64
Permlight
12 SQUARE FRAMED FLUSH MOUNT XXX-5565
2700 K 90 26 W 64
Permlight
CYLINDER FLUSH MOUNT XXX-6100
2700 K 90 13 W 64
Permlight
RECTANGLE FLUSH MOUNT XXX-6115
2700 K 90 13 W 64
2013 TITLE 24 PART 628
CEILING-MOUNTED SUSPENDED LUMINAIRES
PRODUCT CCT CRI WATTSEFFICACY (Lumens Watt)
Fredrick Ramond
MAPLE LOFT FR35002MPL
2700 K 90 6 W 45
Fredrick Ramond
WALNUT LOFT FR35018WAL
2700 K 90 6 W 45
Fredrick Ramond
CHERRY LOFT FR35027CHY
2700 K 90 6 W 45
Fredrick Ramond
BAMBOO ZEN FR46208BAM
2700 K 90 6 W 45
Hinkley Lighting
HATHAWAY 3220-LED
2700 K 90 32 W 60
Hinkley Lighting
ZELDA 3441-L720
2700 K 90 32 W 60
Hinkley Lighting
BOLLA 4651-LED
2700 K 90 32 W 60
29HIGH-EFFICACY RESIDENTIAL LIGHTING
WALL-MOUNTED LUMINAIRES
PRODUCT CCT CRI WATTSEFFICACY (Lumens Watt)
Hinkley Lighting
LEX 2714
2700 K 90 15 W 53
Hinkley Lighting
LANZA 5590-LED
2700 K 90 8 W 60
Hinkley Lighting
LATITUDE 5650-LED
2700 K 90 8 W 60
Permlight
SMALL RECTANGLE XXX-0910
2700 K 90 13 W 64
Permlight
SMALL CYLINDER XXX-0940
2700 K 90 13 W 64
Permlight
TRIANGLE WALL SCONCE XXX-1141
2700 K 90 13 W 64
Permlight
LARGE CYLINDER XXX-1411
2700 K 90 26 W 64
Permlight
SMALL CROSS WINDOW XXX-7285
2700 K 90 13 W 64
2013 TITLE 24 PART 630
UNDERCABINET LUMINAIRES
PRODUCT CCT CRI WATTSEFFICACY (Lumens Watt)
Aion LED
A-TRACK LIGHT ENGINE 3924-29-
2950 K 92 1 W 80
Diode LED
AVENUE 24 PREMIUM LED TAPE DI-24V-AV50-90
5000 K 90 2 W 85
EcoSense
48 ECOSPEC LINEAR LCILH-12-27-120-120
4000 K 90 3 W 58
EcoSense
12 ECOSPEC LINEAR LCISH-12-27-120-120
4000 K 90 4 W 55
Nora Lighting
6 LED LIGHT BAR NULB-6LED9
3000 K 90 3 W 38
Tech Lighting
UNILUME LED LIGHT BAR 700UCRD07930-LED
3000 K 91 4 W 74
Tech Lighting
UNILUME LED MICRO CHANNEL 700UMCD304930
3000 K 90 13 W 63
WAC Lighting
INVISLED PRO2 LED-TX2427-
2700 K 90 4 W 81
31HIGH-EFFICACY RESIDENTIAL LIGHTING
VANITY LUMINAIRES
PRODUCT CCT CRI WATTSEFFICACY (Lumens Watt)
Hinkley Lighting
DARIA 3-LED 55483-LED
2700 K 90 24 W 60
Hinkley Lighting
DARIA 3-LED 55484-LED
2700 K 90 32 W 60
Hinkley Lighting
MERIDIAN 3-LED 5593-LED
2700 K 90 24 W 60
Hinkley Lighting
DUET 2-LED 5612-LED
2700 K 90 16 W 60
Hinkley Lighting
DUET 5-LED 5615-LED
2700 K 90 40 W 60
Hinkley Lighting
LATITUDE 4-LED 5654-LED
2700 K 90 32 W 60
Hinkley Lighting
DAPHNE 2-LED 5922-LED
2700 K 90 16 W 60
Hinkley Lighting
DAPHNE 5-LED 5925-LED
2700 K 90 40 W 60
2013 TITLE 24 PART 632
PGampErsquos Emerging Technologies Program ET13PGE1063
APPENDIX C ndash MEASUREMENT AND DATA COLLECTION EQUIPMENT SPECIFICATIONS
Revenue-grade Energy and Power MetersThe WattNode Revenue meters are designed for use in applications where revenue-grade or utility-grade accu-racy is required The WattNode Revenue meters meet the accuracy requirements of ANSI C121 and support Modbusreg BACnetreg or LonTalkreg communications proto-cols or a pulse output
The WatttNode Revenue marks a new level of per-formance for the WattNode brand of electric power meters The WattNode Revenue electric power meters are optimized for tenant submetering in residential and commercial spaces PV energy generation metering UMCS metering on military bases and more
The WattNode Revenue meters are designed for 120208 and 277480 Vac applications For ANSI C121 accuracy current transformers compliant with IEEE C5713 Class 06 are required Each meter is calibrated using NIST traceable equipment following the procedures
reg reg reg
WATTNODE REVENUE for BACnet
WATTNODE REVENUE for Modbus
WATTNODE REVENUE for LonWorks
WATTNODE REVENUE Pulse
CURRENT TRANSFORMERS
New
ANSI C12 Load Performance Test - RWNC-3Y-208-MB WattNode Revenue
Current (Percent of Fullscale)
Ener
gy (P
erce
nt R
egis
trat
ion)
1 2 3 10 15 30 50 75 90 100
1020
1015
1010
1005
1000
995
990
985
980
C121 Limit
C121 Limit
RWNC-3Y-208-MB
1
19 SymbolsRead understand and follow all instructions including warnings and precautions before installing and using the product
Potential Shock Hazard from Dangerous High Voltage
Functional ground should be connected to earth ground if possible but is not required for safety grounding
UL Listing mark This shows the UL and cUL (Canadian) listing mark
FCC Mark This logo indicates compliance with part 15 of the FCC rules
Complies with the regulations of the European Union for Product Safety and Electro-Magnetic Compatibilitybull Low Voltage Directive ndash EN 61010-1 2001bull EMC Directive ndash EN 61327 1997 + A11998 + A22001
V~ This indicates an AC voltage
2 OverviewCongratulations on your purchase of the WattNodereg Pulse wattwatt-hour trans-ducer The WattNode meter enables you to make power and energy measure-ments within electric service panels avoiding the costly installation of subpanels and associated wiring It is designed for use in demand side management (DSM) submetering and energy monitoring applications
21 Additional LiteratureSee the Continental Control Systems LLC website (wwwccontrolsyscom)for product pages datasheets and support pages for all WattNode meter mod-els and current transformers Each WattNode model has an Operating and Reference Guide with detailed information on the available measurements and interface
22 Electrical Service TypesTable 1 above lists the WattNode models and common circuit types In the ldquoElectrical Service Typesrdquo column when two voltages are listed with a slash between them they indicate the line-to-neutral line-to-line voltages The ldquoLine-to-Neutralrdquo and ldquoLine-to-Linerdquo columns show the operating ranges for the WattNode meters
Connect the line voltages to the meter inputs as shown in the following figures for each service type See Figure 1 above for an overview
Ground
WH
ITE
BLA
CK
OslashB CT
OslashC CT
OslashA CT
OslashB
OslashC
N
OslashA
GND or CommonInput or Positive
Monitoring Equip-ment or Display
P1P2P3
COM
Out
put
Status
Status
Status
WATTNODEreg PULSE
WNB-WNB- -P
-P
Neutral
Phase A
Phase B
Phase C
LOA
D
WHITEBLACK
WH
ITE
BLA
CK
LINE
SourceFaces
CurrentTransformers
3Y-xxx3D-xxx
Figure 1 WattNode Wiring Diagram
ElectricalService (or Load) Types
Line-to-Neutral (Vac)
Line-to-Line(Vac)
WattNode Service
Type
MeterPowered
by1 Phase 2 Wire 120V with neutral 96 ndash 138 na 3Y-208 N and OslashA1 Phase 2 Wire 230V with neutral (non-US) 184 ndash 264 na 3Y-400 N and OslashA1 Phase 2 Wire 277V with neutral 222 ndash 318 na 3Y-480 N and OslashA1 Phase 2 Wire 208V no neutral na 166 ndash 276 3D-240 OslashA and OslashB1 Phase 2 Wire 240V no neutral na 166 ndash 276 3D-240 OslashA and OslashB
1 Phase 3 Wire 120V240V with neutral 96 ndash 138 166 ndash 2763Y-208 N and OslashA3D-240 OslashA and OslashB
3 Phase 3 Wire Delta 208V no neutral na 166 ndash 276 3D-240 OslashA and OslashB3 Phase 3 Wire Delta 400V no neutral (non-US) na 320 ndash 460 3D-400 OslashA and OslashB3 Phase 3 Wire Delta 480V no neutral na 384 ndash 552 3D-480 OslashA and OslashB
3 Phase 4 Wire Wye 120V208V with neutral 96 ndash 138 166 ndash 2763Y-208 N and OslashA3D-240 OslashA and OslashB
3 Phase 4 Wire Delta 120208240V with neutral 96 ndash 138 166 ndash 276 3D-240 OslashA and OslashB3 Phase 4 Wire Wye 230V400V with neutral (non-US) 184 ndash 264 320 ndash 460
3Y-400 N and OslashA3D-400 OslashA and OslashB
3 Phase 4 Wire Wye 277V480V with neutral 222 ndash 318 384 ndash 5523Y-480 N and OslashA3D-480 OslashA and OslashB
3 Phase 4 Wire Delta 240415480V with neutral 222 ndash 318 384 ndash 552 3D-480 OslashA and OslashB3 Phase 4 Wire Wye 347V600V with neutral 278 ndash 399 480 ndash 690 3Y-600 N and OslashA
Table 1 WattNode Models
WATTNODE reg PULSEand
WATTNODEreg REVENUEElectric Power MeterInstallation Manual
Series - Service - Interface Options______ - _______ - ________
3Y-2083Y-4003Y-4803Y-6003D-2403D-4003D-480
P = Pulse
See website for options
WNB = Second generationRWNB = Revenue second generation
1 Precautions11 Only qualified personnel or licensed electri-
cians should install the WattNode meter The mains voltages of 120 to 600 Vac can be lethal
12 Follow all applicable local and national electri-cal and safety codes
13 The terminal block screws are not insulated Do not contact metal tools to the screw termi-nals if the circuit is live
14 Verify that circuit voltages and currents are within the proper range for the meter model
15 Use only UL listed or UL recognized current transformers (CTs) with built-in burden resis-tors that generate 0333 Vac (333 millivolts AC) at rated current Do not use current output (ratio) CTs such as 1 amp or 5 amp output CTs they will destroy the meter and may create a shock hazard
16 Protect the line voltage inputs to the meter with fuses or circuit breakers (not needed for the neutral or ground wires) See 331 below
17 Equipment must be disconnected from the HAZARDOUS LIVE voltages before access
18 If the meter is not installed correctly the safety protections may be impaired
2
221 Single-Phase Two-Wire with NeutralThis is a common residential and branch circuit connection Up to three such circuits may be monitored with one meter by also using the OslashB and OslashC inputs
Ground
OslashB
OslashC
N
OslashA
WATTN
OD
Ereg
NeutralLine
222 Single-Phase Two-Wire No NeutralThis circuit occurs in residential (commonly 120240 Vac) and some commercial applications The meter is powered from the OslashA and OslashB terminals We recom-mend connecting the N terminal to ground to provide a clean voltage reference for the measurement circuitry (no current will flow through this terminal)
Ground
OslashB
OslashC
N
OslashA
WATTN
OD
Ereg
L1L2
223 Single-Phase Three-Wire with NeutralThis is a common residential service at 120240 Vac
Ground
OslashB
OslashC
N
OslashA
WATTN
OD
Ereg
NeutralL1L2
224 Three-Phase Three-Wire Delta No NeutralThis is common in commercial and industrial settings In some cases the service may be four-wire wye but the load may only be three wire (no neutral)
Occasionally a load will only be connected to two of the three lines (say L1 and L2) For this case connect the two active lines to the OslashA and OslashB terminals and connect two CTs for the two lines
Ground
OslashB
OslashC
N
OslashA
WATTN
OD
Ereg
L1L2L3
225 Three-Phase Four-Wire Wye with NeutralThis is a common commercial and industrial service
Ground
OslashB
OslashC
N
OslashA
WATTN
OD
Ereg
NeutralL1L2L3
226 Three-Phase Four-Wire Delta with Neutral (Wild Leg)The uncommon four-wire delta electrical service is a three-phase delta service with a center-tap on one of the transformer windings to create a neutral for single-phase loads
The high-leg or phase with the higher voltage as measured to neutral has tra-ditionally been designated ldquoPhase Brdquo A change to the 2008 NEC now allows the high leg of a four-wire three-phase delta service to be labeled as the ldquoCrdquo phase instead of the ldquoBrdquo phase The WattNode meter will work correctly with the high-leg connected to OslashA OslashB or OslashC
See the web article Four Wire Delta Circuits for more information
Ground
OslashB
OslashC
N
OslashA
WATTN
OD
Ereg
NeutralL1L2L3
227 Grounded Leg ServiceIn rare cases with delta services or single-phase two-wire services without neutral one of the phases may be grounded
The WattNode meter will correctly measure services with a grounded leg but the measured voltage and power for the grounded phase will be zero and the status LEDs (if present) will not light for the grounded phase because the volt-age is near zero Also this type of service may result in unusual power factors
See the web article Grounded Leg Services for more information
3 Installation31 Installation ChecklistSee the sections referenced below for installation details
Mount the WattNode meter (see 32)Turn off power before making line voltage connectionsConnect circuit breakers or fuses and disconnects (see 331)Connect the line voltage wires to the meterrsquos green terminal block (see 332)Mount the CTs around the line conductors Make sure the CTs face the source (see 34)Connect the twisted white and black wires from the CTs to the black terminal block on the meter matching the wire colors to the white and black dots on the meter label (see 341)Check that the CT phases match the line voltage phases (see 34)Record the CT rated current for each meter because it will be required during commissioningConnect the output terminals of the WattNode meter to the monitoring equipment (see 35)Check that all the wires are securely installed in the terminal blocks by tugging on each wireApply power to the meterVerify that the LEDs indicate correct operation (see 42)
32 MountingProtect the meter from temperatures below ndash30degC (-22degF) or above 55degC (131degF) excessive moisture dust salt spray or other contamination using a NEMA rated enclosure if necessary The meter requires an environment no worse than pollution degree 2 (normally only non-conductive pollution occasionally a temporary conductivity caused by condensation)The meter must be installed in an electrical service panel an enclosure or a limited access electrical roomDo not use the meter as a drilling guide the drill chuck can damage the screw terminals and metal shavings may fall into the connectors
The meter has two mounting holes spaced 1366 mm (5375 in) apart (center-to-center) These mounting holes are normally obscured by the detachable screw terminals Remove the screw terminals to mark the hole positions and mount the meter
Self-tapping 8 sheet metal screws are included Donrsquot over-tighten the screws as long-term stress on the case can cause cracking
33 Connect Voltage Terminals331 Circuit ProtectionThe WattNode meter is considered ldquopermanently connected equipmentrdquo and requires a disconnect means (circuit breaker switch or disconnect) and over-current protection (fuse or circuit breaker)
The meter only draws 10-30 milliamps so the rating of any switches discon-nects fuses andor circuit breakers is determined by the wire gauge the mains voltage and the current interrupting rating required
3
The switch disconnect or circuit breaker must be as close as practicable to the meter and must be easy to operateUse circuit breakers or fuses rated for 20 amps or lessUse ganged circuit breakers when monitoring more than one line voltageThe circuit breakers or fuses must protect the mains terminals labeled OslashA OslashB and OslashC If neutral is also protected then the overcurrent protec-tion device must interrupt both neutral and the ungrounded conductors simultaneouslyThe circuit protection disconnect system must meet IEC 60947-1 and IEC 60947-3 as well as all national and local electrical codes
332 Line WiringAlways disconnect power before connecting the line voltage inputs to the meterFor the line voltage wires CCS recommends 16 to 12 AWG stranded wire type THHN MTW or THWN 600 VDo not place more than one voltage wire in a screw terminal use separate wire nuts or terminal blocks if neededVerify that the line voltages match the line-to-line Oslash-Oslash and line-to-neutral Oslash-N values printed in the white box on the front label
Connect each line voltage to the appropriate phase also connect ground and neutral (if applicable) The neutral connection ldquoNldquo is not required on delta mod-els (3D-240 3D-400 and 3D-480) but we recommend connecting it to ground if neutral is not present
The screw terminals handle wire up to 12 AWG Connect each voltage line to the green terminal block as shown in Figure 1 above After the voltage lines have been connected make sure both terminal blocks are fully seated in the meter
When power is first applied check that the LEDs behave normally on models with status LEDs if you see them flashing red-green-red-green (see Figure 7) the line voltage is too high for this model so disconnect the power immediately
333 GroundingThe WattNode uses a plastic enclosure insulation and internal isolation bar-riers instead of protective earthing The ground terminal on the green screw terminal block is a functional ground designed to improve the measurement accuracy and noise immunity If necessary this terminal may be left discon-nected on wye models (-3Y)
34 Connect Current TransformersTo meet the UL listing requirements the WattNode meter may only be used with the following UL listed or UL recognized voltage output current transformer models These all generate 33333 millivolts AC at rated current See the cur-rent transformer datasheets for CT ratings
ACT-0750-xxx CTL-1250-xxx CTM-0360-xxxCTS-0750-xxx CTS-1250-xxx CTS-2000-xxxxCTB-wwwXhhh-xxxx CTBL-wwwXhhh-xxxx CTT-0300-xxxCTT-0500-xxx CTT-0750-xxx CTT-1000-xxxCTT-1250-xxx
ldquoxxxrdquo indicates the full scale current ratingldquowwwrdquo and ldquohhhrdquo indicate the width and height in inchesldquoddddrdquo indicates the opening diameter of the loop for flexible Rogowski CTs
See the web article Selecting Current Transformers for information on se-lecting appropriate current transformers (CTs)
Do not use ratio or current output CTs such as 1 amp or 5 amp output modelsSee the CT datasheets for the maximum input current ratingsBe careful to match the CTs with the voltage phases Make sure the OslashA CTis measuring the current on the same phase being monitored by OslashA and the same for phases B and C Use the supplied colored labels or colored tape to identify the CT leadsTo minimize current measurement noise avoid extending the CT wires especially in noisy environments If it is necessary to extend the wires use twisted pair wire 22 to 14 AWG rated for 300 V or 600 V (not less than the service voltage) and shielded if possibleFind the source arrow or label ldquoTHIS SIDE TOWARD SOURCErdquo on the CT and facepoint toward the source of currentOPTIONAL if you see spurious readings on unused phases jumper the unused CT inputs for each unused CT connect a short wire from the terminal marked with a white dot to the terminal marked with a black dot
To install the CTs pass the conductor to be measured through the CT and con-nect the CT leads to the meter Always remove power before disconnecting any live conductors Put the line conductors through the CTs as shown in Figure 1 above
CTs are directional If they are mounted backwards or with their white and black wires swapped the measured power will be negative The status LEDs indicate negative measured power by flashing red
Split-core CTs can be opened for installation around a conductor A nylon cable tie may be secured around the CT to prevent inadvertent opening
341 CT WiringConnect the white and black CT wires to the meter terminals marked OslashA CTOslashB CT and OslashC CT (see Figure 1 above) Excess length may be trimmed from the wires if desired The current transformers connect to the six position black screw terminal block Connect each CT with the white wire aligned with the white dot on the label and the black wire aligned with the black dot Note the order in which the phases are connected as the line voltage phases mustmatch the current phases for accurate power measurement
35 Connect the Output SignalsThe meter outputs are isolated from dangerous voltages so you can con-nect them at any timeIf the output wiring is near line voltage wiring use wires or cables with a 300 V or 600 V rating (not less than the service voltage)If the output wiring is near bare conductors it should be double insulated or jacketedYou may install two wires into each screw terminal by twisting the wires to-gether inserting them into terminal and securely tightening Note a loose wire can disable an entire network section Use twisted-pair cable (unshielded or shielded) to prevent interference
351 WattNode Pulse OutputsUse the following directions when connecting the pulse outputs of a WattNode Pulse meter
The outputs P1 P2 and P3 should not be connected to negative voltages or to voltages greater than +60 VdcFor long distances use shielded twisted-pair cable to prevent interference With shielded cable connect the shield to earth ground at one endIf you need to add pull-up resistors see the Operating and Reference Guide
The WattNode pulse outputs may be connected to most devices that expect a contact closure or relay input See the Operating and Reference Guide for more complex connection information
Common (or GND)Input (Positive)
Monitoring Equipment or Display
Input (Positive)Input (Positive)
P1P2P3
COM
Out
put
WATTNODE
The following table shows the pulse output channel assignments for the stan-dard bidirectional outputs and for the optional per-phase outputs (Option P3)
PulseOutputs
P1Output
P2Output
P3Output
Standard Outputs - Bidirectional
Positive energy - all phases
Negative energy - all phases Not used
Option P3Per-Phase Outputs
Phase A positive energy
Phase B positive energy
Phase C positive energy
Option PVPhotovoltaic
Phase A+B pos energy
Phase A+B neg energy
Phase C positive energy
Option DPO Dual Positive Outputs
Positive energy - all phases
Negative energy - all phases
Positive energy - all phases
Table 2 Pulse Output Assignments
4
4 Operation41 Initial ConfigurationFor WattNode Pulse meters the only required configuration will be in the data logger or pulse counting device which must be configured with the correct scale factors to convert from pulses to energy (kWh)
For details on configuring the WattNode meter see the appropriate Operating and Reference Guide for your model
The meter does not include a display or buttons so it is not possible to configure or monitor the meter directly other than the basic LED diagnostics described below
42 Power Status LEDsThe three status LEDs on the front of the meter can help indicate correct opera-tion The ldquoArdquo ldquoBrdquo and ldquoCrdquo on the diagrams indicate the three phases
421 Normal StartupThe meter displays the following startup sequence whenever power is first applied
10sec10sec10sec
GreenYellowRed
GreenYellowRed
GreenYellowRed
CBA
422 Positive PowerAny phase with the LEDs flashing green is indicating normal positive power
Green Off Green Off Green Off
423 No PowerAny phase with a solid green LED indicates no power but line voltage is pres-ent
Green
424 No VoltageAny phase LED that is off indicates no voltage on that phase
Off
425 Negative PowerRed flashing indicates negative power for that phase Reversed CTs swapped CT wires or CTs not matched with line voltage phases can cause this
Red Off Red Off Red OffC
426 Overvoltage WarningThe following indicates that the line voltage is too high for this model Discon-nect power immediately Check the line voltages and the meter ratings (in the white box on the label)
10sec
GR GR GR GR GR GR
GR GR GR GR GR GR
GR GR GR GR GR GRCBA
427 Meter Not OperatingIf none of the LEDs light then check that the correct line voltages are applied to the meter If the voltages are correct call customer service for assistance
Off
Off
Off
CBA
428 WattNode ErrorIf the meter experiences an internal error it will light all LEDs red for three or more seconds If you see this happen repeatedly return the meter for service
30sec
Red
Red
Red
CBA
For other LED patterns see the Operating and Reference Guide or contact support for assistance
43 MonitoringThe meter does not include a display or buttons so it is not possible to oper-ate the meter directly The following is a brief overview of the possible remote monitoring
The WattNode Pulse models uses optoisolator outputs that simulate contact closures These are generally connected to a datalogger or similar monitor-ing device which can count pulses to measure energy See the Operating and Reference Guide for equations to scale pulse counts and frequencies to energy and power
44 Maintenance and RepairThe WattNode meter requires no maintenance It is not user serviceable and there are no replaceable parts except the pluggable screw terminals There are no diagnostic tests that can be performed by the user other than checking for errors via the status LEDs
In the event of any failure the meter must be returned for service (contact CCS for an RMA) For a new installation follow the diagnostic and troubleshooting instructions in the Operating and Reference Guide before returning the meter for service to ensure that the problem is not connection related
The WattNode meter should not normally need to be cleaned but if cleaning is desired power must be disconnected first and a dry or damp cloth or brush should be used
5 SpecificationsThe following is a list of basic specifications For extended specifications see the Operating and Reference Guide
51 AccuracyThe following accuracy specifications do not include errors caused by the cur-rent transformer accuracy or phase angle errors ldquoRated currentrdquo is the current that generates a CT output voltage of 033333 Vac
511 Normal OperationLine voltage -20 to +15 of nominalPower factor 10Frequency 48 - 62 HzAmbient Temperature 23degC plusmn 5degCCT Current 5 - 100 of rated current
Accuracy plusmn05 of reading
For accuracy at other conditions see the reference guide
52 MeasurementUpdate Rate Internally all measurements are performed at this rate
~200 millisecondsStart-Up Time the meter starts measuring powerenergy and reporting mea-surements or generating pulses this long after AC voltage is applied
~500 millisecondsDefault CT Phase Angle Correction 00 degrees
5
53 Models and Electrical SpecificationsThe service ldquo3Y-208rdquo applies to the model WNB-3Y-208-P RWNB-3Y-208-Pand so on for the other service types
Service Nominal Vac Line-to-Neutral
Nominal Vac Line-to-Line Phases Wires
3Y-208 120 208ndash240 1 - 3 2 - 43Y-400 230 400 1 - 3 2 - 43Y-480 277 480 1 - 3 2 - 43Y-600 347 600 1 - 3 2 - 43D-240 120 208ndash240 1 - 3 2 - 43D-400 230 400 3 2 - 43D-480 277 480 3 2 - 4
Table 3 WattNode Model Service Types
for measuring wye circuits In the absence of neutral voltages are measured with respect to ground Delta WattNode models use the phase A and phase B connections for power
Over-Voltage Limit 125 of nominal Vac Extended over-voltage operation can damage the WattNode and void the warranty
Over-Current Limit 120 of rated current Exceeding 120 of rated cur-rent will not harm the WattNode meter but the current and power will not be measured accurately
Maximum Surge 4kV according to EN 61000-4-5Power Consumption The following tables shows maximum volt-amperes the power supply ranges typical power consumption and typical power fac-tor values with all three phases powered at nominal line voltages The power supply draws most of the total power consumed while the measurement circuitry draws 1-10 of the total (6-96 milliwatts per phase depending on the model) Due to the design of the power supply WattNode meters draw slightly more power at 50 Hz
Service Rated VA (1)
Power Supply Range (Vac)
Power Supply Terminals
3Y-208 4 VA 96 ndash 138 N and OslashA3Y-400 4 VA 184 ndash 264 N and OslashA3Y-480 4 VA 222 ndash 318 N and OslashA3Y-600 4 VA 278 ndash 399 N and OslashA3D-240 4 VA 166 ndash 276 OslashA and OslashB3D-400 3 VA 320 ndash 460 OslashA and OslashB3D-480 3 VA 384 ndash 552 OslashA and OslashB
Table 4 Service Volt-Amperes and Power Supply Range(1) Rated VA is the maximum at 115 of nominal Vac at 50 Hz This
is the same as the value that appears on the front label of the meter
Service Real Power (60 Hz)
Real Power (50 Hz)
Power Factor
3Y-208 16 W 18 W 0753Y-400 16 W 18 W 0643Y-480 21 W 24 W 0633Y-600 12 W 12 W 0473D-240 17 W 19 W 0633D-400 14 W 15 W 0473D-480 18 W 22 W 053
Table 5 Power Consumption
Maximum Power Supply Voltage Range -20 to +15 of nominal (see table above) For the 3D-240 service this is -20 of 208 Vac (166 Vac) to +15 of 240 Vac (276 Vac)
Operating Frequencies 5060 HzMeasurement Category CAT IIIMeasurement category III is for measurements performed in the building installation Examples are measurements on distribution boards circuit-breakers wiring including cables bus-bars junction boxes switches sock-et-outlets in the fixed installation and equipment for industrial use and some
other equipment for example stationary motors with permanent connection to the fixed installation
The line voltage measurement terminals on the meter are rated for the fol-lowing CAT III voltages (these ratings appear on the front label)
Service CAT III Voltage Rating3Y-2083D-240 240 Vac
3Y-4003D-400 400 Vac
3Y-4803D-480 480 Vac
3Y-600 600 VacTable 6 WattNode CAT III Ratings
Current Transformer InputsNominal Input Voltage (At CT Rated Current) 033333 Vac RMSAbsolute Maximum Input Voltage 50 Vac RMSInput Impedance at 5060 Hz
54 Pulse OutputsFull-Scale Pulse FrequenciesStandard (All Models) 400 HzCustom (Bidirectional) 001 Hz to 600 HzCustom (Option P3 Option PV Option DPO) 001 Hz to 150 Hz
Absolute Maximum Pulse Output FrequenciesStandard Models (Bidirectional) 900 HzOption P3 Option PV Option DPO 200 Hz
Output Waveform square-wave ~50 duty cycleOption PW programmable pulse ON (closed or conducting period 1 to 65535 milliseconds
Optoisolator OutputsIsolation 5000 Vac RMSBreakdown Voltage (collectorndashemitter) 60 V (exceeding this may destroy the outputs)
Maximum Reverse Voltage (emitter-collector) 5 Vdc (exceeding may destroy the outputs)
Maximum Leakage (OFF) Current (collectorndashemitter) 100 nARecommended Load Current (collectorndashemitter)mA (milliamp)
Maximum Load Current ~8 mA
55 CertificationsSafety
UL 61010-1CANCSA-C222 No 61010-1-04IEC 61010-1
Immunity EN 61326 2002 (Industrial Locations)Electrostatic Discharge EN 61000-4-2Radiated RF Immunity EN 61000-4-3Electrical Fast Transient Burst EN 61000-4-4Surge Immunity EN 61000-4-5Conducted RF Immunity EN 61000-4-6Voltage Dips Interrupts EN 61000-4-11
EmissionsFCC Part 15 Class BEN 55022 1994 Class B
56 EnvironmentalOperating Temperature -30degC to +55degC (-22degF to 131degF)Altitude Up to 2000 m (6560 ft)Operating Humidity non-condensing 5 to 90 relative humidity (RH) up to 40degC decreasing linearly to 50 RH at 55degC
Pollution POLLUTION DEGREE 2 - Normally only non-conductive pollu-tion occasionally a temporary conductivity caused by condensation must be expected
Indoor Use Suitable for indoor use
6
Outdoor Use Suitable for outdoor use if mounted inside an electrical enclo-sure (Hammond Mfg Type EJ Series) rated NEMA 3R or 4 (IP 66)
57 MechanicalEnclosure High impact ABSPC plasticFlame Resistance Rating UL 94V-0 IEC FV-0Size 153 mm times 85 mm times 38 mm (602 in times 335 in times 150 in)
Connectors Euroblock pluggable terminal blocksGreen up to 12 AWG (25 mm2) 600 VBlack up to 12 AWG (25 mm2) 300 V
58 FCC InformationThis equipment has been tested and complies with the limits for a Class B digital device pursuant to part 15 of the FCC Rules Operation is subject to the following two conditions (1) This device may not cause harmful interference and (2) this device must accept any interference received including interfer-ence that may cause undesired operation
The FCC limits are designed to provide reasonable protection against harmful interference in a residential installation This equipment generates uses and can radiate radio frequency energy and if not installed and used in accordance with the instructions may cause harmful interference to radio communications However there is no guarantee that interference will not occur in a particular installation If this equipment does cause harmful interference to radio or televi-sion reception which can be determined by turning the equipment off and on the user is encouraged to try to correct the interference by one or more of the following measures
Reorient or relocate the receiving antennaIncrease the separation between the equipment and receiverConnect the equipment into an outlet on a circuit different from that to which the receiver is connectedConsult the dealer or an experienced radioTV technician for help
59 WarrantyAll products sold by Continental Control Systems LLC (CCS) are guaranteed against defects in material and workmanship for a period of five years from the original date of shipment CCSrsquos responsibility is limited to repair replace-ment or refund any of which may be selected by CCS at its sole discretion CCS reserves the right to substitute functionally equivalent new or serviceable used parts
WattNode Logger models include a lithium battery to preserve the date and time during power failures CCS will replace or provide a replacement battery at no charge if the battery fails within five years from the original date of shipment
This warranty covers only defects arising under normal use and does not in-clude malfunctions or failures resulting from misuse neglect improper appli-cation improper installation water damage acts of nature lightning product modifications alterations or repairs by anyone other than CCS
Except as set forth herein CCS makes no warranties expressed or im-plied and CCS disclaims and negates all other warranties including without limitation implied warranties of merchantability and fitness for a particular purpose
510 Limitation of LiabilityIn no event shall CCS be liable for any indirect special incidental puni-tive or consequential damages of any kind or nature arising out of the sale or use of its products whether such liability is asserted on the basis of contract tort or otherwise including without limitation lost profits even if CCS has been advised of the possibility of such damages
Customer acknowledges that CCSrsquos aggregate liability to Customer relat-ing to or arising out of the sale or use of CCSrsquos products whether such liability is asserted on the basis of contract tort or otherwise shall not exceed the purchase price paid by Customer for the products in respect of which damages are claimed Customer specifically acknowledges that CCSrsquos price for the products is based upon the limitations of CCSrsquos liability set forth herein
copy2009-2013 Continental Control Systems LLCDocument Number WN-Inst-P-101Revision Date April 18 2013Continental Control Systems LLC3131 Indian Rd Boulder CO 80301 USA(303) 444-7422 httpwwwccontrolsyscombull WattNode is a registered trademark of Continental Control Systems LLC
httpwwwccontrolsyscom Rev V17b
Continental Control Systems LLC
(M5)
WATTNODE reg PULSEInstallation and Operation Manual
WNB-3Y-208-P
WNB-3Y-400-P
WNB-3Y-480-P
WNB-3Y-600-P
WNB-3D-240-P
WNB-3D-400-P
WNB-3D-480-P
2
Information in this document is subject to change without notice
copy2007-2011 Continental Control Systems LLC All rights reserved
Printed in the United States of America
Document Number WNB-P-V17b
Revision Date November 30 2011
Continental Control Systems LLC
3131 Indian Rd Suite A
Boulder CO 80301
(303) 444-7422
FAX (303) 444-2903
E-mail techsupportccontrolsyscom
Web httpwwwccontrolsyscom
WattNode is a registered trademark of Continental Control Systems LLC
FCC InformationThis equipment has been tested and complies with the limits for a Class B digital device pursu-
ant to part 15 of the FCC Rules Operation is subject to the following two conditions (1) This
device may not cause harmful interference and (2) this device must accept any interference
received including interference that may cause undesired operation
The FCC limits are designed to provide reasonable protection against harmful interference in a
residential installation This equipment generates uses and can radiate radio frequency energy
and if not installed and used in accordance with the instructions may cause harmful interfer-
ence to radio communications However there is no guarantee that interference will not occur in
a particular installation If this equipment does cause harmful interference to radio or television
reception which can be determined by turning the equipment off and on the user is encouraged
to try to correct the interference by one or more of the following measures
Reorient or relocate the receiving antenna
Increase the separation between the equipment and receiver
Connect the equipment into an outlet on a circuit different from that to which the receiver is
connected
Consult the dealer or an experienced radioTV technician to help
Contents 3
ContentsOverview 4
Pulse Outputs 4
Diagnostic LEDs 4
Current Transformers 4
Additional Literature 4
Front Label 5
Installation 7Precautions 7
Electrical Service Types 8
Single-Phase Two-Wire with Neutral 8
Single-Phase Three-Wire (Mid-Point Neutral) 9
Single-Phase Two-Wire without Neutral 10
Three-Phase Four-Wire Wye 11
Three-Phase Three-Wire Delta Without Neutral 12
Three-Phase Four-Wire Delta (Wild Leg) 12
Grounded Leg Service 12
Mounting 13
Selecting Current Transformers 14
Connecting Current Transformers 15
Circuit Protection 16
Connecting Voltage Terminals 17
Connecting Pulse Outputs 17
Output Assignments 18
Pull-Up Resistor Selection 19
Installation Summary 19
Installation LED Diagnostics 20
Measurement Troubleshooting 22
Operating Instructions 24Pulse Outputs 24
Power and Energy Computation 25
Power and Energy Equations 27
Maintenance and Repair 29
Specifications 30Models 30
Model Options 30
Accuracy 31
Measurement 32
Pulse Outputs 32
Electrical 33
Certifications 35
Environmental 35
Mechanical 35
Current Transformers 35
Warranty 37Limitation of Liability 37
4 Overview
OverviewCongratulations on your purchase of the WattNodereg Pulse wattwatt-hour transducermeter
It accurately measures energy and power in a compact package The WattNode meter can fit
in existing electric service panels avoiding the costly installation of sub-panels and associated
wiring It is designed for use in demand side management (DSM) sub-metering and energy
monitoring applications The WattNode meter generates pulses proportional to total watt-hours
The pulse rate or frequency is proportional to the instantaneous power Models are available for
single-phase and three-phase wye and delta configurations for voltages from 120 Vac to 600 Vac
at 50 and 60 Hz
Pulse OutputsThe WattNode meter generates pulse outputs using one or more optoisolators (also called
photocouplers) These provide 5000 Vac of electrical isolation The pulse outputs can interface to
monitoring or data logging hardware without concerns about interference ground loops shock
hazard etc
The standard Pulse WattNode meter makes bidirectional power measurements (energy consump-
tion and energy production) It can be used for conventional power and energy measurement as
well as for net metering and photovoltaic (PV) applications
Option P3 - The per-phase measurement option measures one two or three separate
branch circuits with a single meter saving money and space
Option PV - The photovoltaic option measures residential PV systems One WattNode meter
measures the bidirectional total house energy and the PV (or wind) generated energy See
Manual Supplement MS-10 Option PV (Photovoltaic) for details
Options DPO - The dual positive outputs option behaves exactly like the standard bidirec-
tional model but with the addition of a second positive pulse output channel (on the P3
output terminal) This allows you to connect to two devices such as a display and a data
logger See Manual Supplement MS-11 Option DPO (Dual Positive Outputs) for details
See Model Options (p 30) in the Specifications section below for details and more options
Diagnostic LEDsThe Pulse WattNode meter includes three diagnostic LEDsmdashone per phase During normal
operation these LEDs flash on and off with the speed of flashing roughly proportional to the
power on each phase The LEDs flash green for positive power and red for negative power Other
conditions are signaled with different LED patterns See the Installation LED Diagnostics (p 20) section for full details
Current TransformersThe WattNode meter uses solid-core (toroidal) split-core (opening) and bus-bar style current
transformers (CTs) with a full-scale voltage output of 033333 Vac Split-core and bus-bar CTs
are easier to install without disconnecting the circuit being measured Solid-core CTs are more
compact generally more accurate and less expensive but installation requires that you discon-
nect the circuit to install the CTs
Additional Literature WattNode Advanced Pulse - Quick Install Guide
Manual Supplement MS-10 Option PV (Photovoltaic)
Manual Supplement MS-11 Option DPO (Dual Positive Outputs)
Manual Supplement MS-17 Option PW (Pulse Width)
Manual Supplement MS-19 Option SSR (Solid-State Relay)
Overview 5
Front LabelThis section describes all the connections information and symbols that appear on the front
label
Continental Control Systems LLC
WATTNODEreg PULSE
Watthour Meter 3KNN
Boulder CO USA
OslashB CT 0333V~
OslashC CT 0333V~
OslashA CT 0333V~ Status
Status
Status
P1
P2
P3
COMO
utpu
t
OslashB
OslashC
N
OslashAOslash-Oslash 240V~Oslash-Oslash 240V~
240V CAT III240V CAT III
Oslash-N 140V~Oslash-N 140V~
120V~ 50-60Hz 3W2010-09-26SN 59063
WNB-3Y-208-PQ
N
O
P
M
K
U W
HIJ
A
C
B
E
F
G
D
Y Z
R
VT X
S
Figure 1 Front Label Diagram
A WattNode model number The ldquoWNBrdquo indicates a second generation WattNode meter with
diagnostic LEDs and up to three pulse output channels The ldquo3rdquo indicates a three-phase model
The ldquoYrdquo or ldquoDrdquo indicates wye or delta models although delta models can measure wye circuits
(the difference is in the power supply) The ldquo208rdquo (or other value) indicates the nominal line-to-
line voltage Finally the ldquoPrdquo indicates pulse output
B Functional ground This terminal should be connected to earth ground if possible It is not
required for safety grounding but ensures maximum meter accuracy
C Neutral This terminal ldquoNrdquo should be connected to neutral when available
D E F Line voltage inputs These terminals connect to the OslashA (phase A) OslashB (phase B) and
OslashC (phase C) electric mains On wye models the meter is powered from OslashA and N terminals
On delta models the meter is powered from the OslashA and OslashB terminals
G Line voltage measurement ratings This block lists the nominal line-to-neutral ldquoOslash-N 120V~rdquo
voltage line-to-line ldquoOslash-Oslash 240V~rdquo voltage and the rated measurement voltage and category
ldquo240V CAT IIIrdquo for this WattNode model See the Specifications (p 30) for more informa-
tion about the measurement voltage and category
H UL Listing mark This shows the UL and cUL (Canadian) listing mark and number ldquo3KNNrdquo
I FCC Mark This logo indicates that the meter complied with part 15 of the FCC rules
J Status LEDs These are status LEDs used to verify and diagnose meter operation See
Installation LED Diagnostics (p 20) for details
K Current transformer (CT) voltage rating These markings ldquo0333V~rdquo indicate that the meter
must be used with CTs that generate a full-scale output of 0333 Vac (333 millivolts)
6 Overview
M N O Current transformer (CT) inputs These indicate CT screw terminals Note the white
and black circles at the left edge of the label these indicate the color of the CT wire that should
be inserted into the corresponding screw terminal The terminals marked with black circles are
connected together internally
P Pulse output common (COM) This is the common terminal for all three pulse output chan-
nels This terminal should be more negative than the P1 P2 and P3 terminals (unless the
meter was ordered with Option SSR)
Q R S Pulse outputs (P1 P2 P3) These are the pulse output channels Different models use
one two or three channels They should always be positive relative to the common terminal
T Serial number This shows the meter serial number and options if any are selected The
barcode contains the serial number in Code 128C format
U Mains supply rated voltage This is the rated supply voltage for this model The V~ indicates
AC voltage For wye models this voltage should appear between the N and OslashA terminals For
delta models this voltage should appear between the OslashA and OslashB terminals
V Mains frequencies This indicates the rated mains frequencies for the meter
W Maximum rated power This is the maximum power consumption (watts) for this model
X Manufacture date This is the date of manufacture for the WattNode meter
Y Caution risk of electrical shock This symbol indicates that there is a risk of electric shock
when installing and operating the meter if the installation instructions are not followed correctly
Z Attention - consult Manual This symbol indicates that there can be danger when installing
and operating the meter if the installation instructions are not followed correctly
Symbols
Attention -
Consult Installation
and Operation Manual
Read understand and follow all instructions in this Installa-
tion and Operation Manual including all warnings cautions
and precautions before installing and using the product
Caution ndash
Risk of Electrical
Shock
Potential Shock Hazard from Dangerous High Voltage
CE Marking
Complies with the regulations of the European Union for
Product Safety and Electro-Magnetic Compatibility
Low Voltage Directive ndash EN 61010-1 2001
EMC Directive ndash EN 61327 1997 + A11998 + A22001
Installation 7
InstallationPrecautions
DANGER mdash HAZARDOUS VOLTAGESWARNING - These installationservicing instructions are for use by qualified personnel
only To avoid electrical shock do not perform any servicing other than that contained in
the operating instructions unless you are qualified to do so
Always adhere to the following checklist
1) Only qualified personnel or licensed electricians should install the WattNode meter The
mains voltages of 120 Vac to 600 Vac can be lethal
2) Follow all applicable local and national electrical and safety codes
3) Install the meter in an electrical enclosure (panel or junction box) or in a limited access
electrical room
4) Verify that circuit voltages and currents are within the proper range for the meter model
5) Use only UL recognized current transformers (CTs) with built-in burden resistors that gener-
ate 0333 Vac (333 millivolts AC) at rated current Do not use current output (ratio) CTs such as 1 amp or 5 amp output CTs they will destroy the meter and may create a shock hazard See Current Transformers (p 35) for CT maximum input current ratings
6) Ensure that the line voltage inputs to the meter are protected by fuses or circuit breakers (not
needed for the neutral wire) See Circuit Protection (p 16) for details
7) Equipment must be disconnected from the HAZARDOUS LIVE voltages before access
8) The terminal block screws are not insulated Do not contact metal tools to the screw termi-
nals if the circuit is live
9) Do not place more than one line voltage wire in a screw terminal use wire nuts instead You
may use more than one CT wire per screw terminal
10) Before applying power check that all the wires are securely installed by tugging on each wire
11) Do not install the meter where it may be exposed to temperatures below ndash30degC or above
55degC excessive moisture dust salt spray or other contamination The meter requires an
environment no worse than pollution degree 2 (normally only non-conductive pollution
occasionally a temporary conductivity caused by condensation must be expected)
12) Do not drill mounting holes using the meter as a guide the drill chuck can damage the screw
terminals and metal shavings can fall into the connectors causing an arc risk
13) If the meter is installed incorrectly the safety protections may be impaired
8 Installation
Electrical Service TypesBelow is a list of service types with connections and recommended models Note the ground
connection improves measurement accuracy but is not required for safety
Model TypeLine-to- Neutral
Line-to- Line
Electrical Service Types
WNB-3Y-208-P Wye 120 Vac208ndash240
Vac
1 Phase 2 Wire 120V with neutral
1 Phase 3 Wire 120V240V with neutral
3 Phase 4 Wire Wye 120V208V with neutral
WNB-3Y-400-P Wye 230 Vac 400 Vac1 Phase 2 Wire 230V with neutral
3 Phase 4 Wire Wye 230V400V with neutral
WNB-3Y-480-P Wye 277 Vac 480 Vac3 Phase 4 Wire Wye 277V480V with neutral
1 Phase 2 Wire 277V with neutral
WNB-3Y-600-P Wye 347 Vac 600 Vac 3 Phase 4 Wire Wye 347V600V with neutral
WNB-3D-240-PDelta
or Wye
120ndash140
Vac
208ndash240
Vac
1 Phase 2 Wire 208V (no neutral)
1 Phase 2 Wire 240V (no neutral)
1 Phase 3 Wire 120V240V with neutral
3 Phase 3 Wire Delta 208V (no neutral)
3 Phase 4 Wire Wye 120V208V with neutral
3 Phase 4 Wire Delta 120208240V with neutral
WNB-3D-400-PDelta
or Wye230 Vac 400 Vac
3 Phase 3 Wire Delta 400V (no neutral)
3 Phase 4 Wire Wye 230V400V with neutral
WNB-3D-480-PDelta
or Wye277 Vac 480 Vac
3 Phase 3 Wire Delta 480V (no neutral)
3 Phase 4 Wire Wye 277V480V with neutral
3 Phase 4 Wire Delta 240415480V with neutral
The wire count does NOT include ground It only includes neutral (if present) and phase wires
Table 1 WattNode Models
Single-Phase Two-Wire with NeutralThis configuration is most often seen in homes and offices The two conductors are neutral and
line For these models the meter is powered from the N and OslashA terminals
Figure 2 Single-Phase Two-Wire Connection
Ground
WH
ITE
BLA
CK
OslashB CT
OslashC CT
OslashA CT
OslashB
OslashC
N
OslashA
GND or CommonInput or Positive
Monitoring Equip-ment or Display
P1P2P3
COM
Out
put
Status
Status
Status
WATTNODEreg PULSE
WNB-WNB- -P
-P
Line
Neutral
LINE
LOA
D
ShortingJumpers
SourceFace
CurrentTransformer
3Y-xxx
Installation 9
Recommended WattNode ModelsThe following table shows the WattNode models that should be used depending on the line to
neutral voltage
Line to Neutral Voltage WattNode Model120 Vac WNB-3Y-208-P
230 Vac WNB-3Y-400-P
277 Vac WNB-3Y-480-P
Single-Phase Three-Wire (Mid-Point Neutral)This configuration is seen in North American residential and commercial service with 240 Vac for
large appliances The three conductors are a mid-point neutral and two line voltage wires with AC
waveforms 180deg out of phase this results in 120 Vac between either line conductors (phase) and
neutral and 240 Vac (or sometimes 208 Vac) between the two line conductors (phases)
Figure 3 Single-Phase Three-Wire Connection
Recommended WattNode ModelsThe following table shows the WattNode models that can be used If neutral may or may not be
present you should use the WNB-3D-240-P (see Single-Phase Two-Wire without Neutral below) If neutral is present it must be connected for accurate measurements If phase B may
not be present you should use the WNB-3Y-208-P (see Single-Phase Two-Wire with Neutral above)
Meter Power Source WattNode ModelN and OslashA (Neutral and Phase A) WNB-3Y-208-P
OslashA and OslashB (Phase A and Phase B) WNB-3D-240-P
Ground
WH
ITE
BLA
CK
OslashB CT
OslashC CT
OslashA CT
OslashB
OslashC
N
OslashA
GND or CommonInput or Positive
Monitoring Equip-ment or Display
P1P2P3
COM
Out
put
Status
Status
Status
WATTNODEreg PULSE
WNB-WNB- -P
-P
Phase A
Neutral
Phase B
WHITEBLACK
120 Vac240 Vac
120 Vac
LINE
LOA
D
ShortingJumper Source
Faces
CurrentTransformers
3Y-2083D-240
10 Installation
Single-Phase Two-Wire without NeutralThis is seen in residential and commercial service with 208 to 240 Vac for large appliances The
two conductors have AC waveforms 120deg or 180deg out of phase Neutral is not used For this
configuration the meter is powered from the OslashA and OslashB (phase A and phase B) terminals
For best accuracy we recommend connecting the N (neutral) terminal to the ground terminal
This will not cause ground current to flow because the neutral terminal does not power the meter
Figure 4 Single-Phase Two-Wire without Neutral Connection
Recommended WattNode ModelThis configuration is normally measured with the following WattNode model
Line-to-Line Voltage WattNode Model208 - 240 Vac WNB-3D-240-P
If neutral is available you may also use the WNB-3Y-208-P model If you use the WNB-3Y-208-P
you will need to hook up the meter as shown in section Single-Phase Three-Wire (Mid-Point Neutral) and connect neutral You will need two CTs
If one of the conductors (phase A or phase B) is grounded see Grounded Leg Service below for
recommendations
Ground
WH
ITE
BLA
CK
OslashB CT
OslashC CT
OslashA CT
OslashB
OslashC
N
OslashA
GND or CommonInput or Positive
Monitoring Equip-ment or Display
P1P2P3
COM
Out
put
Status
Status
Status
WATTNODEreg PULSE
WNB-WNB- -P
-P
Phase A
Phase B
WHITEBLACK
208-240 Vac
LINE
LOA
D
ShortingJumper Source
Faces
CurrentTransformers
3D-240
Installation 11
Three-Phase Four-Wire WyeThis is typically seen in commercial and industrial environments The conductors are neutral and
three power lines with AC waveforms shifted 120deg between phases The line voltage conductors
may be connected to the OslashA OslashB and OslashC terminals in any order so long as the CTs are con-nected to matching phases It is important that you connect N (neutral) for accurate measure-
ments For wye ldquo-3Yrdquo models the meter is powered from the N and OslashA terminals
Figure 5 Three-Phase Four-Wire Wye Connection
Recommended WattNode ModelsThe following table shows the WattNode models that should be used depending on the line-to-
neutral voltage and line-to-line voltage (also called phase-to-phase voltage)
Line-to-Neutral Voltage Line-to-Line Voltage WattNode Model120 Vac 208 Vac WNB-3Y-208-P
230 Vac 400 Vac WNB-3Y-400-P
277 Vac 480 Vac WNB-3Y-480-P
347 Vac 600 Vac WNB-3Y-600-P
Note you may also use the following delta WattNode models to measure three-phase four-wire
wye circuits The only difference is that delta WattNode models are powered from OslashA and OslashB
rather than N and OslashA If neutral is present it must be connected for accurate measurements
Line-to-Neutral Voltage Line-to-Line Voltage WattNode Model120 - 140 Vac 208 - 240 Vac WNB-3D-240-P
230 Vac 400 Vac WNB-3D-400-P
277 Vac 480 Vac WNB-3D-480-P
Ground
WH
ITE
BLA
CK
OslashB CT
OslashC CT
OslashA CT
OslashB
OslashC
N
OslashA
GND or CommonInput or Positive
Monitoring Equip-ment or Display
P1P2P3
COM
Out
put
Status
Status
Status
WATTNODEreg PULSE
WNB-WNB- -P
-P
Neutral
Phase A
Phase B
Phase C
LOA
D
WHITEBLACK
WH
ITE
BLA
CK
LINE
SourceFaces
CurrentTransformers
3Y-xxx3D-xxx
12 Installation
Three-Phase Three-Wire Delta Without NeutralThis is typically seen in manufacturing and industrial environments There is no neutral wire just
three power lines with AC waveforms shifted 120deg between the successive phases With this
configuration the line voltage wires may be connected to the OslashA OslashB and OslashC terminals in any
order so long as the CTs are connected to matching phases For these models the meter is
powered from the OslashA and OslashB (phase A and phase B) terminals Note all delta WattNode models
provide a neutral connection N which allows delta WattNode models to measure both wye and
delta configurations
For best accuracy we recommend connecting the N (neutral) terminal to earth ground This will
not cause ground current to flow because the neutral terminal is not used to power the meter
Figure 6 Three-Phase Three-Wire Delta Connection
Recommended WattNode ModelsThe following table shows the WattNode models that should be used depending on the line-to-
line voltage (also called phase-to-phase voltage)
Line-to-Line Voltage WattNode Model208 - 240 Vac WNB-3D-240-P
400 Vac WNB-3D-400-P
480 Vac WNB-3D-480-P
Three-Phase Four-Wire Delta (Wild Leg)The uncommon four-wire delta electrical service is a three-phase delta service with a center-tap
on one of the transformer windings to create a neutral for single-phase loads
See httpwwwccontrolsyscomwFour_Wire_Delta_Circuits for details
Grounded Leg ServiceIn rare cases with delta services or single-phase two-wire services without neutral one of the
phases may be grounded You can check for this by using a multimeter (DMM) to measure the
voltage between each phase and ground If you see a reading between 0 and 5 Vac that leg is
probably grounded (sometimes called a ldquogrounded deltardquo)
Ground
WH
ITE
BLA
CK
OslashB CT
OslashC CT
OslashA CT
OslashB
OslashC
N
OslashA
GND or CommonInput or Positive
Monitoring Equip-ment or Display
P1P2P3
COMO
utpu
t
Status
Status
Status
WATTNODEreg PULSE
WNB-WNB- -P
-P
Phase A
Phase B
Phase C
WHITEBLACK
WH
ITE
BLA
CK
LINE
LOA
D
SourceFaces
CurrentTransformers
3D-xxx
Installation 13
The WattNode meter will correctly measure services with a grounded leg but the measured
power for the grounded phase will be zero and the status LED will not light for whichever phase is
grounded because the voltage is near zero
For optimum accuracy with a grounded leg you should also connect the N (neutral) terminal
on the meter to the ground terminal this will not cause any ground current to flow because the
neutral terminal is not used to power the meter If you have a grounded leg configuration you can
save money by removing the CT for the grounded phase since all the power will be measured on
the non-grounded phases We recommend putting the grounded leg on the OslashB or OslashC inputs and
attaching a note to the meter indicating this configuration for future reference
MountingProtect the WattNode meter from moisture direct sunlight high temperatures and conductive
pollution (salt spray metal dust etc) If moisture or conductive pollution may be present use an
IP 66 or NEMA 4 rated enclosure to protect the meter Due to its exposed screw terminals the
meter must be installed in an electrical service panel an enclosure or an electrical room The
meter may be installed in any orientation directly to a wall of an electrical panel or junction box
Drawn to Scale
153 mm (602)
38 mm (150) High
Oslash 98 mm (0386)
Oslash 51 mm (0200)
1366 mm (5375)
851 mm
(335)
Figure 7 WattNode Meter Dimensions
The WattNode meter has two mounting holes spaced 5375 inches (137 mm) apart (center to
center) These mounting holes are normally obscured by the detachable screw terminals Remove
the screw terminals by pulling outward while rocking from end to end The meter or Figure 7
may be used as a template to mark mounting hole positions but do not drill the holes with the meter in the mounting position because the drill may damage the connectors and leave drill
shavings in the connectors
You may mount the meter with the supplied 8 self-tapping sheet metal screws using 18 inch
pilot hole (32 mm) Or you may use hook-and-loop fasteners If you use screws avoid over-tight-
ening which can crack the case If you donrsquot use the supplied screws the following sizes should
work (bold are preferred) use washers if the screws could pull through the mounting holes
14 Installation
Selecting Current TransformersThe rated full-scale current of the CTs should normally be chosen somewhat above the maximum
current of the circuit being measured (see Current Crest Factor below for more details) In some
cases you might select CTs with a lower rated current to optimize accuracy at lower current
readings Take care that the maximum allowable current for the CT can not be exceeded without
tripping a circuit breaker or fuse see Current Transformers (p 35)
We only offer CTs that measure AC current not DC current Significant DC current can saturate
the CT magnetic core reducing the AC accuracy Most loads only have AC current but some rare
loads draw DC current which can cause measurement errors See our website for more informa-
tion httpwwwccontrolsyscomwDC_Current_and_Half-Wave_Rectified_Loads
CTs can measure lower currents than they were designed for by passing the wire through the
CT more than once For example to measure currents up to 1 amp with a 5 amp CT loop the
wire through the CT five times The CT is now effectively a 1 amp CT instead of a 5 amp CT The
effective current rating of the CT is the labeled rating divided by the number of times that the wire
passes through the CT
If you are using the measurement phases of the WattNode (OslashA OslashB and OslashC) to measure different
circuits (as with Option P3) you can use CTs with different rated current on the different phases
Current Crest FactorThe term ldquocurrent crest factorrdquo is used to describe the ratio of the peak current to the RMS cur-
rent (the RMS current is the value reported by multimeters and the WattNode meter) Resistive
loads like heaters and incandescent lights have nearly sinusoidal current waveforms with a crest
factor near 14 Power factor corrected loads such as electronic lighting ballasts and computer
power supplies typically have a crest factor of 14 to 15 Battery chargers VFD motor controls
and other nonlinear loads can have current crest factors ranging from 20 to 30 and even higher
High current crest factors are usually not an issue when metering whole building loads but can
be a concern when metering individual loads with high current crest factors If the peak current is
too high the meterrsquos CT inputs can clip causing inaccurate readings
This means that when measuring loads with high current crest factors you may want to be
conservative in selecting the CT rated current For example if your load draws 10 amps RMS but
has a crest factor of 30 then the peak current is 30 amps If you use a 15 amp CT the meter will
not be able to accurately measure the 30 amp peak current Note this is a limitation of the meter
measurement circuitry not the CT
The following graph shows the maximum RMS current for accurate measurements as a function
of the current waveform crest factor The current is shown as a percentage of CT rated current
For example if you have a 10 amp load with a crest factor of 20 the maximum CT current is
approximately 85 Eighty-five percent of 15 amps is 1275 which is higher than 10 amps so
your measurements should be accurate On the other hand if you have a 40 amp load with a
crest factor of 40 the maximum CT current is 42 Forty-two percent of a 100 amp CT is 42
amps so you would need a 100 amp CT to accurately measure this 40 amp load
Screw Style USA UTS Sizes Metric SizesPan Head or Round Head 6 8 10 M35 M4 M5
Truss Head 6 8 M35 M4
Hex Washer Head (integrated washer) 6 8 M35 M4Hex Head (add washer) 6 8 10 M35 M4 M5
Table 2 Mounting Screws
Installation 15
80
100
120
140
0
20
40
60
80
10 15 20 25 30 35 40Crest Factor
Max
imum
Acc
urat
e C
T C
urre
nt(P
erce
nt o
f Rat
ed C
urre
nt)
Figure 8 Maximum CT Current vs Crest Factor
You frequently wonrsquot know the crest factor for your load In this case itrsquos generally safe to assume
the crest factor will fall in the 14 to 25 range and select CTs with a rated current roughly 150 of
the expected RMS current So if you expect to be measuring currents up to 30 amps select a 50
amp CT
Connecting Current Transformers Use only UL recognized current transformers (CTs) with built-in burden resistors that generate
033333 Vac (33333 millivolts AC) at rated current See Current Transformers (p 35) for
the maximum input current ratings
Do not use ratio (current output) CTs such as 1 amp or 5 amp output CTs they will destroy
the meter and present a shock hazard These are commonly labelled with a ratio like 1005
Find the arrow or label ldquoTHIS SIDE TOWARD SOURCErdquo on the CT and face toward the
current source generally the utility meter or the circuit breaker for branch circuits If CTs are
mounted backwards or with their white and black wires reversed the measured power will be
negative The diagnostic LEDs indicates negative power with flashing red LEDs
Be careful to match up the current transformers to the voltage phases being measured Make
sure the OslashA CT is measuring the line voltage connected to OslashA and the same for phases B
and C Use the supplied colored labels or tape to identify the wires
To prevent magnetic interference the CTs on different phases should be separated by 1 inch
(25 mm) The line voltage conductors for each phase should be separated by at least 1 inch
(25 mm) from each other and from neutral
For best accuracy the CT opening should not be much larger than the conductor If the CT
opening is much larger position the conductor in the center of the CT opening
Because CT signals are susceptible to interference we recommend keeping the CT wires
short and cutting off any excess length It is generally better to install the meter near the line
voltage conductors instead of extending the CT wires However you may extend the CT wires
by 300 feet (100 m) or more by using shielded twisted-pair cable and by running the CT wires
away from high current and line voltage conductors
OPTIONAL if you see spurious readings on unused phases jumper the unused CT inputs
To connect CTs pass the wire to be measured through the CT and connect the CT to the meter
Always remove power before disconnecting any live wires Put the line conductors through
the CTs as shown in the section Electrical Service Types (p 8) You may measure gener-
ated power by treating the generator as the source
16 Installation
Circuit ProtectionThe WattNode meter is considered ldquopermanently connected equipmentrdquo because it does not
use a conventional power cord that can be easily unplugged Permanently connected equip-ment must have overcurrent protection and be installed with a means to disconnect the equipment
A switch disconnect or circuit breaker may be used to disconnect the meter and must be
as close as practical to the meter If a switch or disconnect is used then there must also be a
fuse or circuit breaker of appropriate rating protecting the meter
WattNode meters only draw 10-30 milliamps CCS recommends using circuit breakers or
fuses rated for between 05 amps and 20 amps and rated for the line voltages and the cur-
rent interrupting rating required
The circuit breakers or fuses must protect the ungrounded supply conductors (the terminals
labeled OslashA OslashB and OslashC) If neutral is also protected (this is rare) then the overcurrent protec-
tion device must interrupt neutral and the supply conductors simultaneously
Any switches or disconnects should have at least a 1 amp rating and must be rated for the
line voltages
The circuit protection disconnect system must meet IEC 60947-1 and IEC 60947-3 as well
as all national and local electrical codes
The line voltage connections should be made with wire rated for use in a service panel or
junction box with a voltage rating sufficient for the highest voltage present CCS recommends
14 or 12 AWG (15 mm2 or 25 mm2) stranded wire rated for 300 or 600 volts Solid wire may
be used but must be routed carefully to avoid putting excessive stress on the screw terminal
The WattNode meter has an earth connection which should be connected for maximum
accuracy However this earth connection is not used for safety (protective) earthing
For solid-core CTs disconnect the line voltage conductor to install it through the CT opening
Split-core and bus-bar CTs can be opened for installation around a wire by puling the removable
section straight away from the rest of the CT or unhooking the latch it may require a strong pull
Some CT models include thumb-screws to secure the opening The removable section may fit
only one way so match up the steel core pieces when closing the CT If the CT seems to jam and
will not close the steel core pieces are probably not aligned correctly DO NOT FORCE together
Instead reposition or rock the removable portion until the CT closes without excessive force A
nylon cable tie can be secured around the CT to prevent inadvertent opening
Some split-core CT models have flat mating surfaces When installing this type of CT make sure
that mating surfaces are clean Any debris between the mating surfaces will increase the gap
decreasing accuracy
Next connect the CT lead wires to the meter terminals labeled OslashA CT OslashB CT and OslashC CT Route
the twisted black and white wires from the CT to the meter We recommend cutting off any
excess length to reduce the risk of interference Strip 14 inch (6 mm) of insulation off the ends of
the CT leads and connect to the six position black screw terminal block Connect each CT lead
with the white wire aligned with the white dot on the label and the black wire aligned with the
black dot Note the order in which the phases are connected as the voltage phases must match
the current phases for accurate power measurement
Finally record the CT rated current as part of the installation record for each meter If the conduc-
tors being measured are passed through the CTs more than once then the recorded rated CT
current is divided by the number of times that the conductor passes through the CT
Installation 17
Connecting Voltage TerminalsAlways turn off or disconnect power before connecting the voltage inputs to the meter Con-
nect each phase voltage to the appropriate input on the green terminal block also connect
ground and neutral (if required)
The voltage inputs to the meter do not need to be powered from to the same branch circuit as
the load being monitored In other words if you have a three-phase panel with a 100 A three-pole
breaker powering a motor that you wish to monitor you can power the meter (or several meters)
from a separate 20 A three-pole breaker installed in the same or even adjacent panel so long as
the load and voltage connections are supplied from the same electric service
The green screw terminals handle wire up to 12 AWG (25 mm2) Strip the wires to expose 14rdquo (6
mm) of bare copper When wiring the meter do not put more than one wire under a screw If you
need to distribute power to other meters use wire nuts or a power distribution block The section
Electrical Service Types (p 8) shows the proper connections for the different meter models
and electrical services Verify that the voltage line phases match the CT phases
If there is any doubt that the meter voltage rating is correct for the circuit being measured unplug
the green terminal block (to protect the meter) turn on the power and use a voltmeter to compare
the voltages (probe the terminal block screws) to the values in the white box on the meter front
label After testing plug in the terminal block making sure that is pushed in all the way
The WattNode meter is powered from the voltage inputs OslashA (phase A) to N (neutral) for wye
ldquo-3Yrdquo models or OslashA to OslashB for delta ldquo-3Drdquo models If the meter is not receiving at least 80 of the
nominal line voltage it may stop operating Since the meter consumes a small amount of power
itself (typically 1-3 watts) you may wish to power the meter from a separate circuit or place the
current transformers downstream of the meter so its power consumption is not measured
For best accuracy always connect the N (neutral) terminal on the meter If you are using a delta
meter and the circuit has no neutral then jumper the earth ground to the N (neutral) terminal
When power is first applied to the meter check that the LEDs behave normally (see Installa-tion LED Diagnostics (p 20) below) if you see the LEDs flashing red-green-red-green then
disconnect the power immediately This indicates the line voltage is too high for this model
10sec
GR GR GR GR GR GR
GR GR GR GR GR GR
GR GR GR GR GR GRCBA
Figure 9 WattNode LED Overvoltage Warning
Connecting Pulse Outputs The outputs P1 P2 and P3 should not be connected to negative voltages (except with
Option SSR) or to voltages greater than +60 Vdc
The recommended maximum current through the pulse output optoisolators is 5 mA
although they will generally switch 8-10 mA If you need to switch higher currents contact us
about Option SSR (solid-state relay) see Specifications - Option SSR Outputs (p 33)
The outputs are isolated (5000 Vac RMS) from dangerous voltages so you can connect them
with the meter powered The outputs are also isolated from the meterrsquos earth ground and
neutral connections
If the output wiring is located near line voltage wiring use wires or cables rated for the high-
est voltage present generally 300V or 600V rated wire
If this cable will be in the presence of bare conductors such as bus-bars it should be double
insulated or jacketed
When wiring over long distances use shielded twisted-pair cable to prevent interference
18 Installation
The pulse output channels are the collector and emitter of an optoisolator transistor (also called
a photocoupler) controlled by the meterrsquos pulse stream (see Option SSR Outputs (p 33) for
solid-state relay outputs) These outputs may be connected to most data monitoring devices that
expect a contact closure or relay input data loggers energy management systems etc Most of
these devices provide excitation voltage with internal pull-up resistors If your device does not the
following schematic illustrates connecting pull-up resistors on all three optoisolator outputs with a
pull-up voltage of 5 Vdc
5V
Rpullup Rpullup
P1
P2
P3
COM
RpullupWATTNODE
Figure 10 Optoisolator Outputs
The meter can have from one to three pulse output channels All three output channels share the
common COM or ground connection Each output channel has its own positive output connec-
tion labeled P1 P2 and P3 (tied to the transistor collectors)
Output AssignmentsThe following table shows the pulse output channel assignments for the standard bidirectional
output model and different options See Manual Supplement MS-10 for details about Option PV
and Manual Supplement MS-11 for details about Option DPO
WattNode Outputs P1 Output P2 Output P3 OutputStandard
Bidirectional Outputs
Positive real energy
(all phases)
Negative real energy
(all phases)
Not used
Option P3 Per-Phase Outputs
Phase A positive
real energy
Phase B positive
real energy
Phase C positive
real energy
Option PV Photovoltaic
Phases A+B positive
real energy
Phases A+B negative
real energy
Phase C positive
real energy
Option DPO Dual Positive Outputs
Positive real energy
(all phases)
Negative real energy
(all phases)
Positive real energy
(all phases)
Table 3 Pulse Output Assignments
Note we use the terms ldquopositiverdquo and ldquonegativerdquo but other common terms are ldquoproductionrdquo and
ldquoconsumptionrdquo You can wire the meter so that positive energy corresponds to either production
or consumption depending on your application
Installation 19
Pull-Up Resistor SelectionFor standard WattNode meters with the normal 400 Hz full-scale frequency pull-up resistor
values between 10kΩ and 100kΩ work well You may use values of 10MΩ or higher to reduce
power consumption for battery powered equipment Note pull-up resistor values of 10MΩ or
higher will make the pulse output signal more susceptible to interference so you may want to
keep the wiring short use shielded cable and avoid running the pulse signal near AC wiring
The following table lists pull-up resistor values (in ohms kilo-ohms and mega-ohms) to use
with the pulse output channels particularly if you have ordered a model with a pulse frequency
different than 400 Hz For each configuration the table lists a recommended value followed by
minimum and maximum resistor values These values typically result in a pulse waveform rise
time (from 20 to 80 of the pull-up voltage) of less than 10 of the total pulse period The fall
time is roughly constant in the 2 to 10 microsecond range Lower resistance will result in faster
switching and increase the current flow If your frequency isnrsquot in the table use the next higher
frequency or interpolate between two values
Full-Scale Pulse
Frequency
Pull-up to 30 Vdc Recommended
(Min-Max)
Pull-up to 50 Vdc Recommended
(Min-Max)
Pull-up to 12 Vdc Recommended
(Min-Max)
Pull-up to 24 Vdc Recommended
(Min-Max)1 Hz 470kΩ (600Ω-47M) 470kΩ (10k-56M) 470kΩ (24k-75M) 10MΩ (47k-91M)
4 Hz 100kΩ (600Ω-12M) 100kΩ (10k-16M) 100kΩ (24k-22M) 200kΩ (47k-30M)10 Hz 47kΩ (600Ω-470k) 47kΩ (10k-620k) 47kΩ (24k-910k) 100kΩ (47k-13M)
50 Hz 10kΩ (600Ω-91k) 10kΩ (10k-130k) 20kΩ (24k-200k) 47kΩ (47k-270k)
100 Hz 47kΩ (600Ω-47k) 47kΩ (10k-62k) 10kΩ (24k-100k) 20kΩ (47k-130k)
200 Hz 20kΩ (600Ω-24k) 20kΩ (10k-33k) 47kΩ (24k-47k) 10kΩ (47k-68k)
600 Hz 20kΩ (600Ω-82k) 20kΩ (10k-12k) 47kΩ (24k-16k) 10kΩ (47k-22k)
Table 4 Recommended Pulse Output Pull-up Resistors
When the optoisolator is on (conducting) there is a small voltage drop between the common and
output terminals typically 01 - 04 volts called the saturation voltage This voltage depends on
the current flow through the optoisolator (see Specifications - Optoisolator Outputs (p 32) below for details) To compute the current flow through the optoisolator use the following approxi-
mate equation
Vpullup - The supply voltage for the pull-up resistor (DC volts)
Rpullup - The pull-up resistor resistance (ohms)
Iopto - The approximate current (amps) through the optoisolator when it is on (conducting)
Iopto = Vpullup Rpullup
Installation Summary1) Mount the WattNode meter
2) Turn off power before installing solid-core (non-opening) CTs or making voltage connections
3) Mount the CTs around the line voltage conductors being measured Take care to orient the
CTs facing the source of power
4) Connect the twisted white and black wires from the CT to the six position black terminal
block on the meter matching the wire colors to the white and black dots on the front label
5) Connect the voltage wires including ground and neutral (if present) to the green terminal
block and check that the current (CT) phases match the voltage measurement phases
6) Connect the pulse output terminals of the meter to the monitoring equipment
7) Apply power to the meter
8) Verify that the LEDs light correctly and donrsquot indicate an error condition
20 Installation
Installation LED DiagnosticsThe WattNode meter includes multi-color power diagnostic LEDs for each phase to help verify
correct operation and diagnose incorrect wiring The LEDs are marked ldquoStatusrdquo on the label The
following diagrams and descriptions explain the various LED patterns and their meanings The A
B and C on the left side indicate the phase of the LEDs Values like ldquo10secrdquo and ldquo30secrdquo indi-
cate the time the LEDs are lit in seconds In the diagrams sometimes the colors are abbreviated
R = red G or Grn = green Y = yellow
Normal StartupOn initial power-up the LEDs will all light up in a red
yellow green sequence After this startup sequence the
LEDs will show the status such as Normal Operation
below
Normal OperationDuring normal operation when positive power is measured
on a phase the LED for that phase will flash green Typical
flash rates are shown below
Percent of Full-Scale Power LED Flash Rate Flashes in 10 Seconds100 50 Hz 50
50 36 Hz 36
25 25 Hz 25
10 16 Hz 16
5 11 Hz 11
1 (and lower) 05 Hz 5
Table 5 LED Flash Rates vs Power
Zero PowerFor each phase if line Vac is present but the measured
power is below the minimum that the meter will measure (see
Specifications - Measurement - Creep Limit) the meter will display solid green for that phase
Inactive PhaseIf the meter detects no power and line voltage below 20 of
nominal it will turn off the LED for the phase
Negative PowerIf one or more of the phase LEDs are flashing red it
indicates negative power (power flowing into the grid) on
those phases The rate of flashing indicates magnitude of
negative power (see Table 5 above) This can happen for
the following reasons
This is a bidirectional power measurement application such as a photovoltaic system where
negative power occurs whenever you generate more power than you consume
The current transformer (CT) for this phase was installed backwards on the current carrying
wire or the white and black wires for the CT were reversed at the meter This can be solved
by flipping the CT on the wire or swapping the white and black wires at the meter
In some cases this can also occur if the CT wires are connected to the wrong inputs such
as if the CT wires for phases B and C are swapped
10sec10sec10sec
GreenYellowRed
GreenYellowRed
GreenYellowRed
CBA
Green Off Green Off Green Off
Green
Off
CBA Red Off Red Off Red Off
Red Off Red Off RedOff
Red Off Red Off Red Off
Installation 21
Note if all three LEDs are flashing red and they always turn on and off together like the diagram
for Low Line Voltage below then the meter is experiencing an error or low line voltage not nega-
tive power
Erratic FlashingIf the LEDs are flashing slowly and erratically sometimes
green sometimes red this generally indicates one of the
following
Earth ground is not connected to the meter (the top
connection on the green screw terminal)
Voltage is connected for a phase but the current transformer is not connected or the CT has
a loose connection
In some cases particularly for a circuit with no load this may be due to electrical noise This
is not harmful and can generally be disregarded provided that you are not seeing substantial
measured power when there shouldnrsquot be any Try turning on the load to see if the erratic
flashing stops
To fix this try the following
Make sure earth ground is connected
If there are unused current transformer inputs install a shorting jumper for each unused CT (a
short length of wire connected between the white and black dots marked on the label)
If there are unused voltage inputs (on the green screw terminal) connect them to neutral (if
present) or earth ground (if neutral isnrsquot available)
If you suspect noise may be the problem try moving the meter away from the source of
noise Also try to keep the CT wires as short as possible and cut off excess wire
Meter Not OperatingIt should not be possible for all three LEDs to stay off
when the meter is powered because the phase powering
the meter will have line voltage present Therefore if all
LEDs are off the meter is either not receiving sufficient
line voltage to operate or is malfunctioning and needs to be returned for service Verify that the
voltage on the Vac screw terminals is within plusmn20 of the nominal operating voltages printed in the
white rectangle on the front label
Meter ErrorIf the meter experiences an internal error it will light all
LEDs red for three seconds (or longer) If you see this
happen repeatedly return the meter for service
Bad CalibrationThis indicates that the meter has detected bad calibration
data and must be returned for service
Line Voltage Too HighWhenever the meter detects line voltages over 125 of
normal for one or more phases it will display a fast red
green flashing for the affected phases This is harmless if
it occurs due a momentary surge but if the line voltage is
high continuously the power supply may fail If you see continuous over-voltage flashing disconnect the meter immediately Check that the model
and voltage rating is correct for the electrical service
GrnRedGrn
GreenRed
Grn Red
CBA Off Off Off
Off Off Red
Off Red Off
Off
Off
Off
CBA
30sec
Red
Red
Red
CBA
Yellow
Red
Red
CBA
10sec
GR GR GR GR GR GR
GR GR GR GR GR GR
GR GR GR GR GR GRCBA
22 Installation
Bad Line FrequencyIf the meter detects a power line frequency below 45 Hz
or above 70 Hz it will light all the LEDs yellow for at least
three seconds The LEDs will stay yellow until the line
frequency returns to normal During this time the meter
should continue to accurately measure power This can
occur in the presence of extremely high noise such as if the meter is too close to an unfiltered
variable frequency drive
Low Line VoltageThese LED patterns occur if the line voltage is too low
for the meter to operate correctly and the meter reboots
repeatedly The pattern will be synchronized on all three
LEDs Verify that the voltage on the Vac screw terminals is
not more than 20 lower than the nominal operating volt-
ages printed in the white rectangle on the front label If the
voltages are in the normal range and the meter continues
to display one of these patterns return it for service
30secCBA
Yellow
Yellow
Yellow
10sec
YRed
YRed
YRed
CBA
YRed
YRed
YRed
CBA
R
R
R
R
R
R
R
R
R
R
R
R
R
R
R
R
R
R
10sec
Measurement TroubleshootingIf the WattNode meter does not appear to be operating correctly or generating expected pulses
start by checking the diagnostic LEDs as described in the previous section Installation LED Diagnostics (p 20) Then double check the installation instructions If there are still problems
check the following
No Pulses Make sure the load is turned on
If the LEDs are flashing green then the meter is measuring positive power and should output
pulses on P1 so there may be something wrong with the pulse output connection or you
may need a pull-up resistor see Connecting Pulse Outputs (p 17)
If the LEDs on one or more phases are flashing red then the total power may be negative
in which case the meter wonrsquot generate positive energy pulses If you have a bidirectional
model you can check for negative energy pulses on the P2 output If this is the case check
that the line phases match the CT phases that all the CTs face the source of power and that
the CT white and black wires are connected correctly
If all the LEDs are solid green (or off) then the measured power is below the creep limit
(11500th of full-scale) and the meter will not generate any pulses See Specifications - Creep Limit (p 32)
If the LEDs are flashing green slowly the power may be very low A WattNode meter with a
nominal output frequency of 400 Hz can have a pulse period of several minutes at very low
power levels
If all the LEDs are off then the meter does not have sufficient line voltage to operate or has
malfunctioned Use a DMM (multimeter) to verify that the voltage on the Vac screw terminals
is within -20 +15 of the nominal operating voltage
Incorrect Power or Energy ReadingsThis can be caused by any of the following
An incorrect estimate of expected power or energy readings If possible try to verify the
actual energy power or current with a handheld power meter or current clamp
Installation 23
Incorrect scale factors to convert from pulses to energy and power This is commonly caused
by using the normal scale factors with an Option P3 meter or selecting the wrong row of
column from the tables
Some pulse counting equipment (data loggers etc) counts both rising and falling edges as
pulses resulting in a count that is double the intended value This can normally be corrected
by reconfiguring the device or dividing the scale factor by 20
Some pulse monitoring devices cannot handle fast pulse rates If the pulses occur too close
together some may be missed by the monitoring device Check the specifications of your
monitoring device or contact CCS support for assistance
The CTs are not installed on the correct line phases Verify that the CT phasing matches the
line Vac inputs
The measured current exceeds the CT rating This can saturate CT or the WattNode meter
input circuitry resulting in lower than expected readings If possible use a current clamp to
measure the current and make sure it is below the CT rated amps
The measured current is too small Most current transformers are only specified to meet
their accuracy from 10 to 100 of rated current In practice most CTs work reasonably
well down to 1 of rated current Very low currents may not register properly resulting in low
power or no power reported
Interference from a variable frequency or variable speed drive VFD VSD inverter or the
like Generally these drives should not interfere with the meter but if they are in very close
proximity or if the CT leads are long interference can occur Try moving the meter at least
three feet (one meter) away from any VFDs Use short CT leads if possible NEVER connect
the meter downstream of a VFD the varying line frequency and extreme noise will cause
problems
The CTs may be malfunctioning If possible use a current clamp to verify the current then
use a DMM (multimeter) to measure the AC voltage between the white and black wires from
the CT (leave them connected to the meter during this test) At rated current the CT output
voltage should equal 0333 Vac (333 millivolts AC) At lower currents the voltage should scale
linearly so at 20 of rated current the output voltage should be 020 0333 = 00666 Vac
(666 millivolts AC)
The meter is not functioning correctly if possible swap the meter for another unit of the
same model
24 Operating Instructions
Operating InstructionsPulse Outputs
The WattNode meter generates pulse outputs using one or more optoisolators (also called
photocouplers) These provide 5000 Vac of isolation using an LED and a photo-transistor This
allows the meter to be interfaced to monitoring or data logging hardware without concerns about
interference ground loops shock hazard etc
Depending on the options selected the Pulse WattNode meter can generate full-scale pulses at
output frequencies ranging from less than 1 Hz to 600 Hz The standard full-scale pulse output
frequency is 400 Hz The standard model provides two pulse streams for measuring bidirectional
power With Option P3 there are three pulse channels for independently measuring each phase
or three single-phase circuits
The pulse outputs are approximately square-waves with equal on and off periods The frequency
of pulses is proportional to the measured power When the measured power is constant the
pulse frequency is constant and the output is an exact square-wave If the power is increasing
or decreasing the output waveform will not be a perfect square-wave as the on and off periods
are getting longer or shorter If you need a fixed or minimum pulse duration (closed period) see
Manual Supplement MS-17 Option PW (Pulse Width)
We define a ldquopulserdquo as a full cycle including both an Open Closed and an Closed Open
transition You can choose either a rising or falling edge to start a pulse the end of the pulse will
be the next matching edge Some monitoring equipment or data loggers can be configured to
count both rising and falling edges if your equipment is configured this way you will count twice
as many pulses as expected This can normally be corrected by reconfiguring the equipment or
adjusting the scale factors by a factor of 2
Open
Closed
400ms400ms
800ms
400ms400ms
800ms
400ms400ms
800ms
Figure 11 Output Pulses for Steady Power
Open
Closed
200ms
200ms
200ms
200ms
300ms400ms500ms500ms
1000ms 700ms 400ms 400ms
Figure 12 Output Pulses for Increasing Power
See Connecting Pulse Outputs (p 17) and Specifications - Pulse Outputs (p 32) for
more information
Operating Instructions 25
Power and Energy ComputationEvery pulse from the meter corresponds to a fixed amount of energy Power (watts) is energy
divided by time which can be measured as pulses per second (or pulses per hour) The following
scale factor tables and equations convert from pulses to energy (watt-hours or kilowatt-hours) for
different models
If you have ordered a custom full-scale pulse output frequency then see the
Power and Energy Equations section below For Option PV (Photovoltaic) see
Manual Supplement MS-10 Option PV for scale factors
Scale Factors - Standard Bidirectional Outputs (and Option DPO)The following table provides scale factors for standard bidirectional output models with a full-
scale pulse output frequency of 400 Hz This table also works for 400 Hz models with Option DPO Equations to compute power and energy follow the scale factor tables
CT Size (amps)
Watt-hours per pulse (WHpP) Pulses Per kilowatt-hour (PpKWH)3Y-208 3D-240
3Y-400 3D-400
3Y-480 3D-480
3Y-6003Y-208 3D-240
3Y-400 3D-400
3Y-480 3D-480
3Y-600
5 0125 02396 02885 03615 800000 417391 346570 276657
15 0375 07188 08656 10844 266667 139130 115524 922190
20 0500 09583 11542 14458 200000 104348 866426 691643
30 0750 14375 17313 21688 133333 695652 577617 461095
50 1250 23958 28854 36146 800000 417391 346570 276657
60 1500 28750 34625 43375 666667 347826 288809 230548
70 1750 33542 40396 50604 571429 298137 247550 197612
100 2500 47917 57708 72292 400000 208696 173285 138329
150 3750 71875 86563 10844 266667 139130 115523 92219
200 5000 95833 11542 14458 200000 104348 86643 69164
250 6250 11979 14427 18073 160000 83478 69314 55331
300 7500 14375 17313 21688 133333 69565 57762 46110
400 10000 19167 23083 28917 100000 52174 43321 34582
600 15000 28750 34625 43375 66667 34783 28881 23055
800 20000 38333 46167 57833 50000 26087 21661 17291
1000 25000 47917 57708 72292 40000 20870 17329 13833
1200 30000 57500 69250 86750 33333 17391 14440 11527
1500 37500 71875 86563 10844 26667 13913 11552 92219
2000 50000 95833 11542 14458 20000 10435 86643 69164
3000 75000 14375 17313 21688 13333 69565 57762 46110
any CtAmps 40
CtAmps 2087
CtAmps 17329
CtAmps 13833
40000 CtAmps
20870 CtAmps
17329 CtAmps
13833 CtAmps
Table 6 Scale Factors - Bidirectional Outputs
Contact CCS for scale factors for models with full-scale pulse output frequencies other than 400
Hz
26 Operating Instructions
Scale Factors - Option P3 Per-Phase OutputsThe following table provides scale factors for Option P3 models with a full-scale pulse output
frequencies of 400 Hz for each phase Note with Option P3 different phases can use different
CTs with different rated currents
WARNING Only use this table if you have Option P3 (Per-Phase Outputs)
CT Size (amps)
Watt-hours per pulse (WHpP) Pulses Per kilowatt-hour (PpKWH)3Y-208 3D-240
3Y-400 3D-400
3Y-480 3D-480
3Y-6003Y-208 3D-240
3Y-400 3D-400
3Y-480 3D-480
3Y-600
5 004167 007986 009618 012049 240000 125217 103971 829971
15 01250 02396 02885 03615 800000 417391 346570 276657
20 01667 03194 03847 04819 600000 313043 259928 207493
30 02500 04792 05771 07229 400000 208696 173285 138329
50 04167 07986 09618 12049 240000 125217 103971 829971
60 05000 09583 11542 14458 200000 104348 866426 691643
70 05833 11181 13465 16868 171429 894410 742651 592837
100 08333 15972 19236 24097 120000 626087 519856 414986
150 12500 23958 28854 36146 800000 417391 346570 276657
200 16667 31944 38472 48194 600000 313043 259928 207493
250 20833 39931 48090 60243 480000 250435 207942 165994
300 25000 47917 57708 72292 400000 208696 173285 138329
400 33333 63889 76944 96389 300000 156522 129964 103746
600 50000 95833 11542 14458 200000 104348 86643 69164
800 66667 12778 15389 19278 150000 78261 64982 51873
1000 83333 15972 19236 24097 120000 62609 51986 41499
1200 10000 19167 23083 28917 100000 52174 43321 34582
1500 12500 23958 28854 36146 80000 41739 34657 27666
2000 16667 31944 38472 48194 60000 31304 25993 20749
3000 25000 47917 57708 72292 40000 20870 17329 13833
any CtAmps 12000
CtAmps 62609
CtAmps 51986
CtAmps 41499
120000 CtAmps
62609 CtAmps
51986 CtAmps
41499 CtAmps
Table 7 Scale Factors - Per-Phase Outputs (Option P3)
Scale Factor EquationsUsing the ldquoWatt-hours per pulserdquo WHpP value from the table above for your model and current
transformer you can compute energy and power as follows
PulseCount - This is the count of pulses used to compute energy You can use the count of
pulses over specified periods of time (like a month) to measure the energy for that period of
time
PulseFreq - This is the measured pulse frequency (Hertz) out of the meter This can also be
computed by counting the number of pulses in a fixed period of time and then dividing by the
number of seconds in that time period For example if you count 720 pulses in five minutes
(300 seconds) then PulseFreq = 720 300 = 240 Hz
Energy (watt-hours) = WHpP PulseCount
Power (watts) = WHpP 3600 PulseFreq
To convert these values to kilowatt-hours and kilowatts divide by 1000
Operating Instructions 27
Using the ldquoPulses Per kilowatt-hourrdquo PpKWH value from the table above for your model and
current transformer you can compute energy and power as follows (multiply by 1000 to convert
kilowatts to watts)
Energy (kilowatt-hours) = PulseCount PpKWH
Power (kilowatts) = 3600 PulseFreq PpKWH
Power and Energy EquationsThis section shows how to compute power and energy from pulses for any full-scale pulse output
frequency The power is proportional to the pulse frequency while the energy is proportional to
the count of pulses
For these calculations we use the following variables
NVac - This is the nominal line voltage (phase to neutral) of the WattNode model For delta
model this is a virtual voltage since there may not be a neutral connection Note this is not the actual measured voltage
PpPO - ldquoPhases per Pulse Outputrdquo This is the number of meter voltage phases associ-
ated with a pulse output channel This may be different than the number of phases you are
monitoring
Standard and Option DPO (Dual Positive Outputs) PpPO = 3
Option P3 (Per-Phase Outputs) PpPO = 1
Option PV (Photovoltaic) PpPO = 2 for outputs P1 and P2 PpPO = 1 for output P3 CtAmps - This is the current transformer (CT) rated amps Note If the conductors being
measured are passed through the CTs more than once then CtAmps is the rated CT current
divided by the number of times that the conductor passes through the CT
FSHz - This is the full-scale pulse frequency of the meter It is 400 Hz unless the meter was
ordered with Option Hz=xxx (where xxx specifies the full-scale pulse frequency) or Option Kh
PulseCount - This is the measured pulse count used to compute energy You can use the
count of pulses over specified periods of time (such as a month) to measure the energy for
that period of time
PulseFreq - This is the measured pulse frequency from one of the pulse channels (P1 P2
or P3) This can be computed by counting the number of pulses in a fixed period of time and
then dividing by the number of seconds in that time period For example if you count 720
pulses in five minutes (300 seconds) then PulseFreq = 720 300 = 240 Hz
The values of the constant parameters are in the following table
WattNode Models NVac Standard FSHz ValuesWNB-3Y-208-P 120 400 Hz
WNB-3Y-400-P 230 400 Hz
WNB-3Y-480-P 277 400 Hz
WNB-3Y-600-P 347 400 Hz
WNB-3D-240-P 120 400 Hz
WNB-3D-400-P 230 400 Hz
WNB-3D-480-P 277 400 Hz
Note these are ldquovirtualrdquo line-to-neutral voltages used for delta model power
and energy computations
Table 8 Power and Energy Parameters
28 Operating Instructions
Watt-Hours per Pulse
FSHz 3600PpPO NVac CtAmpsWHpP =
Watt-Hours per Pulse per CT Rated AmpThere is an alternate way of computing the energy reported by a meter using the variable
WHpPpA (watt-hours per pulse per CT rated amp) If you multiply the WHpPpA by the amp rating
of your CTs the result will be the watt-hours measured each time the meter generates a pulse
EnergyPerPulse (WH) = WHpPpA CtAmps
The standard WHpPpA values are listed in the following table These only apply for models with a
400 Hz full-scale pulse frequency
WattNode ModelsWatt-Hours per Pulse per CT Rated Amp (FSHz = 400)
Standard and
Option DPO Outputs
Option P3
Per-Phase Outputs
WNB-3Y-208-P 002500 0008333
WNB-3Y-400-P 004792 001597
WNB-3Y-480-P 005771 001924
WNB-3Y-600-P 007229 002410
WNB-3D-240-P 002500 0008333
WNB-3D-400-P 004792 001597
WNB-3D-480-P 005771 001924
Table 9 Watt-Hours per Pulse per CT Rated Amp
For example a WNB-3Y-208-P with a full-scale pulse frequency of 400 Hz has a WHpPpA value
of 00250 With 15 amp CTs it will output one pulse for every 0375 watt-hours
(0025) (150 amps) = 0375 watt-hours
It is easy to use the WHpPpA value to compute energy
Energy (Wh) = WHpPpA CtAmps PulseCount
For non-standard models you can compute WHpPpA as follows
FSHz 3600PpPO NVacWHpPpA =
Energy EquationThe following equation computes the energy (watt-hours) associated with a pulse output channel
By using the PulseCount for different periods of time (day week month etc) you can measure
the energy over different time periods You can convert this to kilowatt-hours by dividing by 1000
The 3600 term in the denominator converts from watt-seconds to watt-hours Note use NVac
value from Table 8 above
FSHz 3600Energy (WH) =
NVac PpPO CtAmps PulseCount
Pulses per Watt-Hour
NVac PpPO CtAmpsFSHz 3600PpWH =
Operating Instructions 29
Pulses Per Kilowatt-Hour
NVac PpPO CtAmpsFSHz 3600 1000PpKWH =
Full-Scale Power EquationThe following equation computes the nominal full-scale power associated with a pulse output
channel For bidirectional output models this is the full-scale power for all phases together For
per-phase output models this is the full-scale power for a single phase Note use NVac value
from Table 8 Power and Energy Parameters above
Full-Scale Power (W) = NVac PpPO CtAmps
Power EquationThe following equation computes the power associated with a pulse output The PulseFreq value
may be measured or averaged over different time periods to compute the average power (also
called demand) Note use NVac value from Table 8 above
FSHzNVac PpPO CtAmps PulseFreqPower (W ) =
Maintenance and RepairThe WattNode Pulse meter requires no maintenance There are no user serviceable or replace-
able parts except the pluggable screw terminals
The WattNode meter should not normally need to be cleaned but if cleaning is desired power
must be disconnected first and a dry or damp cloth or brush should be used
The WattNode meter is not user serviceable In the event of any failure the meter must be
returned for service (contact CCS for an RMA) In the case of a new installation follow the diag-
nostic and troubleshooting instructions before returning the meter for service to ensure that the
problem is not connection related
30 Specifications
SpecificationsModels
ModelNominal Vac
Line-to-NeutralNominal Vac Line-to-Line
Phases Wires
WNB-3Y-208-P 120 208ndash240 3 4
WNB-3Y-400-P 230 400 3 4
WNB-3Y-480-P 277 480 3 4
WNB-3Y-600-P 347 600 3 4
WNB-3D-240-P 120 208ndash240 3 3ndash4
WNB-3D-400-P 230 400 3 3ndash4
WNB-3D-480-P 277 480 3 3ndash4
Note the delta models have an optional neutral connection that may be used for measuring
wye circuits In the absence of neutral voltages are measured with respect to ground Delta
WattNode models use the phase A and phase B connections for power
Table 10 WattNode Models
Model OptionsAny of these models are available with the following options
Bidirectional Outputs - (this is the standard model) This model has two pulse output chan-
nels P1 generates pulses in proportion to the total real positive energy while P2 generates
pulses in proportion to the total real negative energy The individual phase energies are all
added together every 200 ms If the result is positive it is accumulated for the P1 output if
negative it is accumulated for the P2 output If one phase has negative power (-100 W) while
the other two phases have positive power (+100 W each) the negative phase will subtract
from the positive phases resulting in a net of 100 W causing pulses on P1 but no pulses on
P2 There will only be pulses on P2 if the sum of all three phases is negative
Option P3 Per-Phase Outputs - Models with this option have three pulse output channels
P1 P2 and P3 Each generates pulses in proportion to the real positive energy measured on
one phase (phases A B and C respectively)
Option DPO Dual Positive Outputs - This option is like the standard model with
bidirectional outputs but with the addition of the P3 output channel The P3 chan-
nel indicates positive real energy just like the P1 channel This is useful when the meter
needs to be connected to two different devices such as a display and a data logger See
Manual Supplement MS-11 Option DPO (Dual Positive Outputs) for details
Option PV Photovoltaic - The photovoltaic option measures residential PV systems It
allows one WattNode meter to measure the bidirectional total house energy and the PV (or
wind) generated energy See Manual Supplement MS-10 Option PV (Photovoltaic) for details
Option Hz Custom Pulse Output Frequency - WattNode meters are available with custom
full-scale pulse output frequencies ranging from 001 Hz to 600 Hz (150 Hz maximum for
Options P3 DPO and PV ) For custom frequencies specify Option Hz=nnn where nnn
is the desired full-scale frequency To specify different frequencies for P1 P2 and P3 use
Option Hz=rrrsssttt where P1 frequency = rrr P2 frequency = sss P3 frequency = ttt
Option SSR Solid State Relay Output - Replaces the standard optoisolator outputs with
solid state relays capable of switching 500 mA at up to 40 Vac or plusmn60 Vdc See Option SSR Outputs below for details
Option TVS=24 - Install 24 V bidirectional TVS protection diodes across P1 P2 and P3
outputs Used with Option SSR when driving 12 Vdc electromechanical counters to protect
the solid-state relays from the inductive kickback of the counter
Specifications 31
Option PW Pulse Width - This specifies the pulse ON (closed or conducting) period in
milliseconds For example Opt PW=100 configures 100 millisecond pulse ON periods See
Manual Supplement MS-17 Option PW (Pulse Width) for details
Option Kh Watt-hour Constant - This specifies the watt-hour constant or the number of
watt-hours that must accumulate for each pulse generated by the meter Each pulse includes
an ON (conducting) and OFF period The number of watt-hours may be small even less than
one or large For example Opt Kh=1000 specifies one pulse per 1000 watt-hours (one pulse
per kilowatt-hour) See httpwwwccontrolsyscomwOption_Kh
Option CT Current Transformer Rated Amps - This specifies the rated
amps of the attached current transformers This is only used in conjunc-
tion with Option Kh It may be specified as Opt CT=xxx or Opt CT=xxxyyyzzz if there are CTs with different rated amps on different phases See
httpwwwccontrolsyscomwWattNode_Pulse_-_Option_CT_-_CT_Rated_Amps
AccuracyThe following accuracy specifications do not include errors caused by the current transformer
accuracy or phase angle errors ldquoRated currentrdquo is the current that generates a CT output voltage
of 033333 Vac
Condition 1 - Normal OperationLine voltage -20 to +15 of nominal
Power factor 10
Frequency 48 - 62 Hz
Ambient Temperature 25degC
CT Current 5 - 100 of rated current
Accuracy plusmn05 of reading
Condition 2 - Low CT CurrentAll conditions the same as Condition 1 exceptCT Current 1 - 5 of rated current
Accuracy plusmn10 of reading
Condition 3 ndash Very Low CT CurrentAll conditions the same as Condition 1 exceptCT Current 02 - 1 of rated current
Accuracy plusmn30 of reading
Condition 4 - High CT CurrentAll conditions the same as Condition 1 exceptCT Current 100 - 120 of rated current
Accuracy plusmn10 of reading
Condition 5 - Low Power FactorAll conditions the same as Condition 1 exceptPower factor 05 (plusmn60 degree phase shift between current and voltage)
Additional Error plusmn05 of reading
Condition 6 - Temperature VariationAll conditions the same as Condition 1 exceptAmbient Temperature -30degC to +55degC
Additional Error plusmn075 of reading
32 Specifications
Note Option PV WattNode models may not meet these accuracy specifications for the P3
output channel when measuring a two-phase inverter or multiple inverters
Pulse OutputsFactory Programmable Full-Scale Pulse Frequencies
Standard (All Models) 400 Hz
Custom (Bidirectional Output Models) 001 Hz to 600 Hz
Custom (Option P3 Option PV Option DPO) 001 Hz to 150 Hz
Absolute Maximum Pulse Output FrequenciesStandard Models (Bidirectional Outputs) 900 Hz
Option P3 Option PV Option DPO 200 Hz
Output Waveform square-wave ~50 duty cycle
Option PW programmable pulse ON (closed or conducting period 1 to 65535 milliseconds
Optoisolator OutputsIsolation 5000 Vac RMS
Breakdown Voltage (collectorndashemitter) 60 V (exceeding this may destroy the outputs)
Maximum Reverse Voltage (emitter-collector) 5 Vdc (exceeding may destroy the outputs)
Maximum Leakage (OFF) Current (collectorndashemitter) 100 nA
Recommended Load Current (collectorndashemitter) 1 μA (microamp) to 5 mA (milliamp)
Maximum Load (collectorndashemitter) Current ~8 mA
Approximate ON Resistance (as measured by a DMM) 100 Ω to 2000 Ω
Approximate OFF Resistance (as measured by a DMM) gt 50 MΩ
MeasurementCreep Limit 0067 (11500th) of full-scale Whenever the apparent power (a combination of the
real and reactive power values) for a phase drops below the creep limit the output power (real)
for the phase will be forced to zero Also if the line voltage for a phase drops below 20 of
nominal Vac the output power for the phase will be set to zero These limits prevent spurious
pulses due to measurement noise
Update Rate ~200 milliseconds Internally the consumed energy is measured at this rate and
used to update the pulse output rate
Start-Up Time approximately 500 milliseconds The meter starts measuring power and generat-
ing pulses 500 milliseconds after AC voltage is applied
Current Transformer Phase Angle Correction 10 degree leading Current transformers (CTs)
typically have a leading phase angle error ranging from 02 degrees to 25 degrees The
WattNode meter is normally programmed to correct for a 10 degree phase lead to provide
good accuracy with typical CTs
Over-Voltage Limit 125 of nominal Vac If the line voltage for one or more phases exceeds this
limit the status LEDs for these phases will flash alternating red-green as a warning Extended
over-voltage operation can damage the meter and void the warranty See Line Voltage Too High (p 21)
Over-Current Limit 120 of rated current Exceeding 120 of rated current will not harm the
WattNode meter but the current and power will not be measured accurately
Specifications 33
Saturation Voltage vs Load Current this is the typical voltage (at room temperature) mea-
sured between the COM terminal and P1 P2 or P3 when the optoisolator is on (conduct-
ing) Ideally this voltage would be zero but instead it varies with the load current
10
100
1000
001 01 1 10
Opt
oiso
lato
r Sat
urat
ion
Vce
(mill
ivol
ts)
Optoisolator Current (mA)
Figure 13 Optoisolator Saturation Voltage vs Load Current
Output Rise Time (microseconds) approximately Rpullup 100 where Rpullup is the pull-
up resistor value (in ohms) and the pull-up voltage is 5 Vdc Rise time is defined as the time
for the output voltage to rise from 20 to 80 of the pull-up voltage
Output Fall Time approximately 2-3 microseconds with a 5 Vdc pull-up voltage
Option SSR OutputsIsolation 5000 Vac RMS
Breakdown Voltage plusmn60 Vdc or 40 Vac can switch positive negative or AC voltages
Maximum Leakage (Off) Current 1000 nA (1 μA)
On Resistance 10 to 25 Ω
Maximum Load Current 500 mA
Output Turn On Time (milliseconds) 18 ms typical 50 ms maximum
Output Turn Off Time (milliseconds) 05 ms typical 20 ms maximum
Maximum Recommended Pulse Frequency 30 Hz
ElectricalPower Consumption The following table shows typical power consumption and power factor
values with all three phases powered at nominal line voltages The power supply draws
most of the total power consumed while the measurement circuitry draws 1-10 of the total
(6-96 milliwatts per phase depending on the model) Due to the design of the power supply
WattNode meters draw slightly more power at 50 Hz
34 Specifications
ModelActive
Power at 60 Hz
Active Power at
50 Hz
Power Factor
Rated Power
Power Supply Range
Power Supply
TerminalsWNB-3Y-208-P 16 W 18 W 075 3 W 96 ndash 138 Vac N and OslashAWNB-3Y-400-P 16 W 18 W 064 3 W 184 ndash 264 Vac N and OslashAWNB-3Y-480-P 21 W 24 W 063 4 W 222 ndash 318 Vac N and OslashAWNB-3Y-600-P 12 W 12 W 047 3 W 278 ndash 399 Vac N and OslashAWNB-3D-240-P 17 W 19 W 063 4 W 166 ndash 276 Vac OslashA and OslashBWNB-3D-400-P 14 W 15 W 047 3 W 320 ndash 460 Vac OslashA and OslashBWNB-3D-480-P 18 W 22 W 053 4 W 384 ndash 552 Vac OslashA and OslashB
Table 11 Power Supply Characteristics
Note This is the maximum rated power at 115 of nominal Vac at 50 Hz This is the same as
the rated power that appears on the front label of the meter
Maximum Operating Power Supply Voltage Range -20 to +15 of nominal (see table
above) For the WNB-3D-240-P this is -20 of 208 Vac (166 Vac) to +15 of 240 Vac (276
Vac)
Operating Frequencies 5060 Hz
Measurement Category CAT III
Measurement category III is for measurements performed in the building installation Examples
are measurements on distribution boards circuit-breakers wiring including cables bus-bars
junction boxes switches socket-outlets in the fixed installation and equipment for industrial
use and some other equipment for example stationary motors with permanent connection to
the fixed installation
The line voltage measurement terminals on the meter are rated for the following CAT III volt-
ages (these ratings also appear on the front label)
Model CAT III Voltage RatingWNB-3Y-208-P
WNB-3D-240-P
240 Vac
WNB-3Y-400-P
WNB-3D-400-P
400 Vac
WNB-3Y-480-P
WNB-3D-480-P
480 Vac
WNB-3Y-600-P 600 Vac
Table 12 WattNode CAT III Ratings
Current Transformer InputsNominal Input Voltage (At CT Rated Current) 033333 Vac RMS
Absolute Maximum Input Voltage 50 Vac RMS
Input Impedance at 5060 Hz 23 kΩ
Specifications 35
CertificationsSafety UL 61010-1 CANCSA-C222 No 61010-1-04 IEC 61010-1
Immunity EN 61326 2002 (Industrial Locations)
Electrostatic Discharge EN 61000-4-2 4 kV contact 8 kV air (B) Self-Recovering
Radiated RF Immunity EN 61000-4-3 10 Vm (A) No Degradation
Electrical Fast Transient Burst EN 61000-4-4 2 kV (B) Self-Recovering
Surge Immunity EN 61000-4-5 1 kV IO 4 kV AC (B) Self-Recovering
Conducted RF Immunity EN 61000-4-6 3 V (A) No Degradation
Voltage Dips Interrupts EN 61000-4-11 (B) Self-Recovering
Emissions FCC Part 15 Class B EN 55022 1994 Class B
EnvironmentalOperating Temperature -30degC to +55degC (-22degF to 131degF)
Altitude Up to 2000 m (6560 ft)
Operating Humidity non-condensing 5 to 90 relative humidity (RH) up to 40degC decreasing
linearly to 50 RH at 55degC
Pollution POLLUTION DEGREE 2 - Normally only non-conductive pollution occasionally a
temporary conductivity caused by condensation must be expected
Indoor Use Suitable for indoor use
Outdoor Use Suitable for outdoor use when mounted inside an electrical enclosure (Hammond
Mfg Type EJ Series) that is rated NEMA 3R or 4 (IP 66)
MechanicalEnclosure High impact ABS andor ABSPC plastic
Flame Resistance Rating UL 94V-0 IEC FV-0
Size 153 mm times 85 mm times 38 mm (602 in times 335 in times 150 in)
Weight 285 gm (101 oz) 314 gm (111 oz)
Connectors Euroblock style pluggable terminal blocks
Green up to 12 AWG (25 mm2) 600 V
Black up to 12 AWG (25 mm2) 300 V
Current TransformersWattNode meters use CTs with built-in burden resistors generating 033333 Vac at rated AC cur-
rent The maximum input current rating is dependent on the CT frame size (see the tables below)
Exceeding the maximum input current rating may damage CTs but should not harm the meter
None of these CTs measure DC current and the accuracy can be degraded in the presence of DC
currents as from half-wave rectified loads The solid-core CTs are most susceptible to saturation
due to DC currents
WattNode meters should only be used with UL recognized current transformers which are avail-
able from Continental Control Systems Using non-approved transformers will invalidate the meter
UL listing The following sections list approved UL recognized current transformers
36 Specifications
Common CT SpecificationsType voltage output integral burden resistor
Output Voltage at Rated Current 033333 Vac (one-third volt)
Standard CT Wire Length 24 m (8 feet)
Optional CT Wire Length up to 30 m (100 feet)
Split-Core CTsAlso called ldquoopeningrdquo current transformers These are UL recognized under UL file numbers
E96927 or E325972 CTM-0360-xxx CTS-0750-xxx CTS-1250-xxx CTS-2000-xxx where xxx
indicates the full scale current rating between 0005 and 1500 amps
The accuracy of the split-core CTs are specified from 10 to 100 of rated AC current The
phase angle is specified at 50 of rated current (amps) Some low current split-core CTs have
unspecified phase angle errors
ModelInside
DiameterRated Amps (-xxx)
Accuracy Phase Angle
Maximum Amps
CTM-0360-xxx 030 (75 mm) 5 15 30 50 70 plusmn1 lt2deg 100
CTS-0750-xxx 075rdquo (190 mm) 5 15 30 50 plusmn1 not spec 200
CTS-0750-xxx 075rdquo (190 mm) 70 100 150 200 plusmn1 lt2deg 200
CTS-1250-xxx 125rdquo (317 mm) 70 100 plusmn1 not spec 600
CTS-1250-xxx 125rdquo (317 mm) 150 200 250 300 400 600 plusmn1 lt2deg 600
CTS-2000-xxx 200rdquo (508 mm) 600 800 1000 1200 1500 plusmn1 lt2deg 1500
Table 13 Split-core CTs
Split-Core Bus Bar CTsThese current transformers are referred to as ldquobus barrdquo CTs because they are available in larger
and custom sizes appropriate for use with bus bars or multiple large conductors These are UL
recognized under UL file number E325972 CTB-wwwXhhh-xxx where www and hhh indicate
the width and height in inches and xxx indicates the full scale current rating
The accuracy of the split-core bus bar CTs is specified from 10 to 100 of rated current The
phase angle is specified at 50 of rated current (amps)
Model OpeningRated Amps
Accuracy Phase Angle
Maximum Amps
CTB-15x35-0600 15 x 35 (381 mm x 889 mm) 600 plusmn15 lt15deg 750
CTB-40x40-0800 40 x 40 (1016 mm x 1016 mm) 800 plusmn15 lt15deg 1000
CTB-40x40-1200 40 x 40 (1016 mm x 1016mm) 1200 plusmn15 lt15deg 1500
CTB-40x40-2000 40 x 40 (1016 mm x 1016 mm) 2000 plusmn15 lt15deg 2500
CTB-45x40-3000 45 x 40 (1143 mm x 1016 mm) 3000 plusmn15 lt15deg 3750
CTB-wwwxhhh-xxxx Custom (www by hhh inches) xxxx plusmn15 lt15deg 4000
Table 14 Split-core Bus Bar CTs
Solid-Core CTsAlso called ldquotoroidrdquo or ldquodonutrdquo current transformers These are UL recognized under UL
file number E96927 CTT-0750-100N CTT-1250-400N CTT-0300-030N CTT-0500-060N
CTT-1000-200N CTT-0300-005N CTT-0300-015N CTT-0500-050N CTT-0500-030N
CTT-0500-015N CTT-0750-070N CTT-0750-050N CTT-0750-030N CTT-1000-150N
CTT-1000-100N CTT-1000-070N CTT-1000-050N CTT-1250-300N CTT-1250-250N
CTT-1250-200N CTT-1250-150N CTT-1250-100N CTT-1250-070N
Warranty 37
The accuracy of the solid-core CTs is specified from 10 to 100 of rated current The phase
angle error is specified at 50 of rated current The CT suffix xxx is the rated current The ldquoNrdquo at
the end of the part number indicates a nickel core material which is the only core material avail-
able for our solid-core CTs
ModelInside
DiameterRated Amps (-xxx)
Accuracy Phase Angle
Maximum Amps
CTT-0300-xxxN 030 (76mm) 5 15 20 30 plusmn1 lt1deg 30
CTT-0500-xxxN 050 (127mm) 15 20 30 50 60 plusmn1 lt1deg 60
CTT-0750-xxxN 075 (190mm) 30 50 70 100 plusmn1 lt1deg 100
CTT-1000-xxxN 100 (254mm) 50 70 100 150 200 plusmn1 lt1deg 200
CTT-1250-xxxN 125 (317mm) 70 100 150 200 250 300 400 plusmn1 lt1deg 400
Table 15 Solid-core CTs
WarrantyAll products sold by Continental Control Systems LLC (CCS) are guaranteed against defects in
material and workmanship for a period of five years from the original date of shipment CCSrsquos
responsibility is limited to repair replacement or refund any of which may be selected by CCS at
its sole discretion CCS reserves the right to substitute functionally equivalent new or serviceable
used parts
This warranty covers only defects arising under normal use and does not include malfunctions or
failures resulting from misuse neglect improper application improper installation water damage
acts of nature lightning product modifications alterations or repairs by anyone other than CCS
Except as set forth herein CCS makes no warranties expressed or implied and CCS disclaims and negates all other warranties including without limitation implied warranties of merchantability and fitness for a particular purpose
Limitation of LiabilityIn no event shall CCS be liable for any indirect special incidental punitive or consequen-tial damages of any kind or nature arising out of the sale or use of its products whether such liability is asserted on the basis of contract tort or otherwise including without limitation lost profits even if CCS has been advised of the possibility of such damages
Customer acknowledges that CCSrsquos aggregate liability to Customer relating to or arising out of the sale or use of CCSrsquos products whether such liability is asserted on the basis of contract tort or otherwise shall not exceed the purchase price paid by Customer for the products in respect of which damages are claimed Customer specifically acknowledges that CCSrsquos price for the products is based upon the limitations of CCSrsquos liability set forth herein
CTL Series - 125 Inch Window - 250 and 400 AmpsThe CTL revenue-grade split-core current transformers provide IEEE
C5713 class 06 accuracy with UL listing for energy management
equipment They combine the ease of installation of an opening cur-
rent transformer with the accuracy normally associated with solid-core
current transformers They are an ideal companion to the WattNodereg
Revenue meter for revenue-grade electric power metering applications
bull Very low phase angle error essential for accurate power and energy
measurements
bull IEEEANSI C5713 and IEC 60044-1 accuracy over the full tem-
perature range
bull Glove-friendly operation with one hand
SpecificationsAll specifications are for operation at 60 Hz
bull Accuracy
bull plusmn050 from 15 to 100 of rated primary current
bull plusmn075 from 1 to 15 of rated primary current
bull Phase angle
bull plusmn025 degrees (15 minutes) from 50 to 100 of rated current
bull plusmn050 degrees (30 minutes) from 5 to 50 of rated current
bull plusmn075 degrees (45 minutes) from 1 to 5 of rated current
bull Accuracy standards IEEE C5713 class 06 IEC 60044-1 class 05S
bull Primary rating 250 or 400 Amps 600 Vac 60 Hz nominal
bull Output 33333 mVac at rated current
bull Operating temperature -30degC to 55degC
bull Safe integral burden resistor no shorting block needed
bull Standard lead length 8 ft (24 m) 18 AWG
bull Approvals UL recognized CE mark RoHS
bull Assembled in USA qualified under Buy American provision in ARRA of
2009
Models Amps MSRPCTL-1250-250 Opt C06 250 $ 66
CTL-1250-400 Opt C06 400 $ 66
Revenue-Grade Accuracy
3131 Indian Road bull Boulder CO 80301 USAsalesccontrolsyscom bull wwwccontrolsyscom(888) 928-8663 bull Fax (303) 444-2903
-100
-075
-050
-025
000
025
050
075
100
01 1 10 100 200
Rea
din
g E
rro
r
Percent of Rated Primary Current
CTL-1250 Series Typical Accuracy
CTL-1250-250 Opt C06
CTL-1250-400 Opt C06
-100deg
-075deg
-050deg
-025deg
000deg
025deg
050deg
075deg
100deg
Pha
se A
ngle
Deg
rees
Percent of Rated Primary Current
CTL-1250 Series Typical Phase Error
CTL-1250-250 Opt C06
CTL-1250-400 Opt C06
01 1 10 100 200
bull Graphs show typical performance at 23degC 60 Hz
bull Graph shows a positive phase angle when the
output leads the primary current
CTL-51013 Specifications are subject to change
Patent pending
317(805)
130(330)
368(937)327
(830)
138(350)
114(289)
125(317)
Dimensions in inches(millimeters)
New
Continental Control Systems LLC
PatPatent pee
Minimum System Requirements
Software USB cableUSB bl S ft
Flexible Accurate 4-channel Analog Logger
HOBO UX120 4-Channel Analog Logger
Key Advantages
bull Twice the accuracy over previous models bull 16-bit resolutionbull Flexible support for a wide range of external sensorsbull LCD confirms logger operation and displays near real-time measurement databull Provides minimum maximum average and standard deviation logging optionsbull On-screen alarms notify you when a sensor reading exceeds set thresholdsbull Stores 19 million measurements for longer deployments between offloads
The HOBO UX120-006M Analog Logger is a high-performance LCD display data logger for building performance monitoring applications As Onsetrsquos highest-accuracy data logger it provides twice the accuracy of previous models a deployment-friendly LCD and flexible support up to four external sensors for measuring temperature current CO2 voltage and more
Supported Measurements Temperature 4-20mA AC Current AC Voltage Air Velocity Carbon Dioxide Compressed Air Flow DC Current DC Voltage Gauge Pressure Kilowatts Volatile Organic Compound (sensors sold separately)
USB cable included with software
For complete information and accessories please visit wwwonsetcompcom
Part number UX120-006M (4-Channel Analog)
Memory 19 MillionLogging Rate 1 second to 18 hours user selectableLogging Modes Normal Burst StatisticsMemory Modes Wrap when full or stop when fullTime Accuracy plusmn1 minute per month at 25degC (77degF)Battery Life 1 year typical with logging rate of 1 minute and sampling interval of 15 seconds or greater user replaceable 2 AAADimensions 108 x 541 x 254 cm (425 x 213 x 1 in)Operating Range Logging -20deg to 70degC (-4deg to 158degF) 0 to 95 RH (non-condensing)Accuracy plusmn01 mV plusmn01 of readingCE Compliant Yes
Log type J K T E R S B or N thermocouplesHOBOreg UX120 4-Channel Thermocouple Logger
Supported Measurements Temperature
Minimum System Requirements
Software USB cableUSB bl S ft
For complete information and accessories please visit wwwonsetcompcom
Part number UX120-014M (Thermocouple)
Internal TemperatureRange -20deg to 70degC (-4deg to 158degF)Accuracy plusmn021degC from 0deg to 50degC (plusmn038degF from 32deg to 122degF)Resolution 0024degC at 25degC (004degF at 77degF)Drift lt01degC (018degF) per year
LoggerLogging Rate 1 second to 18 hours 12 minutes 15 secondsLogging Modes Normal Burst StatisticsMemory Modes Wrap when full or stop when fullTime Accuracy plusmn1 minute per month at 25degC (77degF)Battery Life 1 year typical with logging rate of 1 minute and sampling interval of 15 seconds or greater user replaceable 2 AAADimensions 108 x 541 x 254 cm (425 x 213 x 1 in)Operating Range Logging -20deg to 70degC (-4deg to 158degF) 0 to 95 RH (non-condensing)CE Compliant Yes
Thermocouple Range Accuracy Resolution(probes sold separately) Type J -210deg to 760degC (-346deg to 1400degF) plusmn06degC (plusmn108degF) plusmn thermocouple probe accuracy 003degC (006degF)Type K -260deg to 1370degC (-436deg to 2498degF) plusmn07degC (plusmn126degF) plusmn thermocouple probe accuracy 004degC (007degF)Type T -260deg to 400degC (-436deg to 752degF) plusmn06degC (plusmn108degF) plusmn thermocouple probe accuracy 002degC (003degF)Type E -260deg to 950degC (-436deg to 1742degF) plusmn06degC (plusmn108degF) plusmn thermocouple probe accuracy 003degC at (005degF)Type R -50deg to 1550degC (-58deg to 2822degF) plusmn22degC (plusmn396degF) plusmn thermocouple probe accuracy 008degC (015degF)Type S -50deg to 1720degC (-58deg to 3128degF) plusmn22degC (plusmn396degF) plusmn thermocouple probe accuracy 008degC (015degF)Type B +60deg to 1820degC (1022deg to 3308degF) plusmn25degC (plusmn45degF) plusmn thermocouple probe accuracy 01degC (018F)Type N -260deg to 1300degC (-436deg to 2372degF) plusmn10degC (plusmn18degF) plusmn thermocouple probe accuracy 006degC (011degF)
USB cable included with software
Key Advantages
bull Easy-to-view LCD display confirms logger operation and battery statusbull Near real-time readout of current temperatures as well as minimum maximum average and standard deviation statisticsbull On-screen alarms notify you if temperatures exceed high or low thresholdsbull Large memory capacity capable of storing 19 million measurementsbull Start stop and restart pushbuttonsbull User-upgradeable firmware
The HOBO UX120 Thermocouple Logger is a four-channel LCD data logger for measuring and recording temperature in a range of monitoring applications The logger makes it easy and convenient to record temperatures over a broad range (-260 to 1820deg C) and can accept up to four J K T E R S B or N type probes In addition to accepting four thermocouple probes the logger features an internal temperature sensor for logging ambient temperatures further extending the application possibilities
Log pulse signals events state changes and runtimesHOBOreg UX120 Pulse Logger
Key Advantages
bull Simultaneously measures and records pulse signals events state changes and runtimesbull Stores over 4 million measurements enabling longer deployments with fewer site visitsbull Streamlines deployment via range of startstop options logger status LEDs and high-speed USB 20 data offloadbull Works with Onsetrsquos E50B2 Power amp Energy Meter to measure Power Factor Reactive Power Watt Hours and more
The HOBO UX120 4-Channel Pulse data logger is a highly versatile 4-channel energy data logger that combines the functionality of four separate energy loggers into one compact unit It enables energy management professionals ndash from energy auditors to building commissioners ndash to easily track building energy consumption equipment runtimes and water and gas flow rates
Supported Measurements Pulse Signals Event Runtime State AC Current AC Voltage Amp Hour Kilowatt Hours Kilowatts Motor OnOff Power Factor Volt-Amps Watt Hours Watts Volt-Amp Reactive Volt-Amp Reactive Hour
Minimum System Requirements
Software USB cable SensorUSB bl S ft S
Part number UX120-017 UX120-017M
Memory 520000 measurements 4000000 measurementsSampling rate 1 second to 18 hoursBattery life 1 year typical user replaceable 2 AAExternal contact Input Electronic solid state switch closure or logic driven digital signals to 24VMax pulse frequency 120 HzMax state event runtime frequency 1 Hz
Resolution Pulse 1 pulse Runtime 1 second State and Event 1 state or eventBits 4 - 32 bits depending on pulse rate and logging intervalLockout time 0 to 1 second in 100 ms stepsOperating temperature range Logging -40ordm to 70ordmC (-40ordm to 158ordmF) 0 to 95 RH (non-condensing)
Dimensions 114 x 63 x 33 cm (45 x 25 x 13 inches)CE compliant Yes
USB cable included with software
For complete information and accessories please visit wwwonsetcompcom
Copyrightcopy 2013 Onset Computer Corporation All rights reserved Onset HOBO HOBOware are registered trademarks of Onset Computer Corporation Other products and brand names may be trademarks or registered trademarks of their respective owners Patented technology (US Patent 6826664) MKT1049-0813
Technical Support (8am to 8pm ET Monday through Friday) wwwonsetcompcomsupportcontact Call 1-877-564-4377
Contact Us Sales (8am to 5pm ET Monday through Friday) Email salesonsetcompcom Call 1-800-564-4377 Fax 1-508-759-9100
HOBOreg 4-Channel Pulse Input Data Logger (UX120-017x) Manual
14638-E
The HOBO 4-Channel Pulse Input data logger records electronic pulses and mechanical or electrical contact closures from external sensing devices Using HOBOwarereg you can easily configure each of its four channels to monitor and record pulse event state or runtime data in a wide variety of applications including tracking building energy consumption monitoring mechanical equipment and recording water and gas flow rates Plus when combined with the E50B2 Energy amp Power Meter (T-VER-E50B2) this logger provides extensive power and energy monitoring capabilities There are two models of the HOBO 4-Channel Pulse Input data logger the UX120-017 stores more than 500000 measurements while the UX120-017M holds more than 4000000 measurements
Specifications Inputs
External Contact Input Electronic solid state switch closure or logic driven digital signals to 24 V
Maximum Pulse Frequency 120 Hz
Maximum State Event Runtime Frequency
1 Hz
Bits 4ndash32 bits depending on pulse rate and logging interval
Maximum Pulses Per Interval
7863960 (using maximum logging rate)
Driven Logic Signal Input Low 04 V Input High 3 to 24 V
Absolute Maximum Rating Maximum Voltage 25 V DC Minimum Voltage -03 V DC
Solid State Switch Closure Input Low lt 10 K Input High gt 500 K
Internal Weak Pull-Up 100 K
Input Impedance Solid state switch closure 100 K pull up Driven signal 45 K
Minimum Pulse Width Contact closure duration 500 uS Driven logic signal 100 uS
Lockout Time 0 to 1 second in 100 ms steps
Edge Detection Falling edge Schmitt Trigger buffer
Preferred Switch State Normally open or Logic ldquo1rdquo state
Logging
Resolution Pulse 1 pulse Runtime 1 second State and Event 1 State or Event
Logging Rate 1 second to 18 hours 12 minutes 15 seconds
Time Accuracy plusmn1 minute per month at 25degC (77degF) (see Plot A on next page)
Battery Life 1 year typical with logging intervals greater than 1 minute and normally open contacts
Battery Type Two AA alkaline or lithium batteries
Memory
Memory UX120-017 520192 measurements (assumes 8-bit) UX120-017M 4124672 measurements (assumes 8-bit)
Download Type USB 20 interface
Download Time 30 seconds for UX120-017 15 minutes for UX120-017M
Physical
Operating Range Logging -40deg to 70degC (-40deg to 158degF) 0 to 95 RH (non-condensing) LaunchReadout 0deg to 50degC (32deg to 122degF) per USB specification
Weight 149 g (526 oz)
Size 114 x 63 x 33 cm (45 x 25 x 13 inches)
Environmental Rating IP50
The CE Marking identifies this product as complying with all relevant directives in the European Union (EU)
HOBO 4-Channel Pulse Input Data Logger
Models UX120-017 UX120-017M
Included Items bull 4 Mounting screws bull 2 Magnets bull Hook amp loop tape bull 4 Terminal block connectors
Required Items bull HOBOware Pro 32 or later bull USB cable (included with
software)
Accessories bull Additional terminal blocks
(A-UX120-TERM-BLOCK) bull Lithium batteries (HWSB-LI)
Additional sensors and accessories available at wwwonsetcompcom
HOBO 4-Channel Pulse Input Data Logger Manual
1-800-LOGGERS 2 wwwonsetcompcom
Specifications (continued)
Plot A Time Accuracy
Logger Components and Operation
StartStop Button Press this button for 3 seconds to start or stop logging data This requires configuring the logger in HOBOware with a Button Start andor a Button Stop (see Setting up the Logger) You can also press this button for 1 second to record an internal event (see Recording Internal Logger Events)
LEDs There are three types of LEDs on the logger to indicate logger operation Logging Waiting and Activity Note that all LEDs will blink when the logger is initially powered (ie when the batteries are installed)
LED Description Logging (green)
Blinks every 2 seconds when the logger is recording data Disable this LED by selecting the Turn Off LEDs option in HOBOware
Waiting (orange)
Blinks every 2 seconds when awaiting a start because the logger was configured with Start At Interval Delayed Start or Button Start settings in HOBOware
Activity (red)
There is one Activity LED per input channel Press the Test button to activate all four Activity LEDs for 10 minutes to determine the state of the four input channels When the logger is recording data the Activity LED for the corresponding channel will blink at every pulse signal Note If you press the Test button during logging then the Activity LED will remain illuminated for any channel that has not been configured to record data
Inputs There are 4 input channels to connect the logger to external sensorsdevices
Terminal Blocks There are 4 terminal blocks included with the logger to plug into the inputs for connecting devices
Test Button Press this button to activate the Activity Lights for 10 minutes to test for contact resistance or voltage signal in any of the four input channels (see the LED table)
Mounting Holes There are four mounting holes two on each side that you can use to mount the logger to a surface (see Mounting the Logger)
USB Port This is the port used to connect the logger to the computer or the HOBO U-Shuttle via USB cable (see Setting up the Logger and Reading Out the Logger)
Setting Up the Logger Use HOBOware Pro to set up the logger including selecting the start and stop logging options configuring the input channels for specific sensor types and entering scaling factors It may be helpful to set up the logger with a Delayed Start or a Button Start first and then bring it to the location where you will mount it to connect the external sensorsdevices and test the connections before logging begins
1 Connect the logger and open the Launch window To connect the logger to a computer plug the small end of the USB cable into the side of the logger and the large end into a USB port on the computer Click the Launch icon on the HOBOware toolbar or select Launch from the Device menu
Important USB specifications do not guarantee operation outside this range of 0degC (32degF) to 50degC (122degF)
2 Select Sensor Type Each of the input channels can be configured to log the following
bull Pulse This records the number of pulse signals per logging interval (the logger records a pulse signal when the input transitions to the logic low) There are built-in scaling factors you can select for supported devices and sensors or you can set your own scaling when you select raw pulse counts You can also adjust the maximum pulse frequency and lockout time as necessary
bull State This records how long an event lasts by storing the date and time when the state of the signal or switch changes (logic state high to low or low to high) The logger checks every second for a state change but will only record a time-stamped value when the state change occurs One state change to the next represents the event duration
bull Event This records the date and time when a connected relay switch or logic low transition occurs (the logger records an event when the input transitions to the logic low) This is useful if you need to know when an event occurred but do not need to know the duration of the event You can also adjust the lockout time to debounce switches
bull Runtime This records the number of state changes that happen over a period of time The logger checks the state of the line once a second At the end of each logging
LEDs StartStop Button
USB Port
Inputs
One of Four Terminal Blocks Test Button Mounting Holes
HOBO 4-Channel Pulse Input Data Logger Manual
1-800-LOGGERS 3 wwwonsetcompcom
interval the logger records how many seconds the line was in the logic low state
3 Choose the logging interval from 1 second to a maximum of 18 hours 12 minutes and 15 seconds (available for Pulse or Runtime logging only)
4 Choose when to start logging
bull Now Logging begins immediately
bull At Interval Logging will begin at the next even interval
bull Push Button Logging will begin once you press the StartStop logging button for 3 seconds
bull On DateTime Logging will begin at a date and time you specify
5 Choose when to stop logging
bull When Memory Fills Logging will end once the logger memory is full
bull Never (wrapping) The logger will record data indefinitely with newest data overwriting the oldest
bull Push Button Logging will end once you press the StartStop logging button for 3 seconds Note If you also configured a Push Button start then you must wait 5 minutes after logging begins before you can use the button to stop logging
bull Specific Stop Date Logging will end at a date and time you specify
6 Select any other logging options as desired and finish the launch configuration Depending on the start type verify that the logging or waiting LED is blinking
Connecting Sensors Transducers or Instruments to the Logger You can connect the logger to an external sensing device using the four input channels To connect a device to the logger
1 Follow the instructions and wiring diagrams in the user manual for the device
2 Connect the device to the terminal block as directed in the device instructions
3 Plug in the terminal block into one of the four inputs (labeled 1 through 4)
4 Press the Test button as needed to activate the Activity LEDs and check whether the logger reads the pulse signal
5 Configure logger launch settings if you have not already
Notes
bull Be sure that all devices are connected before logging begins Any sensorsdevices attached after logging begins will not record accurate data
bull If connecting an E50B2 Energy amp Power Meter (T-VER-E50B2) you have the option to use the default meter settings or your own custom settings
bull If any channels have been configured to record raw pulse counts or events in HOBOware there is also an option to specify lockout time This can prevent false readings from mechanical contactclosure bouncing For more information on setting lockout time see the HOBOware Help
Determining Logging Duration for EventState Data The loggerrsquos storage capacity and logging duration varies depending on several factors including logging interval number of channels configured and the type of data being recorded This table estimates the logging duration based on recording event or state changes on one input channel with logging set to stop when the memory is full To estimate logging duration for multiple event or state channels divide the logging duration by the number of active channels If you want to know exactly how long the logger will run use pulse or runtime modes
Time Between Events
Approximate Total Data Points
Approximate Logging Duration (1 Year Battery Life)
Logger Part Number
1 to 15 seconds
346795 4 to 60 days UX120-017
2749781 32 days to 13 years UX120-017M
16 seconds to 42 minutes
260096 48 days to 21 years UX120-017
2062336 1 to 166 years UX120-017M
43 to 682 minutes
208077 16 to 27 years UX120-017
1649869 13 to 214 years UX120-017M
683 minutes to 182 hours
173397 225 to 360 years UX120-017
1374891 178 to 285 decades UX120-017M
Notes
bull Typical battery life is 1 year
bull The logger can record battery voltage data in an additional channel This is disabled by default Recording battery voltage reduces storage capacity and is generally not used except for troubleshooting
Setting Maximum Pulse Frequency When recording raw pulse counts the logger dynamically adjusts its memory usage from 4 to 32 bits instead of a typical fixed width This results in the ability to store more data using less space which in turn extends logging duration The default pulse rate is 120 Hz which is also the maximum You can adjust this rate in HOBOware (see the HOBOware Help for details) Decreasing the rate will increase logging duration The following table shows examples of how pulse rate and logging interval affect logging duration
Logging Interval
Pulse Rate (Hz)
Number of Bits Required
Approximate Total Data Points
Approximate Logging Duration
1 minute 4 8 520192 361 days
1 minute 50 12 346795 240 days
1 minute 120 16 260096 180 days
Reading Out the Logger There are two options for reading out the logger connect it to the computer with a USB cable and read out it with HOBOware or connect it to a HOBO U-Shuttle (U-DT-1 firmware version 114m030 or higher) and then offload the datafiles from the
HOBO 4-Channel Pulse Input Data Logger Manual
1-800-LOGGERS (564-4377) bull 508-759-9500 wwwonsetcompcom bull loggerhelponsetcompcom
copy 2011ndash2013 Onset Computer Corporation All rights reserved Onset HOBO and HOBOware are trademarks or registered trademarks of Onset Computer Corporation All other trademarks are the property of their respective companies
14638-E
U-Shuttle to HOBOware Refer to the HOBOware Help for more details
Recording Internal Logger Events The logger records several internal events to help track logger operation and status These events which are unrelated to state and event logging include the following
Internal Event Name Definition
Host Connected The logger was connected to the computer
Started The StartStop button was pressed to begin logging
Stopped The logger received a command to stop recording data (from HOBOware or by pushing the StartStop button)
Button UpButton Down
The StartStop button was pressed for 1 second
Safe Shutdown The battery level is 18 V the logger shut down
Mounting the Logger There are three ways to mount the logger using the materials included
bull Screw the logger to a surface with a Phillips-head screwdriver and the four mounting screws using the following dimensions
bull Attach the two magnets to the back of the logger and
then place the logger on a magnetic surface
bull Use the hook-and-loop tape to affix the logger to a surface
Protecting the Logger The logger is designed for indoor use and can be permanently damaged by corrosion if it gets wet Protect it from condensation If it gets wet remove the battery immediately and dry the circuit board It is possible to dry the logger with a hair dryer before reinstalling the battery Do not let the board get too hot You should be able to comfortably hold the board in your hand while drying it
Note Static electricity may cause the logger to stop logging The logger has been tested to 4 KV but avoid electrostatic
discharge by grounding yourself to protect the logger For more information search for ldquostatic dischargerdquo in the FAQ section on onsetcompcom
Battery Information The logger is shipped with two AA alkaline batteries You can also use 15 V AA lithium batteries when deploying the logger in cold environments Expected battery life varies based on the temperature where the logger is deployed and the frequency (the logging interval and the rate of state changes andor events) at which the logger is recording data A new battery typically lasts one year with logging intervals greater than one minute and when the input signals are normally open or in the high logic state Deployments in extremely cold or hot temperatures logging intervals faster than one minute or continuously closed contacts may reduce battery life The logger can also be powered through the USB cable connected to the computer This allows you to read out the logger when the remaining battery voltage is too low for it to continue logging Connect the logger to the computer click the Readout button on the toolbar and save the data as prompted Replace the batteries before launching the logger again To replace the batteries
1 Disconnect the logger from the computer
2 Unscrew the logger case using a Philips-head screwdriver
3 Carefully remove the two batteries
4 Insert two new AA batteries (alkaline or lithium) observing polarity When batteries are inserted correctly all LEDs blink briefly
5 Carefully realign the logger case and re-fasten the screws
WARNING Do not cut open incinerate heat above 85degC (185degF) or recharge the lithium batteries The batteries may explode if the logger is exposed to extreme heat or conditions that could damage or destroy the battery cases Do not dispose of the logger or batteries in fire Do not expose the contents of the batteries to water Dispose of the batteries according to local regulations for lithium batteries
HOBOware provides the option of recording the current battery voltage at each logging interval which is disabled by default Recording battery life at each logging interval takes up memory and therefore reduces logging duration It is recommended you only record battery voltage for diagnostic purposes
457 cm (18 inches)
1016 cm (4 inches)
The Bertreg 110 M
Plug Load Management with Measurement
If yoursquore like most facility managers you suspect that there are large potential savings from plug based loads Unfortunately you lack an easy way to document actual energy usage and savings The Bertreg Plug Load Management System with measurement‐enabled Bertreg 110M units is a brilliant solution
Measure energy use with Bertrsquos real‐time measurement features
Analyze energy use establishing optimal schedules and documenting savings
Control plug based devices throughout your facility
The Plug Load Problem
Studies show that plug based load is a large and growing source of energy use‐ estimated at 20 of energy use for offices and 25 of electricity for schools Yet many schools offices and retail locations are closed for nearly as many hours per year as they are open Bertreg provides the simple sophisticated tools to turn equipment on when buildings are occupied and off when theyrsquore not
How Bertreg Works
Each Bertreg contains a microprocessor that can communicate with the Bertbrain 1000 control software across your wireless network Bertreg can store 7‐day onoff schedules with multiple onoff commands each day This allows you to set schedules that mirror the actual operating hours of your facility and easily modify schedules throughout the year
Measure Analyze and Control
The Bertreg 110M features an energy
measurement chip that monitors the amount of
power flowing through the plug and reports this
information back to the Bertbrain 1000M
software program The measurement feature
allows you to know the actual energy
consumption of your equipment as used in your
facility rather than rely on estimates from
manufacturer spec sheets or industry studies
Load Shedding
Many utilities offer demand management or load shedding programs While you may already
have programs to reduce larger centralized loads such as air conditioning you never had a cost
effective way to add smaller distributed loads until now The Bertreg plug load management
systems makes controlling distributed loads both simple and cost effective Just hook your
water heaters air conditioners and vending machines up to Bert Using our Bertbrain
application you can set up a load shedding group and schedule Now when you have a load
shedding event with the click of a mouse you can easily turn off some or all of your plug load
devices Schedules can be created by groups of devices or type of building you can even cycle
specific buildings or devices for a preset time
ASHRAE 901 and California Title 24 Code Compliance
Since Bertreg provides both measurement and control capabilities in one system the Bertreg Plug
Load Management System helps commercial buildings comply with changes in the CA Title 24
2013 and the ASHRAE 901 2010 and 2013 Energy Codes Did you know the 2010 ASHRAE Code
requires Automatic Receptacle Control for 50 of a buildings receptacles The 2013 ASHRAE
Code requires Electrical Energy Monitoring meaning the receptacle circuits power must be
recorded at least every 15 minutes and reported hourly daily and monthly Similar
requirements are also included in the California Title 24 2013 section titled Electrical Power
Distribution Systems Not only do these code changes apply to new buildings and additions
but alterations to existing buildings such as changing 10 or your lighting load Whether you
are trying to control individual outlets with the Bertreg Smart Plugs or entire circuits with the
Bertreg Inline Series Bert makes ASHRAE 901 and CA Title 24 code compliance both affordable
and efficient
The Bertreg Advantage
Bertreg has many advantages over products such as timers or occupancy sensors Most timers
only hold a single schedule Bertreg can use multiple onoff times that will accurately reflect your
facilityrsquos true operational hours When holidays or summer breaks dictate schedule changes
new schedules are sent to Bertreg with the click of a mouse Since Bertreg is on your network Bertreg
does not have to be reset manually like timers after a power outage Occupancy sensors may
turn vending machines on when your building is unoccupied Your drinks donrsquot need to be
chilled when the cleaning crew or security guard walks by your vending machine at night
Thanks to the simple mass remote control with Bertreg your plug loads can easily be part of a
load shedding or demand curtailment program
The Bertreg Plug Load Management System
The Bertreg Plug Load Management System consists of the Bertbrain 1000 software application
your Wi‐Fi network and a virtually unlimited number of Bertsreg By simply plugging water
coolers coffee machines printers copiers etc into the Bertreg Smart Plug Series (Bertreg 110
Bertreg 110M and Bertreg Vend) or wiring circuits with the Bertreg Inline Series (Bertreg 110I Bertreg
110IR and Bertreg 220I) you can remotely measure analyze and control all of your receptacles
and circuits Bertreg runs on the existing Wi‐Fi network so all devices can be remotely controlled
in mass Each building can have a unique schedule thus turning equipment off during nights
weekends and holidays when buildings are unoccupied The Bertreg Plug Load Management
System installs quickly so energy savings are immediate and payback is 1 to 2 years
Learn more about how K‐12 schools colleges offices hospitals statelocal governments and
retailers are managing plug load with the Bertreg Plug Load Management System by visiting
httpwwwbertbraincom
Measure ‐ Analyze ‐ Control
Best Energy Reduction Technologies 840 First Avenue King of Prussia PA 19406 484‐690‐3820
Bertreg 110M Specifications (CONFIDENTIAL ndash Property of Best Energy Reduction Technologies LLC)
BERT110M_Specs 10-3-13 copy2013 Best Energy Reduction Technologies LLC
Feature Description
Dimensions 35rdquo W x 35rdquo H x 20rdquo D Weight 42 oz Operating Voltage 110 Volts Max Load Current Up to 15A Load Outlets 1 Load Plug Orientation In line with outlet
Push Button Hold 6 Seconds Turns ON Relay Hold 15 Seconds for Ad-Hoc Mode
Measurement Accuracy 5 up to 15 Amps Measurement Display Amps Volts and Watts Every 16 Seconds
Measurement Storage Up to 14 Days on the Unit Up to 3 Years in the Database
Measurement Reporting Hourly Daily Weekly Monthly and Yearly Operating Environment Indoor use
HardwareSoftware 1-Windows PC with Wireless 2-Windows 7 8 or Vista
Communication 80211(Wi-Fi) bg Compatible Protocol UDP Security 80211(WPAWPA2-PSK) (WEP 128) Certifications UL 916 ROHS FCC
PGampErsquos Emerging Technologies Program ET13PGE1063
APPENDIX D ndash ENERGY USE MONITORING RESULTS
All High-Efficacy Lighting Design for the Residential Sector Appendix D Monitored Energy Use Results
Wathen Castanos 1622
Daily load profiles for the lighting loads at the Wathen Castanos 1622 demonstration home are provided below In addition cumulative results over the course of the monitoring period are included Gaps in data are due to network errors Days with missing data were dropped from the analysis resulting in 157 days of monitored energy use spanning November 19 2014 to May 25 2015
The lighting energy use averages 300 kWh per day Extrapolating this average for an assumed usage of 365 days per year results in a calculated annual energy use of 1096 kWh
Figure 1 Total Energy Use for Wathen Castanos 1622 Demonstration Home
000
050
100
150
200
250
300
350
400
450
500
111
920
1411
24
2014
112
920
1412
42
014
129
201
412
27
2014
11
2015
16
2015
111
201
51
162
015
128
201
52
220
152
720
152
122
015
217
201
52
222
015
227
201
53
420
153
920
153
142
015
319
201
53
242
015
329
201
54
320
154
820
154
132
015
418
201
54
232
015
428
201
55
320
155
820
155
132
015
518
201
55
232
015
Daily Lighting Energy Use (kWh)
Figure 2 Weekly Energy Use for Wathen Castanos 1622 Demonstration Home
Figure 3 Energy Use for Mondays
Figure 4 Energy Use of Tuesdays
Figure 5 Energy Use of Wednesdays
Figure 6 Energy Use of Thursdays
Figure 7 Energy Use of Fridays
Figure 8 Energy Use of Saturdays
Figure 9 Energy Use of Sundays
Figure 10 Daily Energy Use over Monitoring Period
NorthWest Homes 2205
Daily lighting load profiles at the NorthWest Homes 2205 demonstration home are provided below In addition cumulative results over the course of the monitoring period are included for the 176 days monitored spanning October 29 2014 to April 20 2015
The lighting energy use averages 124 kWh per day Extrapolating this average for an assumed usage of 365 days per year results in a calculated annual energy use of 4509 kWh
Figure 11 Total Energy Use for NorthWest Homes 2205 Demonstration Home
000
050
100
150
200
250
102
920
1411
32
014
118
201
411
13
2014
111
820
1411
23
2014
112
820
1412
32
014
128
201
412
13
2014
121
820
1412
23
2014
122
820
141
220
151
720
151
122
015
117
201
51
222
015
127
201
52
120
152
620
152
112
015
216
201
52
212
015
226
201
53
320
153
820
153
132
015
318
201
53
232
015
328
201
54
220
154
720
154
122
015
417
201
5
Daily Lighting Energy Use (kWh)
Figure 12 Weekly Cumulative Energy Use for NorthWest Homes 2205 Demonstration Home
Figure 13 Energy Use for Mondays
Figure 14 Energy Use of Tuesdays
Figure 15 Energy Use of Wednesdays
Figure 16 Energy Use of Thursdays
Figure 17 Energy Use of Fridays
Figure 18 Energy Use of Saturdays
Figure 19 Energy Use of Sundays
Figure 20 Energy Use per Day over Monitoring Period Duration
Meritage Homes 3085
Daily load profiles for the ceiling fan and lighting loads at the Meritage 3085 demonstration home are provided below During post-data collection one receptacle was identified as being on the lighting circuit This is included in the 75 days of monitored energy use below spanning January 31 2015 to April 15 2015
The monitored energy use averages 356 kWh per day Extrapolating this average for an assumed usage of 365 days per year results in a calculated annual lighting related energy use of 1300 kWh
Figure 21 Total Energy Use for Meritage 3085 Demonstration Home
0
1
2
3
4
5
6
Daily Lighting Energy Use (kWh)
Figure 22 Weekly Cumulative Energy Use for Meritage 3085 Demonstration Home
Figure 23 Energy Use for Mondays
Figure 24 Energy Use of Tuesdays
Figure 25 Energy Use of Wednesdays
Figure 26 Energy Use of Thursdays
Figure 27 Energy Use of Fridays
Figure 28 Energy Use of Saturdays
Figure 29 Energy Use of Sundays
Figure 30 Energy Use per Day over Monitoring Period Duration
PGampErsquos Emerging Technologies Program ET13PGE1063
ABBREVIATIONS AND ACRONYMS
AGi32 Lighting Design Software by Lighting Analysts
AHE All High-Efficacy
CAHP California Advanced Home Program
CCT Correlated Color Temperature
CRI Color Rendering Index
Commission California Energy Commission
DEG Davis Energy Group
IES Illuminating Engineering Society
LED Light-Emitting Diode
Title 24 California Building Energy Efficiency Standards
PGampE Pacific Gas and Electric Company
Wsf Watts per square foot
ii
PGampErsquos Emerging Technologies Program ET13PGE1063
FIGURES Figure 1 Typical First Floor Electrical Plan of a Two-Story Home 14
Figure 2 Typical Second Floor Electrical Plan of a Two-Story Home 15
Figure 3 Typical Electrical Plan of a One-Story Home 16
Figure 4 Residential Kitchen Rendering with All High-Efficacy Lighting 17
Figure 5 Residential Living and Dining Room Rendering with All High-Efficacy Lighting 18
Figure 6 Multi-Family Home Building Plan 18
Figure 7 Installation Schematic of Energy Logging Equipment 21
Figure 8 Wathen Castanos Single-Family Home Floor plan 1622 24
Figure 9 NorthWest Single-Family home Floor plan 2205 26
Figure 10 Meritage First Floor Single-Family Home Floor plan 3085 28
Figure 11 Meritage Second Floor Single-Family Home Floor plan 3085 29
Figure 12 Heritage Commons Multi-Family Home Building Plan 31
Figure 13 AHE Lighting System Installation in Kitchen 33
Figure 14 AHE Lighting System Installation in Living Room 34
Figure 15 AHE Lighting System Installation in Bathroom 35
Figure 16 Total Daily Energy Use for Wathen Castanos 1622 Demonstration Home 48
Figure 17 Weekly Energy Use for Wathen Castanos 1622 Demonstration Home 48
Figure 18 Energy Use Per Day over Monitoring Period Duration 49
Figure 19 Total Energy Use for NorthWest Homes 2205 Demonstration Home 50
Figure 20 Weekly Cumulative Energy Use for NorthWest Homes 2205 Demonstration Home 51
Figure 21 Energy Use Per Day over Monitoring Period Duration 52
Figure 22 Total Energy Use for Meritage 3085 Demonstration Home 53
Figure 23 Weekly Cumulative Energy Use for Meritage 3085 Demonstration Home 54
Figure 24 Energy Use Per Day over Monitoring Period Duration 55
iii
PGampErsquos Emerging Technologies Program ET13PGE1063
TABLES Table 1 Summary Lighting Energy Use of AHE Lighting Systems 2
Table 2 High-efficacy and Low-efficacy Lamps and LuminairesError Bookmark not defined
Table 3 Minimum luminaire efficacy for high-efficacy complianceError Bookmark not defined
Table 4 Residential lighting use by socket percentageError Bookmark not defined
Table 5 Single Family Home AHE Lighting Design 9
Table 6 Multi- Family Home AHE Lighting Design 10
Table 7 Lighting for Residences per IES Handbook 10th Edition 13
Table 8 Photometric Performance Characterization 19
Table 9 Specified Monitoring Equipment 20
Table 10 Wathen Castanos 1622 AHE Lighting Design and Load Reduction over 2008 Title 24 Compliant Design 25
Table 11 NorthWest Homes 2205 AHE Lighting Design and Load Reduction over 2008 Title 24 Compliant Design 27
Table 12 Meritage 3085 AHE Lighting Design and Load Reduction over 2008 Title 24 Compliant Design 30
Table 13 Multi- Family Home AHE Lighting Design and Load Reduction over 2008 Title 24 Compliant Design 32
Table 14 Wathen Castanos 1622 AHE Light Source Cost Information 36
Table 15 NorthWest Homes 2205 AHE Light Source Cost Information 37
Table 16 Meritage 3085 AHE Light Source Cost Information 38
Table 17 Wathen Castanos 1622 Measured Illuminance 46
Table 18 Summary of Calculated and Measured Lighting Energy Use 47
iv
PGampErsquos Emerging Technologies Program ET13PGE1063
CONTENTS ABBREVIATIONS AND ACRONYMS ___________________ ERROR BOOKMARK NOT DEFINED FIGURES ______________________________________ ERROR BOOKMARK NOT DEFINED TABLES _______________________________________ ERROR BOOKMARK NOT DEFINED CONTENTS ____________________________________ ERROR BOOKMARK NOT DEFINED EXECUTIVE SUMMARY ____________________________ ERROR BOOKMARK NOT DEFINED INTRODUCTION __________________________________________________________ 3 BACKGROUND __________________________________________________________ 3 CURRENT BUILDING CODE _________________________________________________ 3 INSTALLED RESIDENTIAL LIGHTING ____________________________________________ 5 CURRENT LIGHTING DESIGN PRACTICES _______________________________________ 6 LIGHTING MARKET SURVEY _________________________________________________ 8 EMERGING PRODUCT _____________________________________________________ 8 TECHNOLOGY ASSESSMENT ________________________________________________ 11 TECHNICAL APPROACH __________________________________________________ 11 MARKET SURVEY ________________________________________________________ 11 SITE SELECTION _________________________________________________________ 12 LIGHTING DESIGN _______________________________________________________ 12 LIGHTING SYSTEM INSTALLATION ____________________________________________ 19 SYSTEM MONITORING ____________________________________________________ 19 PHOTOMETRIC PERFORMANCE _____________________________________________ 19 BUILDER AND HOMEOWNER SURVEY _________________________________________ 20 ENERGY MONITORING ___________________________________________________ 20 DATA PROCESSING AND ANALYSIS __________________________________________ 21 DATA PROCESSING ______________________________________________________ 21 DATA ANALYSIS ________________________________________________________ 22 RESULTS_______________________________________________________________ 23 MARKET SURVEY ________________________________________________________ 23
v
PGampErsquos Emerging Technologies Program ET13PGE1063
LIGHTING DESIGN _______________________________________________________ 23 LIGHTING SYSTEM INSTALLATION ____________________________________________ 32 SYSTEM PERFORMANCE EVALUATION ________________________________________ 39 SURVEY RESPONSES______________________________________________________ 39 SYSTEM MONITORING RESULTS _____________________________________________ 44 RECOMMENDATIONS ____________________________________________________ 55 APPENDIX A ndash SURVEY QUESTIONS __________________________________________ 56 APPENDIX B ndash AHE COMPLIANT PRODUCTS ___________________________________ 59 APPENDIX C ndash MEASUREMENT AND DATA COLLECTION EQUIPMENT SPECIFICATIONS ____ 67 APPENDIX D ndash ENERGY USE MONITORING RESULTS _____________________________ 127
vi
PGampErsquos Emerging Technologies Program ET13PGE1063
EXECUTIVE SUMMARY Current Title 24 Building code requirements call for use of high-efficacy lighting in a limited number of residential space types Builders are allowed to install low efficacy lighting if they also install dimming controls However significant load reduction and energy savings over current code-compliant designs can be achieved through the use of All High-Efficacy (AHE) lighting design practices Currently AHE lighting design practice utilizes application appropriate controls paired with high-quality dimmable light emitting diode (LED) luminaires or GU-24 socketed fixtures paired with GU-24 base LED replacement lamps By current code definition GU-24 base lamps are the only replacement lamps considered high-efficacy while traditional Edison screw-base sockets are considered low-efficacy In addition to limiting the source type to LED only AHE lighting requires a minimum quality standard for interior LED sources requiring a CRI rating of at least 90 and a CCT between 2700 K and 4000 K
PROJECT GOAL This effort identifies best practices for developing a cost-effective AHE residential lighting measure through the evaluation of emerging residential lighting design practices purchasing processes installation practices and the end-user experience associated with AHE lighting To identify the best practices the project team considered current residential lighting products the installed socket base in a typical home industry accepted illuminance recommendations for residential applications and current energy efficiency code compliant design practices
PROJECT DESCRIPTION Emerging residential lighting design practices purchasing processes installation practices and the end-user experience of an AHE lighting system were evaluated through energy monitoring analysis and cost information collected from multiple residential demonstration sites Demonstration data provided a quantitative understanding of the AHE lighting system benefits and barriers and through builder and homeowner surveys a qualitative understanding of the AHE residential lighting measure and user satisfaction
PROJECT RESULTS The California Lighting Technology Center (CLTC) worked with residential home builders to modify their existing lighting designs to include all AHE lighting Based on these lighting designs the estimated residential lighting load reduction achieved by installing AHE lighting packages in new single- and multi-family homes located in PGampE territory is 0 - 61 in comparison to 2008 Title 24 compliant lighting packages provided by participating builders for the same floor plan This ET study started prior to the effective date of the 2013 Title 24 code cycle so this comparison was based on the 2008 Title 24 code In 2010 an average US residence used 1556 kWh annually for lighting with a typical lighting power density of 10 to 14 Watts per square foot A summary of energy use data collected from demonstration sites with AHE lighting systems is provided in Table 1
1
PGampErsquos Emerging Technologies Program ET13PGE1063
TABLE 1 SUMMARY LIGHTING ENERGY USE OF AHE LIGHTING SYSTEMS
Site Livable Square
Footage
Lighting Schedule
Calculated Peak Load (kW)
Measured Peak Lighting Load
(kW)
Lighting Power Density
(LPD)
Calculated Annual Lighting Energy Use
(kWh)
Wathen Castanos 1622 059 046 028 10960
North West Homes 2205 071 062 028 4509
Meritage Homes 3085 112 111 036 13004
The material costs of AHE lighting systems compared to current code compliant lighting systems varied based on residential applications For example the cost of an integrated downlight with housing and trim ring that meets the AHE lighting definition is approximately $36 per unit as compared to the estimated baseline cost of $70 for a compact fluorescent lamp ballast housing and trim ring Both scenarios require equivalent installation costs In addition the cost of AHE lighting components reduced over the course of this project with integrated LED downlights that meet the AHE lighting definition ranging in price from $25 to $50 and LED replacement lamps that meet the AHE lighting definition ranging from $7 to $25 as of the time of this report Builder and homeowner survey results were collected from all three demonstration sites Builder survey results make clear that cost and code requirements are the primary drivers considered during the lighting design process Builder responses note that utility rebate and incentive programs are influential in the lighting design decision making process but less so than Title 24 requirements Compared to other building systems most builders reported lighting as having less than 1 impact on the overall home budget Builders do not anticipate issues regarding end-user adoption of dedicated LED luminaires based on their ldquohigh quality performance and longevity claimsrdquo but do make clear that it is ldquosomewhat difficultrdquo to find Title 24-compliant products for GU-24 integrated LED luminaires quick connect options and track lighting categories in todayrsquos market The majority of the homeowner survey results indicate that the AHE lighting system is either ldquobetterrdquo or ldquothe samerdquo as compared to the lighting in their previous home which was a mixture of linear fluorescent incandescent and compact fluorescent lighting technologies The majority of homeowners were ldquosatisfiedrdquo with the AHE lighting in the kitchen bathroom common living spaces bedrooms and dining room as compared to their previous home Steps were taken to update the lighting to address the ldquoextreme dissatisfactionrdquo with the garage lighting at one demonstration site
PROJECT RECOMMENDATIONS Over the duration of the project the project team identified product availability and cost barriers to the adoption of AHE lighting for residential applications Participating builders unanimously responsed that challenges for builders to be compliant with AHE lighting requirements include the economics associated with AHE lighting products and the limited availability of AHE lighting products that can be quickly purchased at a hardware store For the AHE lighting designs implemented in this study two of the three AHE lighting designs exceeded the typical lighting budget for the builders
2
PGampErsquos Emerging Technologies Program ET13PGE1063
Programmatic recommendations to overcome these barriers if enacted will help increase widespread adoption of AHE systems Lighting systems that comply with the AHE definition range in performance and cost These ranges are predominantly linked to the lighting systemrsquos electrical architecture affecting controls compatibility heat transfer and allowable installation locations system efficiency light quality light output and component cost With recent developments in LED technology and electrical architecture Edison-based replacement lamp performance has improved and cost has reduced dramatically
In addition to fixture integrated and GU-24 socket LED lighting solutions it is recommended that the AHE definition include lighting fixtures installed with Edison sockets and shipped with an Edison base source complying with the high-efficacy high-quality requirements If enacted the increased product availability and reduced cost of the Edison-based LED lamps meeting the high-efficacy high-quality requirements will help overcome barriers to the adoption of AHE lighting for residential applications
INTRODUCTION Current California building energy efficiency standards call for use of high-efficacy lighting in most residential space types however additional load reduction and energy savings can be achieved through the use of an All High-Efficacy (AHE) lighting design practice
Currently AHE lighting design practice utilizes application appropriate controls paired with dimmable high-quality high efficacy light emitting diode (LED) luminaires or high-quality high efficacy GU-24 fixtures paired with GU-24 base LED replacement lamps By current code definition GU-24 base lamps are the only replacement lamps considered high-efficacy while traditional Edison screw-base sockets are considered low-efficacy In addition to limiting the source type to LED only AHE lighting requires a minimum quality standard for interior LED sources requiring a CRI of at least 90 and a CCT between 2700 K and 4000 K Future cycles of standards are expected to continue to increase the requirements for high-efficacy lighting The California Energy Commission recently adopted a residential AHE lighting requirement for the 2016 Title 24 update on June 10 2015 In response to increased development and availability of residential AHE lighting products and their potential for energy savings and lighting quality improvement over current code-compliant lighting systems PGampE is interested in gathering data to inform future changes to building and appliance efficiency standards To achieve this goal verification of market availability lighting load reduction energy savings and system performance is needed to support the residential AHE lighting design practice
BACKGROUND CURRENT BUILDING CODE
The California Energy Commission (Commission) estimates its energy efficiency standards have saved Californians over $74 billion in electricity costs since they were first adopted in
3
PGampErsquos Emerging Technologies Program ET13PGE1063
1975 For homeowners energy efficiency helps ensure that a home is affordable to operate both now and in the future Californiarsquos efficiency standards increase the reliability and availability of electricity thus allowing our electrical system to operate in a more stable manner This benefits Californiarsquos economy as well as the health and well-being of all Californians The Commission adopted the 2013 Building Energy Efficiency Standards (Title 24) on May 31 2012 and the Building Standards Commission approved them for publication on January 11 2013 Applications for building permits submitted on or after July 1 2014 must adhere to the 2013 Title 24 language The 2013 Title 24 standards place a strong emphasis on high-efficacy lighting lighting controls and high performance fenestration products It is expected that future code cycles will continue this trend In order to be considered high-efficacy luminaires must be designed to operate with only energy-efficient light sources GU-24 base lamps are the only replacement lamps considered high-efficacy by definition traditional Edison screw-base sockets are considered low-efficacy Per 2013 Title 24 luminaires and lamps listed in Table 2 are considered either high-efficacy or low-efficacy regardless of measured performance
TABLE 2 HIGH-EFFICACY AND LOW-EFFICACY LAMPS AND LUMINAIRES
Low-efficacy High-efficacy
Mercury vapor lamps Pin-based linear fluorescent or CFLs with electronic ballasts
Line-voltage or low-voltage sockets compatible with any kind of incandescent lamps
Pulse-start metal halide lamps
High-efficacy lamps including screw-base CFLs and LED lamps installed in low-efficacy luminaires
High-pressure sodium lamps
Luminaires using LED light sources not certified to the Commission Induction lamps
Track lighting GU-24 sockets rated for CFLs or LED lamps Lighting systems that allow for conversion between high-efficacy and low-efficacy lighting without changing wiring or housing
Luminaires using LED light sources that have been certified to the Energy Commission
Luminaire housings rated by the manufacturer for use with only LED light engines
4
PGampErsquos Emerging Technologies Program ET13PGE1063
Permanently installed luminaires not included in Table 1 may only be considered high-efficacy if they meet the efficacy requirements of Table 3
TABLE 3 MINIMUM LUMINAIRE EFFICACY FOR HIGH-EFFICACY COMPLIANCE
Luminaire Power Rating Minimum Luminaire Efficacy 5 watts or less 30 lumens per watt
Over 5 watts to 15 watts 45 lumens per watt Over 15 watts to 40 watts 60 lumens per watt Over 40 watts 90 lumens per watt
In addition to increasing requirements for high-efficacy lighting in the home the 2013 Title 24 standards set a minimum quality standard for integral LED luminaires and LED light engines These quality standards can be found in the Joint Appendices (JA) Section 81 LED luminaires must have a CRI of at least 90 to be defined as high efficacy Indoor LED luminaires must have a CCT between 2700K and 4000K Outdoor LED luminaires may have any CCT rating between 2700 K and 5000 K
INSTALLED RESIDENTIAL LIGHTING As of 2010 there were a total of 113153000 residences in the United States2 In these residences 62 of lamps were incandescent 23 were CFLs 10 were linear fluorescent 4 were halogen and less than 1 was other luminaire types including LED replacement lamps and integrated LED luminaires3 About 90-95 of these luminaires are considered low-efficacy under 2013 Title 24 These homes used an average of 46 watts per lamp4 and had about 51 lamps per residence5 only 3 lamps per home incorporated dimming controls6 These lights operate for an average of 18 hours per day averaging 1556 kWh of electricity use a year and have a lighting power density between 10 and 14 watts per square foot of interior space7 There are still a very high number of incandescent lamps in use and most CFL lamps are equipped with screw bases and are considered low-efficacy by Title 24 as shown in Table 4
1 California Energy Commission 2013 Building Energy Efficiency Standards httpwwwenergycagovtitle242013standards 2 US DOE 2010 US Lighting Market Characterization pg 37 table 410 httpapps1eereenergygovbuildingspublicationspdfsssl2010-lmc-final-jan-2012pdf 3 US DOE 2010 US Lighting Market Characterization pg 39 table 412 httpapps1eereenergygovbuildingspublicationspdfsssl2010-lmc-final-jan-2012pdf 4 US DOE 2010 US Lighting Market Characterization pg 40 table 413 httpapps1eereenergygovbuildingspublicationspdfsssl2010-lmc-final-jan-2012pdf 5 US DOE 2010 US Lighting Market Characterization pg 42 table 415 httpapps1eereenergygovbuildingspublicationspdfsssl2010-lmc-final-jan-2012pdf 6 US DOE Residential Lighting End-Use Consumption Study pg 48 table 46 httpapps1eereenergygovbuildingspublicationspdfsssl2012_residential-lighting-studypdf 7 US DOE 2010 US Lighting Market Characterization pg 42 table 415 httpapps1eereenergygovbuildingspublicationspdfsssl2010-lmc-final-jan-2012pdf
5
PGampErsquos Emerging Technologies Program ET13PGE1063
TABLE 4 RESIDENTIAL LIGHTING USE BY SOCKET PERCENTAGE
Room Type Electricity
use per room (kWhyr)
Incandescent CFL Linear
Fluorescent Halogen Other
Total Sockets per Home ()8
Bathroom 242 74 20 3 2 1 18
LivingFamily Room 228 61 29 3 5 1 14
Bedroom 222 67 28 2 3 0 16
Kitchen 215 45 23 22 7 3 13
Exterior 214 59 24 2 14 2 11
Hall 111 72 22 2 4 1 8
Dining Room 105 81 15 1 3 0 6
Garage 69 35 13 51 1 0 5
Office 41 58 27 8 6 0 4
Closet 32 60 20 17 2 0 NA
Basement 28 40 30 28 1 0 NA
OtherUnknown 26 53 17 24 6 0 5
LaundryUtility Room 25 50 19 28 2 0 NA
Current estimates expect a 122 annual growth rate for the square footage of residences9 LEDs are expected to expand their market presence representing 25 of the installed base of lumen-hours by 2020 and 62 by 203010
While the 2013 Title 24 standards are a significant step toward the AHE lighting home there are still allowances for low-efficacy lighting solutions As a result traditional low-efficacy lighting technologies remain a viable option for builders despite rising market availability and performance of high-efficacy solutions Future cycles of Title 24 are expected to continue to increase the requirements for high-efficacy lighting potentially moving to an AHE lighting design
CURRENT LIGHTING DESIGN PRACTICES The project team surveyed residential builders lighting designers and electrical distributors with businesses in PGampE territory to assess the current and anticipated lighting design practices being implemented in residential new construction for the period from 2013 to 2016
Participants in the survey include James Benya of Benya Burnett Consultancy Pam Whitehead of Sage Architecture Katie Lesh of Lumenscom and Adele Chang of Lim Chang Rohling amp Associates The trends gathered in the survey are outlined below
8 Energy Star CFL Market Profile Page 23 Table 11 httpwwwenergystargoviaproductsdownloadsCFL_Market_Profile_2010pdf 9 Navigant Consulting Energy Savings Potential of Solid State Lighting in General Illumination Applications pg 6 httpapps1eereenergygovbuildingspublicationspdfssslssl_energy_savi_ntial_finalpdf 10 US DOE Energy Savings Potential of Solid State Lighting in General Illumination Applications pg 39 httpapps1eereenergygovbuildingspublicationspdfssslssl_energy-savings-report_jan-2012pdf
6
PGampErsquos Emerging Technologies Program ET13PGE1063
bull In most production style homes designers anticipate gradual change out from CFL to LED Today there is a mix of fluorescent and LED being installed as the LED price point is falling
bull Designers anticipate increasing market penetration for LEDs for segments of residential population focused on improved color rendition in interior and exterior applications
bull LED solutions are installed mostly in ambient interior lighting applications such as down lights under cabinet lighting and cove lighting
o High-end homes are more likely to specify four-inch aperture down lights o Built-in lighting fixtures such as down lights are also commonly found in
multi-tenant units as a space saving feature or as an upgrade in single family homes
bull LED solutions are also installed today in niche interior accent lighting such as handrails displays toe kicks
bull LED solutions are installed today in some outdoor applications such as tree up-lights bollards integrated step lights in-water lighting hardscape outlining and other niche lighting
bull LED solutions are trending towards color changing capabilities bull Lighting control systems are becoming prevalent in high-end housing with wireless
solutions allowing for more retrofit market penetration bull From distributorrsquos perspective LEDs are the top seller for todayrsquos residential market bull From the designerrsquos perspective LEDs rarely gets specified due to high price point
7
PGampErsquos Emerging Technologies Program ET13PGE1063
LIGHTING MARKET SURVEY The project team completed a product survey and review of current market information to determine the feasibility of implementing an AHE lighting design using existing AHE technologies The lighting fixtures included in this report are appropriate for various space types in the residential application as determined by lighting design principles to achieve application appropriate light levels A sample of lighting fixtures fulfilling the AHE definition (as of September 2014) are included in Appendix B Types of lighting fixtures included are ceiling-mounted recessed ceiling-mounted surface ceiling-mounted suspended wall mounted under cabinet and vanity
EMERGING PRODUCT The AHE lighting design practice utilizes application appropriate controls paired with dimmable light emitting diode (LED) fixtures or GU-24 socketed fixtures paired with GU-24 base LED replacement lamps By current code definition GU-24 base lamps are the only replacement lamps considered high-efficacy while traditional Edison screw-base sockets are considered low-efficacy In addition to limiting the source type to LED only AHE lighting requires a minimum quality standard for interior LED sources requiring a CRI of at least 90 and a CCT between 2700 K and 4000 K Based on floor plans provided by participating builders and results from the lighting product market survey the project team modeled AHE lighting designs to demonstrate the potential for an all AHE lighting design to meet lighting requirements and deliver energy savings as compared to current code-compliant lighting systems The project team conducted design charrettes for both single family (1870 square feet) and multi-family (605 square feet) homes The resulting AHE lighting packages are provided in Table 5 and Table 6 respectively These packages represent a sample of emerging products currently available to meet the AHE requirements
8
PGampErsquos Emerging Technologies Program ET13PGE1063
TABLE 5 SINGLE FAMILY HOME AHE LIGHTING DESIGN
Space Type AHE Fixture Fixture Load (W)
Quantity Total Load (W)
Kitchen Cree CR6 12 6 72
Under cabinet
Unilume 18 2 36
85 1 85
Nook Philips LED Chandelier 225 1 225
Pantry Cree CR6 12 1 12
Great Room Cree CR6 12 4 48
Entry Cree CR6 12 2 24
Hallways Cree CR6 12 3 36
Office Cree CR6 12 1 12
Bathroom 2 GU-24 Vanity with Illumis
Lamps 137 3 411
Water Closet Cree CR6 12 1 12
Bedroom 2 Cree CR6 12 2 24
Bedroom 3 Cree CR6 12 2 24
Coat Closet Cree CR6 12 1 12
Utility Room Cree CS14 38 1 38
Garage Cree CS14 38 1 38
Porch Cree CR6 12 6 72
Exterior Wall Sconce Borden 774 LED 14 4 56
Master Bedroom Cree CR6 12 4 48
Master Closet Cree CS14 38 1 38
Master Bathroom
GU-24 Vanity with Illumis
Lamps 137 3 411
Cree CR6 12 2 24
Water Closet Cree CR6 12 1 12
TOTAL 7512
9
PGampErsquos Emerging Technologies Program ET13PGE1063
TABLE 6 MULTI- FAMILY HOME AHE LIGHTING DESIGN
Space Type AHE Fixture
Fixture Load (W)
Fixture Quantity
Total Load (W)
Kitchen Cree CR6 12 4 48
Dining Philips Ledino Pendant
225 1 225
Entry Cree CR6 12 1 12
Bath GU-24 Vanity with Illumis
Lamps 137 3 411
Cree CR6 12 1 12
Exterior Wall Sconce Borden 774 14 1 14
TOTAL (W) 1496
10
PGampErsquos Emerging Technologies Program ET13PGE1063
TECHNOLOGY ASSESSMENT
The project team evaluated the residential lighting design purchasing process installation and end-user experience associated with AHE lighting systems through quantitative and qualitative analysis The technical approach employs the use of a product and market survey field deployments in PGampE territory and demonstration system performance evaluations Builder and homeowner end-user surveys provided a qualitative understanding of the AHE lighting measure and user satisfaction The quantitative evaluation included energy monitoring and cost information collection for AHE lighting systems installed at the residential demonstration sites In addition this report includes identified barriers and required next steps necessary for development of energy efficiency programs targeting residential lighting energy savings
TECHNICAL APPROACH This effort identifies best practices for developing a cost-effective AHE residential lighting measure through the evaluation of emerging residential lighting design practices purchasing processes installation practices and the end-user experience associated with AHE lighting The project team considered the following criteria to identify the best practices current residential lighting market offerings industry accepted illuminance recommendations for residential applications current energy efficiency code compliant design practices and installed sockets in the typical residential home The project team installed AHE lighting systems in three new homes where builder and homeowner feedback was gathered regarding the lighting The project team collected lighting system performance and energy use data
The project team conducted the technical approach to evaluate the AHE lighting system in six parts the confirmation of commercially available AHE lighting products through a market survey demonstration site selection development of AHE lighting designs for selected demonstration sites installation of AHE lighting systems at demonstration sites monitoring of AHE lighting system performance and the reduction and analysis of the collected performance data
MARKET SURVEY The project team implemented a survey to collect current market information regarding the feasibility of implementing an AHE lighting design with commercially available lighting products Steps were taken to review all publically available residential lighting manufacturer literature through dialogues with manufacturers about their current and future AHE lighting product offerings examination of manufacturer websites and discussions with distributors in PGampE territory The project team updated the fixture survey over the course
11
PGampErsquos Emerging Technologies Program ET13PGE1063
of this effort allowing for analysis of cost and performance trends of AHE lighting products A copy of the complete market survey is provided in the appendices
SITE SELECTION Davis Energy Group (DEG) identified residential builders in PGampE territory during the summer of 2013 DEG used the following methods to identify builder candidates and encourage participation webinar presentation of opportunity to PGampE California Advanced Home Program (CAHP) builders and other attendees leveraging DEGrsquos participation in LEED for Homes in California and DOE Building America to discuss participation with other member organizations and outreach activities with the builder utility and code compliance community Of the identified builders the project team prioritized those who were willing to install AHE lighting systems and participate in the associated installation survey experience The project team required participating builders to sell select AHE homes to homeowners willing to comply with up to one year of site monitoring and participation in a survey to evaluate their satisfaction with the AHE lighting system The project team incentivized builders who adhered to these criteria to install the AHE lighting systems Builders provided electrical plans to the project team to allow for the AHE lighting system design update At the time of the design builders submitted plans that adhered to 2008 Title 24 code requirements Residential builders that declined to participate in advanced measures including AHE lighting systems for their new construction homes cited varying reasons including concern that the systems would be a lsquodistractionrsquo no interest in new building methods and not being lsquokeen on utility programsrsquo One builder provided insight into the industry as of July 7 2013 saying ldquoUnderstand that the timing of this could not be worse for you with new home construction on the rebound ALL builders are stretched at the moment and labor and material shortages are starting to hit across the nation
LIGHTING DESIGN Using lighting design software (AGi32) to create a model of a two-story home the project team simulated AHE lighting system performance to confirm that it could provide application appropriate illumination levels The project team referenced the Illuminating Engineering Society (IES) recommended light levels for this work by space type per IES Handbook 10th Edition shown in Table 7 Wathen Castanos Hybrid Homes Inc a builder participant in this study provided the representative two-story floor plans shown in Figures 1 and 2 Figure 3 shows a typical floor plan for a one-story home also provided by Wathen Castanos Hybrid Homes Inc
12
PGampErsquos Emerging Technologies Program ET13PGE1063
TABLE 7 LIGHTING FOR RESIDENCES PER IES HANDBOOK 10TH EDITION
Application and Task
Horizontal Illuminance
Target (Avg fc)
Vertical Illuminance
Target (Avg fc)
Notes
Living Room 3 3 E_h floor
E_v 4AFF
Dining Room
Formal 5 2 E_h table plane E_v 4AFF
Informal 10 4 E_h table plane E_v 4AFF
Study Use 20 5 E_h table plane E_v 4AFF
Kitchen
Breakfast Area 20 5 E_h eating surfaces
E_v 4AFF
Cabinets - 5 E_v face of cabinets
Cooktops 30 5 E_h cooking surfaces
General 5 - E_h floor
Preparation Counters 50 75 E_h prep surfaces
Sinks 30 5 E_h top of sink
13
PGampErsquos Emerging Technologies Program ET13PGE1063
FIGURE 1 TYPICAL FIRST FLOOR ELECTRICAL PLAN OF A TWO-STORY HOME
14
PGampErsquos Emerging Technologies Program ET13PGE1063
FIGURE 2 TYPICAL SECOND FLOOR ELECTRICAL PLAN OF A TWO-STORY HOME
15
PGampErsquos Emerging Technologies Program ET13PGE1063
FIGURE 3 TYPICAL ELECTRICAL PLAN OF A ONE-STORY HOME
16
PGampErsquos Emerging Technologies Program ET13PGE1063
The project team modeled the AHE lighting design that best achieved recommended light levels fully for the living room dining room and kitchen Figure 4 and Figure 5 show renderings of the residential dwelling designed to light levels called out in Table 7 This design resulted in a lighting power density of 02 Watts per square foot (Wsf) for the living room 023 Wsf for the dining room and 050 Wsf for the kitchen
FIGURE 4 RESIDENTIAL KITCHEN RENDERING WITH ALL HIGH-EFFICACY LIGHTING
17
PGampErsquos Emerging Technologies Program ET13PGE1063
FIGURE 5 RESIDENTIAL LIVING AND DINING ROOM RENDERING WITH ALL HIGH-EFFICACY LIGHTING
The project team also evaluated the potential of an AHE design for a multi-family home The multi-family-home building plans provided by builder participants include specifications for dedicated socket types but did not specify source wattages A copy of this floor plan is provided in Figure 6
FIGURE 6 MULTI-FAMILY HOME BUILDING PLAN
18
PGampErsquos Emerging Technologies Program ET13PGE1063
LIGHTING SYSTEM INSTALLATION Participating builders installed site specific AHE lighting designs No issues were encountered during the installation of the AHE lighting designs Builders anecdotally reported that AHE lighting components are similar if not the same to install as legacy products The project team conducted site visits to verify correct operation of the lighting system and assess the electrical service architecture for use in finalizing the measurement and verification plan
SYSTEM MONITORING The project team collected data on the photometric performance energy consumption and builder and homeowner satisfaction with the AHE lighting systems The tools and methods employed to collect data are provided in the following sections Copies of builder and homeowner surveys are included in Appendix A of this report and the responses are provided in the results section
PHOTOMETRIC PERFORMANCE The project team characterized the photometric performance of the installed AHE lighting systems using recommended practices from the Illuminating Engineering Societyrsquos The Lighting Handbook Tenth Edition The Lighting for Residential Applications chapter references target residential applications and tasks with specific lighting requirements The project team collected illuminance data for the living room kitchen and dining room applications and compared it to recommended residential illuminance target values provided in Table 7 Equipment used to gather illuminance data is provided in Table 8
TABLE 8 PHOTOMETRIC PERFORMANCE CHARACTERIZATION
Measurement Manufacturer Model Image
Illuminance (footcandles fc) Konica Minolta T-10A
19
PGampErsquos Emerging Technologies Program ET13PGE1063
BUILDER AND HOMEOWNER SURVEY To capture builder and homeowner end-user experiences with the AHE lighting systems demonstrated in this project the project team developed survey tools to collect feedback in a rigorous manner The results of the surveys will be used to better understand barriers to market adoption of AHE lighting systems Copies of each survey are included in Appendix A
ENERGY MONITORING The project team specified metering equipment for installation at the participating demonstration homes to monitor lighting system energy use The accuracy of the circuit-level metering equipment meets the accuracy requirements of the ANSI C121 standard when used with Continental Control System current transformers rated for IEEE C5713 class 06 accuracy The project team determined that the receptacle loads and lighting loads are on the same circuit for two of the three demonstration homes To separate the lighting and receptacle loads the project team specified and installed receptacle-level monitoring equipment to allow for updated energy use monitoring in the amendment to this report The specified receptacle monitoring equipment has a rated accuracy of 5 when monitoring up to a 15 amp load Table 9 lists the equipment specified for use at the participating demonstration homes
TABLE 9 SPECIFIED MONITORING EQUIPMENT
Monitoring Equipment Type Model
AC Power Measurement Device WattNode RWNB-3Y-208-P
Current Transformers CCS CTL-1250
Data Logger HOBO UX120-017M
Receptacle Power Quality Recorder BERT Smart Plug 110M
The project team deployed the measurement and verification equipment at the demonstration homes as shown in Figure 7 to collect lighting energy use data in one minute intervals The project team deployed monitoring equipment at each receptacle that is on a circuit shared with lighting loads
20
PGampErsquos Emerging Technologies Program ET13PGE1063
FIGURE 7 INSTALLATION SCHEMATIC OF ENERGY LOGGING EQUIPMENT
DATA PROCESSING AND ANALYSIS The project team collected data at each demonstration site for an extended monitoring period determined for each demonstration site based on the occupancy date of the demonstration home The project team downloaded data intermittently to verify operation of equipment for processing and analysis
DATA PROCESSING To process the data the project team consolidated the raw data streams generated from the multiple lighting and receptacle data loggers into one master comma separated value (csv) file based on time stamp correlation The number of raw data streams varied from site to site based on the lighting and receptacle circuitry of each demonstration home
WATHEN CASTANOS 1622 Energy use data collected at the Wathen Castanos 1622 demonstration site consisted of one data stream of circuit level energy use at one minute resolution and 30 receptacle energy
21
PGampErsquos Emerging Technologies Program ET13PGE1063
use data streams at one hour resolution The project team binned circuit level energy use into hour resolution to allow for circuit and receptacle data to be analyzed together
NORTHWEST 2205 Energy use data collected at the NorthWest 2205 demonstration site consisted of one data stream of circuit level energy use at one minute resolution and 27 receptacle energy use data streams at one hour resolution The project team binned circuit level energy use into hour resolution to allow for circuit and receptacle data to be analyzed together
MERITAGE 3085 Energy use data collected at the Meritage 3085 demonstration site consisted of two data streams of circuit level energy use at one minute resolution The project team binned circuit level energy use into hour resolution to allow for direct comparison to the other demonstration homes
DATA ANALYSIS
WATHEN CASTANOS 1622 The project team collected lighting and receptacle energy use data for 177 days The project team identified plug load lighting by site walk confirmation and confirmed via data reduction of the receptacle energy monitoring data The project team applied one-time power factors (PF) measurements of the entertainment center appliances were applied to receptacle data streams to scale the load according to the appliance state (onoffstandby) Summed energy use resulting in negative energy use was is attributed to receptacle load energy use and negative values were zeroed to more accurately reflect actual energy use
NORTHWEST 2205 The project team collected lighting and receptacle energy use data for 176 days The project team identified plug load lighting by site walk and confirmed during data reduction of the receptacle energy monitoring data based on known light source wattages The project team determined data streams with one time load peaks of 300 Watts or greater to be outliers and dropped from the analysis The project team categorized peak loads of less than or equal to 70 Watts as lighting loads based on typical residential receptacle use Peak loads greater than 70 Watts were categorized as other loads The project team applied one-time power factors (PF) measurements of the entertainment center appliances to receptacle data streams to scale the load according to the appliance state (onoffstandby) Summed energy use resulting in negative energy use is attributed to receptacle load energy use Negative values were zeroed to more accurately reflect lighting energy use
MERITAGE 3085 The project team collected lighting and ceiling fan energy use data for 75 days Ceiling fan loads and one receptacle in the office were determined to be on the lighting circuit during the data reduction process and are included in the energy use analysis
22
PGampErsquos Emerging Technologies Program ET13PGE1063
RESULTS The project team evaluated AHE lighting systems for their capacity to reduce residential lighting loads provide residential energy savings and deliver application appropriate light levels This work included a market survey site selection lighting design lighting system installation monitoring of the system performance and data analysis
MARKET SURVEY To collect current lighting market information pertaining to the feasibility of implementing an AHE lighting design with commercially available lighting products the project team completed a review of all available residential lighting manufacturer literature This included dialogues with manufacturers about their current and future AHE lighting product offerings examination of manufacturer websites and discussions with distributors in PGampE territory The project team updated the results of the survey over the course of this effort allowing for cost and performance trend analysis of AHE lighting product offerings The AHE lighting product types included in this report are recessed downlight under cabinets wall-mount vanity surface ceiling-mount suspended ceiling-mount and wall-mount sconce light fixtures and are appropriate for residential applications as determined by lighting design illuminance level and uniformity requirements All fixtures fulfilling the AHE lighting system definition at the time of this report are included in the All High-Efficacy Lighting Design Guide provided in Appendix B
LIGHTING DESIGN Based on the lighting market survey results and each demonstration site building plan preliminary AHE lighting layouts were designed preliminary layouts were modeled to confirm that the design provides application appropriate illumination levels and the final iteration of the design was specified for installation in the demonstration sites The project team referenced the IES Handbook 10th Edition recommended light levels for this work by space type Referenced illumination levels are provided in Table 7 Three builders were selected to install AHE lighting designs Wathen Castanos NorthWest Homes and Meritage Homes Each participating builder provided a new construction single-family homes of varying square footage Wathen Castanos provided a single-family home building plan for their 1622 square foot floor plan shown in Figure 8
23
PGampErsquos Emerging Technologies Program ET13PGE1063
FIGURE 8 WATHEN CASTANOS SINGLE-FAMILY HOME FLOOR PLAN 1622
Table 10 contains the specified lighting design and calculated load reduction over the 2008-compliant lighting design the builder typically implemented at the time of this installation The specifications define dedicated sockets types but do not specify source wattages The project team specified possible low and high source wattages for socket types in the lsquooriginalrsquo lighting package in Table 10 In comparison to the 2008 Title 24 compliant design
24
PGampErsquos Emerging Technologies Program ET13PGE1063
the AHE lighting package resulted in a calculated load reduction of 35 to 59 for the one-story single-family home
TABLE 10 WATHEN CASTANOS 1622 AHE LIGHTING DESIGN AND LOAD REDUCTION OVER 2008 TITLE 24 COMPLIANT DESIGN
Space Type Non AHE fixture
type (builder original)
Low Load (W)
High Load (W)
Quantity
Low Load Total (W)
High Load Total (W)
AHE Fixture
AHE Load (W)
AHE Quantity
AHE Total Load (W)
Kitchen Fluorescent Downlight 13 26 6 78 156 Cree CR6 12 6 72
Dining Ceiling Fan
Incandescent Light Kit
40 60 4 160 240 Satco LED
Lamps 98 5 49
Cree CR6 12 2 24
Great Room Fluorescent
Surface Mount Fixture
13 26 1 13 26 Cree CR6 12 4 48
Master Bedroom
Ceiling Fan Incandescent
Light Kit 40 60 4 160 240 Cree CR6 12 4 48
Master Bathroom
Fluorescent Downlight 13 26 3 39 78 Cree CR6 12 3 36
Fluorescent
Vanity 26 52 2 52 104 Satco LED
Lamps 98 8 784
Master Closet
Linear Fluorescent
Fixture (4 lamp) 112 128 1 112 128 Cree
CS14 37 1 37
Bedroom (2) Fluorescent
Surface Mount Fixture
13 26 2 26 52 Cree CR6 12 2 24
Bedroom (3)Study
Fluorescent Surface Mount
Fixture 13 26 2 26 52 Cree CR6 12 2 24
Bathroom Fluorescent Downlight 13 26 2 26 26
Satco LED
Lamps 98 2 196
Fluorescent Vanity 13 26 3 39 78
Satco LED
Lamps 98 3 294
Laundry Fluorescent Downlight 13 26 1 13 26
Satco LED
Lamps 98 2 196
Garage Linear
Fluorescent Fixture (4 lamp)
112 128 1 112 128 Cree CS14 37 1 37
Entry Fluorescent
Surface Mount Fixture
13 26 2 26 52 Cree CR6 12 2 24
Hallway Fluorescent
Surface Mount Fixture
13 26 2 26 52 Cree CR6 12 2 24
TOTAL 908 1438 594
AHE Load Reduction 346 587
25
PGampErsquos Emerging Technologies Program ET13PGE1063
NorthWest Homes provided a single-story single-family home building plan using their 2205 square foot floor plan shown in Figure 9
FIGURE 9 NORTHWEST SINGLE-FAMILY HOME FLOOR PLAN 2205
Table 11 contains the specified lighting design and calculated load reduction over the 2008 compliant lighting design the builder typically implemented at the time of this installation The specifications define dedicated sockets types but do not specify source wattages The project team specified possible low and high source wattages for socket types in the lsquooriginalrsquo lighting package in Table 11 In comparison to the 2008 Title 24 compliant design the lighting package resulted in a calculated load reduction of 37 to 61 for the one-story single-family home
26
PGampErsquos Emerging Technologies Program ET13PGE1063
TABLE 11 NORTHWEST HOMES 2205 AHE LIGHTING DESIGN AND LOAD REDUCTION OVER 2008 TITLE 24 COMPLIANT DESIGN
Space Type
Non AHE fixture type
(builder original)
Low Load (W)
High Load (W)
Quantity
Low Load Total (W)
High Load Total (W)
AHE Fixture
AHE Load (W)
AHE Quantity
AHE Total Load (W)
Kitchen Can Fluorescent 13 26 6 78 156 Cree CR6 12 6 72
Nook Ceiling Light Incandescent 40 43 1 40 43 Cree CR6 12 1 12
Pantry Can Fluorescent 13 26 1 13 26 Cree CR6 12 1 12
Great Room Fan with Light 13 43 3 39 129 Cree CR6 12 4 48
Flush Incandescent 40 43 1 40 43 - - - -
Entry Ceiling Light Incandescent 40 43 2 80 86 Cree CR6 12 2 24
Hallways Flush Incandescent 40 43 3 120 129 Cree CR6 12 3 36
Office Ceiling Light Incandescent 40 43 1 40 43 Cree CR6 12 1 12
Bathroom 2
Wall mount Incandescent 40 43 2 80 86 Illumis
Lamps 411 1 411
Water Closet
Ceiling Light Incandescent 40 43 1 40 43 Cree CR6 12 1 12
Bedroom 2 Fan with Light 13 43 3 39 129 Cree CR6 12 2 24
Bedroom 3 Fan with Light 13 43 3 39 129 Cree CR6 12 2 24
Coat Closet
Can Fluorescent 13 26 1 13 26 Cree CR6 12 1 12
Utility Room
Ceiling Linear Fluorescent 28 32 1 28 32 Cree CR6 12 2 24
Garage Ceiling Linear Fluorescent 28 32 3 84 96 Cree
CS14 38 1 38
Porch Ceiling Light Fluorescent 13 26 6 78 156 Cree CR6 12 6 72
Exterior Wall mount Fluorescent 13 26 4 52 104 Illumis
Lamps 137 4 548 Wall Sconce Master
Bedroom Fan with Light 13 43 3 39 129 Cree CR6 12 4 48
Master Closet
Ceiling Linear Fluorescent 28 32 1 28 32 Cree CR6 12 2 24
Master Bathroom
Wall mount Incandescent 40 43 2 80 86 Illumis
Lamps 411 2 822
Ceiling Light Fluorescent 13 26 2 26 52 Cree CR6 12 2 24
Water Closet
Ceiling Light Incandescent 40 43 1 40 43 Cree CR6 12 1 12
TOTAL
1116 1798
7081
AHE Load Reduction 366 606
27
PGampErsquos Emerging Technologies Program ET13PGE1063
Meritage Homes provided a two-story single-family home building plan for their 3085 square foot floor plan shown in Figure 10 and Figure 11
FIGURE 10 MERITAGE FIRST FLOOR SINGLE-FAMILY HOME FLOOR PLAN 3085
28
PGampErsquos Emerging Technologies Program ET13PGE1063
FIGURE 11 MERITAGE SECOND FLOOR SINGLE-FAMILY HOME FLOOR PLAN 3085
Table 12 contains the specified AHE lighting design and calculated load reduction over the 2008 compliant lighting design the builder typically implemented at the time of this installation The specifications define dedicated sockets types but do not specify source wattages The project team specified possible low and high source wattages for socket types in the lsquooriginalrsquo lighting package in Table 12 In comparison to the 2008 Title 24 compliant design the AHE lighting package resulted in a calculated load reduction of 0 to 11 for the two-story single-family home
29
PGampErsquos Emerging Technologies Program ET13PGE1063
TABLE 12 MERITAGE 3085 AHE LIGHTING DESIGN AND LOAD REDUCTION OVER 2008 TITLE 24 COMPLIANT DESIGN
Space Type
Non AHE fixture type
(builder original)
Low Load (W)
High Load (W)
Quantity
Low Load Total (W)
High Load Total (W)
AHE Fixture AHE Source AHE
Fixture Load (W)
Quantity AHE Total Load (W)
Great Room FanDome 26 52 1 26 52 FanDome CREE CR6 12 4 48
Kitchen Fluorescent downlight 13 26 4 52 104 LED
Downlight Cree CR6 12 4 48
Fluorescent Undercabinet 19 37 2 38 74 - - - - -
Optional Pendant 13 26 2 26 52 LED
Pendant CREE TW 135 2 27
Closet 13 26 13 26 LED Dome Cree TW 135 2 27
Powder Room Vanity 26 52 1 26 52 Vanity CREE TW 135 2 27
Dining Fluorescent downlight 13 26 1 13 26 LED
Chandelier Illumis Lamp 137 5 685
Owners Entry Dome 13 26 1 13 26 Dome CREE TW 135 2 27
Pocket Office Fluorescent downlight 13 26 1 13 26 LED
Downlight Cree CR6 12 1 12
Nook Fluorescent downlight 13 26 1 13 26 LED
Downlight Cree CR6 12 2 24
Pantry Fluorescent downlight 13 26 1 13 26 LED
Downlight Cree CR6 12 2 24
Porch Recessed 13 26 1 13 26 Exterior Ceiling Cree CR6 12 2 24
Exterior lights Wall mount 13 26 1 13 26 Wall Mount Exterior Illumis Lamp 137 3 411
Garage 1x4 T8 Fixture 60 70 1 60 70 1x4 T8 Fixture CREE T8 44 2 88
Foyer Fluorescent downlight 13 26 1 13 26 LED
Downlight Cree CR6 12 2 24
Stairs Fluorescent downlight 13 26 1 13 26 LED
Downlight Cree CR6 12 2 24
Linen closet Fluorescent downlight 13 26 1 13 26 LED
Downlight Cree CR6 12 1 12
Bathroom Vanity 26 52 1 26 52 Vanity CREE TW 27 1 27
Hallway Fluorescent downlight 13 26 1 13 26
Integrated LED Downlight
Cree CR6 12 4 48
Laundry 1x4 T8 Fixture 60 70 1 60 70 1x4 T8 Fixture CREE T8 44 1 44
Attic E26 Socket 13 26 1 13 26 E26 socket CREE TW 135 1 135
Game room FanDome 52 104 1 52 104 FanDome CREE TW 54 1 54
Bath 2 Fluorescent downlight 13 26 1 13 26 LED
Downlight Cree TW 135 3 405
Bedrooms Dome 26 52 1 26 52 Dome Feit Candelabra 49 6 294
- - - - - - Dome Feit A-Lamp 10 3 30
Bedroom Walk in Closets Dome 13 26 1 13 26 Dome Cree TW 135 6 81
Master Bedroom FanDome 52 104 1 52 104 FanDome Feit Candelabra 49 4 196
Master Closet Dome 13 26 1 13 26 Dome Illumis 137 4 548
Master Bathroom Fluorescent downlight 13 26 1 13 26 LED
Downlight Cree CR6 12 1 12
LED Vanity Illumis 137 6 822
Cree TW 12 2 24
Bath 3 Fluorescent downlight 13 26 1 13 26 LED
Downlight Cree CR6 12 1 12
TOTAL (W)
678 1254
11176
AHE Load Reduction ()
- 11
30
PGampErsquos Emerging Technologies Program ET13PGE1063
The project team considered a multi-family home builder for inclusion in the program The provided building plan is shown in Figure 12 Table 13 contains the specified AHE lighting design and calculated load reduction over the 2008 compliant lighting design the builder typically implemented at the time of this installation In comparison to the 2008 Title 24 compliant design the AHE lighting package resulted in a calculated load reduction of 50 for one unit of the multi-family home
FIGURE 12 HERITAGE COMMONS MULTI-FAMILY HOME BUILDING PLAN
31
PGampErsquos Emerging Technologies Program ET13PGE1063
TABLE 13 MULTI- FAMILY HOME AHE LIGHTING DESIGN AND LOAD REDUCTION OVER 2008 TITLE 24 COMPLIANT DESIGN
Space Type Non AHE fixture
type (builder original)
Original Load (W)
Original Quantity
Original Total Load
(W)
AHE Fixture
AHE Load (W)
AHE Quantity
AHE Total
Load (W)
Kitchen Fluorescent Down light
26 4 104 Cree CR6 12 4 48
Dining Progress Pendant 100 1 100 Philips Ledino Pendant
225 1 225
Entry Fluorescent Down light
22 1 22 Cree CR6 12 1 12
Bath Fluorescent 17 2 34
GU-24 Vanity Fixture with
Illumis Lamps
137 3 411
Fluorescent Down light
13 1 13 Cree CR6 12 1 12
TOTAL (W) 2730 1356
AHE Load Reduction
() 503
LIGHTING SYSTEM INSTALLATION The installation of the AHE lighting systems did not require additional installation techniques by the construction team compared to 2008 Title 24 compliant systems Photographs of an AHE lighting system installed in a Wathen Castanos model home are provided below
32
PGampErsquos Emerging Technologies Program ET13PGE1063
FIGURE 13 AHE LIGHTING SYSTEM INSTALLATION IN KITCHEN
33
PGampErsquos Emerging Technologies Program ET13PGE1063
FIGURE 14 AHE LIGHTING SYSTEM INSTALLATION IN LIVING ROOM
34
PGampErsquos Emerging Technologies Program ET13PGE1063
FIGURE 15 AHE LIGHTING SYSTEM INSTALLATION IN BATHROOM
35
PGampErsquos Emerging Technologies Program ET13PGE1063
The cost of AHE lighting components have reduced over the course of this project with integrated high quality high efficacy LED downlights ranging in price from $25 to $50 and high quality high efficacy LED replacement lamps ranging from $7 to $25 as of the time of this report Detailed AHE lighting system cost information for the demonstration sites are contained in Table 14 15 and 16 Costs for lighting system components utilized in both the 2008 Title 24 compliant and AHE lighting designs are not included For instance downlight housings and control components are not listed
TABLE 14 WATHEN CASTANOS 1622 AHE LIGHT SOURCE COST INFORMATION
Space Type AHE Fixture AHE Quantity Price per Fixture ($)
Total Price per Space Type ($)
Kitchen Cree CR6 6 $25 $150
Dining LED Chandelier and Satco LED Lamps 1 $408 $408
Cree CR6 2 $25 $50
Great Room Cree CR6 4 $25 $100
Master Bedroom Cree CR6 5 $25 $125
Master Bathroom Cree CR6 2 $25 $50
Satco LED Lamp 8 $29 $232
Master Closet Cree CS14 1 $407 $407
Bedroom (2) Cree CR6 2 $25 $50
Bedroom (3)Study Cree CR6 2 $25 $50
Bathroom Dome Fixture and Satco LED Lamps 2 $29 $58
Vanity Fixture and Satco LED Lamps 3 $29 $87
Laundry Cree CR6 2 $25 $50
Garage Cree CS14 1 $407 $407
Entry Cree CR6 2 $25 $50
Hallway Cree CR6 2 $25 $50
TOTAL $2324
36
PGampErsquos Emerging Technologies Program ET13PGE1063
TABLE 15 NORTHWEST HOMES 2205 AHE LIGHT SOURCE COST INFORMATION
Space Type AHE Fixture AHE Quantity Price per Fixture ($)
Total Price per Space Type ($)
Kitchen Cree CR6 6 $25 $150
Nook Cree CR6 1 $25 $25
Pantry Cree CR6 1 $25 $25
Great Room Cree CR6 4 $25 $100
Entry Cree CR6 2 $25 $50 Hallways Cree CR6 3 $25 $75
Office Cree CR6 1 $25 $25
Bathroom 2 Illumis Lamps 3 $27 $81
Water Closet Cree CR6 1 $25 $25
Bedroom 2 Cree CR6 2 $25 $50
Bedroom 3 Cree CR6 2 $25 $50
Coat Closet Cree CR6 1 $25 $25
Utility Room Cree CR6 2 $25 $50
Garage Cree CS14 1 $407 $407
Porch Cree CR6 6 $25 $150
Exterior Wall Sconces Illumis Lamps 4 $27 $108
Master Bedroom Cree CR6 4 $25 $100
Master Closet Cree CR6 2 $25 $50 Master
Bathroom Illumis Lamps 2 $27 $54
Cree CR6 2 $25 $50
Water Closet Cree CR6 1 $25 $25
TOTAL $1675
37
PGampErsquos Emerging Technologies Program ET13PGE1063
TABLE 16 MERITAGE 3085 AHE LIGHT SOURCE COST INFORMATION
Space Type AHE Fixture AHE Source Quantity
Price per Fixture
($)
Total Price per Space Type ($)
Great Room FanDome CREE TW 4 $15 $60
Kitchen LED Downlight Cree CR6 4 $25 $100
Optional Pendant CREE TW 2 $15 $30
Closet LED Dome CREE TW 2 $15 $30
Powder Room Vanity CREE TW 2 $15 $30
Dining Chandelier Illumis Lamps 5 $27 $135
Owners Entry Dome CREE TW 2 $15 $30
Pocket Office LED Downlight Cree CR6 1 $25 $25
Nook LED Downlight Cree CR6 2 $25 $50
Pantry LED Downlight Cree CR6 2 $25 $50
Porch Exterior Ceiling Illumis Lamp 2 $27 $54
Exterior lights Wall Mount Exterior
Illumis Lamp 3 $27 $81
Garage 1x4 T8 Fixture CREE T8 2 $35 $70
Foyer LED Downlight Cree CR6 2 $25 $50
Stairs LED Downlight Cree CR6 2 $25 $50
Linen Closet LED Downlight Cree CR6 1 $25 $25
Bathroom Vanity CREE TW 2 $15 $30
Hallway Integrated LED Downlight Cree CR6 4 $25 $100
Laundry 1x4 T8 Fixture CREE T8 1 $35 $35
Attic E26 socket CREE TW 1 $15 $15
Game room FanDome CREE TW 4 $15 $60
Bath 2 LED Downlight Cree TW 3 $15 $45
Bedrooms Dome Feit Candelabra 6 $7 $42
Dome Feit A-Lamp 3 $7 $21
Walk in Closet Dome CREE TW 6 $15 $90
Master Bedroom FanDome Feit
Candelabra 4 $7 $28
Master Closet Dome Illumis 4 $27 $108
Master Bathroom LED Downlight Cree CR6 1 $25 $25
LED Vanity Illumis 6 $27 $162
Bath 3 LED Downlight Cree CR6 1 $25 $25
TOTAL $1656
38
PGampErsquos Emerging Technologies Program ET13PGE1063
SYSTEM PERFORMANCE EVALUATION The project team monitored the builder and homeowner end-user satisfaction photometric performance and energy consumption of the installed AHE lighting systems according to the test method outlined in this report The results of the system performance evaluation are provided below
SURVEY RESPONSES To capture builder and homeowner end-user experiences with the AHE lighting systems deployed for evaluation in this project the project team developed survey tools in order to collect feedback in a rigorous manner The results of the surveys will be used to better understand barriers to market adoption of AHE lighting systems and inform the recommendations for next steps Responses to the builder and homeowner surveys are included in the following sections
BUILDER SURVEY RESPONSES The three participating builders completed the AHE lighting system installation The survey response below is for Wathen Castanos (WC) Northwest Homes (NH) and Meritage Homes (MH)
Q What is the primary driver(s) for lighting specification choices bull WC Cost and Title 24 Code Requirements bull NH Title 24 Code Requirements then customer preference bull MH Cost without sacrificing product reliability and then Title 24 Code Requirements
Q At what point in your design process are appliance or energy codes such as T24 considered
bull WC In the plan design stage bull NH Beginning before plans are submitted for plan check review bull MH When determining the lighting schedule
Q How often is your initial plan altered in order to comply with T24 requirements
bull WC Typically not until there is a mandated code update bull NH About 50 of the time although T24 is considered throughout all designs bull MH Very rarely to comply more often to exceed T24 requirements Typically
altered to take advantage of local utility incentives Q What is your typical budget for lighting in a small mid-sized and large home
bull WC Small $500 Mid-Sized $800 Large $1900 bull NH Small $2000 Mid-Sized $3000 Large $4000 bull MH Small $500 Mid-Sized $850 Large $1400
Q Does the lighting design or technologies used vary depending on the locale or price-point of the home If so how
bull WC Yes the high end homes will typically have a higher quality finish on the light fixtures
39
PGampErsquos Emerging Technologies Program ET13PGE1063
bull NH Yes we allow approximately $125 per square foot of the home for lighting and ceiling fans We use a lot of LED recessed can lighting in kitchens and hallways as standard The electrical contractor includes those in his bid about $9000 each
bull MH Yes location and the associated market affect this decision Builder competition also influences if LED lighting or solar is offered as a way to differentiate ourselves
Q Compared to other building systems how large an impact does lighting have on a homersquos budget (as a percent)
bull WC Less than 1 bull NH Including cost increase for high efficiency lighting due to lack of product
availability about 15 bull MH About 02
Q How difficult is it to find Title 24 compliant products for each of the following product categories
Not Difficult
Somewhat Difficult
Very Difficult
Not Applicable
GU-24 MH WC NH
Integral LEDs vs replacement lamps WC NH MH
Quick connects WC NH MH
New track lighting requirements WC NH MH
Q How often do homeowners ask for a lighting change after construction is completed
bull WC Almost Never bull NH Often bull MH Almost Never
Q Do they try to replace luminaires with non-compliant alternatives bull WC Occasionally bull NH Often bull MH Almost Never
Q What role do the utility companies play in your lighting design decision making process
bull WC Rebates and Incentives bull NH None Title 24 only bull MH None
Q What challenges do you foresee arising that will make AHE compliance difficult
bull WC Economics ndash price of high efficacy products 90 CRI Product availability ndash most products canrsquot be quickly purchased at hardware stores
bull NH Economics ndash price of high efficacy products 90 CRI Product availability ndash most products canrsquot be quickly purchased at hardware stores
bull MH Economics ndash price of high efficacy products 90 CRI Product availability ndash most products canrsquot be quickly purchased at hardware stores
40
PGampErsquos Emerging Technologies Program ET13PGE1063
Q With integral LED luminaires becoming part of Title 24 compliance do you foresee any issues with end-users adopting this lighting appliance
bull WC No It will become the norm and current home owners do not like fluorescent fixtures
bull NH No the lighting quality of new LED lights seem to be acceptable to most buyers bull MH No not with the LED light quality and longevity Cost may be an issue
Changing components rather than bulbs may be an issue
HOMEOWNER SURVEY RESPONSES At the time of this report all participating demonstration homes had been occupied for sufficient time to collect survey responses The homeowner survey response provided below is for the Wathen Castanos 1622 homeowner (WC) NorthWest Homes 2205 homeowners (NH1 and NH2) and Meritage Homes 3085 homeowner (MH)
Q Please compare the lighting in your new home to the lighting in your previous home Do you think that each of the following aspects of lighting is better worse or the same in your new home
Better Worse The same I donrsquot know
I like the color of the lighthellip WC NH1 NH2 MH
The light levels in the space arehellip WC NH1
NH2 MH
Objects under the light lookhellip NH1 NH2 WC MH The aesthetic of the fixtures arehellip NH1 NH2 MH WC The lighting controllability ishellip WC NH2 MH NH1 The glare of the lighting ishellip NH1 NH2 MH WC
41
PGampErsquos Emerging Technologies Program ET13PGE1063
Q Rate your satisfaction with the AHE lighting in each room type in your new home Use the following scale
1 Extremely dissatisfied 2 Dissatisfied 3 No difference in satisfaction from lighting in last home 4 Satisfied 5 Extremely satisfied
WC Responses bull Kitchen Satisfied bull Bathroom No difference in the satisfaction from lighting in last home bull Common Living Spaces Satisfied bull Bedrooms Satisfied bull Dining Room No difference in the satisfaction from lighting in last home bull Garage No difference in the satisfaction from lighting in last home
NH1 Responses
bull Kitchen Satisfied bull Bathroom Satisfied bull Common Living Spaces Extremely Satisfied bull Bedrooms Satisfied bull Dining Room Dissatisfied bull Garage Extremely Dissatisfied
NH2 Responses
bull Kitchen Dissatisfied (no undercounter lighting) bull Bathroom Satisfied bull Common Living Spaces Extremely Satisfied bull Bedrooms Satisfied bull Dining Room Satisfied bull Garage Extremely Dissatisfied
MH Responses
bull Kitchen Satisfied bull Bathroom Satisfied bull Common Living Spaces Satisfied bull Bedrooms Satisfied bull Dining Room Satisfied bull Garage No difference in the satisfaction from lighting in last home
42
PGampErsquos Emerging Technologies Program ET13PGE1063
Q What type of lighting did you use in your previous home WC Response
a Linear fluorescent b Incandescent c CFLs
NH1 Response
a Linear fluorescent b Incandescent c CFLs d Other Halogen Under Counter
NH2 Response
a Linear fluorescent b Incandescent c CFLs d Other Halogen
MH Response Incandescent Q For one standard residential screw-base light fixture what is the most that you would be willing to pay for a single light bulb
bull WC Response $11-15 bull NH1 Response $6-10 bull NH2 Response $1-5 bull MH Response $1-5
Q Rate your familiarity with the following topics Use the following scale 1 I have never heard of it before 2 I have heard of this but am not sure exactly what it means 3 I am familiar with this concept but not an expert 4 I am an expert when it comes to this concept
WC Response bull GU-24 based lamps I have never heard of it before bull LED replacement lamps I am familiar with this concept but not an expert bull Integral LED luminaires I have heard of this but am not sure exactly what it
means bull Adaptive lighting controls I have never heard of it before bull Color Rendering Index I am familiar with this concept but not an expert bull Correlated Color Temperature I have heard of this but am not sure exactly what
it means
43
PGampErsquos Emerging Technologies Program ET13PGE1063
NH1 Response bull GU-24 based lamps I have never heard of it before bull LED replacement lamps I am familiar with this concept but not an expert bull Integral LED luminaires I have never heard of it before bull Adaptive lighting controls I have heard of this but am not sure exactly what it
means bull Color Rendering Index I am familiar with this concept but not an expert bull Correlated Color Temperature I have heard of this but am not sure exactly what
it means NH2 Response
bull GU-24 based lamps I am familiar with this concept but not an expert bull LED replacement lamps I am familiar with this concept but not an expert bull Integral LED luminaires I have never heard of it before bull Adaptive lighting controls I am familiar with this concept but not an expert bull Color Rendering Index I have never heard of it before bull Correlated Color Temperature I have never heard of it before
MH Response
bull GU-24 based lamps I have never heard of it before bull LED replacement lamps I am familiar with this concept but not an expert bull Integral LED luminaires I have heard of this but am not sure exactly what it
means bull Adaptive lighting controls I have heard of this but am not sure exactly what it
means bull Color Rendering Index I am familiar with this concept but not an expert bull Correlated Color Temperature I have heard of this but am not sure exactly what
it means Q How important to you is the ability to maintain your own lighting within your home (Replace burnt-out light bulbsfixtures repair or replace controls etc)
bull WC Response Important that I can replace light bulbs only bull NH1 Response Not at all important I can pay a technician to do those tasks bull NH2 Response Important that I can perform any maintenance task necessary
MH Response Important that I can replace light bulbs only
SYSTEM MONITORING RESULTS The project team monitored the energy and photometric performance of the installed AHE lighting systems according to the test method outlined in this report Results are provided below
PHOTOMETRIC PERFORMANCE The project team characterized the photometric performance of the AHE lighting system installed at the Wathen Castanos 1622 home utilizing the recommended practices from the Illuminating Engineering Societyrsquos The Lighting Handbook Tenth Edition The Lighting for
44
PGampErsquos Emerging Technologies Program ET13PGE1063
Residential Applications chapter was referenced to identify target applications and tasks for residences with specific lighting requirements The project team collected illuminance measurements for the living kitchen dining and bathroom applications Results and recommended light levels are summarized in Table 17
45
PGampErsquos Emerging Technologies Program ET13PGE1063
TABLE 17 WATHEN CASTANOS 1622 MEASURED ILLUMINANCE
Application and Task
Horizontal Illuminance
Target (Avg fc)
Vertical Illuminance
Target (Avg fc)
Measured Horizontal
Illuminance (Avg fc)
Measured Vertical
Illuminance (Avg fc)
Notes
Living Room 3 3 53 NA E_h floor E_v 4AFF
Dining Room 210 NA
Formal 5 2 - - E_h table plane E_v 4AFF
Informal 10 4 - - E_h table plane E_v 4AFF
Study Use 20 5 - - E_h table plane E_v 4AFF
Kitchen
Breakfast Area 20 5 348 297 E_h eating
surfaces E_v 4AFF
Cabinets - 5 - 246 E_v face of cabinets
Cooktops 30 5 207 205 E_h cooking surfaces
General 5 - 314 271 E_h floor Preparation
Counters 50 75 194 159 E_h prep surfaces
Sinks 30 5 362 226 E_h top of sink
Bathroom
Shower 5 - 552 1809 E_h floor E_v 3AFF
Toilet 10 - 304 272 E_h floor
Vanity (Grooming) 30 - 501 342 E_h floor E_v 5AFF
46
PGampErsquos Emerging Technologies Program ET13PGE1063
ENERGY USE MONITORING Energy use data collected at the demonstration sites over the course of this effort is provided in this section Detailed lighting load profiles are provided in Appendix D Raw data is available upon request A comparison of estimated and measured lighting energy use is provided in Table 18 Estimated annual lighting energy use assumes 18 hours of use per day11
TABLE 18 SUMMARY OF CALCULATED AND MEASURED LIGHTING ENERGY USE
Site Area (sf)
Lighting Schedule
Calculated Load (kW)
Measured Peak Lighting
Load (kW)
Measured LPD
Calculated Annual Lighting
Energy Use (kWh)
Estimated Annual Lighting
Energy Use (kWh)
Wathen Castanos 1622 059 046 028 1096 3022
North West Homes
2205 071 062 028 4509 4073
Meritage Homes 3085 112 111 036 13004 7293
Wathen Castanos 1622 Daily lighting energy use profiles at the Wathen Castanos 1622 demonstration home are provided below In addition cumulative results over the course of the monitoring period are included Date gaps in data are due to network errors Days with missing data were dropped from the analysis resulting in 157 days of monitored energy use spanning November 19 2014 to May 25 2015 The lighting energy use averages 300 kWh per day Extrapolating this average for an assumed usage of 365 days per year results in a calculated annual energy use of 1096 kWh
11 US DOE 2010 US Lighting Market Characterization pg 42 table 415 httpapps1eereenergygovbuildingspublicationspdfsssl2010-lmc-final-jan-2012pdf
47
PGampErsquos Emerging Technologies Program ET13PGE1063
FIGURE 16 TOTAL DAILY ENERGY USE FOR WATHEN CASTANOS 1622 DEMONSTRATION HOME
FIGURE 17 WEEKLY ENERGY USE FOR WATHEN CASTANOS 1622 DEMONSTRATION HOME jh
000050100150200250300350400450500
111
920
1411
24
2014
112
920
1412
42
014
129
201
412
27
2014
11
2015
16
2015
111
201
51
162
015
128
201
52
220
152
720
152
122
015
217
201
52
222
015
227
201
53
420
153
920
153
142
015
319
201
53
242
015
329
201
54
320
154
820
154
132
015
418
201
54
232
015
428
201
55
320
155
820
155
132
015
518
201
55
232
015
Daily Lighting Energy Use (kWh)
48
PGampErsquos Emerging Technologies Program ET13PGE1063
Energy use per day is provided based on sunrise and sunset definitions to identify day and night lighting energy use
FIGURE 18 ENERGY USE PER DAY OVER MONITORING PERIOD DURATION
NorthWest Homes 2205 Daily lighting energy use profiles at the NorthWest Homes 2205 demonstration home are provided below In addition cumulative results over the course of the monitoring period are included for the 176 days spanning October 29 2014 to April 20 2015 The lighting energy use averages 124 kWh per day Extrapolating this average for an assumed usage of 365 days per year results in a calculated annual energy use of 4509 kWh
49
PGampErsquos Emerging Technologies Program ET13PGE1063
FIGURE 19 TOTAL ENERGY USE FOR NORTHWEST HOMES 2205 DEMONSTRATION HOME
000
050
100
150
200
250
102
920
1411
32
014
118
201
411
13
2014
111
820
1411
23
2014
112
820
1412
32
014
128
201
412
13
2014
121
820
1412
23
2014
122
820
141
220
151
720
151
122
015
117
201
51
222
015
127
201
52
120
152
620
152
112
015
216
201
52
212
015
226
201
53
320
153
820
153
132
015
318
201
53
232
015
328
201
54
220
154
720
154
122
015
417
201
5
Daily Lighting Energy Use (kWh)
50
PGampErsquos Emerging Technologies Program ET13PGE1063
FIGURE 20 WEEKLY CUMULATIVE ENERGY USE FOR NORTHWEST HOMES 2205 DEMONSTRATION HOME
Energy use per day is provided based on sunrise and sunset definitions to identify day and night lighting energy use
51
PGampErsquos Emerging Technologies Program ET13PGE1063
FIGURE 21 ENERGY USE PER DAY OVER MONITORING PERIOD DURATION
52
PGampErsquos Emerging Technologies Program ET13PGE1063
Meritage 3085 Daily energy use profiles for the ceiling fan and lighting loads at the Meritage 3085 demonstration home are provided below Post-data collection one receptacle was identified as being on the lighting circuit This is included in the 75 days of monitored energy use below spanning January 31 2015 to April 15 2015 The monitored energy use averages 356 kWh per day Extrapolating this average for an assumed usage of 365 days per year this results in a calculated annual lighting related energy use of 1300 kWh
FIGURE 22 TOTAL ENERGY USE FOR MERITAGE 3085 DEMONSTRATION HOME
0
1
2
3
4
5
6
131
201
5
23
2015
26
2015
29
2015
212
201
5
215
201
5
218
201
5
221
201
5
224
201
5
227
201
5
32
2015
35
2015
38
2015
311
201
5
314
201
5
317
201
5
320
201
5
323
201
5
326
201
5
329
201
5
41
2015
44
2015
47
2015
410
201
5
413
201
5
Daily Lighting Energy Use (kWh)
53
PGampErsquos Emerging Technologies Program ET13PGE1063
FIGURE 23 WEEKLY CUMULATIVE ENERGY USE FOR MERITAGE 3085 DEMONSTRATION HOME
Energy use per day is provided based on sunrise and sunset definitions to identify day and night lighting energy use
54
PGampErsquos Emerging Technologies Program ET13PGE1063
FIGURE 24 ENERGY USE PER DAY OVER MONITORING PERIOD DURATION
RECOMMENDATIONS Over the duration of the project product availability and cost barriers to the adoption of AHE lighting for residential applications were identified Participating builders unanimously responsed that challenges for builders to be compliant with AHE lighting requirements include the economics associated with AHE lighting products and the limited availability of AHE lighting products that can be quickly purchased at a hardware store For the AHE lighting designs implemented in this study two of the three AHE lighting designs exceeded the typical lighting budget for the builders Programmatic recommendations to overcome these barriers if enacted will help increase widespread adoption of AHE systems Lighting systems that comply with the AHE definition range in performance and cost These ranges are predominantly linked to the lighting systemrsquos electrical architecture affecting controls compatibility heat transfer and allowable installation locations system efficiency light quality light output and component cost With recent developments in LED technology and electrical architecture Edison-based replacement lamp performance has improved and cost has reduced dramatically In addition to fixture integrated and GU-24 socket LED lighting solutions it is recommended that the AHE definition include lighting fixtures equipped with Edison sockets and installed with an Edison base source complying with the high-efficacy high-quality requirements If enacted the increased product availability and reduced cost of the Edison-based LED lamps meeting the high-efficacy high-quality requirements will help overcome barriers to the adoption of AHE lighting for residential applications
55
PGampErsquos Emerging Technologies Program ET13PGE1063
APPENDIX A ndash SURVEY QUESTIONS BUILDER SURVEY CONTENT
1 Describe the lighting design process for your team bull What is the primary driver(s) for lighting specification choices (ie cost T24
requirements customer preference fixture availability etc) bull At what point in your design process are appliance or energy codes such as T24
considered bull How often is your initial plan altered in order to comply with T24 requirements
2 What is your typical budget for lighting in a small mid-sized and large home
bull Does the lighting design or technologies used vary depending on the locale or price-point of the home If so how
bull Compared to other building systems how large an impact does lighting have on a homersquos budget (as a percent)
3 How difficult is it to find Title 24 compliant products for each of the following product
categories Not
Difficult Somewhat
Difficult Very
Difficult GU-24 familiarity Integral LEDs vs replacement lamps Quick connects New track lighting requirements
4 How often do homeowners ask for a lighting change after construction is completed
(Never Almost Never Occasionally Often) bull Do they try to replace luminaires with non-compliant alternatives (Never Almost
Never Occasionally Often) 5 What role do the utility companies play in your lighting design decision making process
bull Rebates and Incentives bull Marketing tools bull Other tasks
6 What challenges do you foresee arising that will make AHE compliance difficult
bull Economics ndash price of high efficacy products 90 CRI bull Education ndash does install team need to learn how to install new technologies bull Product availability ndash most products canrsquot be quickly purchased at hardware stores bull Other
7 With integral LED luminaires becoming part of Title 24 compliance do you foresee any
issues with end-users adopting this lighting appliance
56
PGampErsquos Emerging Technologies Program ET13PGE1063
HOMEOWNER SURVEY CONTENT 2 Please compare the lighting in your new home to the lighting in your previous home Do
you think that each of the following aspects of lighting is better worse or the same in your new home
Better Worse The same I donrsquot know I like the color of the lighthellip The light levels in the space arehellip Objects under the light lookhellip The aesthetic of the fixtures arehellip The lighting controllability ishellip The glare of the lighting ishellip
3 Rate your satisfaction with the AHE lighting in each room type in your new home Use
the following scale 1 Extremely dissatisfied 2 Dissatisfied 2 No difference in satisfaction from lighting in last home 3 Satisfied 4 Extremely satisfied
bull Kitchen 1 2 3 4 5 bull Bathroom 1 2 3 4 5 bull Common Living Spaces 1 2 3 4 5 bull Bedrooms 1 2 3 4 5 bull Dining Room 1 2 3 4 5 bull Garage 1 2 3 4 5
4 What type of lighting did you use in your previous home Circle all that apply a Linear fluorescent b Incandescent c CFLs d LEDs e Other _______________ f I donrsquot know
5 For one standard residential screw-base light fixture what is the most that you would
be willing to pay for a single light bulb
a $1-5 b $6-10 c $11-15 d $16+
6 Rate your familiarity with the following topics Use the following scale
1 I have never heard of it before 2 I have heard of this but am not sure exactly what it means
57
PGampErsquos Emerging Technologies Program ET13PGE1063
3 I am familiar with this concept but not an expert 4 I am an expert when it comes to this concept
bull GU-24 based lamps 1 2 3 4 bull LED replacement lamps 1 2 3 4 bull Integral LED luminaires 1 2 3 4 bull Adaptive lighting controls 1 2 3 4 bull Color Rendering Index 1 2 3 4 bull Correlated Color Temperature 1 2 3 4
7 How important to you is the ability to maintain your own lighting within your home
(Replace burnt-out light bulbsfixtures repair or replace controls etc) 1 Not at all important I can pay a technician to do those tasks 2 Important that I can replace light bulbs only 3 Important that I can replace light bulbs and ballastsdriversassociated
electronics 4 Important that I can perform any maintenance task necessary
58
PGampErsquos Emerging Technologies Program ET13PGE1063
APPENDIX B ndash AHE COMPLIANT PRODUCTS
CEILING-MOUNTED RECESSED LUMINAIRESCEILING-MOUNTED RECESSED LUMINAIRES
PRODUCT CCT CRI WATTSEFFICACY
(Lumens Watt)
Cree LED Lighting
4 ROUND DOWNLIGHT KR4-9L-27K-V KR4T-SSGC-
2700 K 90 13 W 50
Dasal Architectural Lighting
QUADRA LED TRIM 2-500--BRO-FL-9027-800
3000 K 95 12 W 52
Dasal Architectural Lighting STAR LITE XIC LED TRIM 2-167-01-BRO-FL-9027-800
2700 K 91 12 W 51
Designers Fountain
6 DIMMABLE LED6741A30
3000 K 95 14 W 61
dmf Lighting
4 5 6 LED DRD2M10927
2700 K 90 15 W 67
Elite Lighting
4 LED RETROFIT MODULE RL428-650L-DIMTR-120-30K-90-W-WH
3000 K 90 11 W 61
Energy Savings Technology
2 ADJUSTABLE LED DL2-D3
2964 K 92 15 W 55
Fahrenheit Lighting
6LED DME8927
2700 K 90 13 W 62
Halo Eatons Cooper Lighting business
NARROW FLOOD LIGHT RA406927NFLWH
2700 K 90 10 W 69
2013 TITLE 24 PART 626
Iris Products
35 APERTURE P3LED09FL40927E-E3MRC
2700 K 90 15 W 45
Liton
6 GU24 LED REFLECTOR LRELD602C-L10-T27
2700 K 85 12 W 48
MaxLite
6 RETROFIT RR61227WC
2700 K 81 12 W 63
Mini LED MultiSpot
MULTI-SPOT LIGHT MT-3LD11NA-F930-
3000 K 90 11 W 59
Portfolio
4 NEW CONSTRUCTION LD4AD010TE099274LM0H
3000 K 90 15 W 46
Prescolite (A Division of Hubbell Lighting)
6 NEW amp EXISTING CONSTRUCTION LB6LEDA10L27K9 BL
3500 K 83 12 W 66
Progress Lighting
6 DOWNLIGHT P8071-30K9-L10
3000 K 83 12 W 66
Tech Lighting
3 FIXED DOWNLIGHT E3W-LH927
2700 K 92 17 W 63
Tech Lighting
4 ADJUSTABLE DOWNLIGHT E4W-LH930--277
3000 K 93 31 W 66
PRODUCT CCT CRI WATTSEFFICACY (Lumens Watt)
27HIGH-EFFICACY RESIDENTIAL LIGHTING
CEILING-MOUNTED SURFACE LUMINAIRES
PRODUCT CCT CRI WATTSEFFICACY (Lumens Watt)
Hinkley Lighting
HADLEY 3301-LED
2700 K 90 32 W 65
Hinkley Lighting
BRANTLEY 4631-LED
2700 K 90 32 W 65
Hinkley Lighting
BOLLA 5551-LED
2700 K 90 32 W 65
Hinkley Lighting
FLUSH MOUNT 5551-LED
2700 K 96 32 W 60
Permlight
12 ROUND CLIPS FLUSH MOUNT XXX-5545
2700 K 90 26 W 64
Permlight
12 SQUARE FLUSH MOUNT XXX-5555
2700 K 90 26 W 64
Permlight
12 SQUARE FRAMED FLUSH MOUNT XXX-5565
2700 K 90 26 W 64
Permlight
CYLINDER FLUSH MOUNT XXX-6100
2700 K 90 13 W 64
Permlight
RECTANGLE FLUSH MOUNT XXX-6115
2700 K 90 13 W 64
2013 TITLE 24 PART 628
CEILING-MOUNTED SUSPENDED LUMINAIRES
PRODUCT CCT CRI WATTSEFFICACY (Lumens Watt)
Fredrick Ramond
MAPLE LOFT FR35002MPL
2700 K 90 6 W 45
Fredrick Ramond
WALNUT LOFT FR35018WAL
2700 K 90 6 W 45
Fredrick Ramond
CHERRY LOFT FR35027CHY
2700 K 90 6 W 45
Fredrick Ramond
BAMBOO ZEN FR46208BAM
2700 K 90 6 W 45
Hinkley Lighting
HATHAWAY 3220-LED
2700 K 90 32 W 60
Hinkley Lighting
ZELDA 3441-L720
2700 K 90 32 W 60
Hinkley Lighting
BOLLA 4651-LED
2700 K 90 32 W 60
29HIGH-EFFICACY RESIDENTIAL LIGHTING
WALL-MOUNTED LUMINAIRES
PRODUCT CCT CRI WATTSEFFICACY (Lumens Watt)
Hinkley Lighting
LEX 2714
2700 K 90 15 W 53
Hinkley Lighting
LANZA 5590-LED
2700 K 90 8 W 60
Hinkley Lighting
LATITUDE 5650-LED
2700 K 90 8 W 60
Permlight
SMALL RECTANGLE XXX-0910
2700 K 90 13 W 64
Permlight
SMALL CYLINDER XXX-0940
2700 K 90 13 W 64
Permlight
TRIANGLE WALL SCONCE XXX-1141
2700 K 90 13 W 64
Permlight
LARGE CYLINDER XXX-1411
2700 K 90 26 W 64
Permlight
SMALL CROSS WINDOW XXX-7285
2700 K 90 13 W 64
2013 TITLE 24 PART 630
UNDERCABINET LUMINAIRES
PRODUCT CCT CRI WATTSEFFICACY (Lumens Watt)
Aion LED
A-TRACK LIGHT ENGINE 3924-29-
2950 K 92 1 W 80
Diode LED
AVENUE 24 PREMIUM LED TAPE DI-24V-AV50-90
5000 K 90 2 W 85
EcoSense
48 ECOSPEC LINEAR LCILH-12-27-120-120
4000 K 90 3 W 58
EcoSense
12 ECOSPEC LINEAR LCISH-12-27-120-120
4000 K 90 4 W 55
Nora Lighting
6 LED LIGHT BAR NULB-6LED9
3000 K 90 3 W 38
Tech Lighting
UNILUME LED LIGHT BAR 700UCRD07930-LED
3000 K 91 4 W 74
Tech Lighting
UNILUME LED MICRO CHANNEL 700UMCD304930
3000 K 90 13 W 63
WAC Lighting
INVISLED PRO2 LED-TX2427-
2700 K 90 4 W 81
31HIGH-EFFICACY RESIDENTIAL LIGHTING
VANITY LUMINAIRES
PRODUCT CCT CRI WATTSEFFICACY (Lumens Watt)
Hinkley Lighting
DARIA 3-LED 55483-LED
2700 K 90 24 W 60
Hinkley Lighting
DARIA 3-LED 55484-LED
2700 K 90 32 W 60
Hinkley Lighting
MERIDIAN 3-LED 5593-LED
2700 K 90 24 W 60
Hinkley Lighting
DUET 2-LED 5612-LED
2700 K 90 16 W 60
Hinkley Lighting
DUET 5-LED 5615-LED
2700 K 90 40 W 60
Hinkley Lighting
LATITUDE 4-LED 5654-LED
2700 K 90 32 W 60
Hinkley Lighting
DAPHNE 2-LED 5922-LED
2700 K 90 16 W 60
Hinkley Lighting
DAPHNE 5-LED 5925-LED
2700 K 90 40 W 60
2013 TITLE 24 PART 632
PGampErsquos Emerging Technologies Program ET13PGE1063
APPENDIX C ndash MEASUREMENT AND DATA COLLECTION EQUIPMENT SPECIFICATIONS
Revenue-grade Energy and Power MetersThe WattNode Revenue meters are designed for use in applications where revenue-grade or utility-grade accu-racy is required The WattNode Revenue meters meet the accuracy requirements of ANSI C121 and support Modbusreg BACnetreg or LonTalkreg communications proto-cols or a pulse output
The WatttNode Revenue marks a new level of per-formance for the WattNode brand of electric power meters The WattNode Revenue electric power meters are optimized for tenant submetering in residential and commercial spaces PV energy generation metering UMCS metering on military bases and more
The WattNode Revenue meters are designed for 120208 and 277480 Vac applications For ANSI C121 accuracy current transformers compliant with IEEE C5713 Class 06 are required Each meter is calibrated using NIST traceable equipment following the procedures
reg reg reg
WATTNODE REVENUE for BACnet
WATTNODE REVENUE for Modbus
WATTNODE REVENUE for LonWorks
WATTNODE REVENUE Pulse
CURRENT TRANSFORMERS
New
ANSI C12 Load Performance Test - RWNC-3Y-208-MB WattNode Revenue
Current (Percent of Fullscale)
Ener
gy (P
erce
nt R
egis
trat
ion)
1 2 3 10 15 30 50 75 90 100
1020
1015
1010
1005
1000
995
990
985
980
C121 Limit
C121 Limit
RWNC-3Y-208-MB
1
19 SymbolsRead understand and follow all instructions including warnings and precautions before installing and using the product
Potential Shock Hazard from Dangerous High Voltage
Functional ground should be connected to earth ground if possible but is not required for safety grounding
UL Listing mark This shows the UL and cUL (Canadian) listing mark
FCC Mark This logo indicates compliance with part 15 of the FCC rules
Complies with the regulations of the European Union for Product Safety and Electro-Magnetic Compatibilitybull Low Voltage Directive ndash EN 61010-1 2001bull EMC Directive ndash EN 61327 1997 + A11998 + A22001
V~ This indicates an AC voltage
2 OverviewCongratulations on your purchase of the WattNodereg Pulse wattwatt-hour trans-ducer The WattNode meter enables you to make power and energy measure-ments within electric service panels avoiding the costly installation of subpanels and associated wiring It is designed for use in demand side management (DSM) submetering and energy monitoring applications
21 Additional LiteratureSee the Continental Control Systems LLC website (wwwccontrolsyscom)for product pages datasheets and support pages for all WattNode meter mod-els and current transformers Each WattNode model has an Operating and Reference Guide with detailed information on the available measurements and interface
22 Electrical Service TypesTable 1 above lists the WattNode models and common circuit types In the ldquoElectrical Service Typesrdquo column when two voltages are listed with a slash between them they indicate the line-to-neutral line-to-line voltages The ldquoLine-to-Neutralrdquo and ldquoLine-to-Linerdquo columns show the operating ranges for the WattNode meters
Connect the line voltages to the meter inputs as shown in the following figures for each service type See Figure 1 above for an overview
Ground
WH
ITE
BLA
CK
OslashB CT
OslashC CT
OslashA CT
OslashB
OslashC
N
OslashA
GND or CommonInput or Positive
Monitoring Equip-ment or Display
P1P2P3
COM
Out
put
Status
Status
Status
WATTNODEreg PULSE
WNB-WNB- -P
-P
Neutral
Phase A
Phase B
Phase C
LOA
D
WHITEBLACK
WH
ITE
BLA
CK
LINE
SourceFaces
CurrentTransformers
3Y-xxx3D-xxx
Figure 1 WattNode Wiring Diagram
ElectricalService (or Load) Types
Line-to-Neutral (Vac)
Line-to-Line(Vac)
WattNode Service
Type
MeterPowered
by1 Phase 2 Wire 120V with neutral 96 ndash 138 na 3Y-208 N and OslashA1 Phase 2 Wire 230V with neutral (non-US) 184 ndash 264 na 3Y-400 N and OslashA1 Phase 2 Wire 277V with neutral 222 ndash 318 na 3Y-480 N and OslashA1 Phase 2 Wire 208V no neutral na 166 ndash 276 3D-240 OslashA and OslashB1 Phase 2 Wire 240V no neutral na 166 ndash 276 3D-240 OslashA and OslashB
1 Phase 3 Wire 120V240V with neutral 96 ndash 138 166 ndash 2763Y-208 N and OslashA3D-240 OslashA and OslashB
3 Phase 3 Wire Delta 208V no neutral na 166 ndash 276 3D-240 OslashA and OslashB3 Phase 3 Wire Delta 400V no neutral (non-US) na 320 ndash 460 3D-400 OslashA and OslashB3 Phase 3 Wire Delta 480V no neutral na 384 ndash 552 3D-480 OslashA and OslashB
3 Phase 4 Wire Wye 120V208V with neutral 96 ndash 138 166 ndash 2763Y-208 N and OslashA3D-240 OslashA and OslashB
3 Phase 4 Wire Delta 120208240V with neutral 96 ndash 138 166 ndash 276 3D-240 OslashA and OslashB3 Phase 4 Wire Wye 230V400V with neutral (non-US) 184 ndash 264 320 ndash 460
3Y-400 N and OslashA3D-400 OslashA and OslashB
3 Phase 4 Wire Wye 277V480V with neutral 222 ndash 318 384 ndash 5523Y-480 N and OslashA3D-480 OslashA and OslashB
3 Phase 4 Wire Delta 240415480V with neutral 222 ndash 318 384 ndash 552 3D-480 OslashA and OslashB3 Phase 4 Wire Wye 347V600V with neutral 278 ndash 399 480 ndash 690 3Y-600 N and OslashA
Table 1 WattNode Models
WATTNODE reg PULSEand
WATTNODEreg REVENUEElectric Power MeterInstallation Manual
Series - Service - Interface Options______ - _______ - ________
3Y-2083Y-4003Y-4803Y-6003D-2403D-4003D-480
P = Pulse
See website for options
WNB = Second generationRWNB = Revenue second generation
1 Precautions11 Only qualified personnel or licensed electri-
cians should install the WattNode meter The mains voltages of 120 to 600 Vac can be lethal
12 Follow all applicable local and national electri-cal and safety codes
13 The terminal block screws are not insulated Do not contact metal tools to the screw termi-nals if the circuit is live
14 Verify that circuit voltages and currents are within the proper range for the meter model
15 Use only UL listed or UL recognized current transformers (CTs) with built-in burden resis-tors that generate 0333 Vac (333 millivolts AC) at rated current Do not use current output (ratio) CTs such as 1 amp or 5 amp output CTs they will destroy the meter and may create a shock hazard
16 Protect the line voltage inputs to the meter with fuses or circuit breakers (not needed for the neutral or ground wires) See 331 below
17 Equipment must be disconnected from the HAZARDOUS LIVE voltages before access
18 If the meter is not installed correctly the safety protections may be impaired
2
221 Single-Phase Two-Wire with NeutralThis is a common residential and branch circuit connection Up to three such circuits may be monitored with one meter by also using the OslashB and OslashC inputs
Ground
OslashB
OslashC
N
OslashA
WATTN
OD
Ereg
NeutralLine
222 Single-Phase Two-Wire No NeutralThis circuit occurs in residential (commonly 120240 Vac) and some commercial applications The meter is powered from the OslashA and OslashB terminals We recom-mend connecting the N terminal to ground to provide a clean voltage reference for the measurement circuitry (no current will flow through this terminal)
Ground
OslashB
OslashC
N
OslashA
WATTN
OD
Ereg
L1L2
223 Single-Phase Three-Wire with NeutralThis is a common residential service at 120240 Vac
Ground
OslashB
OslashC
N
OslashA
WATTN
OD
Ereg
NeutralL1L2
224 Three-Phase Three-Wire Delta No NeutralThis is common in commercial and industrial settings In some cases the service may be four-wire wye but the load may only be three wire (no neutral)
Occasionally a load will only be connected to two of the three lines (say L1 and L2) For this case connect the two active lines to the OslashA and OslashB terminals and connect two CTs for the two lines
Ground
OslashB
OslashC
N
OslashA
WATTN
OD
Ereg
L1L2L3
225 Three-Phase Four-Wire Wye with NeutralThis is a common commercial and industrial service
Ground
OslashB
OslashC
N
OslashA
WATTN
OD
Ereg
NeutralL1L2L3
226 Three-Phase Four-Wire Delta with Neutral (Wild Leg)The uncommon four-wire delta electrical service is a three-phase delta service with a center-tap on one of the transformer windings to create a neutral for single-phase loads
The high-leg or phase with the higher voltage as measured to neutral has tra-ditionally been designated ldquoPhase Brdquo A change to the 2008 NEC now allows the high leg of a four-wire three-phase delta service to be labeled as the ldquoCrdquo phase instead of the ldquoBrdquo phase The WattNode meter will work correctly with the high-leg connected to OslashA OslashB or OslashC
See the web article Four Wire Delta Circuits for more information
Ground
OslashB
OslashC
N
OslashA
WATTN
OD
Ereg
NeutralL1L2L3
227 Grounded Leg ServiceIn rare cases with delta services or single-phase two-wire services without neutral one of the phases may be grounded
The WattNode meter will correctly measure services with a grounded leg but the measured voltage and power for the grounded phase will be zero and the status LEDs (if present) will not light for the grounded phase because the volt-age is near zero Also this type of service may result in unusual power factors
See the web article Grounded Leg Services for more information
3 Installation31 Installation ChecklistSee the sections referenced below for installation details
Mount the WattNode meter (see 32)Turn off power before making line voltage connectionsConnect circuit breakers or fuses and disconnects (see 331)Connect the line voltage wires to the meterrsquos green terminal block (see 332)Mount the CTs around the line conductors Make sure the CTs face the source (see 34)Connect the twisted white and black wires from the CTs to the black terminal block on the meter matching the wire colors to the white and black dots on the meter label (see 341)Check that the CT phases match the line voltage phases (see 34)Record the CT rated current for each meter because it will be required during commissioningConnect the output terminals of the WattNode meter to the monitoring equipment (see 35)Check that all the wires are securely installed in the terminal blocks by tugging on each wireApply power to the meterVerify that the LEDs indicate correct operation (see 42)
32 MountingProtect the meter from temperatures below ndash30degC (-22degF) or above 55degC (131degF) excessive moisture dust salt spray or other contamination using a NEMA rated enclosure if necessary The meter requires an environment no worse than pollution degree 2 (normally only non-conductive pollution occasionally a temporary conductivity caused by condensation)The meter must be installed in an electrical service panel an enclosure or a limited access electrical roomDo not use the meter as a drilling guide the drill chuck can damage the screw terminals and metal shavings may fall into the connectors
The meter has two mounting holes spaced 1366 mm (5375 in) apart (center-to-center) These mounting holes are normally obscured by the detachable screw terminals Remove the screw terminals to mark the hole positions and mount the meter
Self-tapping 8 sheet metal screws are included Donrsquot over-tighten the screws as long-term stress on the case can cause cracking
33 Connect Voltage Terminals331 Circuit ProtectionThe WattNode meter is considered ldquopermanently connected equipmentrdquo and requires a disconnect means (circuit breaker switch or disconnect) and over-current protection (fuse or circuit breaker)
The meter only draws 10-30 milliamps so the rating of any switches discon-nects fuses andor circuit breakers is determined by the wire gauge the mains voltage and the current interrupting rating required
3
The switch disconnect or circuit breaker must be as close as practicable to the meter and must be easy to operateUse circuit breakers or fuses rated for 20 amps or lessUse ganged circuit breakers when monitoring more than one line voltageThe circuit breakers or fuses must protect the mains terminals labeled OslashA OslashB and OslashC If neutral is also protected then the overcurrent protec-tion device must interrupt both neutral and the ungrounded conductors simultaneouslyThe circuit protection disconnect system must meet IEC 60947-1 and IEC 60947-3 as well as all national and local electrical codes
332 Line WiringAlways disconnect power before connecting the line voltage inputs to the meterFor the line voltage wires CCS recommends 16 to 12 AWG stranded wire type THHN MTW or THWN 600 VDo not place more than one voltage wire in a screw terminal use separate wire nuts or terminal blocks if neededVerify that the line voltages match the line-to-line Oslash-Oslash and line-to-neutral Oslash-N values printed in the white box on the front label
Connect each line voltage to the appropriate phase also connect ground and neutral (if applicable) The neutral connection ldquoNldquo is not required on delta mod-els (3D-240 3D-400 and 3D-480) but we recommend connecting it to ground if neutral is not present
The screw terminals handle wire up to 12 AWG Connect each voltage line to the green terminal block as shown in Figure 1 above After the voltage lines have been connected make sure both terminal blocks are fully seated in the meter
When power is first applied check that the LEDs behave normally on models with status LEDs if you see them flashing red-green-red-green (see Figure 7) the line voltage is too high for this model so disconnect the power immediately
333 GroundingThe WattNode uses a plastic enclosure insulation and internal isolation bar-riers instead of protective earthing The ground terminal on the green screw terminal block is a functional ground designed to improve the measurement accuracy and noise immunity If necessary this terminal may be left discon-nected on wye models (-3Y)
34 Connect Current TransformersTo meet the UL listing requirements the WattNode meter may only be used with the following UL listed or UL recognized voltage output current transformer models These all generate 33333 millivolts AC at rated current See the cur-rent transformer datasheets for CT ratings
ACT-0750-xxx CTL-1250-xxx CTM-0360-xxxCTS-0750-xxx CTS-1250-xxx CTS-2000-xxxxCTB-wwwXhhh-xxxx CTBL-wwwXhhh-xxxx CTT-0300-xxxCTT-0500-xxx CTT-0750-xxx CTT-1000-xxxCTT-1250-xxx
ldquoxxxrdquo indicates the full scale current ratingldquowwwrdquo and ldquohhhrdquo indicate the width and height in inchesldquoddddrdquo indicates the opening diameter of the loop for flexible Rogowski CTs
See the web article Selecting Current Transformers for information on se-lecting appropriate current transformers (CTs)
Do not use ratio or current output CTs such as 1 amp or 5 amp output modelsSee the CT datasheets for the maximum input current ratingsBe careful to match the CTs with the voltage phases Make sure the OslashA CTis measuring the current on the same phase being monitored by OslashA and the same for phases B and C Use the supplied colored labels or colored tape to identify the CT leadsTo minimize current measurement noise avoid extending the CT wires especially in noisy environments If it is necessary to extend the wires use twisted pair wire 22 to 14 AWG rated for 300 V or 600 V (not less than the service voltage) and shielded if possibleFind the source arrow or label ldquoTHIS SIDE TOWARD SOURCErdquo on the CT and facepoint toward the source of currentOPTIONAL if you see spurious readings on unused phases jumper the unused CT inputs for each unused CT connect a short wire from the terminal marked with a white dot to the terminal marked with a black dot
To install the CTs pass the conductor to be measured through the CT and con-nect the CT leads to the meter Always remove power before disconnecting any live conductors Put the line conductors through the CTs as shown in Figure 1 above
CTs are directional If they are mounted backwards or with their white and black wires swapped the measured power will be negative The status LEDs indicate negative measured power by flashing red
Split-core CTs can be opened for installation around a conductor A nylon cable tie may be secured around the CT to prevent inadvertent opening
341 CT WiringConnect the white and black CT wires to the meter terminals marked OslashA CTOslashB CT and OslashC CT (see Figure 1 above) Excess length may be trimmed from the wires if desired The current transformers connect to the six position black screw terminal block Connect each CT with the white wire aligned with the white dot on the label and the black wire aligned with the black dot Note the order in which the phases are connected as the line voltage phases mustmatch the current phases for accurate power measurement
35 Connect the Output SignalsThe meter outputs are isolated from dangerous voltages so you can con-nect them at any timeIf the output wiring is near line voltage wiring use wires or cables with a 300 V or 600 V rating (not less than the service voltage)If the output wiring is near bare conductors it should be double insulated or jacketedYou may install two wires into each screw terminal by twisting the wires to-gether inserting them into terminal and securely tightening Note a loose wire can disable an entire network section Use twisted-pair cable (unshielded or shielded) to prevent interference
351 WattNode Pulse OutputsUse the following directions when connecting the pulse outputs of a WattNode Pulse meter
The outputs P1 P2 and P3 should not be connected to negative voltages or to voltages greater than +60 VdcFor long distances use shielded twisted-pair cable to prevent interference With shielded cable connect the shield to earth ground at one endIf you need to add pull-up resistors see the Operating and Reference Guide
The WattNode pulse outputs may be connected to most devices that expect a contact closure or relay input See the Operating and Reference Guide for more complex connection information
Common (or GND)Input (Positive)
Monitoring Equipment or Display
Input (Positive)Input (Positive)
P1P2P3
COM
Out
put
WATTNODE
The following table shows the pulse output channel assignments for the stan-dard bidirectional outputs and for the optional per-phase outputs (Option P3)
PulseOutputs
P1Output
P2Output
P3Output
Standard Outputs - Bidirectional
Positive energy - all phases
Negative energy - all phases Not used
Option P3Per-Phase Outputs
Phase A positive energy
Phase B positive energy
Phase C positive energy
Option PVPhotovoltaic
Phase A+B pos energy
Phase A+B neg energy
Phase C positive energy
Option DPO Dual Positive Outputs
Positive energy - all phases
Negative energy - all phases
Positive energy - all phases
Table 2 Pulse Output Assignments
4
4 Operation41 Initial ConfigurationFor WattNode Pulse meters the only required configuration will be in the data logger or pulse counting device which must be configured with the correct scale factors to convert from pulses to energy (kWh)
For details on configuring the WattNode meter see the appropriate Operating and Reference Guide for your model
The meter does not include a display or buttons so it is not possible to configure or monitor the meter directly other than the basic LED diagnostics described below
42 Power Status LEDsThe three status LEDs on the front of the meter can help indicate correct opera-tion The ldquoArdquo ldquoBrdquo and ldquoCrdquo on the diagrams indicate the three phases
421 Normal StartupThe meter displays the following startup sequence whenever power is first applied
10sec10sec10sec
GreenYellowRed
GreenYellowRed
GreenYellowRed
CBA
422 Positive PowerAny phase with the LEDs flashing green is indicating normal positive power
Green Off Green Off Green Off
423 No PowerAny phase with a solid green LED indicates no power but line voltage is pres-ent
Green
424 No VoltageAny phase LED that is off indicates no voltage on that phase
Off
425 Negative PowerRed flashing indicates negative power for that phase Reversed CTs swapped CT wires or CTs not matched with line voltage phases can cause this
Red Off Red Off Red OffC
426 Overvoltage WarningThe following indicates that the line voltage is too high for this model Discon-nect power immediately Check the line voltages and the meter ratings (in the white box on the label)
10sec
GR GR GR GR GR GR
GR GR GR GR GR GR
GR GR GR GR GR GRCBA
427 Meter Not OperatingIf none of the LEDs light then check that the correct line voltages are applied to the meter If the voltages are correct call customer service for assistance
Off
Off
Off
CBA
428 WattNode ErrorIf the meter experiences an internal error it will light all LEDs red for three or more seconds If you see this happen repeatedly return the meter for service
30sec
Red
Red
Red
CBA
For other LED patterns see the Operating and Reference Guide or contact support for assistance
43 MonitoringThe meter does not include a display or buttons so it is not possible to oper-ate the meter directly The following is a brief overview of the possible remote monitoring
The WattNode Pulse models uses optoisolator outputs that simulate contact closures These are generally connected to a datalogger or similar monitor-ing device which can count pulses to measure energy See the Operating and Reference Guide for equations to scale pulse counts and frequencies to energy and power
44 Maintenance and RepairThe WattNode meter requires no maintenance It is not user serviceable and there are no replaceable parts except the pluggable screw terminals There are no diagnostic tests that can be performed by the user other than checking for errors via the status LEDs
In the event of any failure the meter must be returned for service (contact CCS for an RMA) For a new installation follow the diagnostic and troubleshooting instructions in the Operating and Reference Guide before returning the meter for service to ensure that the problem is not connection related
The WattNode meter should not normally need to be cleaned but if cleaning is desired power must be disconnected first and a dry or damp cloth or brush should be used
5 SpecificationsThe following is a list of basic specifications For extended specifications see the Operating and Reference Guide
51 AccuracyThe following accuracy specifications do not include errors caused by the cur-rent transformer accuracy or phase angle errors ldquoRated currentrdquo is the current that generates a CT output voltage of 033333 Vac
511 Normal OperationLine voltage -20 to +15 of nominalPower factor 10Frequency 48 - 62 HzAmbient Temperature 23degC plusmn 5degCCT Current 5 - 100 of rated current
Accuracy plusmn05 of reading
For accuracy at other conditions see the reference guide
52 MeasurementUpdate Rate Internally all measurements are performed at this rate
~200 millisecondsStart-Up Time the meter starts measuring powerenergy and reporting mea-surements or generating pulses this long after AC voltage is applied
~500 millisecondsDefault CT Phase Angle Correction 00 degrees
5
53 Models and Electrical SpecificationsThe service ldquo3Y-208rdquo applies to the model WNB-3Y-208-P RWNB-3Y-208-Pand so on for the other service types
Service Nominal Vac Line-to-Neutral
Nominal Vac Line-to-Line Phases Wires
3Y-208 120 208ndash240 1 - 3 2 - 43Y-400 230 400 1 - 3 2 - 43Y-480 277 480 1 - 3 2 - 43Y-600 347 600 1 - 3 2 - 43D-240 120 208ndash240 1 - 3 2 - 43D-400 230 400 3 2 - 43D-480 277 480 3 2 - 4
Table 3 WattNode Model Service Types
for measuring wye circuits In the absence of neutral voltages are measured with respect to ground Delta WattNode models use the phase A and phase B connections for power
Over-Voltage Limit 125 of nominal Vac Extended over-voltage operation can damage the WattNode and void the warranty
Over-Current Limit 120 of rated current Exceeding 120 of rated cur-rent will not harm the WattNode meter but the current and power will not be measured accurately
Maximum Surge 4kV according to EN 61000-4-5Power Consumption The following tables shows maximum volt-amperes the power supply ranges typical power consumption and typical power fac-tor values with all three phases powered at nominal line voltages The power supply draws most of the total power consumed while the measurement circuitry draws 1-10 of the total (6-96 milliwatts per phase depending on the model) Due to the design of the power supply WattNode meters draw slightly more power at 50 Hz
Service Rated VA (1)
Power Supply Range (Vac)
Power Supply Terminals
3Y-208 4 VA 96 ndash 138 N and OslashA3Y-400 4 VA 184 ndash 264 N and OslashA3Y-480 4 VA 222 ndash 318 N and OslashA3Y-600 4 VA 278 ndash 399 N and OslashA3D-240 4 VA 166 ndash 276 OslashA and OslashB3D-400 3 VA 320 ndash 460 OslashA and OslashB3D-480 3 VA 384 ndash 552 OslashA and OslashB
Table 4 Service Volt-Amperes and Power Supply Range(1) Rated VA is the maximum at 115 of nominal Vac at 50 Hz This
is the same as the value that appears on the front label of the meter
Service Real Power (60 Hz)
Real Power (50 Hz)
Power Factor
3Y-208 16 W 18 W 0753Y-400 16 W 18 W 0643Y-480 21 W 24 W 0633Y-600 12 W 12 W 0473D-240 17 W 19 W 0633D-400 14 W 15 W 0473D-480 18 W 22 W 053
Table 5 Power Consumption
Maximum Power Supply Voltage Range -20 to +15 of nominal (see table above) For the 3D-240 service this is -20 of 208 Vac (166 Vac) to +15 of 240 Vac (276 Vac)
Operating Frequencies 5060 HzMeasurement Category CAT IIIMeasurement category III is for measurements performed in the building installation Examples are measurements on distribution boards circuit-breakers wiring including cables bus-bars junction boxes switches sock-et-outlets in the fixed installation and equipment for industrial use and some
other equipment for example stationary motors with permanent connection to the fixed installation
The line voltage measurement terminals on the meter are rated for the fol-lowing CAT III voltages (these ratings appear on the front label)
Service CAT III Voltage Rating3Y-2083D-240 240 Vac
3Y-4003D-400 400 Vac
3Y-4803D-480 480 Vac
3Y-600 600 VacTable 6 WattNode CAT III Ratings
Current Transformer InputsNominal Input Voltage (At CT Rated Current) 033333 Vac RMSAbsolute Maximum Input Voltage 50 Vac RMSInput Impedance at 5060 Hz
54 Pulse OutputsFull-Scale Pulse FrequenciesStandard (All Models) 400 HzCustom (Bidirectional) 001 Hz to 600 HzCustom (Option P3 Option PV Option DPO) 001 Hz to 150 Hz
Absolute Maximum Pulse Output FrequenciesStandard Models (Bidirectional) 900 HzOption P3 Option PV Option DPO 200 Hz
Output Waveform square-wave ~50 duty cycleOption PW programmable pulse ON (closed or conducting period 1 to 65535 milliseconds
Optoisolator OutputsIsolation 5000 Vac RMSBreakdown Voltage (collectorndashemitter) 60 V (exceeding this may destroy the outputs)
Maximum Reverse Voltage (emitter-collector) 5 Vdc (exceeding may destroy the outputs)
Maximum Leakage (OFF) Current (collectorndashemitter) 100 nARecommended Load Current (collectorndashemitter)mA (milliamp)
Maximum Load Current ~8 mA
55 CertificationsSafety
UL 61010-1CANCSA-C222 No 61010-1-04IEC 61010-1
Immunity EN 61326 2002 (Industrial Locations)Electrostatic Discharge EN 61000-4-2Radiated RF Immunity EN 61000-4-3Electrical Fast Transient Burst EN 61000-4-4Surge Immunity EN 61000-4-5Conducted RF Immunity EN 61000-4-6Voltage Dips Interrupts EN 61000-4-11
EmissionsFCC Part 15 Class BEN 55022 1994 Class B
56 EnvironmentalOperating Temperature -30degC to +55degC (-22degF to 131degF)Altitude Up to 2000 m (6560 ft)Operating Humidity non-condensing 5 to 90 relative humidity (RH) up to 40degC decreasing linearly to 50 RH at 55degC
Pollution POLLUTION DEGREE 2 - Normally only non-conductive pollu-tion occasionally a temporary conductivity caused by condensation must be expected
Indoor Use Suitable for indoor use
6
Outdoor Use Suitable for outdoor use if mounted inside an electrical enclo-sure (Hammond Mfg Type EJ Series) rated NEMA 3R or 4 (IP 66)
57 MechanicalEnclosure High impact ABSPC plasticFlame Resistance Rating UL 94V-0 IEC FV-0Size 153 mm times 85 mm times 38 mm (602 in times 335 in times 150 in)
Connectors Euroblock pluggable terminal blocksGreen up to 12 AWG (25 mm2) 600 VBlack up to 12 AWG (25 mm2) 300 V
58 FCC InformationThis equipment has been tested and complies with the limits for a Class B digital device pursuant to part 15 of the FCC Rules Operation is subject to the following two conditions (1) This device may not cause harmful interference and (2) this device must accept any interference received including interfer-ence that may cause undesired operation
The FCC limits are designed to provide reasonable protection against harmful interference in a residential installation This equipment generates uses and can radiate radio frequency energy and if not installed and used in accordance with the instructions may cause harmful interference to radio communications However there is no guarantee that interference will not occur in a particular installation If this equipment does cause harmful interference to radio or televi-sion reception which can be determined by turning the equipment off and on the user is encouraged to try to correct the interference by one or more of the following measures
Reorient or relocate the receiving antennaIncrease the separation between the equipment and receiverConnect the equipment into an outlet on a circuit different from that to which the receiver is connectedConsult the dealer or an experienced radioTV technician for help
59 WarrantyAll products sold by Continental Control Systems LLC (CCS) are guaranteed against defects in material and workmanship for a period of five years from the original date of shipment CCSrsquos responsibility is limited to repair replace-ment or refund any of which may be selected by CCS at its sole discretion CCS reserves the right to substitute functionally equivalent new or serviceable used parts
WattNode Logger models include a lithium battery to preserve the date and time during power failures CCS will replace or provide a replacement battery at no charge if the battery fails within five years from the original date of shipment
This warranty covers only defects arising under normal use and does not in-clude malfunctions or failures resulting from misuse neglect improper appli-cation improper installation water damage acts of nature lightning product modifications alterations or repairs by anyone other than CCS
Except as set forth herein CCS makes no warranties expressed or im-plied and CCS disclaims and negates all other warranties including without limitation implied warranties of merchantability and fitness for a particular purpose
510 Limitation of LiabilityIn no event shall CCS be liable for any indirect special incidental puni-tive or consequential damages of any kind or nature arising out of the sale or use of its products whether such liability is asserted on the basis of contract tort or otherwise including without limitation lost profits even if CCS has been advised of the possibility of such damages
Customer acknowledges that CCSrsquos aggregate liability to Customer relat-ing to or arising out of the sale or use of CCSrsquos products whether such liability is asserted on the basis of contract tort or otherwise shall not exceed the purchase price paid by Customer for the products in respect of which damages are claimed Customer specifically acknowledges that CCSrsquos price for the products is based upon the limitations of CCSrsquos liability set forth herein
copy2009-2013 Continental Control Systems LLCDocument Number WN-Inst-P-101Revision Date April 18 2013Continental Control Systems LLC3131 Indian Rd Boulder CO 80301 USA(303) 444-7422 httpwwwccontrolsyscombull WattNode is a registered trademark of Continental Control Systems LLC
httpwwwccontrolsyscom Rev V17b
Continental Control Systems LLC
(M5)
WATTNODE reg PULSEInstallation and Operation Manual
WNB-3Y-208-P
WNB-3Y-400-P
WNB-3Y-480-P
WNB-3Y-600-P
WNB-3D-240-P
WNB-3D-400-P
WNB-3D-480-P
2
Information in this document is subject to change without notice
copy2007-2011 Continental Control Systems LLC All rights reserved
Printed in the United States of America
Document Number WNB-P-V17b
Revision Date November 30 2011
Continental Control Systems LLC
3131 Indian Rd Suite A
Boulder CO 80301
(303) 444-7422
FAX (303) 444-2903
E-mail techsupportccontrolsyscom
Web httpwwwccontrolsyscom
WattNode is a registered trademark of Continental Control Systems LLC
FCC InformationThis equipment has been tested and complies with the limits for a Class B digital device pursu-
ant to part 15 of the FCC Rules Operation is subject to the following two conditions (1) This
device may not cause harmful interference and (2) this device must accept any interference
received including interference that may cause undesired operation
The FCC limits are designed to provide reasonable protection against harmful interference in a
residential installation This equipment generates uses and can radiate radio frequency energy
and if not installed and used in accordance with the instructions may cause harmful interfer-
ence to radio communications However there is no guarantee that interference will not occur in
a particular installation If this equipment does cause harmful interference to radio or television
reception which can be determined by turning the equipment off and on the user is encouraged
to try to correct the interference by one or more of the following measures
Reorient or relocate the receiving antenna
Increase the separation between the equipment and receiver
Connect the equipment into an outlet on a circuit different from that to which the receiver is
connected
Consult the dealer or an experienced radioTV technician to help
Contents 3
ContentsOverview 4
Pulse Outputs 4
Diagnostic LEDs 4
Current Transformers 4
Additional Literature 4
Front Label 5
Installation 7Precautions 7
Electrical Service Types 8
Single-Phase Two-Wire with Neutral 8
Single-Phase Three-Wire (Mid-Point Neutral) 9
Single-Phase Two-Wire without Neutral 10
Three-Phase Four-Wire Wye 11
Three-Phase Three-Wire Delta Without Neutral 12
Three-Phase Four-Wire Delta (Wild Leg) 12
Grounded Leg Service 12
Mounting 13
Selecting Current Transformers 14
Connecting Current Transformers 15
Circuit Protection 16
Connecting Voltage Terminals 17
Connecting Pulse Outputs 17
Output Assignments 18
Pull-Up Resistor Selection 19
Installation Summary 19
Installation LED Diagnostics 20
Measurement Troubleshooting 22
Operating Instructions 24Pulse Outputs 24
Power and Energy Computation 25
Power and Energy Equations 27
Maintenance and Repair 29
Specifications 30Models 30
Model Options 30
Accuracy 31
Measurement 32
Pulse Outputs 32
Electrical 33
Certifications 35
Environmental 35
Mechanical 35
Current Transformers 35
Warranty 37Limitation of Liability 37
4 Overview
OverviewCongratulations on your purchase of the WattNodereg Pulse wattwatt-hour transducermeter
It accurately measures energy and power in a compact package The WattNode meter can fit
in existing electric service panels avoiding the costly installation of sub-panels and associated
wiring It is designed for use in demand side management (DSM) sub-metering and energy
monitoring applications The WattNode meter generates pulses proportional to total watt-hours
The pulse rate or frequency is proportional to the instantaneous power Models are available for
single-phase and three-phase wye and delta configurations for voltages from 120 Vac to 600 Vac
at 50 and 60 Hz
Pulse OutputsThe WattNode meter generates pulse outputs using one or more optoisolators (also called
photocouplers) These provide 5000 Vac of electrical isolation The pulse outputs can interface to
monitoring or data logging hardware without concerns about interference ground loops shock
hazard etc
The standard Pulse WattNode meter makes bidirectional power measurements (energy consump-
tion and energy production) It can be used for conventional power and energy measurement as
well as for net metering and photovoltaic (PV) applications
Option P3 - The per-phase measurement option measures one two or three separate
branch circuits with a single meter saving money and space
Option PV - The photovoltaic option measures residential PV systems One WattNode meter
measures the bidirectional total house energy and the PV (or wind) generated energy See
Manual Supplement MS-10 Option PV (Photovoltaic) for details
Options DPO - The dual positive outputs option behaves exactly like the standard bidirec-
tional model but with the addition of a second positive pulse output channel (on the P3
output terminal) This allows you to connect to two devices such as a display and a data
logger See Manual Supplement MS-11 Option DPO (Dual Positive Outputs) for details
See Model Options (p 30) in the Specifications section below for details and more options
Diagnostic LEDsThe Pulse WattNode meter includes three diagnostic LEDsmdashone per phase During normal
operation these LEDs flash on and off with the speed of flashing roughly proportional to the
power on each phase The LEDs flash green for positive power and red for negative power Other
conditions are signaled with different LED patterns See the Installation LED Diagnostics (p 20) section for full details
Current TransformersThe WattNode meter uses solid-core (toroidal) split-core (opening) and bus-bar style current
transformers (CTs) with a full-scale voltage output of 033333 Vac Split-core and bus-bar CTs
are easier to install without disconnecting the circuit being measured Solid-core CTs are more
compact generally more accurate and less expensive but installation requires that you discon-
nect the circuit to install the CTs
Additional Literature WattNode Advanced Pulse - Quick Install Guide
Manual Supplement MS-10 Option PV (Photovoltaic)
Manual Supplement MS-11 Option DPO (Dual Positive Outputs)
Manual Supplement MS-17 Option PW (Pulse Width)
Manual Supplement MS-19 Option SSR (Solid-State Relay)
Overview 5
Front LabelThis section describes all the connections information and symbols that appear on the front
label
Continental Control Systems LLC
WATTNODEreg PULSE
Watthour Meter 3KNN
Boulder CO USA
OslashB CT 0333V~
OslashC CT 0333V~
OslashA CT 0333V~ Status
Status
Status
P1
P2
P3
COMO
utpu
t
OslashB
OslashC
N
OslashAOslash-Oslash 240V~Oslash-Oslash 240V~
240V CAT III240V CAT III
Oslash-N 140V~Oslash-N 140V~
120V~ 50-60Hz 3W2010-09-26SN 59063
WNB-3Y-208-PQ
N
O
P
M
K
U W
HIJ
A
C
B
E
F
G
D
Y Z
R
VT X
S
Figure 1 Front Label Diagram
A WattNode model number The ldquoWNBrdquo indicates a second generation WattNode meter with
diagnostic LEDs and up to three pulse output channels The ldquo3rdquo indicates a three-phase model
The ldquoYrdquo or ldquoDrdquo indicates wye or delta models although delta models can measure wye circuits
(the difference is in the power supply) The ldquo208rdquo (or other value) indicates the nominal line-to-
line voltage Finally the ldquoPrdquo indicates pulse output
B Functional ground This terminal should be connected to earth ground if possible It is not
required for safety grounding but ensures maximum meter accuracy
C Neutral This terminal ldquoNrdquo should be connected to neutral when available
D E F Line voltage inputs These terminals connect to the OslashA (phase A) OslashB (phase B) and
OslashC (phase C) electric mains On wye models the meter is powered from OslashA and N terminals
On delta models the meter is powered from the OslashA and OslashB terminals
G Line voltage measurement ratings This block lists the nominal line-to-neutral ldquoOslash-N 120V~rdquo
voltage line-to-line ldquoOslash-Oslash 240V~rdquo voltage and the rated measurement voltage and category
ldquo240V CAT IIIrdquo for this WattNode model See the Specifications (p 30) for more informa-
tion about the measurement voltage and category
H UL Listing mark This shows the UL and cUL (Canadian) listing mark and number ldquo3KNNrdquo
I FCC Mark This logo indicates that the meter complied with part 15 of the FCC rules
J Status LEDs These are status LEDs used to verify and diagnose meter operation See
Installation LED Diagnostics (p 20) for details
K Current transformer (CT) voltage rating These markings ldquo0333V~rdquo indicate that the meter
must be used with CTs that generate a full-scale output of 0333 Vac (333 millivolts)
6 Overview
M N O Current transformer (CT) inputs These indicate CT screw terminals Note the white
and black circles at the left edge of the label these indicate the color of the CT wire that should
be inserted into the corresponding screw terminal The terminals marked with black circles are
connected together internally
P Pulse output common (COM) This is the common terminal for all three pulse output chan-
nels This terminal should be more negative than the P1 P2 and P3 terminals (unless the
meter was ordered with Option SSR)
Q R S Pulse outputs (P1 P2 P3) These are the pulse output channels Different models use
one two or three channels They should always be positive relative to the common terminal
T Serial number This shows the meter serial number and options if any are selected The
barcode contains the serial number in Code 128C format
U Mains supply rated voltage This is the rated supply voltage for this model The V~ indicates
AC voltage For wye models this voltage should appear between the N and OslashA terminals For
delta models this voltage should appear between the OslashA and OslashB terminals
V Mains frequencies This indicates the rated mains frequencies for the meter
W Maximum rated power This is the maximum power consumption (watts) for this model
X Manufacture date This is the date of manufacture for the WattNode meter
Y Caution risk of electrical shock This symbol indicates that there is a risk of electric shock
when installing and operating the meter if the installation instructions are not followed correctly
Z Attention - consult Manual This symbol indicates that there can be danger when installing
and operating the meter if the installation instructions are not followed correctly
Symbols
Attention -
Consult Installation
and Operation Manual
Read understand and follow all instructions in this Installa-
tion and Operation Manual including all warnings cautions
and precautions before installing and using the product
Caution ndash
Risk of Electrical
Shock
Potential Shock Hazard from Dangerous High Voltage
CE Marking
Complies with the regulations of the European Union for
Product Safety and Electro-Magnetic Compatibility
Low Voltage Directive ndash EN 61010-1 2001
EMC Directive ndash EN 61327 1997 + A11998 + A22001
Installation 7
InstallationPrecautions
DANGER mdash HAZARDOUS VOLTAGESWARNING - These installationservicing instructions are for use by qualified personnel
only To avoid electrical shock do not perform any servicing other than that contained in
the operating instructions unless you are qualified to do so
Always adhere to the following checklist
1) Only qualified personnel or licensed electricians should install the WattNode meter The
mains voltages of 120 Vac to 600 Vac can be lethal
2) Follow all applicable local and national electrical and safety codes
3) Install the meter in an electrical enclosure (panel or junction box) or in a limited access
electrical room
4) Verify that circuit voltages and currents are within the proper range for the meter model
5) Use only UL recognized current transformers (CTs) with built-in burden resistors that gener-
ate 0333 Vac (333 millivolts AC) at rated current Do not use current output (ratio) CTs such as 1 amp or 5 amp output CTs they will destroy the meter and may create a shock hazard See Current Transformers (p 35) for CT maximum input current ratings
6) Ensure that the line voltage inputs to the meter are protected by fuses or circuit breakers (not
needed for the neutral wire) See Circuit Protection (p 16) for details
7) Equipment must be disconnected from the HAZARDOUS LIVE voltages before access
8) The terminal block screws are not insulated Do not contact metal tools to the screw termi-
nals if the circuit is live
9) Do not place more than one line voltage wire in a screw terminal use wire nuts instead You
may use more than one CT wire per screw terminal
10) Before applying power check that all the wires are securely installed by tugging on each wire
11) Do not install the meter where it may be exposed to temperatures below ndash30degC or above
55degC excessive moisture dust salt spray or other contamination The meter requires an
environment no worse than pollution degree 2 (normally only non-conductive pollution
occasionally a temporary conductivity caused by condensation must be expected)
12) Do not drill mounting holes using the meter as a guide the drill chuck can damage the screw
terminals and metal shavings can fall into the connectors causing an arc risk
13) If the meter is installed incorrectly the safety protections may be impaired
8 Installation
Electrical Service TypesBelow is a list of service types with connections and recommended models Note the ground
connection improves measurement accuracy but is not required for safety
Model TypeLine-to- Neutral
Line-to- Line
Electrical Service Types
WNB-3Y-208-P Wye 120 Vac208ndash240
Vac
1 Phase 2 Wire 120V with neutral
1 Phase 3 Wire 120V240V with neutral
3 Phase 4 Wire Wye 120V208V with neutral
WNB-3Y-400-P Wye 230 Vac 400 Vac1 Phase 2 Wire 230V with neutral
3 Phase 4 Wire Wye 230V400V with neutral
WNB-3Y-480-P Wye 277 Vac 480 Vac3 Phase 4 Wire Wye 277V480V with neutral
1 Phase 2 Wire 277V with neutral
WNB-3Y-600-P Wye 347 Vac 600 Vac 3 Phase 4 Wire Wye 347V600V with neutral
WNB-3D-240-PDelta
or Wye
120ndash140
Vac
208ndash240
Vac
1 Phase 2 Wire 208V (no neutral)
1 Phase 2 Wire 240V (no neutral)
1 Phase 3 Wire 120V240V with neutral
3 Phase 3 Wire Delta 208V (no neutral)
3 Phase 4 Wire Wye 120V208V with neutral
3 Phase 4 Wire Delta 120208240V with neutral
WNB-3D-400-PDelta
or Wye230 Vac 400 Vac
3 Phase 3 Wire Delta 400V (no neutral)
3 Phase 4 Wire Wye 230V400V with neutral
WNB-3D-480-PDelta
or Wye277 Vac 480 Vac
3 Phase 3 Wire Delta 480V (no neutral)
3 Phase 4 Wire Wye 277V480V with neutral
3 Phase 4 Wire Delta 240415480V with neutral
The wire count does NOT include ground It only includes neutral (if present) and phase wires
Table 1 WattNode Models
Single-Phase Two-Wire with NeutralThis configuration is most often seen in homes and offices The two conductors are neutral and
line For these models the meter is powered from the N and OslashA terminals
Figure 2 Single-Phase Two-Wire Connection
Ground
WH
ITE
BLA
CK
OslashB CT
OslashC CT
OslashA CT
OslashB
OslashC
N
OslashA
GND or CommonInput or Positive
Monitoring Equip-ment or Display
P1P2P3
COM
Out
put
Status
Status
Status
WATTNODEreg PULSE
WNB-WNB- -P
-P
Line
Neutral
LINE
LOA
D
ShortingJumpers
SourceFace
CurrentTransformer
3Y-xxx
Installation 9
Recommended WattNode ModelsThe following table shows the WattNode models that should be used depending on the line to
neutral voltage
Line to Neutral Voltage WattNode Model120 Vac WNB-3Y-208-P
230 Vac WNB-3Y-400-P
277 Vac WNB-3Y-480-P
Single-Phase Three-Wire (Mid-Point Neutral)This configuration is seen in North American residential and commercial service with 240 Vac for
large appliances The three conductors are a mid-point neutral and two line voltage wires with AC
waveforms 180deg out of phase this results in 120 Vac between either line conductors (phase) and
neutral and 240 Vac (or sometimes 208 Vac) between the two line conductors (phases)
Figure 3 Single-Phase Three-Wire Connection
Recommended WattNode ModelsThe following table shows the WattNode models that can be used If neutral may or may not be
present you should use the WNB-3D-240-P (see Single-Phase Two-Wire without Neutral below) If neutral is present it must be connected for accurate measurements If phase B may
not be present you should use the WNB-3Y-208-P (see Single-Phase Two-Wire with Neutral above)
Meter Power Source WattNode ModelN and OslashA (Neutral and Phase A) WNB-3Y-208-P
OslashA and OslashB (Phase A and Phase B) WNB-3D-240-P
Ground
WH
ITE
BLA
CK
OslashB CT
OslashC CT
OslashA CT
OslashB
OslashC
N
OslashA
GND or CommonInput or Positive
Monitoring Equip-ment or Display
P1P2P3
COM
Out
put
Status
Status
Status
WATTNODEreg PULSE
WNB-WNB- -P
-P
Phase A
Neutral
Phase B
WHITEBLACK
120 Vac240 Vac
120 Vac
LINE
LOA
D
ShortingJumper Source
Faces
CurrentTransformers
3Y-2083D-240
10 Installation
Single-Phase Two-Wire without NeutralThis is seen in residential and commercial service with 208 to 240 Vac for large appliances The
two conductors have AC waveforms 120deg or 180deg out of phase Neutral is not used For this
configuration the meter is powered from the OslashA and OslashB (phase A and phase B) terminals
For best accuracy we recommend connecting the N (neutral) terminal to the ground terminal
This will not cause ground current to flow because the neutral terminal does not power the meter
Figure 4 Single-Phase Two-Wire without Neutral Connection
Recommended WattNode ModelThis configuration is normally measured with the following WattNode model
Line-to-Line Voltage WattNode Model208 - 240 Vac WNB-3D-240-P
If neutral is available you may also use the WNB-3Y-208-P model If you use the WNB-3Y-208-P
you will need to hook up the meter as shown in section Single-Phase Three-Wire (Mid-Point Neutral) and connect neutral You will need two CTs
If one of the conductors (phase A or phase B) is grounded see Grounded Leg Service below for
recommendations
Ground
WH
ITE
BLA
CK
OslashB CT
OslashC CT
OslashA CT
OslashB
OslashC
N
OslashA
GND or CommonInput or Positive
Monitoring Equip-ment or Display
P1P2P3
COM
Out
put
Status
Status
Status
WATTNODEreg PULSE
WNB-WNB- -P
-P
Phase A
Phase B
WHITEBLACK
208-240 Vac
LINE
LOA
D
ShortingJumper Source
Faces
CurrentTransformers
3D-240
Installation 11
Three-Phase Four-Wire WyeThis is typically seen in commercial and industrial environments The conductors are neutral and
three power lines with AC waveforms shifted 120deg between phases The line voltage conductors
may be connected to the OslashA OslashB and OslashC terminals in any order so long as the CTs are con-nected to matching phases It is important that you connect N (neutral) for accurate measure-
ments For wye ldquo-3Yrdquo models the meter is powered from the N and OslashA terminals
Figure 5 Three-Phase Four-Wire Wye Connection
Recommended WattNode ModelsThe following table shows the WattNode models that should be used depending on the line-to-
neutral voltage and line-to-line voltage (also called phase-to-phase voltage)
Line-to-Neutral Voltage Line-to-Line Voltage WattNode Model120 Vac 208 Vac WNB-3Y-208-P
230 Vac 400 Vac WNB-3Y-400-P
277 Vac 480 Vac WNB-3Y-480-P
347 Vac 600 Vac WNB-3Y-600-P
Note you may also use the following delta WattNode models to measure three-phase four-wire
wye circuits The only difference is that delta WattNode models are powered from OslashA and OslashB
rather than N and OslashA If neutral is present it must be connected for accurate measurements
Line-to-Neutral Voltage Line-to-Line Voltage WattNode Model120 - 140 Vac 208 - 240 Vac WNB-3D-240-P
230 Vac 400 Vac WNB-3D-400-P
277 Vac 480 Vac WNB-3D-480-P
Ground
WH
ITE
BLA
CK
OslashB CT
OslashC CT
OslashA CT
OslashB
OslashC
N
OslashA
GND or CommonInput or Positive
Monitoring Equip-ment or Display
P1P2P3
COM
Out
put
Status
Status
Status
WATTNODEreg PULSE
WNB-WNB- -P
-P
Neutral
Phase A
Phase B
Phase C
LOA
D
WHITEBLACK
WH
ITE
BLA
CK
LINE
SourceFaces
CurrentTransformers
3Y-xxx3D-xxx
12 Installation
Three-Phase Three-Wire Delta Without NeutralThis is typically seen in manufacturing and industrial environments There is no neutral wire just
three power lines with AC waveforms shifted 120deg between the successive phases With this
configuration the line voltage wires may be connected to the OslashA OslashB and OslashC terminals in any
order so long as the CTs are connected to matching phases For these models the meter is
powered from the OslashA and OslashB (phase A and phase B) terminals Note all delta WattNode models
provide a neutral connection N which allows delta WattNode models to measure both wye and
delta configurations
For best accuracy we recommend connecting the N (neutral) terminal to earth ground This will
not cause ground current to flow because the neutral terminal is not used to power the meter
Figure 6 Three-Phase Three-Wire Delta Connection
Recommended WattNode ModelsThe following table shows the WattNode models that should be used depending on the line-to-
line voltage (also called phase-to-phase voltage)
Line-to-Line Voltage WattNode Model208 - 240 Vac WNB-3D-240-P
400 Vac WNB-3D-400-P
480 Vac WNB-3D-480-P
Three-Phase Four-Wire Delta (Wild Leg)The uncommon four-wire delta electrical service is a three-phase delta service with a center-tap
on one of the transformer windings to create a neutral for single-phase loads
See httpwwwccontrolsyscomwFour_Wire_Delta_Circuits for details
Grounded Leg ServiceIn rare cases with delta services or single-phase two-wire services without neutral one of the
phases may be grounded You can check for this by using a multimeter (DMM) to measure the
voltage between each phase and ground If you see a reading between 0 and 5 Vac that leg is
probably grounded (sometimes called a ldquogrounded deltardquo)
Ground
WH
ITE
BLA
CK
OslashB CT
OslashC CT
OslashA CT
OslashB
OslashC
N
OslashA
GND or CommonInput or Positive
Monitoring Equip-ment or Display
P1P2P3
COMO
utpu
t
Status
Status
Status
WATTNODEreg PULSE
WNB-WNB- -P
-P
Phase A
Phase B
Phase C
WHITEBLACK
WH
ITE
BLA
CK
LINE
LOA
D
SourceFaces
CurrentTransformers
3D-xxx
Installation 13
The WattNode meter will correctly measure services with a grounded leg but the measured
power for the grounded phase will be zero and the status LED will not light for whichever phase is
grounded because the voltage is near zero
For optimum accuracy with a grounded leg you should also connect the N (neutral) terminal
on the meter to the ground terminal this will not cause any ground current to flow because the
neutral terminal is not used to power the meter If you have a grounded leg configuration you can
save money by removing the CT for the grounded phase since all the power will be measured on
the non-grounded phases We recommend putting the grounded leg on the OslashB or OslashC inputs and
attaching a note to the meter indicating this configuration for future reference
MountingProtect the WattNode meter from moisture direct sunlight high temperatures and conductive
pollution (salt spray metal dust etc) If moisture or conductive pollution may be present use an
IP 66 or NEMA 4 rated enclosure to protect the meter Due to its exposed screw terminals the
meter must be installed in an electrical service panel an enclosure or an electrical room The
meter may be installed in any orientation directly to a wall of an electrical panel or junction box
Drawn to Scale
153 mm (602)
38 mm (150) High
Oslash 98 mm (0386)
Oslash 51 mm (0200)
1366 mm (5375)
851 mm
(335)
Figure 7 WattNode Meter Dimensions
The WattNode meter has two mounting holes spaced 5375 inches (137 mm) apart (center to
center) These mounting holes are normally obscured by the detachable screw terminals Remove
the screw terminals by pulling outward while rocking from end to end The meter or Figure 7
may be used as a template to mark mounting hole positions but do not drill the holes with the meter in the mounting position because the drill may damage the connectors and leave drill
shavings in the connectors
You may mount the meter with the supplied 8 self-tapping sheet metal screws using 18 inch
pilot hole (32 mm) Or you may use hook-and-loop fasteners If you use screws avoid over-tight-
ening which can crack the case If you donrsquot use the supplied screws the following sizes should
work (bold are preferred) use washers if the screws could pull through the mounting holes
14 Installation
Selecting Current TransformersThe rated full-scale current of the CTs should normally be chosen somewhat above the maximum
current of the circuit being measured (see Current Crest Factor below for more details) In some
cases you might select CTs with a lower rated current to optimize accuracy at lower current
readings Take care that the maximum allowable current for the CT can not be exceeded without
tripping a circuit breaker or fuse see Current Transformers (p 35)
We only offer CTs that measure AC current not DC current Significant DC current can saturate
the CT magnetic core reducing the AC accuracy Most loads only have AC current but some rare
loads draw DC current which can cause measurement errors See our website for more informa-
tion httpwwwccontrolsyscomwDC_Current_and_Half-Wave_Rectified_Loads
CTs can measure lower currents than they were designed for by passing the wire through the
CT more than once For example to measure currents up to 1 amp with a 5 amp CT loop the
wire through the CT five times The CT is now effectively a 1 amp CT instead of a 5 amp CT The
effective current rating of the CT is the labeled rating divided by the number of times that the wire
passes through the CT
If you are using the measurement phases of the WattNode (OslashA OslashB and OslashC) to measure different
circuits (as with Option P3) you can use CTs with different rated current on the different phases
Current Crest FactorThe term ldquocurrent crest factorrdquo is used to describe the ratio of the peak current to the RMS cur-
rent (the RMS current is the value reported by multimeters and the WattNode meter) Resistive
loads like heaters and incandescent lights have nearly sinusoidal current waveforms with a crest
factor near 14 Power factor corrected loads such as electronic lighting ballasts and computer
power supplies typically have a crest factor of 14 to 15 Battery chargers VFD motor controls
and other nonlinear loads can have current crest factors ranging from 20 to 30 and even higher
High current crest factors are usually not an issue when metering whole building loads but can
be a concern when metering individual loads with high current crest factors If the peak current is
too high the meterrsquos CT inputs can clip causing inaccurate readings
This means that when measuring loads with high current crest factors you may want to be
conservative in selecting the CT rated current For example if your load draws 10 amps RMS but
has a crest factor of 30 then the peak current is 30 amps If you use a 15 amp CT the meter will
not be able to accurately measure the 30 amp peak current Note this is a limitation of the meter
measurement circuitry not the CT
The following graph shows the maximum RMS current for accurate measurements as a function
of the current waveform crest factor The current is shown as a percentage of CT rated current
For example if you have a 10 amp load with a crest factor of 20 the maximum CT current is
approximately 85 Eighty-five percent of 15 amps is 1275 which is higher than 10 amps so
your measurements should be accurate On the other hand if you have a 40 amp load with a
crest factor of 40 the maximum CT current is 42 Forty-two percent of a 100 amp CT is 42
amps so you would need a 100 amp CT to accurately measure this 40 amp load
Screw Style USA UTS Sizes Metric SizesPan Head or Round Head 6 8 10 M35 M4 M5
Truss Head 6 8 M35 M4
Hex Washer Head (integrated washer) 6 8 M35 M4Hex Head (add washer) 6 8 10 M35 M4 M5
Table 2 Mounting Screws
Installation 15
80
100
120
140
0
20
40
60
80
10 15 20 25 30 35 40Crest Factor
Max
imum
Acc
urat
e C
T C
urre
nt(P
erce
nt o
f Rat
ed C
urre
nt)
Figure 8 Maximum CT Current vs Crest Factor
You frequently wonrsquot know the crest factor for your load In this case itrsquos generally safe to assume
the crest factor will fall in the 14 to 25 range and select CTs with a rated current roughly 150 of
the expected RMS current So if you expect to be measuring currents up to 30 amps select a 50
amp CT
Connecting Current Transformers Use only UL recognized current transformers (CTs) with built-in burden resistors that generate
033333 Vac (33333 millivolts AC) at rated current See Current Transformers (p 35) for
the maximum input current ratings
Do not use ratio (current output) CTs such as 1 amp or 5 amp output CTs they will destroy
the meter and present a shock hazard These are commonly labelled with a ratio like 1005
Find the arrow or label ldquoTHIS SIDE TOWARD SOURCErdquo on the CT and face toward the
current source generally the utility meter or the circuit breaker for branch circuits If CTs are
mounted backwards or with their white and black wires reversed the measured power will be
negative The diagnostic LEDs indicates negative power with flashing red LEDs
Be careful to match up the current transformers to the voltage phases being measured Make
sure the OslashA CT is measuring the line voltage connected to OslashA and the same for phases B
and C Use the supplied colored labels or tape to identify the wires
To prevent magnetic interference the CTs on different phases should be separated by 1 inch
(25 mm) The line voltage conductors for each phase should be separated by at least 1 inch
(25 mm) from each other and from neutral
For best accuracy the CT opening should not be much larger than the conductor If the CT
opening is much larger position the conductor in the center of the CT opening
Because CT signals are susceptible to interference we recommend keeping the CT wires
short and cutting off any excess length It is generally better to install the meter near the line
voltage conductors instead of extending the CT wires However you may extend the CT wires
by 300 feet (100 m) or more by using shielded twisted-pair cable and by running the CT wires
away from high current and line voltage conductors
OPTIONAL if you see spurious readings on unused phases jumper the unused CT inputs
To connect CTs pass the wire to be measured through the CT and connect the CT to the meter
Always remove power before disconnecting any live wires Put the line conductors through
the CTs as shown in the section Electrical Service Types (p 8) You may measure gener-
ated power by treating the generator as the source
16 Installation
Circuit ProtectionThe WattNode meter is considered ldquopermanently connected equipmentrdquo because it does not
use a conventional power cord that can be easily unplugged Permanently connected equip-ment must have overcurrent protection and be installed with a means to disconnect the equipment
A switch disconnect or circuit breaker may be used to disconnect the meter and must be
as close as practical to the meter If a switch or disconnect is used then there must also be a
fuse or circuit breaker of appropriate rating protecting the meter
WattNode meters only draw 10-30 milliamps CCS recommends using circuit breakers or
fuses rated for between 05 amps and 20 amps and rated for the line voltages and the cur-
rent interrupting rating required
The circuit breakers or fuses must protect the ungrounded supply conductors (the terminals
labeled OslashA OslashB and OslashC) If neutral is also protected (this is rare) then the overcurrent protec-
tion device must interrupt neutral and the supply conductors simultaneously
Any switches or disconnects should have at least a 1 amp rating and must be rated for the
line voltages
The circuit protection disconnect system must meet IEC 60947-1 and IEC 60947-3 as well
as all national and local electrical codes
The line voltage connections should be made with wire rated for use in a service panel or
junction box with a voltage rating sufficient for the highest voltage present CCS recommends
14 or 12 AWG (15 mm2 or 25 mm2) stranded wire rated for 300 or 600 volts Solid wire may
be used but must be routed carefully to avoid putting excessive stress on the screw terminal
The WattNode meter has an earth connection which should be connected for maximum
accuracy However this earth connection is not used for safety (protective) earthing
For solid-core CTs disconnect the line voltage conductor to install it through the CT opening
Split-core and bus-bar CTs can be opened for installation around a wire by puling the removable
section straight away from the rest of the CT or unhooking the latch it may require a strong pull
Some CT models include thumb-screws to secure the opening The removable section may fit
only one way so match up the steel core pieces when closing the CT If the CT seems to jam and
will not close the steel core pieces are probably not aligned correctly DO NOT FORCE together
Instead reposition or rock the removable portion until the CT closes without excessive force A
nylon cable tie can be secured around the CT to prevent inadvertent opening
Some split-core CT models have flat mating surfaces When installing this type of CT make sure
that mating surfaces are clean Any debris between the mating surfaces will increase the gap
decreasing accuracy
Next connect the CT lead wires to the meter terminals labeled OslashA CT OslashB CT and OslashC CT Route
the twisted black and white wires from the CT to the meter We recommend cutting off any
excess length to reduce the risk of interference Strip 14 inch (6 mm) of insulation off the ends of
the CT leads and connect to the six position black screw terminal block Connect each CT lead
with the white wire aligned with the white dot on the label and the black wire aligned with the
black dot Note the order in which the phases are connected as the voltage phases must match
the current phases for accurate power measurement
Finally record the CT rated current as part of the installation record for each meter If the conduc-
tors being measured are passed through the CTs more than once then the recorded rated CT
current is divided by the number of times that the conductor passes through the CT
Installation 17
Connecting Voltage TerminalsAlways turn off or disconnect power before connecting the voltage inputs to the meter Con-
nect each phase voltage to the appropriate input on the green terminal block also connect
ground and neutral (if required)
The voltage inputs to the meter do not need to be powered from to the same branch circuit as
the load being monitored In other words if you have a three-phase panel with a 100 A three-pole
breaker powering a motor that you wish to monitor you can power the meter (or several meters)
from a separate 20 A three-pole breaker installed in the same or even adjacent panel so long as
the load and voltage connections are supplied from the same electric service
The green screw terminals handle wire up to 12 AWG (25 mm2) Strip the wires to expose 14rdquo (6
mm) of bare copper When wiring the meter do not put more than one wire under a screw If you
need to distribute power to other meters use wire nuts or a power distribution block The section
Electrical Service Types (p 8) shows the proper connections for the different meter models
and electrical services Verify that the voltage line phases match the CT phases
If there is any doubt that the meter voltage rating is correct for the circuit being measured unplug
the green terminal block (to protect the meter) turn on the power and use a voltmeter to compare
the voltages (probe the terminal block screws) to the values in the white box on the meter front
label After testing plug in the terminal block making sure that is pushed in all the way
The WattNode meter is powered from the voltage inputs OslashA (phase A) to N (neutral) for wye
ldquo-3Yrdquo models or OslashA to OslashB for delta ldquo-3Drdquo models If the meter is not receiving at least 80 of the
nominal line voltage it may stop operating Since the meter consumes a small amount of power
itself (typically 1-3 watts) you may wish to power the meter from a separate circuit or place the
current transformers downstream of the meter so its power consumption is not measured
For best accuracy always connect the N (neutral) terminal on the meter If you are using a delta
meter and the circuit has no neutral then jumper the earth ground to the N (neutral) terminal
When power is first applied to the meter check that the LEDs behave normally (see Installa-tion LED Diagnostics (p 20) below) if you see the LEDs flashing red-green-red-green then
disconnect the power immediately This indicates the line voltage is too high for this model
10sec
GR GR GR GR GR GR
GR GR GR GR GR GR
GR GR GR GR GR GRCBA
Figure 9 WattNode LED Overvoltage Warning
Connecting Pulse Outputs The outputs P1 P2 and P3 should not be connected to negative voltages (except with
Option SSR) or to voltages greater than +60 Vdc
The recommended maximum current through the pulse output optoisolators is 5 mA
although they will generally switch 8-10 mA If you need to switch higher currents contact us
about Option SSR (solid-state relay) see Specifications - Option SSR Outputs (p 33)
The outputs are isolated (5000 Vac RMS) from dangerous voltages so you can connect them
with the meter powered The outputs are also isolated from the meterrsquos earth ground and
neutral connections
If the output wiring is located near line voltage wiring use wires or cables rated for the high-
est voltage present generally 300V or 600V rated wire
If this cable will be in the presence of bare conductors such as bus-bars it should be double
insulated or jacketed
When wiring over long distances use shielded twisted-pair cable to prevent interference
18 Installation
The pulse output channels are the collector and emitter of an optoisolator transistor (also called
a photocoupler) controlled by the meterrsquos pulse stream (see Option SSR Outputs (p 33) for
solid-state relay outputs) These outputs may be connected to most data monitoring devices that
expect a contact closure or relay input data loggers energy management systems etc Most of
these devices provide excitation voltage with internal pull-up resistors If your device does not the
following schematic illustrates connecting pull-up resistors on all three optoisolator outputs with a
pull-up voltage of 5 Vdc
5V
Rpullup Rpullup
P1
P2
P3
COM
RpullupWATTNODE
Figure 10 Optoisolator Outputs
The meter can have from one to three pulse output channels All three output channels share the
common COM or ground connection Each output channel has its own positive output connec-
tion labeled P1 P2 and P3 (tied to the transistor collectors)
Output AssignmentsThe following table shows the pulse output channel assignments for the standard bidirectional
output model and different options See Manual Supplement MS-10 for details about Option PV
and Manual Supplement MS-11 for details about Option DPO
WattNode Outputs P1 Output P2 Output P3 OutputStandard
Bidirectional Outputs
Positive real energy
(all phases)
Negative real energy
(all phases)
Not used
Option P3 Per-Phase Outputs
Phase A positive
real energy
Phase B positive
real energy
Phase C positive
real energy
Option PV Photovoltaic
Phases A+B positive
real energy
Phases A+B negative
real energy
Phase C positive
real energy
Option DPO Dual Positive Outputs
Positive real energy
(all phases)
Negative real energy
(all phases)
Positive real energy
(all phases)
Table 3 Pulse Output Assignments
Note we use the terms ldquopositiverdquo and ldquonegativerdquo but other common terms are ldquoproductionrdquo and
ldquoconsumptionrdquo You can wire the meter so that positive energy corresponds to either production
or consumption depending on your application
Installation 19
Pull-Up Resistor SelectionFor standard WattNode meters with the normal 400 Hz full-scale frequency pull-up resistor
values between 10kΩ and 100kΩ work well You may use values of 10MΩ or higher to reduce
power consumption for battery powered equipment Note pull-up resistor values of 10MΩ or
higher will make the pulse output signal more susceptible to interference so you may want to
keep the wiring short use shielded cable and avoid running the pulse signal near AC wiring
The following table lists pull-up resistor values (in ohms kilo-ohms and mega-ohms) to use
with the pulse output channels particularly if you have ordered a model with a pulse frequency
different than 400 Hz For each configuration the table lists a recommended value followed by
minimum and maximum resistor values These values typically result in a pulse waveform rise
time (from 20 to 80 of the pull-up voltage) of less than 10 of the total pulse period The fall
time is roughly constant in the 2 to 10 microsecond range Lower resistance will result in faster
switching and increase the current flow If your frequency isnrsquot in the table use the next higher
frequency or interpolate between two values
Full-Scale Pulse
Frequency
Pull-up to 30 Vdc Recommended
(Min-Max)
Pull-up to 50 Vdc Recommended
(Min-Max)
Pull-up to 12 Vdc Recommended
(Min-Max)
Pull-up to 24 Vdc Recommended
(Min-Max)1 Hz 470kΩ (600Ω-47M) 470kΩ (10k-56M) 470kΩ (24k-75M) 10MΩ (47k-91M)
4 Hz 100kΩ (600Ω-12M) 100kΩ (10k-16M) 100kΩ (24k-22M) 200kΩ (47k-30M)10 Hz 47kΩ (600Ω-470k) 47kΩ (10k-620k) 47kΩ (24k-910k) 100kΩ (47k-13M)
50 Hz 10kΩ (600Ω-91k) 10kΩ (10k-130k) 20kΩ (24k-200k) 47kΩ (47k-270k)
100 Hz 47kΩ (600Ω-47k) 47kΩ (10k-62k) 10kΩ (24k-100k) 20kΩ (47k-130k)
200 Hz 20kΩ (600Ω-24k) 20kΩ (10k-33k) 47kΩ (24k-47k) 10kΩ (47k-68k)
600 Hz 20kΩ (600Ω-82k) 20kΩ (10k-12k) 47kΩ (24k-16k) 10kΩ (47k-22k)
Table 4 Recommended Pulse Output Pull-up Resistors
When the optoisolator is on (conducting) there is a small voltage drop between the common and
output terminals typically 01 - 04 volts called the saturation voltage This voltage depends on
the current flow through the optoisolator (see Specifications - Optoisolator Outputs (p 32) below for details) To compute the current flow through the optoisolator use the following approxi-
mate equation
Vpullup - The supply voltage for the pull-up resistor (DC volts)
Rpullup - The pull-up resistor resistance (ohms)
Iopto - The approximate current (amps) through the optoisolator when it is on (conducting)
Iopto = Vpullup Rpullup
Installation Summary1) Mount the WattNode meter
2) Turn off power before installing solid-core (non-opening) CTs or making voltage connections
3) Mount the CTs around the line voltage conductors being measured Take care to orient the
CTs facing the source of power
4) Connect the twisted white and black wires from the CT to the six position black terminal
block on the meter matching the wire colors to the white and black dots on the front label
5) Connect the voltage wires including ground and neutral (if present) to the green terminal
block and check that the current (CT) phases match the voltage measurement phases
6) Connect the pulse output terminals of the meter to the monitoring equipment
7) Apply power to the meter
8) Verify that the LEDs light correctly and donrsquot indicate an error condition
20 Installation
Installation LED DiagnosticsThe WattNode meter includes multi-color power diagnostic LEDs for each phase to help verify
correct operation and diagnose incorrect wiring The LEDs are marked ldquoStatusrdquo on the label The
following diagrams and descriptions explain the various LED patterns and their meanings The A
B and C on the left side indicate the phase of the LEDs Values like ldquo10secrdquo and ldquo30secrdquo indi-
cate the time the LEDs are lit in seconds In the diagrams sometimes the colors are abbreviated
R = red G or Grn = green Y = yellow
Normal StartupOn initial power-up the LEDs will all light up in a red
yellow green sequence After this startup sequence the
LEDs will show the status such as Normal Operation
below
Normal OperationDuring normal operation when positive power is measured
on a phase the LED for that phase will flash green Typical
flash rates are shown below
Percent of Full-Scale Power LED Flash Rate Flashes in 10 Seconds100 50 Hz 50
50 36 Hz 36
25 25 Hz 25
10 16 Hz 16
5 11 Hz 11
1 (and lower) 05 Hz 5
Table 5 LED Flash Rates vs Power
Zero PowerFor each phase if line Vac is present but the measured
power is below the minimum that the meter will measure (see
Specifications - Measurement - Creep Limit) the meter will display solid green for that phase
Inactive PhaseIf the meter detects no power and line voltage below 20 of
nominal it will turn off the LED for the phase
Negative PowerIf one or more of the phase LEDs are flashing red it
indicates negative power (power flowing into the grid) on
those phases The rate of flashing indicates magnitude of
negative power (see Table 5 above) This can happen for
the following reasons
This is a bidirectional power measurement application such as a photovoltaic system where
negative power occurs whenever you generate more power than you consume
The current transformer (CT) for this phase was installed backwards on the current carrying
wire or the white and black wires for the CT were reversed at the meter This can be solved
by flipping the CT on the wire or swapping the white and black wires at the meter
In some cases this can also occur if the CT wires are connected to the wrong inputs such
as if the CT wires for phases B and C are swapped
10sec10sec10sec
GreenYellowRed
GreenYellowRed
GreenYellowRed
CBA
Green Off Green Off Green Off
Green
Off
CBA Red Off Red Off Red Off
Red Off Red Off RedOff
Red Off Red Off Red Off
Installation 21
Note if all three LEDs are flashing red and they always turn on and off together like the diagram
for Low Line Voltage below then the meter is experiencing an error or low line voltage not nega-
tive power
Erratic FlashingIf the LEDs are flashing slowly and erratically sometimes
green sometimes red this generally indicates one of the
following
Earth ground is not connected to the meter (the top
connection on the green screw terminal)
Voltage is connected for a phase but the current transformer is not connected or the CT has
a loose connection
In some cases particularly for a circuit with no load this may be due to electrical noise This
is not harmful and can generally be disregarded provided that you are not seeing substantial
measured power when there shouldnrsquot be any Try turning on the load to see if the erratic
flashing stops
To fix this try the following
Make sure earth ground is connected
If there are unused current transformer inputs install a shorting jumper for each unused CT (a
short length of wire connected between the white and black dots marked on the label)
If there are unused voltage inputs (on the green screw terminal) connect them to neutral (if
present) or earth ground (if neutral isnrsquot available)
If you suspect noise may be the problem try moving the meter away from the source of
noise Also try to keep the CT wires as short as possible and cut off excess wire
Meter Not OperatingIt should not be possible for all three LEDs to stay off
when the meter is powered because the phase powering
the meter will have line voltage present Therefore if all
LEDs are off the meter is either not receiving sufficient
line voltage to operate or is malfunctioning and needs to be returned for service Verify that the
voltage on the Vac screw terminals is within plusmn20 of the nominal operating voltages printed in the
white rectangle on the front label
Meter ErrorIf the meter experiences an internal error it will light all
LEDs red for three seconds (or longer) If you see this
happen repeatedly return the meter for service
Bad CalibrationThis indicates that the meter has detected bad calibration
data and must be returned for service
Line Voltage Too HighWhenever the meter detects line voltages over 125 of
normal for one or more phases it will display a fast red
green flashing for the affected phases This is harmless if
it occurs due a momentary surge but if the line voltage is
high continuously the power supply may fail If you see continuous over-voltage flashing disconnect the meter immediately Check that the model
and voltage rating is correct for the electrical service
GrnRedGrn
GreenRed
Grn Red
CBA Off Off Off
Off Off Red
Off Red Off
Off
Off
Off
CBA
30sec
Red
Red
Red
CBA
Yellow
Red
Red
CBA
10sec
GR GR GR GR GR GR
GR GR GR GR GR GR
GR GR GR GR GR GRCBA
22 Installation
Bad Line FrequencyIf the meter detects a power line frequency below 45 Hz
or above 70 Hz it will light all the LEDs yellow for at least
three seconds The LEDs will stay yellow until the line
frequency returns to normal During this time the meter
should continue to accurately measure power This can
occur in the presence of extremely high noise such as if the meter is too close to an unfiltered
variable frequency drive
Low Line VoltageThese LED patterns occur if the line voltage is too low
for the meter to operate correctly and the meter reboots
repeatedly The pattern will be synchronized on all three
LEDs Verify that the voltage on the Vac screw terminals is
not more than 20 lower than the nominal operating volt-
ages printed in the white rectangle on the front label If the
voltages are in the normal range and the meter continues
to display one of these patterns return it for service
30secCBA
Yellow
Yellow
Yellow
10sec
YRed
YRed
YRed
CBA
YRed
YRed
YRed
CBA
R
R
R
R
R
R
R
R
R
R
R
R
R
R
R
R
R
R
10sec
Measurement TroubleshootingIf the WattNode meter does not appear to be operating correctly or generating expected pulses
start by checking the diagnostic LEDs as described in the previous section Installation LED Diagnostics (p 20) Then double check the installation instructions If there are still problems
check the following
No Pulses Make sure the load is turned on
If the LEDs are flashing green then the meter is measuring positive power and should output
pulses on P1 so there may be something wrong with the pulse output connection or you
may need a pull-up resistor see Connecting Pulse Outputs (p 17)
If the LEDs on one or more phases are flashing red then the total power may be negative
in which case the meter wonrsquot generate positive energy pulses If you have a bidirectional
model you can check for negative energy pulses on the P2 output If this is the case check
that the line phases match the CT phases that all the CTs face the source of power and that
the CT white and black wires are connected correctly
If all the LEDs are solid green (or off) then the measured power is below the creep limit
(11500th of full-scale) and the meter will not generate any pulses See Specifications - Creep Limit (p 32)
If the LEDs are flashing green slowly the power may be very low A WattNode meter with a
nominal output frequency of 400 Hz can have a pulse period of several minutes at very low
power levels
If all the LEDs are off then the meter does not have sufficient line voltage to operate or has
malfunctioned Use a DMM (multimeter) to verify that the voltage on the Vac screw terminals
is within -20 +15 of the nominal operating voltage
Incorrect Power or Energy ReadingsThis can be caused by any of the following
An incorrect estimate of expected power or energy readings If possible try to verify the
actual energy power or current with a handheld power meter or current clamp
Installation 23
Incorrect scale factors to convert from pulses to energy and power This is commonly caused
by using the normal scale factors with an Option P3 meter or selecting the wrong row of
column from the tables
Some pulse counting equipment (data loggers etc) counts both rising and falling edges as
pulses resulting in a count that is double the intended value This can normally be corrected
by reconfiguring the device or dividing the scale factor by 20
Some pulse monitoring devices cannot handle fast pulse rates If the pulses occur too close
together some may be missed by the monitoring device Check the specifications of your
monitoring device or contact CCS support for assistance
The CTs are not installed on the correct line phases Verify that the CT phasing matches the
line Vac inputs
The measured current exceeds the CT rating This can saturate CT or the WattNode meter
input circuitry resulting in lower than expected readings If possible use a current clamp to
measure the current and make sure it is below the CT rated amps
The measured current is too small Most current transformers are only specified to meet
their accuracy from 10 to 100 of rated current In practice most CTs work reasonably
well down to 1 of rated current Very low currents may not register properly resulting in low
power or no power reported
Interference from a variable frequency or variable speed drive VFD VSD inverter or the
like Generally these drives should not interfere with the meter but if they are in very close
proximity or if the CT leads are long interference can occur Try moving the meter at least
three feet (one meter) away from any VFDs Use short CT leads if possible NEVER connect
the meter downstream of a VFD the varying line frequency and extreme noise will cause
problems
The CTs may be malfunctioning If possible use a current clamp to verify the current then
use a DMM (multimeter) to measure the AC voltage between the white and black wires from
the CT (leave them connected to the meter during this test) At rated current the CT output
voltage should equal 0333 Vac (333 millivolts AC) At lower currents the voltage should scale
linearly so at 20 of rated current the output voltage should be 020 0333 = 00666 Vac
(666 millivolts AC)
The meter is not functioning correctly if possible swap the meter for another unit of the
same model
24 Operating Instructions
Operating InstructionsPulse Outputs
The WattNode meter generates pulse outputs using one or more optoisolators (also called
photocouplers) These provide 5000 Vac of isolation using an LED and a photo-transistor This
allows the meter to be interfaced to monitoring or data logging hardware without concerns about
interference ground loops shock hazard etc
Depending on the options selected the Pulse WattNode meter can generate full-scale pulses at
output frequencies ranging from less than 1 Hz to 600 Hz The standard full-scale pulse output
frequency is 400 Hz The standard model provides two pulse streams for measuring bidirectional
power With Option P3 there are three pulse channels for independently measuring each phase
or three single-phase circuits
The pulse outputs are approximately square-waves with equal on and off periods The frequency
of pulses is proportional to the measured power When the measured power is constant the
pulse frequency is constant and the output is an exact square-wave If the power is increasing
or decreasing the output waveform will not be a perfect square-wave as the on and off periods
are getting longer or shorter If you need a fixed or minimum pulse duration (closed period) see
Manual Supplement MS-17 Option PW (Pulse Width)
We define a ldquopulserdquo as a full cycle including both an Open Closed and an Closed Open
transition You can choose either a rising or falling edge to start a pulse the end of the pulse will
be the next matching edge Some monitoring equipment or data loggers can be configured to
count both rising and falling edges if your equipment is configured this way you will count twice
as many pulses as expected This can normally be corrected by reconfiguring the equipment or
adjusting the scale factors by a factor of 2
Open
Closed
400ms400ms
800ms
400ms400ms
800ms
400ms400ms
800ms
Figure 11 Output Pulses for Steady Power
Open
Closed
200ms
200ms
200ms
200ms
300ms400ms500ms500ms
1000ms 700ms 400ms 400ms
Figure 12 Output Pulses for Increasing Power
See Connecting Pulse Outputs (p 17) and Specifications - Pulse Outputs (p 32) for
more information
Operating Instructions 25
Power and Energy ComputationEvery pulse from the meter corresponds to a fixed amount of energy Power (watts) is energy
divided by time which can be measured as pulses per second (or pulses per hour) The following
scale factor tables and equations convert from pulses to energy (watt-hours or kilowatt-hours) for
different models
If you have ordered a custom full-scale pulse output frequency then see the
Power and Energy Equations section below For Option PV (Photovoltaic) see
Manual Supplement MS-10 Option PV for scale factors
Scale Factors - Standard Bidirectional Outputs (and Option DPO)The following table provides scale factors for standard bidirectional output models with a full-
scale pulse output frequency of 400 Hz This table also works for 400 Hz models with Option DPO Equations to compute power and energy follow the scale factor tables
CT Size (amps)
Watt-hours per pulse (WHpP) Pulses Per kilowatt-hour (PpKWH)3Y-208 3D-240
3Y-400 3D-400
3Y-480 3D-480
3Y-6003Y-208 3D-240
3Y-400 3D-400
3Y-480 3D-480
3Y-600
5 0125 02396 02885 03615 800000 417391 346570 276657
15 0375 07188 08656 10844 266667 139130 115524 922190
20 0500 09583 11542 14458 200000 104348 866426 691643
30 0750 14375 17313 21688 133333 695652 577617 461095
50 1250 23958 28854 36146 800000 417391 346570 276657
60 1500 28750 34625 43375 666667 347826 288809 230548
70 1750 33542 40396 50604 571429 298137 247550 197612
100 2500 47917 57708 72292 400000 208696 173285 138329
150 3750 71875 86563 10844 266667 139130 115523 92219
200 5000 95833 11542 14458 200000 104348 86643 69164
250 6250 11979 14427 18073 160000 83478 69314 55331
300 7500 14375 17313 21688 133333 69565 57762 46110
400 10000 19167 23083 28917 100000 52174 43321 34582
600 15000 28750 34625 43375 66667 34783 28881 23055
800 20000 38333 46167 57833 50000 26087 21661 17291
1000 25000 47917 57708 72292 40000 20870 17329 13833
1200 30000 57500 69250 86750 33333 17391 14440 11527
1500 37500 71875 86563 10844 26667 13913 11552 92219
2000 50000 95833 11542 14458 20000 10435 86643 69164
3000 75000 14375 17313 21688 13333 69565 57762 46110
any CtAmps 40
CtAmps 2087
CtAmps 17329
CtAmps 13833
40000 CtAmps
20870 CtAmps
17329 CtAmps
13833 CtAmps
Table 6 Scale Factors - Bidirectional Outputs
Contact CCS for scale factors for models with full-scale pulse output frequencies other than 400
Hz
26 Operating Instructions
Scale Factors - Option P3 Per-Phase OutputsThe following table provides scale factors for Option P3 models with a full-scale pulse output
frequencies of 400 Hz for each phase Note with Option P3 different phases can use different
CTs with different rated currents
WARNING Only use this table if you have Option P3 (Per-Phase Outputs)
CT Size (amps)
Watt-hours per pulse (WHpP) Pulses Per kilowatt-hour (PpKWH)3Y-208 3D-240
3Y-400 3D-400
3Y-480 3D-480
3Y-6003Y-208 3D-240
3Y-400 3D-400
3Y-480 3D-480
3Y-600
5 004167 007986 009618 012049 240000 125217 103971 829971
15 01250 02396 02885 03615 800000 417391 346570 276657
20 01667 03194 03847 04819 600000 313043 259928 207493
30 02500 04792 05771 07229 400000 208696 173285 138329
50 04167 07986 09618 12049 240000 125217 103971 829971
60 05000 09583 11542 14458 200000 104348 866426 691643
70 05833 11181 13465 16868 171429 894410 742651 592837
100 08333 15972 19236 24097 120000 626087 519856 414986
150 12500 23958 28854 36146 800000 417391 346570 276657
200 16667 31944 38472 48194 600000 313043 259928 207493
250 20833 39931 48090 60243 480000 250435 207942 165994
300 25000 47917 57708 72292 400000 208696 173285 138329
400 33333 63889 76944 96389 300000 156522 129964 103746
600 50000 95833 11542 14458 200000 104348 86643 69164
800 66667 12778 15389 19278 150000 78261 64982 51873
1000 83333 15972 19236 24097 120000 62609 51986 41499
1200 10000 19167 23083 28917 100000 52174 43321 34582
1500 12500 23958 28854 36146 80000 41739 34657 27666
2000 16667 31944 38472 48194 60000 31304 25993 20749
3000 25000 47917 57708 72292 40000 20870 17329 13833
any CtAmps 12000
CtAmps 62609
CtAmps 51986
CtAmps 41499
120000 CtAmps
62609 CtAmps
51986 CtAmps
41499 CtAmps
Table 7 Scale Factors - Per-Phase Outputs (Option P3)
Scale Factor EquationsUsing the ldquoWatt-hours per pulserdquo WHpP value from the table above for your model and current
transformer you can compute energy and power as follows
PulseCount - This is the count of pulses used to compute energy You can use the count of
pulses over specified periods of time (like a month) to measure the energy for that period of
time
PulseFreq - This is the measured pulse frequency (Hertz) out of the meter This can also be
computed by counting the number of pulses in a fixed period of time and then dividing by the
number of seconds in that time period For example if you count 720 pulses in five minutes
(300 seconds) then PulseFreq = 720 300 = 240 Hz
Energy (watt-hours) = WHpP PulseCount
Power (watts) = WHpP 3600 PulseFreq
To convert these values to kilowatt-hours and kilowatts divide by 1000
Operating Instructions 27
Using the ldquoPulses Per kilowatt-hourrdquo PpKWH value from the table above for your model and
current transformer you can compute energy and power as follows (multiply by 1000 to convert
kilowatts to watts)
Energy (kilowatt-hours) = PulseCount PpKWH
Power (kilowatts) = 3600 PulseFreq PpKWH
Power and Energy EquationsThis section shows how to compute power and energy from pulses for any full-scale pulse output
frequency The power is proportional to the pulse frequency while the energy is proportional to
the count of pulses
For these calculations we use the following variables
NVac - This is the nominal line voltage (phase to neutral) of the WattNode model For delta
model this is a virtual voltage since there may not be a neutral connection Note this is not the actual measured voltage
PpPO - ldquoPhases per Pulse Outputrdquo This is the number of meter voltage phases associ-
ated with a pulse output channel This may be different than the number of phases you are
monitoring
Standard and Option DPO (Dual Positive Outputs) PpPO = 3
Option P3 (Per-Phase Outputs) PpPO = 1
Option PV (Photovoltaic) PpPO = 2 for outputs P1 and P2 PpPO = 1 for output P3 CtAmps - This is the current transformer (CT) rated amps Note If the conductors being
measured are passed through the CTs more than once then CtAmps is the rated CT current
divided by the number of times that the conductor passes through the CT
FSHz - This is the full-scale pulse frequency of the meter It is 400 Hz unless the meter was
ordered with Option Hz=xxx (where xxx specifies the full-scale pulse frequency) or Option Kh
PulseCount - This is the measured pulse count used to compute energy You can use the
count of pulses over specified periods of time (such as a month) to measure the energy for
that period of time
PulseFreq - This is the measured pulse frequency from one of the pulse channels (P1 P2
or P3) This can be computed by counting the number of pulses in a fixed period of time and
then dividing by the number of seconds in that time period For example if you count 720
pulses in five minutes (300 seconds) then PulseFreq = 720 300 = 240 Hz
The values of the constant parameters are in the following table
WattNode Models NVac Standard FSHz ValuesWNB-3Y-208-P 120 400 Hz
WNB-3Y-400-P 230 400 Hz
WNB-3Y-480-P 277 400 Hz
WNB-3Y-600-P 347 400 Hz
WNB-3D-240-P 120 400 Hz
WNB-3D-400-P 230 400 Hz
WNB-3D-480-P 277 400 Hz
Note these are ldquovirtualrdquo line-to-neutral voltages used for delta model power
and energy computations
Table 8 Power and Energy Parameters
28 Operating Instructions
Watt-Hours per Pulse
FSHz 3600PpPO NVac CtAmpsWHpP =
Watt-Hours per Pulse per CT Rated AmpThere is an alternate way of computing the energy reported by a meter using the variable
WHpPpA (watt-hours per pulse per CT rated amp) If you multiply the WHpPpA by the amp rating
of your CTs the result will be the watt-hours measured each time the meter generates a pulse
EnergyPerPulse (WH) = WHpPpA CtAmps
The standard WHpPpA values are listed in the following table These only apply for models with a
400 Hz full-scale pulse frequency
WattNode ModelsWatt-Hours per Pulse per CT Rated Amp (FSHz = 400)
Standard and
Option DPO Outputs
Option P3
Per-Phase Outputs
WNB-3Y-208-P 002500 0008333
WNB-3Y-400-P 004792 001597
WNB-3Y-480-P 005771 001924
WNB-3Y-600-P 007229 002410
WNB-3D-240-P 002500 0008333
WNB-3D-400-P 004792 001597
WNB-3D-480-P 005771 001924
Table 9 Watt-Hours per Pulse per CT Rated Amp
For example a WNB-3Y-208-P with a full-scale pulse frequency of 400 Hz has a WHpPpA value
of 00250 With 15 amp CTs it will output one pulse for every 0375 watt-hours
(0025) (150 amps) = 0375 watt-hours
It is easy to use the WHpPpA value to compute energy
Energy (Wh) = WHpPpA CtAmps PulseCount
For non-standard models you can compute WHpPpA as follows
FSHz 3600PpPO NVacWHpPpA =
Energy EquationThe following equation computes the energy (watt-hours) associated with a pulse output channel
By using the PulseCount for different periods of time (day week month etc) you can measure
the energy over different time periods You can convert this to kilowatt-hours by dividing by 1000
The 3600 term in the denominator converts from watt-seconds to watt-hours Note use NVac
value from Table 8 above
FSHz 3600Energy (WH) =
NVac PpPO CtAmps PulseCount
Pulses per Watt-Hour
NVac PpPO CtAmpsFSHz 3600PpWH =
Operating Instructions 29
Pulses Per Kilowatt-Hour
NVac PpPO CtAmpsFSHz 3600 1000PpKWH =
Full-Scale Power EquationThe following equation computes the nominal full-scale power associated with a pulse output
channel For bidirectional output models this is the full-scale power for all phases together For
per-phase output models this is the full-scale power for a single phase Note use NVac value
from Table 8 Power and Energy Parameters above
Full-Scale Power (W) = NVac PpPO CtAmps
Power EquationThe following equation computes the power associated with a pulse output The PulseFreq value
may be measured or averaged over different time periods to compute the average power (also
called demand) Note use NVac value from Table 8 above
FSHzNVac PpPO CtAmps PulseFreqPower (W ) =
Maintenance and RepairThe WattNode Pulse meter requires no maintenance There are no user serviceable or replace-
able parts except the pluggable screw terminals
The WattNode meter should not normally need to be cleaned but if cleaning is desired power
must be disconnected first and a dry or damp cloth or brush should be used
The WattNode meter is not user serviceable In the event of any failure the meter must be
returned for service (contact CCS for an RMA) In the case of a new installation follow the diag-
nostic and troubleshooting instructions before returning the meter for service to ensure that the
problem is not connection related
30 Specifications
SpecificationsModels
ModelNominal Vac
Line-to-NeutralNominal Vac Line-to-Line
Phases Wires
WNB-3Y-208-P 120 208ndash240 3 4
WNB-3Y-400-P 230 400 3 4
WNB-3Y-480-P 277 480 3 4
WNB-3Y-600-P 347 600 3 4
WNB-3D-240-P 120 208ndash240 3 3ndash4
WNB-3D-400-P 230 400 3 3ndash4
WNB-3D-480-P 277 480 3 3ndash4
Note the delta models have an optional neutral connection that may be used for measuring
wye circuits In the absence of neutral voltages are measured with respect to ground Delta
WattNode models use the phase A and phase B connections for power
Table 10 WattNode Models
Model OptionsAny of these models are available with the following options
Bidirectional Outputs - (this is the standard model) This model has two pulse output chan-
nels P1 generates pulses in proportion to the total real positive energy while P2 generates
pulses in proportion to the total real negative energy The individual phase energies are all
added together every 200 ms If the result is positive it is accumulated for the P1 output if
negative it is accumulated for the P2 output If one phase has negative power (-100 W) while
the other two phases have positive power (+100 W each) the negative phase will subtract
from the positive phases resulting in a net of 100 W causing pulses on P1 but no pulses on
P2 There will only be pulses on P2 if the sum of all three phases is negative
Option P3 Per-Phase Outputs - Models with this option have three pulse output channels
P1 P2 and P3 Each generates pulses in proportion to the real positive energy measured on
one phase (phases A B and C respectively)
Option DPO Dual Positive Outputs - This option is like the standard model with
bidirectional outputs but with the addition of the P3 output channel The P3 chan-
nel indicates positive real energy just like the P1 channel This is useful when the meter
needs to be connected to two different devices such as a display and a data logger See
Manual Supplement MS-11 Option DPO (Dual Positive Outputs) for details
Option PV Photovoltaic - The photovoltaic option measures residential PV systems It
allows one WattNode meter to measure the bidirectional total house energy and the PV (or
wind) generated energy See Manual Supplement MS-10 Option PV (Photovoltaic) for details
Option Hz Custom Pulse Output Frequency - WattNode meters are available with custom
full-scale pulse output frequencies ranging from 001 Hz to 600 Hz (150 Hz maximum for
Options P3 DPO and PV ) For custom frequencies specify Option Hz=nnn where nnn
is the desired full-scale frequency To specify different frequencies for P1 P2 and P3 use
Option Hz=rrrsssttt where P1 frequency = rrr P2 frequency = sss P3 frequency = ttt
Option SSR Solid State Relay Output - Replaces the standard optoisolator outputs with
solid state relays capable of switching 500 mA at up to 40 Vac or plusmn60 Vdc See Option SSR Outputs below for details
Option TVS=24 - Install 24 V bidirectional TVS protection diodes across P1 P2 and P3
outputs Used with Option SSR when driving 12 Vdc electromechanical counters to protect
the solid-state relays from the inductive kickback of the counter
Specifications 31
Option PW Pulse Width - This specifies the pulse ON (closed or conducting) period in
milliseconds For example Opt PW=100 configures 100 millisecond pulse ON periods See
Manual Supplement MS-17 Option PW (Pulse Width) for details
Option Kh Watt-hour Constant - This specifies the watt-hour constant or the number of
watt-hours that must accumulate for each pulse generated by the meter Each pulse includes
an ON (conducting) and OFF period The number of watt-hours may be small even less than
one or large For example Opt Kh=1000 specifies one pulse per 1000 watt-hours (one pulse
per kilowatt-hour) See httpwwwccontrolsyscomwOption_Kh
Option CT Current Transformer Rated Amps - This specifies the rated
amps of the attached current transformers This is only used in conjunc-
tion with Option Kh It may be specified as Opt CT=xxx or Opt CT=xxxyyyzzz if there are CTs with different rated amps on different phases See
httpwwwccontrolsyscomwWattNode_Pulse_-_Option_CT_-_CT_Rated_Amps
AccuracyThe following accuracy specifications do not include errors caused by the current transformer
accuracy or phase angle errors ldquoRated currentrdquo is the current that generates a CT output voltage
of 033333 Vac
Condition 1 - Normal OperationLine voltage -20 to +15 of nominal
Power factor 10
Frequency 48 - 62 Hz
Ambient Temperature 25degC
CT Current 5 - 100 of rated current
Accuracy plusmn05 of reading
Condition 2 - Low CT CurrentAll conditions the same as Condition 1 exceptCT Current 1 - 5 of rated current
Accuracy plusmn10 of reading
Condition 3 ndash Very Low CT CurrentAll conditions the same as Condition 1 exceptCT Current 02 - 1 of rated current
Accuracy plusmn30 of reading
Condition 4 - High CT CurrentAll conditions the same as Condition 1 exceptCT Current 100 - 120 of rated current
Accuracy plusmn10 of reading
Condition 5 - Low Power FactorAll conditions the same as Condition 1 exceptPower factor 05 (plusmn60 degree phase shift between current and voltage)
Additional Error plusmn05 of reading
Condition 6 - Temperature VariationAll conditions the same as Condition 1 exceptAmbient Temperature -30degC to +55degC
Additional Error plusmn075 of reading
32 Specifications
Note Option PV WattNode models may not meet these accuracy specifications for the P3
output channel when measuring a two-phase inverter or multiple inverters
Pulse OutputsFactory Programmable Full-Scale Pulse Frequencies
Standard (All Models) 400 Hz
Custom (Bidirectional Output Models) 001 Hz to 600 Hz
Custom (Option P3 Option PV Option DPO) 001 Hz to 150 Hz
Absolute Maximum Pulse Output FrequenciesStandard Models (Bidirectional Outputs) 900 Hz
Option P3 Option PV Option DPO 200 Hz
Output Waveform square-wave ~50 duty cycle
Option PW programmable pulse ON (closed or conducting period 1 to 65535 milliseconds
Optoisolator OutputsIsolation 5000 Vac RMS
Breakdown Voltage (collectorndashemitter) 60 V (exceeding this may destroy the outputs)
Maximum Reverse Voltage (emitter-collector) 5 Vdc (exceeding may destroy the outputs)
Maximum Leakage (OFF) Current (collectorndashemitter) 100 nA
Recommended Load Current (collectorndashemitter) 1 μA (microamp) to 5 mA (milliamp)
Maximum Load (collectorndashemitter) Current ~8 mA
Approximate ON Resistance (as measured by a DMM) 100 Ω to 2000 Ω
Approximate OFF Resistance (as measured by a DMM) gt 50 MΩ
MeasurementCreep Limit 0067 (11500th) of full-scale Whenever the apparent power (a combination of the
real and reactive power values) for a phase drops below the creep limit the output power (real)
for the phase will be forced to zero Also if the line voltage for a phase drops below 20 of
nominal Vac the output power for the phase will be set to zero These limits prevent spurious
pulses due to measurement noise
Update Rate ~200 milliseconds Internally the consumed energy is measured at this rate and
used to update the pulse output rate
Start-Up Time approximately 500 milliseconds The meter starts measuring power and generat-
ing pulses 500 milliseconds after AC voltage is applied
Current Transformer Phase Angle Correction 10 degree leading Current transformers (CTs)
typically have a leading phase angle error ranging from 02 degrees to 25 degrees The
WattNode meter is normally programmed to correct for a 10 degree phase lead to provide
good accuracy with typical CTs
Over-Voltage Limit 125 of nominal Vac If the line voltage for one or more phases exceeds this
limit the status LEDs for these phases will flash alternating red-green as a warning Extended
over-voltage operation can damage the meter and void the warranty See Line Voltage Too High (p 21)
Over-Current Limit 120 of rated current Exceeding 120 of rated current will not harm the
WattNode meter but the current and power will not be measured accurately
Specifications 33
Saturation Voltage vs Load Current this is the typical voltage (at room temperature) mea-
sured between the COM terminal and P1 P2 or P3 when the optoisolator is on (conduct-
ing) Ideally this voltage would be zero but instead it varies with the load current
10
100
1000
001 01 1 10
Opt
oiso
lato
r Sat
urat
ion
Vce
(mill
ivol
ts)
Optoisolator Current (mA)
Figure 13 Optoisolator Saturation Voltage vs Load Current
Output Rise Time (microseconds) approximately Rpullup 100 where Rpullup is the pull-
up resistor value (in ohms) and the pull-up voltage is 5 Vdc Rise time is defined as the time
for the output voltage to rise from 20 to 80 of the pull-up voltage
Output Fall Time approximately 2-3 microseconds with a 5 Vdc pull-up voltage
Option SSR OutputsIsolation 5000 Vac RMS
Breakdown Voltage plusmn60 Vdc or 40 Vac can switch positive negative or AC voltages
Maximum Leakage (Off) Current 1000 nA (1 μA)
On Resistance 10 to 25 Ω
Maximum Load Current 500 mA
Output Turn On Time (milliseconds) 18 ms typical 50 ms maximum
Output Turn Off Time (milliseconds) 05 ms typical 20 ms maximum
Maximum Recommended Pulse Frequency 30 Hz
ElectricalPower Consumption The following table shows typical power consumption and power factor
values with all three phases powered at nominal line voltages The power supply draws
most of the total power consumed while the measurement circuitry draws 1-10 of the total
(6-96 milliwatts per phase depending on the model) Due to the design of the power supply
WattNode meters draw slightly more power at 50 Hz
34 Specifications
ModelActive
Power at 60 Hz
Active Power at
50 Hz
Power Factor
Rated Power
Power Supply Range
Power Supply
TerminalsWNB-3Y-208-P 16 W 18 W 075 3 W 96 ndash 138 Vac N and OslashAWNB-3Y-400-P 16 W 18 W 064 3 W 184 ndash 264 Vac N and OslashAWNB-3Y-480-P 21 W 24 W 063 4 W 222 ndash 318 Vac N and OslashAWNB-3Y-600-P 12 W 12 W 047 3 W 278 ndash 399 Vac N and OslashAWNB-3D-240-P 17 W 19 W 063 4 W 166 ndash 276 Vac OslashA and OslashBWNB-3D-400-P 14 W 15 W 047 3 W 320 ndash 460 Vac OslashA and OslashBWNB-3D-480-P 18 W 22 W 053 4 W 384 ndash 552 Vac OslashA and OslashB
Table 11 Power Supply Characteristics
Note This is the maximum rated power at 115 of nominal Vac at 50 Hz This is the same as
the rated power that appears on the front label of the meter
Maximum Operating Power Supply Voltage Range -20 to +15 of nominal (see table
above) For the WNB-3D-240-P this is -20 of 208 Vac (166 Vac) to +15 of 240 Vac (276
Vac)
Operating Frequencies 5060 Hz
Measurement Category CAT III
Measurement category III is for measurements performed in the building installation Examples
are measurements on distribution boards circuit-breakers wiring including cables bus-bars
junction boxes switches socket-outlets in the fixed installation and equipment for industrial
use and some other equipment for example stationary motors with permanent connection to
the fixed installation
The line voltage measurement terminals on the meter are rated for the following CAT III volt-
ages (these ratings also appear on the front label)
Model CAT III Voltage RatingWNB-3Y-208-P
WNB-3D-240-P
240 Vac
WNB-3Y-400-P
WNB-3D-400-P
400 Vac
WNB-3Y-480-P
WNB-3D-480-P
480 Vac
WNB-3Y-600-P 600 Vac
Table 12 WattNode CAT III Ratings
Current Transformer InputsNominal Input Voltage (At CT Rated Current) 033333 Vac RMS
Absolute Maximum Input Voltage 50 Vac RMS
Input Impedance at 5060 Hz 23 kΩ
Specifications 35
CertificationsSafety UL 61010-1 CANCSA-C222 No 61010-1-04 IEC 61010-1
Immunity EN 61326 2002 (Industrial Locations)
Electrostatic Discharge EN 61000-4-2 4 kV contact 8 kV air (B) Self-Recovering
Radiated RF Immunity EN 61000-4-3 10 Vm (A) No Degradation
Electrical Fast Transient Burst EN 61000-4-4 2 kV (B) Self-Recovering
Surge Immunity EN 61000-4-5 1 kV IO 4 kV AC (B) Self-Recovering
Conducted RF Immunity EN 61000-4-6 3 V (A) No Degradation
Voltage Dips Interrupts EN 61000-4-11 (B) Self-Recovering
Emissions FCC Part 15 Class B EN 55022 1994 Class B
EnvironmentalOperating Temperature -30degC to +55degC (-22degF to 131degF)
Altitude Up to 2000 m (6560 ft)
Operating Humidity non-condensing 5 to 90 relative humidity (RH) up to 40degC decreasing
linearly to 50 RH at 55degC
Pollution POLLUTION DEGREE 2 - Normally only non-conductive pollution occasionally a
temporary conductivity caused by condensation must be expected
Indoor Use Suitable for indoor use
Outdoor Use Suitable for outdoor use when mounted inside an electrical enclosure (Hammond
Mfg Type EJ Series) that is rated NEMA 3R or 4 (IP 66)
MechanicalEnclosure High impact ABS andor ABSPC plastic
Flame Resistance Rating UL 94V-0 IEC FV-0
Size 153 mm times 85 mm times 38 mm (602 in times 335 in times 150 in)
Weight 285 gm (101 oz) 314 gm (111 oz)
Connectors Euroblock style pluggable terminal blocks
Green up to 12 AWG (25 mm2) 600 V
Black up to 12 AWG (25 mm2) 300 V
Current TransformersWattNode meters use CTs with built-in burden resistors generating 033333 Vac at rated AC cur-
rent The maximum input current rating is dependent on the CT frame size (see the tables below)
Exceeding the maximum input current rating may damage CTs but should not harm the meter
None of these CTs measure DC current and the accuracy can be degraded in the presence of DC
currents as from half-wave rectified loads The solid-core CTs are most susceptible to saturation
due to DC currents
WattNode meters should only be used with UL recognized current transformers which are avail-
able from Continental Control Systems Using non-approved transformers will invalidate the meter
UL listing The following sections list approved UL recognized current transformers
36 Specifications
Common CT SpecificationsType voltage output integral burden resistor
Output Voltage at Rated Current 033333 Vac (one-third volt)
Standard CT Wire Length 24 m (8 feet)
Optional CT Wire Length up to 30 m (100 feet)
Split-Core CTsAlso called ldquoopeningrdquo current transformers These are UL recognized under UL file numbers
E96927 or E325972 CTM-0360-xxx CTS-0750-xxx CTS-1250-xxx CTS-2000-xxx where xxx
indicates the full scale current rating between 0005 and 1500 amps
The accuracy of the split-core CTs are specified from 10 to 100 of rated AC current The
phase angle is specified at 50 of rated current (amps) Some low current split-core CTs have
unspecified phase angle errors
ModelInside
DiameterRated Amps (-xxx)
Accuracy Phase Angle
Maximum Amps
CTM-0360-xxx 030 (75 mm) 5 15 30 50 70 plusmn1 lt2deg 100
CTS-0750-xxx 075rdquo (190 mm) 5 15 30 50 plusmn1 not spec 200
CTS-0750-xxx 075rdquo (190 mm) 70 100 150 200 plusmn1 lt2deg 200
CTS-1250-xxx 125rdquo (317 mm) 70 100 plusmn1 not spec 600
CTS-1250-xxx 125rdquo (317 mm) 150 200 250 300 400 600 plusmn1 lt2deg 600
CTS-2000-xxx 200rdquo (508 mm) 600 800 1000 1200 1500 plusmn1 lt2deg 1500
Table 13 Split-core CTs
Split-Core Bus Bar CTsThese current transformers are referred to as ldquobus barrdquo CTs because they are available in larger
and custom sizes appropriate for use with bus bars or multiple large conductors These are UL
recognized under UL file number E325972 CTB-wwwXhhh-xxx where www and hhh indicate
the width and height in inches and xxx indicates the full scale current rating
The accuracy of the split-core bus bar CTs is specified from 10 to 100 of rated current The
phase angle is specified at 50 of rated current (amps)
Model OpeningRated Amps
Accuracy Phase Angle
Maximum Amps
CTB-15x35-0600 15 x 35 (381 mm x 889 mm) 600 plusmn15 lt15deg 750
CTB-40x40-0800 40 x 40 (1016 mm x 1016 mm) 800 plusmn15 lt15deg 1000
CTB-40x40-1200 40 x 40 (1016 mm x 1016mm) 1200 plusmn15 lt15deg 1500
CTB-40x40-2000 40 x 40 (1016 mm x 1016 mm) 2000 plusmn15 lt15deg 2500
CTB-45x40-3000 45 x 40 (1143 mm x 1016 mm) 3000 plusmn15 lt15deg 3750
CTB-wwwxhhh-xxxx Custom (www by hhh inches) xxxx plusmn15 lt15deg 4000
Table 14 Split-core Bus Bar CTs
Solid-Core CTsAlso called ldquotoroidrdquo or ldquodonutrdquo current transformers These are UL recognized under UL
file number E96927 CTT-0750-100N CTT-1250-400N CTT-0300-030N CTT-0500-060N
CTT-1000-200N CTT-0300-005N CTT-0300-015N CTT-0500-050N CTT-0500-030N
CTT-0500-015N CTT-0750-070N CTT-0750-050N CTT-0750-030N CTT-1000-150N
CTT-1000-100N CTT-1000-070N CTT-1000-050N CTT-1250-300N CTT-1250-250N
CTT-1250-200N CTT-1250-150N CTT-1250-100N CTT-1250-070N
Warranty 37
The accuracy of the solid-core CTs is specified from 10 to 100 of rated current The phase
angle error is specified at 50 of rated current The CT suffix xxx is the rated current The ldquoNrdquo at
the end of the part number indicates a nickel core material which is the only core material avail-
able for our solid-core CTs
ModelInside
DiameterRated Amps (-xxx)
Accuracy Phase Angle
Maximum Amps
CTT-0300-xxxN 030 (76mm) 5 15 20 30 plusmn1 lt1deg 30
CTT-0500-xxxN 050 (127mm) 15 20 30 50 60 plusmn1 lt1deg 60
CTT-0750-xxxN 075 (190mm) 30 50 70 100 plusmn1 lt1deg 100
CTT-1000-xxxN 100 (254mm) 50 70 100 150 200 plusmn1 lt1deg 200
CTT-1250-xxxN 125 (317mm) 70 100 150 200 250 300 400 plusmn1 lt1deg 400
Table 15 Solid-core CTs
WarrantyAll products sold by Continental Control Systems LLC (CCS) are guaranteed against defects in
material and workmanship for a period of five years from the original date of shipment CCSrsquos
responsibility is limited to repair replacement or refund any of which may be selected by CCS at
its sole discretion CCS reserves the right to substitute functionally equivalent new or serviceable
used parts
This warranty covers only defects arising under normal use and does not include malfunctions or
failures resulting from misuse neglect improper application improper installation water damage
acts of nature lightning product modifications alterations or repairs by anyone other than CCS
Except as set forth herein CCS makes no warranties expressed or implied and CCS disclaims and negates all other warranties including without limitation implied warranties of merchantability and fitness for a particular purpose
Limitation of LiabilityIn no event shall CCS be liable for any indirect special incidental punitive or consequen-tial damages of any kind or nature arising out of the sale or use of its products whether such liability is asserted on the basis of contract tort or otherwise including without limitation lost profits even if CCS has been advised of the possibility of such damages
Customer acknowledges that CCSrsquos aggregate liability to Customer relating to or arising out of the sale or use of CCSrsquos products whether such liability is asserted on the basis of contract tort or otherwise shall not exceed the purchase price paid by Customer for the products in respect of which damages are claimed Customer specifically acknowledges that CCSrsquos price for the products is based upon the limitations of CCSrsquos liability set forth herein
CTL Series - 125 Inch Window - 250 and 400 AmpsThe CTL revenue-grade split-core current transformers provide IEEE
C5713 class 06 accuracy with UL listing for energy management
equipment They combine the ease of installation of an opening cur-
rent transformer with the accuracy normally associated with solid-core
current transformers They are an ideal companion to the WattNodereg
Revenue meter for revenue-grade electric power metering applications
bull Very low phase angle error essential for accurate power and energy
measurements
bull IEEEANSI C5713 and IEC 60044-1 accuracy over the full tem-
perature range
bull Glove-friendly operation with one hand
SpecificationsAll specifications are for operation at 60 Hz
bull Accuracy
bull plusmn050 from 15 to 100 of rated primary current
bull plusmn075 from 1 to 15 of rated primary current
bull Phase angle
bull plusmn025 degrees (15 minutes) from 50 to 100 of rated current
bull plusmn050 degrees (30 minutes) from 5 to 50 of rated current
bull plusmn075 degrees (45 minutes) from 1 to 5 of rated current
bull Accuracy standards IEEE C5713 class 06 IEC 60044-1 class 05S
bull Primary rating 250 or 400 Amps 600 Vac 60 Hz nominal
bull Output 33333 mVac at rated current
bull Operating temperature -30degC to 55degC
bull Safe integral burden resistor no shorting block needed
bull Standard lead length 8 ft (24 m) 18 AWG
bull Approvals UL recognized CE mark RoHS
bull Assembled in USA qualified under Buy American provision in ARRA of
2009
Models Amps MSRPCTL-1250-250 Opt C06 250 $ 66
CTL-1250-400 Opt C06 400 $ 66
Revenue-Grade Accuracy
3131 Indian Road bull Boulder CO 80301 USAsalesccontrolsyscom bull wwwccontrolsyscom(888) 928-8663 bull Fax (303) 444-2903
-100
-075
-050
-025
000
025
050
075
100
01 1 10 100 200
Rea
din
g E
rro
r
Percent of Rated Primary Current
CTL-1250 Series Typical Accuracy
CTL-1250-250 Opt C06
CTL-1250-400 Opt C06
-100deg
-075deg
-050deg
-025deg
000deg
025deg
050deg
075deg
100deg
Pha
se A
ngle
Deg
rees
Percent of Rated Primary Current
CTL-1250 Series Typical Phase Error
CTL-1250-250 Opt C06
CTL-1250-400 Opt C06
01 1 10 100 200
bull Graphs show typical performance at 23degC 60 Hz
bull Graph shows a positive phase angle when the
output leads the primary current
CTL-51013 Specifications are subject to change
Patent pending
317(805)
130(330)
368(937)327
(830)
138(350)
114(289)
125(317)
Dimensions in inches(millimeters)
New
Continental Control Systems LLC
PatPatent pee
Minimum System Requirements
Software USB cableUSB bl S ft
Flexible Accurate 4-channel Analog Logger
HOBO UX120 4-Channel Analog Logger
Key Advantages
bull Twice the accuracy over previous models bull 16-bit resolutionbull Flexible support for a wide range of external sensorsbull LCD confirms logger operation and displays near real-time measurement databull Provides minimum maximum average and standard deviation logging optionsbull On-screen alarms notify you when a sensor reading exceeds set thresholdsbull Stores 19 million measurements for longer deployments between offloads
The HOBO UX120-006M Analog Logger is a high-performance LCD display data logger for building performance monitoring applications As Onsetrsquos highest-accuracy data logger it provides twice the accuracy of previous models a deployment-friendly LCD and flexible support up to four external sensors for measuring temperature current CO2 voltage and more
Supported Measurements Temperature 4-20mA AC Current AC Voltage Air Velocity Carbon Dioxide Compressed Air Flow DC Current DC Voltage Gauge Pressure Kilowatts Volatile Organic Compound (sensors sold separately)
USB cable included with software
For complete information and accessories please visit wwwonsetcompcom
Part number UX120-006M (4-Channel Analog)
Memory 19 MillionLogging Rate 1 second to 18 hours user selectableLogging Modes Normal Burst StatisticsMemory Modes Wrap when full or stop when fullTime Accuracy plusmn1 minute per month at 25degC (77degF)Battery Life 1 year typical with logging rate of 1 minute and sampling interval of 15 seconds or greater user replaceable 2 AAADimensions 108 x 541 x 254 cm (425 x 213 x 1 in)Operating Range Logging -20deg to 70degC (-4deg to 158degF) 0 to 95 RH (non-condensing)Accuracy plusmn01 mV plusmn01 of readingCE Compliant Yes
Log type J K T E R S B or N thermocouplesHOBOreg UX120 4-Channel Thermocouple Logger
Supported Measurements Temperature
Minimum System Requirements
Software USB cableUSB bl S ft
For complete information and accessories please visit wwwonsetcompcom
Part number UX120-014M (Thermocouple)
Internal TemperatureRange -20deg to 70degC (-4deg to 158degF)Accuracy plusmn021degC from 0deg to 50degC (plusmn038degF from 32deg to 122degF)Resolution 0024degC at 25degC (004degF at 77degF)Drift lt01degC (018degF) per year
LoggerLogging Rate 1 second to 18 hours 12 minutes 15 secondsLogging Modes Normal Burst StatisticsMemory Modes Wrap when full or stop when fullTime Accuracy plusmn1 minute per month at 25degC (77degF)Battery Life 1 year typical with logging rate of 1 minute and sampling interval of 15 seconds or greater user replaceable 2 AAADimensions 108 x 541 x 254 cm (425 x 213 x 1 in)Operating Range Logging -20deg to 70degC (-4deg to 158degF) 0 to 95 RH (non-condensing)CE Compliant Yes
Thermocouple Range Accuracy Resolution(probes sold separately) Type J -210deg to 760degC (-346deg to 1400degF) plusmn06degC (plusmn108degF) plusmn thermocouple probe accuracy 003degC (006degF)Type K -260deg to 1370degC (-436deg to 2498degF) plusmn07degC (plusmn126degF) plusmn thermocouple probe accuracy 004degC (007degF)Type T -260deg to 400degC (-436deg to 752degF) plusmn06degC (plusmn108degF) plusmn thermocouple probe accuracy 002degC (003degF)Type E -260deg to 950degC (-436deg to 1742degF) plusmn06degC (plusmn108degF) plusmn thermocouple probe accuracy 003degC at (005degF)Type R -50deg to 1550degC (-58deg to 2822degF) plusmn22degC (plusmn396degF) plusmn thermocouple probe accuracy 008degC (015degF)Type S -50deg to 1720degC (-58deg to 3128degF) plusmn22degC (plusmn396degF) plusmn thermocouple probe accuracy 008degC (015degF)Type B +60deg to 1820degC (1022deg to 3308degF) plusmn25degC (plusmn45degF) plusmn thermocouple probe accuracy 01degC (018F)Type N -260deg to 1300degC (-436deg to 2372degF) plusmn10degC (plusmn18degF) plusmn thermocouple probe accuracy 006degC (011degF)
USB cable included with software
Key Advantages
bull Easy-to-view LCD display confirms logger operation and battery statusbull Near real-time readout of current temperatures as well as minimum maximum average and standard deviation statisticsbull On-screen alarms notify you if temperatures exceed high or low thresholdsbull Large memory capacity capable of storing 19 million measurementsbull Start stop and restart pushbuttonsbull User-upgradeable firmware
The HOBO UX120 Thermocouple Logger is a four-channel LCD data logger for measuring and recording temperature in a range of monitoring applications The logger makes it easy and convenient to record temperatures over a broad range (-260 to 1820deg C) and can accept up to four J K T E R S B or N type probes In addition to accepting four thermocouple probes the logger features an internal temperature sensor for logging ambient temperatures further extending the application possibilities
Log pulse signals events state changes and runtimesHOBOreg UX120 Pulse Logger
Key Advantages
bull Simultaneously measures and records pulse signals events state changes and runtimesbull Stores over 4 million measurements enabling longer deployments with fewer site visitsbull Streamlines deployment via range of startstop options logger status LEDs and high-speed USB 20 data offloadbull Works with Onsetrsquos E50B2 Power amp Energy Meter to measure Power Factor Reactive Power Watt Hours and more
The HOBO UX120 4-Channel Pulse data logger is a highly versatile 4-channel energy data logger that combines the functionality of four separate energy loggers into one compact unit It enables energy management professionals ndash from energy auditors to building commissioners ndash to easily track building energy consumption equipment runtimes and water and gas flow rates
Supported Measurements Pulse Signals Event Runtime State AC Current AC Voltage Amp Hour Kilowatt Hours Kilowatts Motor OnOff Power Factor Volt-Amps Watt Hours Watts Volt-Amp Reactive Volt-Amp Reactive Hour
Minimum System Requirements
Software USB cable SensorUSB bl S ft S
Part number UX120-017 UX120-017M
Memory 520000 measurements 4000000 measurementsSampling rate 1 second to 18 hoursBattery life 1 year typical user replaceable 2 AAExternal contact Input Electronic solid state switch closure or logic driven digital signals to 24VMax pulse frequency 120 HzMax state event runtime frequency 1 Hz
Resolution Pulse 1 pulse Runtime 1 second State and Event 1 state or eventBits 4 - 32 bits depending on pulse rate and logging intervalLockout time 0 to 1 second in 100 ms stepsOperating temperature range Logging -40ordm to 70ordmC (-40ordm to 158ordmF) 0 to 95 RH (non-condensing)
Dimensions 114 x 63 x 33 cm (45 x 25 x 13 inches)CE compliant Yes
USB cable included with software
For complete information and accessories please visit wwwonsetcompcom
Copyrightcopy 2013 Onset Computer Corporation All rights reserved Onset HOBO HOBOware are registered trademarks of Onset Computer Corporation Other products and brand names may be trademarks or registered trademarks of their respective owners Patented technology (US Patent 6826664) MKT1049-0813
Technical Support (8am to 8pm ET Monday through Friday) wwwonsetcompcomsupportcontact Call 1-877-564-4377
Contact Us Sales (8am to 5pm ET Monday through Friday) Email salesonsetcompcom Call 1-800-564-4377 Fax 1-508-759-9100
HOBOreg 4-Channel Pulse Input Data Logger (UX120-017x) Manual
14638-E
The HOBO 4-Channel Pulse Input data logger records electronic pulses and mechanical or electrical contact closures from external sensing devices Using HOBOwarereg you can easily configure each of its four channels to monitor and record pulse event state or runtime data in a wide variety of applications including tracking building energy consumption monitoring mechanical equipment and recording water and gas flow rates Plus when combined with the E50B2 Energy amp Power Meter (T-VER-E50B2) this logger provides extensive power and energy monitoring capabilities There are two models of the HOBO 4-Channel Pulse Input data logger the UX120-017 stores more than 500000 measurements while the UX120-017M holds more than 4000000 measurements
Specifications Inputs
External Contact Input Electronic solid state switch closure or logic driven digital signals to 24 V
Maximum Pulse Frequency 120 Hz
Maximum State Event Runtime Frequency
1 Hz
Bits 4ndash32 bits depending on pulse rate and logging interval
Maximum Pulses Per Interval
7863960 (using maximum logging rate)
Driven Logic Signal Input Low 04 V Input High 3 to 24 V
Absolute Maximum Rating Maximum Voltage 25 V DC Minimum Voltage -03 V DC
Solid State Switch Closure Input Low lt 10 K Input High gt 500 K
Internal Weak Pull-Up 100 K
Input Impedance Solid state switch closure 100 K pull up Driven signal 45 K
Minimum Pulse Width Contact closure duration 500 uS Driven logic signal 100 uS
Lockout Time 0 to 1 second in 100 ms steps
Edge Detection Falling edge Schmitt Trigger buffer
Preferred Switch State Normally open or Logic ldquo1rdquo state
Logging
Resolution Pulse 1 pulse Runtime 1 second State and Event 1 State or Event
Logging Rate 1 second to 18 hours 12 minutes 15 seconds
Time Accuracy plusmn1 minute per month at 25degC (77degF) (see Plot A on next page)
Battery Life 1 year typical with logging intervals greater than 1 minute and normally open contacts
Battery Type Two AA alkaline or lithium batteries
Memory
Memory UX120-017 520192 measurements (assumes 8-bit) UX120-017M 4124672 measurements (assumes 8-bit)
Download Type USB 20 interface
Download Time 30 seconds for UX120-017 15 minutes for UX120-017M
Physical
Operating Range Logging -40deg to 70degC (-40deg to 158degF) 0 to 95 RH (non-condensing) LaunchReadout 0deg to 50degC (32deg to 122degF) per USB specification
Weight 149 g (526 oz)
Size 114 x 63 x 33 cm (45 x 25 x 13 inches)
Environmental Rating IP50
The CE Marking identifies this product as complying with all relevant directives in the European Union (EU)
HOBO 4-Channel Pulse Input Data Logger
Models UX120-017 UX120-017M
Included Items bull 4 Mounting screws bull 2 Magnets bull Hook amp loop tape bull 4 Terminal block connectors
Required Items bull HOBOware Pro 32 or later bull USB cable (included with
software)
Accessories bull Additional terminal blocks
(A-UX120-TERM-BLOCK) bull Lithium batteries (HWSB-LI)
Additional sensors and accessories available at wwwonsetcompcom
HOBO 4-Channel Pulse Input Data Logger Manual
1-800-LOGGERS 2 wwwonsetcompcom
Specifications (continued)
Plot A Time Accuracy
Logger Components and Operation
StartStop Button Press this button for 3 seconds to start or stop logging data This requires configuring the logger in HOBOware with a Button Start andor a Button Stop (see Setting up the Logger) You can also press this button for 1 second to record an internal event (see Recording Internal Logger Events)
LEDs There are three types of LEDs on the logger to indicate logger operation Logging Waiting and Activity Note that all LEDs will blink when the logger is initially powered (ie when the batteries are installed)
LED Description Logging (green)
Blinks every 2 seconds when the logger is recording data Disable this LED by selecting the Turn Off LEDs option in HOBOware
Waiting (orange)
Blinks every 2 seconds when awaiting a start because the logger was configured with Start At Interval Delayed Start or Button Start settings in HOBOware
Activity (red)
There is one Activity LED per input channel Press the Test button to activate all four Activity LEDs for 10 minutes to determine the state of the four input channels When the logger is recording data the Activity LED for the corresponding channel will blink at every pulse signal Note If you press the Test button during logging then the Activity LED will remain illuminated for any channel that has not been configured to record data
Inputs There are 4 input channels to connect the logger to external sensorsdevices
Terminal Blocks There are 4 terminal blocks included with the logger to plug into the inputs for connecting devices
Test Button Press this button to activate the Activity Lights for 10 minutes to test for contact resistance or voltage signal in any of the four input channels (see the LED table)
Mounting Holes There are four mounting holes two on each side that you can use to mount the logger to a surface (see Mounting the Logger)
USB Port This is the port used to connect the logger to the computer or the HOBO U-Shuttle via USB cable (see Setting up the Logger and Reading Out the Logger)
Setting Up the Logger Use HOBOware Pro to set up the logger including selecting the start and stop logging options configuring the input channels for specific sensor types and entering scaling factors It may be helpful to set up the logger with a Delayed Start or a Button Start first and then bring it to the location where you will mount it to connect the external sensorsdevices and test the connections before logging begins
1 Connect the logger and open the Launch window To connect the logger to a computer plug the small end of the USB cable into the side of the logger and the large end into a USB port on the computer Click the Launch icon on the HOBOware toolbar or select Launch from the Device menu
Important USB specifications do not guarantee operation outside this range of 0degC (32degF) to 50degC (122degF)
2 Select Sensor Type Each of the input channels can be configured to log the following
bull Pulse This records the number of pulse signals per logging interval (the logger records a pulse signal when the input transitions to the logic low) There are built-in scaling factors you can select for supported devices and sensors or you can set your own scaling when you select raw pulse counts You can also adjust the maximum pulse frequency and lockout time as necessary
bull State This records how long an event lasts by storing the date and time when the state of the signal or switch changes (logic state high to low or low to high) The logger checks every second for a state change but will only record a time-stamped value when the state change occurs One state change to the next represents the event duration
bull Event This records the date and time when a connected relay switch or logic low transition occurs (the logger records an event when the input transitions to the logic low) This is useful if you need to know when an event occurred but do not need to know the duration of the event You can also adjust the lockout time to debounce switches
bull Runtime This records the number of state changes that happen over a period of time The logger checks the state of the line once a second At the end of each logging
LEDs StartStop Button
USB Port
Inputs
One of Four Terminal Blocks Test Button Mounting Holes
HOBO 4-Channel Pulse Input Data Logger Manual
1-800-LOGGERS 3 wwwonsetcompcom
interval the logger records how many seconds the line was in the logic low state
3 Choose the logging interval from 1 second to a maximum of 18 hours 12 minutes and 15 seconds (available for Pulse or Runtime logging only)
4 Choose when to start logging
bull Now Logging begins immediately
bull At Interval Logging will begin at the next even interval
bull Push Button Logging will begin once you press the StartStop logging button for 3 seconds
bull On DateTime Logging will begin at a date and time you specify
5 Choose when to stop logging
bull When Memory Fills Logging will end once the logger memory is full
bull Never (wrapping) The logger will record data indefinitely with newest data overwriting the oldest
bull Push Button Logging will end once you press the StartStop logging button for 3 seconds Note If you also configured a Push Button start then you must wait 5 minutes after logging begins before you can use the button to stop logging
bull Specific Stop Date Logging will end at a date and time you specify
6 Select any other logging options as desired and finish the launch configuration Depending on the start type verify that the logging or waiting LED is blinking
Connecting Sensors Transducers or Instruments to the Logger You can connect the logger to an external sensing device using the four input channels To connect a device to the logger
1 Follow the instructions and wiring diagrams in the user manual for the device
2 Connect the device to the terminal block as directed in the device instructions
3 Plug in the terminal block into one of the four inputs (labeled 1 through 4)
4 Press the Test button as needed to activate the Activity LEDs and check whether the logger reads the pulse signal
5 Configure logger launch settings if you have not already
Notes
bull Be sure that all devices are connected before logging begins Any sensorsdevices attached after logging begins will not record accurate data
bull If connecting an E50B2 Energy amp Power Meter (T-VER-E50B2) you have the option to use the default meter settings or your own custom settings
bull If any channels have been configured to record raw pulse counts or events in HOBOware there is also an option to specify lockout time This can prevent false readings from mechanical contactclosure bouncing For more information on setting lockout time see the HOBOware Help
Determining Logging Duration for EventState Data The loggerrsquos storage capacity and logging duration varies depending on several factors including logging interval number of channels configured and the type of data being recorded This table estimates the logging duration based on recording event or state changes on one input channel with logging set to stop when the memory is full To estimate logging duration for multiple event or state channels divide the logging duration by the number of active channels If you want to know exactly how long the logger will run use pulse or runtime modes
Time Between Events
Approximate Total Data Points
Approximate Logging Duration (1 Year Battery Life)
Logger Part Number
1 to 15 seconds
346795 4 to 60 days UX120-017
2749781 32 days to 13 years UX120-017M
16 seconds to 42 minutes
260096 48 days to 21 years UX120-017
2062336 1 to 166 years UX120-017M
43 to 682 minutes
208077 16 to 27 years UX120-017
1649869 13 to 214 years UX120-017M
683 minutes to 182 hours
173397 225 to 360 years UX120-017
1374891 178 to 285 decades UX120-017M
Notes
bull Typical battery life is 1 year
bull The logger can record battery voltage data in an additional channel This is disabled by default Recording battery voltage reduces storage capacity and is generally not used except for troubleshooting
Setting Maximum Pulse Frequency When recording raw pulse counts the logger dynamically adjusts its memory usage from 4 to 32 bits instead of a typical fixed width This results in the ability to store more data using less space which in turn extends logging duration The default pulse rate is 120 Hz which is also the maximum You can adjust this rate in HOBOware (see the HOBOware Help for details) Decreasing the rate will increase logging duration The following table shows examples of how pulse rate and logging interval affect logging duration
Logging Interval
Pulse Rate (Hz)
Number of Bits Required
Approximate Total Data Points
Approximate Logging Duration
1 minute 4 8 520192 361 days
1 minute 50 12 346795 240 days
1 minute 120 16 260096 180 days
Reading Out the Logger There are two options for reading out the logger connect it to the computer with a USB cable and read out it with HOBOware or connect it to a HOBO U-Shuttle (U-DT-1 firmware version 114m030 or higher) and then offload the datafiles from the
HOBO 4-Channel Pulse Input Data Logger Manual
1-800-LOGGERS (564-4377) bull 508-759-9500 wwwonsetcompcom bull loggerhelponsetcompcom
copy 2011ndash2013 Onset Computer Corporation All rights reserved Onset HOBO and HOBOware are trademarks or registered trademarks of Onset Computer Corporation All other trademarks are the property of their respective companies
14638-E
U-Shuttle to HOBOware Refer to the HOBOware Help for more details
Recording Internal Logger Events The logger records several internal events to help track logger operation and status These events which are unrelated to state and event logging include the following
Internal Event Name Definition
Host Connected The logger was connected to the computer
Started The StartStop button was pressed to begin logging
Stopped The logger received a command to stop recording data (from HOBOware or by pushing the StartStop button)
Button UpButton Down
The StartStop button was pressed for 1 second
Safe Shutdown The battery level is 18 V the logger shut down
Mounting the Logger There are three ways to mount the logger using the materials included
bull Screw the logger to a surface with a Phillips-head screwdriver and the four mounting screws using the following dimensions
bull Attach the two magnets to the back of the logger and
then place the logger on a magnetic surface
bull Use the hook-and-loop tape to affix the logger to a surface
Protecting the Logger The logger is designed for indoor use and can be permanently damaged by corrosion if it gets wet Protect it from condensation If it gets wet remove the battery immediately and dry the circuit board It is possible to dry the logger with a hair dryer before reinstalling the battery Do not let the board get too hot You should be able to comfortably hold the board in your hand while drying it
Note Static electricity may cause the logger to stop logging The logger has been tested to 4 KV but avoid electrostatic
discharge by grounding yourself to protect the logger For more information search for ldquostatic dischargerdquo in the FAQ section on onsetcompcom
Battery Information The logger is shipped with two AA alkaline batteries You can also use 15 V AA lithium batteries when deploying the logger in cold environments Expected battery life varies based on the temperature where the logger is deployed and the frequency (the logging interval and the rate of state changes andor events) at which the logger is recording data A new battery typically lasts one year with logging intervals greater than one minute and when the input signals are normally open or in the high logic state Deployments in extremely cold or hot temperatures logging intervals faster than one minute or continuously closed contacts may reduce battery life The logger can also be powered through the USB cable connected to the computer This allows you to read out the logger when the remaining battery voltage is too low for it to continue logging Connect the logger to the computer click the Readout button on the toolbar and save the data as prompted Replace the batteries before launching the logger again To replace the batteries
1 Disconnect the logger from the computer
2 Unscrew the logger case using a Philips-head screwdriver
3 Carefully remove the two batteries
4 Insert two new AA batteries (alkaline or lithium) observing polarity When batteries are inserted correctly all LEDs blink briefly
5 Carefully realign the logger case and re-fasten the screws
WARNING Do not cut open incinerate heat above 85degC (185degF) or recharge the lithium batteries The batteries may explode if the logger is exposed to extreme heat or conditions that could damage or destroy the battery cases Do not dispose of the logger or batteries in fire Do not expose the contents of the batteries to water Dispose of the batteries according to local regulations for lithium batteries
HOBOware provides the option of recording the current battery voltage at each logging interval which is disabled by default Recording battery life at each logging interval takes up memory and therefore reduces logging duration It is recommended you only record battery voltage for diagnostic purposes
457 cm (18 inches)
1016 cm (4 inches)
The Bertreg 110 M
Plug Load Management with Measurement
If yoursquore like most facility managers you suspect that there are large potential savings from plug based loads Unfortunately you lack an easy way to document actual energy usage and savings The Bertreg Plug Load Management System with measurement‐enabled Bertreg 110M units is a brilliant solution
Measure energy use with Bertrsquos real‐time measurement features
Analyze energy use establishing optimal schedules and documenting savings
Control plug based devices throughout your facility
The Plug Load Problem
Studies show that plug based load is a large and growing source of energy use‐ estimated at 20 of energy use for offices and 25 of electricity for schools Yet many schools offices and retail locations are closed for nearly as many hours per year as they are open Bertreg provides the simple sophisticated tools to turn equipment on when buildings are occupied and off when theyrsquore not
How Bertreg Works
Each Bertreg contains a microprocessor that can communicate with the Bertbrain 1000 control software across your wireless network Bertreg can store 7‐day onoff schedules with multiple onoff commands each day This allows you to set schedules that mirror the actual operating hours of your facility and easily modify schedules throughout the year
Measure Analyze and Control
The Bertreg 110M features an energy
measurement chip that monitors the amount of
power flowing through the plug and reports this
information back to the Bertbrain 1000M
software program The measurement feature
allows you to know the actual energy
consumption of your equipment as used in your
facility rather than rely on estimates from
manufacturer spec sheets or industry studies
Load Shedding
Many utilities offer demand management or load shedding programs While you may already
have programs to reduce larger centralized loads such as air conditioning you never had a cost
effective way to add smaller distributed loads until now The Bertreg plug load management
systems makes controlling distributed loads both simple and cost effective Just hook your
water heaters air conditioners and vending machines up to Bert Using our Bertbrain
application you can set up a load shedding group and schedule Now when you have a load
shedding event with the click of a mouse you can easily turn off some or all of your plug load
devices Schedules can be created by groups of devices or type of building you can even cycle
specific buildings or devices for a preset time
ASHRAE 901 and California Title 24 Code Compliance
Since Bertreg provides both measurement and control capabilities in one system the Bertreg Plug
Load Management System helps commercial buildings comply with changes in the CA Title 24
2013 and the ASHRAE 901 2010 and 2013 Energy Codes Did you know the 2010 ASHRAE Code
requires Automatic Receptacle Control for 50 of a buildings receptacles The 2013 ASHRAE
Code requires Electrical Energy Monitoring meaning the receptacle circuits power must be
recorded at least every 15 minutes and reported hourly daily and monthly Similar
requirements are also included in the California Title 24 2013 section titled Electrical Power
Distribution Systems Not only do these code changes apply to new buildings and additions
but alterations to existing buildings such as changing 10 or your lighting load Whether you
are trying to control individual outlets with the Bertreg Smart Plugs or entire circuits with the
Bertreg Inline Series Bert makes ASHRAE 901 and CA Title 24 code compliance both affordable
and efficient
The Bertreg Advantage
Bertreg has many advantages over products such as timers or occupancy sensors Most timers
only hold a single schedule Bertreg can use multiple onoff times that will accurately reflect your
facilityrsquos true operational hours When holidays or summer breaks dictate schedule changes
new schedules are sent to Bertreg with the click of a mouse Since Bertreg is on your network Bertreg
does not have to be reset manually like timers after a power outage Occupancy sensors may
turn vending machines on when your building is unoccupied Your drinks donrsquot need to be
chilled when the cleaning crew or security guard walks by your vending machine at night
Thanks to the simple mass remote control with Bertreg your plug loads can easily be part of a
load shedding or demand curtailment program
The Bertreg Plug Load Management System
The Bertreg Plug Load Management System consists of the Bertbrain 1000 software application
your Wi‐Fi network and a virtually unlimited number of Bertsreg By simply plugging water
coolers coffee machines printers copiers etc into the Bertreg Smart Plug Series (Bertreg 110
Bertreg 110M and Bertreg Vend) or wiring circuits with the Bertreg Inline Series (Bertreg 110I Bertreg
110IR and Bertreg 220I) you can remotely measure analyze and control all of your receptacles
and circuits Bertreg runs on the existing Wi‐Fi network so all devices can be remotely controlled
in mass Each building can have a unique schedule thus turning equipment off during nights
weekends and holidays when buildings are unoccupied The Bertreg Plug Load Management
System installs quickly so energy savings are immediate and payback is 1 to 2 years
Learn more about how K‐12 schools colleges offices hospitals statelocal governments and
retailers are managing plug load with the Bertreg Plug Load Management System by visiting
httpwwwbertbraincom
Measure ‐ Analyze ‐ Control
Best Energy Reduction Technologies 840 First Avenue King of Prussia PA 19406 484‐690‐3820
Bertreg 110M Specifications (CONFIDENTIAL ndash Property of Best Energy Reduction Technologies LLC)
BERT110M_Specs 10-3-13 copy2013 Best Energy Reduction Technologies LLC
Feature Description
Dimensions 35rdquo W x 35rdquo H x 20rdquo D Weight 42 oz Operating Voltage 110 Volts Max Load Current Up to 15A Load Outlets 1 Load Plug Orientation In line with outlet
Push Button Hold 6 Seconds Turns ON Relay Hold 15 Seconds for Ad-Hoc Mode
Measurement Accuracy 5 up to 15 Amps Measurement Display Amps Volts and Watts Every 16 Seconds
Measurement Storage Up to 14 Days on the Unit Up to 3 Years in the Database
Measurement Reporting Hourly Daily Weekly Monthly and Yearly Operating Environment Indoor use
HardwareSoftware 1-Windows PC with Wireless 2-Windows 7 8 or Vista
Communication 80211(Wi-Fi) bg Compatible Protocol UDP Security 80211(WPAWPA2-PSK) (WEP 128) Certifications UL 916 ROHS FCC
PGampErsquos Emerging Technologies Program ET13PGE1063
APPENDIX D ndash ENERGY USE MONITORING RESULTS
All High-Efficacy Lighting Design for the Residential Sector Appendix D Monitored Energy Use Results
Wathen Castanos 1622
Daily load profiles for the lighting loads at the Wathen Castanos 1622 demonstration home are provided below In addition cumulative results over the course of the monitoring period are included Gaps in data are due to network errors Days with missing data were dropped from the analysis resulting in 157 days of monitored energy use spanning November 19 2014 to May 25 2015
The lighting energy use averages 300 kWh per day Extrapolating this average for an assumed usage of 365 days per year results in a calculated annual energy use of 1096 kWh
Figure 1 Total Energy Use for Wathen Castanos 1622 Demonstration Home
000
050
100
150
200
250
300
350
400
450
500
111
920
1411
24
2014
112
920
1412
42
014
129
201
412
27
2014
11
2015
16
2015
111
201
51
162
015
128
201
52
220
152
720
152
122
015
217
201
52
222
015
227
201
53
420
153
920
153
142
015
319
201
53
242
015
329
201
54
320
154
820
154
132
015
418
201
54
232
015
428
201
55
320
155
820
155
132
015
518
201
55
232
015
Daily Lighting Energy Use (kWh)
Figure 2 Weekly Energy Use for Wathen Castanos 1622 Demonstration Home
Figure 3 Energy Use for Mondays
Figure 4 Energy Use of Tuesdays
Figure 5 Energy Use of Wednesdays
Figure 6 Energy Use of Thursdays
Figure 7 Energy Use of Fridays
Figure 8 Energy Use of Saturdays
Figure 9 Energy Use of Sundays
Figure 10 Daily Energy Use over Monitoring Period
NorthWest Homes 2205
Daily lighting load profiles at the NorthWest Homes 2205 demonstration home are provided below In addition cumulative results over the course of the monitoring period are included for the 176 days monitored spanning October 29 2014 to April 20 2015
The lighting energy use averages 124 kWh per day Extrapolating this average for an assumed usage of 365 days per year results in a calculated annual energy use of 4509 kWh
Figure 11 Total Energy Use for NorthWest Homes 2205 Demonstration Home
000
050
100
150
200
250
102
920
1411
32
014
118
201
411
13
2014
111
820
1411
23
2014
112
820
1412
32
014
128
201
412
13
2014
121
820
1412
23
2014
122
820
141
220
151
720
151
122
015
117
201
51
222
015
127
201
52
120
152
620
152
112
015
216
201
52
212
015
226
201
53
320
153
820
153
132
015
318
201
53
232
015
328
201
54
220
154
720
154
122
015
417
201
5
Daily Lighting Energy Use (kWh)
Figure 12 Weekly Cumulative Energy Use for NorthWest Homes 2205 Demonstration Home
Figure 13 Energy Use for Mondays
Figure 14 Energy Use of Tuesdays
Figure 15 Energy Use of Wednesdays
Figure 16 Energy Use of Thursdays
Figure 17 Energy Use of Fridays
Figure 18 Energy Use of Saturdays
Figure 19 Energy Use of Sundays
Figure 20 Energy Use per Day over Monitoring Period Duration
Meritage Homes 3085
Daily load profiles for the ceiling fan and lighting loads at the Meritage 3085 demonstration home are provided below During post-data collection one receptacle was identified as being on the lighting circuit This is included in the 75 days of monitored energy use below spanning January 31 2015 to April 15 2015
The monitored energy use averages 356 kWh per day Extrapolating this average for an assumed usage of 365 days per year results in a calculated annual lighting related energy use of 1300 kWh
Figure 21 Total Energy Use for Meritage 3085 Demonstration Home
0
1
2
3
4
5
6
Daily Lighting Energy Use (kWh)
Figure 22 Weekly Cumulative Energy Use for Meritage 3085 Demonstration Home
Figure 23 Energy Use for Mondays
Figure 24 Energy Use of Tuesdays
Figure 25 Energy Use of Wednesdays
Figure 26 Energy Use of Thursdays
Figure 27 Energy Use of Fridays
Figure 28 Energy Use of Saturdays
Figure 29 Energy Use of Sundays
Figure 30 Energy Use per Day over Monitoring Period Duration
PGampErsquos Emerging Technologies Program ET13PGE1063
FIGURES Figure 1 Typical First Floor Electrical Plan of a Two-Story Home 14
Figure 2 Typical Second Floor Electrical Plan of a Two-Story Home 15
Figure 3 Typical Electrical Plan of a One-Story Home 16
Figure 4 Residential Kitchen Rendering with All High-Efficacy Lighting 17
Figure 5 Residential Living and Dining Room Rendering with All High-Efficacy Lighting 18
Figure 6 Multi-Family Home Building Plan 18
Figure 7 Installation Schematic of Energy Logging Equipment 21
Figure 8 Wathen Castanos Single-Family Home Floor plan 1622 24
Figure 9 NorthWest Single-Family home Floor plan 2205 26
Figure 10 Meritage First Floor Single-Family Home Floor plan 3085 28
Figure 11 Meritage Second Floor Single-Family Home Floor plan 3085 29
Figure 12 Heritage Commons Multi-Family Home Building Plan 31
Figure 13 AHE Lighting System Installation in Kitchen 33
Figure 14 AHE Lighting System Installation in Living Room 34
Figure 15 AHE Lighting System Installation in Bathroom 35
Figure 16 Total Daily Energy Use for Wathen Castanos 1622 Demonstration Home 48
Figure 17 Weekly Energy Use for Wathen Castanos 1622 Demonstration Home 48
Figure 18 Energy Use Per Day over Monitoring Period Duration 49
Figure 19 Total Energy Use for NorthWest Homes 2205 Demonstration Home 50
Figure 20 Weekly Cumulative Energy Use for NorthWest Homes 2205 Demonstration Home 51
Figure 21 Energy Use Per Day over Monitoring Period Duration 52
Figure 22 Total Energy Use for Meritage 3085 Demonstration Home 53
Figure 23 Weekly Cumulative Energy Use for Meritage 3085 Demonstration Home 54
Figure 24 Energy Use Per Day over Monitoring Period Duration 55
iii
PGampErsquos Emerging Technologies Program ET13PGE1063
TABLES Table 1 Summary Lighting Energy Use of AHE Lighting Systems 2
Table 2 High-efficacy and Low-efficacy Lamps and LuminairesError Bookmark not defined
Table 3 Minimum luminaire efficacy for high-efficacy complianceError Bookmark not defined
Table 4 Residential lighting use by socket percentageError Bookmark not defined
Table 5 Single Family Home AHE Lighting Design 9
Table 6 Multi- Family Home AHE Lighting Design 10
Table 7 Lighting for Residences per IES Handbook 10th Edition 13
Table 8 Photometric Performance Characterization 19
Table 9 Specified Monitoring Equipment 20
Table 10 Wathen Castanos 1622 AHE Lighting Design and Load Reduction over 2008 Title 24 Compliant Design 25
Table 11 NorthWest Homes 2205 AHE Lighting Design and Load Reduction over 2008 Title 24 Compliant Design 27
Table 12 Meritage 3085 AHE Lighting Design and Load Reduction over 2008 Title 24 Compliant Design 30
Table 13 Multi- Family Home AHE Lighting Design and Load Reduction over 2008 Title 24 Compliant Design 32
Table 14 Wathen Castanos 1622 AHE Light Source Cost Information 36
Table 15 NorthWest Homes 2205 AHE Light Source Cost Information 37
Table 16 Meritage 3085 AHE Light Source Cost Information 38
Table 17 Wathen Castanos 1622 Measured Illuminance 46
Table 18 Summary of Calculated and Measured Lighting Energy Use 47
iv
PGampErsquos Emerging Technologies Program ET13PGE1063
CONTENTS ABBREVIATIONS AND ACRONYMS ___________________ ERROR BOOKMARK NOT DEFINED FIGURES ______________________________________ ERROR BOOKMARK NOT DEFINED TABLES _______________________________________ ERROR BOOKMARK NOT DEFINED CONTENTS ____________________________________ ERROR BOOKMARK NOT DEFINED EXECUTIVE SUMMARY ____________________________ ERROR BOOKMARK NOT DEFINED INTRODUCTION __________________________________________________________ 3 BACKGROUND __________________________________________________________ 3 CURRENT BUILDING CODE _________________________________________________ 3 INSTALLED RESIDENTIAL LIGHTING ____________________________________________ 5 CURRENT LIGHTING DESIGN PRACTICES _______________________________________ 6 LIGHTING MARKET SURVEY _________________________________________________ 8 EMERGING PRODUCT _____________________________________________________ 8 TECHNOLOGY ASSESSMENT ________________________________________________ 11 TECHNICAL APPROACH __________________________________________________ 11 MARKET SURVEY ________________________________________________________ 11 SITE SELECTION _________________________________________________________ 12 LIGHTING DESIGN _______________________________________________________ 12 LIGHTING SYSTEM INSTALLATION ____________________________________________ 19 SYSTEM MONITORING ____________________________________________________ 19 PHOTOMETRIC PERFORMANCE _____________________________________________ 19 BUILDER AND HOMEOWNER SURVEY _________________________________________ 20 ENERGY MONITORING ___________________________________________________ 20 DATA PROCESSING AND ANALYSIS __________________________________________ 21 DATA PROCESSING ______________________________________________________ 21 DATA ANALYSIS ________________________________________________________ 22 RESULTS_______________________________________________________________ 23 MARKET SURVEY ________________________________________________________ 23
v
PGampErsquos Emerging Technologies Program ET13PGE1063
LIGHTING DESIGN _______________________________________________________ 23 LIGHTING SYSTEM INSTALLATION ____________________________________________ 32 SYSTEM PERFORMANCE EVALUATION ________________________________________ 39 SURVEY RESPONSES______________________________________________________ 39 SYSTEM MONITORING RESULTS _____________________________________________ 44 RECOMMENDATIONS ____________________________________________________ 55 APPENDIX A ndash SURVEY QUESTIONS __________________________________________ 56 APPENDIX B ndash AHE COMPLIANT PRODUCTS ___________________________________ 59 APPENDIX C ndash MEASUREMENT AND DATA COLLECTION EQUIPMENT SPECIFICATIONS ____ 67 APPENDIX D ndash ENERGY USE MONITORING RESULTS _____________________________ 127
vi
PGampErsquos Emerging Technologies Program ET13PGE1063
EXECUTIVE SUMMARY Current Title 24 Building code requirements call for use of high-efficacy lighting in a limited number of residential space types Builders are allowed to install low efficacy lighting if they also install dimming controls However significant load reduction and energy savings over current code-compliant designs can be achieved through the use of All High-Efficacy (AHE) lighting design practices Currently AHE lighting design practice utilizes application appropriate controls paired with high-quality dimmable light emitting diode (LED) luminaires or GU-24 socketed fixtures paired with GU-24 base LED replacement lamps By current code definition GU-24 base lamps are the only replacement lamps considered high-efficacy while traditional Edison screw-base sockets are considered low-efficacy In addition to limiting the source type to LED only AHE lighting requires a minimum quality standard for interior LED sources requiring a CRI rating of at least 90 and a CCT between 2700 K and 4000 K
PROJECT GOAL This effort identifies best practices for developing a cost-effective AHE residential lighting measure through the evaluation of emerging residential lighting design practices purchasing processes installation practices and the end-user experience associated with AHE lighting To identify the best practices the project team considered current residential lighting products the installed socket base in a typical home industry accepted illuminance recommendations for residential applications and current energy efficiency code compliant design practices
PROJECT DESCRIPTION Emerging residential lighting design practices purchasing processes installation practices and the end-user experience of an AHE lighting system were evaluated through energy monitoring analysis and cost information collected from multiple residential demonstration sites Demonstration data provided a quantitative understanding of the AHE lighting system benefits and barriers and through builder and homeowner surveys a qualitative understanding of the AHE residential lighting measure and user satisfaction
PROJECT RESULTS The California Lighting Technology Center (CLTC) worked with residential home builders to modify their existing lighting designs to include all AHE lighting Based on these lighting designs the estimated residential lighting load reduction achieved by installing AHE lighting packages in new single- and multi-family homes located in PGampE territory is 0 - 61 in comparison to 2008 Title 24 compliant lighting packages provided by participating builders for the same floor plan This ET study started prior to the effective date of the 2013 Title 24 code cycle so this comparison was based on the 2008 Title 24 code In 2010 an average US residence used 1556 kWh annually for lighting with a typical lighting power density of 10 to 14 Watts per square foot A summary of energy use data collected from demonstration sites with AHE lighting systems is provided in Table 1
1
PGampErsquos Emerging Technologies Program ET13PGE1063
TABLE 1 SUMMARY LIGHTING ENERGY USE OF AHE LIGHTING SYSTEMS
Site Livable Square
Footage
Lighting Schedule
Calculated Peak Load (kW)
Measured Peak Lighting Load
(kW)
Lighting Power Density
(LPD)
Calculated Annual Lighting Energy Use
(kWh)
Wathen Castanos 1622 059 046 028 10960
North West Homes 2205 071 062 028 4509
Meritage Homes 3085 112 111 036 13004
The material costs of AHE lighting systems compared to current code compliant lighting systems varied based on residential applications For example the cost of an integrated downlight with housing and trim ring that meets the AHE lighting definition is approximately $36 per unit as compared to the estimated baseline cost of $70 for a compact fluorescent lamp ballast housing and trim ring Both scenarios require equivalent installation costs In addition the cost of AHE lighting components reduced over the course of this project with integrated LED downlights that meet the AHE lighting definition ranging in price from $25 to $50 and LED replacement lamps that meet the AHE lighting definition ranging from $7 to $25 as of the time of this report Builder and homeowner survey results were collected from all three demonstration sites Builder survey results make clear that cost and code requirements are the primary drivers considered during the lighting design process Builder responses note that utility rebate and incentive programs are influential in the lighting design decision making process but less so than Title 24 requirements Compared to other building systems most builders reported lighting as having less than 1 impact on the overall home budget Builders do not anticipate issues regarding end-user adoption of dedicated LED luminaires based on their ldquohigh quality performance and longevity claimsrdquo but do make clear that it is ldquosomewhat difficultrdquo to find Title 24-compliant products for GU-24 integrated LED luminaires quick connect options and track lighting categories in todayrsquos market The majority of the homeowner survey results indicate that the AHE lighting system is either ldquobetterrdquo or ldquothe samerdquo as compared to the lighting in their previous home which was a mixture of linear fluorescent incandescent and compact fluorescent lighting technologies The majority of homeowners were ldquosatisfiedrdquo with the AHE lighting in the kitchen bathroom common living spaces bedrooms and dining room as compared to their previous home Steps were taken to update the lighting to address the ldquoextreme dissatisfactionrdquo with the garage lighting at one demonstration site
PROJECT RECOMMENDATIONS Over the duration of the project the project team identified product availability and cost barriers to the adoption of AHE lighting for residential applications Participating builders unanimously responsed that challenges for builders to be compliant with AHE lighting requirements include the economics associated with AHE lighting products and the limited availability of AHE lighting products that can be quickly purchased at a hardware store For the AHE lighting designs implemented in this study two of the three AHE lighting designs exceeded the typical lighting budget for the builders
2
PGampErsquos Emerging Technologies Program ET13PGE1063
Programmatic recommendations to overcome these barriers if enacted will help increase widespread adoption of AHE systems Lighting systems that comply with the AHE definition range in performance and cost These ranges are predominantly linked to the lighting systemrsquos electrical architecture affecting controls compatibility heat transfer and allowable installation locations system efficiency light quality light output and component cost With recent developments in LED technology and electrical architecture Edison-based replacement lamp performance has improved and cost has reduced dramatically
In addition to fixture integrated and GU-24 socket LED lighting solutions it is recommended that the AHE definition include lighting fixtures installed with Edison sockets and shipped with an Edison base source complying with the high-efficacy high-quality requirements If enacted the increased product availability and reduced cost of the Edison-based LED lamps meeting the high-efficacy high-quality requirements will help overcome barriers to the adoption of AHE lighting for residential applications
INTRODUCTION Current California building energy efficiency standards call for use of high-efficacy lighting in most residential space types however additional load reduction and energy savings can be achieved through the use of an All High-Efficacy (AHE) lighting design practice
Currently AHE lighting design practice utilizes application appropriate controls paired with dimmable high-quality high efficacy light emitting diode (LED) luminaires or high-quality high efficacy GU-24 fixtures paired with GU-24 base LED replacement lamps By current code definition GU-24 base lamps are the only replacement lamps considered high-efficacy while traditional Edison screw-base sockets are considered low-efficacy In addition to limiting the source type to LED only AHE lighting requires a minimum quality standard for interior LED sources requiring a CRI of at least 90 and a CCT between 2700 K and 4000 K Future cycles of standards are expected to continue to increase the requirements for high-efficacy lighting The California Energy Commission recently adopted a residential AHE lighting requirement for the 2016 Title 24 update on June 10 2015 In response to increased development and availability of residential AHE lighting products and their potential for energy savings and lighting quality improvement over current code-compliant lighting systems PGampE is interested in gathering data to inform future changes to building and appliance efficiency standards To achieve this goal verification of market availability lighting load reduction energy savings and system performance is needed to support the residential AHE lighting design practice
BACKGROUND CURRENT BUILDING CODE
The California Energy Commission (Commission) estimates its energy efficiency standards have saved Californians over $74 billion in electricity costs since they were first adopted in
3
PGampErsquos Emerging Technologies Program ET13PGE1063
1975 For homeowners energy efficiency helps ensure that a home is affordable to operate both now and in the future Californiarsquos efficiency standards increase the reliability and availability of electricity thus allowing our electrical system to operate in a more stable manner This benefits Californiarsquos economy as well as the health and well-being of all Californians The Commission adopted the 2013 Building Energy Efficiency Standards (Title 24) on May 31 2012 and the Building Standards Commission approved them for publication on January 11 2013 Applications for building permits submitted on or after July 1 2014 must adhere to the 2013 Title 24 language The 2013 Title 24 standards place a strong emphasis on high-efficacy lighting lighting controls and high performance fenestration products It is expected that future code cycles will continue this trend In order to be considered high-efficacy luminaires must be designed to operate with only energy-efficient light sources GU-24 base lamps are the only replacement lamps considered high-efficacy by definition traditional Edison screw-base sockets are considered low-efficacy Per 2013 Title 24 luminaires and lamps listed in Table 2 are considered either high-efficacy or low-efficacy regardless of measured performance
TABLE 2 HIGH-EFFICACY AND LOW-EFFICACY LAMPS AND LUMINAIRES
Low-efficacy High-efficacy
Mercury vapor lamps Pin-based linear fluorescent or CFLs with electronic ballasts
Line-voltage or low-voltage sockets compatible with any kind of incandescent lamps
Pulse-start metal halide lamps
High-efficacy lamps including screw-base CFLs and LED lamps installed in low-efficacy luminaires
High-pressure sodium lamps
Luminaires using LED light sources not certified to the Commission Induction lamps
Track lighting GU-24 sockets rated for CFLs or LED lamps Lighting systems that allow for conversion between high-efficacy and low-efficacy lighting without changing wiring or housing
Luminaires using LED light sources that have been certified to the Energy Commission
Luminaire housings rated by the manufacturer for use with only LED light engines
4
PGampErsquos Emerging Technologies Program ET13PGE1063
Permanently installed luminaires not included in Table 1 may only be considered high-efficacy if they meet the efficacy requirements of Table 3
TABLE 3 MINIMUM LUMINAIRE EFFICACY FOR HIGH-EFFICACY COMPLIANCE
Luminaire Power Rating Minimum Luminaire Efficacy 5 watts or less 30 lumens per watt
Over 5 watts to 15 watts 45 lumens per watt Over 15 watts to 40 watts 60 lumens per watt Over 40 watts 90 lumens per watt
In addition to increasing requirements for high-efficacy lighting in the home the 2013 Title 24 standards set a minimum quality standard for integral LED luminaires and LED light engines These quality standards can be found in the Joint Appendices (JA) Section 81 LED luminaires must have a CRI of at least 90 to be defined as high efficacy Indoor LED luminaires must have a CCT between 2700K and 4000K Outdoor LED luminaires may have any CCT rating between 2700 K and 5000 K
INSTALLED RESIDENTIAL LIGHTING As of 2010 there were a total of 113153000 residences in the United States2 In these residences 62 of lamps were incandescent 23 were CFLs 10 were linear fluorescent 4 were halogen and less than 1 was other luminaire types including LED replacement lamps and integrated LED luminaires3 About 90-95 of these luminaires are considered low-efficacy under 2013 Title 24 These homes used an average of 46 watts per lamp4 and had about 51 lamps per residence5 only 3 lamps per home incorporated dimming controls6 These lights operate for an average of 18 hours per day averaging 1556 kWh of electricity use a year and have a lighting power density between 10 and 14 watts per square foot of interior space7 There are still a very high number of incandescent lamps in use and most CFL lamps are equipped with screw bases and are considered low-efficacy by Title 24 as shown in Table 4
1 California Energy Commission 2013 Building Energy Efficiency Standards httpwwwenergycagovtitle242013standards 2 US DOE 2010 US Lighting Market Characterization pg 37 table 410 httpapps1eereenergygovbuildingspublicationspdfsssl2010-lmc-final-jan-2012pdf 3 US DOE 2010 US Lighting Market Characterization pg 39 table 412 httpapps1eereenergygovbuildingspublicationspdfsssl2010-lmc-final-jan-2012pdf 4 US DOE 2010 US Lighting Market Characterization pg 40 table 413 httpapps1eereenergygovbuildingspublicationspdfsssl2010-lmc-final-jan-2012pdf 5 US DOE 2010 US Lighting Market Characterization pg 42 table 415 httpapps1eereenergygovbuildingspublicationspdfsssl2010-lmc-final-jan-2012pdf 6 US DOE Residential Lighting End-Use Consumption Study pg 48 table 46 httpapps1eereenergygovbuildingspublicationspdfsssl2012_residential-lighting-studypdf 7 US DOE 2010 US Lighting Market Characterization pg 42 table 415 httpapps1eereenergygovbuildingspublicationspdfsssl2010-lmc-final-jan-2012pdf
5
PGampErsquos Emerging Technologies Program ET13PGE1063
TABLE 4 RESIDENTIAL LIGHTING USE BY SOCKET PERCENTAGE
Room Type Electricity
use per room (kWhyr)
Incandescent CFL Linear
Fluorescent Halogen Other
Total Sockets per Home ()8
Bathroom 242 74 20 3 2 1 18
LivingFamily Room 228 61 29 3 5 1 14
Bedroom 222 67 28 2 3 0 16
Kitchen 215 45 23 22 7 3 13
Exterior 214 59 24 2 14 2 11
Hall 111 72 22 2 4 1 8
Dining Room 105 81 15 1 3 0 6
Garage 69 35 13 51 1 0 5
Office 41 58 27 8 6 0 4
Closet 32 60 20 17 2 0 NA
Basement 28 40 30 28 1 0 NA
OtherUnknown 26 53 17 24 6 0 5
LaundryUtility Room 25 50 19 28 2 0 NA
Current estimates expect a 122 annual growth rate for the square footage of residences9 LEDs are expected to expand their market presence representing 25 of the installed base of lumen-hours by 2020 and 62 by 203010
While the 2013 Title 24 standards are a significant step toward the AHE lighting home there are still allowances for low-efficacy lighting solutions As a result traditional low-efficacy lighting technologies remain a viable option for builders despite rising market availability and performance of high-efficacy solutions Future cycles of Title 24 are expected to continue to increase the requirements for high-efficacy lighting potentially moving to an AHE lighting design
CURRENT LIGHTING DESIGN PRACTICES The project team surveyed residential builders lighting designers and electrical distributors with businesses in PGampE territory to assess the current and anticipated lighting design practices being implemented in residential new construction for the period from 2013 to 2016
Participants in the survey include James Benya of Benya Burnett Consultancy Pam Whitehead of Sage Architecture Katie Lesh of Lumenscom and Adele Chang of Lim Chang Rohling amp Associates The trends gathered in the survey are outlined below
8 Energy Star CFL Market Profile Page 23 Table 11 httpwwwenergystargoviaproductsdownloadsCFL_Market_Profile_2010pdf 9 Navigant Consulting Energy Savings Potential of Solid State Lighting in General Illumination Applications pg 6 httpapps1eereenergygovbuildingspublicationspdfssslssl_energy_savi_ntial_finalpdf 10 US DOE Energy Savings Potential of Solid State Lighting in General Illumination Applications pg 39 httpapps1eereenergygovbuildingspublicationspdfssslssl_energy-savings-report_jan-2012pdf
6
PGampErsquos Emerging Technologies Program ET13PGE1063
bull In most production style homes designers anticipate gradual change out from CFL to LED Today there is a mix of fluorescent and LED being installed as the LED price point is falling
bull Designers anticipate increasing market penetration for LEDs for segments of residential population focused on improved color rendition in interior and exterior applications
bull LED solutions are installed mostly in ambient interior lighting applications such as down lights under cabinet lighting and cove lighting
o High-end homes are more likely to specify four-inch aperture down lights o Built-in lighting fixtures such as down lights are also commonly found in
multi-tenant units as a space saving feature or as an upgrade in single family homes
bull LED solutions are also installed today in niche interior accent lighting such as handrails displays toe kicks
bull LED solutions are installed today in some outdoor applications such as tree up-lights bollards integrated step lights in-water lighting hardscape outlining and other niche lighting
bull LED solutions are trending towards color changing capabilities bull Lighting control systems are becoming prevalent in high-end housing with wireless
solutions allowing for more retrofit market penetration bull From distributorrsquos perspective LEDs are the top seller for todayrsquos residential market bull From the designerrsquos perspective LEDs rarely gets specified due to high price point
7
PGampErsquos Emerging Technologies Program ET13PGE1063
LIGHTING MARKET SURVEY The project team completed a product survey and review of current market information to determine the feasibility of implementing an AHE lighting design using existing AHE technologies The lighting fixtures included in this report are appropriate for various space types in the residential application as determined by lighting design principles to achieve application appropriate light levels A sample of lighting fixtures fulfilling the AHE definition (as of September 2014) are included in Appendix B Types of lighting fixtures included are ceiling-mounted recessed ceiling-mounted surface ceiling-mounted suspended wall mounted under cabinet and vanity
EMERGING PRODUCT The AHE lighting design practice utilizes application appropriate controls paired with dimmable light emitting diode (LED) fixtures or GU-24 socketed fixtures paired with GU-24 base LED replacement lamps By current code definition GU-24 base lamps are the only replacement lamps considered high-efficacy while traditional Edison screw-base sockets are considered low-efficacy In addition to limiting the source type to LED only AHE lighting requires a minimum quality standard for interior LED sources requiring a CRI of at least 90 and a CCT between 2700 K and 4000 K Based on floor plans provided by participating builders and results from the lighting product market survey the project team modeled AHE lighting designs to demonstrate the potential for an all AHE lighting design to meet lighting requirements and deliver energy savings as compared to current code-compliant lighting systems The project team conducted design charrettes for both single family (1870 square feet) and multi-family (605 square feet) homes The resulting AHE lighting packages are provided in Table 5 and Table 6 respectively These packages represent a sample of emerging products currently available to meet the AHE requirements
8
PGampErsquos Emerging Technologies Program ET13PGE1063
TABLE 5 SINGLE FAMILY HOME AHE LIGHTING DESIGN
Space Type AHE Fixture Fixture Load (W)
Quantity Total Load (W)
Kitchen Cree CR6 12 6 72
Under cabinet
Unilume 18 2 36
85 1 85
Nook Philips LED Chandelier 225 1 225
Pantry Cree CR6 12 1 12
Great Room Cree CR6 12 4 48
Entry Cree CR6 12 2 24
Hallways Cree CR6 12 3 36
Office Cree CR6 12 1 12
Bathroom 2 GU-24 Vanity with Illumis
Lamps 137 3 411
Water Closet Cree CR6 12 1 12
Bedroom 2 Cree CR6 12 2 24
Bedroom 3 Cree CR6 12 2 24
Coat Closet Cree CR6 12 1 12
Utility Room Cree CS14 38 1 38
Garage Cree CS14 38 1 38
Porch Cree CR6 12 6 72
Exterior Wall Sconce Borden 774 LED 14 4 56
Master Bedroom Cree CR6 12 4 48
Master Closet Cree CS14 38 1 38
Master Bathroom
GU-24 Vanity with Illumis
Lamps 137 3 411
Cree CR6 12 2 24
Water Closet Cree CR6 12 1 12
TOTAL 7512
9
PGampErsquos Emerging Technologies Program ET13PGE1063
TABLE 6 MULTI- FAMILY HOME AHE LIGHTING DESIGN
Space Type AHE Fixture
Fixture Load (W)
Fixture Quantity
Total Load (W)
Kitchen Cree CR6 12 4 48
Dining Philips Ledino Pendant
225 1 225
Entry Cree CR6 12 1 12
Bath GU-24 Vanity with Illumis
Lamps 137 3 411
Cree CR6 12 1 12
Exterior Wall Sconce Borden 774 14 1 14
TOTAL (W) 1496
10
PGampErsquos Emerging Technologies Program ET13PGE1063
TECHNOLOGY ASSESSMENT
The project team evaluated the residential lighting design purchasing process installation and end-user experience associated with AHE lighting systems through quantitative and qualitative analysis The technical approach employs the use of a product and market survey field deployments in PGampE territory and demonstration system performance evaluations Builder and homeowner end-user surveys provided a qualitative understanding of the AHE lighting measure and user satisfaction The quantitative evaluation included energy monitoring and cost information collection for AHE lighting systems installed at the residential demonstration sites In addition this report includes identified barriers and required next steps necessary for development of energy efficiency programs targeting residential lighting energy savings
TECHNICAL APPROACH This effort identifies best practices for developing a cost-effective AHE residential lighting measure through the evaluation of emerging residential lighting design practices purchasing processes installation practices and the end-user experience associated with AHE lighting The project team considered the following criteria to identify the best practices current residential lighting market offerings industry accepted illuminance recommendations for residential applications current energy efficiency code compliant design practices and installed sockets in the typical residential home The project team installed AHE lighting systems in three new homes where builder and homeowner feedback was gathered regarding the lighting The project team collected lighting system performance and energy use data
The project team conducted the technical approach to evaluate the AHE lighting system in six parts the confirmation of commercially available AHE lighting products through a market survey demonstration site selection development of AHE lighting designs for selected demonstration sites installation of AHE lighting systems at demonstration sites monitoring of AHE lighting system performance and the reduction and analysis of the collected performance data
MARKET SURVEY The project team implemented a survey to collect current market information regarding the feasibility of implementing an AHE lighting design with commercially available lighting products Steps were taken to review all publically available residential lighting manufacturer literature through dialogues with manufacturers about their current and future AHE lighting product offerings examination of manufacturer websites and discussions with distributors in PGampE territory The project team updated the fixture survey over the course
11
PGampErsquos Emerging Technologies Program ET13PGE1063
of this effort allowing for analysis of cost and performance trends of AHE lighting products A copy of the complete market survey is provided in the appendices
SITE SELECTION Davis Energy Group (DEG) identified residential builders in PGampE territory during the summer of 2013 DEG used the following methods to identify builder candidates and encourage participation webinar presentation of opportunity to PGampE California Advanced Home Program (CAHP) builders and other attendees leveraging DEGrsquos participation in LEED for Homes in California and DOE Building America to discuss participation with other member organizations and outreach activities with the builder utility and code compliance community Of the identified builders the project team prioritized those who were willing to install AHE lighting systems and participate in the associated installation survey experience The project team required participating builders to sell select AHE homes to homeowners willing to comply with up to one year of site monitoring and participation in a survey to evaluate their satisfaction with the AHE lighting system The project team incentivized builders who adhered to these criteria to install the AHE lighting systems Builders provided electrical plans to the project team to allow for the AHE lighting system design update At the time of the design builders submitted plans that adhered to 2008 Title 24 code requirements Residential builders that declined to participate in advanced measures including AHE lighting systems for their new construction homes cited varying reasons including concern that the systems would be a lsquodistractionrsquo no interest in new building methods and not being lsquokeen on utility programsrsquo One builder provided insight into the industry as of July 7 2013 saying ldquoUnderstand that the timing of this could not be worse for you with new home construction on the rebound ALL builders are stretched at the moment and labor and material shortages are starting to hit across the nation
LIGHTING DESIGN Using lighting design software (AGi32) to create a model of a two-story home the project team simulated AHE lighting system performance to confirm that it could provide application appropriate illumination levels The project team referenced the Illuminating Engineering Society (IES) recommended light levels for this work by space type per IES Handbook 10th Edition shown in Table 7 Wathen Castanos Hybrid Homes Inc a builder participant in this study provided the representative two-story floor plans shown in Figures 1 and 2 Figure 3 shows a typical floor plan for a one-story home also provided by Wathen Castanos Hybrid Homes Inc
12
PGampErsquos Emerging Technologies Program ET13PGE1063
TABLE 7 LIGHTING FOR RESIDENCES PER IES HANDBOOK 10TH EDITION
Application and Task
Horizontal Illuminance
Target (Avg fc)
Vertical Illuminance
Target (Avg fc)
Notes
Living Room 3 3 E_h floor
E_v 4AFF
Dining Room
Formal 5 2 E_h table plane E_v 4AFF
Informal 10 4 E_h table plane E_v 4AFF
Study Use 20 5 E_h table plane E_v 4AFF
Kitchen
Breakfast Area 20 5 E_h eating surfaces
E_v 4AFF
Cabinets - 5 E_v face of cabinets
Cooktops 30 5 E_h cooking surfaces
General 5 - E_h floor
Preparation Counters 50 75 E_h prep surfaces
Sinks 30 5 E_h top of sink
13
PGampErsquos Emerging Technologies Program ET13PGE1063
FIGURE 1 TYPICAL FIRST FLOOR ELECTRICAL PLAN OF A TWO-STORY HOME
14
PGampErsquos Emerging Technologies Program ET13PGE1063
FIGURE 2 TYPICAL SECOND FLOOR ELECTRICAL PLAN OF A TWO-STORY HOME
15
PGampErsquos Emerging Technologies Program ET13PGE1063
FIGURE 3 TYPICAL ELECTRICAL PLAN OF A ONE-STORY HOME
16
PGampErsquos Emerging Technologies Program ET13PGE1063
The project team modeled the AHE lighting design that best achieved recommended light levels fully for the living room dining room and kitchen Figure 4 and Figure 5 show renderings of the residential dwelling designed to light levels called out in Table 7 This design resulted in a lighting power density of 02 Watts per square foot (Wsf) for the living room 023 Wsf for the dining room and 050 Wsf for the kitchen
FIGURE 4 RESIDENTIAL KITCHEN RENDERING WITH ALL HIGH-EFFICACY LIGHTING
17
PGampErsquos Emerging Technologies Program ET13PGE1063
FIGURE 5 RESIDENTIAL LIVING AND DINING ROOM RENDERING WITH ALL HIGH-EFFICACY LIGHTING
The project team also evaluated the potential of an AHE design for a multi-family home The multi-family-home building plans provided by builder participants include specifications for dedicated socket types but did not specify source wattages A copy of this floor plan is provided in Figure 6
FIGURE 6 MULTI-FAMILY HOME BUILDING PLAN
18
PGampErsquos Emerging Technologies Program ET13PGE1063
LIGHTING SYSTEM INSTALLATION Participating builders installed site specific AHE lighting designs No issues were encountered during the installation of the AHE lighting designs Builders anecdotally reported that AHE lighting components are similar if not the same to install as legacy products The project team conducted site visits to verify correct operation of the lighting system and assess the electrical service architecture for use in finalizing the measurement and verification plan
SYSTEM MONITORING The project team collected data on the photometric performance energy consumption and builder and homeowner satisfaction with the AHE lighting systems The tools and methods employed to collect data are provided in the following sections Copies of builder and homeowner surveys are included in Appendix A of this report and the responses are provided in the results section
PHOTOMETRIC PERFORMANCE The project team characterized the photometric performance of the installed AHE lighting systems using recommended practices from the Illuminating Engineering Societyrsquos The Lighting Handbook Tenth Edition The Lighting for Residential Applications chapter references target residential applications and tasks with specific lighting requirements The project team collected illuminance data for the living room kitchen and dining room applications and compared it to recommended residential illuminance target values provided in Table 7 Equipment used to gather illuminance data is provided in Table 8
TABLE 8 PHOTOMETRIC PERFORMANCE CHARACTERIZATION
Measurement Manufacturer Model Image
Illuminance (footcandles fc) Konica Minolta T-10A
19
PGampErsquos Emerging Technologies Program ET13PGE1063
BUILDER AND HOMEOWNER SURVEY To capture builder and homeowner end-user experiences with the AHE lighting systems demonstrated in this project the project team developed survey tools to collect feedback in a rigorous manner The results of the surveys will be used to better understand barriers to market adoption of AHE lighting systems Copies of each survey are included in Appendix A
ENERGY MONITORING The project team specified metering equipment for installation at the participating demonstration homes to monitor lighting system energy use The accuracy of the circuit-level metering equipment meets the accuracy requirements of the ANSI C121 standard when used with Continental Control System current transformers rated for IEEE C5713 class 06 accuracy The project team determined that the receptacle loads and lighting loads are on the same circuit for two of the three demonstration homes To separate the lighting and receptacle loads the project team specified and installed receptacle-level monitoring equipment to allow for updated energy use monitoring in the amendment to this report The specified receptacle monitoring equipment has a rated accuracy of 5 when monitoring up to a 15 amp load Table 9 lists the equipment specified for use at the participating demonstration homes
TABLE 9 SPECIFIED MONITORING EQUIPMENT
Monitoring Equipment Type Model
AC Power Measurement Device WattNode RWNB-3Y-208-P
Current Transformers CCS CTL-1250
Data Logger HOBO UX120-017M
Receptacle Power Quality Recorder BERT Smart Plug 110M
The project team deployed the measurement and verification equipment at the demonstration homes as shown in Figure 7 to collect lighting energy use data in one minute intervals The project team deployed monitoring equipment at each receptacle that is on a circuit shared with lighting loads
20
PGampErsquos Emerging Technologies Program ET13PGE1063
FIGURE 7 INSTALLATION SCHEMATIC OF ENERGY LOGGING EQUIPMENT
DATA PROCESSING AND ANALYSIS The project team collected data at each demonstration site for an extended monitoring period determined for each demonstration site based on the occupancy date of the demonstration home The project team downloaded data intermittently to verify operation of equipment for processing and analysis
DATA PROCESSING To process the data the project team consolidated the raw data streams generated from the multiple lighting and receptacle data loggers into one master comma separated value (csv) file based on time stamp correlation The number of raw data streams varied from site to site based on the lighting and receptacle circuitry of each demonstration home
WATHEN CASTANOS 1622 Energy use data collected at the Wathen Castanos 1622 demonstration site consisted of one data stream of circuit level energy use at one minute resolution and 30 receptacle energy
21
PGampErsquos Emerging Technologies Program ET13PGE1063
use data streams at one hour resolution The project team binned circuit level energy use into hour resolution to allow for circuit and receptacle data to be analyzed together
NORTHWEST 2205 Energy use data collected at the NorthWest 2205 demonstration site consisted of one data stream of circuit level energy use at one minute resolution and 27 receptacle energy use data streams at one hour resolution The project team binned circuit level energy use into hour resolution to allow for circuit and receptacle data to be analyzed together
MERITAGE 3085 Energy use data collected at the Meritage 3085 demonstration site consisted of two data streams of circuit level energy use at one minute resolution The project team binned circuit level energy use into hour resolution to allow for direct comparison to the other demonstration homes
DATA ANALYSIS
WATHEN CASTANOS 1622 The project team collected lighting and receptacle energy use data for 177 days The project team identified plug load lighting by site walk confirmation and confirmed via data reduction of the receptacle energy monitoring data The project team applied one-time power factors (PF) measurements of the entertainment center appliances were applied to receptacle data streams to scale the load according to the appliance state (onoffstandby) Summed energy use resulting in negative energy use was is attributed to receptacle load energy use and negative values were zeroed to more accurately reflect actual energy use
NORTHWEST 2205 The project team collected lighting and receptacle energy use data for 176 days The project team identified plug load lighting by site walk and confirmed during data reduction of the receptacle energy monitoring data based on known light source wattages The project team determined data streams with one time load peaks of 300 Watts or greater to be outliers and dropped from the analysis The project team categorized peak loads of less than or equal to 70 Watts as lighting loads based on typical residential receptacle use Peak loads greater than 70 Watts were categorized as other loads The project team applied one-time power factors (PF) measurements of the entertainment center appliances to receptacle data streams to scale the load according to the appliance state (onoffstandby) Summed energy use resulting in negative energy use is attributed to receptacle load energy use Negative values were zeroed to more accurately reflect lighting energy use
MERITAGE 3085 The project team collected lighting and ceiling fan energy use data for 75 days Ceiling fan loads and one receptacle in the office were determined to be on the lighting circuit during the data reduction process and are included in the energy use analysis
22
PGampErsquos Emerging Technologies Program ET13PGE1063
RESULTS The project team evaluated AHE lighting systems for their capacity to reduce residential lighting loads provide residential energy savings and deliver application appropriate light levels This work included a market survey site selection lighting design lighting system installation monitoring of the system performance and data analysis
MARKET SURVEY To collect current lighting market information pertaining to the feasibility of implementing an AHE lighting design with commercially available lighting products the project team completed a review of all available residential lighting manufacturer literature This included dialogues with manufacturers about their current and future AHE lighting product offerings examination of manufacturer websites and discussions with distributors in PGampE territory The project team updated the results of the survey over the course of this effort allowing for cost and performance trend analysis of AHE lighting product offerings The AHE lighting product types included in this report are recessed downlight under cabinets wall-mount vanity surface ceiling-mount suspended ceiling-mount and wall-mount sconce light fixtures and are appropriate for residential applications as determined by lighting design illuminance level and uniformity requirements All fixtures fulfilling the AHE lighting system definition at the time of this report are included in the All High-Efficacy Lighting Design Guide provided in Appendix B
LIGHTING DESIGN Based on the lighting market survey results and each demonstration site building plan preliminary AHE lighting layouts were designed preliminary layouts were modeled to confirm that the design provides application appropriate illumination levels and the final iteration of the design was specified for installation in the demonstration sites The project team referenced the IES Handbook 10th Edition recommended light levels for this work by space type Referenced illumination levels are provided in Table 7 Three builders were selected to install AHE lighting designs Wathen Castanos NorthWest Homes and Meritage Homes Each participating builder provided a new construction single-family homes of varying square footage Wathen Castanos provided a single-family home building plan for their 1622 square foot floor plan shown in Figure 8
23
PGampErsquos Emerging Technologies Program ET13PGE1063
FIGURE 8 WATHEN CASTANOS SINGLE-FAMILY HOME FLOOR PLAN 1622
Table 10 contains the specified lighting design and calculated load reduction over the 2008-compliant lighting design the builder typically implemented at the time of this installation The specifications define dedicated sockets types but do not specify source wattages The project team specified possible low and high source wattages for socket types in the lsquooriginalrsquo lighting package in Table 10 In comparison to the 2008 Title 24 compliant design
24
PGampErsquos Emerging Technologies Program ET13PGE1063
the AHE lighting package resulted in a calculated load reduction of 35 to 59 for the one-story single-family home
TABLE 10 WATHEN CASTANOS 1622 AHE LIGHTING DESIGN AND LOAD REDUCTION OVER 2008 TITLE 24 COMPLIANT DESIGN
Space Type Non AHE fixture
type (builder original)
Low Load (W)
High Load (W)
Quantity
Low Load Total (W)
High Load Total (W)
AHE Fixture
AHE Load (W)
AHE Quantity
AHE Total Load (W)
Kitchen Fluorescent Downlight 13 26 6 78 156 Cree CR6 12 6 72
Dining Ceiling Fan
Incandescent Light Kit
40 60 4 160 240 Satco LED
Lamps 98 5 49
Cree CR6 12 2 24
Great Room Fluorescent
Surface Mount Fixture
13 26 1 13 26 Cree CR6 12 4 48
Master Bedroom
Ceiling Fan Incandescent
Light Kit 40 60 4 160 240 Cree CR6 12 4 48
Master Bathroom
Fluorescent Downlight 13 26 3 39 78 Cree CR6 12 3 36
Fluorescent
Vanity 26 52 2 52 104 Satco LED
Lamps 98 8 784
Master Closet
Linear Fluorescent
Fixture (4 lamp) 112 128 1 112 128 Cree
CS14 37 1 37
Bedroom (2) Fluorescent
Surface Mount Fixture
13 26 2 26 52 Cree CR6 12 2 24
Bedroom (3)Study
Fluorescent Surface Mount
Fixture 13 26 2 26 52 Cree CR6 12 2 24
Bathroom Fluorescent Downlight 13 26 2 26 26
Satco LED
Lamps 98 2 196
Fluorescent Vanity 13 26 3 39 78
Satco LED
Lamps 98 3 294
Laundry Fluorescent Downlight 13 26 1 13 26
Satco LED
Lamps 98 2 196
Garage Linear
Fluorescent Fixture (4 lamp)
112 128 1 112 128 Cree CS14 37 1 37
Entry Fluorescent
Surface Mount Fixture
13 26 2 26 52 Cree CR6 12 2 24
Hallway Fluorescent
Surface Mount Fixture
13 26 2 26 52 Cree CR6 12 2 24
TOTAL 908 1438 594
AHE Load Reduction 346 587
25
PGampErsquos Emerging Technologies Program ET13PGE1063
NorthWest Homes provided a single-story single-family home building plan using their 2205 square foot floor plan shown in Figure 9
FIGURE 9 NORTHWEST SINGLE-FAMILY HOME FLOOR PLAN 2205
Table 11 contains the specified lighting design and calculated load reduction over the 2008 compliant lighting design the builder typically implemented at the time of this installation The specifications define dedicated sockets types but do not specify source wattages The project team specified possible low and high source wattages for socket types in the lsquooriginalrsquo lighting package in Table 11 In comparison to the 2008 Title 24 compliant design the lighting package resulted in a calculated load reduction of 37 to 61 for the one-story single-family home
26
PGampErsquos Emerging Technologies Program ET13PGE1063
TABLE 11 NORTHWEST HOMES 2205 AHE LIGHTING DESIGN AND LOAD REDUCTION OVER 2008 TITLE 24 COMPLIANT DESIGN
Space Type
Non AHE fixture type
(builder original)
Low Load (W)
High Load (W)
Quantity
Low Load Total (W)
High Load Total (W)
AHE Fixture
AHE Load (W)
AHE Quantity
AHE Total Load (W)
Kitchen Can Fluorescent 13 26 6 78 156 Cree CR6 12 6 72
Nook Ceiling Light Incandescent 40 43 1 40 43 Cree CR6 12 1 12
Pantry Can Fluorescent 13 26 1 13 26 Cree CR6 12 1 12
Great Room Fan with Light 13 43 3 39 129 Cree CR6 12 4 48
Flush Incandescent 40 43 1 40 43 - - - -
Entry Ceiling Light Incandescent 40 43 2 80 86 Cree CR6 12 2 24
Hallways Flush Incandescent 40 43 3 120 129 Cree CR6 12 3 36
Office Ceiling Light Incandescent 40 43 1 40 43 Cree CR6 12 1 12
Bathroom 2
Wall mount Incandescent 40 43 2 80 86 Illumis
Lamps 411 1 411
Water Closet
Ceiling Light Incandescent 40 43 1 40 43 Cree CR6 12 1 12
Bedroom 2 Fan with Light 13 43 3 39 129 Cree CR6 12 2 24
Bedroom 3 Fan with Light 13 43 3 39 129 Cree CR6 12 2 24
Coat Closet
Can Fluorescent 13 26 1 13 26 Cree CR6 12 1 12
Utility Room
Ceiling Linear Fluorescent 28 32 1 28 32 Cree CR6 12 2 24
Garage Ceiling Linear Fluorescent 28 32 3 84 96 Cree
CS14 38 1 38
Porch Ceiling Light Fluorescent 13 26 6 78 156 Cree CR6 12 6 72
Exterior Wall mount Fluorescent 13 26 4 52 104 Illumis
Lamps 137 4 548 Wall Sconce Master
Bedroom Fan with Light 13 43 3 39 129 Cree CR6 12 4 48
Master Closet
Ceiling Linear Fluorescent 28 32 1 28 32 Cree CR6 12 2 24
Master Bathroom
Wall mount Incandescent 40 43 2 80 86 Illumis
Lamps 411 2 822
Ceiling Light Fluorescent 13 26 2 26 52 Cree CR6 12 2 24
Water Closet
Ceiling Light Incandescent 40 43 1 40 43 Cree CR6 12 1 12
TOTAL
1116 1798
7081
AHE Load Reduction 366 606
27
PGampErsquos Emerging Technologies Program ET13PGE1063
Meritage Homes provided a two-story single-family home building plan for their 3085 square foot floor plan shown in Figure 10 and Figure 11
FIGURE 10 MERITAGE FIRST FLOOR SINGLE-FAMILY HOME FLOOR PLAN 3085
28
PGampErsquos Emerging Technologies Program ET13PGE1063
FIGURE 11 MERITAGE SECOND FLOOR SINGLE-FAMILY HOME FLOOR PLAN 3085
Table 12 contains the specified AHE lighting design and calculated load reduction over the 2008 compliant lighting design the builder typically implemented at the time of this installation The specifications define dedicated sockets types but do not specify source wattages The project team specified possible low and high source wattages for socket types in the lsquooriginalrsquo lighting package in Table 12 In comparison to the 2008 Title 24 compliant design the AHE lighting package resulted in a calculated load reduction of 0 to 11 for the two-story single-family home
29
PGampErsquos Emerging Technologies Program ET13PGE1063
TABLE 12 MERITAGE 3085 AHE LIGHTING DESIGN AND LOAD REDUCTION OVER 2008 TITLE 24 COMPLIANT DESIGN
Space Type
Non AHE fixture type
(builder original)
Low Load (W)
High Load (W)
Quantity
Low Load Total (W)
High Load Total (W)
AHE Fixture AHE Source AHE
Fixture Load (W)
Quantity AHE Total Load (W)
Great Room FanDome 26 52 1 26 52 FanDome CREE CR6 12 4 48
Kitchen Fluorescent downlight 13 26 4 52 104 LED
Downlight Cree CR6 12 4 48
Fluorescent Undercabinet 19 37 2 38 74 - - - - -
Optional Pendant 13 26 2 26 52 LED
Pendant CREE TW 135 2 27
Closet 13 26 13 26 LED Dome Cree TW 135 2 27
Powder Room Vanity 26 52 1 26 52 Vanity CREE TW 135 2 27
Dining Fluorescent downlight 13 26 1 13 26 LED
Chandelier Illumis Lamp 137 5 685
Owners Entry Dome 13 26 1 13 26 Dome CREE TW 135 2 27
Pocket Office Fluorescent downlight 13 26 1 13 26 LED
Downlight Cree CR6 12 1 12
Nook Fluorescent downlight 13 26 1 13 26 LED
Downlight Cree CR6 12 2 24
Pantry Fluorescent downlight 13 26 1 13 26 LED
Downlight Cree CR6 12 2 24
Porch Recessed 13 26 1 13 26 Exterior Ceiling Cree CR6 12 2 24
Exterior lights Wall mount 13 26 1 13 26 Wall Mount Exterior Illumis Lamp 137 3 411
Garage 1x4 T8 Fixture 60 70 1 60 70 1x4 T8 Fixture CREE T8 44 2 88
Foyer Fluorescent downlight 13 26 1 13 26 LED
Downlight Cree CR6 12 2 24
Stairs Fluorescent downlight 13 26 1 13 26 LED
Downlight Cree CR6 12 2 24
Linen closet Fluorescent downlight 13 26 1 13 26 LED
Downlight Cree CR6 12 1 12
Bathroom Vanity 26 52 1 26 52 Vanity CREE TW 27 1 27
Hallway Fluorescent downlight 13 26 1 13 26
Integrated LED Downlight
Cree CR6 12 4 48
Laundry 1x4 T8 Fixture 60 70 1 60 70 1x4 T8 Fixture CREE T8 44 1 44
Attic E26 Socket 13 26 1 13 26 E26 socket CREE TW 135 1 135
Game room FanDome 52 104 1 52 104 FanDome CREE TW 54 1 54
Bath 2 Fluorescent downlight 13 26 1 13 26 LED
Downlight Cree TW 135 3 405
Bedrooms Dome 26 52 1 26 52 Dome Feit Candelabra 49 6 294
- - - - - - Dome Feit A-Lamp 10 3 30
Bedroom Walk in Closets Dome 13 26 1 13 26 Dome Cree TW 135 6 81
Master Bedroom FanDome 52 104 1 52 104 FanDome Feit Candelabra 49 4 196
Master Closet Dome 13 26 1 13 26 Dome Illumis 137 4 548
Master Bathroom Fluorescent downlight 13 26 1 13 26 LED
Downlight Cree CR6 12 1 12
LED Vanity Illumis 137 6 822
Cree TW 12 2 24
Bath 3 Fluorescent downlight 13 26 1 13 26 LED
Downlight Cree CR6 12 1 12
TOTAL (W)
678 1254
11176
AHE Load Reduction ()
- 11
30
PGampErsquos Emerging Technologies Program ET13PGE1063
The project team considered a multi-family home builder for inclusion in the program The provided building plan is shown in Figure 12 Table 13 contains the specified AHE lighting design and calculated load reduction over the 2008 compliant lighting design the builder typically implemented at the time of this installation In comparison to the 2008 Title 24 compliant design the AHE lighting package resulted in a calculated load reduction of 50 for one unit of the multi-family home
FIGURE 12 HERITAGE COMMONS MULTI-FAMILY HOME BUILDING PLAN
31
PGampErsquos Emerging Technologies Program ET13PGE1063
TABLE 13 MULTI- FAMILY HOME AHE LIGHTING DESIGN AND LOAD REDUCTION OVER 2008 TITLE 24 COMPLIANT DESIGN
Space Type Non AHE fixture
type (builder original)
Original Load (W)
Original Quantity
Original Total Load
(W)
AHE Fixture
AHE Load (W)
AHE Quantity
AHE Total
Load (W)
Kitchen Fluorescent Down light
26 4 104 Cree CR6 12 4 48
Dining Progress Pendant 100 1 100 Philips Ledino Pendant
225 1 225
Entry Fluorescent Down light
22 1 22 Cree CR6 12 1 12
Bath Fluorescent 17 2 34
GU-24 Vanity Fixture with
Illumis Lamps
137 3 411
Fluorescent Down light
13 1 13 Cree CR6 12 1 12
TOTAL (W) 2730 1356
AHE Load Reduction
() 503
LIGHTING SYSTEM INSTALLATION The installation of the AHE lighting systems did not require additional installation techniques by the construction team compared to 2008 Title 24 compliant systems Photographs of an AHE lighting system installed in a Wathen Castanos model home are provided below
32
PGampErsquos Emerging Technologies Program ET13PGE1063
FIGURE 13 AHE LIGHTING SYSTEM INSTALLATION IN KITCHEN
33
PGampErsquos Emerging Technologies Program ET13PGE1063
FIGURE 14 AHE LIGHTING SYSTEM INSTALLATION IN LIVING ROOM
34
PGampErsquos Emerging Technologies Program ET13PGE1063
FIGURE 15 AHE LIGHTING SYSTEM INSTALLATION IN BATHROOM
35
PGampErsquos Emerging Technologies Program ET13PGE1063
The cost of AHE lighting components have reduced over the course of this project with integrated high quality high efficacy LED downlights ranging in price from $25 to $50 and high quality high efficacy LED replacement lamps ranging from $7 to $25 as of the time of this report Detailed AHE lighting system cost information for the demonstration sites are contained in Table 14 15 and 16 Costs for lighting system components utilized in both the 2008 Title 24 compliant and AHE lighting designs are not included For instance downlight housings and control components are not listed
TABLE 14 WATHEN CASTANOS 1622 AHE LIGHT SOURCE COST INFORMATION
Space Type AHE Fixture AHE Quantity Price per Fixture ($)
Total Price per Space Type ($)
Kitchen Cree CR6 6 $25 $150
Dining LED Chandelier and Satco LED Lamps 1 $408 $408
Cree CR6 2 $25 $50
Great Room Cree CR6 4 $25 $100
Master Bedroom Cree CR6 5 $25 $125
Master Bathroom Cree CR6 2 $25 $50
Satco LED Lamp 8 $29 $232
Master Closet Cree CS14 1 $407 $407
Bedroom (2) Cree CR6 2 $25 $50
Bedroom (3)Study Cree CR6 2 $25 $50
Bathroom Dome Fixture and Satco LED Lamps 2 $29 $58
Vanity Fixture and Satco LED Lamps 3 $29 $87
Laundry Cree CR6 2 $25 $50
Garage Cree CS14 1 $407 $407
Entry Cree CR6 2 $25 $50
Hallway Cree CR6 2 $25 $50
TOTAL $2324
36
PGampErsquos Emerging Technologies Program ET13PGE1063
TABLE 15 NORTHWEST HOMES 2205 AHE LIGHT SOURCE COST INFORMATION
Space Type AHE Fixture AHE Quantity Price per Fixture ($)
Total Price per Space Type ($)
Kitchen Cree CR6 6 $25 $150
Nook Cree CR6 1 $25 $25
Pantry Cree CR6 1 $25 $25
Great Room Cree CR6 4 $25 $100
Entry Cree CR6 2 $25 $50 Hallways Cree CR6 3 $25 $75
Office Cree CR6 1 $25 $25
Bathroom 2 Illumis Lamps 3 $27 $81
Water Closet Cree CR6 1 $25 $25
Bedroom 2 Cree CR6 2 $25 $50
Bedroom 3 Cree CR6 2 $25 $50
Coat Closet Cree CR6 1 $25 $25
Utility Room Cree CR6 2 $25 $50
Garage Cree CS14 1 $407 $407
Porch Cree CR6 6 $25 $150
Exterior Wall Sconces Illumis Lamps 4 $27 $108
Master Bedroom Cree CR6 4 $25 $100
Master Closet Cree CR6 2 $25 $50 Master
Bathroom Illumis Lamps 2 $27 $54
Cree CR6 2 $25 $50
Water Closet Cree CR6 1 $25 $25
TOTAL $1675
37
PGampErsquos Emerging Technologies Program ET13PGE1063
TABLE 16 MERITAGE 3085 AHE LIGHT SOURCE COST INFORMATION
Space Type AHE Fixture AHE Source Quantity
Price per Fixture
($)
Total Price per Space Type ($)
Great Room FanDome CREE TW 4 $15 $60
Kitchen LED Downlight Cree CR6 4 $25 $100
Optional Pendant CREE TW 2 $15 $30
Closet LED Dome CREE TW 2 $15 $30
Powder Room Vanity CREE TW 2 $15 $30
Dining Chandelier Illumis Lamps 5 $27 $135
Owners Entry Dome CREE TW 2 $15 $30
Pocket Office LED Downlight Cree CR6 1 $25 $25
Nook LED Downlight Cree CR6 2 $25 $50
Pantry LED Downlight Cree CR6 2 $25 $50
Porch Exterior Ceiling Illumis Lamp 2 $27 $54
Exterior lights Wall Mount Exterior
Illumis Lamp 3 $27 $81
Garage 1x4 T8 Fixture CREE T8 2 $35 $70
Foyer LED Downlight Cree CR6 2 $25 $50
Stairs LED Downlight Cree CR6 2 $25 $50
Linen Closet LED Downlight Cree CR6 1 $25 $25
Bathroom Vanity CREE TW 2 $15 $30
Hallway Integrated LED Downlight Cree CR6 4 $25 $100
Laundry 1x4 T8 Fixture CREE T8 1 $35 $35
Attic E26 socket CREE TW 1 $15 $15
Game room FanDome CREE TW 4 $15 $60
Bath 2 LED Downlight Cree TW 3 $15 $45
Bedrooms Dome Feit Candelabra 6 $7 $42
Dome Feit A-Lamp 3 $7 $21
Walk in Closet Dome CREE TW 6 $15 $90
Master Bedroom FanDome Feit
Candelabra 4 $7 $28
Master Closet Dome Illumis 4 $27 $108
Master Bathroom LED Downlight Cree CR6 1 $25 $25
LED Vanity Illumis 6 $27 $162
Bath 3 LED Downlight Cree CR6 1 $25 $25
TOTAL $1656
38
PGampErsquos Emerging Technologies Program ET13PGE1063
SYSTEM PERFORMANCE EVALUATION The project team monitored the builder and homeowner end-user satisfaction photometric performance and energy consumption of the installed AHE lighting systems according to the test method outlined in this report The results of the system performance evaluation are provided below
SURVEY RESPONSES To capture builder and homeowner end-user experiences with the AHE lighting systems deployed for evaluation in this project the project team developed survey tools in order to collect feedback in a rigorous manner The results of the surveys will be used to better understand barriers to market adoption of AHE lighting systems and inform the recommendations for next steps Responses to the builder and homeowner surveys are included in the following sections
BUILDER SURVEY RESPONSES The three participating builders completed the AHE lighting system installation The survey response below is for Wathen Castanos (WC) Northwest Homes (NH) and Meritage Homes (MH)
Q What is the primary driver(s) for lighting specification choices bull WC Cost and Title 24 Code Requirements bull NH Title 24 Code Requirements then customer preference bull MH Cost without sacrificing product reliability and then Title 24 Code Requirements
Q At what point in your design process are appliance or energy codes such as T24 considered
bull WC In the plan design stage bull NH Beginning before plans are submitted for plan check review bull MH When determining the lighting schedule
Q How often is your initial plan altered in order to comply with T24 requirements
bull WC Typically not until there is a mandated code update bull NH About 50 of the time although T24 is considered throughout all designs bull MH Very rarely to comply more often to exceed T24 requirements Typically
altered to take advantage of local utility incentives Q What is your typical budget for lighting in a small mid-sized and large home
bull WC Small $500 Mid-Sized $800 Large $1900 bull NH Small $2000 Mid-Sized $3000 Large $4000 bull MH Small $500 Mid-Sized $850 Large $1400
Q Does the lighting design or technologies used vary depending on the locale or price-point of the home If so how
bull WC Yes the high end homes will typically have a higher quality finish on the light fixtures
39
PGampErsquos Emerging Technologies Program ET13PGE1063
bull NH Yes we allow approximately $125 per square foot of the home for lighting and ceiling fans We use a lot of LED recessed can lighting in kitchens and hallways as standard The electrical contractor includes those in his bid about $9000 each
bull MH Yes location and the associated market affect this decision Builder competition also influences if LED lighting or solar is offered as a way to differentiate ourselves
Q Compared to other building systems how large an impact does lighting have on a homersquos budget (as a percent)
bull WC Less than 1 bull NH Including cost increase for high efficiency lighting due to lack of product
availability about 15 bull MH About 02
Q How difficult is it to find Title 24 compliant products for each of the following product categories
Not Difficult
Somewhat Difficult
Very Difficult
Not Applicable
GU-24 MH WC NH
Integral LEDs vs replacement lamps WC NH MH
Quick connects WC NH MH
New track lighting requirements WC NH MH
Q How often do homeowners ask for a lighting change after construction is completed
bull WC Almost Never bull NH Often bull MH Almost Never
Q Do they try to replace luminaires with non-compliant alternatives bull WC Occasionally bull NH Often bull MH Almost Never
Q What role do the utility companies play in your lighting design decision making process
bull WC Rebates and Incentives bull NH None Title 24 only bull MH None
Q What challenges do you foresee arising that will make AHE compliance difficult
bull WC Economics ndash price of high efficacy products 90 CRI Product availability ndash most products canrsquot be quickly purchased at hardware stores
bull NH Economics ndash price of high efficacy products 90 CRI Product availability ndash most products canrsquot be quickly purchased at hardware stores
bull MH Economics ndash price of high efficacy products 90 CRI Product availability ndash most products canrsquot be quickly purchased at hardware stores
40
PGampErsquos Emerging Technologies Program ET13PGE1063
Q With integral LED luminaires becoming part of Title 24 compliance do you foresee any issues with end-users adopting this lighting appliance
bull WC No It will become the norm and current home owners do not like fluorescent fixtures
bull NH No the lighting quality of new LED lights seem to be acceptable to most buyers bull MH No not with the LED light quality and longevity Cost may be an issue
Changing components rather than bulbs may be an issue
HOMEOWNER SURVEY RESPONSES At the time of this report all participating demonstration homes had been occupied for sufficient time to collect survey responses The homeowner survey response provided below is for the Wathen Castanos 1622 homeowner (WC) NorthWest Homes 2205 homeowners (NH1 and NH2) and Meritage Homes 3085 homeowner (MH)
Q Please compare the lighting in your new home to the lighting in your previous home Do you think that each of the following aspects of lighting is better worse or the same in your new home
Better Worse The same I donrsquot know
I like the color of the lighthellip WC NH1 NH2 MH
The light levels in the space arehellip WC NH1
NH2 MH
Objects under the light lookhellip NH1 NH2 WC MH The aesthetic of the fixtures arehellip NH1 NH2 MH WC The lighting controllability ishellip WC NH2 MH NH1 The glare of the lighting ishellip NH1 NH2 MH WC
41
PGampErsquos Emerging Technologies Program ET13PGE1063
Q Rate your satisfaction with the AHE lighting in each room type in your new home Use the following scale
1 Extremely dissatisfied 2 Dissatisfied 3 No difference in satisfaction from lighting in last home 4 Satisfied 5 Extremely satisfied
WC Responses bull Kitchen Satisfied bull Bathroom No difference in the satisfaction from lighting in last home bull Common Living Spaces Satisfied bull Bedrooms Satisfied bull Dining Room No difference in the satisfaction from lighting in last home bull Garage No difference in the satisfaction from lighting in last home
NH1 Responses
bull Kitchen Satisfied bull Bathroom Satisfied bull Common Living Spaces Extremely Satisfied bull Bedrooms Satisfied bull Dining Room Dissatisfied bull Garage Extremely Dissatisfied
NH2 Responses
bull Kitchen Dissatisfied (no undercounter lighting) bull Bathroom Satisfied bull Common Living Spaces Extremely Satisfied bull Bedrooms Satisfied bull Dining Room Satisfied bull Garage Extremely Dissatisfied
MH Responses
bull Kitchen Satisfied bull Bathroom Satisfied bull Common Living Spaces Satisfied bull Bedrooms Satisfied bull Dining Room Satisfied bull Garage No difference in the satisfaction from lighting in last home
42
PGampErsquos Emerging Technologies Program ET13PGE1063
Q What type of lighting did you use in your previous home WC Response
a Linear fluorescent b Incandescent c CFLs
NH1 Response
a Linear fluorescent b Incandescent c CFLs d Other Halogen Under Counter
NH2 Response
a Linear fluorescent b Incandescent c CFLs d Other Halogen
MH Response Incandescent Q For one standard residential screw-base light fixture what is the most that you would be willing to pay for a single light bulb
bull WC Response $11-15 bull NH1 Response $6-10 bull NH2 Response $1-5 bull MH Response $1-5
Q Rate your familiarity with the following topics Use the following scale 1 I have never heard of it before 2 I have heard of this but am not sure exactly what it means 3 I am familiar with this concept but not an expert 4 I am an expert when it comes to this concept
WC Response bull GU-24 based lamps I have never heard of it before bull LED replacement lamps I am familiar with this concept but not an expert bull Integral LED luminaires I have heard of this but am not sure exactly what it
means bull Adaptive lighting controls I have never heard of it before bull Color Rendering Index I am familiar with this concept but not an expert bull Correlated Color Temperature I have heard of this but am not sure exactly what
it means
43
PGampErsquos Emerging Technologies Program ET13PGE1063
NH1 Response bull GU-24 based lamps I have never heard of it before bull LED replacement lamps I am familiar with this concept but not an expert bull Integral LED luminaires I have never heard of it before bull Adaptive lighting controls I have heard of this but am not sure exactly what it
means bull Color Rendering Index I am familiar with this concept but not an expert bull Correlated Color Temperature I have heard of this but am not sure exactly what
it means NH2 Response
bull GU-24 based lamps I am familiar with this concept but not an expert bull LED replacement lamps I am familiar with this concept but not an expert bull Integral LED luminaires I have never heard of it before bull Adaptive lighting controls I am familiar with this concept but not an expert bull Color Rendering Index I have never heard of it before bull Correlated Color Temperature I have never heard of it before
MH Response
bull GU-24 based lamps I have never heard of it before bull LED replacement lamps I am familiar with this concept but not an expert bull Integral LED luminaires I have heard of this but am not sure exactly what it
means bull Adaptive lighting controls I have heard of this but am not sure exactly what it
means bull Color Rendering Index I am familiar with this concept but not an expert bull Correlated Color Temperature I have heard of this but am not sure exactly what
it means Q How important to you is the ability to maintain your own lighting within your home (Replace burnt-out light bulbsfixtures repair or replace controls etc)
bull WC Response Important that I can replace light bulbs only bull NH1 Response Not at all important I can pay a technician to do those tasks bull NH2 Response Important that I can perform any maintenance task necessary
MH Response Important that I can replace light bulbs only
SYSTEM MONITORING RESULTS The project team monitored the energy and photometric performance of the installed AHE lighting systems according to the test method outlined in this report Results are provided below
PHOTOMETRIC PERFORMANCE The project team characterized the photometric performance of the AHE lighting system installed at the Wathen Castanos 1622 home utilizing the recommended practices from the Illuminating Engineering Societyrsquos The Lighting Handbook Tenth Edition The Lighting for
44
PGampErsquos Emerging Technologies Program ET13PGE1063
Residential Applications chapter was referenced to identify target applications and tasks for residences with specific lighting requirements The project team collected illuminance measurements for the living kitchen dining and bathroom applications Results and recommended light levels are summarized in Table 17
45
PGampErsquos Emerging Technologies Program ET13PGE1063
TABLE 17 WATHEN CASTANOS 1622 MEASURED ILLUMINANCE
Application and Task
Horizontal Illuminance
Target (Avg fc)
Vertical Illuminance
Target (Avg fc)
Measured Horizontal
Illuminance (Avg fc)
Measured Vertical
Illuminance (Avg fc)
Notes
Living Room 3 3 53 NA E_h floor E_v 4AFF
Dining Room 210 NA
Formal 5 2 - - E_h table plane E_v 4AFF
Informal 10 4 - - E_h table plane E_v 4AFF
Study Use 20 5 - - E_h table plane E_v 4AFF
Kitchen
Breakfast Area 20 5 348 297 E_h eating
surfaces E_v 4AFF
Cabinets - 5 - 246 E_v face of cabinets
Cooktops 30 5 207 205 E_h cooking surfaces
General 5 - 314 271 E_h floor Preparation
Counters 50 75 194 159 E_h prep surfaces
Sinks 30 5 362 226 E_h top of sink
Bathroom
Shower 5 - 552 1809 E_h floor E_v 3AFF
Toilet 10 - 304 272 E_h floor
Vanity (Grooming) 30 - 501 342 E_h floor E_v 5AFF
46
PGampErsquos Emerging Technologies Program ET13PGE1063
ENERGY USE MONITORING Energy use data collected at the demonstration sites over the course of this effort is provided in this section Detailed lighting load profiles are provided in Appendix D Raw data is available upon request A comparison of estimated and measured lighting energy use is provided in Table 18 Estimated annual lighting energy use assumes 18 hours of use per day11
TABLE 18 SUMMARY OF CALCULATED AND MEASURED LIGHTING ENERGY USE
Site Area (sf)
Lighting Schedule
Calculated Load (kW)
Measured Peak Lighting
Load (kW)
Measured LPD
Calculated Annual Lighting
Energy Use (kWh)
Estimated Annual Lighting
Energy Use (kWh)
Wathen Castanos 1622 059 046 028 1096 3022
North West Homes
2205 071 062 028 4509 4073
Meritage Homes 3085 112 111 036 13004 7293
Wathen Castanos 1622 Daily lighting energy use profiles at the Wathen Castanos 1622 demonstration home are provided below In addition cumulative results over the course of the monitoring period are included Date gaps in data are due to network errors Days with missing data were dropped from the analysis resulting in 157 days of monitored energy use spanning November 19 2014 to May 25 2015 The lighting energy use averages 300 kWh per day Extrapolating this average for an assumed usage of 365 days per year results in a calculated annual energy use of 1096 kWh
11 US DOE 2010 US Lighting Market Characterization pg 42 table 415 httpapps1eereenergygovbuildingspublicationspdfsssl2010-lmc-final-jan-2012pdf
47
PGampErsquos Emerging Technologies Program ET13PGE1063
FIGURE 16 TOTAL DAILY ENERGY USE FOR WATHEN CASTANOS 1622 DEMONSTRATION HOME
FIGURE 17 WEEKLY ENERGY USE FOR WATHEN CASTANOS 1622 DEMONSTRATION HOME jh
000050100150200250300350400450500
111
920
1411
24
2014
112
920
1412
42
014
129
201
412
27
2014
11
2015
16
2015
111
201
51
162
015
128
201
52
220
152
720
152
122
015
217
201
52
222
015
227
201
53
420
153
920
153
142
015
319
201
53
242
015
329
201
54
320
154
820
154
132
015
418
201
54
232
015
428
201
55
320
155
820
155
132
015
518
201
55
232
015
Daily Lighting Energy Use (kWh)
48
PGampErsquos Emerging Technologies Program ET13PGE1063
Energy use per day is provided based on sunrise and sunset definitions to identify day and night lighting energy use
FIGURE 18 ENERGY USE PER DAY OVER MONITORING PERIOD DURATION
NorthWest Homes 2205 Daily lighting energy use profiles at the NorthWest Homes 2205 demonstration home are provided below In addition cumulative results over the course of the monitoring period are included for the 176 days spanning October 29 2014 to April 20 2015 The lighting energy use averages 124 kWh per day Extrapolating this average for an assumed usage of 365 days per year results in a calculated annual energy use of 4509 kWh
49
PGampErsquos Emerging Technologies Program ET13PGE1063
FIGURE 19 TOTAL ENERGY USE FOR NORTHWEST HOMES 2205 DEMONSTRATION HOME
000
050
100
150
200
250
102
920
1411
32
014
118
201
411
13
2014
111
820
1411
23
2014
112
820
1412
32
014
128
201
412
13
2014
121
820
1412
23
2014
122
820
141
220
151
720
151
122
015
117
201
51
222
015
127
201
52
120
152
620
152
112
015
216
201
52
212
015
226
201
53
320
153
820
153
132
015
318
201
53
232
015
328
201
54
220
154
720
154
122
015
417
201
5
Daily Lighting Energy Use (kWh)
50
PGampErsquos Emerging Technologies Program ET13PGE1063
FIGURE 20 WEEKLY CUMULATIVE ENERGY USE FOR NORTHWEST HOMES 2205 DEMONSTRATION HOME
Energy use per day is provided based on sunrise and sunset definitions to identify day and night lighting energy use
51
PGampErsquos Emerging Technologies Program ET13PGE1063
FIGURE 21 ENERGY USE PER DAY OVER MONITORING PERIOD DURATION
52
PGampErsquos Emerging Technologies Program ET13PGE1063
Meritage 3085 Daily energy use profiles for the ceiling fan and lighting loads at the Meritage 3085 demonstration home are provided below Post-data collection one receptacle was identified as being on the lighting circuit This is included in the 75 days of monitored energy use below spanning January 31 2015 to April 15 2015 The monitored energy use averages 356 kWh per day Extrapolating this average for an assumed usage of 365 days per year this results in a calculated annual lighting related energy use of 1300 kWh
FIGURE 22 TOTAL ENERGY USE FOR MERITAGE 3085 DEMONSTRATION HOME
0
1
2
3
4
5
6
131
201
5
23
2015
26
2015
29
2015
212
201
5
215
201
5
218
201
5
221
201
5
224
201
5
227
201
5
32
2015
35
2015
38
2015
311
201
5
314
201
5
317
201
5
320
201
5
323
201
5
326
201
5
329
201
5
41
2015
44
2015
47
2015
410
201
5
413
201
5
Daily Lighting Energy Use (kWh)
53
PGampErsquos Emerging Technologies Program ET13PGE1063
FIGURE 23 WEEKLY CUMULATIVE ENERGY USE FOR MERITAGE 3085 DEMONSTRATION HOME
Energy use per day is provided based on sunrise and sunset definitions to identify day and night lighting energy use
54
PGampErsquos Emerging Technologies Program ET13PGE1063
FIGURE 24 ENERGY USE PER DAY OVER MONITORING PERIOD DURATION
RECOMMENDATIONS Over the duration of the project product availability and cost barriers to the adoption of AHE lighting for residential applications were identified Participating builders unanimously responsed that challenges for builders to be compliant with AHE lighting requirements include the economics associated with AHE lighting products and the limited availability of AHE lighting products that can be quickly purchased at a hardware store For the AHE lighting designs implemented in this study two of the three AHE lighting designs exceeded the typical lighting budget for the builders Programmatic recommendations to overcome these barriers if enacted will help increase widespread adoption of AHE systems Lighting systems that comply with the AHE definition range in performance and cost These ranges are predominantly linked to the lighting systemrsquos electrical architecture affecting controls compatibility heat transfer and allowable installation locations system efficiency light quality light output and component cost With recent developments in LED technology and electrical architecture Edison-based replacement lamp performance has improved and cost has reduced dramatically In addition to fixture integrated and GU-24 socket LED lighting solutions it is recommended that the AHE definition include lighting fixtures equipped with Edison sockets and installed with an Edison base source complying with the high-efficacy high-quality requirements If enacted the increased product availability and reduced cost of the Edison-based LED lamps meeting the high-efficacy high-quality requirements will help overcome barriers to the adoption of AHE lighting for residential applications
55
PGampErsquos Emerging Technologies Program ET13PGE1063
APPENDIX A ndash SURVEY QUESTIONS BUILDER SURVEY CONTENT
1 Describe the lighting design process for your team bull What is the primary driver(s) for lighting specification choices (ie cost T24
requirements customer preference fixture availability etc) bull At what point in your design process are appliance or energy codes such as T24
considered bull How often is your initial plan altered in order to comply with T24 requirements
2 What is your typical budget for lighting in a small mid-sized and large home
bull Does the lighting design or technologies used vary depending on the locale or price-point of the home If so how
bull Compared to other building systems how large an impact does lighting have on a homersquos budget (as a percent)
3 How difficult is it to find Title 24 compliant products for each of the following product
categories Not
Difficult Somewhat
Difficult Very
Difficult GU-24 familiarity Integral LEDs vs replacement lamps Quick connects New track lighting requirements
4 How often do homeowners ask for a lighting change after construction is completed
(Never Almost Never Occasionally Often) bull Do they try to replace luminaires with non-compliant alternatives (Never Almost
Never Occasionally Often) 5 What role do the utility companies play in your lighting design decision making process
bull Rebates and Incentives bull Marketing tools bull Other tasks
6 What challenges do you foresee arising that will make AHE compliance difficult
bull Economics ndash price of high efficacy products 90 CRI bull Education ndash does install team need to learn how to install new technologies bull Product availability ndash most products canrsquot be quickly purchased at hardware stores bull Other
7 With integral LED luminaires becoming part of Title 24 compliance do you foresee any
issues with end-users adopting this lighting appliance
56
PGampErsquos Emerging Technologies Program ET13PGE1063
HOMEOWNER SURVEY CONTENT 2 Please compare the lighting in your new home to the lighting in your previous home Do
you think that each of the following aspects of lighting is better worse or the same in your new home
Better Worse The same I donrsquot know I like the color of the lighthellip The light levels in the space arehellip Objects under the light lookhellip The aesthetic of the fixtures arehellip The lighting controllability ishellip The glare of the lighting ishellip
3 Rate your satisfaction with the AHE lighting in each room type in your new home Use
the following scale 1 Extremely dissatisfied 2 Dissatisfied 2 No difference in satisfaction from lighting in last home 3 Satisfied 4 Extremely satisfied
bull Kitchen 1 2 3 4 5 bull Bathroom 1 2 3 4 5 bull Common Living Spaces 1 2 3 4 5 bull Bedrooms 1 2 3 4 5 bull Dining Room 1 2 3 4 5 bull Garage 1 2 3 4 5
4 What type of lighting did you use in your previous home Circle all that apply a Linear fluorescent b Incandescent c CFLs d LEDs e Other _______________ f I donrsquot know
5 For one standard residential screw-base light fixture what is the most that you would
be willing to pay for a single light bulb
a $1-5 b $6-10 c $11-15 d $16+
6 Rate your familiarity with the following topics Use the following scale
1 I have never heard of it before 2 I have heard of this but am not sure exactly what it means
57
PGampErsquos Emerging Technologies Program ET13PGE1063
3 I am familiar with this concept but not an expert 4 I am an expert when it comes to this concept
bull GU-24 based lamps 1 2 3 4 bull LED replacement lamps 1 2 3 4 bull Integral LED luminaires 1 2 3 4 bull Adaptive lighting controls 1 2 3 4 bull Color Rendering Index 1 2 3 4 bull Correlated Color Temperature 1 2 3 4
7 How important to you is the ability to maintain your own lighting within your home
(Replace burnt-out light bulbsfixtures repair or replace controls etc) 1 Not at all important I can pay a technician to do those tasks 2 Important that I can replace light bulbs only 3 Important that I can replace light bulbs and ballastsdriversassociated
electronics 4 Important that I can perform any maintenance task necessary
58
PGampErsquos Emerging Technologies Program ET13PGE1063
APPENDIX B ndash AHE COMPLIANT PRODUCTS
CEILING-MOUNTED RECESSED LUMINAIRESCEILING-MOUNTED RECESSED LUMINAIRES
PRODUCT CCT CRI WATTSEFFICACY
(Lumens Watt)
Cree LED Lighting
4 ROUND DOWNLIGHT KR4-9L-27K-V KR4T-SSGC-
2700 K 90 13 W 50
Dasal Architectural Lighting
QUADRA LED TRIM 2-500--BRO-FL-9027-800
3000 K 95 12 W 52
Dasal Architectural Lighting STAR LITE XIC LED TRIM 2-167-01-BRO-FL-9027-800
2700 K 91 12 W 51
Designers Fountain
6 DIMMABLE LED6741A30
3000 K 95 14 W 61
dmf Lighting
4 5 6 LED DRD2M10927
2700 K 90 15 W 67
Elite Lighting
4 LED RETROFIT MODULE RL428-650L-DIMTR-120-30K-90-W-WH
3000 K 90 11 W 61
Energy Savings Technology
2 ADJUSTABLE LED DL2-D3
2964 K 92 15 W 55
Fahrenheit Lighting
6LED DME8927
2700 K 90 13 W 62
Halo Eatons Cooper Lighting business
NARROW FLOOD LIGHT RA406927NFLWH
2700 K 90 10 W 69
2013 TITLE 24 PART 626
Iris Products
35 APERTURE P3LED09FL40927E-E3MRC
2700 K 90 15 W 45
Liton
6 GU24 LED REFLECTOR LRELD602C-L10-T27
2700 K 85 12 W 48
MaxLite
6 RETROFIT RR61227WC
2700 K 81 12 W 63
Mini LED MultiSpot
MULTI-SPOT LIGHT MT-3LD11NA-F930-
3000 K 90 11 W 59
Portfolio
4 NEW CONSTRUCTION LD4AD010TE099274LM0H
3000 K 90 15 W 46
Prescolite (A Division of Hubbell Lighting)
6 NEW amp EXISTING CONSTRUCTION LB6LEDA10L27K9 BL
3500 K 83 12 W 66
Progress Lighting
6 DOWNLIGHT P8071-30K9-L10
3000 K 83 12 W 66
Tech Lighting
3 FIXED DOWNLIGHT E3W-LH927
2700 K 92 17 W 63
Tech Lighting
4 ADJUSTABLE DOWNLIGHT E4W-LH930--277
3000 K 93 31 W 66
PRODUCT CCT CRI WATTSEFFICACY (Lumens Watt)
27HIGH-EFFICACY RESIDENTIAL LIGHTING
CEILING-MOUNTED SURFACE LUMINAIRES
PRODUCT CCT CRI WATTSEFFICACY (Lumens Watt)
Hinkley Lighting
HADLEY 3301-LED
2700 K 90 32 W 65
Hinkley Lighting
BRANTLEY 4631-LED
2700 K 90 32 W 65
Hinkley Lighting
BOLLA 5551-LED
2700 K 90 32 W 65
Hinkley Lighting
FLUSH MOUNT 5551-LED
2700 K 96 32 W 60
Permlight
12 ROUND CLIPS FLUSH MOUNT XXX-5545
2700 K 90 26 W 64
Permlight
12 SQUARE FLUSH MOUNT XXX-5555
2700 K 90 26 W 64
Permlight
12 SQUARE FRAMED FLUSH MOUNT XXX-5565
2700 K 90 26 W 64
Permlight
CYLINDER FLUSH MOUNT XXX-6100
2700 K 90 13 W 64
Permlight
RECTANGLE FLUSH MOUNT XXX-6115
2700 K 90 13 W 64
2013 TITLE 24 PART 628
CEILING-MOUNTED SUSPENDED LUMINAIRES
PRODUCT CCT CRI WATTSEFFICACY (Lumens Watt)
Fredrick Ramond
MAPLE LOFT FR35002MPL
2700 K 90 6 W 45
Fredrick Ramond
WALNUT LOFT FR35018WAL
2700 K 90 6 W 45
Fredrick Ramond
CHERRY LOFT FR35027CHY
2700 K 90 6 W 45
Fredrick Ramond
BAMBOO ZEN FR46208BAM
2700 K 90 6 W 45
Hinkley Lighting
HATHAWAY 3220-LED
2700 K 90 32 W 60
Hinkley Lighting
ZELDA 3441-L720
2700 K 90 32 W 60
Hinkley Lighting
BOLLA 4651-LED
2700 K 90 32 W 60
29HIGH-EFFICACY RESIDENTIAL LIGHTING
WALL-MOUNTED LUMINAIRES
PRODUCT CCT CRI WATTSEFFICACY (Lumens Watt)
Hinkley Lighting
LEX 2714
2700 K 90 15 W 53
Hinkley Lighting
LANZA 5590-LED
2700 K 90 8 W 60
Hinkley Lighting
LATITUDE 5650-LED
2700 K 90 8 W 60
Permlight
SMALL RECTANGLE XXX-0910
2700 K 90 13 W 64
Permlight
SMALL CYLINDER XXX-0940
2700 K 90 13 W 64
Permlight
TRIANGLE WALL SCONCE XXX-1141
2700 K 90 13 W 64
Permlight
LARGE CYLINDER XXX-1411
2700 K 90 26 W 64
Permlight
SMALL CROSS WINDOW XXX-7285
2700 K 90 13 W 64
2013 TITLE 24 PART 630
UNDERCABINET LUMINAIRES
PRODUCT CCT CRI WATTSEFFICACY (Lumens Watt)
Aion LED
A-TRACK LIGHT ENGINE 3924-29-
2950 K 92 1 W 80
Diode LED
AVENUE 24 PREMIUM LED TAPE DI-24V-AV50-90
5000 K 90 2 W 85
EcoSense
48 ECOSPEC LINEAR LCILH-12-27-120-120
4000 K 90 3 W 58
EcoSense
12 ECOSPEC LINEAR LCISH-12-27-120-120
4000 K 90 4 W 55
Nora Lighting
6 LED LIGHT BAR NULB-6LED9
3000 K 90 3 W 38
Tech Lighting
UNILUME LED LIGHT BAR 700UCRD07930-LED
3000 K 91 4 W 74
Tech Lighting
UNILUME LED MICRO CHANNEL 700UMCD304930
3000 K 90 13 W 63
WAC Lighting
INVISLED PRO2 LED-TX2427-
2700 K 90 4 W 81
31HIGH-EFFICACY RESIDENTIAL LIGHTING
VANITY LUMINAIRES
PRODUCT CCT CRI WATTSEFFICACY (Lumens Watt)
Hinkley Lighting
DARIA 3-LED 55483-LED
2700 K 90 24 W 60
Hinkley Lighting
DARIA 3-LED 55484-LED
2700 K 90 32 W 60
Hinkley Lighting
MERIDIAN 3-LED 5593-LED
2700 K 90 24 W 60
Hinkley Lighting
DUET 2-LED 5612-LED
2700 K 90 16 W 60
Hinkley Lighting
DUET 5-LED 5615-LED
2700 K 90 40 W 60
Hinkley Lighting
LATITUDE 4-LED 5654-LED
2700 K 90 32 W 60
Hinkley Lighting
DAPHNE 2-LED 5922-LED
2700 K 90 16 W 60
Hinkley Lighting
DAPHNE 5-LED 5925-LED
2700 K 90 40 W 60
2013 TITLE 24 PART 632
PGampErsquos Emerging Technologies Program ET13PGE1063
APPENDIX C ndash MEASUREMENT AND DATA COLLECTION EQUIPMENT SPECIFICATIONS
Revenue-grade Energy and Power MetersThe WattNode Revenue meters are designed for use in applications where revenue-grade or utility-grade accu-racy is required The WattNode Revenue meters meet the accuracy requirements of ANSI C121 and support Modbusreg BACnetreg or LonTalkreg communications proto-cols or a pulse output
The WatttNode Revenue marks a new level of per-formance for the WattNode brand of electric power meters The WattNode Revenue electric power meters are optimized for tenant submetering in residential and commercial spaces PV energy generation metering UMCS metering on military bases and more
The WattNode Revenue meters are designed for 120208 and 277480 Vac applications For ANSI C121 accuracy current transformers compliant with IEEE C5713 Class 06 are required Each meter is calibrated using NIST traceable equipment following the procedures
reg reg reg
WATTNODE REVENUE for BACnet
WATTNODE REVENUE for Modbus
WATTNODE REVENUE for LonWorks
WATTNODE REVENUE Pulse
CURRENT TRANSFORMERS
New
ANSI C12 Load Performance Test - RWNC-3Y-208-MB WattNode Revenue
Current (Percent of Fullscale)
Ener
gy (P
erce
nt R
egis
trat
ion)
1 2 3 10 15 30 50 75 90 100
1020
1015
1010
1005
1000
995
990
985
980
C121 Limit
C121 Limit
RWNC-3Y-208-MB
1
19 SymbolsRead understand and follow all instructions including warnings and precautions before installing and using the product
Potential Shock Hazard from Dangerous High Voltage
Functional ground should be connected to earth ground if possible but is not required for safety grounding
UL Listing mark This shows the UL and cUL (Canadian) listing mark
FCC Mark This logo indicates compliance with part 15 of the FCC rules
Complies with the regulations of the European Union for Product Safety and Electro-Magnetic Compatibilitybull Low Voltage Directive ndash EN 61010-1 2001bull EMC Directive ndash EN 61327 1997 + A11998 + A22001
V~ This indicates an AC voltage
2 OverviewCongratulations on your purchase of the WattNodereg Pulse wattwatt-hour trans-ducer The WattNode meter enables you to make power and energy measure-ments within electric service panels avoiding the costly installation of subpanels and associated wiring It is designed for use in demand side management (DSM) submetering and energy monitoring applications
21 Additional LiteratureSee the Continental Control Systems LLC website (wwwccontrolsyscom)for product pages datasheets and support pages for all WattNode meter mod-els and current transformers Each WattNode model has an Operating and Reference Guide with detailed information on the available measurements and interface
22 Electrical Service TypesTable 1 above lists the WattNode models and common circuit types In the ldquoElectrical Service Typesrdquo column when two voltages are listed with a slash between them they indicate the line-to-neutral line-to-line voltages The ldquoLine-to-Neutralrdquo and ldquoLine-to-Linerdquo columns show the operating ranges for the WattNode meters
Connect the line voltages to the meter inputs as shown in the following figures for each service type See Figure 1 above for an overview
Ground
WH
ITE
BLA
CK
OslashB CT
OslashC CT
OslashA CT
OslashB
OslashC
N
OslashA
GND or CommonInput or Positive
Monitoring Equip-ment or Display
P1P2P3
COM
Out
put
Status
Status
Status
WATTNODEreg PULSE
WNB-WNB- -P
-P
Neutral
Phase A
Phase B
Phase C
LOA
D
WHITEBLACK
WH
ITE
BLA
CK
LINE
SourceFaces
CurrentTransformers
3Y-xxx3D-xxx
Figure 1 WattNode Wiring Diagram
ElectricalService (or Load) Types
Line-to-Neutral (Vac)
Line-to-Line(Vac)
WattNode Service
Type
MeterPowered
by1 Phase 2 Wire 120V with neutral 96 ndash 138 na 3Y-208 N and OslashA1 Phase 2 Wire 230V with neutral (non-US) 184 ndash 264 na 3Y-400 N and OslashA1 Phase 2 Wire 277V with neutral 222 ndash 318 na 3Y-480 N and OslashA1 Phase 2 Wire 208V no neutral na 166 ndash 276 3D-240 OslashA and OslashB1 Phase 2 Wire 240V no neutral na 166 ndash 276 3D-240 OslashA and OslashB
1 Phase 3 Wire 120V240V with neutral 96 ndash 138 166 ndash 2763Y-208 N and OslashA3D-240 OslashA and OslashB
3 Phase 3 Wire Delta 208V no neutral na 166 ndash 276 3D-240 OslashA and OslashB3 Phase 3 Wire Delta 400V no neutral (non-US) na 320 ndash 460 3D-400 OslashA and OslashB3 Phase 3 Wire Delta 480V no neutral na 384 ndash 552 3D-480 OslashA and OslashB
3 Phase 4 Wire Wye 120V208V with neutral 96 ndash 138 166 ndash 2763Y-208 N and OslashA3D-240 OslashA and OslashB
3 Phase 4 Wire Delta 120208240V with neutral 96 ndash 138 166 ndash 276 3D-240 OslashA and OslashB3 Phase 4 Wire Wye 230V400V with neutral (non-US) 184 ndash 264 320 ndash 460
3Y-400 N and OslashA3D-400 OslashA and OslashB
3 Phase 4 Wire Wye 277V480V with neutral 222 ndash 318 384 ndash 5523Y-480 N and OslashA3D-480 OslashA and OslashB
3 Phase 4 Wire Delta 240415480V with neutral 222 ndash 318 384 ndash 552 3D-480 OslashA and OslashB3 Phase 4 Wire Wye 347V600V with neutral 278 ndash 399 480 ndash 690 3Y-600 N and OslashA
Table 1 WattNode Models
WATTNODE reg PULSEand
WATTNODEreg REVENUEElectric Power MeterInstallation Manual
Series - Service - Interface Options______ - _______ - ________
3Y-2083Y-4003Y-4803Y-6003D-2403D-4003D-480
P = Pulse
See website for options
WNB = Second generationRWNB = Revenue second generation
1 Precautions11 Only qualified personnel or licensed electri-
cians should install the WattNode meter The mains voltages of 120 to 600 Vac can be lethal
12 Follow all applicable local and national electri-cal and safety codes
13 The terminal block screws are not insulated Do not contact metal tools to the screw termi-nals if the circuit is live
14 Verify that circuit voltages and currents are within the proper range for the meter model
15 Use only UL listed or UL recognized current transformers (CTs) with built-in burden resis-tors that generate 0333 Vac (333 millivolts AC) at rated current Do not use current output (ratio) CTs such as 1 amp or 5 amp output CTs they will destroy the meter and may create a shock hazard
16 Protect the line voltage inputs to the meter with fuses or circuit breakers (not needed for the neutral or ground wires) See 331 below
17 Equipment must be disconnected from the HAZARDOUS LIVE voltages before access
18 If the meter is not installed correctly the safety protections may be impaired
2
221 Single-Phase Two-Wire with NeutralThis is a common residential and branch circuit connection Up to three such circuits may be monitored with one meter by also using the OslashB and OslashC inputs
Ground
OslashB
OslashC
N
OslashA
WATTN
OD
Ereg
NeutralLine
222 Single-Phase Two-Wire No NeutralThis circuit occurs in residential (commonly 120240 Vac) and some commercial applications The meter is powered from the OslashA and OslashB terminals We recom-mend connecting the N terminal to ground to provide a clean voltage reference for the measurement circuitry (no current will flow through this terminal)
Ground
OslashB
OslashC
N
OslashA
WATTN
OD
Ereg
L1L2
223 Single-Phase Three-Wire with NeutralThis is a common residential service at 120240 Vac
Ground
OslashB
OslashC
N
OslashA
WATTN
OD
Ereg
NeutralL1L2
224 Three-Phase Three-Wire Delta No NeutralThis is common in commercial and industrial settings In some cases the service may be four-wire wye but the load may only be three wire (no neutral)
Occasionally a load will only be connected to two of the three lines (say L1 and L2) For this case connect the two active lines to the OslashA and OslashB terminals and connect two CTs for the two lines
Ground
OslashB
OslashC
N
OslashA
WATTN
OD
Ereg
L1L2L3
225 Three-Phase Four-Wire Wye with NeutralThis is a common commercial and industrial service
Ground
OslashB
OslashC
N
OslashA
WATTN
OD
Ereg
NeutralL1L2L3
226 Three-Phase Four-Wire Delta with Neutral (Wild Leg)The uncommon four-wire delta electrical service is a three-phase delta service with a center-tap on one of the transformer windings to create a neutral for single-phase loads
The high-leg or phase with the higher voltage as measured to neutral has tra-ditionally been designated ldquoPhase Brdquo A change to the 2008 NEC now allows the high leg of a four-wire three-phase delta service to be labeled as the ldquoCrdquo phase instead of the ldquoBrdquo phase The WattNode meter will work correctly with the high-leg connected to OslashA OslashB or OslashC
See the web article Four Wire Delta Circuits for more information
Ground
OslashB
OslashC
N
OslashA
WATTN
OD
Ereg
NeutralL1L2L3
227 Grounded Leg ServiceIn rare cases with delta services or single-phase two-wire services without neutral one of the phases may be grounded
The WattNode meter will correctly measure services with a grounded leg but the measured voltage and power for the grounded phase will be zero and the status LEDs (if present) will not light for the grounded phase because the volt-age is near zero Also this type of service may result in unusual power factors
See the web article Grounded Leg Services for more information
3 Installation31 Installation ChecklistSee the sections referenced below for installation details
Mount the WattNode meter (see 32)Turn off power before making line voltage connectionsConnect circuit breakers or fuses and disconnects (see 331)Connect the line voltage wires to the meterrsquos green terminal block (see 332)Mount the CTs around the line conductors Make sure the CTs face the source (see 34)Connect the twisted white and black wires from the CTs to the black terminal block on the meter matching the wire colors to the white and black dots on the meter label (see 341)Check that the CT phases match the line voltage phases (see 34)Record the CT rated current for each meter because it will be required during commissioningConnect the output terminals of the WattNode meter to the monitoring equipment (see 35)Check that all the wires are securely installed in the terminal blocks by tugging on each wireApply power to the meterVerify that the LEDs indicate correct operation (see 42)
32 MountingProtect the meter from temperatures below ndash30degC (-22degF) or above 55degC (131degF) excessive moisture dust salt spray or other contamination using a NEMA rated enclosure if necessary The meter requires an environment no worse than pollution degree 2 (normally only non-conductive pollution occasionally a temporary conductivity caused by condensation)The meter must be installed in an electrical service panel an enclosure or a limited access electrical roomDo not use the meter as a drilling guide the drill chuck can damage the screw terminals and metal shavings may fall into the connectors
The meter has two mounting holes spaced 1366 mm (5375 in) apart (center-to-center) These mounting holes are normally obscured by the detachable screw terminals Remove the screw terminals to mark the hole positions and mount the meter
Self-tapping 8 sheet metal screws are included Donrsquot over-tighten the screws as long-term stress on the case can cause cracking
33 Connect Voltage Terminals331 Circuit ProtectionThe WattNode meter is considered ldquopermanently connected equipmentrdquo and requires a disconnect means (circuit breaker switch or disconnect) and over-current protection (fuse or circuit breaker)
The meter only draws 10-30 milliamps so the rating of any switches discon-nects fuses andor circuit breakers is determined by the wire gauge the mains voltage and the current interrupting rating required
3
The switch disconnect or circuit breaker must be as close as practicable to the meter and must be easy to operateUse circuit breakers or fuses rated for 20 amps or lessUse ganged circuit breakers when monitoring more than one line voltageThe circuit breakers or fuses must protect the mains terminals labeled OslashA OslashB and OslashC If neutral is also protected then the overcurrent protec-tion device must interrupt both neutral and the ungrounded conductors simultaneouslyThe circuit protection disconnect system must meet IEC 60947-1 and IEC 60947-3 as well as all national and local electrical codes
332 Line WiringAlways disconnect power before connecting the line voltage inputs to the meterFor the line voltage wires CCS recommends 16 to 12 AWG stranded wire type THHN MTW or THWN 600 VDo not place more than one voltage wire in a screw terminal use separate wire nuts or terminal blocks if neededVerify that the line voltages match the line-to-line Oslash-Oslash and line-to-neutral Oslash-N values printed in the white box on the front label
Connect each line voltage to the appropriate phase also connect ground and neutral (if applicable) The neutral connection ldquoNldquo is not required on delta mod-els (3D-240 3D-400 and 3D-480) but we recommend connecting it to ground if neutral is not present
The screw terminals handle wire up to 12 AWG Connect each voltage line to the green terminal block as shown in Figure 1 above After the voltage lines have been connected make sure both terminal blocks are fully seated in the meter
When power is first applied check that the LEDs behave normally on models with status LEDs if you see them flashing red-green-red-green (see Figure 7) the line voltage is too high for this model so disconnect the power immediately
333 GroundingThe WattNode uses a plastic enclosure insulation and internal isolation bar-riers instead of protective earthing The ground terminal on the green screw terminal block is a functional ground designed to improve the measurement accuracy and noise immunity If necessary this terminal may be left discon-nected on wye models (-3Y)
34 Connect Current TransformersTo meet the UL listing requirements the WattNode meter may only be used with the following UL listed or UL recognized voltage output current transformer models These all generate 33333 millivolts AC at rated current See the cur-rent transformer datasheets for CT ratings
ACT-0750-xxx CTL-1250-xxx CTM-0360-xxxCTS-0750-xxx CTS-1250-xxx CTS-2000-xxxxCTB-wwwXhhh-xxxx CTBL-wwwXhhh-xxxx CTT-0300-xxxCTT-0500-xxx CTT-0750-xxx CTT-1000-xxxCTT-1250-xxx
ldquoxxxrdquo indicates the full scale current ratingldquowwwrdquo and ldquohhhrdquo indicate the width and height in inchesldquoddddrdquo indicates the opening diameter of the loop for flexible Rogowski CTs
See the web article Selecting Current Transformers for information on se-lecting appropriate current transformers (CTs)
Do not use ratio or current output CTs such as 1 amp or 5 amp output modelsSee the CT datasheets for the maximum input current ratingsBe careful to match the CTs with the voltage phases Make sure the OslashA CTis measuring the current on the same phase being monitored by OslashA and the same for phases B and C Use the supplied colored labels or colored tape to identify the CT leadsTo minimize current measurement noise avoid extending the CT wires especially in noisy environments If it is necessary to extend the wires use twisted pair wire 22 to 14 AWG rated for 300 V or 600 V (not less than the service voltage) and shielded if possibleFind the source arrow or label ldquoTHIS SIDE TOWARD SOURCErdquo on the CT and facepoint toward the source of currentOPTIONAL if you see spurious readings on unused phases jumper the unused CT inputs for each unused CT connect a short wire from the terminal marked with a white dot to the terminal marked with a black dot
To install the CTs pass the conductor to be measured through the CT and con-nect the CT leads to the meter Always remove power before disconnecting any live conductors Put the line conductors through the CTs as shown in Figure 1 above
CTs are directional If they are mounted backwards or with their white and black wires swapped the measured power will be negative The status LEDs indicate negative measured power by flashing red
Split-core CTs can be opened for installation around a conductor A nylon cable tie may be secured around the CT to prevent inadvertent opening
341 CT WiringConnect the white and black CT wires to the meter terminals marked OslashA CTOslashB CT and OslashC CT (see Figure 1 above) Excess length may be trimmed from the wires if desired The current transformers connect to the six position black screw terminal block Connect each CT with the white wire aligned with the white dot on the label and the black wire aligned with the black dot Note the order in which the phases are connected as the line voltage phases mustmatch the current phases for accurate power measurement
35 Connect the Output SignalsThe meter outputs are isolated from dangerous voltages so you can con-nect them at any timeIf the output wiring is near line voltage wiring use wires or cables with a 300 V or 600 V rating (not less than the service voltage)If the output wiring is near bare conductors it should be double insulated or jacketedYou may install two wires into each screw terminal by twisting the wires to-gether inserting them into terminal and securely tightening Note a loose wire can disable an entire network section Use twisted-pair cable (unshielded or shielded) to prevent interference
351 WattNode Pulse OutputsUse the following directions when connecting the pulse outputs of a WattNode Pulse meter
The outputs P1 P2 and P3 should not be connected to negative voltages or to voltages greater than +60 VdcFor long distances use shielded twisted-pair cable to prevent interference With shielded cable connect the shield to earth ground at one endIf you need to add pull-up resistors see the Operating and Reference Guide
The WattNode pulse outputs may be connected to most devices that expect a contact closure or relay input See the Operating and Reference Guide for more complex connection information
Common (or GND)Input (Positive)
Monitoring Equipment or Display
Input (Positive)Input (Positive)
P1P2P3
COM
Out
put
WATTNODE
The following table shows the pulse output channel assignments for the stan-dard bidirectional outputs and for the optional per-phase outputs (Option P3)
PulseOutputs
P1Output
P2Output
P3Output
Standard Outputs - Bidirectional
Positive energy - all phases
Negative energy - all phases Not used
Option P3Per-Phase Outputs
Phase A positive energy
Phase B positive energy
Phase C positive energy
Option PVPhotovoltaic
Phase A+B pos energy
Phase A+B neg energy
Phase C positive energy
Option DPO Dual Positive Outputs
Positive energy - all phases
Negative energy - all phases
Positive energy - all phases
Table 2 Pulse Output Assignments
4
4 Operation41 Initial ConfigurationFor WattNode Pulse meters the only required configuration will be in the data logger or pulse counting device which must be configured with the correct scale factors to convert from pulses to energy (kWh)
For details on configuring the WattNode meter see the appropriate Operating and Reference Guide for your model
The meter does not include a display or buttons so it is not possible to configure or monitor the meter directly other than the basic LED diagnostics described below
42 Power Status LEDsThe three status LEDs on the front of the meter can help indicate correct opera-tion The ldquoArdquo ldquoBrdquo and ldquoCrdquo on the diagrams indicate the three phases
421 Normal StartupThe meter displays the following startup sequence whenever power is first applied
10sec10sec10sec
GreenYellowRed
GreenYellowRed
GreenYellowRed
CBA
422 Positive PowerAny phase with the LEDs flashing green is indicating normal positive power
Green Off Green Off Green Off
423 No PowerAny phase with a solid green LED indicates no power but line voltage is pres-ent
Green
424 No VoltageAny phase LED that is off indicates no voltage on that phase
Off
425 Negative PowerRed flashing indicates negative power for that phase Reversed CTs swapped CT wires or CTs not matched with line voltage phases can cause this
Red Off Red Off Red OffC
426 Overvoltage WarningThe following indicates that the line voltage is too high for this model Discon-nect power immediately Check the line voltages and the meter ratings (in the white box on the label)
10sec
GR GR GR GR GR GR
GR GR GR GR GR GR
GR GR GR GR GR GRCBA
427 Meter Not OperatingIf none of the LEDs light then check that the correct line voltages are applied to the meter If the voltages are correct call customer service for assistance
Off
Off
Off
CBA
428 WattNode ErrorIf the meter experiences an internal error it will light all LEDs red for three or more seconds If you see this happen repeatedly return the meter for service
30sec
Red
Red
Red
CBA
For other LED patterns see the Operating and Reference Guide or contact support for assistance
43 MonitoringThe meter does not include a display or buttons so it is not possible to oper-ate the meter directly The following is a brief overview of the possible remote monitoring
The WattNode Pulse models uses optoisolator outputs that simulate contact closures These are generally connected to a datalogger or similar monitor-ing device which can count pulses to measure energy See the Operating and Reference Guide for equations to scale pulse counts and frequencies to energy and power
44 Maintenance and RepairThe WattNode meter requires no maintenance It is not user serviceable and there are no replaceable parts except the pluggable screw terminals There are no diagnostic tests that can be performed by the user other than checking for errors via the status LEDs
In the event of any failure the meter must be returned for service (contact CCS for an RMA) For a new installation follow the diagnostic and troubleshooting instructions in the Operating and Reference Guide before returning the meter for service to ensure that the problem is not connection related
The WattNode meter should not normally need to be cleaned but if cleaning is desired power must be disconnected first and a dry or damp cloth or brush should be used
5 SpecificationsThe following is a list of basic specifications For extended specifications see the Operating and Reference Guide
51 AccuracyThe following accuracy specifications do not include errors caused by the cur-rent transformer accuracy or phase angle errors ldquoRated currentrdquo is the current that generates a CT output voltage of 033333 Vac
511 Normal OperationLine voltage -20 to +15 of nominalPower factor 10Frequency 48 - 62 HzAmbient Temperature 23degC plusmn 5degCCT Current 5 - 100 of rated current
Accuracy plusmn05 of reading
For accuracy at other conditions see the reference guide
52 MeasurementUpdate Rate Internally all measurements are performed at this rate
~200 millisecondsStart-Up Time the meter starts measuring powerenergy and reporting mea-surements or generating pulses this long after AC voltage is applied
~500 millisecondsDefault CT Phase Angle Correction 00 degrees
5
53 Models and Electrical SpecificationsThe service ldquo3Y-208rdquo applies to the model WNB-3Y-208-P RWNB-3Y-208-Pand so on for the other service types
Service Nominal Vac Line-to-Neutral
Nominal Vac Line-to-Line Phases Wires
3Y-208 120 208ndash240 1 - 3 2 - 43Y-400 230 400 1 - 3 2 - 43Y-480 277 480 1 - 3 2 - 43Y-600 347 600 1 - 3 2 - 43D-240 120 208ndash240 1 - 3 2 - 43D-400 230 400 3 2 - 43D-480 277 480 3 2 - 4
Table 3 WattNode Model Service Types
for measuring wye circuits In the absence of neutral voltages are measured with respect to ground Delta WattNode models use the phase A and phase B connections for power
Over-Voltage Limit 125 of nominal Vac Extended over-voltage operation can damage the WattNode and void the warranty
Over-Current Limit 120 of rated current Exceeding 120 of rated cur-rent will not harm the WattNode meter but the current and power will not be measured accurately
Maximum Surge 4kV according to EN 61000-4-5Power Consumption The following tables shows maximum volt-amperes the power supply ranges typical power consumption and typical power fac-tor values with all three phases powered at nominal line voltages The power supply draws most of the total power consumed while the measurement circuitry draws 1-10 of the total (6-96 milliwatts per phase depending on the model) Due to the design of the power supply WattNode meters draw slightly more power at 50 Hz
Service Rated VA (1)
Power Supply Range (Vac)
Power Supply Terminals
3Y-208 4 VA 96 ndash 138 N and OslashA3Y-400 4 VA 184 ndash 264 N and OslashA3Y-480 4 VA 222 ndash 318 N and OslashA3Y-600 4 VA 278 ndash 399 N and OslashA3D-240 4 VA 166 ndash 276 OslashA and OslashB3D-400 3 VA 320 ndash 460 OslashA and OslashB3D-480 3 VA 384 ndash 552 OslashA and OslashB
Table 4 Service Volt-Amperes and Power Supply Range(1) Rated VA is the maximum at 115 of nominal Vac at 50 Hz This
is the same as the value that appears on the front label of the meter
Service Real Power (60 Hz)
Real Power (50 Hz)
Power Factor
3Y-208 16 W 18 W 0753Y-400 16 W 18 W 0643Y-480 21 W 24 W 0633Y-600 12 W 12 W 0473D-240 17 W 19 W 0633D-400 14 W 15 W 0473D-480 18 W 22 W 053
Table 5 Power Consumption
Maximum Power Supply Voltage Range -20 to +15 of nominal (see table above) For the 3D-240 service this is -20 of 208 Vac (166 Vac) to +15 of 240 Vac (276 Vac)
Operating Frequencies 5060 HzMeasurement Category CAT IIIMeasurement category III is for measurements performed in the building installation Examples are measurements on distribution boards circuit-breakers wiring including cables bus-bars junction boxes switches sock-et-outlets in the fixed installation and equipment for industrial use and some
other equipment for example stationary motors with permanent connection to the fixed installation
The line voltage measurement terminals on the meter are rated for the fol-lowing CAT III voltages (these ratings appear on the front label)
Service CAT III Voltage Rating3Y-2083D-240 240 Vac
3Y-4003D-400 400 Vac
3Y-4803D-480 480 Vac
3Y-600 600 VacTable 6 WattNode CAT III Ratings
Current Transformer InputsNominal Input Voltage (At CT Rated Current) 033333 Vac RMSAbsolute Maximum Input Voltage 50 Vac RMSInput Impedance at 5060 Hz
54 Pulse OutputsFull-Scale Pulse FrequenciesStandard (All Models) 400 HzCustom (Bidirectional) 001 Hz to 600 HzCustom (Option P3 Option PV Option DPO) 001 Hz to 150 Hz
Absolute Maximum Pulse Output FrequenciesStandard Models (Bidirectional) 900 HzOption P3 Option PV Option DPO 200 Hz
Output Waveform square-wave ~50 duty cycleOption PW programmable pulse ON (closed or conducting period 1 to 65535 milliseconds
Optoisolator OutputsIsolation 5000 Vac RMSBreakdown Voltage (collectorndashemitter) 60 V (exceeding this may destroy the outputs)
Maximum Reverse Voltage (emitter-collector) 5 Vdc (exceeding may destroy the outputs)
Maximum Leakage (OFF) Current (collectorndashemitter) 100 nARecommended Load Current (collectorndashemitter)mA (milliamp)
Maximum Load Current ~8 mA
55 CertificationsSafety
UL 61010-1CANCSA-C222 No 61010-1-04IEC 61010-1
Immunity EN 61326 2002 (Industrial Locations)Electrostatic Discharge EN 61000-4-2Radiated RF Immunity EN 61000-4-3Electrical Fast Transient Burst EN 61000-4-4Surge Immunity EN 61000-4-5Conducted RF Immunity EN 61000-4-6Voltage Dips Interrupts EN 61000-4-11
EmissionsFCC Part 15 Class BEN 55022 1994 Class B
56 EnvironmentalOperating Temperature -30degC to +55degC (-22degF to 131degF)Altitude Up to 2000 m (6560 ft)Operating Humidity non-condensing 5 to 90 relative humidity (RH) up to 40degC decreasing linearly to 50 RH at 55degC
Pollution POLLUTION DEGREE 2 - Normally only non-conductive pollu-tion occasionally a temporary conductivity caused by condensation must be expected
Indoor Use Suitable for indoor use
6
Outdoor Use Suitable for outdoor use if mounted inside an electrical enclo-sure (Hammond Mfg Type EJ Series) rated NEMA 3R or 4 (IP 66)
57 MechanicalEnclosure High impact ABSPC plasticFlame Resistance Rating UL 94V-0 IEC FV-0Size 153 mm times 85 mm times 38 mm (602 in times 335 in times 150 in)
Connectors Euroblock pluggable terminal blocksGreen up to 12 AWG (25 mm2) 600 VBlack up to 12 AWG (25 mm2) 300 V
58 FCC InformationThis equipment has been tested and complies with the limits for a Class B digital device pursuant to part 15 of the FCC Rules Operation is subject to the following two conditions (1) This device may not cause harmful interference and (2) this device must accept any interference received including interfer-ence that may cause undesired operation
The FCC limits are designed to provide reasonable protection against harmful interference in a residential installation This equipment generates uses and can radiate radio frequency energy and if not installed and used in accordance with the instructions may cause harmful interference to radio communications However there is no guarantee that interference will not occur in a particular installation If this equipment does cause harmful interference to radio or televi-sion reception which can be determined by turning the equipment off and on the user is encouraged to try to correct the interference by one or more of the following measures
Reorient or relocate the receiving antennaIncrease the separation between the equipment and receiverConnect the equipment into an outlet on a circuit different from that to which the receiver is connectedConsult the dealer or an experienced radioTV technician for help
59 WarrantyAll products sold by Continental Control Systems LLC (CCS) are guaranteed against defects in material and workmanship for a period of five years from the original date of shipment CCSrsquos responsibility is limited to repair replace-ment or refund any of which may be selected by CCS at its sole discretion CCS reserves the right to substitute functionally equivalent new or serviceable used parts
WattNode Logger models include a lithium battery to preserve the date and time during power failures CCS will replace or provide a replacement battery at no charge if the battery fails within five years from the original date of shipment
This warranty covers only defects arising under normal use and does not in-clude malfunctions or failures resulting from misuse neglect improper appli-cation improper installation water damage acts of nature lightning product modifications alterations or repairs by anyone other than CCS
Except as set forth herein CCS makes no warranties expressed or im-plied and CCS disclaims and negates all other warranties including without limitation implied warranties of merchantability and fitness for a particular purpose
510 Limitation of LiabilityIn no event shall CCS be liable for any indirect special incidental puni-tive or consequential damages of any kind or nature arising out of the sale or use of its products whether such liability is asserted on the basis of contract tort or otherwise including without limitation lost profits even if CCS has been advised of the possibility of such damages
Customer acknowledges that CCSrsquos aggregate liability to Customer relat-ing to or arising out of the sale or use of CCSrsquos products whether such liability is asserted on the basis of contract tort or otherwise shall not exceed the purchase price paid by Customer for the products in respect of which damages are claimed Customer specifically acknowledges that CCSrsquos price for the products is based upon the limitations of CCSrsquos liability set forth herein
copy2009-2013 Continental Control Systems LLCDocument Number WN-Inst-P-101Revision Date April 18 2013Continental Control Systems LLC3131 Indian Rd Boulder CO 80301 USA(303) 444-7422 httpwwwccontrolsyscombull WattNode is a registered trademark of Continental Control Systems LLC
httpwwwccontrolsyscom Rev V17b
Continental Control Systems LLC
(M5)
WATTNODE reg PULSEInstallation and Operation Manual
WNB-3Y-208-P
WNB-3Y-400-P
WNB-3Y-480-P
WNB-3Y-600-P
WNB-3D-240-P
WNB-3D-400-P
WNB-3D-480-P
2
Information in this document is subject to change without notice
copy2007-2011 Continental Control Systems LLC All rights reserved
Printed in the United States of America
Document Number WNB-P-V17b
Revision Date November 30 2011
Continental Control Systems LLC
3131 Indian Rd Suite A
Boulder CO 80301
(303) 444-7422
FAX (303) 444-2903
E-mail techsupportccontrolsyscom
Web httpwwwccontrolsyscom
WattNode is a registered trademark of Continental Control Systems LLC
FCC InformationThis equipment has been tested and complies with the limits for a Class B digital device pursu-
ant to part 15 of the FCC Rules Operation is subject to the following two conditions (1) This
device may not cause harmful interference and (2) this device must accept any interference
received including interference that may cause undesired operation
The FCC limits are designed to provide reasonable protection against harmful interference in a
residential installation This equipment generates uses and can radiate radio frequency energy
and if not installed and used in accordance with the instructions may cause harmful interfer-
ence to radio communications However there is no guarantee that interference will not occur in
a particular installation If this equipment does cause harmful interference to radio or television
reception which can be determined by turning the equipment off and on the user is encouraged
to try to correct the interference by one or more of the following measures
Reorient or relocate the receiving antenna
Increase the separation between the equipment and receiver
Connect the equipment into an outlet on a circuit different from that to which the receiver is
connected
Consult the dealer or an experienced radioTV technician to help
Contents 3
ContentsOverview 4
Pulse Outputs 4
Diagnostic LEDs 4
Current Transformers 4
Additional Literature 4
Front Label 5
Installation 7Precautions 7
Electrical Service Types 8
Single-Phase Two-Wire with Neutral 8
Single-Phase Three-Wire (Mid-Point Neutral) 9
Single-Phase Two-Wire without Neutral 10
Three-Phase Four-Wire Wye 11
Three-Phase Three-Wire Delta Without Neutral 12
Three-Phase Four-Wire Delta (Wild Leg) 12
Grounded Leg Service 12
Mounting 13
Selecting Current Transformers 14
Connecting Current Transformers 15
Circuit Protection 16
Connecting Voltage Terminals 17
Connecting Pulse Outputs 17
Output Assignments 18
Pull-Up Resistor Selection 19
Installation Summary 19
Installation LED Diagnostics 20
Measurement Troubleshooting 22
Operating Instructions 24Pulse Outputs 24
Power and Energy Computation 25
Power and Energy Equations 27
Maintenance and Repair 29
Specifications 30Models 30
Model Options 30
Accuracy 31
Measurement 32
Pulse Outputs 32
Electrical 33
Certifications 35
Environmental 35
Mechanical 35
Current Transformers 35
Warranty 37Limitation of Liability 37
4 Overview
OverviewCongratulations on your purchase of the WattNodereg Pulse wattwatt-hour transducermeter
It accurately measures energy and power in a compact package The WattNode meter can fit
in existing electric service panels avoiding the costly installation of sub-panels and associated
wiring It is designed for use in demand side management (DSM) sub-metering and energy
monitoring applications The WattNode meter generates pulses proportional to total watt-hours
The pulse rate or frequency is proportional to the instantaneous power Models are available for
single-phase and three-phase wye and delta configurations for voltages from 120 Vac to 600 Vac
at 50 and 60 Hz
Pulse OutputsThe WattNode meter generates pulse outputs using one or more optoisolators (also called
photocouplers) These provide 5000 Vac of electrical isolation The pulse outputs can interface to
monitoring or data logging hardware without concerns about interference ground loops shock
hazard etc
The standard Pulse WattNode meter makes bidirectional power measurements (energy consump-
tion and energy production) It can be used for conventional power and energy measurement as
well as for net metering and photovoltaic (PV) applications
Option P3 - The per-phase measurement option measures one two or three separate
branch circuits with a single meter saving money and space
Option PV - The photovoltaic option measures residential PV systems One WattNode meter
measures the bidirectional total house energy and the PV (or wind) generated energy See
Manual Supplement MS-10 Option PV (Photovoltaic) for details
Options DPO - The dual positive outputs option behaves exactly like the standard bidirec-
tional model but with the addition of a second positive pulse output channel (on the P3
output terminal) This allows you to connect to two devices such as a display and a data
logger See Manual Supplement MS-11 Option DPO (Dual Positive Outputs) for details
See Model Options (p 30) in the Specifications section below for details and more options
Diagnostic LEDsThe Pulse WattNode meter includes three diagnostic LEDsmdashone per phase During normal
operation these LEDs flash on and off with the speed of flashing roughly proportional to the
power on each phase The LEDs flash green for positive power and red for negative power Other
conditions are signaled with different LED patterns See the Installation LED Diagnostics (p 20) section for full details
Current TransformersThe WattNode meter uses solid-core (toroidal) split-core (opening) and bus-bar style current
transformers (CTs) with a full-scale voltage output of 033333 Vac Split-core and bus-bar CTs
are easier to install without disconnecting the circuit being measured Solid-core CTs are more
compact generally more accurate and less expensive but installation requires that you discon-
nect the circuit to install the CTs
Additional Literature WattNode Advanced Pulse - Quick Install Guide
Manual Supplement MS-10 Option PV (Photovoltaic)
Manual Supplement MS-11 Option DPO (Dual Positive Outputs)
Manual Supplement MS-17 Option PW (Pulse Width)
Manual Supplement MS-19 Option SSR (Solid-State Relay)
Overview 5
Front LabelThis section describes all the connections information and symbols that appear on the front
label
Continental Control Systems LLC
WATTNODEreg PULSE
Watthour Meter 3KNN
Boulder CO USA
OslashB CT 0333V~
OslashC CT 0333V~
OslashA CT 0333V~ Status
Status
Status
P1
P2
P3
COMO
utpu
t
OslashB
OslashC
N
OslashAOslash-Oslash 240V~Oslash-Oslash 240V~
240V CAT III240V CAT III
Oslash-N 140V~Oslash-N 140V~
120V~ 50-60Hz 3W2010-09-26SN 59063
WNB-3Y-208-PQ
N
O
P
M
K
U W
HIJ
A
C
B
E
F
G
D
Y Z
R
VT X
S
Figure 1 Front Label Diagram
A WattNode model number The ldquoWNBrdquo indicates a second generation WattNode meter with
diagnostic LEDs and up to three pulse output channels The ldquo3rdquo indicates a three-phase model
The ldquoYrdquo or ldquoDrdquo indicates wye or delta models although delta models can measure wye circuits
(the difference is in the power supply) The ldquo208rdquo (or other value) indicates the nominal line-to-
line voltage Finally the ldquoPrdquo indicates pulse output
B Functional ground This terminal should be connected to earth ground if possible It is not
required for safety grounding but ensures maximum meter accuracy
C Neutral This terminal ldquoNrdquo should be connected to neutral when available
D E F Line voltage inputs These terminals connect to the OslashA (phase A) OslashB (phase B) and
OslashC (phase C) electric mains On wye models the meter is powered from OslashA and N terminals
On delta models the meter is powered from the OslashA and OslashB terminals
G Line voltage measurement ratings This block lists the nominal line-to-neutral ldquoOslash-N 120V~rdquo
voltage line-to-line ldquoOslash-Oslash 240V~rdquo voltage and the rated measurement voltage and category
ldquo240V CAT IIIrdquo for this WattNode model See the Specifications (p 30) for more informa-
tion about the measurement voltage and category
H UL Listing mark This shows the UL and cUL (Canadian) listing mark and number ldquo3KNNrdquo
I FCC Mark This logo indicates that the meter complied with part 15 of the FCC rules
J Status LEDs These are status LEDs used to verify and diagnose meter operation See
Installation LED Diagnostics (p 20) for details
K Current transformer (CT) voltage rating These markings ldquo0333V~rdquo indicate that the meter
must be used with CTs that generate a full-scale output of 0333 Vac (333 millivolts)
6 Overview
M N O Current transformer (CT) inputs These indicate CT screw terminals Note the white
and black circles at the left edge of the label these indicate the color of the CT wire that should
be inserted into the corresponding screw terminal The terminals marked with black circles are
connected together internally
P Pulse output common (COM) This is the common terminal for all three pulse output chan-
nels This terminal should be more negative than the P1 P2 and P3 terminals (unless the
meter was ordered with Option SSR)
Q R S Pulse outputs (P1 P2 P3) These are the pulse output channels Different models use
one two or three channels They should always be positive relative to the common terminal
T Serial number This shows the meter serial number and options if any are selected The
barcode contains the serial number in Code 128C format
U Mains supply rated voltage This is the rated supply voltage for this model The V~ indicates
AC voltage For wye models this voltage should appear between the N and OslashA terminals For
delta models this voltage should appear between the OslashA and OslashB terminals
V Mains frequencies This indicates the rated mains frequencies for the meter
W Maximum rated power This is the maximum power consumption (watts) for this model
X Manufacture date This is the date of manufacture for the WattNode meter
Y Caution risk of electrical shock This symbol indicates that there is a risk of electric shock
when installing and operating the meter if the installation instructions are not followed correctly
Z Attention - consult Manual This symbol indicates that there can be danger when installing
and operating the meter if the installation instructions are not followed correctly
Symbols
Attention -
Consult Installation
and Operation Manual
Read understand and follow all instructions in this Installa-
tion and Operation Manual including all warnings cautions
and precautions before installing and using the product
Caution ndash
Risk of Electrical
Shock
Potential Shock Hazard from Dangerous High Voltage
CE Marking
Complies with the regulations of the European Union for
Product Safety and Electro-Magnetic Compatibility
Low Voltage Directive ndash EN 61010-1 2001
EMC Directive ndash EN 61327 1997 + A11998 + A22001
Installation 7
InstallationPrecautions
DANGER mdash HAZARDOUS VOLTAGESWARNING - These installationservicing instructions are for use by qualified personnel
only To avoid electrical shock do not perform any servicing other than that contained in
the operating instructions unless you are qualified to do so
Always adhere to the following checklist
1) Only qualified personnel or licensed electricians should install the WattNode meter The
mains voltages of 120 Vac to 600 Vac can be lethal
2) Follow all applicable local and national electrical and safety codes
3) Install the meter in an electrical enclosure (panel or junction box) or in a limited access
electrical room
4) Verify that circuit voltages and currents are within the proper range for the meter model
5) Use only UL recognized current transformers (CTs) with built-in burden resistors that gener-
ate 0333 Vac (333 millivolts AC) at rated current Do not use current output (ratio) CTs such as 1 amp or 5 amp output CTs they will destroy the meter and may create a shock hazard See Current Transformers (p 35) for CT maximum input current ratings
6) Ensure that the line voltage inputs to the meter are protected by fuses or circuit breakers (not
needed for the neutral wire) See Circuit Protection (p 16) for details
7) Equipment must be disconnected from the HAZARDOUS LIVE voltages before access
8) The terminal block screws are not insulated Do not contact metal tools to the screw termi-
nals if the circuit is live
9) Do not place more than one line voltage wire in a screw terminal use wire nuts instead You
may use more than one CT wire per screw terminal
10) Before applying power check that all the wires are securely installed by tugging on each wire
11) Do not install the meter where it may be exposed to temperatures below ndash30degC or above
55degC excessive moisture dust salt spray or other contamination The meter requires an
environment no worse than pollution degree 2 (normally only non-conductive pollution
occasionally a temporary conductivity caused by condensation must be expected)
12) Do not drill mounting holes using the meter as a guide the drill chuck can damage the screw
terminals and metal shavings can fall into the connectors causing an arc risk
13) If the meter is installed incorrectly the safety protections may be impaired
8 Installation
Electrical Service TypesBelow is a list of service types with connections and recommended models Note the ground
connection improves measurement accuracy but is not required for safety
Model TypeLine-to- Neutral
Line-to- Line
Electrical Service Types
WNB-3Y-208-P Wye 120 Vac208ndash240
Vac
1 Phase 2 Wire 120V with neutral
1 Phase 3 Wire 120V240V with neutral
3 Phase 4 Wire Wye 120V208V with neutral
WNB-3Y-400-P Wye 230 Vac 400 Vac1 Phase 2 Wire 230V with neutral
3 Phase 4 Wire Wye 230V400V with neutral
WNB-3Y-480-P Wye 277 Vac 480 Vac3 Phase 4 Wire Wye 277V480V with neutral
1 Phase 2 Wire 277V with neutral
WNB-3Y-600-P Wye 347 Vac 600 Vac 3 Phase 4 Wire Wye 347V600V with neutral
WNB-3D-240-PDelta
or Wye
120ndash140
Vac
208ndash240
Vac
1 Phase 2 Wire 208V (no neutral)
1 Phase 2 Wire 240V (no neutral)
1 Phase 3 Wire 120V240V with neutral
3 Phase 3 Wire Delta 208V (no neutral)
3 Phase 4 Wire Wye 120V208V with neutral
3 Phase 4 Wire Delta 120208240V with neutral
WNB-3D-400-PDelta
or Wye230 Vac 400 Vac
3 Phase 3 Wire Delta 400V (no neutral)
3 Phase 4 Wire Wye 230V400V with neutral
WNB-3D-480-PDelta
or Wye277 Vac 480 Vac
3 Phase 3 Wire Delta 480V (no neutral)
3 Phase 4 Wire Wye 277V480V with neutral
3 Phase 4 Wire Delta 240415480V with neutral
The wire count does NOT include ground It only includes neutral (if present) and phase wires
Table 1 WattNode Models
Single-Phase Two-Wire with NeutralThis configuration is most often seen in homes and offices The two conductors are neutral and
line For these models the meter is powered from the N and OslashA terminals
Figure 2 Single-Phase Two-Wire Connection
Ground
WH
ITE
BLA
CK
OslashB CT
OslashC CT
OslashA CT
OslashB
OslashC
N
OslashA
GND or CommonInput or Positive
Monitoring Equip-ment or Display
P1P2P3
COM
Out
put
Status
Status
Status
WATTNODEreg PULSE
WNB-WNB- -P
-P
Line
Neutral
LINE
LOA
D
ShortingJumpers
SourceFace
CurrentTransformer
3Y-xxx
Installation 9
Recommended WattNode ModelsThe following table shows the WattNode models that should be used depending on the line to
neutral voltage
Line to Neutral Voltage WattNode Model120 Vac WNB-3Y-208-P
230 Vac WNB-3Y-400-P
277 Vac WNB-3Y-480-P
Single-Phase Three-Wire (Mid-Point Neutral)This configuration is seen in North American residential and commercial service with 240 Vac for
large appliances The three conductors are a mid-point neutral and two line voltage wires with AC
waveforms 180deg out of phase this results in 120 Vac between either line conductors (phase) and
neutral and 240 Vac (or sometimes 208 Vac) between the two line conductors (phases)
Figure 3 Single-Phase Three-Wire Connection
Recommended WattNode ModelsThe following table shows the WattNode models that can be used If neutral may or may not be
present you should use the WNB-3D-240-P (see Single-Phase Two-Wire without Neutral below) If neutral is present it must be connected for accurate measurements If phase B may
not be present you should use the WNB-3Y-208-P (see Single-Phase Two-Wire with Neutral above)
Meter Power Source WattNode ModelN and OslashA (Neutral and Phase A) WNB-3Y-208-P
OslashA and OslashB (Phase A and Phase B) WNB-3D-240-P
Ground
WH
ITE
BLA
CK
OslashB CT
OslashC CT
OslashA CT
OslashB
OslashC
N
OslashA
GND or CommonInput or Positive
Monitoring Equip-ment or Display
P1P2P3
COM
Out
put
Status
Status
Status
WATTNODEreg PULSE
WNB-WNB- -P
-P
Phase A
Neutral
Phase B
WHITEBLACK
120 Vac240 Vac
120 Vac
LINE
LOA
D
ShortingJumper Source
Faces
CurrentTransformers
3Y-2083D-240
10 Installation
Single-Phase Two-Wire without NeutralThis is seen in residential and commercial service with 208 to 240 Vac for large appliances The
two conductors have AC waveforms 120deg or 180deg out of phase Neutral is not used For this
configuration the meter is powered from the OslashA and OslashB (phase A and phase B) terminals
For best accuracy we recommend connecting the N (neutral) terminal to the ground terminal
This will not cause ground current to flow because the neutral terminal does not power the meter
Figure 4 Single-Phase Two-Wire without Neutral Connection
Recommended WattNode ModelThis configuration is normally measured with the following WattNode model
Line-to-Line Voltage WattNode Model208 - 240 Vac WNB-3D-240-P
If neutral is available you may also use the WNB-3Y-208-P model If you use the WNB-3Y-208-P
you will need to hook up the meter as shown in section Single-Phase Three-Wire (Mid-Point Neutral) and connect neutral You will need two CTs
If one of the conductors (phase A or phase B) is grounded see Grounded Leg Service below for
recommendations
Ground
WH
ITE
BLA
CK
OslashB CT
OslashC CT
OslashA CT
OslashB
OslashC
N
OslashA
GND or CommonInput or Positive
Monitoring Equip-ment or Display
P1P2P3
COM
Out
put
Status
Status
Status
WATTNODEreg PULSE
WNB-WNB- -P
-P
Phase A
Phase B
WHITEBLACK
208-240 Vac
LINE
LOA
D
ShortingJumper Source
Faces
CurrentTransformers
3D-240
Installation 11
Three-Phase Four-Wire WyeThis is typically seen in commercial and industrial environments The conductors are neutral and
three power lines with AC waveforms shifted 120deg between phases The line voltage conductors
may be connected to the OslashA OslashB and OslashC terminals in any order so long as the CTs are con-nected to matching phases It is important that you connect N (neutral) for accurate measure-
ments For wye ldquo-3Yrdquo models the meter is powered from the N and OslashA terminals
Figure 5 Three-Phase Four-Wire Wye Connection
Recommended WattNode ModelsThe following table shows the WattNode models that should be used depending on the line-to-
neutral voltage and line-to-line voltage (also called phase-to-phase voltage)
Line-to-Neutral Voltage Line-to-Line Voltage WattNode Model120 Vac 208 Vac WNB-3Y-208-P
230 Vac 400 Vac WNB-3Y-400-P
277 Vac 480 Vac WNB-3Y-480-P
347 Vac 600 Vac WNB-3Y-600-P
Note you may also use the following delta WattNode models to measure three-phase four-wire
wye circuits The only difference is that delta WattNode models are powered from OslashA and OslashB
rather than N and OslashA If neutral is present it must be connected for accurate measurements
Line-to-Neutral Voltage Line-to-Line Voltage WattNode Model120 - 140 Vac 208 - 240 Vac WNB-3D-240-P
230 Vac 400 Vac WNB-3D-400-P
277 Vac 480 Vac WNB-3D-480-P
Ground
WH
ITE
BLA
CK
OslashB CT
OslashC CT
OslashA CT
OslashB
OslashC
N
OslashA
GND or CommonInput or Positive
Monitoring Equip-ment or Display
P1P2P3
COM
Out
put
Status
Status
Status
WATTNODEreg PULSE
WNB-WNB- -P
-P
Neutral
Phase A
Phase B
Phase C
LOA
D
WHITEBLACK
WH
ITE
BLA
CK
LINE
SourceFaces
CurrentTransformers
3Y-xxx3D-xxx
12 Installation
Three-Phase Three-Wire Delta Without NeutralThis is typically seen in manufacturing and industrial environments There is no neutral wire just
three power lines with AC waveforms shifted 120deg between the successive phases With this
configuration the line voltage wires may be connected to the OslashA OslashB and OslashC terminals in any
order so long as the CTs are connected to matching phases For these models the meter is
powered from the OslashA and OslashB (phase A and phase B) terminals Note all delta WattNode models
provide a neutral connection N which allows delta WattNode models to measure both wye and
delta configurations
For best accuracy we recommend connecting the N (neutral) terminal to earth ground This will
not cause ground current to flow because the neutral terminal is not used to power the meter
Figure 6 Three-Phase Three-Wire Delta Connection
Recommended WattNode ModelsThe following table shows the WattNode models that should be used depending on the line-to-
line voltage (also called phase-to-phase voltage)
Line-to-Line Voltage WattNode Model208 - 240 Vac WNB-3D-240-P
400 Vac WNB-3D-400-P
480 Vac WNB-3D-480-P
Three-Phase Four-Wire Delta (Wild Leg)The uncommon four-wire delta electrical service is a three-phase delta service with a center-tap
on one of the transformer windings to create a neutral for single-phase loads
See httpwwwccontrolsyscomwFour_Wire_Delta_Circuits for details
Grounded Leg ServiceIn rare cases with delta services or single-phase two-wire services without neutral one of the
phases may be grounded You can check for this by using a multimeter (DMM) to measure the
voltage between each phase and ground If you see a reading between 0 and 5 Vac that leg is
probably grounded (sometimes called a ldquogrounded deltardquo)
Ground
WH
ITE
BLA
CK
OslashB CT
OslashC CT
OslashA CT
OslashB
OslashC
N
OslashA
GND or CommonInput or Positive
Monitoring Equip-ment or Display
P1P2P3
COMO
utpu
t
Status
Status
Status
WATTNODEreg PULSE
WNB-WNB- -P
-P
Phase A
Phase B
Phase C
WHITEBLACK
WH
ITE
BLA
CK
LINE
LOA
D
SourceFaces
CurrentTransformers
3D-xxx
Installation 13
The WattNode meter will correctly measure services with a grounded leg but the measured
power for the grounded phase will be zero and the status LED will not light for whichever phase is
grounded because the voltage is near zero
For optimum accuracy with a grounded leg you should also connect the N (neutral) terminal
on the meter to the ground terminal this will not cause any ground current to flow because the
neutral terminal is not used to power the meter If you have a grounded leg configuration you can
save money by removing the CT for the grounded phase since all the power will be measured on
the non-grounded phases We recommend putting the grounded leg on the OslashB or OslashC inputs and
attaching a note to the meter indicating this configuration for future reference
MountingProtect the WattNode meter from moisture direct sunlight high temperatures and conductive
pollution (salt spray metal dust etc) If moisture or conductive pollution may be present use an
IP 66 or NEMA 4 rated enclosure to protect the meter Due to its exposed screw terminals the
meter must be installed in an electrical service panel an enclosure or an electrical room The
meter may be installed in any orientation directly to a wall of an electrical panel or junction box
Drawn to Scale
153 mm (602)
38 mm (150) High
Oslash 98 mm (0386)
Oslash 51 mm (0200)
1366 mm (5375)
851 mm
(335)
Figure 7 WattNode Meter Dimensions
The WattNode meter has two mounting holes spaced 5375 inches (137 mm) apart (center to
center) These mounting holes are normally obscured by the detachable screw terminals Remove
the screw terminals by pulling outward while rocking from end to end The meter or Figure 7
may be used as a template to mark mounting hole positions but do not drill the holes with the meter in the mounting position because the drill may damage the connectors and leave drill
shavings in the connectors
You may mount the meter with the supplied 8 self-tapping sheet metal screws using 18 inch
pilot hole (32 mm) Or you may use hook-and-loop fasteners If you use screws avoid over-tight-
ening which can crack the case If you donrsquot use the supplied screws the following sizes should
work (bold are preferred) use washers if the screws could pull through the mounting holes
14 Installation
Selecting Current TransformersThe rated full-scale current of the CTs should normally be chosen somewhat above the maximum
current of the circuit being measured (see Current Crest Factor below for more details) In some
cases you might select CTs with a lower rated current to optimize accuracy at lower current
readings Take care that the maximum allowable current for the CT can not be exceeded without
tripping a circuit breaker or fuse see Current Transformers (p 35)
We only offer CTs that measure AC current not DC current Significant DC current can saturate
the CT magnetic core reducing the AC accuracy Most loads only have AC current but some rare
loads draw DC current which can cause measurement errors See our website for more informa-
tion httpwwwccontrolsyscomwDC_Current_and_Half-Wave_Rectified_Loads
CTs can measure lower currents than they were designed for by passing the wire through the
CT more than once For example to measure currents up to 1 amp with a 5 amp CT loop the
wire through the CT five times The CT is now effectively a 1 amp CT instead of a 5 amp CT The
effective current rating of the CT is the labeled rating divided by the number of times that the wire
passes through the CT
If you are using the measurement phases of the WattNode (OslashA OslashB and OslashC) to measure different
circuits (as with Option P3) you can use CTs with different rated current on the different phases
Current Crest FactorThe term ldquocurrent crest factorrdquo is used to describe the ratio of the peak current to the RMS cur-
rent (the RMS current is the value reported by multimeters and the WattNode meter) Resistive
loads like heaters and incandescent lights have nearly sinusoidal current waveforms with a crest
factor near 14 Power factor corrected loads such as electronic lighting ballasts and computer
power supplies typically have a crest factor of 14 to 15 Battery chargers VFD motor controls
and other nonlinear loads can have current crest factors ranging from 20 to 30 and even higher
High current crest factors are usually not an issue when metering whole building loads but can
be a concern when metering individual loads with high current crest factors If the peak current is
too high the meterrsquos CT inputs can clip causing inaccurate readings
This means that when measuring loads with high current crest factors you may want to be
conservative in selecting the CT rated current For example if your load draws 10 amps RMS but
has a crest factor of 30 then the peak current is 30 amps If you use a 15 amp CT the meter will
not be able to accurately measure the 30 amp peak current Note this is a limitation of the meter
measurement circuitry not the CT
The following graph shows the maximum RMS current for accurate measurements as a function
of the current waveform crest factor The current is shown as a percentage of CT rated current
For example if you have a 10 amp load with a crest factor of 20 the maximum CT current is
approximately 85 Eighty-five percent of 15 amps is 1275 which is higher than 10 amps so
your measurements should be accurate On the other hand if you have a 40 amp load with a
crest factor of 40 the maximum CT current is 42 Forty-two percent of a 100 amp CT is 42
amps so you would need a 100 amp CT to accurately measure this 40 amp load
Screw Style USA UTS Sizes Metric SizesPan Head or Round Head 6 8 10 M35 M4 M5
Truss Head 6 8 M35 M4
Hex Washer Head (integrated washer) 6 8 M35 M4Hex Head (add washer) 6 8 10 M35 M4 M5
Table 2 Mounting Screws
Installation 15
80
100
120
140
0
20
40
60
80
10 15 20 25 30 35 40Crest Factor
Max
imum
Acc
urat
e C
T C
urre
nt(P
erce
nt o
f Rat
ed C
urre
nt)
Figure 8 Maximum CT Current vs Crest Factor
You frequently wonrsquot know the crest factor for your load In this case itrsquos generally safe to assume
the crest factor will fall in the 14 to 25 range and select CTs with a rated current roughly 150 of
the expected RMS current So if you expect to be measuring currents up to 30 amps select a 50
amp CT
Connecting Current Transformers Use only UL recognized current transformers (CTs) with built-in burden resistors that generate
033333 Vac (33333 millivolts AC) at rated current See Current Transformers (p 35) for
the maximum input current ratings
Do not use ratio (current output) CTs such as 1 amp or 5 amp output CTs they will destroy
the meter and present a shock hazard These are commonly labelled with a ratio like 1005
Find the arrow or label ldquoTHIS SIDE TOWARD SOURCErdquo on the CT and face toward the
current source generally the utility meter or the circuit breaker for branch circuits If CTs are
mounted backwards or with their white and black wires reversed the measured power will be
negative The diagnostic LEDs indicates negative power with flashing red LEDs
Be careful to match up the current transformers to the voltage phases being measured Make
sure the OslashA CT is measuring the line voltage connected to OslashA and the same for phases B
and C Use the supplied colored labels or tape to identify the wires
To prevent magnetic interference the CTs on different phases should be separated by 1 inch
(25 mm) The line voltage conductors for each phase should be separated by at least 1 inch
(25 mm) from each other and from neutral
For best accuracy the CT opening should not be much larger than the conductor If the CT
opening is much larger position the conductor in the center of the CT opening
Because CT signals are susceptible to interference we recommend keeping the CT wires
short and cutting off any excess length It is generally better to install the meter near the line
voltage conductors instead of extending the CT wires However you may extend the CT wires
by 300 feet (100 m) or more by using shielded twisted-pair cable and by running the CT wires
away from high current and line voltage conductors
OPTIONAL if you see spurious readings on unused phases jumper the unused CT inputs
To connect CTs pass the wire to be measured through the CT and connect the CT to the meter
Always remove power before disconnecting any live wires Put the line conductors through
the CTs as shown in the section Electrical Service Types (p 8) You may measure gener-
ated power by treating the generator as the source
16 Installation
Circuit ProtectionThe WattNode meter is considered ldquopermanently connected equipmentrdquo because it does not
use a conventional power cord that can be easily unplugged Permanently connected equip-ment must have overcurrent protection and be installed with a means to disconnect the equipment
A switch disconnect or circuit breaker may be used to disconnect the meter and must be
as close as practical to the meter If a switch or disconnect is used then there must also be a
fuse or circuit breaker of appropriate rating protecting the meter
WattNode meters only draw 10-30 milliamps CCS recommends using circuit breakers or
fuses rated for between 05 amps and 20 amps and rated for the line voltages and the cur-
rent interrupting rating required
The circuit breakers or fuses must protect the ungrounded supply conductors (the terminals
labeled OslashA OslashB and OslashC) If neutral is also protected (this is rare) then the overcurrent protec-
tion device must interrupt neutral and the supply conductors simultaneously
Any switches or disconnects should have at least a 1 amp rating and must be rated for the
line voltages
The circuit protection disconnect system must meet IEC 60947-1 and IEC 60947-3 as well
as all national and local electrical codes
The line voltage connections should be made with wire rated for use in a service panel or
junction box with a voltage rating sufficient for the highest voltage present CCS recommends
14 or 12 AWG (15 mm2 or 25 mm2) stranded wire rated for 300 or 600 volts Solid wire may
be used but must be routed carefully to avoid putting excessive stress on the screw terminal
The WattNode meter has an earth connection which should be connected for maximum
accuracy However this earth connection is not used for safety (protective) earthing
For solid-core CTs disconnect the line voltage conductor to install it through the CT opening
Split-core and bus-bar CTs can be opened for installation around a wire by puling the removable
section straight away from the rest of the CT or unhooking the latch it may require a strong pull
Some CT models include thumb-screws to secure the opening The removable section may fit
only one way so match up the steel core pieces when closing the CT If the CT seems to jam and
will not close the steel core pieces are probably not aligned correctly DO NOT FORCE together
Instead reposition or rock the removable portion until the CT closes without excessive force A
nylon cable tie can be secured around the CT to prevent inadvertent opening
Some split-core CT models have flat mating surfaces When installing this type of CT make sure
that mating surfaces are clean Any debris between the mating surfaces will increase the gap
decreasing accuracy
Next connect the CT lead wires to the meter terminals labeled OslashA CT OslashB CT and OslashC CT Route
the twisted black and white wires from the CT to the meter We recommend cutting off any
excess length to reduce the risk of interference Strip 14 inch (6 mm) of insulation off the ends of
the CT leads and connect to the six position black screw terminal block Connect each CT lead
with the white wire aligned with the white dot on the label and the black wire aligned with the
black dot Note the order in which the phases are connected as the voltage phases must match
the current phases for accurate power measurement
Finally record the CT rated current as part of the installation record for each meter If the conduc-
tors being measured are passed through the CTs more than once then the recorded rated CT
current is divided by the number of times that the conductor passes through the CT
Installation 17
Connecting Voltage TerminalsAlways turn off or disconnect power before connecting the voltage inputs to the meter Con-
nect each phase voltage to the appropriate input on the green terminal block also connect
ground and neutral (if required)
The voltage inputs to the meter do not need to be powered from to the same branch circuit as
the load being monitored In other words if you have a three-phase panel with a 100 A three-pole
breaker powering a motor that you wish to monitor you can power the meter (or several meters)
from a separate 20 A three-pole breaker installed in the same or even adjacent panel so long as
the load and voltage connections are supplied from the same electric service
The green screw terminals handle wire up to 12 AWG (25 mm2) Strip the wires to expose 14rdquo (6
mm) of bare copper When wiring the meter do not put more than one wire under a screw If you
need to distribute power to other meters use wire nuts or a power distribution block The section
Electrical Service Types (p 8) shows the proper connections for the different meter models
and electrical services Verify that the voltage line phases match the CT phases
If there is any doubt that the meter voltage rating is correct for the circuit being measured unplug
the green terminal block (to protect the meter) turn on the power and use a voltmeter to compare
the voltages (probe the terminal block screws) to the values in the white box on the meter front
label After testing plug in the terminal block making sure that is pushed in all the way
The WattNode meter is powered from the voltage inputs OslashA (phase A) to N (neutral) for wye
ldquo-3Yrdquo models or OslashA to OslashB for delta ldquo-3Drdquo models If the meter is not receiving at least 80 of the
nominal line voltage it may stop operating Since the meter consumes a small amount of power
itself (typically 1-3 watts) you may wish to power the meter from a separate circuit or place the
current transformers downstream of the meter so its power consumption is not measured
For best accuracy always connect the N (neutral) terminal on the meter If you are using a delta
meter and the circuit has no neutral then jumper the earth ground to the N (neutral) terminal
When power is first applied to the meter check that the LEDs behave normally (see Installa-tion LED Diagnostics (p 20) below) if you see the LEDs flashing red-green-red-green then
disconnect the power immediately This indicates the line voltage is too high for this model
10sec
GR GR GR GR GR GR
GR GR GR GR GR GR
GR GR GR GR GR GRCBA
Figure 9 WattNode LED Overvoltage Warning
Connecting Pulse Outputs The outputs P1 P2 and P3 should not be connected to negative voltages (except with
Option SSR) or to voltages greater than +60 Vdc
The recommended maximum current through the pulse output optoisolators is 5 mA
although they will generally switch 8-10 mA If you need to switch higher currents contact us
about Option SSR (solid-state relay) see Specifications - Option SSR Outputs (p 33)
The outputs are isolated (5000 Vac RMS) from dangerous voltages so you can connect them
with the meter powered The outputs are also isolated from the meterrsquos earth ground and
neutral connections
If the output wiring is located near line voltage wiring use wires or cables rated for the high-
est voltage present generally 300V or 600V rated wire
If this cable will be in the presence of bare conductors such as bus-bars it should be double
insulated or jacketed
When wiring over long distances use shielded twisted-pair cable to prevent interference
18 Installation
The pulse output channels are the collector and emitter of an optoisolator transistor (also called
a photocoupler) controlled by the meterrsquos pulse stream (see Option SSR Outputs (p 33) for
solid-state relay outputs) These outputs may be connected to most data monitoring devices that
expect a contact closure or relay input data loggers energy management systems etc Most of
these devices provide excitation voltage with internal pull-up resistors If your device does not the
following schematic illustrates connecting pull-up resistors on all three optoisolator outputs with a
pull-up voltage of 5 Vdc
5V
Rpullup Rpullup
P1
P2
P3
COM
RpullupWATTNODE
Figure 10 Optoisolator Outputs
The meter can have from one to three pulse output channels All three output channels share the
common COM or ground connection Each output channel has its own positive output connec-
tion labeled P1 P2 and P3 (tied to the transistor collectors)
Output AssignmentsThe following table shows the pulse output channel assignments for the standard bidirectional
output model and different options See Manual Supplement MS-10 for details about Option PV
and Manual Supplement MS-11 for details about Option DPO
WattNode Outputs P1 Output P2 Output P3 OutputStandard
Bidirectional Outputs
Positive real energy
(all phases)
Negative real energy
(all phases)
Not used
Option P3 Per-Phase Outputs
Phase A positive
real energy
Phase B positive
real energy
Phase C positive
real energy
Option PV Photovoltaic
Phases A+B positive
real energy
Phases A+B negative
real energy
Phase C positive
real energy
Option DPO Dual Positive Outputs
Positive real energy
(all phases)
Negative real energy
(all phases)
Positive real energy
(all phases)
Table 3 Pulse Output Assignments
Note we use the terms ldquopositiverdquo and ldquonegativerdquo but other common terms are ldquoproductionrdquo and
ldquoconsumptionrdquo You can wire the meter so that positive energy corresponds to either production
or consumption depending on your application
Installation 19
Pull-Up Resistor SelectionFor standard WattNode meters with the normal 400 Hz full-scale frequency pull-up resistor
values between 10kΩ and 100kΩ work well You may use values of 10MΩ or higher to reduce
power consumption for battery powered equipment Note pull-up resistor values of 10MΩ or
higher will make the pulse output signal more susceptible to interference so you may want to
keep the wiring short use shielded cable and avoid running the pulse signal near AC wiring
The following table lists pull-up resistor values (in ohms kilo-ohms and mega-ohms) to use
with the pulse output channels particularly if you have ordered a model with a pulse frequency
different than 400 Hz For each configuration the table lists a recommended value followed by
minimum and maximum resistor values These values typically result in a pulse waveform rise
time (from 20 to 80 of the pull-up voltage) of less than 10 of the total pulse period The fall
time is roughly constant in the 2 to 10 microsecond range Lower resistance will result in faster
switching and increase the current flow If your frequency isnrsquot in the table use the next higher
frequency or interpolate between two values
Full-Scale Pulse
Frequency
Pull-up to 30 Vdc Recommended
(Min-Max)
Pull-up to 50 Vdc Recommended
(Min-Max)
Pull-up to 12 Vdc Recommended
(Min-Max)
Pull-up to 24 Vdc Recommended
(Min-Max)1 Hz 470kΩ (600Ω-47M) 470kΩ (10k-56M) 470kΩ (24k-75M) 10MΩ (47k-91M)
4 Hz 100kΩ (600Ω-12M) 100kΩ (10k-16M) 100kΩ (24k-22M) 200kΩ (47k-30M)10 Hz 47kΩ (600Ω-470k) 47kΩ (10k-620k) 47kΩ (24k-910k) 100kΩ (47k-13M)
50 Hz 10kΩ (600Ω-91k) 10kΩ (10k-130k) 20kΩ (24k-200k) 47kΩ (47k-270k)
100 Hz 47kΩ (600Ω-47k) 47kΩ (10k-62k) 10kΩ (24k-100k) 20kΩ (47k-130k)
200 Hz 20kΩ (600Ω-24k) 20kΩ (10k-33k) 47kΩ (24k-47k) 10kΩ (47k-68k)
600 Hz 20kΩ (600Ω-82k) 20kΩ (10k-12k) 47kΩ (24k-16k) 10kΩ (47k-22k)
Table 4 Recommended Pulse Output Pull-up Resistors
When the optoisolator is on (conducting) there is a small voltage drop between the common and
output terminals typically 01 - 04 volts called the saturation voltage This voltage depends on
the current flow through the optoisolator (see Specifications - Optoisolator Outputs (p 32) below for details) To compute the current flow through the optoisolator use the following approxi-
mate equation
Vpullup - The supply voltage for the pull-up resistor (DC volts)
Rpullup - The pull-up resistor resistance (ohms)
Iopto - The approximate current (amps) through the optoisolator when it is on (conducting)
Iopto = Vpullup Rpullup
Installation Summary1) Mount the WattNode meter
2) Turn off power before installing solid-core (non-opening) CTs or making voltage connections
3) Mount the CTs around the line voltage conductors being measured Take care to orient the
CTs facing the source of power
4) Connect the twisted white and black wires from the CT to the six position black terminal
block on the meter matching the wire colors to the white and black dots on the front label
5) Connect the voltage wires including ground and neutral (if present) to the green terminal
block and check that the current (CT) phases match the voltage measurement phases
6) Connect the pulse output terminals of the meter to the monitoring equipment
7) Apply power to the meter
8) Verify that the LEDs light correctly and donrsquot indicate an error condition
20 Installation
Installation LED DiagnosticsThe WattNode meter includes multi-color power diagnostic LEDs for each phase to help verify
correct operation and diagnose incorrect wiring The LEDs are marked ldquoStatusrdquo on the label The
following diagrams and descriptions explain the various LED patterns and their meanings The A
B and C on the left side indicate the phase of the LEDs Values like ldquo10secrdquo and ldquo30secrdquo indi-
cate the time the LEDs are lit in seconds In the diagrams sometimes the colors are abbreviated
R = red G or Grn = green Y = yellow
Normal StartupOn initial power-up the LEDs will all light up in a red
yellow green sequence After this startup sequence the
LEDs will show the status such as Normal Operation
below
Normal OperationDuring normal operation when positive power is measured
on a phase the LED for that phase will flash green Typical
flash rates are shown below
Percent of Full-Scale Power LED Flash Rate Flashes in 10 Seconds100 50 Hz 50
50 36 Hz 36
25 25 Hz 25
10 16 Hz 16
5 11 Hz 11
1 (and lower) 05 Hz 5
Table 5 LED Flash Rates vs Power
Zero PowerFor each phase if line Vac is present but the measured
power is below the minimum that the meter will measure (see
Specifications - Measurement - Creep Limit) the meter will display solid green for that phase
Inactive PhaseIf the meter detects no power and line voltage below 20 of
nominal it will turn off the LED for the phase
Negative PowerIf one or more of the phase LEDs are flashing red it
indicates negative power (power flowing into the grid) on
those phases The rate of flashing indicates magnitude of
negative power (see Table 5 above) This can happen for
the following reasons
This is a bidirectional power measurement application such as a photovoltaic system where
negative power occurs whenever you generate more power than you consume
The current transformer (CT) for this phase was installed backwards on the current carrying
wire or the white and black wires for the CT were reversed at the meter This can be solved
by flipping the CT on the wire or swapping the white and black wires at the meter
In some cases this can also occur if the CT wires are connected to the wrong inputs such
as if the CT wires for phases B and C are swapped
10sec10sec10sec
GreenYellowRed
GreenYellowRed
GreenYellowRed
CBA
Green Off Green Off Green Off
Green
Off
CBA Red Off Red Off Red Off
Red Off Red Off RedOff
Red Off Red Off Red Off
Installation 21
Note if all three LEDs are flashing red and they always turn on and off together like the diagram
for Low Line Voltage below then the meter is experiencing an error or low line voltage not nega-
tive power
Erratic FlashingIf the LEDs are flashing slowly and erratically sometimes
green sometimes red this generally indicates one of the
following
Earth ground is not connected to the meter (the top
connection on the green screw terminal)
Voltage is connected for a phase but the current transformer is not connected or the CT has
a loose connection
In some cases particularly for a circuit with no load this may be due to electrical noise This
is not harmful and can generally be disregarded provided that you are not seeing substantial
measured power when there shouldnrsquot be any Try turning on the load to see if the erratic
flashing stops
To fix this try the following
Make sure earth ground is connected
If there are unused current transformer inputs install a shorting jumper for each unused CT (a
short length of wire connected between the white and black dots marked on the label)
If there are unused voltage inputs (on the green screw terminal) connect them to neutral (if
present) or earth ground (if neutral isnrsquot available)
If you suspect noise may be the problem try moving the meter away from the source of
noise Also try to keep the CT wires as short as possible and cut off excess wire
Meter Not OperatingIt should not be possible for all three LEDs to stay off
when the meter is powered because the phase powering
the meter will have line voltage present Therefore if all
LEDs are off the meter is either not receiving sufficient
line voltage to operate or is malfunctioning and needs to be returned for service Verify that the
voltage on the Vac screw terminals is within plusmn20 of the nominal operating voltages printed in the
white rectangle on the front label
Meter ErrorIf the meter experiences an internal error it will light all
LEDs red for three seconds (or longer) If you see this
happen repeatedly return the meter for service
Bad CalibrationThis indicates that the meter has detected bad calibration
data and must be returned for service
Line Voltage Too HighWhenever the meter detects line voltages over 125 of
normal for one or more phases it will display a fast red
green flashing for the affected phases This is harmless if
it occurs due a momentary surge but if the line voltage is
high continuously the power supply may fail If you see continuous over-voltage flashing disconnect the meter immediately Check that the model
and voltage rating is correct for the electrical service
GrnRedGrn
GreenRed
Grn Red
CBA Off Off Off
Off Off Red
Off Red Off
Off
Off
Off
CBA
30sec
Red
Red
Red
CBA
Yellow
Red
Red
CBA
10sec
GR GR GR GR GR GR
GR GR GR GR GR GR
GR GR GR GR GR GRCBA
22 Installation
Bad Line FrequencyIf the meter detects a power line frequency below 45 Hz
or above 70 Hz it will light all the LEDs yellow for at least
three seconds The LEDs will stay yellow until the line
frequency returns to normal During this time the meter
should continue to accurately measure power This can
occur in the presence of extremely high noise such as if the meter is too close to an unfiltered
variable frequency drive
Low Line VoltageThese LED patterns occur if the line voltage is too low
for the meter to operate correctly and the meter reboots
repeatedly The pattern will be synchronized on all three
LEDs Verify that the voltage on the Vac screw terminals is
not more than 20 lower than the nominal operating volt-
ages printed in the white rectangle on the front label If the
voltages are in the normal range and the meter continues
to display one of these patterns return it for service
30secCBA
Yellow
Yellow
Yellow
10sec
YRed
YRed
YRed
CBA
YRed
YRed
YRed
CBA
R
R
R
R
R
R
R
R
R
R
R
R
R
R
R
R
R
R
10sec
Measurement TroubleshootingIf the WattNode meter does not appear to be operating correctly or generating expected pulses
start by checking the diagnostic LEDs as described in the previous section Installation LED Diagnostics (p 20) Then double check the installation instructions If there are still problems
check the following
No Pulses Make sure the load is turned on
If the LEDs are flashing green then the meter is measuring positive power and should output
pulses on P1 so there may be something wrong with the pulse output connection or you
may need a pull-up resistor see Connecting Pulse Outputs (p 17)
If the LEDs on one or more phases are flashing red then the total power may be negative
in which case the meter wonrsquot generate positive energy pulses If you have a bidirectional
model you can check for negative energy pulses on the P2 output If this is the case check
that the line phases match the CT phases that all the CTs face the source of power and that
the CT white and black wires are connected correctly
If all the LEDs are solid green (or off) then the measured power is below the creep limit
(11500th of full-scale) and the meter will not generate any pulses See Specifications - Creep Limit (p 32)
If the LEDs are flashing green slowly the power may be very low A WattNode meter with a
nominal output frequency of 400 Hz can have a pulse period of several minutes at very low
power levels
If all the LEDs are off then the meter does not have sufficient line voltage to operate or has
malfunctioned Use a DMM (multimeter) to verify that the voltage on the Vac screw terminals
is within -20 +15 of the nominal operating voltage
Incorrect Power or Energy ReadingsThis can be caused by any of the following
An incorrect estimate of expected power or energy readings If possible try to verify the
actual energy power or current with a handheld power meter or current clamp
Installation 23
Incorrect scale factors to convert from pulses to energy and power This is commonly caused
by using the normal scale factors with an Option P3 meter or selecting the wrong row of
column from the tables
Some pulse counting equipment (data loggers etc) counts both rising and falling edges as
pulses resulting in a count that is double the intended value This can normally be corrected
by reconfiguring the device or dividing the scale factor by 20
Some pulse monitoring devices cannot handle fast pulse rates If the pulses occur too close
together some may be missed by the monitoring device Check the specifications of your
monitoring device or contact CCS support for assistance
The CTs are not installed on the correct line phases Verify that the CT phasing matches the
line Vac inputs
The measured current exceeds the CT rating This can saturate CT or the WattNode meter
input circuitry resulting in lower than expected readings If possible use a current clamp to
measure the current and make sure it is below the CT rated amps
The measured current is too small Most current transformers are only specified to meet
their accuracy from 10 to 100 of rated current In practice most CTs work reasonably
well down to 1 of rated current Very low currents may not register properly resulting in low
power or no power reported
Interference from a variable frequency or variable speed drive VFD VSD inverter or the
like Generally these drives should not interfere with the meter but if they are in very close
proximity or if the CT leads are long interference can occur Try moving the meter at least
three feet (one meter) away from any VFDs Use short CT leads if possible NEVER connect
the meter downstream of a VFD the varying line frequency and extreme noise will cause
problems
The CTs may be malfunctioning If possible use a current clamp to verify the current then
use a DMM (multimeter) to measure the AC voltage between the white and black wires from
the CT (leave them connected to the meter during this test) At rated current the CT output
voltage should equal 0333 Vac (333 millivolts AC) At lower currents the voltage should scale
linearly so at 20 of rated current the output voltage should be 020 0333 = 00666 Vac
(666 millivolts AC)
The meter is not functioning correctly if possible swap the meter for another unit of the
same model
24 Operating Instructions
Operating InstructionsPulse Outputs
The WattNode meter generates pulse outputs using one or more optoisolators (also called
photocouplers) These provide 5000 Vac of isolation using an LED and a photo-transistor This
allows the meter to be interfaced to monitoring or data logging hardware without concerns about
interference ground loops shock hazard etc
Depending on the options selected the Pulse WattNode meter can generate full-scale pulses at
output frequencies ranging from less than 1 Hz to 600 Hz The standard full-scale pulse output
frequency is 400 Hz The standard model provides two pulse streams for measuring bidirectional
power With Option P3 there are three pulse channels for independently measuring each phase
or three single-phase circuits
The pulse outputs are approximately square-waves with equal on and off periods The frequency
of pulses is proportional to the measured power When the measured power is constant the
pulse frequency is constant and the output is an exact square-wave If the power is increasing
or decreasing the output waveform will not be a perfect square-wave as the on and off periods
are getting longer or shorter If you need a fixed or minimum pulse duration (closed period) see
Manual Supplement MS-17 Option PW (Pulse Width)
We define a ldquopulserdquo as a full cycle including both an Open Closed and an Closed Open
transition You can choose either a rising or falling edge to start a pulse the end of the pulse will
be the next matching edge Some monitoring equipment or data loggers can be configured to
count both rising and falling edges if your equipment is configured this way you will count twice
as many pulses as expected This can normally be corrected by reconfiguring the equipment or
adjusting the scale factors by a factor of 2
Open
Closed
400ms400ms
800ms
400ms400ms
800ms
400ms400ms
800ms
Figure 11 Output Pulses for Steady Power
Open
Closed
200ms
200ms
200ms
200ms
300ms400ms500ms500ms
1000ms 700ms 400ms 400ms
Figure 12 Output Pulses for Increasing Power
See Connecting Pulse Outputs (p 17) and Specifications - Pulse Outputs (p 32) for
more information
Operating Instructions 25
Power and Energy ComputationEvery pulse from the meter corresponds to a fixed amount of energy Power (watts) is energy
divided by time which can be measured as pulses per second (or pulses per hour) The following
scale factor tables and equations convert from pulses to energy (watt-hours or kilowatt-hours) for
different models
If you have ordered a custom full-scale pulse output frequency then see the
Power and Energy Equations section below For Option PV (Photovoltaic) see
Manual Supplement MS-10 Option PV for scale factors
Scale Factors - Standard Bidirectional Outputs (and Option DPO)The following table provides scale factors for standard bidirectional output models with a full-
scale pulse output frequency of 400 Hz This table also works for 400 Hz models with Option DPO Equations to compute power and energy follow the scale factor tables
CT Size (amps)
Watt-hours per pulse (WHpP) Pulses Per kilowatt-hour (PpKWH)3Y-208 3D-240
3Y-400 3D-400
3Y-480 3D-480
3Y-6003Y-208 3D-240
3Y-400 3D-400
3Y-480 3D-480
3Y-600
5 0125 02396 02885 03615 800000 417391 346570 276657
15 0375 07188 08656 10844 266667 139130 115524 922190
20 0500 09583 11542 14458 200000 104348 866426 691643
30 0750 14375 17313 21688 133333 695652 577617 461095
50 1250 23958 28854 36146 800000 417391 346570 276657
60 1500 28750 34625 43375 666667 347826 288809 230548
70 1750 33542 40396 50604 571429 298137 247550 197612
100 2500 47917 57708 72292 400000 208696 173285 138329
150 3750 71875 86563 10844 266667 139130 115523 92219
200 5000 95833 11542 14458 200000 104348 86643 69164
250 6250 11979 14427 18073 160000 83478 69314 55331
300 7500 14375 17313 21688 133333 69565 57762 46110
400 10000 19167 23083 28917 100000 52174 43321 34582
600 15000 28750 34625 43375 66667 34783 28881 23055
800 20000 38333 46167 57833 50000 26087 21661 17291
1000 25000 47917 57708 72292 40000 20870 17329 13833
1200 30000 57500 69250 86750 33333 17391 14440 11527
1500 37500 71875 86563 10844 26667 13913 11552 92219
2000 50000 95833 11542 14458 20000 10435 86643 69164
3000 75000 14375 17313 21688 13333 69565 57762 46110
any CtAmps 40
CtAmps 2087
CtAmps 17329
CtAmps 13833
40000 CtAmps
20870 CtAmps
17329 CtAmps
13833 CtAmps
Table 6 Scale Factors - Bidirectional Outputs
Contact CCS for scale factors for models with full-scale pulse output frequencies other than 400
Hz
26 Operating Instructions
Scale Factors - Option P3 Per-Phase OutputsThe following table provides scale factors for Option P3 models with a full-scale pulse output
frequencies of 400 Hz for each phase Note with Option P3 different phases can use different
CTs with different rated currents
WARNING Only use this table if you have Option P3 (Per-Phase Outputs)
CT Size (amps)
Watt-hours per pulse (WHpP) Pulses Per kilowatt-hour (PpKWH)3Y-208 3D-240
3Y-400 3D-400
3Y-480 3D-480
3Y-6003Y-208 3D-240
3Y-400 3D-400
3Y-480 3D-480
3Y-600
5 004167 007986 009618 012049 240000 125217 103971 829971
15 01250 02396 02885 03615 800000 417391 346570 276657
20 01667 03194 03847 04819 600000 313043 259928 207493
30 02500 04792 05771 07229 400000 208696 173285 138329
50 04167 07986 09618 12049 240000 125217 103971 829971
60 05000 09583 11542 14458 200000 104348 866426 691643
70 05833 11181 13465 16868 171429 894410 742651 592837
100 08333 15972 19236 24097 120000 626087 519856 414986
150 12500 23958 28854 36146 800000 417391 346570 276657
200 16667 31944 38472 48194 600000 313043 259928 207493
250 20833 39931 48090 60243 480000 250435 207942 165994
300 25000 47917 57708 72292 400000 208696 173285 138329
400 33333 63889 76944 96389 300000 156522 129964 103746
600 50000 95833 11542 14458 200000 104348 86643 69164
800 66667 12778 15389 19278 150000 78261 64982 51873
1000 83333 15972 19236 24097 120000 62609 51986 41499
1200 10000 19167 23083 28917 100000 52174 43321 34582
1500 12500 23958 28854 36146 80000 41739 34657 27666
2000 16667 31944 38472 48194 60000 31304 25993 20749
3000 25000 47917 57708 72292 40000 20870 17329 13833
any CtAmps 12000
CtAmps 62609
CtAmps 51986
CtAmps 41499
120000 CtAmps
62609 CtAmps
51986 CtAmps
41499 CtAmps
Table 7 Scale Factors - Per-Phase Outputs (Option P3)
Scale Factor EquationsUsing the ldquoWatt-hours per pulserdquo WHpP value from the table above for your model and current
transformer you can compute energy and power as follows
PulseCount - This is the count of pulses used to compute energy You can use the count of
pulses over specified periods of time (like a month) to measure the energy for that period of
time
PulseFreq - This is the measured pulse frequency (Hertz) out of the meter This can also be
computed by counting the number of pulses in a fixed period of time and then dividing by the
number of seconds in that time period For example if you count 720 pulses in five minutes
(300 seconds) then PulseFreq = 720 300 = 240 Hz
Energy (watt-hours) = WHpP PulseCount
Power (watts) = WHpP 3600 PulseFreq
To convert these values to kilowatt-hours and kilowatts divide by 1000
Operating Instructions 27
Using the ldquoPulses Per kilowatt-hourrdquo PpKWH value from the table above for your model and
current transformer you can compute energy and power as follows (multiply by 1000 to convert
kilowatts to watts)
Energy (kilowatt-hours) = PulseCount PpKWH
Power (kilowatts) = 3600 PulseFreq PpKWH
Power and Energy EquationsThis section shows how to compute power and energy from pulses for any full-scale pulse output
frequency The power is proportional to the pulse frequency while the energy is proportional to
the count of pulses
For these calculations we use the following variables
NVac - This is the nominal line voltage (phase to neutral) of the WattNode model For delta
model this is a virtual voltage since there may not be a neutral connection Note this is not the actual measured voltage
PpPO - ldquoPhases per Pulse Outputrdquo This is the number of meter voltage phases associ-
ated with a pulse output channel This may be different than the number of phases you are
monitoring
Standard and Option DPO (Dual Positive Outputs) PpPO = 3
Option P3 (Per-Phase Outputs) PpPO = 1
Option PV (Photovoltaic) PpPO = 2 for outputs P1 and P2 PpPO = 1 for output P3 CtAmps - This is the current transformer (CT) rated amps Note If the conductors being
measured are passed through the CTs more than once then CtAmps is the rated CT current
divided by the number of times that the conductor passes through the CT
FSHz - This is the full-scale pulse frequency of the meter It is 400 Hz unless the meter was
ordered with Option Hz=xxx (where xxx specifies the full-scale pulse frequency) or Option Kh
PulseCount - This is the measured pulse count used to compute energy You can use the
count of pulses over specified periods of time (such as a month) to measure the energy for
that period of time
PulseFreq - This is the measured pulse frequency from one of the pulse channels (P1 P2
or P3) This can be computed by counting the number of pulses in a fixed period of time and
then dividing by the number of seconds in that time period For example if you count 720
pulses in five minutes (300 seconds) then PulseFreq = 720 300 = 240 Hz
The values of the constant parameters are in the following table
WattNode Models NVac Standard FSHz ValuesWNB-3Y-208-P 120 400 Hz
WNB-3Y-400-P 230 400 Hz
WNB-3Y-480-P 277 400 Hz
WNB-3Y-600-P 347 400 Hz
WNB-3D-240-P 120 400 Hz
WNB-3D-400-P 230 400 Hz
WNB-3D-480-P 277 400 Hz
Note these are ldquovirtualrdquo line-to-neutral voltages used for delta model power
and energy computations
Table 8 Power and Energy Parameters
28 Operating Instructions
Watt-Hours per Pulse
FSHz 3600PpPO NVac CtAmpsWHpP =
Watt-Hours per Pulse per CT Rated AmpThere is an alternate way of computing the energy reported by a meter using the variable
WHpPpA (watt-hours per pulse per CT rated amp) If you multiply the WHpPpA by the amp rating
of your CTs the result will be the watt-hours measured each time the meter generates a pulse
EnergyPerPulse (WH) = WHpPpA CtAmps
The standard WHpPpA values are listed in the following table These only apply for models with a
400 Hz full-scale pulse frequency
WattNode ModelsWatt-Hours per Pulse per CT Rated Amp (FSHz = 400)
Standard and
Option DPO Outputs
Option P3
Per-Phase Outputs
WNB-3Y-208-P 002500 0008333
WNB-3Y-400-P 004792 001597
WNB-3Y-480-P 005771 001924
WNB-3Y-600-P 007229 002410
WNB-3D-240-P 002500 0008333
WNB-3D-400-P 004792 001597
WNB-3D-480-P 005771 001924
Table 9 Watt-Hours per Pulse per CT Rated Amp
For example a WNB-3Y-208-P with a full-scale pulse frequency of 400 Hz has a WHpPpA value
of 00250 With 15 amp CTs it will output one pulse for every 0375 watt-hours
(0025) (150 amps) = 0375 watt-hours
It is easy to use the WHpPpA value to compute energy
Energy (Wh) = WHpPpA CtAmps PulseCount
For non-standard models you can compute WHpPpA as follows
FSHz 3600PpPO NVacWHpPpA =
Energy EquationThe following equation computes the energy (watt-hours) associated with a pulse output channel
By using the PulseCount for different periods of time (day week month etc) you can measure
the energy over different time periods You can convert this to kilowatt-hours by dividing by 1000
The 3600 term in the denominator converts from watt-seconds to watt-hours Note use NVac
value from Table 8 above
FSHz 3600Energy (WH) =
NVac PpPO CtAmps PulseCount
Pulses per Watt-Hour
NVac PpPO CtAmpsFSHz 3600PpWH =
Operating Instructions 29
Pulses Per Kilowatt-Hour
NVac PpPO CtAmpsFSHz 3600 1000PpKWH =
Full-Scale Power EquationThe following equation computes the nominal full-scale power associated with a pulse output
channel For bidirectional output models this is the full-scale power for all phases together For
per-phase output models this is the full-scale power for a single phase Note use NVac value
from Table 8 Power and Energy Parameters above
Full-Scale Power (W) = NVac PpPO CtAmps
Power EquationThe following equation computes the power associated with a pulse output The PulseFreq value
may be measured or averaged over different time periods to compute the average power (also
called demand) Note use NVac value from Table 8 above
FSHzNVac PpPO CtAmps PulseFreqPower (W ) =
Maintenance and RepairThe WattNode Pulse meter requires no maintenance There are no user serviceable or replace-
able parts except the pluggable screw terminals
The WattNode meter should not normally need to be cleaned but if cleaning is desired power
must be disconnected first and a dry or damp cloth or brush should be used
The WattNode meter is not user serviceable In the event of any failure the meter must be
returned for service (contact CCS for an RMA) In the case of a new installation follow the diag-
nostic and troubleshooting instructions before returning the meter for service to ensure that the
problem is not connection related
30 Specifications
SpecificationsModels
ModelNominal Vac
Line-to-NeutralNominal Vac Line-to-Line
Phases Wires
WNB-3Y-208-P 120 208ndash240 3 4
WNB-3Y-400-P 230 400 3 4
WNB-3Y-480-P 277 480 3 4
WNB-3Y-600-P 347 600 3 4
WNB-3D-240-P 120 208ndash240 3 3ndash4
WNB-3D-400-P 230 400 3 3ndash4
WNB-3D-480-P 277 480 3 3ndash4
Note the delta models have an optional neutral connection that may be used for measuring
wye circuits In the absence of neutral voltages are measured with respect to ground Delta
WattNode models use the phase A and phase B connections for power
Table 10 WattNode Models
Model OptionsAny of these models are available with the following options
Bidirectional Outputs - (this is the standard model) This model has two pulse output chan-
nels P1 generates pulses in proportion to the total real positive energy while P2 generates
pulses in proportion to the total real negative energy The individual phase energies are all
added together every 200 ms If the result is positive it is accumulated for the P1 output if
negative it is accumulated for the P2 output If one phase has negative power (-100 W) while
the other two phases have positive power (+100 W each) the negative phase will subtract
from the positive phases resulting in a net of 100 W causing pulses on P1 but no pulses on
P2 There will only be pulses on P2 if the sum of all three phases is negative
Option P3 Per-Phase Outputs - Models with this option have three pulse output channels
P1 P2 and P3 Each generates pulses in proportion to the real positive energy measured on
one phase (phases A B and C respectively)
Option DPO Dual Positive Outputs - This option is like the standard model with
bidirectional outputs but with the addition of the P3 output channel The P3 chan-
nel indicates positive real energy just like the P1 channel This is useful when the meter
needs to be connected to two different devices such as a display and a data logger See
Manual Supplement MS-11 Option DPO (Dual Positive Outputs) for details
Option PV Photovoltaic - The photovoltaic option measures residential PV systems It
allows one WattNode meter to measure the bidirectional total house energy and the PV (or
wind) generated energy See Manual Supplement MS-10 Option PV (Photovoltaic) for details
Option Hz Custom Pulse Output Frequency - WattNode meters are available with custom
full-scale pulse output frequencies ranging from 001 Hz to 600 Hz (150 Hz maximum for
Options P3 DPO and PV ) For custom frequencies specify Option Hz=nnn where nnn
is the desired full-scale frequency To specify different frequencies for P1 P2 and P3 use
Option Hz=rrrsssttt where P1 frequency = rrr P2 frequency = sss P3 frequency = ttt
Option SSR Solid State Relay Output - Replaces the standard optoisolator outputs with
solid state relays capable of switching 500 mA at up to 40 Vac or plusmn60 Vdc See Option SSR Outputs below for details
Option TVS=24 - Install 24 V bidirectional TVS protection diodes across P1 P2 and P3
outputs Used with Option SSR when driving 12 Vdc electromechanical counters to protect
the solid-state relays from the inductive kickback of the counter
Specifications 31
Option PW Pulse Width - This specifies the pulse ON (closed or conducting) period in
milliseconds For example Opt PW=100 configures 100 millisecond pulse ON periods See
Manual Supplement MS-17 Option PW (Pulse Width) for details
Option Kh Watt-hour Constant - This specifies the watt-hour constant or the number of
watt-hours that must accumulate for each pulse generated by the meter Each pulse includes
an ON (conducting) and OFF period The number of watt-hours may be small even less than
one or large For example Opt Kh=1000 specifies one pulse per 1000 watt-hours (one pulse
per kilowatt-hour) See httpwwwccontrolsyscomwOption_Kh
Option CT Current Transformer Rated Amps - This specifies the rated
amps of the attached current transformers This is only used in conjunc-
tion with Option Kh It may be specified as Opt CT=xxx or Opt CT=xxxyyyzzz if there are CTs with different rated amps on different phases See
httpwwwccontrolsyscomwWattNode_Pulse_-_Option_CT_-_CT_Rated_Amps
AccuracyThe following accuracy specifications do not include errors caused by the current transformer
accuracy or phase angle errors ldquoRated currentrdquo is the current that generates a CT output voltage
of 033333 Vac
Condition 1 - Normal OperationLine voltage -20 to +15 of nominal
Power factor 10
Frequency 48 - 62 Hz
Ambient Temperature 25degC
CT Current 5 - 100 of rated current
Accuracy plusmn05 of reading
Condition 2 - Low CT CurrentAll conditions the same as Condition 1 exceptCT Current 1 - 5 of rated current
Accuracy plusmn10 of reading
Condition 3 ndash Very Low CT CurrentAll conditions the same as Condition 1 exceptCT Current 02 - 1 of rated current
Accuracy plusmn30 of reading
Condition 4 - High CT CurrentAll conditions the same as Condition 1 exceptCT Current 100 - 120 of rated current
Accuracy plusmn10 of reading
Condition 5 - Low Power FactorAll conditions the same as Condition 1 exceptPower factor 05 (plusmn60 degree phase shift between current and voltage)
Additional Error plusmn05 of reading
Condition 6 - Temperature VariationAll conditions the same as Condition 1 exceptAmbient Temperature -30degC to +55degC
Additional Error plusmn075 of reading
32 Specifications
Note Option PV WattNode models may not meet these accuracy specifications for the P3
output channel when measuring a two-phase inverter or multiple inverters
Pulse OutputsFactory Programmable Full-Scale Pulse Frequencies
Standard (All Models) 400 Hz
Custom (Bidirectional Output Models) 001 Hz to 600 Hz
Custom (Option P3 Option PV Option DPO) 001 Hz to 150 Hz
Absolute Maximum Pulse Output FrequenciesStandard Models (Bidirectional Outputs) 900 Hz
Option P3 Option PV Option DPO 200 Hz
Output Waveform square-wave ~50 duty cycle
Option PW programmable pulse ON (closed or conducting period 1 to 65535 milliseconds
Optoisolator OutputsIsolation 5000 Vac RMS
Breakdown Voltage (collectorndashemitter) 60 V (exceeding this may destroy the outputs)
Maximum Reverse Voltage (emitter-collector) 5 Vdc (exceeding may destroy the outputs)
Maximum Leakage (OFF) Current (collectorndashemitter) 100 nA
Recommended Load Current (collectorndashemitter) 1 μA (microamp) to 5 mA (milliamp)
Maximum Load (collectorndashemitter) Current ~8 mA
Approximate ON Resistance (as measured by a DMM) 100 Ω to 2000 Ω
Approximate OFF Resistance (as measured by a DMM) gt 50 MΩ
MeasurementCreep Limit 0067 (11500th) of full-scale Whenever the apparent power (a combination of the
real and reactive power values) for a phase drops below the creep limit the output power (real)
for the phase will be forced to zero Also if the line voltage for a phase drops below 20 of
nominal Vac the output power for the phase will be set to zero These limits prevent spurious
pulses due to measurement noise
Update Rate ~200 milliseconds Internally the consumed energy is measured at this rate and
used to update the pulse output rate
Start-Up Time approximately 500 milliseconds The meter starts measuring power and generat-
ing pulses 500 milliseconds after AC voltage is applied
Current Transformer Phase Angle Correction 10 degree leading Current transformers (CTs)
typically have a leading phase angle error ranging from 02 degrees to 25 degrees The
WattNode meter is normally programmed to correct for a 10 degree phase lead to provide
good accuracy with typical CTs
Over-Voltage Limit 125 of nominal Vac If the line voltage for one or more phases exceeds this
limit the status LEDs for these phases will flash alternating red-green as a warning Extended
over-voltage operation can damage the meter and void the warranty See Line Voltage Too High (p 21)
Over-Current Limit 120 of rated current Exceeding 120 of rated current will not harm the
WattNode meter but the current and power will not be measured accurately
Specifications 33
Saturation Voltage vs Load Current this is the typical voltage (at room temperature) mea-
sured between the COM terminal and P1 P2 or P3 when the optoisolator is on (conduct-
ing) Ideally this voltage would be zero but instead it varies with the load current
10
100
1000
001 01 1 10
Opt
oiso
lato
r Sat
urat
ion
Vce
(mill
ivol
ts)
Optoisolator Current (mA)
Figure 13 Optoisolator Saturation Voltage vs Load Current
Output Rise Time (microseconds) approximately Rpullup 100 where Rpullup is the pull-
up resistor value (in ohms) and the pull-up voltage is 5 Vdc Rise time is defined as the time
for the output voltage to rise from 20 to 80 of the pull-up voltage
Output Fall Time approximately 2-3 microseconds with a 5 Vdc pull-up voltage
Option SSR OutputsIsolation 5000 Vac RMS
Breakdown Voltage plusmn60 Vdc or 40 Vac can switch positive negative or AC voltages
Maximum Leakage (Off) Current 1000 nA (1 μA)
On Resistance 10 to 25 Ω
Maximum Load Current 500 mA
Output Turn On Time (milliseconds) 18 ms typical 50 ms maximum
Output Turn Off Time (milliseconds) 05 ms typical 20 ms maximum
Maximum Recommended Pulse Frequency 30 Hz
ElectricalPower Consumption The following table shows typical power consumption and power factor
values with all three phases powered at nominal line voltages The power supply draws
most of the total power consumed while the measurement circuitry draws 1-10 of the total
(6-96 milliwatts per phase depending on the model) Due to the design of the power supply
WattNode meters draw slightly more power at 50 Hz
34 Specifications
ModelActive
Power at 60 Hz
Active Power at
50 Hz
Power Factor
Rated Power
Power Supply Range
Power Supply
TerminalsWNB-3Y-208-P 16 W 18 W 075 3 W 96 ndash 138 Vac N and OslashAWNB-3Y-400-P 16 W 18 W 064 3 W 184 ndash 264 Vac N and OslashAWNB-3Y-480-P 21 W 24 W 063 4 W 222 ndash 318 Vac N and OslashAWNB-3Y-600-P 12 W 12 W 047 3 W 278 ndash 399 Vac N and OslashAWNB-3D-240-P 17 W 19 W 063 4 W 166 ndash 276 Vac OslashA and OslashBWNB-3D-400-P 14 W 15 W 047 3 W 320 ndash 460 Vac OslashA and OslashBWNB-3D-480-P 18 W 22 W 053 4 W 384 ndash 552 Vac OslashA and OslashB
Table 11 Power Supply Characteristics
Note This is the maximum rated power at 115 of nominal Vac at 50 Hz This is the same as
the rated power that appears on the front label of the meter
Maximum Operating Power Supply Voltage Range -20 to +15 of nominal (see table
above) For the WNB-3D-240-P this is -20 of 208 Vac (166 Vac) to +15 of 240 Vac (276
Vac)
Operating Frequencies 5060 Hz
Measurement Category CAT III
Measurement category III is for measurements performed in the building installation Examples
are measurements on distribution boards circuit-breakers wiring including cables bus-bars
junction boxes switches socket-outlets in the fixed installation and equipment for industrial
use and some other equipment for example stationary motors with permanent connection to
the fixed installation
The line voltage measurement terminals on the meter are rated for the following CAT III volt-
ages (these ratings also appear on the front label)
Model CAT III Voltage RatingWNB-3Y-208-P
WNB-3D-240-P
240 Vac
WNB-3Y-400-P
WNB-3D-400-P
400 Vac
WNB-3Y-480-P
WNB-3D-480-P
480 Vac
WNB-3Y-600-P 600 Vac
Table 12 WattNode CAT III Ratings
Current Transformer InputsNominal Input Voltage (At CT Rated Current) 033333 Vac RMS
Absolute Maximum Input Voltage 50 Vac RMS
Input Impedance at 5060 Hz 23 kΩ
Specifications 35
CertificationsSafety UL 61010-1 CANCSA-C222 No 61010-1-04 IEC 61010-1
Immunity EN 61326 2002 (Industrial Locations)
Electrostatic Discharge EN 61000-4-2 4 kV contact 8 kV air (B) Self-Recovering
Radiated RF Immunity EN 61000-4-3 10 Vm (A) No Degradation
Electrical Fast Transient Burst EN 61000-4-4 2 kV (B) Self-Recovering
Surge Immunity EN 61000-4-5 1 kV IO 4 kV AC (B) Self-Recovering
Conducted RF Immunity EN 61000-4-6 3 V (A) No Degradation
Voltage Dips Interrupts EN 61000-4-11 (B) Self-Recovering
Emissions FCC Part 15 Class B EN 55022 1994 Class B
EnvironmentalOperating Temperature -30degC to +55degC (-22degF to 131degF)
Altitude Up to 2000 m (6560 ft)
Operating Humidity non-condensing 5 to 90 relative humidity (RH) up to 40degC decreasing
linearly to 50 RH at 55degC
Pollution POLLUTION DEGREE 2 - Normally only non-conductive pollution occasionally a
temporary conductivity caused by condensation must be expected
Indoor Use Suitable for indoor use
Outdoor Use Suitable for outdoor use when mounted inside an electrical enclosure (Hammond
Mfg Type EJ Series) that is rated NEMA 3R or 4 (IP 66)
MechanicalEnclosure High impact ABS andor ABSPC plastic
Flame Resistance Rating UL 94V-0 IEC FV-0
Size 153 mm times 85 mm times 38 mm (602 in times 335 in times 150 in)
Weight 285 gm (101 oz) 314 gm (111 oz)
Connectors Euroblock style pluggable terminal blocks
Green up to 12 AWG (25 mm2) 600 V
Black up to 12 AWG (25 mm2) 300 V
Current TransformersWattNode meters use CTs with built-in burden resistors generating 033333 Vac at rated AC cur-
rent The maximum input current rating is dependent on the CT frame size (see the tables below)
Exceeding the maximum input current rating may damage CTs but should not harm the meter
None of these CTs measure DC current and the accuracy can be degraded in the presence of DC
currents as from half-wave rectified loads The solid-core CTs are most susceptible to saturation
due to DC currents
WattNode meters should only be used with UL recognized current transformers which are avail-
able from Continental Control Systems Using non-approved transformers will invalidate the meter
UL listing The following sections list approved UL recognized current transformers
36 Specifications
Common CT SpecificationsType voltage output integral burden resistor
Output Voltage at Rated Current 033333 Vac (one-third volt)
Standard CT Wire Length 24 m (8 feet)
Optional CT Wire Length up to 30 m (100 feet)
Split-Core CTsAlso called ldquoopeningrdquo current transformers These are UL recognized under UL file numbers
E96927 or E325972 CTM-0360-xxx CTS-0750-xxx CTS-1250-xxx CTS-2000-xxx where xxx
indicates the full scale current rating between 0005 and 1500 amps
The accuracy of the split-core CTs are specified from 10 to 100 of rated AC current The
phase angle is specified at 50 of rated current (amps) Some low current split-core CTs have
unspecified phase angle errors
ModelInside
DiameterRated Amps (-xxx)
Accuracy Phase Angle
Maximum Amps
CTM-0360-xxx 030 (75 mm) 5 15 30 50 70 plusmn1 lt2deg 100
CTS-0750-xxx 075rdquo (190 mm) 5 15 30 50 plusmn1 not spec 200
CTS-0750-xxx 075rdquo (190 mm) 70 100 150 200 plusmn1 lt2deg 200
CTS-1250-xxx 125rdquo (317 mm) 70 100 plusmn1 not spec 600
CTS-1250-xxx 125rdquo (317 mm) 150 200 250 300 400 600 plusmn1 lt2deg 600
CTS-2000-xxx 200rdquo (508 mm) 600 800 1000 1200 1500 plusmn1 lt2deg 1500
Table 13 Split-core CTs
Split-Core Bus Bar CTsThese current transformers are referred to as ldquobus barrdquo CTs because they are available in larger
and custom sizes appropriate for use with bus bars or multiple large conductors These are UL
recognized under UL file number E325972 CTB-wwwXhhh-xxx where www and hhh indicate
the width and height in inches and xxx indicates the full scale current rating
The accuracy of the split-core bus bar CTs is specified from 10 to 100 of rated current The
phase angle is specified at 50 of rated current (amps)
Model OpeningRated Amps
Accuracy Phase Angle
Maximum Amps
CTB-15x35-0600 15 x 35 (381 mm x 889 mm) 600 plusmn15 lt15deg 750
CTB-40x40-0800 40 x 40 (1016 mm x 1016 mm) 800 plusmn15 lt15deg 1000
CTB-40x40-1200 40 x 40 (1016 mm x 1016mm) 1200 plusmn15 lt15deg 1500
CTB-40x40-2000 40 x 40 (1016 mm x 1016 mm) 2000 plusmn15 lt15deg 2500
CTB-45x40-3000 45 x 40 (1143 mm x 1016 mm) 3000 plusmn15 lt15deg 3750
CTB-wwwxhhh-xxxx Custom (www by hhh inches) xxxx plusmn15 lt15deg 4000
Table 14 Split-core Bus Bar CTs
Solid-Core CTsAlso called ldquotoroidrdquo or ldquodonutrdquo current transformers These are UL recognized under UL
file number E96927 CTT-0750-100N CTT-1250-400N CTT-0300-030N CTT-0500-060N
CTT-1000-200N CTT-0300-005N CTT-0300-015N CTT-0500-050N CTT-0500-030N
CTT-0500-015N CTT-0750-070N CTT-0750-050N CTT-0750-030N CTT-1000-150N
CTT-1000-100N CTT-1000-070N CTT-1000-050N CTT-1250-300N CTT-1250-250N
CTT-1250-200N CTT-1250-150N CTT-1250-100N CTT-1250-070N
Warranty 37
The accuracy of the solid-core CTs is specified from 10 to 100 of rated current The phase
angle error is specified at 50 of rated current The CT suffix xxx is the rated current The ldquoNrdquo at
the end of the part number indicates a nickel core material which is the only core material avail-
able for our solid-core CTs
ModelInside
DiameterRated Amps (-xxx)
Accuracy Phase Angle
Maximum Amps
CTT-0300-xxxN 030 (76mm) 5 15 20 30 plusmn1 lt1deg 30
CTT-0500-xxxN 050 (127mm) 15 20 30 50 60 plusmn1 lt1deg 60
CTT-0750-xxxN 075 (190mm) 30 50 70 100 plusmn1 lt1deg 100
CTT-1000-xxxN 100 (254mm) 50 70 100 150 200 plusmn1 lt1deg 200
CTT-1250-xxxN 125 (317mm) 70 100 150 200 250 300 400 plusmn1 lt1deg 400
Table 15 Solid-core CTs
WarrantyAll products sold by Continental Control Systems LLC (CCS) are guaranteed against defects in
material and workmanship for a period of five years from the original date of shipment CCSrsquos
responsibility is limited to repair replacement or refund any of which may be selected by CCS at
its sole discretion CCS reserves the right to substitute functionally equivalent new or serviceable
used parts
This warranty covers only defects arising under normal use and does not include malfunctions or
failures resulting from misuse neglect improper application improper installation water damage
acts of nature lightning product modifications alterations or repairs by anyone other than CCS
Except as set forth herein CCS makes no warranties expressed or implied and CCS disclaims and negates all other warranties including without limitation implied warranties of merchantability and fitness for a particular purpose
Limitation of LiabilityIn no event shall CCS be liable for any indirect special incidental punitive or consequen-tial damages of any kind or nature arising out of the sale or use of its products whether such liability is asserted on the basis of contract tort or otherwise including without limitation lost profits even if CCS has been advised of the possibility of such damages
Customer acknowledges that CCSrsquos aggregate liability to Customer relating to or arising out of the sale or use of CCSrsquos products whether such liability is asserted on the basis of contract tort or otherwise shall not exceed the purchase price paid by Customer for the products in respect of which damages are claimed Customer specifically acknowledges that CCSrsquos price for the products is based upon the limitations of CCSrsquos liability set forth herein
CTL Series - 125 Inch Window - 250 and 400 AmpsThe CTL revenue-grade split-core current transformers provide IEEE
C5713 class 06 accuracy with UL listing for energy management
equipment They combine the ease of installation of an opening cur-
rent transformer with the accuracy normally associated with solid-core
current transformers They are an ideal companion to the WattNodereg
Revenue meter for revenue-grade electric power metering applications
bull Very low phase angle error essential for accurate power and energy
measurements
bull IEEEANSI C5713 and IEC 60044-1 accuracy over the full tem-
perature range
bull Glove-friendly operation with one hand
SpecificationsAll specifications are for operation at 60 Hz
bull Accuracy
bull plusmn050 from 15 to 100 of rated primary current
bull plusmn075 from 1 to 15 of rated primary current
bull Phase angle
bull plusmn025 degrees (15 minutes) from 50 to 100 of rated current
bull plusmn050 degrees (30 minutes) from 5 to 50 of rated current
bull plusmn075 degrees (45 minutes) from 1 to 5 of rated current
bull Accuracy standards IEEE C5713 class 06 IEC 60044-1 class 05S
bull Primary rating 250 or 400 Amps 600 Vac 60 Hz nominal
bull Output 33333 mVac at rated current
bull Operating temperature -30degC to 55degC
bull Safe integral burden resistor no shorting block needed
bull Standard lead length 8 ft (24 m) 18 AWG
bull Approvals UL recognized CE mark RoHS
bull Assembled in USA qualified under Buy American provision in ARRA of
2009
Models Amps MSRPCTL-1250-250 Opt C06 250 $ 66
CTL-1250-400 Opt C06 400 $ 66
Revenue-Grade Accuracy
3131 Indian Road bull Boulder CO 80301 USAsalesccontrolsyscom bull wwwccontrolsyscom(888) 928-8663 bull Fax (303) 444-2903
-100
-075
-050
-025
000
025
050
075
100
01 1 10 100 200
Rea
din
g E
rro
r
Percent of Rated Primary Current
CTL-1250 Series Typical Accuracy
CTL-1250-250 Opt C06
CTL-1250-400 Opt C06
-100deg
-075deg
-050deg
-025deg
000deg
025deg
050deg
075deg
100deg
Pha
se A
ngle
Deg
rees
Percent of Rated Primary Current
CTL-1250 Series Typical Phase Error
CTL-1250-250 Opt C06
CTL-1250-400 Opt C06
01 1 10 100 200
bull Graphs show typical performance at 23degC 60 Hz
bull Graph shows a positive phase angle when the
output leads the primary current
CTL-51013 Specifications are subject to change
Patent pending
317(805)
130(330)
368(937)327
(830)
138(350)
114(289)
125(317)
Dimensions in inches(millimeters)
New
Continental Control Systems LLC
PatPatent pee
Minimum System Requirements
Software USB cableUSB bl S ft
Flexible Accurate 4-channel Analog Logger
HOBO UX120 4-Channel Analog Logger
Key Advantages
bull Twice the accuracy over previous models bull 16-bit resolutionbull Flexible support for a wide range of external sensorsbull LCD confirms logger operation and displays near real-time measurement databull Provides minimum maximum average and standard deviation logging optionsbull On-screen alarms notify you when a sensor reading exceeds set thresholdsbull Stores 19 million measurements for longer deployments between offloads
The HOBO UX120-006M Analog Logger is a high-performance LCD display data logger for building performance monitoring applications As Onsetrsquos highest-accuracy data logger it provides twice the accuracy of previous models a deployment-friendly LCD and flexible support up to four external sensors for measuring temperature current CO2 voltage and more
Supported Measurements Temperature 4-20mA AC Current AC Voltage Air Velocity Carbon Dioxide Compressed Air Flow DC Current DC Voltage Gauge Pressure Kilowatts Volatile Organic Compound (sensors sold separately)
USB cable included with software
For complete information and accessories please visit wwwonsetcompcom
Part number UX120-006M (4-Channel Analog)
Memory 19 MillionLogging Rate 1 second to 18 hours user selectableLogging Modes Normal Burst StatisticsMemory Modes Wrap when full or stop when fullTime Accuracy plusmn1 minute per month at 25degC (77degF)Battery Life 1 year typical with logging rate of 1 minute and sampling interval of 15 seconds or greater user replaceable 2 AAADimensions 108 x 541 x 254 cm (425 x 213 x 1 in)Operating Range Logging -20deg to 70degC (-4deg to 158degF) 0 to 95 RH (non-condensing)Accuracy plusmn01 mV plusmn01 of readingCE Compliant Yes
Log type J K T E R S B or N thermocouplesHOBOreg UX120 4-Channel Thermocouple Logger
Supported Measurements Temperature
Minimum System Requirements
Software USB cableUSB bl S ft
For complete information and accessories please visit wwwonsetcompcom
Part number UX120-014M (Thermocouple)
Internal TemperatureRange -20deg to 70degC (-4deg to 158degF)Accuracy plusmn021degC from 0deg to 50degC (plusmn038degF from 32deg to 122degF)Resolution 0024degC at 25degC (004degF at 77degF)Drift lt01degC (018degF) per year
LoggerLogging Rate 1 second to 18 hours 12 minutes 15 secondsLogging Modes Normal Burst StatisticsMemory Modes Wrap when full or stop when fullTime Accuracy plusmn1 minute per month at 25degC (77degF)Battery Life 1 year typical with logging rate of 1 minute and sampling interval of 15 seconds or greater user replaceable 2 AAADimensions 108 x 541 x 254 cm (425 x 213 x 1 in)Operating Range Logging -20deg to 70degC (-4deg to 158degF) 0 to 95 RH (non-condensing)CE Compliant Yes
Thermocouple Range Accuracy Resolution(probes sold separately) Type J -210deg to 760degC (-346deg to 1400degF) plusmn06degC (plusmn108degF) plusmn thermocouple probe accuracy 003degC (006degF)Type K -260deg to 1370degC (-436deg to 2498degF) plusmn07degC (plusmn126degF) plusmn thermocouple probe accuracy 004degC (007degF)Type T -260deg to 400degC (-436deg to 752degF) plusmn06degC (plusmn108degF) plusmn thermocouple probe accuracy 002degC (003degF)Type E -260deg to 950degC (-436deg to 1742degF) plusmn06degC (plusmn108degF) plusmn thermocouple probe accuracy 003degC at (005degF)Type R -50deg to 1550degC (-58deg to 2822degF) plusmn22degC (plusmn396degF) plusmn thermocouple probe accuracy 008degC (015degF)Type S -50deg to 1720degC (-58deg to 3128degF) plusmn22degC (plusmn396degF) plusmn thermocouple probe accuracy 008degC (015degF)Type B +60deg to 1820degC (1022deg to 3308degF) plusmn25degC (plusmn45degF) plusmn thermocouple probe accuracy 01degC (018F)Type N -260deg to 1300degC (-436deg to 2372degF) plusmn10degC (plusmn18degF) plusmn thermocouple probe accuracy 006degC (011degF)
USB cable included with software
Key Advantages
bull Easy-to-view LCD display confirms logger operation and battery statusbull Near real-time readout of current temperatures as well as minimum maximum average and standard deviation statisticsbull On-screen alarms notify you if temperatures exceed high or low thresholdsbull Large memory capacity capable of storing 19 million measurementsbull Start stop and restart pushbuttonsbull User-upgradeable firmware
The HOBO UX120 Thermocouple Logger is a four-channel LCD data logger for measuring and recording temperature in a range of monitoring applications The logger makes it easy and convenient to record temperatures over a broad range (-260 to 1820deg C) and can accept up to four J K T E R S B or N type probes In addition to accepting four thermocouple probes the logger features an internal temperature sensor for logging ambient temperatures further extending the application possibilities
Log pulse signals events state changes and runtimesHOBOreg UX120 Pulse Logger
Key Advantages
bull Simultaneously measures and records pulse signals events state changes and runtimesbull Stores over 4 million measurements enabling longer deployments with fewer site visitsbull Streamlines deployment via range of startstop options logger status LEDs and high-speed USB 20 data offloadbull Works with Onsetrsquos E50B2 Power amp Energy Meter to measure Power Factor Reactive Power Watt Hours and more
The HOBO UX120 4-Channel Pulse data logger is a highly versatile 4-channel energy data logger that combines the functionality of four separate energy loggers into one compact unit It enables energy management professionals ndash from energy auditors to building commissioners ndash to easily track building energy consumption equipment runtimes and water and gas flow rates
Supported Measurements Pulse Signals Event Runtime State AC Current AC Voltage Amp Hour Kilowatt Hours Kilowatts Motor OnOff Power Factor Volt-Amps Watt Hours Watts Volt-Amp Reactive Volt-Amp Reactive Hour
Minimum System Requirements
Software USB cable SensorUSB bl S ft S
Part number UX120-017 UX120-017M
Memory 520000 measurements 4000000 measurementsSampling rate 1 second to 18 hoursBattery life 1 year typical user replaceable 2 AAExternal contact Input Electronic solid state switch closure or logic driven digital signals to 24VMax pulse frequency 120 HzMax state event runtime frequency 1 Hz
Resolution Pulse 1 pulse Runtime 1 second State and Event 1 state or eventBits 4 - 32 bits depending on pulse rate and logging intervalLockout time 0 to 1 second in 100 ms stepsOperating temperature range Logging -40ordm to 70ordmC (-40ordm to 158ordmF) 0 to 95 RH (non-condensing)
Dimensions 114 x 63 x 33 cm (45 x 25 x 13 inches)CE compliant Yes
USB cable included with software
For complete information and accessories please visit wwwonsetcompcom
Copyrightcopy 2013 Onset Computer Corporation All rights reserved Onset HOBO HOBOware are registered trademarks of Onset Computer Corporation Other products and brand names may be trademarks or registered trademarks of their respective owners Patented technology (US Patent 6826664) MKT1049-0813
Technical Support (8am to 8pm ET Monday through Friday) wwwonsetcompcomsupportcontact Call 1-877-564-4377
Contact Us Sales (8am to 5pm ET Monday through Friday) Email salesonsetcompcom Call 1-800-564-4377 Fax 1-508-759-9100
HOBOreg 4-Channel Pulse Input Data Logger (UX120-017x) Manual
14638-E
The HOBO 4-Channel Pulse Input data logger records electronic pulses and mechanical or electrical contact closures from external sensing devices Using HOBOwarereg you can easily configure each of its four channels to monitor and record pulse event state or runtime data in a wide variety of applications including tracking building energy consumption monitoring mechanical equipment and recording water and gas flow rates Plus when combined with the E50B2 Energy amp Power Meter (T-VER-E50B2) this logger provides extensive power and energy monitoring capabilities There are two models of the HOBO 4-Channel Pulse Input data logger the UX120-017 stores more than 500000 measurements while the UX120-017M holds more than 4000000 measurements
Specifications Inputs
External Contact Input Electronic solid state switch closure or logic driven digital signals to 24 V
Maximum Pulse Frequency 120 Hz
Maximum State Event Runtime Frequency
1 Hz
Bits 4ndash32 bits depending on pulse rate and logging interval
Maximum Pulses Per Interval
7863960 (using maximum logging rate)
Driven Logic Signal Input Low 04 V Input High 3 to 24 V
Absolute Maximum Rating Maximum Voltage 25 V DC Minimum Voltage -03 V DC
Solid State Switch Closure Input Low lt 10 K Input High gt 500 K
Internal Weak Pull-Up 100 K
Input Impedance Solid state switch closure 100 K pull up Driven signal 45 K
Minimum Pulse Width Contact closure duration 500 uS Driven logic signal 100 uS
Lockout Time 0 to 1 second in 100 ms steps
Edge Detection Falling edge Schmitt Trigger buffer
Preferred Switch State Normally open or Logic ldquo1rdquo state
Logging
Resolution Pulse 1 pulse Runtime 1 second State and Event 1 State or Event
Logging Rate 1 second to 18 hours 12 minutes 15 seconds
Time Accuracy plusmn1 minute per month at 25degC (77degF) (see Plot A on next page)
Battery Life 1 year typical with logging intervals greater than 1 minute and normally open contacts
Battery Type Two AA alkaline or lithium batteries
Memory
Memory UX120-017 520192 measurements (assumes 8-bit) UX120-017M 4124672 measurements (assumes 8-bit)
Download Type USB 20 interface
Download Time 30 seconds for UX120-017 15 minutes for UX120-017M
Physical
Operating Range Logging -40deg to 70degC (-40deg to 158degF) 0 to 95 RH (non-condensing) LaunchReadout 0deg to 50degC (32deg to 122degF) per USB specification
Weight 149 g (526 oz)
Size 114 x 63 x 33 cm (45 x 25 x 13 inches)
Environmental Rating IP50
The CE Marking identifies this product as complying with all relevant directives in the European Union (EU)
HOBO 4-Channel Pulse Input Data Logger
Models UX120-017 UX120-017M
Included Items bull 4 Mounting screws bull 2 Magnets bull Hook amp loop tape bull 4 Terminal block connectors
Required Items bull HOBOware Pro 32 or later bull USB cable (included with
software)
Accessories bull Additional terminal blocks
(A-UX120-TERM-BLOCK) bull Lithium batteries (HWSB-LI)
Additional sensors and accessories available at wwwonsetcompcom
HOBO 4-Channel Pulse Input Data Logger Manual
1-800-LOGGERS 2 wwwonsetcompcom
Specifications (continued)
Plot A Time Accuracy
Logger Components and Operation
StartStop Button Press this button for 3 seconds to start or stop logging data This requires configuring the logger in HOBOware with a Button Start andor a Button Stop (see Setting up the Logger) You can also press this button for 1 second to record an internal event (see Recording Internal Logger Events)
LEDs There are three types of LEDs on the logger to indicate logger operation Logging Waiting and Activity Note that all LEDs will blink when the logger is initially powered (ie when the batteries are installed)
LED Description Logging (green)
Blinks every 2 seconds when the logger is recording data Disable this LED by selecting the Turn Off LEDs option in HOBOware
Waiting (orange)
Blinks every 2 seconds when awaiting a start because the logger was configured with Start At Interval Delayed Start or Button Start settings in HOBOware
Activity (red)
There is one Activity LED per input channel Press the Test button to activate all four Activity LEDs for 10 minutes to determine the state of the four input channels When the logger is recording data the Activity LED for the corresponding channel will blink at every pulse signal Note If you press the Test button during logging then the Activity LED will remain illuminated for any channel that has not been configured to record data
Inputs There are 4 input channels to connect the logger to external sensorsdevices
Terminal Blocks There are 4 terminal blocks included with the logger to plug into the inputs for connecting devices
Test Button Press this button to activate the Activity Lights for 10 minutes to test for contact resistance or voltage signal in any of the four input channels (see the LED table)
Mounting Holes There are four mounting holes two on each side that you can use to mount the logger to a surface (see Mounting the Logger)
USB Port This is the port used to connect the logger to the computer or the HOBO U-Shuttle via USB cable (see Setting up the Logger and Reading Out the Logger)
Setting Up the Logger Use HOBOware Pro to set up the logger including selecting the start and stop logging options configuring the input channels for specific sensor types and entering scaling factors It may be helpful to set up the logger with a Delayed Start or a Button Start first and then bring it to the location where you will mount it to connect the external sensorsdevices and test the connections before logging begins
1 Connect the logger and open the Launch window To connect the logger to a computer plug the small end of the USB cable into the side of the logger and the large end into a USB port on the computer Click the Launch icon on the HOBOware toolbar or select Launch from the Device menu
Important USB specifications do not guarantee operation outside this range of 0degC (32degF) to 50degC (122degF)
2 Select Sensor Type Each of the input channels can be configured to log the following
bull Pulse This records the number of pulse signals per logging interval (the logger records a pulse signal when the input transitions to the logic low) There are built-in scaling factors you can select for supported devices and sensors or you can set your own scaling when you select raw pulse counts You can also adjust the maximum pulse frequency and lockout time as necessary
bull State This records how long an event lasts by storing the date and time when the state of the signal or switch changes (logic state high to low or low to high) The logger checks every second for a state change but will only record a time-stamped value when the state change occurs One state change to the next represents the event duration
bull Event This records the date and time when a connected relay switch or logic low transition occurs (the logger records an event when the input transitions to the logic low) This is useful if you need to know when an event occurred but do not need to know the duration of the event You can also adjust the lockout time to debounce switches
bull Runtime This records the number of state changes that happen over a period of time The logger checks the state of the line once a second At the end of each logging
LEDs StartStop Button
USB Port
Inputs
One of Four Terminal Blocks Test Button Mounting Holes
HOBO 4-Channel Pulse Input Data Logger Manual
1-800-LOGGERS 3 wwwonsetcompcom
interval the logger records how many seconds the line was in the logic low state
3 Choose the logging interval from 1 second to a maximum of 18 hours 12 minutes and 15 seconds (available for Pulse or Runtime logging only)
4 Choose when to start logging
bull Now Logging begins immediately
bull At Interval Logging will begin at the next even interval
bull Push Button Logging will begin once you press the StartStop logging button for 3 seconds
bull On DateTime Logging will begin at a date and time you specify
5 Choose when to stop logging
bull When Memory Fills Logging will end once the logger memory is full
bull Never (wrapping) The logger will record data indefinitely with newest data overwriting the oldest
bull Push Button Logging will end once you press the StartStop logging button for 3 seconds Note If you also configured a Push Button start then you must wait 5 minutes after logging begins before you can use the button to stop logging
bull Specific Stop Date Logging will end at a date and time you specify
6 Select any other logging options as desired and finish the launch configuration Depending on the start type verify that the logging or waiting LED is blinking
Connecting Sensors Transducers or Instruments to the Logger You can connect the logger to an external sensing device using the four input channels To connect a device to the logger
1 Follow the instructions and wiring diagrams in the user manual for the device
2 Connect the device to the terminal block as directed in the device instructions
3 Plug in the terminal block into one of the four inputs (labeled 1 through 4)
4 Press the Test button as needed to activate the Activity LEDs and check whether the logger reads the pulse signal
5 Configure logger launch settings if you have not already
Notes
bull Be sure that all devices are connected before logging begins Any sensorsdevices attached after logging begins will not record accurate data
bull If connecting an E50B2 Energy amp Power Meter (T-VER-E50B2) you have the option to use the default meter settings or your own custom settings
bull If any channels have been configured to record raw pulse counts or events in HOBOware there is also an option to specify lockout time This can prevent false readings from mechanical contactclosure bouncing For more information on setting lockout time see the HOBOware Help
Determining Logging Duration for EventState Data The loggerrsquos storage capacity and logging duration varies depending on several factors including logging interval number of channels configured and the type of data being recorded This table estimates the logging duration based on recording event or state changes on one input channel with logging set to stop when the memory is full To estimate logging duration for multiple event or state channels divide the logging duration by the number of active channels If you want to know exactly how long the logger will run use pulse or runtime modes
Time Between Events
Approximate Total Data Points
Approximate Logging Duration (1 Year Battery Life)
Logger Part Number
1 to 15 seconds
346795 4 to 60 days UX120-017
2749781 32 days to 13 years UX120-017M
16 seconds to 42 minutes
260096 48 days to 21 years UX120-017
2062336 1 to 166 years UX120-017M
43 to 682 minutes
208077 16 to 27 years UX120-017
1649869 13 to 214 years UX120-017M
683 minutes to 182 hours
173397 225 to 360 years UX120-017
1374891 178 to 285 decades UX120-017M
Notes
bull Typical battery life is 1 year
bull The logger can record battery voltage data in an additional channel This is disabled by default Recording battery voltage reduces storage capacity and is generally not used except for troubleshooting
Setting Maximum Pulse Frequency When recording raw pulse counts the logger dynamically adjusts its memory usage from 4 to 32 bits instead of a typical fixed width This results in the ability to store more data using less space which in turn extends logging duration The default pulse rate is 120 Hz which is also the maximum You can adjust this rate in HOBOware (see the HOBOware Help for details) Decreasing the rate will increase logging duration The following table shows examples of how pulse rate and logging interval affect logging duration
Logging Interval
Pulse Rate (Hz)
Number of Bits Required
Approximate Total Data Points
Approximate Logging Duration
1 minute 4 8 520192 361 days
1 minute 50 12 346795 240 days
1 minute 120 16 260096 180 days
Reading Out the Logger There are two options for reading out the logger connect it to the computer with a USB cable and read out it with HOBOware or connect it to a HOBO U-Shuttle (U-DT-1 firmware version 114m030 or higher) and then offload the datafiles from the
HOBO 4-Channel Pulse Input Data Logger Manual
1-800-LOGGERS (564-4377) bull 508-759-9500 wwwonsetcompcom bull loggerhelponsetcompcom
copy 2011ndash2013 Onset Computer Corporation All rights reserved Onset HOBO and HOBOware are trademarks or registered trademarks of Onset Computer Corporation All other trademarks are the property of their respective companies
14638-E
U-Shuttle to HOBOware Refer to the HOBOware Help for more details
Recording Internal Logger Events The logger records several internal events to help track logger operation and status These events which are unrelated to state and event logging include the following
Internal Event Name Definition
Host Connected The logger was connected to the computer
Started The StartStop button was pressed to begin logging
Stopped The logger received a command to stop recording data (from HOBOware or by pushing the StartStop button)
Button UpButton Down
The StartStop button was pressed for 1 second
Safe Shutdown The battery level is 18 V the logger shut down
Mounting the Logger There are three ways to mount the logger using the materials included
bull Screw the logger to a surface with a Phillips-head screwdriver and the four mounting screws using the following dimensions
bull Attach the two magnets to the back of the logger and
then place the logger on a magnetic surface
bull Use the hook-and-loop tape to affix the logger to a surface
Protecting the Logger The logger is designed for indoor use and can be permanently damaged by corrosion if it gets wet Protect it from condensation If it gets wet remove the battery immediately and dry the circuit board It is possible to dry the logger with a hair dryer before reinstalling the battery Do not let the board get too hot You should be able to comfortably hold the board in your hand while drying it
Note Static electricity may cause the logger to stop logging The logger has been tested to 4 KV but avoid electrostatic
discharge by grounding yourself to protect the logger For more information search for ldquostatic dischargerdquo in the FAQ section on onsetcompcom
Battery Information The logger is shipped with two AA alkaline batteries You can also use 15 V AA lithium batteries when deploying the logger in cold environments Expected battery life varies based on the temperature where the logger is deployed and the frequency (the logging interval and the rate of state changes andor events) at which the logger is recording data A new battery typically lasts one year with logging intervals greater than one minute and when the input signals are normally open or in the high logic state Deployments in extremely cold or hot temperatures logging intervals faster than one minute or continuously closed contacts may reduce battery life The logger can also be powered through the USB cable connected to the computer This allows you to read out the logger when the remaining battery voltage is too low for it to continue logging Connect the logger to the computer click the Readout button on the toolbar and save the data as prompted Replace the batteries before launching the logger again To replace the batteries
1 Disconnect the logger from the computer
2 Unscrew the logger case using a Philips-head screwdriver
3 Carefully remove the two batteries
4 Insert two new AA batteries (alkaline or lithium) observing polarity When batteries are inserted correctly all LEDs blink briefly
5 Carefully realign the logger case and re-fasten the screws
WARNING Do not cut open incinerate heat above 85degC (185degF) or recharge the lithium batteries The batteries may explode if the logger is exposed to extreme heat or conditions that could damage or destroy the battery cases Do not dispose of the logger or batteries in fire Do not expose the contents of the batteries to water Dispose of the batteries according to local regulations for lithium batteries
HOBOware provides the option of recording the current battery voltage at each logging interval which is disabled by default Recording battery life at each logging interval takes up memory and therefore reduces logging duration It is recommended you only record battery voltage for diagnostic purposes
457 cm (18 inches)
1016 cm (4 inches)
The Bertreg 110 M
Plug Load Management with Measurement
If yoursquore like most facility managers you suspect that there are large potential savings from plug based loads Unfortunately you lack an easy way to document actual energy usage and savings The Bertreg Plug Load Management System with measurement‐enabled Bertreg 110M units is a brilliant solution
Measure energy use with Bertrsquos real‐time measurement features
Analyze energy use establishing optimal schedules and documenting savings
Control plug based devices throughout your facility
The Plug Load Problem
Studies show that plug based load is a large and growing source of energy use‐ estimated at 20 of energy use for offices and 25 of electricity for schools Yet many schools offices and retail locations are closed for nearly as many hours per year as they are open Bertreg provides the simple sophisticated tools to turn equipment on when buildings are occupied and off when theyrsquore not
How Bertreg Works
Each Bertreg contains a microprocessor that can communicate with the Bertbrain 1000 control software across your wireless network Bertreg can store 7‐day onoff schedules with multiple onoff commands each day This allows you to set schedules that mirror the actual operating hours of your facility and easily modify schedules throughout the year
Measure Analyze and Control
The Bertreg 110M features an energy
measurement chip that monitors the amount of
power flowing through the plug and reports this
information back to the Bertbrain 1000M
software program The measurement feature
allows you to know the actual energy
consumption of your equipment as used in your
facility rather than rely on estimates from
manufacturer spec sheets or industry studies
Load Shedding
Many utilities offer demand management or load shedding programs While you may already
have programs to reduce larger centralized loads such as air conditioning you never had a cost
effective way to add smaller distributed loads until now The Bertreg plug load management
systems makes controlling distributed loads both simple and cost effective Just hook your
water heaters air conditioners and vending machines up to Bert Using our Bertbrain
application you can set up a load shedding group and schedule Now when you have a load
shedding event with the click of a mouse you can easily turn off some or all of your plug load
devices Schedules can be created by groups of devices or type of building you can even cycle
specific buildings or devices for a preset time
ASHRAE 901 and California Title 24 Code Compliance
Since Bertreg provides both measurement and control capabilities in one system the Bertreg Plug
Load Management System helps commercial buildings comply with changes in the CA Title 24
2013 and the ASHRAE 901 2010 and 2013 Energy Codes Did you know the 2010 ASHRAE Code
requires Automatic Receptacle Control for 50 of a buildings receptacles The 2013 ASHRAE
Code requires Electrical Energy Monitoring meaning the receptacle circuits power must be
recorded at least every 15 minutes and reported hourly daily and monthly Similar
requirements are also included in the California Title 24 2013 section titled Electrical Power
Distribution Systems Not only do these code changes apply to new buildings and additions
but alterations to existing buildings such as changing 10 or your lighting load Whether you
are trying to control individual outlets with the Bertreg Smart Plugs or entire circuits with the
Bertreg Inline Series Bert makes ASHRAE 901 and CA Title 24 code compliance both affordable
and efficient
The Bertreg Advantage
Bertreg has many advantages over products such as timers or occupancy sensors Most timers
only hold a single schedule Bertreg can use multiple onoff times that will accurately reflect your
facilityrsquos true operational hours When holidays or summer breaks dictate schedule changes
new schedules are sent to Bertreg with the click of a mouse Since Bertreg is on your network Bertreg
does not have to be reset manually like timers after a power outage Occupancy sensors may
turn vending machines on when your building is unoccupied Your drinks donrsquot need to be
chilled when the cleaning crew or security guard walks by your vending machine at night
Thanks to the simple mass remote control with Bertreg your plug loads can easily be part of a
load shedding or demand curtailment program
The Bertreg Plug Load Management System
The Bertreg Plug Load Management System consists of the Bertbrain 1000 software application
your Wi‐Fi network and a virtually unlimited number of Bertsreg By simply plugging water
coolers coffee machines printers copiers etc into the Bertreg Smart Plug Series (Bertreg 110
Bertreg 110M and Bertreg Vend) or wiring circuits with the Bertreg Inline Series (Bertreg 110I Bertreg
110IR and Bertreg 220I) you can remotely measure analyze and control all of your receptacles
and circuits Bertreg runs on the existing Wi‐Fi network so all devices can be remotely controlled
in mass Each building can have a unique schedule thus turning equipment off during nights
weekends and holidays when buildings are unoccupied The Bertreg Plug Load Management
System installs quickly so energy savings are immediate and payback is 1 to 2 years
Learn more about how K‐12 schools colleges offices hospitals statelocal governments and
retailers are managing plug load with the Bertreg Plug Load Management System by visiting
httpwwwbertbraincom
Measure ‐ Analyze ‐ Control
Best Energy Reduction Technologies 840 First Avenue King of Prussia PA 19406 484‐690‐3820
Bertreg 110M Specifications (CONFIDENTIAL ndash Property of Best Energy Reduction Technologies LLC)
BERT110M_Specs 10-3-13 copy2013 Best Energy Reduction Technologies LLC
Feature Description
Dimensions 35rdquo W x 35rdquo H x 20rdquo D Weight 42 oz Operating Voltage 110 Volts Max Load Current Up to 15A Load Outlets 1 Load Plug Orientation In line with outlet
Push Button Hold 6 Seconds Turns ON Relay Hold 15 Seconds for Ad-Hoc Mode
Measurement Accuracy 5 up to 15 Amps Measurement Display Amps Volts and Watts Every 16 Seconds
Measurement Storage Up to 14 Days on the Unit Up to 3 Years in the Database
Measurement Reporting Hourly Daily Weekly Monthly and Yearly Operating Environment Indoor use
HardwareSoftware 1-Windows PC with Wireless 2-Windows 7 8 or Vista
Communication 80211(Wi-Fi) bg Compatible Protocol UDP Security 80211(WPAWPA2-PSK) (WEP 128) Certifications UL 916 ROHS FCC
PGampErsquos Emerging Technologies Program ET13PGE1063
APPENDIX D ndash ENERGY USE MONITORING RESULTS
All High-Efficacy Lighting Design for the Residential Sector Appendix D Monitored Energy Use Results
Wathen Castanos 1622
Daily load profiles for the lighting loads at the Wathen Castanos 1622 demonstration home are provided below In addition cumulative results over the course of the monitoring period are included Gaps in data are due to network errors Days with missing data were dropped from the analysis resulting in 157 days of monitored energy use spanning November 19 2014 to May 25 2015
The lighting energy use averages 300 kWh per day Extrapolating this average for an assumed usage of 365 days per year results in a calculated annual energy use of 1096 kWh
Figure 1 Total Energy Use for Wathen Castanos 1622 Demonstration Home
000
050
100
150
200
250
300
350
400
450
500
111
920
1411
24
2014
112
920
1412
42
014
129
201
412
27
2014
11
2015
16
2015
111
201
51
162
015
128
201
52
220
152
720
152
122
015
217
201
52
222
015
227
201
53
420
153
920
153
142
015
319
201
53
242
015
329
201
54
320
154
820
154
132
015
418
201
54
232
015
428
201
55
320
155
820
155
132
015
518
201
55
232
015
Daily Lighting Energy Use (kWh)
Figure 2 Weekly Energy Use for Wathen Castanos 1622 Demonstration Home
Figure 3 Energy Use for Mondays
Figure 4 Energy Use of Tuesdays
Figure 5 Energy Use of Wednesdays
Figure 6 Energy Use of Thursdays
Figure 7 Energy Use of Fridays
Figure 8 Energy Use of Saturdays
Figure 9 Energy Use of Sundays
Figure 10 Daily Energy Use over Monitoring Period
NorthWest Homes 2205
Daily lighting load profiles at the NorthWest Homes 2205 demonstration home are provided below In addition cumulative results over the course of the monitoring period are included for the 176 days monitored spanning October 29 2014 to April 20 2015
The lighting energy use averages 124 kWh per day Extrapolating this average for an assumed usage of 365 days per year results in a calculated annual energy use of 4509 kWh
Figure 11 Total Energy Use for NorthWest Homes 2205 Demonstration Home
000
050
100
150
200
250
102
920
1411
32
014
118
201
411
13
2014
111
820
1411
23
2014
112
820
1412
32
014
128
201
412
13
2014
121
820
1412
23
2014
122
820
141
220
151
720
151
122
015
117
201
51
222
015
127
201
52
120
152
620
152
112
015
216
201
52
212
015
226
201
53
320
153
820
153
132
015
318
201
53
232
015
328
201
54
220
154
720
154
122
015
417
201
5
Daily Lighting Energy Use (kWh)
Figure 12 Weekly Cumulative Energy Use for NorthWest Homes 2205 Demonstration Home
Figure 13 Energy Use for Mondays
Figure 14 Energy Use of Tuesdays
Figure 15 Energy Use of Wednesdays
Figure 16 Energy Use of Thursdays
Figure 17 Energy Use of Fridays
Figure 18 Energy Use of Saturdays
Figure 19 Energy Use of Sundays
Figure 20 Energy Use per Day over Monitoring Period Duration
Meritage Homes 3085
Daily load profiles for the ceiling fan and lighting loads at the Meritage 3085 demonstration home are provided below During post-data collection one receptacle was identified as being on the lighting circuit This is included in the 75 days of monitored energy use below spanning January 31 2015 to April 15 2015
The monitored energy use averages 356 kWh per day Extrapolating this average for an assumed usage of 365 days per year results in a calculated annual lighting related energy use of 1300 kWh
Figure 21 Total Energy Use for Meritage 3085 Demonstration Home
0
1
2
3
4
5
6
Daily Lighting Energy Use (kWh)
Figure 22 Weekly Cumulative Energy Use for Meritage 3085 Demonstration Home
Figure 23 Energy Use for Mondays
Figure 24 Energy Use of Tuesdays
Figure 25 Energy Use of Wednesdays
Figure 26 Energy Use of Thursdays
Figure 27 Energy Use of Fridays
Figure 28 Energy Use of Saturdays
Figure 29 Energy Use of Sundays
Figure 30 Energy Use per Day over Monitoring Period Duration
PGampErsquos Emerging Technologies Program ET13PGE1063
TABLES Table 1 Summary Lighting Energy Use of AHE Lighting Systems 2
Table 2 High-efficacy and Low-efficacy Lamps and LuminairesError Bookmark not defined
Table 3 Minimum luminaire efficacy for high-efficacy complianceError Bookmark not defined
Table 4 Residential lighting use by socket percentageError Bookmark not defined
Table 5 Single Family Home AHE Lighting Design 9
Table 6 Multi- Family Home AHE Lighting Design 10
Table 7 Lighting for Residences per IES Handbook 10th Edition 13
Table 8 Photometric Performance Characterization 19
Table 9 Specified Monitoring Equipment 20
Table 10 Wathen Castanos 1622 AHE Lighting Design and Load Reduction over 2008 Title 24 Compliant Design 25
Table 11 NorthWest Homes 2205 AHE Lighting Design and Load Reduction over 2008 Title 24 Compliant Design 27
Table 12 Meritage 3085 AHE Lighting Design and Load Reduction over 2008 Title 24 Compliant Design 30
Table 13 Multi- Family Home AHE Lighting Design and Load Reduction over 2008 Title 24 Compliant Design 32
Table 14 Wathen Castanos 1622 AHE Light Source Cost Information 36
Table 15 NorthWest Homes 2205 AHE Light Source Cost Information 37
Table 16 Meritage 3085 AHE Light Source Cost Information 38
Table 17 Wathen Castanos 1622 Measured Illuminance 46
Table 18 Summary of Calculated and Measured Lighting Energy Use 47
iv
PGampErsquos Emerging Technologies Program ET13PGE1063
CONTENTS ABBREVIATIONS AND ACRONYMS ___________________ ERROR BOOKMARK NOT DEFINED FIGURES ______________________________________ ERROR BOOKMARK NOT DEFINED TABLES _______________________________________ ERROR BOOKMARK NOT DEFINED CONTENTS ____________________________________ ERROR BOOKMARK NOT DEFINED EXECUTIVE SUMMARY ____________________________ ERROR BOOKMARK NOT DEFINED INTRODUCTION __________________________________________________________ 3 BACKGROUND __________________________________________________________ 3 CURRENT BUILDING CODE _________________________________________________ 3 INSTALLED RESIDENTIAL LIGHTING ____________________________________________ 5 CURRENT LIGHTING DESIGN PRACTICES _______________________________________ 6 LIGHTING MARKET SURVEY _________________________________________________ 8 EMERGING PRODUCT _____________________________________________________ 8 TECHNOLOGY ASSESSMENT ________________________________________________ 11 TECHNICAL APPROACH __________________________________________________ 11 MARKET SURVEY ________________________________________________________ 11 SITE SELECTION _________________________________________________________ 12 LIGHTING DESIGN _______________________________________________________ 12 LIGHTING SYSTEM INSTALLATION ____________________________________________ 19 SYSTEM MONITORING ____________________________________________________ 19 PHOTOMETRIC PERFORMANCE _____________________________________________ 19 BUILDER AND HOMEOWNER SURVEY _________________________________________ 20 ENERGY MONITORING ___________________________________________________ 20 DATA PROCESSING AND ANALYSIS __________________________________________ 21 DATA PROCESSING ______________________________________________________ 21 DATA ANALYSIS ________________________________________________________ 22 RESULTS_______________________________________________________________ 23 MARKET SURVEY ________________________________________________________ 23
v
PGampErsquos Emerging Technologies Program ET13PGE1063
LIGHTING DESIGN _______________________________________________________ 23 LIGHTING SYSTEM INSTALLATION ____________________________________________ 32 SYSTEM PERFORMANCE EVALUATION ________________________________________ 39 SURVEY RESPONSES______________________________________________________ 39 SYSTEM MONITORING RESULTS _____________________________________________ 44 RECOMMENDATIONS ____________________________________________________ 55 APPENDIX A ndash SURVEY QUESTIONS __________________________________________ 56 APPENDIX B ndash AHE COMPLIANT PRODUCTS ___________________________________ 59 APPENDIX C ndash MEASUREMENT AND DATA COLLECTION EQUIPMENT SPECIFICATIONS ____ 67 APPENDIX D ndash ENERGY USE MONITORING RESULTS _____________________________ 127
vi
PGampErsquos Emerging Technologies Program ET13PGE1063
EXECUTIVE SUMMARY Current Title 24 Building code requirements call for use of high-efficacy lighting in a limited number of residential space types Builders are allowed to install low efficacy lighting if they also install dimming controls However significant load reduction and energy savings over current code-compliant designs can be achieved through the use of All High-Efficacy (AHE) lighting design practices Currently AHE lighting design practice utilizes application appropriate controls paired with high-quality dimmable light emitting diode (LED) luminaires or GU-24 socketed fixtures paired with GU-24 base LED replacement lamps By current code definition GU-24 base lamps are the only replacement lamps considered high-efficacy while traditional Edison screw-base sockets are considered low-efficacy In addition to limiting the source type to LED only AHE lighting requires a minimum quality standard for interior LED sources requiring a CRI rating of at least 90 and a CCT between 2700 K and 4000 K
PROJECT GOAL This effort identifies best practices for developing a cost-effective AHE residential lighting measure through the evaluation of emerging residential lighting design practices purchasing processes installation practices and the end-user experience associated with AHE lighting To identify the best practices the project team considered current residential lighting products the installed socket base in a typical home industry accepted illuminance recommendations for residential applications and current energy efficiency code compliant design practices
PROJECT DESCRIPTION Emerging residential lighting design practices purchasing processes installation practices and the end-user experience of an AHE lighting system were evaluated through energy monitoring analysis and cost information collected from multiple residential demonstration sites Demonstration data provided a quantitative understanding of the AHE lighting system benefits and barriers and through builder and homeowner surveys a qualitative understanding of the AHE residential lighting measure and user satisfaction
PROJECT RESULTS The California Lighting Technology Center (CLTC) worked with residential home builders to modify their existing lighting designs to include all AHE lighting Based on these lighting designs the estimated residential lighting load reduction achieved by installing AHE lighting packages in new single- and multi-family homes located in PGampE territory is 0 - 61 in comparison to 2008 Title 24 compliant lighting packages provided by participating builders for the same floor plan This ET study started prior to the effective date of the 2013 Title 24 code cycle so this comparison was based on the 2008 Title 24 code In 2010 an average US residence used 1556 kWh annually for lighting with a typical lighting power density of 10 to 14 Watts per square foot A summary of energy use data collected from demonstration sites with AHE lighting systems is provided in Table 1
1
PGampErsquos Emerging Technologies Program ET13PGE1063
TABLE 1 SUMMARY LIGHTING ENERGY USE OF AHE LIGHTING SYSTEMS
Site Livable Square
Footage
Lighting Schedule
Calculated Peak Load (kW)
Measured Peak Lighting Load
(kW)
Lighting Power Density
(LPD)
Calculated Annual Lighting Energy Use
(kWh)
Wathen Castanos 1622 059 046 028 10960
North West Homes 2205 071 062 028 4509
Meritage Homes 3085 112 111 036 13004
The material costs of AHE lighting systems compared to current code compliant lighting systems varied based on residential applications For example the cost of an integrated downlight with housing and trim ring that meets the AHE lighting definition is approximately $36 per unit as compared to the estimated baseline cost of $70 for a compact fluorescent lamp ballast housing and trim ring Both scenarios require equivalent installation costs In addition the cost of AHE lighting components reduced over the course of this project with integrated LED downlights that meet the AHE lighting definition ranging in price from $25 to $50 and LED replacement lamps that meet the AHE lighting definition ranging from $7 to $25 as of the time of this report Builder and homeowner survey results were collected from all three demonstration sites Builder survey results make clear that cost and code requirements are the primary drivers considered during the lighting design process Builder responses note that utility rebate and incentive programs are influential in the lighting design decision making process but less so than Title 24 requirements Compared to other building systems most builders reported lighting as having less than 1 impact on the overall home budget Builders do not anticipate issues regarding end-user adoption of dedicated LED luminaires based on their ldquohigh quality performance and longevity claimsrdquo but do make clear that it is ldquosomewhat difficultrdquo to find Title 24-compliant products for GU-24 integrated LED luminaires quick connect options and track lighting categories in todayrsquos market The majority of the homeowner survey results indicate that the AHE lighting system is either ldquobetterrdquo or ldquothe samerdquo as compared to the lighting in their previous home which was a mixture of linear fluorescent incandescent and compact fluorescent lighting technologies The majority of homeowners were ldquosatisfiedrdquo with the AHE lighting in the kitchen bathroom common living spaces bedrooms and dining room as compared to their previous home Steps were taken to update the lighting to address the ldquoextreme dissatisfactionrdquo with the garage lighting at one demonstration site
PROJECT RECOMMENDATIONS Over the duration of the project the project team identified product availability and cost barriers to the adoption of AHE lighting for residential applications Participating builders unanimously responsed that challenges for builders to be compliant with AHE lighting requirements include the economics associated with AHE lighting products and the limited availability of AHE lighting products that can be quickly purchased at a hardware store For the AHE lighting designs implemented in this study two of the three AHE lighting designs exceeded the typical lighting budget for the builders
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PGampErsquos Emerging Technologies Program ET13PGE1063
Programmatic recommendations to overcome these barriers if enacted will help increase widespread adoption of AHE systems Lighting systems that comply with the AHE definition range in performance and cost These ranges are predominantly linked to the lighting systemrsquos electrical architecture affecting controls compatibility heat transfer and allowable installation locations system efficiency light quality light output and component cost With recent developments in LED technology and electrical architecture Edison-based replacement lamp performance has improved and cost has reduced dramatically
In addition to fixture integrated and GU-24 socket LED lighting solutions it is recommended that the AHE definition include lighting fixtures installed with Edison sockets and shipped with an Edison base source complying with the high-efficacy high-quality requirements If enacted the increased product availability and reduced cost of the Edison-based LED lamps meeting the high-efficacy high-quality requirements will help overcome barriers to the adoption of AHE lighting for residential applications
INTRODUCTION Current California building energy efficiency standards call for use of high-efficacy lighting in most residential space types however additional load reduction and energy savings can be achieved through the use of an All High-Efficacy (AHE) lighting design practice
Currently AHE lighting design practice utilizes application appropriate controls paired with dimmable high-quality high efficacy light emitting diode (LED) luminaires or high-quality high efficacy GU-24 fixtures paired with GU-24 base LED replacement lamps By current code definition GU-24 base lamps are the only replacement lamps considered high-efficacy while traditional Edison screw-base sockets are considered low-efficacy In addition to limiting the source type to LED only AHE lighting requires a minimum quality standard for interior LED sources requiring a CRI of at least 90 and a CCT between 2700 K and 4000 K Future cycles of standards are expected to continue to increase the requirements for high-efficacy lighting The California Energy Commission recently adopted a residential AHE lighting requirement for the 2016 Title 24 update on June 10 2015 In response to increased development and availability of residential AHE lighting products and their potential for energy savings and lighting quality improvement over current code-compliant lighting systems PGampE is interested in gathering data to inform future changes to building and appliance efficiency standards To achieve this goal verification of market availability lighting load reduction energy savings and system performance is needed to support the residential AHE lighting design practice
BACKGROUND CURRENT BUILDING CODE
The California Energy Commission (Commission) estimates its energy efficiency standards have saved Californians over $74 billion in electricity costs since they were first adopted in
3
PGampErsquos Emerging Technologies Program ET13PGE1063
1975 For homeowners energy efficiency helps ensure that a home is affordable to operate both now and in the future Californiarsquos efficiency standards increase the reliability and availability of electricity thus allowing our electrical system to operate in a more stable manner This benefits Californiarsquos economy as well as the health and well-being of all Californians The Commission adopted the 2013 Building Energy Efficiency Standards (Title 24) on May 31 2012 and the Building Standards Commission approved them for publication on January 11 2013 Applications for building permits submitted on or after July 1 2014 must adhere to the 2013 Title 24 language The 2013 Title 24 standards place a strong emphasis on high-efficacy lighting lighting controls and high performance fenestration products It is expected that future code cycles will continue this trend In order to be considered high-efficacy luminaires must be designed to operate with only energy-efficient light sources GU-24 base lamps are the only replacement lamps considered high-efficacy by definition traditional Edison screw-base sockets are considered low-efficacy Per 2013 Title 24 luminaires and lamps listed in Table 2 are considered either high-efficacy or low-efficacy regardless of measured performance
TABLE 2 HIGH-EFFICACY AND LOW-EFFICACY LAMPS AND LUMINAIRES
Low-efficacy High-efficacy
Mercury vapor lamps Pin-based linear fluorescent or CFLs with electronic ballasts
Line-voltage or low-voltage sockets compatible with any kind of incandescent lamps
Pulse-start metal halide lamps
High-efficacy lamps including screw-base CFLs and LED lamps installed in low-efficacy luminaires
High-pressure sodium lamps
Luminaires using LED light sources not certified to the Commission Induction lamps
Track lighting GU-24 sockets rated for CFLs or LED lamps Lighting systems that allow for conversion between high-efficacy and low-efficacy lighting without changing wiring or housing
Luminaires using LED light sources that have been certified to the Energy Commission
Luminaire housings rated by the manufacturer for use with only LED light engines
4
PGampErsquos Emerging Technologies Program ET13PGE1063
Permanently installed luminaires not included in Table 1 may only be considered high-efficacy if they meet the efficacy requirements of Table 3
TABLE 3 MINIMUM LUMINAIRE EFFICACY FOR HIGH-EFFICACY COMPLIANCE
Luminaire Power Rating Minimum Luminaire Efficacy 5 watts or less 30 lumens per watt
Over 5 watts to 15 watts 45 lumens per watt Over 15 watts to 40 watts 60 lumens per watt Over 40 watts 90 lumens per watt
In addition to increasing requirements for high-efficacy lighting in the home the 2013 Title 24 standards set a minimum quality standard for integral LED luminaires and LED light engines These quality standards can be found in the Joint Appendices (JA) Section 81 LED luminaires must have a CRI of at least 90 to be defined as high efficacy Indoor LED luminaires must have a CCT between 2700K and 4000K Outdoor LED luminaires may have any CCT rating between 2700 K and 5000 K
INSTALLED RESIDENTIAL LIGHTING As of 2010 there were a total of 113153000 residences in the United States2 In these residences 62 of lamps were incandescent 23 were CFLs 10 were linear fluorescent 4 were halogen and less than 1 was other luminaire types including LED replacement lamps and integrated LED luminaires3 About 90-95 of these luminaires are considered low-efficacy under 2013 Title 24 These homes used an average of 46 watts per lamp4 and had about 51 lamps per residence5 only 3 lamps per home incorporated dimming controls6 These lights operate for an average of 18 hours per day averaging 1556 kWh of electricity use a year and have a lighting power density between 10 and 14 watts per square foot of interior space7 There are still a very high number of incandescent lamps in use and most CFL lamps are equipped with screw bases and are considered low-efficacy by Title 24 as shown in Table 4
1 California Energy Commission 2013 Building Energy Efficiency Standards httpwwwenergycagovtitle242013standards 2 US DOE 2010 US Lighting Market Characterization pg 37 table 410 httpapps1eereenergygovbuildingspublicationspdfsssl2010-lmc-final-jan-2012pdf 3 US DOE 2010 US Lighting Market Characterization pg 39 table 412 httpapps1eereenergygovbuildingspublicationspdfsssl2010-lmc-final-jan-2012pdf 4 US DOE 2010 US Lighting Market Characterization pg 40 table 413 httpapps1eereenergygovbuildingspublicationspdfsssl2010-lmc-final-jan-2012pdf 5 US DOE 2010 US Lighting Market Characterization pg 42 table 415 httpapps1eereenergygovbuildingspublicationspdfsssl2010-lmc-final-jan-2012pdf 6 US DOE Residential Lighting End-Use Consumption Study pg 48 table 46 httpapps1eereenergygovbuildingspublicationspdfsssl2012_residential-lighting-studypdf 7 US DOE 2010 US Lighting Market Characterization pg 42 table 415 httpapps1eereenergygovbuildingspublicationspdfsssl2010-lmc-final-jan-2012pdf
5
PGampErsquos Emerging Technologies Program ET13PGE1063
TABLE 4 RESIDENTIAL LIGHTING USE BY SOCKET PERCENTAGE
Room Type Electricity
use per room (kWhyr)
Incandescent CFL Linear
Fluorescent Halogen Other
Total Sockets per Home ()8
Bathroom 242 74 20 3 2 1 18
LivingFamily Room 228 61 29 3 5 1 14
Bedroom 222 67 28 2 3 0 16
Kitchen 215 45 23 22 7 3 13
Exterior 214 59 24 2 14 2 11
Hall 111 72 22 2 4 1 8
Dining Room 105 81 15 1 3 0 6
Garage 69 35 13 51 1 0 5
Office 41 58 27 8 6 0 4
Closet 32 60 20 17 2 0 NA
Basement 28 40 30 28 1 0 NA
OtherUnknown 26 53 17 24 6 0 5
LaundryUtility Room 25 50 19 28 2 0 NA
Current estimates expect a 122 annual growth rate for the square footage of residences9 LEDs are expected to expand their market presence representing 25 of the installed base of lumen-hours by 2020 and 62 by 203010
While the 2013 Title 24 standards are a significant step toward the AHE lighting home there are still allowances for low-efficacy lighting solutions As a result traditional low-efficacy lighting technologies remain a viable option for builders despite rising market availability and performance of high-efficacy solutions Future cycles of Title 24 are expected to continue to increase the requirements for high-efficacy lighting potentially moving to an AHE lighting design
CURRENT LIGHTING DESIGN PRACTICES The project team surveyed residential builders lighting designers and electrical distributors with businesses in PGampE territory to assess the current and anticipated lighting design practices being implemented in residential new construction for the period from 2013 to 2016
Participants in the survey include James Benya of Benya Burnett Consultancy Pam Whitehead of Sage Architecture Katie Lesh of Lumenscom and Adele Chang of Lim Chang Rohling amp Associates The trends gathered in the survey are outlined below
8 Energy Star CFL Market Profile Page 23 Table 11 httpwwwenergystargoviaproductsdownloadsCFL_Market_Profile_2010pdf 9 Navigant Consulting Energy Savings Potential of Solid State Lighting in General Illumination Applications pg 6 httpapps1eereenergygovbuildingspublicationspdfssslssl_energy_savi_ntial_finalpdf 10 US DOE Energy Savings Potential of Solid State Lighting in General Illumination Applications pg 39 httpapps1eereenergygovbuildingspublicationspdfssslssl_energy-savings-report_jan-2012pdf
6
PGampErsquos Emerging Technologies Program ET13PGE1063
bull In most production style homes designers anticipate gradual change out from CFL to LED Today there is a mix of fluorescent and LED being installed as the LED price point is falling
bull Designers anticipate increasing market penetration for LEDs for segments of residential population focused on improved color rendition in interior and exterior applications
bull LED solutions are installed mostly in ambient interior lighting applications such as down lights under cabinet lighting and cove lighting
o High-end homes are more likely to specify four-inch aperture down lights o Built-in lighting fixtures such as down lights are also commonly found in
multi-tenant units as a space saving feature or as an upgrade in single family homes
bull LED solutions are also installed today in niche interior accent lighting such as handrails displays toe kicks
bull LED solutions are installed today in some outdoor applications such as tree up-lights bollards integrated step lights in-water lighting hardscape outlining and other niche lighting
bull LED solutions are trending towards color changing capabilities bull Lighting control systems are becoming prevalent in high-end housing with wireless
solutions allowing for more retrofit market penetration bull From distributorrsquos perspective LEDs are the top seller for todayrsquos residential market bull From the designerrsquos perspective LEDs rarely gets specified due to high price point
7
PGampErsquos Emerging Technologies Program ET13PGE1063
LIGHTING MARKET SURVEY The project team completed a product survey and review of current market information to determine the feasibility of implementing an AHE lighting design using existing AHE technologies The lighting fixtures included in this report are appropriate for various space types in the residential application as determined by lighting design principles to achieve application appropriate light levels A sample of lighting fixtures fulfilling the AHE definition (as of September 2014) are included in Appendix B Types of lighting fixtures included are ceiling-mounted recessed ceiling-mounted surface ceiling-mounted suspended wall mounted under cabinet and vanity
EMERGING PRODUCT The AHE lighting design practice utilizes application appropriate controls paired with dimmable light emitting diode (LED) fixtures or GU-24 socketed fixtures paired with GU-24 base LED replacement lamps By current code definition GU-24 base lamps are the only replacement lamps considered high-efficacy while traditional Edison screw-base sockets are considered low-efficacy In addition to limiting the source type to LED only AHE lighting requires a minimum quality standard for interior LED sources requiring a CRI of at least 90 and a CCT between 2700 K and 4000 K Based on floor plans provided by participating builders and results from the lighting product market survey the project team modeled AHE lighting designs to demonstrate the potential for an all AHE lighting design to meet lighting requirements and deliver energy savings as compared to current code-compliant lighting systems The project team conducted design charrettes for both single family (1870 square feet) and multi-family (605 square feet) homes The resulting AHE lighting packages are provided in Table 5 and Table 6 respectively These packages represent a sample of emerging products currently available to meet the AHE requirements
8
PGampErsquos Emerging Technologies Program ET13PGE1063
TABLE 5 SINGLE FAMILY HOME AHE LIGHTING DESIGN
Space Type AHE Fixture Fixture Load (W)
Quantity Total Load (W)
Kitchen Cree CR6 12 6 72
Under cabinet
Unilume 18 2 36
85 1 85
Nook Philips LED Chandelier 225 1 225
Pantry Cree CR6 12 1 12
Great Room Cree CR6 12 4 48
Entry Cree CR6 12 2 24
Hallways Cree CR6 12 3 36
Office Cree CR6 12 1 12
Bathroom 2 GU-24 Vanity with Illumis
Lamps 137 3 411
Water Closet Cree CR6 12 1 12
Bedroom 2 Cree CR6 12 2 24
Bedroom 3 Cree CR6 12 2 24
Coat Closet Cree CR6 12 1 12
Utility Room Cree CS14 38 1 38
Garage Cree CS14 38 1 38
Porch Cree CR6 12 6 72
Exterior Wall Sconce Borden 774 LED 14 4 56
Master Bedroom Cree CR6 12 4 48
Master Closet Cree CS14 38 1 38
Master Bathroom
GU-24 Vanity with Illumis
Lamps 137 3 411
Cree CR6 12 2 24
Water Closet Cree CR6 12 1 12
TOTAL 7512
9
PGampErsquos Emerging Technologies Program ET13PGE1063
TABLE 6 MULTI- FAMILY HOME AHE LIGHTING DESIGN
Space Type AHE Fixture
Fixture Load (W)
Fixture Quantity
Total Load (W)
Kitchen Cree CR6 12 4 48
Dining Philips Ledino Pendant
225 1 225
Entry Cree CR6 12 1 12
Bath GU-24 Vanity with Illumis
Lamps 137 3 411
Cree CR6 12 1 12
Exterior Wall Sconce Borden 774 14 1 14
TOTAL (W) 1496
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PGampErsquos Emerging Technologies Program ET13PGE1063
TECHNOLOGY ASSESSMENT
The project team evaluated the residential lighting design purchasing process installation and end-user experience associated with AHE lighting systems through quantitative and qualitative analysis The technical approach employs the use of a product and market survey field deployments in PGampE territory and demonstration system performance evaluations Builder and homeowner end-user surveys provided a qualitative understanding of the AHE lighting measure and user satisfaction The quantitative evaluation included energy monitoring and cost information collection for AHE lighting systems installed at the residential demonstration sites In addition this report includes identified barriers and required next steps necessary for development of energy efficiency programs targeting residential lighting energy savings
TECHNICAL APPROACH This effort identifies best practices for developing a cost-effective AHE residential lighting measure through the evaluation of emerging residential lighting design practices purchasing processes installation practices and the end-user experience associated with AHE lighting The project team considered the following criteria to identify the best practices current residential lighting market offerings industry accepted illuminance recommendations for residential applications current energy efficiency code compliant design practices and installed sockets in the typical residential home The project team installed AHE lighting systems in three new homes where builder and homeowner feedback was gathered regarding the lighting The project team collected lighting system performance and energy use data
The project team conducted the technical approach to evaluate the AHE lighting system in six parts the confirmation of commercially available AHE lighting products through a market survey demonstration site selection development of AHE lighting designs for selected demonstration sites installation of AHE lighting systems at demonstration sites monitoring of AHE lighting system performance and the reduction and analysis of the collected performance data
MARKET SURVEY The project team implemented a survey to collect current market information regarding the feasibility of implementing an AHE lighting design with commercially available lighting products Steps were taken to review all publically available residential lighting manufacturer literature through dialogues with manufacturers about their current and future AHE lighting product offerings examination of manufacturer websites and discussions with distributors in PGampE territory The project team updated the fixture survey over the course
11
PGampErsquos Emerging Technologies Program ET13PGE1063
of this effort allowing for analysis of cost and performance trends of AHE lighting products A copy of the complete market survey is provided in the appendices
SITE SELECTION Davis Energy Group (DEG) identified residential builders in PGampE territory during the summer of 2013 DEG used the following methods to identify builder candidates and encourage participation webinar presentation of opportunity to PGampE California Advanced Home Program (CAHP) builders and other attendees leveraging DEGrsquos participation in LEED for Homes in California and DOE Building America to discuss participation with other member organizations and outreach activities with the builder utility and code compliance community Of the identified builders the project team prioritized those who were willing to install AHE lighting systems and participate in the associated installation survey experience The project team required participating builders to sell select AHE homes to homeowners willing to comply with up to one year of site monitoring and participation in a survey to evaluate their satisfaction with the AHE lighting system The project team incentivized builders who adhered to these criteria to install the AHE lighting systems Builders provided electrical plans to the project team to allow for the AHE lighting system design update At the time of the design builders submitted plans that adhered to 2008 Title 24 code requirements Residential builders that declined to participate in advanced measures including AHE lighting systems for their new construction homes cited varying reasons including concern that the systems would be a lsquodistractionrsquo no interest in new building methods and not being lsquokeen on utility programsrsquo One builder provided insight into the industry as of July 7 2013 saying ldquoUnderstand that the timing of this could not be worse for you with new home construction on the rebound ALL builders are stretched at the moment and labor and material shortages are starting to hit across the nation
LIGHTING DESIGN Using lighting design software (AGi32) to create a model of a two-story home the project team simulated AHE lighting system performance to confirm that it could provide application appropriate illumination levels The project team referenced the Illuminating Engineering Society (IES) recommended light levels for this work by space type per IES Handbook 10th Edition shown in Table 7 Wathen Castanos Hybrid Homes Inc a builder participant in this study provided the representative two-story floor plans shown in Figures 1 and 2 Figure 3 shows a typical floor plan for a one-story home also provided by Wathen Castanos Hybrid Homes Inc
12
PGampErsquos Emerging Technologies Program ET13PGE1063
TABLE 7 LIGHTING FOR RESIDENCES PER IES HANDBOOK 10TH EDITION
Application and Task
Horizontal Illuminance
Target (Avg fc)
Vertical Illuminance
Target (Avg fc)
Notes
Living Room 3 3 E_h floor
E_v 4AFF
Dining Room
Formal 5 2 E_h table plane E_v 4AFF
Informal 10 4 E_h table plane E_v 4AFF
Study Use 20 5 E_h table plane E_v 4AFF
Kitchen
Breakfast Area 20 5 E_h eating surfaces
E_v 4AFF
Cabinets - 5 E_v face of cabinets
Cooktops 30 5 E_h cooking surfaces
General 5 - E_h floor
Preparation Counters 50 75 E_h prep surfaces
Sinks 30 5 E_h top of sink
13
PGampErsquos Emerging Technologies Program ET13PGE1063
FIGURE 1 TYPICAL FIRST FLOOR ELECTRICAL PLAN OF A TWO-STORY HOME
14
PGampErsquos Emerging Technologies Program ET13PGE1063
FIGURE 2 TYPICAL SECOND FLOOR ELECTRICAL PLAN OF A TWO-STORY HOME
15
PGampErsquos Emerging Technologies Program ET13PGE1063
FIGURE 3 TYPICAL ELECTRICAL PLAN OF A ONE-STORY HOME
16
PGampErsquos Emerging Technologies Program ET13PGE1063
The project team modeled the AHE lighting design that best achieved recommended light levels fully for the living room dining room and kitchen Figure 4 and Figure 5 show renderings of the residential dwelling designed to light levels called out in Table 7 This design resulted in a lighting power density of 02 Watts per square foot (Wsf) for the living room 023 Wsf for the dining room and 050 Wsf for the kitchen
FIGURE 4 RESIDENTIAL KITCHEN RENDERING WITH ALL HIGH-EFFICACY LIGHTING
17
PGampErsquos Emerging Technologies Program ET13PGE1063
FIGURE 5 RESIDENTIAL LIVING AND DINING ROOM RENDERING WITH ALL HIGH-EFFICACY LIGHTING
The project team also evaluated the potential of an AHE design for a multi-family home The multi-family-home building plans provided by builder participants include specifications for dedicated socket types but did not specify source wattages A copy of this floor plan is provided in Figure 6
FIGURE 6 MULTI-FAMILY HOME BUILDING PLAN
18
PGampErsquos Emerging Technologies Program ET13PGE1063
LIGHTING SYSTEM INSTALLATION Participating builders installed site specific AHE lighting designs No issues were encountered during the installation of the AHE lighting designs Builders anecdotally reported that AHE lighting components are similar if not the same to install as legacy products The project team conducted site visits to verify correct operation of the lighting system and assess the electrical service architecture for use in finalizing the measurement and verification plan
SYSTEM MONITORING The project team collected data on the photometric performance energy consumption and builder and homeowner satisfaction with the AHE lighting systems The tools and methods employed to collect data are provided in the following sections Copies of builder and homeowner surveys are included in Appendix A of this report and the responses are provided in the results section
PHOTOMETRIC PERFORMANCE The project team characterized the photometric performance of the installed AHE lighting systems using recommended practices from the Illuminating Engineering Societyrsquos The Lighting Handbook Tenth Edition The Lighting for Residential Applications chapter references target residential applications and tasks with specific lighting requirements The project team collected illuminance data for the living room kitchen and dining room applications and compared it to recommended residential illuminance target values provided in Table 7 Equipment used to gather illuminance data is provided in Table 8
TABLE 8 PHOTOMETRIC PERFORMANCE CHARACTERIZATION
Measurement Manufacturer Model Image
Illuminance (footcandles fc) Konica Minolta T-10A
19
PGampErsquos Emerging Technologies Program ET13PGE1063
BUILDER AND HOMEOWNER SURVEY To capture builder and homeowner end-user experiences with the AHE lighting systems demonstrated in this project the project team developed survey tools to collect feedback in a rigorous manner The results of the surveys will be used to better understand barriers to market adoption of AHE lighting systems Copies of each survey are included in Appendix A
ENERGY MONITORING The project team specified metering equipment for installation at the participating demonstration homes to monitor lighting system energy use The accuracy of the circuit-level metering equipment meets the accuracy requirements of the ANSI C121 standard when used with Continental Control System current transformers rated for IEEE C5713 class 06 accuracy The project team determined that the receptacle loads and lighting loads are on the same circuit for two of the three demonstration homes To separate the lighting and receptacle loads the project team specified and installed receptacle-level monitoring equipment to allow for updated energy use monitoring in the amendment to this report The specified receptacle monitoring equipment has a rated accuracy of 5 when monitoring up to a 15 amp load Table 9 lists the equipment specified for use at the participating demonstration homes
TABLE 9 SPECIFIED MONITORING EQUIPMENT
Monitoring Equipment Type Model
AC Power Measurement Device WattNode RWNB-3Y-208-P
Current Transformers CCS CTL-1250
Data Logger HOBO UX120-017M
Receptacle Power Quality Recorder BERT Smart Plug 110M
The project team deployed the measurement and verification equipment at the demonstration homes as shown in Figure 7 to collect lighting energy use data in one minute intervals The project team deployed monitoring equipment at each receptacle that is on a circuit shared with lighting loads
20
PGampErsquos Emerging Technologies Program ET13PGE1063
FIGURE 7 INSTALLATION SCHEMATIC OF ENERGY LOGGING EQUIPMENT
DATA PROCESSING AND ANALYSIS The project team collected data at each demonstration site for an extended monitoring period determined for each demonstration site based on the occupancy date of the demonstration home The project team downloaded data intermittently to verify operation of equipment for processing and analysis
DATA PROCESSING To process the data the project team consolidated the raw data streams generated from the multiple lighting and receptacle data loggers into one master comma separated value (csv) file based on time stamp correlation The number of raw data streams varied from site to site based on the lighting and receptacle circuitry of each demonstration home
WATHEN CASTANOS 1622 Energy use data collected at the Wathen Castanos 1622 demonstration site consisted of one data stream of circuit level energy use at one minute resolution and 30 receptacle energy
21
PGampErsquos Emerging Technologies Program ET13PGE1063
use data streams at one hour resolution The project team binned circuit level energy use into hour resolution to allow for circuit and receptacle data to be analyzed together
NORTHWEST 2205 Energy use data collected at the NorthWest 2205 demonstration site consisted of one data stream of circuit level energy use at one minute resolution and 27 receptacle energy use data streams at one hour resolution The project team binned circuit level energy use into hour resolution to allow for circuit and receptacle data to be analyzed together
MERITAGE 3085 Energy use data collected at the Meritage 3085 demonstration site consisted of two data streams of circuit level energy use at one minute resolution The project team binned circuit level energy use into hour resolution to allow for direct comparison to the other demonstration homes
DATA ANALYSIS
WATHEN CASTANOS 1622 The project team collected lighting and receptacle energy use data for 177 days The project team identified plug load lighting by site walk confirmation and confirmed via data reduction of the receptacle energy monitoring data The project team applied one-time power factors (PF) measurements of the entertainment center appliances were applied to receptacle data streams to scale the load according to the appliance state (onoffstandby) Summed energy use resulting in negative energy use was is attributed to receptacle load energy use and negative values were zeroed to more accurately reflect actual energy use
NORTHWEST 2205 The project team collected lighting and receptacle energy use data for 176 days The project team identified plug load lighting by site walk and confirmed during data reduction of the receptacle energy monitoring data based on known light source wattages The project team determined data streams with one time load peaks of 300 Watts or greater to be outliers and dropped from the analysis The project team categorized peak loads of less than or equal to 70 Watts as lighting loads based on typical residential receptacle use Peak loads greater than 70 Watts were categorized as other loads The project team applied one-time power factors (PF) measurements of the entertainment center appliances to receptacle data streams to scale the load according to the appliance state (onoffstandby) Summed energy use resulting in negative energy use is attributed to receptacle load energy use Negative values were zeroed to more accurately reflect lighting energy use
MERITAGE 3085 The project team collected lighting and ceiling fan energy use data for 75 days Ceiling fan loads and one receptacle in the office were determined to be on the lighting circuit during the data reduction process and are included in the energy use analysis
22
PGampErsquos Emerging Technologies Program ET13PGE1063
RESULTS The project team evaluated AHE lighting systems for their capacity to reduce residential lighting loads provide residential energy savings and deliver application appropriate light levels This work included a market survey site selection lighting design lighting system installation monitoring of the system performance and data analysis
MARKET SURVEY To collect current lighting market information pertaining to the feasibility of implementing an AHE lighting design with commercially available lighting products the project team completed a review of all available residential lighting manufacturer literature This included dialogues with manufacturers about their current and future AHE lighting product offerings examination of manufacturer websites and discussions with distributors in PGampE territory The project team updated the results of the survey over the course of this effort allowing for cost and performance trend analysis of AHE lighting product offerings The AHE lighting product types included in this report are recessed downlight under cabinets wall-mount vanity surface ceiling-mount suspended ceiling-mount and wall-mount sconce light fixtures and are appropriate for residential applications as determined by lighting design illuminance level and uniformity requirements All fixtures fulfilling the AHE lighting system definition at the time of this report are included in the All High-Efficacy Lighting Design Guide provided in Appendix B
LIGHTING DESIGN Based on the lighting market survey results and each demonstration site building plan preliminary AHE lighting layouts were designed preliminary layouts were modeled to confirm that the design provides application appropriate illumination levels and the final iteration of the design was specified for installation in the demonstration sites The project team referenced the IES Handbook 10th Edition recommended light levels for this work by space type Referenced illumination levels are provided in Table 7 Three builders were selected to install AHE lighting designs Wathen Castanos NorthWest Homes and Meritage Homes Each participating builder provided a new construction single-family homes of varying square footage Wathen Castanos provided a single-family home building plan for their 1622 square foot floor plan shown in Figure 8
23
PGampErsquos Emerging Technologies Program ET13PGE1063
FIGURE 8 WATHEN CASTANOS SINGLE-FAMILY HOME FLOOR PLAN 1622
Table 10 contains the specified lighting design and calculated load reduction over the 2008-compliant lighting design the builder typically implemented at the time of this installation The specifications define dedicated sockets types but do not specify source wattages The project team specified possible low and high source wattages for socket types in the lsquooriginalrsquo lighting package in Table 10 In comparison to the 2008 Title 24 compliant design
24
PGampErsquos Emerging Technologies Program ET13PGE1063
the AHE lighting package resulted in a calculated load reduction of 35 to 59 for the one-story single-family home
TABLE 10 WATHEN CASTANOS 1622 AHE LIGHTING DESIGN AND LOAD REDUCTION OVER 2008 TITLE 24 COMPLIANT DESIGN
Space Type Non AHE fixture
type (builder original)
Low Load (W)
High Load (W)
Quantity
Low Load Total (W)
High Load Total (W)
AHE Fixture
AHE Load (W)
AHE Quantity
AHE Total Load (W)
Kitchen Fluorescent Downlight 13 26 6 78 156 Cree CR6 12 6 72
Dining Ceiling Fan
Incandescent Light Kit
40 60 4 160 240 Satco LED
Lamps 98 5 49
Cree CR6 12 2 24
Great Room Fluorescent
Surface Mount Fixture
13 26 1 13 26 Cree CR6 12 4 48
Master Bedroom
Ceiling Fan Incandescent
Light Kit 40 60 4 160 240 Cree CR6 12 4 48
Master Bathroom
Fluorescent Downlight 13 26 3 39 78 Cree CR6 12 3 36
Fluorescent
Vanity 26 52 2 52 104 Satco LED
Lamps 98 8 784
Master Closet
Linear Fluorescent
Fixture (4 lamp) 112 128 1 112 128 Cree
CS14 37 1 37
Bedroom (2) Fluorescent
Surface Mount Fixture
13 26 2 26 52 Cree CR6 12 2 24
Bedroom (3)Study
Fluorescent Surface Mount
Fixture 13 26 2 26 52 Cree CR6 12 2 24
Bathroom Fluorescent Downlight 13 26 2 26 26
Satco LED
Lamps 98 2 196
Fluorescent Vanity 13 26 3 39 78
Satco LED
Lamps 98 3 294
Laundry Fluorescent Downlight 13 26 1 13 26
Satco LED
Lamps 98 2 196
Garage Linear
Fluorescent Fixture (4 lamp)
112 128 1 112 128 Cree CS14 37 1 37
Entry Fluorescent
Surface Mount Fixture
13 26 2 26 52 Cree CR6 12 2 24
Hallway Fluorescent
Surface Mount Fixture
13 26 2 26 52 Cree CR6 12 2 24
TOTAL 908 1438 594
AHE Load Reduction 346 587
25
PGampErsquos Emerging Technologies Program ET13PGE1063
NorthWest Homes provided a single-story single-family home building plan using their 2205 square foot floor plan shown in Figure 9
FIGURE 9 NORTHWEST SINGLE-FAMILY HOME FLOOR PLAN 2205
Table 11 contains the specified lighting design and calculated load reduction over the 2008 compliant lighting design the builder typically implemented at the time of this installation The specifications define dedicated sockets types but do not specify source wattages The project team specified possible low and high source wattages for socket types in the lsquooriginalrsquo lighting package in Table 11 In comparison to the 2008 Title 24 compliant design the lighting package resulted in a calculated load reduction of 37 to 61 for the one-story single-family home
26
PGampErsquos Emerging Technologies Program ET13PGE1063
TABLE 11 NORTHWEST HOMES 2205 AHE LIGHTING DESIGN AND LOAD REDUCTION OVER 2008 TITLE 24 COMPLIANT DESIGN
Space Type
Non AHE fixture type
(builder original)
Low Load (W)
High Load (W)
Quantity
Low Load Total (W)
High Load Total (W)
AHE Fixture
AHE Load (W)
AHE Quantity
AHE Total Load (W)
Kitchen Can Fluorescent 13 26 6 78 156 Cree CR6 12 6 72
Nook Ceiling Light Incandescent 40 43 1 40 43 Cree CR6 12 1 12
Pantry Can Fluorescent 13 26 1 13 26 Cree CR6 12 1 12
Great Room Fan with Light 13 43 3 39 129 Cree CR6 12 4 48
Flush Incandescent 40 43 1 40 43 - - - -
Entry Ceiling Light Incandescent 40 43 2 80 86 Cree CR6 12 2 24
Hallways Flush Incandescent 40 43 3 120 129 Cree CR6 12 3 36
Office Ceiling Light Incandescent 40 43 1 40 43 Cree CR6 12 1 12
Bathroom 2
Wall mount Incandescent 40 43 2 80 86 Illumis
Lamps 411 1 411
Water Closet
Ceiling Light Incandescent 40 43 1 40 43 Cree CR6 12 1 12
Bedroom 2 Fan with Light 13 43 3 39 129 Cree CR6 12 2 24
Bedroom 3 Fan with Light 13 43 3 39 129 Cree CR6 12 2 24
Coat Closet
Can Fluorescent 13 26 1 13 26 Cree CR6 12 1 12
Utility Room
Ceiling Linear Fluorescent 28 32 1 28 32 Cree CR6 12 2 24
Garage Ceiling Linear Fluorescent 28 32 3 84 96 Cree
CS14 38 1 38
Porch Ceiling Light Fluorescent 13 26 6 78 156 Cree CR6 12 6 72
Exterior Wall mount Fluorescent 13 26 4 52 104 Illumis
Lamps 137 4 548 Wall Sconce Master
Bedroom Fan with Light 13 43 3 39 129 Cree CR6 12 4 48
Master Closet
Ceiling Linear Fluorescent 28 32 1 28 32 Cree CR6 12 2 24
Master Bathroom
Wall mount Incandescent 40 43 2 80 86 Illumis
Lamps 411 2 822
Ceiling Light Fluorescent 13 26 2 26 52 Cree CR6 12 2 24
Water Closet
Ceiling Light Incandescent 40 43 1 40 43 Cree CR6 12 1 12
TOTAL
1116 1798
7081
AHE Load Reduction 366 606
27
PGampErsquos Emerging Technologies Program ET13PGE1063
Meritage Homes provided a two-story single-family home building plan for their 3085 square foot floor plan shown in Figure 10 and Figure 11
FIGURE 10 MERITAGE FIRST FLOOR SINGLE-FAMILY HOME FLOOR PLAN 3085
28
PGampErsquos Emerging Technologies Program ET13PGE1063
FIGURE 11 MERITAGE SECOND FLOOR SINGLE-FAMILY HOME FLOOR PLAN 3085
Table 12 contains the specified AHE lighting design and calculated load reduction over the 2008 compliant lighting design the builder typically implemented at the time of this installation The specifications define dedicated sockets types but do not specify source wattages The project team specified possible low and high source wattages for socket types in the lsquooriginalrsquo lighting package in Table 12 In comparison to the 2008 Title 24 compliant design the AHE lighting package resulted in a calculated load reduction of 0 to 11 for the two-story single-family home
29
PGampErsquos Emerging Technologies Program ET13PGE1063
TABLE 12 MERITAGE 3085 AHE LIGHTING DESIGN AND LOAD REDUCTION OVER 2008 TITLE 24 COMPLIANT DESIGN
Space Type
Non AHE fixture type
(builder original)
Low Load (W)
High Load (W)
Quantity
Low Load Total (W)
High Load Total (W)
AHE Fixture AHE Source AHE
Fixture Load (W)
Quantity AHE Total Load (W)
Great Room FanDome 26 52 1 26 52 FanDome CREE CR6 12 4 48
Kitchen Fluorescent downlight 13 26 4 52 104 LED
Downlight Cree CR6 12 4 48
Fluorescent Undercabinet 19 37 2 38 74 - - - - -
Optional Pendant 13 26 2 26 52 LED
Pendant CREE TW 135 2 27
Closet 13 26 13 26 LED Dome Cree TW 135 2 27
Powder Room Vanity 26 52 1 26 52 Vanity CREE TW 135 2 27
Dining Fluorescent downlight 13 26 1 13 26 LED
Chandelier Illumis Lamp 137 5 685
Owners Entry Dome 13 26 1 13 26 Dome CREE TW 135 2 27
Pocket Office Fluorescent downlight 13 26 1 13 26 LED
Downlight Cree CR6 12 1 12
Nook Fluorescent downlight 13 26 1 13 26 LED
Downlight Cree CR6 12 2 24
Pantry Fluorescent downlight 13 26 1 13 26 LED
Downlight Cree CR6 12 2 24
Porch Recessed 13 26 1 13 26 Exterior Ceiling Cree CR6 12 2 24
Exterior lights Wall mount 13 26 1 13 26 Wall Mount Exterior Illumis Lamp 137 3 411
Garage 1x4 T8 Fixture 60 70 1 60 70 1x4 T8 Fixture CREE T8 44 2 88
Foyer Fluorescent downlight 13 26 1 13 26 LED
Downlight Cree CR6 12 2 24
Stairs Fluorescent downlight 13 26 1 13 26 LED
Downlight Cree CR6 12 2 24
Linen closet Fluorescent downlight 13 26 1 13 26 LED
Downlight Cree CR6 12 1 12
Bathroom Vanity 26 52 1 26 52 Vanity CREE TW 27 1 27
Hallway Fluorescent downlight 13 26 1 13 26
Integrated LED Downlight
Cree CR6 12 4 48
Laundry 1x4 T8 Fixture 60 70 1 60 70 1x4 T8 Fixture CREE T8 44 1 44
Attic E26 Socket 13 26 1 13 26 E26 socket CREE TW 135 1 135
Game room FanDome 52 104 1 52 104 FanDome CREE TW 54 1 54
Bath 2 Fluorescent downlight 13 26 1 13 26 LED
Downlight Cree TW 135 3 405
Bedrooms Dome 26 52 1 26 52 Dome Feit Candelabra 49 6 294
- - - - - - Dome Feit A-Lamp 10 3 30
Bedroom Walk in Closets Dome 13 26 1 13 26 Dome Cree TW 135 6 81
Master Bedroom FanDome 52 104 1 52 104 FanDome Feit Candelabra 49 4 196
Master Closet Dome 13 26 1 13 26 Dome Illumis 137 4 548
Master Bathroom Fluorescent downlight 13 26 1 13 26 LED
Downlight Cree CR6 12 1 12
LED Vanity Illumis 137 6 822
Cree TW 12 2 24
Bath 3 Fluorescent downlight 13 26 1 13 26 LED
Downlight Cree CR6 12 1 12
TOTAL (W)
678 1254
11176
AHE Load Reduction ()
- 11
30
PGampErsquos Emerging Technologies Program ET13PGE1063
The project team considered a multi-family home builder for inclusion in the program The provided building plan is shown in Figure 12 Table 13 contains the specified AHE lighting design and calculated load reduction over the 2008 compliant lighting design the builder typically implemented at the time of this installation In comparison to the 2008 Title 24 compliant design the AHE lighting package resulted in a calculated load reduction of 50 for one unit of the multi-family home
FIGURE 12 HERITAGE COMMONS MULTI-FAMILY HOME BUILDING PLAN
31
PGampErsquos Emerging Technologies Program ET13PGE1063
TABLE 13 MULTI- FAMILY HOME AHE LIGHTING DESIGN AND LOAD REDUCTION OVER 2008 TITLE 24 COMPLIANT DESIGN
Space Type Non AHE fixture
type (builder original)
Original Load (W)
Original Quantity
Original Total Load
(W)
AHE Fixture
AHE Load (W)
AHE Quantity
AHE Total
Load (W)
Kitchen Fluorescent Down light
26 4 104 Cree CR6 12 4 48
Dining Progress Pendant 100 1 100 Philips Ledino Pendant
225 1 225
Entry Fluorescent Down light
22 1 22 Cree CR6 12 1 12
Bath Fluorescent 17 2 34
GU-24 Vanity Fixture with
Illumis Lamps
137 3 411
Fluorescent Down light
13 1 13 Cree CR6 12 1 12
TOTAL (W) 2730 1356
AHE Load Reduction
() 503
LIGHTING SYSTEM INSTALLATION The installation of the AHE lighting systems did not require additional installation techniques by the construction team compared to 2008 Title 24 compliant systems Photographs of an AHE lighting system installed in a Wathen Castanos model home are provided below
32
PGampErsquos Emerging Technologies Program ET13PGE1063
FIGURE 13 AHE LIGHTING SYSTEM INSTALLATION IN KITCHEN
33
PGampErsquos Emerging Technologies Program ET13PGE1063
FIGURE 14 AHE LIGHTING SYSTEM INSTALLATION IN LIVING ROOM
34
PGampErsquos Emerging Technologies Program ET13PGE1063
FIGURE 15 AHE LIGHTING SYSTEM INSTALLATION IN BATHROOM
35
PGampErsquos Emerging Technologies Program ET13PGE1063
The cost of AHE lighting components have reduced over the course of this project with integrated high quality high efficacy LED downlights ranging in price from $25 to $50 and high quality high efficacy LED replacement lamps ranging from $7 to $25 as of the time of this report Detailed AHE lighting system cost information for the demonstration sites are contained in Table 14 15 and 16 Costs for lighting system components utilized in both the 2008 Title 24 compliant and AHE lighting designs are not included For instance downlight housings and control components are not listed
TABLE 14 WATHEN CASTANOS 1622 AHE LIGHT SOURCE COST INFORMATION
Space Type AHE Fixture AHE Quantity Price per Fixture ($)
Total Price per Space Type ($)
Kitchen Cree CR6 6 $25 $150
Dining LED Chandelier and Satco LED Lamps 1 $408 $408
Cree CR6 2 $25 $50
Great Room Cree CR6 4 $25 $100
Master Bedroom Cree CR6 5 $25 $125
Master Bathroom Cree CR6 2 $25 $50
Satco LED Lamp 8 $29 $232
Master Closet Cree CS14 1 $407 $407
Bedroom (2) Cree CR6 2 $25 $50
Bedroom (3)Study Cree CR6 2 $25 $50
Bathroom Dome Fixture and Satco LED Lamps 2 $29 $58
Vanity Fixture and Satco LED Lamps 3 $29 $87
Laundry Cree CR6 2 $25 $50
Garage Cree CS14 1 $407 $407
Entry Cree CR6 2 $25 $50
Hallway Cree CR6 2 $25 $50
TOTAL $2324
36
PGampErsquos Emerging Technologies Program ET13PGE1063
TABLE 15 NORTHWEST HOMES 2205 AHE LIGHT SOURCE COST INFORMATION
Space Type AHE Fixture AHE Quantity Price per Fixture ($)
Total Price per Space Type ($)
Kitchen Cree CR6 6 $25 $150
Nook Cree CR6 1 $25 $25
Pantry Cree CR6 1 $25 $25
Great Room Cree CR6 4 $25 $100
Entry Cree CR6 2 $25 $50 Hallways Cree CR6 3 $25 $75
Office Cree CR6 1 $25 $25
Bathroom 2 Illumis Lamps 3 $27 $81
Water Closet Cree CR6 1 $25 $25
Bedroom 2 Cree CR6 2 $25 $50
Bedroom 3 Cree CR6 2 $25 $50
Coat Closet Cree CR6 1 $25 $25
Utility Room Cree CR6 2 $25 $50
Garage Cree CS14 1 $407 $407
Porch Cree CR6 6 $25 $150
Exterior Wall Sconces Illumis Lamps 4 $27 $108
Master Bedroom Cree CR6 4 $25 $100
Master Closet Cree CR6 2 $25 $50 Master
Bathroom Illumis Lamps 2 $27 $54
Cree CR6 2 $25 $50
Water Closet Cree CR6 1 $25 $25
TOTAL $1675
37
PGampErsquos Emerging Technologies Program ET13PGE1063
TABLE 16 MERITAGE 3085 AHE LIGHT SOURCE COST INFORMATION
Space Type AHE Fixture AHE Source Quantity
Price per Fixture
($)
Total Price per Space Type ($)
Great Room FanDome CREE TW 4 $15 $60
Kitchen LED Downlight Cree CR6 4 $25 $100
Optional Pendant CREE TW 2 $15 $30
Closet LED Dome CREE TW 2 $15 $30
Powder Room Vanity CREE TW 2 $15 $30
Dining Chandelier Illumis Lamps 5 $27 $135
Owners Entry Dome CREE TW 2 $15 $30
Pocket Office LED Downlight Cree CR6 1 $25 $25
Nook LED Downlight Cree CR6 2 $25 $50
Pantry LED Downlight Cree CR6 2 $25 $50
Porch Exterior Ceiling Illumis Lamp 2 $27 $54
Exterior lights Wall Mount Exterior
Illumis Lamp 3 $27 $81
Garage 1x4 T8 Fixture CREE T8 2 $35 $70
Foyer LED Downlight Cree CR6 2 $25 $50
Stairs LED Downlight Cree CR6 2 $25 $50
Linen Closet LED Downlight Cree CR6 1 $25 $25
Bathroom Vanity CREE TW 2 $15 $30
Hallway Integrated LED Downlight Cree CR6 4 $25 $100
Laundry 1x4 T8 Fixture CREE T8 1 $35 $35
Attic E26 socket CREE TW 1 $15 $15
Game room FanDome CREE TW 4 $15 $60
Bath 2 LED Downlight Cree TW 3 $15 $45
Bedrooms Dome Feit Candelabra 6 $7 $42
Dome Feit A-Lamp 3 $7 $21
Walk in Closet Dome CREE TW 6 $15 $90
Master Bedroom FanDome Feit
Candelabra 4 $7 $28
Master Closet Dome Illumis 4 $27 $108
Master Bathroom LED Downlight Cree CR6 1 $25 $25
LED Vanity Illumis 6 $27 $162
Bath 3 LED Downlight Cree CR6 1 $25 $25
TOTAL $1656
38
PGampErsquos Emerging Technologies Program ET13PGE1063
SYSTEM PERFORMANCE EVALUATION The project team monitored the builder and homeowner end-user satisfaction photometric performance and energy consumption of the installed AHE lighting systems according to the test method outlined in this report The results of the system performance evaluation are provided below
SURVEY RESPONSES To capture builder and homeowner end-user experiences with the AHE lighting systems deployed for evaluation in this project the project team developed survey tools in order to collect feedback in a rigorous manner The results of the surveys will be used to better understand barriers to market adoption of AHE lighting systems and inform the recommendations for next steps Responses to the builder and homeowner surveys are included in the following sections
BUILDER SURVEY RESPONSES The three participating builders completed the AHE lighting system installation The survey response below is for Wathen Castanos (WC) Northwest Homes (NH) and Meritage Homes (MH)
Q What is the primary driver(s) for lighting specification choices bull WC Cost and Title 24 Code Requirements bull NH Title 24 Code Requirements then customer preference bull MH Cost without sacrificing product reliability and then Title 24 Code Requirements
Q At what point in your design process are appliance or energy codes such as T24 considered
bull WC In the plan design stage bull NH Beginning before plans are submitted for plan check review bull MH When determining the lighting schedule
Q How often is your initial plan altered in order to comply with T24 requirements
bull WC Typically not until there is a mandated code update bull NH About 50 of the time although T24 is considered throughout all designs bull MH Very rarely to comply more often to exceed T24 requirements Typically
altered to take advantage of local utility incentives Q What is your typical budget for lighting in a small mid-sized and large home
bull WC Small $500 Mid-Sized $800 Large $1900 bull NH Small $2000 Mid-Sized $3000 Large $4000 bull MH Small $500 Mid-Sized $850 Large $1400
Q Does the lighting design or technologies used vary depending on the locale or price-point of the home If so how
bull WC Yes the high end homes will typically have a higher quality finish on the light fixtures
39
PGampErsquos Emerging Technologies Program ET13PGE1063
bull NH Yes we allow approximately $125 per square foot of the home for lighting and ceiling fans We use a lot of LED recessed can lighting in kitchens and hallways as standard The electrical contractor includes those in his bid about $9000 each
bull MH Yes location and the associated market affect this decision Builder competition also influences if LED lighting or solar is offered as a way to differentiate ourselves
Q Compared to other building systems how large an impact does lighting have on a homersquos budget (as a percent)
bull WC Less than 1 bull NH Including cost increase for high efficiency lighting due to lack of product
availability about 15 bull MH About 02
Q How difficult is it to find Title 24 compliant products for each of the following product categories
Not Difficult
Somewhat Difficult
Very Difficult
Not Applicable
GU-24 MH WC NH
Integral LEDs vs replacement lamps WC NH MH
Quick connects WC NH MH
New track lighting requirements WC NH MH
Q How often do homeowners ask for a lighting change after construction is completed
bull WC Almost Never bull NH Often bull MH Almost Never
Q Do they try to replace luminaires with non-compliant alternatives bull WC Occasionally bull NH Often bull MH Almost Never
Q What role do the utility companies play in your lighting design decision making process
bull WC Rebates and Incentives bull NH None Title 24 only bull MH None
Q What challenges do you foresee arising that will make AHE compliance difficult
bull WC Economics ndash price of high efficacy products 90 CRI Product availability ndash most products canrsquot be quickly purchased at hardware stores
bull NH Economics ndash price of high efficacy products 90 CRI Product availability ndash most products canrsquot be quickly purchased at hardware stores
bull MH Economics ndash price of high efficacy products 90 CRI Product availability ndash most products canrsquot be quickly purchased at hardware stores
40
PGampErsquos Emerging Technologies Program ET13PGE1063
Q With integral LED luminaires becoming part of Title 24 compliance do you foresee any issues with end-users adopting this lighting appliance
bull WC No It will become the norm and current home owners do not like fluorescent fixtures
bull NH No the lighting quality of new LED lights seem to be acceptable to most buyers bull MH No not with the LED light quality and longevity Cost may be an issue
Changing components rather than bulbs may be an issue
HOMEOWNER SURVEY RESPONSES At the time of this report all participating demonstration homes had been occupied for sufficient time to collect survey responses The homeowner survey response provided below is for the Wathen Castanos 1622 homeowner (WC) NorthWest Homes 2205 homeowners (NH1 and NH2) and Meritage Homes 3085 homeowner (MH)
Q Please compare the lighting in your new home to the lighting in your previous home Do you think that each of the following aspects of lighting is better worse or the same in your new home
Better Worse The same I donrsquot know
I like the color of the lighthellip WC NH1 NH2 MH
The light levels in the space arehellip WC NH1
NH2 MH
Objects under the light lookhellip NH1 NH2 WC MH The aesthetic of the fixtures arehellip NH1 NH2 MH WC The lighting controllability ishellip WC NH2 MH NH1 The glare of the lighting ishellip NH1 NH2 MH WC
41
PGampErsquos Emerging Technologies Program ET13PGE1063
Q Rate your satisfaction with the AHE lighting in each room type in your new home Use the following scale
1 Extremely dissatisfied 2 Dissatisfied 3 No difference in satisfaction from lighting in last home 4 Satisfied 5 Extremely satisfied
WC Responses bull Kitchen Satisfied bull Bathroom No difference in the satisfaction from lighting in last home bull Common Living Spaces Satisfied bull Bedrooms Satisfied bull Dining Room No difference in the satisfaction from lighting in last home bull Garage No difference in the satisfaction from lighting in last home
NH1 Responses
bull Kitchen Satisfied bull Bathroom Satisfied bull Common Living Spaces Extremely Satisfied bull Bedrooms Satisfied bull Dining Room Dissatisfied bull Garage Extremely Dissatisfied
NH2 Responses
bull Kitchen Dissatisfied (no undercounter lighting) bull Bathroom Satisfied bull Common Living Spaces Extremely Satisfied bull Bedrooms Satisfied bull Dining Room Satisfied bull Garage Extremely Dissatisfied
MH Responses
bull Kitchen Satisfied bull Bathroom Satisfied bull Common Living Spaces Satisfied bull Bedrooms Satisfied bull Dining Room Satisfied bull Garage No difference in the satisfaction from lighting in last home
42
PGampErsquos Emerging Technologies Program ET13PGE1063
Q What type of lighting did you use in your previous home WC Response
a Linear fluorescent b Incandescent c CFLs
NH1 Response
a Linear fluorescent b Incandescent c CFLs d Other Halogen Under Counter
NH2 Response
a Linear fluorescent b Incandescent c CFLs d Other Halogen
MH Response Incandescent Q For one standard residential screw-base light fixture what is the most that you would be willing to pay for a single light bulb
bull WC Response $11-15 bull NH1 Response $6-10 bull NH2 Response $1-5 bull MH Response $1-5
Q Rate your familiarity with the following topics Use the following scale 1 I have never heard of it before 2 I have heard of this but am not sure exactly what it means 3 I am familiar with this concept but not an expert 4 I am an expert when it comes to this concept
WC Response bull GU-24 based lamps I have never heard of it before bull LED replacement lamps I am familiar with this concept but not an expert bull Integral LED luminaires I have heard of this but am not sure exactly what it
means bull Adaptive lighting controls I have never heard of it before bull Color Rendering Index I am familiar with this concept but not an expert bull Correlated Color Temperature I have heard of this but am not sure exactly what
it means
43
PGampErsquos Emerging Technologies Program ET13PGE1063
NH1 Response bull GU-24 based lamps I have never heard of it before bull LED replacement lamps I am familiar with this concept but not an expert bull Integral LED luminaires I have never heard of it before bull Adaptive lighting controls I have heard of this but am not sure exactly what it
means bull Color Rendering Index I am familiar with this concept but not an expert bull Correlated Color Temperature I have heard of this but am not sure exactly what
it means NH2 Response
bull GU-24 based lamps I am familiar with this concept but not an expert bull LED replacement lamps I am familiar with this concept but not an expert bull Integral LED luminaires I have never heard of it before bull Adaptive lighting controls I am familiar with this concept but not an expert bull Color Rendering Index I have never heard of it before bull Correlated Color Temperature I have never heard of it before
MH Response
bull GU-24 based lamps I have never heard of it before bull LED replacement lamps I am familiar with this concept but not an expert bull Integral LED luminaires I have heard of this but am not sure exactly what it
means bull Adaptive lighting controls I have heard of this but am not sure exactly what it
means bull Color Rendering Index I am familiar with this concept but not an expert bull Correlated Color Temperature I have heard of this but am not sure exactly what
it means Q How important to you is the ability to maintain your own lighting within your home (Replace burnt-out light bulbsfixtures repair or replace controls etc)
bull WC Response Important that I can replace light bulbs only bull NH1 Response Not at all important I can pay a technician to do those tasks bull NH2 Response Important that I can perform any maintenance task necessary
MH Response Important that I can replace light bulbs only
SYSTEM MONITORING RESULTS The project team monitored the energy and photometric performance of the installed AHE lighting systems according to the test method outlined in this report Results are provided below
PHOTOMETRIC PERFORMANCE The project team characterized the photometric performance of the AHE lighting system installed at the Wathen Castanos 1622 home utilizing the recommended practices from the Illuminating Engineering Societyrsquos The Lighting Handbook Tenth Edition The Lighting for
44
PGampErsquos Emerging Technologies Program ET13PGE1063
Residential Applications chapter was referenced to identify target applications and tasks for residences with specific lighting requirements The project team collected illuminance measurements for the living kitchen dining and bathroom applications Results and recommended light levels are summarized in Table 17
45
PGampErsquos Emerging Technologies Program ET13PGE1063
TABLE 17 WATHEN CASTANOS 1622 MEASURED ILLUMINANCE
Application and Task
Horizontal Illuminance
Target (Avg fc)
Vertical Illuminance
Target (Avg fc)
Measured Horizontal
Illuminance (Avg fc)
Measured Vertical
Illuminance (Avg fc)
Notes
Living Room 3 3 53 NA E_h floor E_v 4AFF
Dining Room 210 NA
Formal 5 2 - - E_h table plane E_v 4AFF
Informal 10 4 - - E_h table plane E_v 4AFF
Study Use 20 5 - - E_h table plane E_v 4AFF
Kitchen
Breakfast Area 20 5 348 297 E_h eating
surfaces E_v 4AFF
Cabinets - 5 - 246 E_v face of cabinets
Cooktops 30 5 207 205 E_h cooking surfaces
General 5 - 314 271 E_h floor Preparation
Counters 50 75 194 159 E_h prep surfaces
Sinks 30 5 362 226 E_h top of sink
Bathroom
Shower 5 - 552 1809 E_h floor E_v 3AFF
Toilet 10 - 304 272 E_h floor
Vanity (Grooming) 30 - 501 342 E_h floor E_v 5AFF
46
PGampErsquos Emerging Technologies Program ET13PGE1063
ENERGY USE MONITORING Energy use data collected at the demonstration sites over the course of this effort is provided in this section Detailed lighting load profiles are provided in Appendix D Raw data is available upon request A comparison of estimated and measured lighting energy use is provided in Table 18 Estimated annual lighting energy use assumes 18 hours of use per day11
TABLE 18 SUMMARY OF CALCULATED AND MEASURED LIGHTING ENERGY USE
Site Area (sf)
Lighting Schedule
Calculated Load (kW)
Measured Peak Lighting
Load (kW)
Measured LPD
Calculated Annual Lighting
Energy Use (kWh)
Estimated Annual Lighting
Energy Use (kWh)
Wathen Castanos 1622 059 046 028 1096 3022
North West Homes
2205 071 062 028 4509 4073
Meritage Homes 3085 112 111 036 13004 7293
Wathen Castanos 1622 Daily lighting energy use profiles at the Wathen Castanos 1622 demonstration home are provided below In addition cumulative results over the course of the monitoring period are included Date gaps in data are due to network errors Days with missing data were dropped from the analysis resulting in 157 days of monitored energy use spanning November 19 2014 to May 25 2015 The lighting energy use averages 300 kWh per day Extrapolating this average for an assumed usage of 365 days per year results in a calculated annual energy use of 1096 kWh
11 US DOE 2010 US Lighting Market Characterization pg 42 table 415 httpapps1eereenergygovbuildingspublicationspdfsssl2010-lmc-final-jan-2012pdf
47
PGampErsquos Emerging Technologies Program ET13PGE1063
FIGURE 16 TOTAL DAILY ENERGY USE FOR WATHEN CASTANOS 1622 DEMONSTRATION HOME
FIGURE 17 WEEKLY ENERGY USE FOR WATHEN CASTANOS 1622 DEMONSTRATION HOME jh
000050100150200250300350400450500
111
920
1411
24
2014
112
920
1412
42
014
129
201
412
27
2014
11
2015
16
2015
111
201
51
162
015
128
201
52
220
152
720
152
122
015
217
201
52
222
015
227
201
53
420
153
920
153
142
015
319
201
53
242
015
329
201
54
320
154
820
154
132
015
418
201
54
232
015
428
201
55
320
155
820
155
132
015
518
201
55
232
015
Daily Lighting Energy Use (kWh)
48
PGampErsquos Emerging Technologies Program ET13PGE1063
Energy use per day is provided based on sunrise and sunset definitions to identify day and night lighting energy use
FIGURE 18 ENERGY USE PER DAY OVER MONITORING PERIOD DURATION
NorthWest Homes 2205 Daily lighting energy use profiles at the NorthWest Homes 2205 demonstration home are provided below In addition cumulative results over the course of the monitoring period are included for the 176 days spanning October 29 2014 to April 20 2015 The lighting energy use averages 124 kWh per day Extrapolating this average for an assumed usage of 365 days per year results in a calculated annual energy use of 4509 kWh
49
PGampErsquos Emerging Technologies Program ET13PGE1063
FIGURE 19 TOTAL ENERGY USE FOR NORTHWEST HOMES 2205 DEMONSTRATION HOME
000
050
100
150
200
250
102
920
1411
32
014
118
201
411
13
2014
111
820
1411
23
2014
112
820
1412
32
014
128
201
412
13
2014
121
820
1412
23
2014
122
820
141
220
151
720
151
122
015
117
201
51
222
015
127
201
52
120
152
620
152
112
015
216
201
52
212
015
226
201
53
320
153
820
153
132
015
318
201
53
232
015
328
201
54
220
154
720
154
122
015
417
201
5
Daily Lighting Energy Use (kWh)
50
PGampErsquos Emerging Technologies Program ET13PGE1063
FIGURE 20 WEEKLY CUMULATIVE ENERGY USE FOR NORTHWEST HOMES 2205 DEMONSTRATION HOME
Energy use per day is provided based on sunrise and sunset definitions to identify day and night lighting energy use
51
PGampErsquos Emerging Technologies Program ET13PGE1063
FIGURE 21 ENERGY USE PER DAY OVER MONITORING PERIOD DURATION
52
PGampErsquos Emerging Technologies Program ET13PGE1063
Meritage 3085 Daily energy use profiles for the ceiling fan and lighting loads at the Meritage 3085 demonstration home are provided below Post-data collection one receptacle was identified as being on the lighting circuit This is included in the 75 days of monitored energy use below spanning January 31 2015 to April 15 2015 The monitored energy use averages 356 kWh per day Extrapolating this average for an assumed usage of 365 days per year this results in a calculated annual lighting related energy use of 1300 kWh
FIGURE 22 TOTAL ENERGY USE FOR MERITAGE 3085 DEMONSTRATION HOME
0
1
2
3
4
5
6
131
201
5
23
2015
26
2015
29
2015
212
201
5
215
201
5
218
201
5
221
201
5
224
201
5
227
201
5
32
2015
35
2015
38
2015
311
201
5
314
201
5
317
201
5
320
201
5
323
201
5
326
201
5
329
201
5
41
2015
44
2015
47
2015
410
201
5
413
201
5
Daily Lighting Energy Use (kWh)
53
PGampErsquos Emerging Technologies Program ET13PGE1063
FIGURE 23 WEEKLY CUMULATIVE ENERGY USE FOR MERITAGE 3085 DEMONSTRATION HOME
Energy use per day is provided based on sunrise and sunset definitions to identify day and night lighting energy use
54
PGampErsquos Emerging Technologies Program ET13PGE1063
FIGURE 24 ENERGY USE PER DAY OVER MONITORING PERIOD DURATION
RECOMMENDATIONS Over the duration of the project product availability and cost barriers to the adoption of AHE lighting for residential applications were identified Participating builders unanimously responsed that challenges for builders to be compliant with AHE lighting requirements include the economics associated with AHE lighting products and the limited availability of AHE lighting products that can be quickly purchased at a hardware store For the AHE lighting designs implemented in this study two of the three AHE lighting designs exceeded the typical lighting budget for the builders Programmatic recommendations to overcome these barriers if enacted will help increase widespread adoption of AHE systems Lighting systems that comply with the AHE definition range in performance and cost These ranges are predominantly linked to the lighting systemrsquos electrical architecture affecting controls compatibility heat transfer and allowable installation locations system efficiency light quality light output and component cost With recent developments in LED technology and electrical architecture Edison-based replacement lamp performance has improved and cost has reduced dramatically In addition to fixture integrated and GU-24 socket LED lighting solutions it is recommended that the AHE definition include lighting fixtures equipped with Edison sockets and installed with an Edison base source complying with the high-efficacy high-quality requirements If enacted the increased product availability and reduced cost of the Edison-based LED lamps meeting the high-efficacy high-quality requirements will help overcome barriers to the adoption of AHE lighting for residential applications
55
PGampErsquos Emerging Technologies Program ET13PGE1063
APPENDIX A ndash SURVEY QUESTIONS BUILDER SURVEY CONTENT
1 Describe the lighting design process for your team bull What is the primary driver(s) for lighting specification choices (ie cost T24
requirements customer preference fixture availability etc) bull At what point in your design process are appliance or energy codes such as T24
considered bull How often is your initial plan altered in order to comply with T24 requirements
2 What is your typical budget for lighting in a small mid-sized and large home
bull Does the lighting design or technologies used vary depending on the locale or price-point of the home If so how
bull Compared to other building systems how large an impact does lighting have on a homersquos budget (as a percent)
3 How difficult is it to find Title 24 compliant products for each of the following product
categories Not
Difficult Somewhat
Difficult Very
Difficult GU-24 familiarity Integral LEDs vs replacement lamps Quick connects New track lighting requirements
4 How often do homeowners ask for a lighting change after construction is completed
(Never Almost Never Occasionally Often) bull Do they try to replace luminaires with non-compliant alternatives (Never Almost
Never Occasionally Often) 5 What role do the utility companies play in your lighting design decision making process
bull Rebates and Incentives bull Marketing tools bull Other tasks
6 What challenges do you foresee arising that will make AHE compliance difficult
bull Economics ndash price of high efficacy products 90 CRI bull Education ndash does install team need to learn how to install new technologies bull Product availability ndash most products canrsquot be quickly purchased at hardware stores bull Other
7 With integral LED luminaires becoming part of Title 24 compliance do you foresee any
issues with end-users adopting this lighting appliance
56
PGampErsquos Emerging Technologies Program ET13PGE1063
HOMEOWNER SURVEY CONTENT 2 Please compare the lighting in your new home to the lighting in your previous home Do
you think that each of the following aspects of lighting is better worse or the same in your new home
Better Worse The same I donrsquot know I like the color of the lighthellip The light levels in the space arehellip Objects under the light lookhellip The aesthetic of the fixtures arehellip The lighting controllability ishellip The glare of the lighting ishellip
3 Rate your satisfaction with the AHE lighting in each room type in your new home Use
the following scale 1 Extremely dissatisfied 2 Dissatisfied 2 No difference in satisfaction from lighting in last home 3 Satisfied 4 Extremely satisfied
bull Kitchen 1 2 3 4 5 bull Bathroom 1 2 3 4 5 bull Common Living Spaces 1 2 3 4 5 bull Bedrooms 1 2 3 4 5 bull Dining Room 1 2 3 4 5 bull Garage 1 2 3 4 5
4 What type of lighting did you use in your previous home Circle all that apply a Linear fluorescent b Incandescent c CFLs d LEDs e Other _______________ f I donrsquot know
5 For one standard residential screw-base light fixture what is the most that you would
be willing to pay for a single light bulb
a $1-5 b $6-10 c $11-15 d $16+
6 Rate your familiarity with the following topics Use the following scale
1 I have never heard of it before 2 I have heard of this but am not sure exactly what it means
57
PGampErsquos Emerging Technologies Program ET13PGE1063
3 I am familiar with this concept but not an expert 4 I am an expert when it comes to this concept
bull GU-24 based lamps 1 2 3 4 bull LED replacement lamps 1 2 3 4 bull Integral LED luminaires 1 2 3 4 bull Adaptive lighting controls 1 2 3 4 bull Color Rendering Index 1 2 3 4 bull Correlated Color Temperature 1 2 3 4
7 How important to you is the ability to maintain your own lighting within your home
(Replace burnt-out light bulbsfixtures repair or replace controls etc) 1 Not at all important I can pay a technician to do those tasks 2 Important that I can replace light bulbs only 3 Important that I can replace light bulbs and ballastsdriversassociated
electronics 4 Important that I can perform any maintenance task necessary
58
PGampErsquos Emerging Technologies Program ET13PGE1063
APPENDIX B ndash AHE COMPLIANT PRODUCTS
CEILING-MOUNTED RECESSED LUMINAIRESCEILING-MOUNTED RECESSED LUMINAIRES
PRODUCT CCT CRI WATTSEFFICACY
(Lumens Watt)
Cree LED Lighting
4 ROUND DOWNLIGHT KR4-9L-27K-V KR4T-SSGC-
2700 K 90 13 W 50
Dasal Architectural Lighting
QUADRA LED TRIM 2-500--BRO-FL-9027-800
3000 K 95 12 W 52
Dasal Architectural Lighting STAR LITE XIC LED TRIM 2-167-01-BRO-FL-9027-800
2700 K 91 12 W 51
Designers Fountain
6 DIMMABLE LED6741A30
3000 K 95 14 W 61
dmf Lighting
4 5 6 LED DRD2M10927
2700 K 90 15 W 67
Elite Lighting
4 LED RETROFIT MODULE RL428-650L-DIMTR-120-30K-90-W-WH
3000 K 90 11 W 61
Energy Savings Technology
2 ADJUSTABLE LED DL2-D3
2964 K 92 15 W 55
Fahrenheit Lighting
6LED DME8927
2700 K 90 13 W 62
Halo Eatons Cooper Lighting business
NARROW FLOOD LIGHT RA406927NFLWH
2700 K 90 10 W 69
2013 TITLE 24 PART 626
Iris Products
35 APERTURE P3LED09FL40927E-E3MRC
2700 K 90 15 W 45
Liton
6 GU24 LED REFLECTOR LRELD602C-L10-T27
2700 K 85 12 W 48
MaxLite
6 RETROFIT RR61227WC
2700 K 81 12 W 63
Mini LED MultiSpot
MULTI-SPOT LIGHT MT-3LD11NA-F930-
3000 K 90 11 W 59
Portfolio
4 NEW CONSTRUCTION LD4AD010TE099274LM0H
3000 K 90 15 W 46
Prescolite (A Division of Hubbell Lighting)
6 NEW amp EXISTING CONSTRUCTION LB6LEDA10L27K9 BL
3500 K 83 12 W 66
Progress Lighting
6 DOWNLIGHT P8071-30K9-L10
3000 K 83 12 W 66
Tech Lighting
3 FIXED DOWNLIGHT E3W-LH927
2700 K 92 17 W 63
Tech Lighting
4 ADJUSTABLE DOWNLIGHT E4W-LH930--277
3000 K 93 31 W 66
PRODUCT CCT CRI WATTSEFFICACY (Lumens Watt)
27HIGH-EFFICACY RESIDENTIAL LIGHTING
CEILING-MOUNTED SURFACE LUMINAIRES
PRODUCT CCT CRI WATTSEFFICACY (Lumens Watt)
Hinkley Lighting
HADLEY 3301-LED
2700 K 90 32 W 65
Hinkley Lighting
BRANTLEY 4631-LED
2700 K 90 32 W 65
Hinkley Lighting
BOLLA 5551-LED
2700 K 90 32 W 65
Hinkley Lighting
FLUSH MOUNT 5551-LED
2700 K 96 32 W 60
Permlight
12 ROUND CLIPS FLUSH MOUNT XXX-5545
2700 K 90 26 W 64
Permlight
12 SQUARE FLUSH MOUNT XXX-5555
2700 K 90 26 W 64
Permlight
12 SQUARE FRAMED FLUSH MOUNT XXX-5565
2700 K 90 26 W 64
Permlight
CYLINDER FLUSH MOUNT XXX-6100
2700 K 90 13 W 64
Permlight
RECTANGLE FLUSH MOUNT XXX-6115
2700 K 90 13 W 64
2013 TITLE 24 PART 628
CEILING-MOUNTED SUSPENDED LUMINAIRES
PRODUCT CCT CRI WATTSEFFICACY (Lumens Watt)
Fredrick Ramond
MAPLE LOFT FR35002MPL
2700 K 90 6 W 45
Fredrick Ramond
WALNUT LOFT FR35018WAL
2700 K 90 6 W 45
Fredrick Ramond
CHERRY LOFT FR35027CHY
2700 K 90 6 W 45
Fredrick Ramond
BAMBOO ZEN FR46208BAM
2700 K 90 6 W 45
Hinkley Lighting
HATHAWAY 3220-LED
2700 K 90 32 W 60
Hinkley Lighting
ZELDA 3441-L720
2700 K 90 32 W 60
Hinkley Lighting
BOLLA 4651-LED
2700 K 90 32 W 60
29HIGH-EFFICACY RESIDENTIAL LIGHTING
WALL-MOUNTED LUMINAIRES
PRODUCT CCT CRI WATTSEFFICACY (Lumens Watt)
Hinkley Lighting
LEX 2714
2700 K 90 15 W 53
Hinkley Lighting
LANZA 5590-LED
2700 K 90 8 W 60
Hinkley Lighting
LATITUDE 5650-LED
2700 K 90 8 W 60
Permlight
SMALL RECTANGLE XXX-0910
2700 K 90 13 W 64
Permlight
SMALL CYLINDER XXX-0940
2700 K 90 13 W 64
Permlight
TRIANGLE WALL SCONCE XXX-1141
2700 K 90 13 W 64
Permlight
LARGE CYLINDER XXX-1411
2700 K 90 26 W 64
Permlight
SMALL CROSS WINDOW XXX-7285
2700 K 90 13 W 64
2013 TITLE 24 PART 630
UNDERCABINET LUMINAIRES
PRODUCT CCT CRI WATTSEFFICACY (Lumens Watt)
Aion LED
A-TRACK LIGHT ENGINE 3924-29-
2950 K 92 1 W 80
Diode LED
AVENUE 24 PREMIUM LED TAPE DI-24V-AV50-90
5000 K 90 2 W 85
EcoSense
48 ECOSPEC LINEAR LCILH-12-27-120-120
4000 K 90 3 W 58
EcoSense
12 ECOSPEC LINEAR LCISH-12-27-120-120
4000 K 90 4 W 55
Nora Lighting
6 LED LIGHT BAR NULB-6LED9
3000 K 90 3 W 38
Tech Lighting
UNILUME LED LIGHT BAR 700UCRD07930-LED
3000 K 91 4 W 74
Tech Lighting
UNILUME LED MICRO CHANNEL 700UMCD304930
3000 K 90 13 W 63
WAC Lighting
INVISLED PRO2 LED-TX2427-
2700 K 90 4 W 81
31HIGH-EFFICACY RESIDENTIAL LIGHTING
VANITY LUMINAIRES
PRODUCT CCT CRI WATTSEFFICACY (Lumens Watt)
Hinkley Lighting
DARIA 3-LED 55483-LED
2700 K 90 24 W 60
Hinkley Lighting
DARIA 3-LED 55484-LED
2700 K 90 32 W 60
Hinkley Lighting
MERIDIAN 3-LED 5593-LED
2700 K 90 24 W 60
Hinkley Lighting
DUET 2-LED 5612-LED
2700 K 90 16 W 60
Hinkley Lighting
DUET 5-LED 5615-LED
2700 K 90 40 W 60
Hinkley Lighting
LATITUDE 4-LED 5654-LED
2700 K 90 32 W 60
Hinkley Lighting
DAPHNE 2-LED 5922-LED
2700 K 90 16 W 60
Hinkley Lighting
DAPHNE 5-LED 5925-LED
2700 K 90 40 W 60
2013 TITLE 24 PART 632
PGampErsquos Emerging Technologies Program ET13PGE1063
APPENDIX C ndash MEASUREMENT AND DATA COLLECTION EQUIPMENT SPECIFICATIONS
Revenue-grade Energy and Power MetersThe WattNode Revenue meters are designed for use in applications where revenue-grade or utility-grade accu-racy is required The WattNode Revenue meters meet the accuracy requirements of ANSI C121 and support Modbusreg BACnetreg or LonTalkreg communications proto-cols or a pulse output
The WatttNode Revenue marks a new level of per-formance for the WattNode brand of electric power meters The WattNode Revenue electric power meters are optimized for tenant submetering in residential and commercial spaces PV energy generation metering UMCS metering on military bases and more
The WattNode Revenue meters are designed for 120208 and 277480 Vac applications For ANSI C121 accuracy current transformers compliant with IEEE C5713 Class 06 are required Each meter is calibrated using NIST traceable equipment following the procedures
reg reg reg
WATTNODE REVENUE for BACnet
WATTNODE REVENUE for Modbus
WATTNODE REVENUE for LonWorks
WATTNODE REVENUE Pulse
CURRENT TRANSFORMERS
New
ANSI C12 Load Performance Test - RWNC-3Y-208-MB WattNode Revenue
Current (Percent of Fullscale)
Ener
gy (P
erce
nt R
egis
trat
ion)
1 2 3 10 15 30 50 75 90 100
1020
1015
1010
1005
1000
995
990
985
980
C121 Limit
C121 Limit
RWNC-3Y-208-MB
1
19 SymbolsRead understand and follow all instructions including warnings and precautions before installing and using the product
Potential Shock Hazard from Dangerous High Voltage
Functional ground should be connected to earth ground if possible but is not required for safety grounding
UL Listing mark This shows the UL and cUL (Canadian) listing mark
FCC Mark This logo indicates compliance with part 15 of the FCC rules
Complies with the regulations of the European Union for Product Safety and Electro-Magnetic Compatibilitybull Low Voltage Directive ndash EN 61010-1 2001bull EMC Directive ndash EN 61327 1997 + A11998 + A22001
V~ This indicates an AC voltage
2 OverviewCongratulations on your purchase of the WattNodereg Pulse wattwatt-hour trans-ducer The WattNode meter enables you to make power and energy measure-ments within electric service panels avoiding the costly installation of subpanels and associated wiring It is designed for use in demand side management (DSM) submetering and energy monitoring applications
21 Additional LiteratureSee the Continental Control Systems LLC website (wwwccontrolsyscom)for product pages datasheets and support pages for all WattNode meter mod-els and current transformers Each WattNode model has an Operating and Reference Guide with detailed information on the available measurements and interface
22 Electrical Service TypesTable 1 above lists the WattNode models and common circuit types In the ldquoElectrical Service Typesrdquo column when two voltages are listed with a slash between them they indicate the line-to-neutral line-to-line voltages The ldquoLine-to-Neutralrdquo and ldquoLine-to-Linerdquo columns show the operating ranges for the WattNode meters
Connect the line voltages to the meter inputs as shown in the following figures for each service type See Figure 1 above for an overview
Ground
WH
ITE
BLA
CK
OslashB CT
OslashC CT
OslashA CT
OslashB
OslashC
N
OslashA
GND or CommonInput or Positive
Monitoring Equip-ment or Display
P1P2P3
COM
Out
put
Status
Status
Status
WATTNODEreg PULSE
WNB-WNB- -P
-P
Neutral
Phase A
Phase B
Phase C
LOA
D
WHITEBLACK
WH
ITE
BLA
CK
LINE
SourceFaces
CurrentTransformers
3Y-xxx3D-xxx
Figure 1 WattNode Wiring Diagram
ElectricalService (or Load) Types
Line-to-Neutral (Vac)
Line-to-Line(Vac)
WattNode Service
Type
MeterPowered
by1 Phase 2 Wire 120V with neutral 96 ndash 138 na 3Y-208 N and OslashA1 Phase 2 Wire 230V with neutral (non-US) 184 ndash 264 na 3Y-400 N and OslashA1 Phase 2 Wire 277V with neutral 222 ndash 318 na 3Y-480 N and OslashA1 Phase 2 Wire 208V no neutral na 166 ndash 276 3D-240 OslashA and OslashB1 Phase 2 Wire 240V no neutral na 166 ndash 276 3D-240 OslashA and OslashB
1 Phase 3 Wire 120V240V with neutral 96 ndash 138 166 ndash 2763Y-208 N and OslashA3D-240 OslashA and OslashB
3 Phase 3 Wire Delta 208V no neutral na 166 ndash 276 3D-240 OslashA and OslashB3 Phase 3 Wire Delta 400V no neutral (non-US) na 320 ndash 460 3D-400 OslashA and OslashB3 Phase 3 Wire Delta 480V no neutral na 384 ndash 552 3D-480 OslashA and OslashB
3 Phase 4 Wire Wye 120V208V with neutral 96 ndash 138 166 ndash 2763Y-208 N and OslashA3D-240 OslashA and OslashB
3 Phase 4 Wire Delta 120208240V with neutral 96 ndash 138 166 ndash 276 3D-240 OslashA and OslashB3 Phase 4 Wire Wye 230V400V with neutral (non-US) 184 ndash 264 320 ndash 460
3Y-400 N and OslashA3D-400 OslashA and OslashB
3 Phase 4 Wire Wye 277V480V with neutral 222 ndash 318 384 ndash 5523Y-480 N and OslashA3D-480 OslashA and OslashB
3 Phase 4 Wire Delta 240415480V with neutral 222 ndash 318 384 ndash 552 3D-480 OslashA and OslashB3 Phase 4 Wire Wye 347V600V with neutral 278 ndash 399 480 ndash 690 3Y-600 N and OslashA
Table 1 WattNode Models
WATTNODE reg PULSEand
WATTNODEreg REVENUEElectric Power MeterInstallation Manual
Series - Service - Interface Options______ - _______ - ________
3Y-2083Y-4003Y-4803Y-6003D-2403D-4003D-480
P = Pulse
See website for options
WNB = Second generationRWNB = Revenue second generation
1 Precautions11 Only qualified personnel or licensed electri-
cians should install the WattNode meter The mains voltages of 120 to 600 Vac can be lethal
12 Follow all applicable local and national electri-cal and safety codes
13 The terminal block screws are not insulated Do not contact metal tools to the screw termi-nals if the circuit is live
14 Verify that circuit voltages and currents are within the proper range for the meter model
15 Use only UL listed or UL recognized current transformers (CTs) with built-in burden resis-tors that generate 0333 Vac (333 millivolts AC) at rated current Do not use current output (ratio) CTs such as 1 amp or 5 amp output CTs they will destroy the meter and may create a shock hazard
16 Protect the line voltage inputs to the meter with fuses or circuit breakers (not needed for the neutral or ground wires) See 331 below
17 Equipment must be disconnected from the HAZARDOUS LIVE voltages before access
18 If the meter is not installed correctly the safety protections may be impaired
2
221 Single-Phase Two-Wire with NeutralThis is a common residential and branch circuit connection Up to three such circuits may be monitored with one meter by also using the OslashB and OslashC inputs
Ground
OslashB
OslashC
N
OslashA
WATTN
OD
Ereg
NeutralLine
222 Single-Phase Two-Wire No NeutralThis circuit occurs in residential (commonly 120240 Vac) and some commercial applications The meter is powered from the OslashA and OslashB terminals We recom-mend connecting the N terminal to ground to provide a clean voltage reference for the measurement circuitry (no current will flow through this terminal)
Ground
OslashB
OslashC
N
OslashA
WATTN
OD
Ereg
L1L2
223 Single-Phase Three-Wire with NeutralThis is a common residential service at 120240 Vac
Ground
OslashB
OslashC
N
OslashA
WATTN
OD
Ereg
NeutralL1L2
224 Three-Phase Three-Wire Delta No NeutralThis is common in commercial and industrial settings In some cases the service may be four-wire wye but the load may only be three wire (no neutral)
Occasionally a load will only be connected to two of the three lines (say L1 and L2) For this case connect the two active lines to the OslashA and OslashB terminals and connect two CTs for the two lines
Ground
OslashB
OslashC
N
OslashA
WATTN
OD
Ereg
L1L2L3
225 Three-Phase Four-Wire Wye with NeutralThis is a common commercial and industrial service
Ground
OslashB
OslashC
N
OslashA
WATTN
OD
Ereg
NeutralL1L2L3
226 Three-Phase Four-Wire Delta with Neutral (Wild Leg)The uncommon four-wire delta electrical service is a three-phase delta service with a center-tap on one of the transformer windings to create a neutral for single-phase loads
The high-leg or phase with the higher voltage as measured to neutral has tra-ditionally been designated ldquoPhase Brdquo A change to the 2008 NEC now allows the high leg of a four-wire three-phase delta service to be labeled as the ldquoCrdquo phase instead of the ldquoBrdquo phase The WattNode meter will work correctly with the high-leg connected to OslashA OslashB or OslashC
See the web article Four Wire Delta Circuits for more information
Ground
OslashB
OslashC
N
OslashA
WATTN
OD
Ereg
NeutralL1L2L3
227 Grounded Leg ServiceIn rare cases with delta services or single-phase two-wire services without neutral one of the phases may be grounded
The WattNode meter will correctly measure services with a grounded leg but the measured voltage and power for the grounded phase will be zero and the status LEDs (if present) will not light for the grounded phase because the volt-age is near zero Also this type of service may result in unusual power factors
See the web article Grounded Leg Services for more information
3 Installation31 Installation ChecklistSee the sections referenced below for installation details
Mount the WattNode meter (see 32)Turn off power before making line voltage connectionsConnect circuit breakers or fuses and disconnects (see 331)Connect the line voltage wires to the meterrsquos green terminal block (see 332)Mount the CTs around the line conductors Make sure the CTs face the source (see 34)Connect the twisted white and black wires from the CTs to the black terminal block on the meter matching the wire colors to the white and black dots on the meter label (see 341)Check that the CT phases match the line voltage phases (see 34)Record the CT rated current for each meter because it will be required during commissioningConnect the output terminals of the WattNode meter to the monitoring equipment (see 35)Check that all the wires are securely installed in the terminal blocks by tugging on each wireApply power to the meterVerify that the LEDs indicate correct operation (see 42)
32 MountingProtect the meter from temperatures below ndash30degC (-22degF) or above 55degC (131degF) excessive moisture dust salt spray or other contamination using a NEMA rated enclosure if necessary The meter requires an environment no worse than pollution degree 2 (normally only non-conductive pollution occasionally a temporary conductivity caused by condensation)The meter must be installed in an electrical service panel an enclosure or a limited access electrical roomDo not use the meter as a drilling guide the drill chuck can damage the screw terminals and metal shavings may fall into the connectors
The meter has two mounting holes spaced 1366 mm (5375 in) apart (center-to-center) These mounting holes are normally obscured by the detachable screw terminals Remove the screw terminals to mark the hole positions and mount the meter
Self-tapping 8 sheet metal screws are included Donrsquot over-tighten the screws as long-term stress on the case can cause cracking
33 Connect Voltage Terminals331 Circuit ProtectionThe WattNode meter is considered ldquopermanently connected equipmentrdquo and requires a disconnect means (circuit breaker switch or disconnect) and over-current protection (fuse or circuit breaker)
The meter only draws 10-30 milliamps so the rating of any switches discon-nects fuses andor circuit breakers is determined by the wire gauge the mains voltage and the current interrupting rating required
3
The switch disconnect or circuit breaker must be as close as practicable to the meter and must be easy to operateUse circuit breakers or fuses rated for 20 amps or lessUse ganged circuit breakers when monitoring more than one line voltageThe circuit breakers or fuses must protect the mains terminals labeled OslashA OslashB and OslashC If neutral is also protected then the overcurrent protec-tion device must interrupt both neutral and the ungrounded conductors simultaneouslyThe circuit protection disconnect system must meet IEC 60947-1 and IEC 60947-3 as well as all national and local electrical codes
332 Line WiringAlways disconnect power before connecting the line voltage inputs to the meterFor the line voltage wires CCS recommends 16 to 12 AWG stranded wire type THHN MTW or THWN 600 VDo not place more than one voltage wire in a screw terminal use separate wire nuts or terminal blocks if neededVerify that the line voltages match the line-to-line Oslash-Oslash and line-to-neutral Oslash-N values printed in the white box on the front label
Connect each line voltage to the appropriate phase also connect ground and neutral (if applicable) The neutral connection ldquoNldquo is not required on delta mod-els (3D-240 3D-400 and 3D-480) but we recommend connecting it to ground if neutral is not present
The screw terminals handle wire up to 12 AWG Connect each voltage line to the green terminal block as shown in Figure 1 above After the voltage lines have been connected make sure both terminal blocks are fully seated in the meter
When power is first applied check that the LEDs behave normally on models with status LEDs if you see them flashing red-green-red-green (see Figure 7) the line voltage is too high for this model so disconnect the power immediately
333 GroundingThe WattNode uses a plastic enclosure insulation and internal isolation bar-riers instead of protective earthing The ground terminal on the green screw terminal block is a functional ground designed to improve the measurement accuracy and noise immunity If necessary this terminal may be left discon-nected on wye models (-3Y)
34 Connect Current TransformersTo meet the UL listing requirements the WattNode meter may only be used with the following UL listed or UL recognized voltage output current transformer models These all generate 33333 millivolts AC at rated current See the cur-rent transformer datasheets for CT ratings
ACT-0750-xxx CTL-1250-xxx CTM-0360-xxxCTS-0750-xxx CTS-1250-xxx CTS-2000-xxxxCTB-wwwXhhh-xxxx CTBL-wwwXhhh-xxxx CTT-0300-xxxCTT-0500-xxx CTT-0750-xxx CTT-1000-xxxCTT-1250-xxx
ldquoxxxrdquo indicates the full scale current ratingldquowwwrdquo and ldquohhhrdquo indicate the width and height in inchesldquoddddrdquo indicates the opening diameter of the loop for flexible Rogowski CTs
See the web article Selecting Current Transformers for information on se-lecting appropriate current transformers (CTs)
Do not use ratio or current output CTs such as 1 amp or 5 amp output modelsSee the CT datasheets for the maximum input current ratingsBe careful to match the CTs with the voltage phases Make sure the OslashA CTis measuring the current on the same phase being monitored by OslashA and the same for phases B and C Use the supplied colored labels or colored tape to identify the CT leadsTo minimize current measurement noise avoid extending the CT wires especially in noisy environments If it is necessary to extend the wires use twisted pair wire 22 to 14 AWG rated for 300 V or 600 V (not less than the service voltage) and shielded if possibleFind the source arrow or label ldquoTHIS SIDE TOWARD SOURCErdquo on the CT and facepoint toward the source of currentOPTIONAL if you see spurious readings on unused phases jumper the unused CT inputs for each unused CT connect a short wire from the terminal marked with a white dot to the terminal marked with a black dot
To install the CTs pass the conductor to be measured through the CT and con-nect the CT leads to the meter Always remove power before disconnecting any live conductors Put the line conductors through the CTs as shown in Figure 1 above
CTs are directional If they are mounted backwards or with their white and black wires swapped the measured power will be negative The status LEDs indicate negative measured power by flashing red
Split-core CTs can be opened for installation around a conductor A nylon cable tie may be secured around the CT to prevent inadvertent opening
341 CT WiringConnect the white and black CT wires to the meter terminals marked OslashA CTOslashB CT and OslashC CT (see Figure 1 above) Excess length may be trimmed from the wires if desired The current transformers connect to the six position black screw terminal block Connect each CT with the white wire aligned with the white dot on the label and the black wire aligned with the black dot Note the order in which the phases are connected as the line voltage phases mustmatch the current phases for accurate power measurement
35 Connect the Output SignalsThe meter outputs are isolated from dangerous voltages so you can con-nect them at any timeIf the output wiring is near line voltage wiring use wires or cables with a 300 V or 600 V rating (not less than the service voltage)If the output wiring is near bare conductors it should be double insulated or jacketedYou may install two wires into each screw terminal by twisting the wires to-gether inserting them into terminal and securely tightening Note a loose wire can disable an entire network section Use twisted-pair cable (unshielded or shielded) to prevent interference
351 WattNode Pulse OutputsUse the following directions when connecting the pulse outputs of a WattNode Pulse meter
The outputs P1 P2 and P3 should not be connected to negative voltages or to voltages greater than +60 VdcFor long distances use shielded twisted-pair cable to prevent interference With shielded cable connect the shield to earth ground at one endIf you need to add pull-up resistors see the Operating and Reference Guide
The WattNode pulse outputs may be connected to most devices that expect a contact closure or relay input See the Operating and Reference Guide for more complex connection information
Common (or GND)Input (Positive)
Monitoring Equipment or Display
Input (Positive)Input (Positive)
P1P2P3
COM
Out
put
WATTNODE
The following table shows the pulse output channel assignments for the stan-dard bidirectional outputs and for the optional per-phase outputs (Option P3)
PulseOutputs
P1Output
P2Output
P3Output
Standard Outputs - Bidirectional
Positive energy - all phases
Negative energy - all phases Not used
Option P3Per-Phase Outputs
Phase A positive energy
Phase B positive energy
Phase C positive energy
Option PVPhotovoltaic
Phase A+B pos energy
Phase A+B neg energy
Phase C positive energy
Option DPO Dual Positive Outputs
Positive energy - all phases
Negative energy - all phases
Positive energy - all phases
Table 2 Pulse Output Assignments
4
4 Operation41 Initial ConfigurationFor WattNode Pulse meters the only required configuration will be in the data logger or pulse counting device which must be configured with the correct scale factors to convert from pulses to energy (kWh)
For details on configuring the WattNode meter see the appropriate Operating and Reference Guide for your model
The meter does not include a display or buttons so it is not possible to configure or monitor the meter directly other than the basic LED diagnostics described below
42 Power Status LEDsThe three status LEDs on the front of the meter can help indicate correct opera-tion The ldquoArdquo ldquoBrdquo and ldquoCrdquo on the diagrams indicate the three phases
421 Normal StartupThe meter displays the following startup sequence whenever power is first applied
10sec10sec10sec
GreenYellowRed
GreenYellowRed
GreenYellowRed
CBA
422 Positive PowerAny phase with the LEDs flashing green is indicating normal positive power
Green Off Green Off Green Off
423 No PowerAny phase with a solid green LED indicates no power but line voltage is pres-ent
Green
424 No VoltageAny phase LED that is off indicates no voltage on that phase
Off
425 Negative PowerRed flashing indicates negative power for that phase Reversed CTs swapped CT wires or CTs not matched with line voltage phases can cause this
Red Off Red Off Red OffC
426 Overvoltage WarningThe following indicates that the line voltage is too high for this model Discon-nect power immediately Check the line voltages and the meter ratings (in the white box on the label)
10sec
GR GR GR GR GR GR
GR GR GR GR GR GR
GR GR GR GR GR GRCBA
427 Meter Not OperatingIf none of the LEDs light then check that the correct line voltages are applied to the meter If the voltages are correct call customer service for assistance
Off
Off
Off
CBA
428 WattNode ErrorIf the meter experiences an internal error it will light all LEDs red for three or more seconds If you see this happen repeatedly return the meter for service
30sec
Red
Red
Red
CBA
For other LED patterns see the Operating and Reference Guide or contact support for assistance
43 MonitoringThe meter does not include a display or buttons so it is not possible to oper-ate the meter directly The following is a brief overview of the possible remote monitoring
The WattNode Pulse models uses optoisolator outputs that simulate contact closures These are generally connected to a datalogger or similar monitor-ing device which can count pulses to measure energy See the Operating and Reference Guide for equations to scale pulse counts and frequencies to energy and power
44 Maintenance and RepairThe WattNode meter requires no maintenance It is not user serviceable and there are no replaceable parts except the pluggable screw terminals There are no diagnostic tests that can be performed by the user other than checking for errors via the status LEDs
In the event of any failure the meter must be returned for service (contact CCS for an RMA) For a new installation follow the diagnostic and troubleshooting instructions in the Operating and Reference Guide before returning the meter for service to ensure that the problem is not connection related
The WattNode meter should not normally need to be cleaned but if cleaning is desired power must be disconnected first and a dry or damp cloth or brush should be used
5 SpecificationsThe following is a list of basic specifications For extended specifications see the Operating and Reference Guide
51 AccuracyThe following accuracy specifications do not include errors caused by the cur-rent transformer accuracy or phase angle errors ldquoRated currentrdquo is the current that generates a CT output voltage of 033333 Vac
511 Normal OperationLine voltage -20 to +15 of nominalPower factor 10Frequency 48 - 62 HzAmbient Temperature 23degC plusmn 5degCCT Current 5 - 100 of rated current
Accuracy plusmn05 of reading
For accuracy at other conditions see the reference guide
52 MeasurementUpdate Rate Internally all measurements are performed at this rate
~200 millisecondsStart-Up Time the meter starts measuring powerenergy and reporting mea-surements or generating pulses this long after AC voltage is applied
~500 millisecondsDefault CT Phase Angle Correction 00 degrees
5
53 Models and Electrical SpecificationsThe service ldquo3Y-208rdquo applies to the model WNB-3Y-208-P RWNB-3Y-208-Pand so on for the other service types
Service Nominal Vac Line-to-Neutral
Nominal Vac Line-to-Line Phases Wires
3Y-208 120 208ndash240 1 - 3 2 - 43Y-400 230 400 1 - 3 2 - 43Y-480 277 480 1 - 3 2 - 43Y-600 347 600 1 - 3 2 - 43D-240 120 208ndash240 1 - 3 2 - 43D-400 230 400 3 2 - 43D-480 277 480 3 2 - 4
Table 3 WattNode Model Service Types
for measuring wye circuits In the absence of neutral voltages are measured with respect to ground Delta WattNode models use the phase A and phase B connections for power
Over-Voltage Limit 125 of nominal Vac Extended over-voltage operation can damage the WattNode and void the warranty
Over-Current Limit 120 of rated current Exceeding 120 of rated cur-rent will not harm the WattNode meter but the current and power will not be measured accurately
Maximum Surge 4kV according to EN 61000-4-5Power Consumption The following tables shows maximum volt-amperes the power supply ranges typical power consumption and typical power fac-tor values with all three phases powered at nominal line voltages The power supply draws most of the total power consumed while the measurement circuitry draws 1-10 of the total (6-96 milliwatts per phase depending on the model) Due to the design of the power supply WattNode meters draw slightly more power at 50 Hz
Service Rated VA (1)
Power Supply Range (Vac)
Power Supply Terminals
3Y-208 4 VA 96 ndash 138 N and OslashA3Y-400 4 VA 184 ndash 264 N and OslashA3Y-480 4 VA 222 ndash 318 N and OslashA3Y-600 4 VA 278 ndash 399 N and OslashA3D-240 4 VA 166 ndash 276 OslashA and OslashB3D-400 3 VA 320 ndash 460 OslashA and OslashB3D-480 3 VA 384 ndash 552 OslashA and OslashB
Table 4 Service Volt-Amperes and Power Supply Range(1) Rated VA is the maximum at 115 of nominal Vac at 50 Hz This
is the same as the value that appears on the front label of the meter
Service Real Power (60 Hz)
Real Power (50 Hz)
Power Factor
3Y-208 16 W 18 W 0753Y-400 16 W 18 W 0643Y-480 21 W 24 W 0633Y-600 12 W 12 W 0473D-240 17 W 19 W 0633D-400 14 W 15 W 0473D-480 18 W 22 W 053
Table 5 Power Consumption
Maximum Power Supply Voltage Range -20 to +15 of nominal (see table above) For the 3D-240 service this is -20 of 208 Vac (166 Vac) to +15 of 240 Vac (276 Vac)
Operating Frequencies 5060 HzMeasurement Category CAT IIIMeasurement category III is for measurements performed in the building installation Examples are measurements on distribution boards circuit-breakers wiring including cables bus-bars junction boxes switches sock-et-outlets in the fixed installation and equipment for industrial use and some
other equipment for example stationary motors with permanent connection to the fixed installation
The line voltage measurement terminals on the meter are rated for the fol-lowing CAT III voltages (these ratings appear on the front label)
Service CAT III Voltage Rating3Y-2083D-240 240 Vac
3Y-4003D-400 400 Vac
3Y-4803D-480 480 Vac
3Y-600 600 VacTable 6 WattNode CAT III Ratings
Current Transformer InputsNominal Input Voltage (At CT Rated Current) 033333 Vac RMSAbsolute Maximum Input Voltage 50 Vac RMSInput Impedance at 5060 Hz
54 Pulse OutputsFull-Scale Pulse FrequenciesStandard (All Models) 400 HzCustom (Bidirectional) 001 Hz to 600 HzCustom (Option P3 Option PV Option DPO) 001 Hz to 150 Hz
Absolute Maximum Pulse Output FrequenciesStandard Models (Bidirectional) 900 HzOption P3 Option PV Option DPO 200 Hz
Output Waveform square-wave ~50 duty cycleOption PW programmable pulse ON (closed or conducting period 1 to 65535 milliseconds
Optoisolator OutputsIsolation 5000 Vac RMSBreakdown Voltage (collectorndashemitter) 60 V (exceeding this may destroy the outputs)
Maximum Reverse Voltage (emitter-collector) 5 Vdc (exceeding may destroy the outputs)
Maximum Leakage (OFF) Current (collectorndashemitter) 100 nARecommended Load Current (collectorndashemitter)mA (milliamp)
Maximum Load Current ~8 mA
55 CertificationsSafety
UL 61010-1CANCSA-C222 No 61010-1-04IEC 61010-1
Immunity EN 61326 2002 (Industrial Locations)Electrostatic Discharge EN 61000-4-2Radiated RF Immunity EN 61000-4-3Electrical Fast Transient Burst EN 61000-4-4Surge Immunity EN 61000-4-5Conducted RF Immunity EN 61000-4-6Voltage Dips Interrupts EN 61000-4-11
EmissionsFCC Part 15 Class BEN 55022 1994 Class B
56 EnvironmentalOperating Temperature -30degC to +55degC (-22degF to 131degF)Altitude Up to 2000 m (6560 ft)Operating Humidity non-condensing 5 to 90 relative humidity (RH) up to 40degC decreasing linearly to 50 RH at 55degC
Pollution POLLUTION DEGREE 2 - Normally only non-conductive pollu-tion occasionally a temporary conductivity caused by condensation must be expected
Indoor Use Suitable for indoor use
6
Outdoor Use Suitable for outdoor use if mounted inside an electrical enclo-sure (Hammond Mfg Type EJ Series) rated NEMA 3R or 4 (IP 66)
57 MechanicalEnclosure High impact ABSPC plasticFlame Resistance Rating UL 94V-0 IEC FV-0Size 153 mm times 85 mm times 38 mm (602 in times 335 in times 150 in)
Connectors Euroblock pluggable terminal blocksGreen up to 12 AWG (25 mm2) 600 VBlack up to 12 AWG (25 mm2) 300 V
58 FCC InformationThis equipment has been tested and complies with the limits for a Class B digital device pursuant to part 15 of the FCC Rules Operation is subject to the following two conditions (1) This device may not cause harmful interference and (2) this device must accept any interference received including interfer-ence that may cause undesired operation
The FCC limits are designed to provide reasonable protection against harmful interference in a residential installation This equipment generates uses and can radiate radio frequency energy and if not installed and used in accordance with the instructions may cause harmful interference to radio communications However there is no guarantee that interference will not occur in a particular installation If this equipment does cause harmful interference to radio or televi-sion reception which can be determined by turning the equipment off and on the user is encouraged to try to correct the interference by one or more of the following measures
Reorient or relocate the receiving antennaIncrease the separation between the equipment and receiverConnect the equipment into an outlet on a circuit different from that to which the receiver is connectedConsult the dealer or an experienced radioTV technician for help
59 WarrantyAll products sold by Continental Control Systems LLC (CCS) are guaranteed against defects in material and workmanship for a period of five years from the original date of shipment CCSrsquos responsibility is limited to repair replace-ment or refund any of which may be selected by CCS at its sole discretion CCS reserves the right to substitute functionally equivalent new or serviceable used parts
WattNode Logger models include a lithium battery to preserve the date and time during power failures CCS will replace or provide a replacement battery at no charge if the battery fails within five years from the original date of shipment
This warranty covers only defects arising under normal use and does not in-clude malfunctions or failures resulting from misuse neglect improper appli-cation improper installation water damage acts of nature lightning product modifications alterations or repairs by anyone other than CCS
Except as set forth herein CCS makes no warranties expressed or im-plied and CCS disclaims and negates all other warranties including without limitation implied warranties of merchantability and fitness for a particular purpose
510 Limitation of LiabilityIn no event shall CCS be liable for any indirect special incidental puni-tive or consequential damages of any kind or nature arising out of the sale or use of its products whether such liability is asserted on the basis of contract tort or otherwise including without limitation lost profits even if CCS has been advised of the possibility of such damages
Customer acknowledges that CCSrsquos aggregate liability to Customer relat-ing to or arising out of the sale or use of CCSrsquos products whether such liability is asserted on the basis of contract tort or otherwise shall not exceed the purchase price paid by Customer for the products in respect of which damages are claimed Customer specifically acknowledges that CCSrsquos price for the products is based upon the limitations of CCSrsquos liability set forth herein
copy2009-2013 Continental Control Systems LLCDocument Number WN-Inst-P-101Revision Date April 18 2013Continental Control Systems LLC3131 Indian Rd Boulder CO 80301 USA(303) 444-7422 httpwwwccontrolsyscombull WattNode is a registered trademark of Continental Control Systems LLC
httpwwwccontrolsyscom Rev V17b
Continental Control Systems LLC
(M5)
WATTNODE reg PULSEInstallation and Operation Manual
WNB-3Y-208-P
WNB-3Y-400-P
WNB-3Y-480-P
WNB-3Y-600-P
WNB-3D-240-P
WNB-3D-400-P
WNB-3D-480-P
2
Information in this document is subject to change without notice
copy2007-2011 Continental Control Systems LLC All rights reserved
Printed in the United States of America
Document Number WNB-P-V17b
Revision Date November 30 2011
Continental Control Systems LLC
3131 Indian Rd Suite A
Boulder CO 80301
(303) 444-7422
FAX (303) 444-2903
E-mail techsupportccontrolsyscom
Web httpwwwccontrolsyscom
WattNode is a registered trademark of Continental Control Systems LLC
FCC InformationThis equipment has been tested and complies with the limits for a Class B digital device pursu-
ant to part 15 of the FCC Rules Operation is subject to the following two conditions (1) This
device may not cause harmful interference and (2) this device must accept any interference
received including interference that may cause undesired operation
The FCC limits are designed to provide reasonable protection against harmful interference in a
residential installation This equipment generates uses and can radiate radio frequency energy
and if not installed and used in accordance with the instructions may cause harmful interfer-
ence to radio communications However there is no guarantee that interference will not occur in
a particular installation If this equipment does cause harmful interference to radio or television
reception which can be determined by turning the equipment off and on the user is encouraged
to try to correct the interference by one or more of the following measures
Reorient or relocate the receiving antenna
Increase the separation between the equipment and receiver
Connect the equipment into an outlet on a circuit different from that to which the receiver is
connected
Consult the dealer or an experienced radioTV technician to help
Contents 3
ContentsOverview 4
Pulse Outputs 4
Diagnostic LEDs 4
Current Transformers 4
Additional Literature 4
Front Label 5
Installation 7Precautions 7
Electrical Service Types 8
Single-Phase Two-Wire with Neutral 8
Single-Phase Three-Wire (Mid-Point Neutral) 9
Single-Phase Two-Wire without Neutral 10
Three-Phase Four-Wire Wye 11
Three-Phase Three-Wire Delta Without Neutral 12
Three-Phase Four-Wire Delta (Wild Leg) 12
Grounded Leg Service 12
Mounting 13
Selecting Current Transformers 14
Connecting Current Transformers 15
Circuit Protection 16
Connecting Voltage Terminals 17
Connecting Pulse Outputs 17
Output Assignments 18
Pull-Up Resistor Selection 19
Installation Summary 19
Installation LED Diagnostics 20
Measurement Troubleshooting 22
Operating Instructions 24Pulse Outputs 24
Power and Energy Computation 25
Power and Energy Equations 27
Maintenance and Repair 29
Specifications 30Models 30
Model Options 30
Accuracy 31
Measurement 32
Pulse Outputs 32
Electrical 33
Certifications 35
Environmental 35
Mechanical 35
Current Transformers 35
Warranty 37Limitation of Liability 37
4 Overview
OverviewCongratulations on your purchase of the WattNodereg Pulse wattwatt-hour transducermeter
It accurately measures energy and power in a compact package The WattNode meter can fit
in existing electric service panels avoiding the costly installation of sub-panels and associated
wiring It is designed for use in demand side management (DSM) sub-metering and energy
monitoring applications The WattNode meter generates pulses proportional to total watt-hours
The pulse rate or frequency is proportional to the instantaneous power Models are available for
single-phase and three-phase wye and delta configurations for voltages from 120 Vac to 600 Vac
at 50 and 60 Hz
Pulse OutputsThe WattNode meter generates pulse outputs using one or more optoisolators (also called
photocouplers) These provide 5000 Vac of electrical isolation The pulse outputs can interface to
monitoring or data logging hardware without concerns about interference ground loops shock
hazard etc
The standard Pulse WattNode meter makes bidirectional power measurements (energy consump-
tion and energy production) It can be used for conventional power and energy measurement as
well as for net metering and photovoltaic (PV) applications
Option P3 - The per-phase measurement option measures one two or three separate
branch circuits with a single meter saving money and space
Option PV - The photovoltaic option measures residential PV systems One WattNode meter
measures the bidirectional total house energy and the PV (or wind) generated energy See
Manual Supplement MS-10 Option PV (Photovoltaic) for details
Options DPO - The dual positive outputs option behaves exactly like the standard bidirec-
tional model but with the addition of a second positive pulse output channel (on the P3
output terminal) This allows you to connect to two devices such as a display and a data
logger See Manual Supplement MS-11 Option DPO (Dual Positive Outputs) for details
See Model Options (p 30) in the Specifications section below for details and more options
Diagnostic LEDsThe Pulse WattNode meter includes three diagnostic LEDsmdashone per phase During normal
operation these LEDs flash on and off with the speed of flashing roughly proportional to the
power on each phase The LEDs flash green for positive power and red for negative power Other
conditions are signaled with different LED patterns See the Installation LED Diagnostics (p 20) section for full details
Current TransformersThe WattNode meter uses solid-core (toroidal) split-core (opening) and bus-bar style current
transformers (CTs) with a full-scale voltage output of 033333 Vac Split-core and bus-bar CTs
are easier to install without disconnecting the circuit being measured Solid-core CTs are more
compact generally more accurate and less expensive but installation requires that you discon-
nect the circuit to install the CTs
Additional Literature WattNode Advanced Pulse - Quick Install Guide
Manual Supplement MS-10 Option PV (Photovoltaic)
Manual Supplement MS-11 Option DPO (Dual Positive Outputs)
Manual Supplement MS-17 Option PW (Pulse Width)
Manual Supplement MS-19 Option SSR (Solid-State Relay)
Overview 5
Front LabelThis section describes all the connections information and symbols that appear on the front
label
Continental Control Systems LLC
WATTNODEreg PULSE
Watthour Meter 3KNN
Boulder CO USA
OslashB CT 0333V~
OslashC CT 0333V~
OslashA CT 0333V~ Status
Status
Status
P1
P2
P3
COMO
utpu
t
OslashB
OslashC
N
OslashAOslash-Oslash 240V~Oslash-Oslash 240V~
240V CAT III240V CAT III
Oslash-N 140V~Oslash-N 140V~
120V~ 50-60Hz 3W2010-09-26SN 59063
WNB-3Y-208-PQ
N
O
P
M
K
U W
HIJ
A
C
B
E
F
G
D
Y Z
R
VT X
S
Figure 1 Front Label Diagram
A WattNode model number The ldquoWNBrdquo indicates a second generation WattNode meter with
diagnostic LEDs and up to three pulse output channels The ldquo3rdquo indicates a three-phase model
The ldquoYrdquo or ldquoDrdquo indicates wye or delta models although delta models can measure wye circuits
(the difference is in the power supply) The ldquo208rdquo (or other value) indicates the nominal line-to-
line voltage Finally the ldquoPrdquo indicates pulse output
B Functional ground This terminal should be connected to earth ground if possible It is not
required for safety grounding but ensures maximum meter accuracy
C Neutral This terminal ldquoNrdquo should be connected to neutral when available
D E F Line voltage inputs These terminals connect to the OslashA (phase A) OslashB (phase B) and
OslashC (phase C) electric mains On wye models the meter is powered from OslashA and N terminals
On delta models the meter is powered from the OslashA and OslashB terminals
G Line voltage measurement ratings This block lists the nominal line-to-neutral ldquoOslash-N 120V~rdquo
voltage line-to-line ldquoOslash-Oslash 240V~rdquo voltage and the rated measurement voltage and category
ldquo240V CAT IIIrdquo for this WattNode model See the Specifications (p 30) for more informa-
tion about the measurement voltage and category
H UL Listing mark This shows the UL and cUL (Canadian) listing mark and number ldquo3KNNrdquo
I FCC Mark This logo indicates that the meter complied with part 15 of the FCC rules
J Status LEDs These are status LEDs used to verify and diagnose meter operation See
Installation LED Diagnostics (p 20) for details
K Current transformer (CT) voltage rating These markings ldquo0333V~rdquo indicate that the meter
must be used with CTs that generate a full-scale output of 0333 Vac (333 millivolts)
6 Overview
M N O Current transformer (CT) inputs These indicate CT screw terminals Note the white
and black circles at the left edge of the label these indicate the color of the CT wire that should
be inserted into the corresponding screw terminal The terminals marked with black circles are
connected together internally
P Pulse output common (COM) This is the common terminal for all three pulse output chan-
nels This terminal should be more negative than the P1 P2 and P3 terminals (unless the
meter was ordered with Option SSR)
Q R S Pulse outputs (P1 P2 P3) These are the pulse output channels Different models use
one two or three channels They should always be positive relative to the common terminal
T Serial number This shows the meter serial number and options if any are selected The
barcode contains the serial number in Code 128C format
U Mains supply rated voltage This is the rated supply voltage for this model The V~ indicates
AC voltage For wye models this voltage should appear between the N and OslashA terminals For
delta models this voltage should appear between the OslashA and OslashB terminals
V Mains frequencies This indicates the rated mains frequencies for the meter
W Maximum rated power This is the maximum power consumption (watts) for this model
X Manufacture date This is the date of manufacture for the WattNode meter
Y Caution risk of electrical shock This symbol indicates that there is a risk of electric shock
when installing and operating the meter if the installation instructions are not followed correctly
Z Attention - consult Manual This symbol indicates that there can be danger when installing
and operating the meter if the installation instructions are not followed correctly
Symbols
Attention -
Consult Installation
and Operation Manual
Read understand and follow all instructions in this Installa-
tion and Operation Manual including all warnings cautions
and precautions before installing and using the product
Caution ndash
Risk of Electrical
Shock
Potential Shock Hazard from Dangerous High Voltage
CE Marking
Complies with the regulations of the European Union for
Product Safety and Electro-Magnetic Compatibility
Low Voltage Directive ndash EN 61010-1 2001
EMC Directive ndash EN 61327 1997 + A11998 + A22001
Installation 7
InstallationPrecautions
DANGER mdash HAZARDOUS VOLTAGESWARNING - These installationservicing instructions are for use by qualified personnel
only To avoid electrical shock do not perform any servicing other than that contained in
the operating instructions unless you are qualified to do so
Always adhere to the following checklist
1) Only qualified personnel or licensed electricians should install the WattNode meter The
mains voltages of 120 Vac to 600 Vac can be lethal
2) Follow all applicable local and national electrical and safety codes
3) Install the meter in an electrical enclosure (panel or junction box) or in a limited access
electrical room
4) Verify that circuit voltages and currents are within the proper range for the meter model
5) Use only UL recognized current transformers (CTs) with built-in burden resistors that gener-
ate 0333 Vac (333 millivolts AC) at rated current Do not use current output (ratio) CTs such as 1 amp or 5 amp output CTs they will destroy the meter and may create a shock hazard See Current Transformers (p 35) for CT maximum input current ratings
6) Ensure that the line voltage inputs to the meter are protected by fuses or circuit breakers (not
needed for the neutral wire) See Circuit Protection (p 16) for details
7) Equipment must be disconnected from the HAZARDOUS LIVE voltages before access
8) The terminal block screws are not insulated Do not contact metal tools to the screw termi-
nals if the circuit is live
9) Do not place more than one line voltage wire in a screw terminal use wire nuts instead You
may use more than one CT wire per screw terminal
10) Before applying power check that all the wires are securely installed by tugging on each wire
11) Do not install the meter where it may be exposed to temperatures below ndash30degC or above
55degC excessive moisture dust salt spray or other contamination The meter requires an
environment no worse than pollution degree 2 (normally only non-conductive pollution
occasionally a temporary conductivity caused by condensation must be expected)
12) Do not drill mounting holes using the meter as a guide the drill chuck can damage the screw
terminals and metal shavings can fall into the connectors causing an arc risk
13) If the meter is installed incorrectly the safety protections may be impaired
8 Installation
Electrical Service TypesBelow is a list of service types with connections and recommended models Note the ground
connection improves measurement accuracy but is not required for safety
Model TypeLine-to- Neutral
Line-to- Line
Electrical Service Types
WNB-3Y-208-P Wye 120 Vac208ndash240
Vac
1 Phase 2 Wire 120V with neutral
1 Phase 3 Wire 120V240V with neutral
3 Phase 4 Wire Wye 120V208V with neutral
WNB-3Y-400-P Wye 230 Vac 400 Vac1 Phase 2 Wire 230V with neutral
3 Phase 4 Wire Wye 230V400V with neutral
WNB-3Y-480-P Wye 277 Vac 480 Vac3 Phase 4 Wire Wye 277V480V with neutral
1 Phase 2 Wire 277V with neutral
WNB-3Y-600-P Wye 347 Vac 600 Vac 3 Phase 4 Wire Wye 347V600V with neutral
WNB-3D-240-PDelta
or Wye
120ndash140
Vac
208ndash240
Vac
1 Phase 2 Wire 208V (no neutral)
1 Phase 2 Wire 240V (no neutral)
1 Phase 3 Wire 120V240V with neutral
3 Phase 3 Wire Delta 208V (no neutral)
3 Phase 4 Wire Wye 120V208V with neutral
3 Phase 4 Wire Delta 120208240V with neutral
WNB-3D-400-PDelta
or Wye230 Vac 400 Vac
3 Phase 3 Wire Delta 400V (no neutral)
3 Phase 4 Wire Wye 230V400V with neutral
WNB-3D-480-PDelta
or Wye277 Vac 480 Vac
3 Phase 3 Wire Delta 480V (no neutral)
3 Phase 4 Wire Wye 277V480V with neutral
3 Phase 4 Wire Delta 240415480V with neutral
The wire count does NOT include ground It only includes neutral (if present) and phase wires
Table 1 WattNode Models
Single-Phase Two-Wire with NeutralThis configuration is most often seen in homes and offices The two conductors are neutral and
line For these models the meter is powered from the N and OslashA terminals
Figure 2 Single-Phase Two-Wire Connection
Ground
WH
ITE
BLA
CK
OslashB CT
OslashC CT
OslashA CT
OslashB
OslashC
N
OslashA
GND or CommonInput or Positive
Monitoring Equip-ment or Display
P1P2P3
COM
Out
put
Status
Status
Status
WATTNODEreg PULSE
WNB-WNB- -P
-P
Line
Neutral
LINE
LOA
D
ShortingJumpers
SourceFace
CurrentTransformer
3Y-xxx
Installation 9
Recommended WattNode ModelsThe following table shows the WattNode models that should be used depending on the line to
neutral voltage
Line to Neutral Voltage WattNode Model120 Vac WNB-3Y-208-P
230 Vac WNB-3Y-400-P
277 Vac WNB-3Y-480-P
Single-Phase Three-Wire (Mid-Point Neutral)This configuration is seen in North American residential and commercial service with 240 Vac for
large appliances The three conductors are a mid-point neutral and two line voltage wires with AC
waveforms 180deg out of phase this results in 120 Vac between either line conductors (phase) and
neutral and 240 Vac (or sometimes 208 Vac) between the two line conductors (phases)
Figure 3 Single-Phase Three-Wire Connection
Recommended WattNode ModelsThe following table shows the WattNode models that can be used If neutral may or may not be
present you should use the WNB-3D-240-P (see Single-Phase Two-Wire without Neutral below) If neutral is present it must be connected for accurate measurements If phase B may
not be present you should use the WNB-3Y-208-P (see Single-Phase Two-Wire with Neutral above)
Meter Power Source WattNode ModelN and OslashA (Neutral and Phase A) WNB-3Y-208-P
OslashA and OslashB (Phase A and Phase B) WNB-3D-240-P
Ground
WH
ITE
BLA
CK
OslashB CT
OslashC CT
OslashA CT
OslashB
OslashC
N
OslashA
GND or CommonInput or Positive
Monitoring Equip-ment or Display
P1P2P3
COM
Out
put
Status
Status
Status
WATTNODEreg PULSE
WNB-WNB- -P
-P
Phase A
Neutral
Phase B
WHITEBLACK
120 Vac240 Vac
120 Vac
LINE
LOA
D
ShortingJumper Source
Faces
CurrentTransformers
3Y-2083D-240
10 Installation
Single-Phase Two-Wire without NeutralThis is seen in residential and commercial service with 208 to 240 Vac for large appliances The
two conductors have AC waveforms 120deg or 180deg out of phase Neutral is not used For this
configuration the meter is powered from the OslashA and OslashB (phase A and phase B) terminals
For best accuracy we recommend connecting the N (neutral) terminal to the ground terminal
This will not cause ground current to flow because the neutral terminal does not power the meter
Figure 4 Single-Phase Two-Wire without Neutral Connection
Recommended WattNode ModelThis configuration is normally measured with the following WattNode model
Line-to-Line Voltage WattNode Model208 - 240 Vac WNB-3D-240-P
If neutral is available you may also use the WNB-3Y-208-P model If you use the WNB-3Y-208-P
you will need to hook up the meter as shown in section Single-Phase Three-Wire (Mid-Point Neutral) and connect neutral You will need two CTs
If one of the conductors (phase A or phase B) is grounded see Grounded Leg Service below for
recommendations
Ground
WH
ITE
BLA
CK
OslashB CT
OslashC CT
OslashA CT
OslashB
OslashC
N
OslashA
GND or CommonInput or Positive
Monitoring Equip-ment or Display
P1P2P3
COM
Out
put
Status
Status
Status
WATTNODEreg PULSE
WNB-WNB- -P
-P
Phase A
Phase B
WHITEBLACK
208-240 Vac
LINE
LOA
D
ShortingJumper Source
Faces
CurrentTransformers
3D-240
Installation 11
Three-Phase Four-Wire WyeThis is typically seen in commercial and industrial environments The conductors are neutral and
three power lines with AC waveforms shifted 120deg between phases The line voltage conductors
may be connected to the OslashA OslashB and OslashC terminals in any order so long as the CTs are con-nected to matching phases It is important that you connect N (neutral) for accurate measure-
ments For wye ldquo-3Yrdquo models the meter is powered from the N and OslashA terminals
Figure 5 Three-Phase Four-Wire Wye Connection
Recommended WattNode ModelsThe following table shows the WattNode models that should be used depending on the line-to-
neutral voltage and line-to-line voltage (also called phase-to-phase voltage)
Line-to-Neutral Voltage Line-to-Line Voltage WattNode Model120 Vac 208 Vac WNB-3Y-208-P
230 Vac 400 Vac WNB-3Y-400-P
277 Vac 480 Vac WNB-3Y-480-P
347 Vac 600 Vac WNB-3Y-600-P
Note you may also use the following delta WattNode models to measure three-phase four-wire
wye circuits The only difference is that delta WattNode models are powered from OslashA and OslashB
rather than N and OslashA If neutral is present it must be connected for accurate measurements
Line-to-Neutral Voltage Line-to-Line Voltage WattNode Model120 - 140 Vac 208 - 240 Vac WNB-3D-240-P
230 Vac 400 Vac WNB-3D-400-P
277 Vac 480 Vac WNB-3D-480-P
Ground
WH
ITE
BLA
CK
OslashB CT
OslashC CT
OslashA CT
OslashB
OslashC
N
OslashA
GND or CommonInput or Positive
Monitoring Equip-ment or Display
P1P2P3
COM
Out
put
Status
Status
Status
WATTNODEreg PULSE
WNB-WNB- -P
-P
Neutral
Phase A
Phase B
Phase C
LOA
D
WHITEBLACK
WH
ITE
BLA
CK
LINE
SourceFaces
CurrentTransformers
3Y-xxx3D-xxx
12 Installation
Three-Phase Three-Wire Delta Without NeutralThis is typically seen in manufacturing and industrial environments There is no neutral wire just
three power lines with AC waveforms shifted 120deg between the successive phases With this
configuration the line voltage wires may be connected to the OslashA OslashB and OslashC terminals in any
order so long as the CTs are connected to matching phases For these models the meter is
powered from the OslashA and OslashB (phase A and phase B) terminals Note all delta WattNode models
provide a neutral connection N which allows delta WattNode models to measure both wye and
delta configurations
For best accuracy we recommend connecting the N (neutral) terminal to earth ground This will
not cause ground current to flow because the neutral terminal is not used to power the meter
Figure 6 Three-Phase Three-Wire Delta Connection
Recommended WattNode ModelsThe following table shows the WattNode models that should be used depending on the line-to-
line voltage (also called phase-to-phase voltage)
Line-to-Line Voltage WattNode Model208 - 240 Vac WNB-3D-240-P
400 Vac WNB-3D-400-P
480 Vac WNB-3D-480-P
Three-Phase Four-Wire Delta (Wild Leg)The uncommon four-wire delta electrical service is a three-phase delta service with a center-tap
on one of the transformer windings to create a neutral for single-phase loads
See httpwwwccontrolsyscomwFour_Wire_Delta_Circuits for details
Grounded Leg ServiceIn rare cases with delta services or single-phase two-wire services without neutral one of the
phases may be grounded You can check for this by using a multimeter (DMM) to measure the
voltage between each phase and ground If you see a reading between 0 and 5 Vac that leg is
probably grounded (sometimes called a ldquogrounded deltardquo)
Ground
WH
ITE
BLA
CK
OslashB CT
OslashC CT
OslashA CT
OslashB
OslashC
N
OslashA
GND or CommonInput or Positive
Monitoring Equip-ment or Display
P1P2P3
COMO
utpu
t
Status
Status
Status
WATTNODEreg PULSE
WNB-WNB- -P
-P
Phase A
Phase B
Phase C
WHITEBLACK
WH
ITE
BLA
CK
LINE
LOA
D
SourceFaces
CurrentTransformers
3D-xxx
Installation 13
The WattNode meter will correctly measure services with a grounded leg but the measured
power for the grounded phase will be zero and the status LED will not light for whichever phase is
grounded because the voltage is near zero
For optimum accuracy with a grounded leg you should also connect the N (neutral) terminal
on the meter to the ground terminal this will not cause any ground current to flow because the
neutral terminal is not used to power the meter If you have a grounded leg configuration you can
save money by removing the CT for the grounded phase since all the power will be measured on
the non-grounded phases We recommend putting the grounded leg on the OslashB or OslashC inputs and
attaching a note to the meter indicating this configuration for future reference
MountingProtect the WattNode meter from moisture direct sunlight high temperatures and conductive
pollution (salt spray metal dust etc) If moisture or conductive pollution may be present use an
IP 66 or NEMA 4 rated enclosure to protect the meter Due to its exposed screw terminals the
meter must be installed in an electrical service panel an enclosure or an electrical room The
meter may be installed in any orientation directly to a wall of an electrical panel or junction box
Drawn to Scale
153 mm (602)
38 mm (150) High
Oslash 98 mm (0386)
Oslash 51 mm (0200)
1366 mm (5375)
851 mm
(335)
Figure 7 WattNode Meter Dimensions
The WattNode meter has two mounting holes spaced 5375 inches (137 mm) apart (center to
center) These mounting holes are normally obscured by the detachable screw terminals Remove
the screw terminals by pulling outward while rocking from end to end The meter or Figure 7
may be used as a template to mark mounting hole positions but do not drill the holes with the meter in the mounting position because the drill may damage the connectors and leave drill
shavings in the connectors
You may mount the meter with the supplied 8 self-tapping sheet metal screws using 18 inch
pilot hole (32 mm) Or you may use hook-and-loop fasteners If you use screws avoid over-tight-
ening which can crack the case If you donrsquot use the supplied screws the following sizes should
work (bold are preferred) use washers if the screws could pull through the mounting holes
14 Installation
Selecting Current TransformersThe rated full-scale current of the CTs should normally be chosen somewhat above the maximum
current of the circuit being measured (see Current Crest Factor below for more details) In some
cases you might select CTs with a lower rated current to optimize accuracy at lower current
readings Take care that the maximum allowable current for the CT can not be exceeded without
tripping a circuit breaker or fuse see Current Transformers (p 35)
We only offer CTs that measure AC current not DC current Significant DC current can saturate
the CT magnetic core reducing the AC accuracy Most loads only have AC current but some rare
loads draw DC current which can cause measurement errors See our website for more informa-
tion httpwwwccontrolsyscomwDC_Current_and_Half-Wave_Rectified_Loads
CTs can measure lower currents than they were designed for by passing the wire through the
CT more than once For example to measure currents up to 1 amp with a 5 amp CT loop the
wire through the CT five times The CT is now effectively a 1 amp CT instead of a 5 amp CT The
effective current rating of the CT is the labeled rating divided by the number of times that the wire
passes through the CT
If you are using the measurement phases of the WattNode (OslashA OslashB and OslashC) to measure different
circuits (as with Option P3) you can use CTs with different rated current on the different phases
Current Crest FactorThe term ldquocurrent crest factorrdquo is used to describe the ratio of the peak current to the RMS cur-
rent (the RMS current is the value reported by multimeters and the WattNode meter) Resistive
loads like heaters and incandescent lights have nearly sinusoidal current waveforms with a crest
factor near 14 Power factor corrected loads such as electronic lighting ballasts and computer
power supplies typically have a crest factor of 14 to 15 Battery chargers VFD motor controls
and other nonlinear loads can have current crest factors ranging from 20 to 30 and even higher
High current crest factors are usually not an issue when metering whole building loads but can
be a concern when metering individual loads with high current crest factors If the peak current is
too high the meterrsquos CT inputs can clip causing inaccurate readings
This means that when measuring loads with high current crest factors you may want to be
conservative in selecting the CT rated current For example if your load draws 10 amps RMS but
has a crest factor of 30 then the peak current is 30 amps If you use a 15 amp CT the meter will
not be able to accurately measure the 30 amp peak current Note this is a limitation of the meter
measurement circuitry not the CT
The following graph shows the maximum RMS current for accurate measurements as a function
of the current waveform crest factor The current is shown as a percentage of CT rated current
For example if you have a 10 amp load with a crest factor of 20 the maximum CT current is
approximately 85 Eighty-five percent of 15 amps is 1275 which is higher than 10 amps so
your measurements should be accurate On the other hand if you have a 40 amp load with a
crest factor of 40 the maximum CT current is 42 Forty-two percent of a 100 amp CT is 42
amps so you would need a 100 amp CT to accurately measure this 40 amp load
Screw Style USA UTS Sizes Metric SizesPan Head or Round Head 6 8 10 M35 M4 M5
Truss Head 6 8 M35 M4
Hex Washer Head (integrated washer) 6 8 M35 M4Hex Head (add washer) 6 8 10 M35 M4 M5
Table 2 Mounting Screws
Installation 15
80
100
120
140
0
20
40
60
80
10 15 20 25 30 35 40Crest Factor
Max
imum
Acc
urat
e C
T C
urre
nt(P
erce
nt o
f Rat
ed C
urre
nt)
Figure 8 Maximum CT Current vs Crest Factor
You frequently wonrsquot know the crest factor for your load In this case itrsquos generally safe to assume
the crest factor will fall in the 14 to 25 range and select CTs with a rated current roughly 150 of
the expected RMS current So if you expect to be measuring currents up to 30 amps select a 50
amp CT
Connecting Current Transformers Use only UL recognized current transformers (CTs) with built-in burden resistors that generate
033333 Vac (33333 millivolts AC) at rated current See Current Transformers (p 35) for
the maximum input current ratings
Do not use ratio (current output) CTs such as 1 amp or 5 amp output CTs they will destroy
the meter and present a shock hazard These are commonly labelled with a ratio like 1005
Find the arrow or label ldquoTHIS SIDE TOWARD SOURCErdquo on the CT and face toward the
current source generally the utility meter or the circuit breaker for branch circuits If CTs are
mounted backwards or with their white and black wires reversed the measured power will be
negative The diagnostic LEDs indicates negative power with flashing red LEDs
Be careful to match up the current transformers to the voltage phases being measured Make
sure the OslashA CT is measuring the line voltage connected to OslashA and the same for phases B
and C Use the supplied colored labels or tape to identify the wires
To prevent magnetic interference the CTs on different phases should be separated by 1 inch
(25 mm) The line voltage conductors for each phase should be separated by at least 1 inch
(25 mm) from each other and from neutral
For best accuracy the CT opening should not be much larger than the conductor If the CT
opening is much larger position the conductor in the center of the CT opening
Because CT signals are susceptible to interference we recommend keeping the CT wires
short and cutting off any excess length It is generally better to install the meter near the line
voltage conductors instead of extending the CT wires However you may extend the CT wires
by 300 feet (100 m) or more by using shielded twisted-pair cable and by running the CT wires
away from high current and line voltage conductors
OPTIONAL if you see spurious readings on unused phases jumper the unused CT inputs
To connect CTs pass the wire to be measured through the CT and connect the CT to the meter
Always remove power before disconnecting any live wires Put the line conductors through
the CTs as shown in the section Electrical Service Types (p 8) You may measure gener-
ated power by treating the generator as the source
16 Installation
Circuit ProtectionThe WattNode meter is considered ldquopermanently connected equipmentrdquo because it does not
use a conventional power cord that can be easily unplugged Permanently connected equip-ment must have overcurrent protection and be installed with a means to disconnect the equipment
A switch disconnect or circuit breaker may be used to disconnect the meter and must be
as close as practical to the meter If a switch or disconnect is used then there must also be a
fuse or circuit breaker of appropriate rating protecting the meter
WattNode meters only draw 10-30 milliamps CCS recommends using circuit breakers or
fuses rated for between 05 amps and 20 amps and rated for the line voltages and the cur-
rent interrupting rating required
The circuit breakers or fuses must protect the ungrounded supply conductors (the terminals
labeled OslashA OslashB and OslashC) If neutral is also protected (this is rare) then the overcurrent protec-
tion device must interrupt neutral and the supply conductors simultaneously
Any switches or disconnects should have at least a 1 amp rating and must be rated for the
line voltages
The circuit protection disconnect system must meet IEC 60947-1 and IEC 60947-3 as well
as all national and local electrical codes
The line voltage connections should be made with wire rated for use in a service panel or
junction box with a voltage rating sufficient for the highest voltage present CCS recommends
14 or 12 AWG (15 mm2 or 25 mm2) stranded wire rated for 300 or 600 volts Solid wire may
be used but must be routed carefully to avoid putting excessive stress on the screw terminal
The WattNode meter has an earth connection which should be connected for maximum
accuracy However this earth connection is not used for safety (protective) earthing
For solid-core CTs disconnect the line voltage conductor to install it through the CT opening
Split-core and bus-bar CTs can be opened for installation around a wire by puling the removable
section straight away from the rest of the CT or unhooking the latch it may require a strong pull
Some CT models include thumb-screws to secure the opening The removable section may fit
only one way so match up the steel core pieces when closing the CT If the CT seems to jam and
will not close the steel core pieces are probably not aligned correctly DO NOT FORCE together
Instead reposition or rock the removable portion until the CT closes without excessive force A
nylon cable tie can be secured around the CT to prevent inadvertent opening
Some split-core CT models have flat mating surfaces When installing this type of CT make sure
that mating surfaces are clean Any debris between the mating surfaces will increase the gap
decreasing accuracy
Next connect the CT lead wires to the meter terminals labeled OslashA CT OslashB CT and OslashC CT Route
the twisted black and white wires from the CT to the meter We recommend cutting off any
excess length to reduce the risk of interference Strip 14 inch (6 mm) of insulation off the ends of
the CT leads and connect to the six position black screw terminal block Connect each CT lead
with the white wire aligned with the white dot on the label and the black wire aligned with the
black dot Note the order in which the phases are connected as the voltage phases must match
the current phases for accurate power measurement
Finally record the CT rated current as part of the installation record for each meter If the conduc-
tors being measured are passed through the CTs more than once then the recorded rated CT
current is divided by the number of times that the conductor passes through the CT
Installation 17
Connecting Voltage TerminalsAlways turn off or disconnect power before connecting the voltage inputs to the meter Con-
nect each phase voltage to the appropriate input on the green terminal block also connect
ground and neutral (if required)
The voltage inputs to the meter do not need to be powered from to the same branch circuit as
the load being monitored In other words if you have a three-phase panel with a 100 A three-pole
breaker powering a motor that you wish to monitor you can power the meter (or several meters)
from a separate 20 A three-pole breaker installed in the same or even adjacent panel so long as
the load and voltage connections are supplied from the same electric service
The green screw terminals handle wire up to 12 AWG (25 mm2) Strip the wires to expose 14rdquo (6
mm) of bare copper When wiring the meter do not put more than one wire under a screw If you
need to distribute power to other meters use wire nuts or a power distribution block The section
Electrical Service Types (p 8) shows the proper connections for the different meter models
and electrical services Verify that the voltage line phases match the CT phases
If there is any doubt that the meter voltage rating is correct for the circuit being measured unplug
the green terminal block (to protect the meter) turn on the power and use a voltmeter to compare
the voltages (probe the terminal block screws) to the values in the white box on the meter front
label After testing plug in the terminal block making sure that is pushed in all the way
The WattNode meter is powered from the voltage inputs OslashA (phase A) to N (neutral) for wye
ldquo-3Yrdquo models or OslashA to OslashB for delta ldquo-3Drdquo models If the meter is not receiving at least 80 of the
nominal line voltage it may stop operating Since the meter consumes a small amount of power
itself (typically 1-3 watts) you may wish to power the meter from a separate circuit or place the
current transformers downstream of the meter so its power consumption is not measured
For best accuracy always connect the N (neutral) terminal on the meter If you are using a delta
meter and the circuit has no neutral then jumper the earth ground to the N (neutral) terminal
When power is first applied to the meter check that the LEDs behave normally (see Installa-tion LED Diagnostics (p 20) below) if you see the LEDs flashing red-green-red-green then
disconnect the power immediately This indicates the line voltage is too high for this model
10sec
GR GR GR GR GR GR
GR GR GR GR GR GR
GR GR GR GR GR GRCBA
Figure 9 WattNode LED Overvoltage Warning
Connecting Pulse Outputs The outputs P1 P2 and P3 should not be connected to negative voltages (except with
Option SSR) or to voltages greater than +60 Vdc
The recommended maximum current through the pulse output optoisolators is 5 mA
although they will generally switch 8-10 mA If you need to switch higher currents contact us
about Option SSR (solid-state relay) see Specifications - Option SSR Outputs (p 33)
The outputs are isolated (5000 Vac RMS) from dangerous voltages so you can connect them
with the meter powered The outputs are also isolated from the meterrsquos earth ground and
neutral connections
If the output wiring is located near line voltage wiring use wires or cables rated for the high-
est voltage present generally 300V or 600V rated wire
If this cable will be in the presence of bare conductors such as bus-bars it should be double
insulated or jacketed
When wiring over long distances use shielded twisted-pair cable to prevent interference
18 Installation
The pulse output channels are the collector and emitter of an optoisolator transistor (also called
a photocoupler) controlled by the meterrsquos pulse stream (see Option SSR Outputs (p 33) for
solid-state relay outputs) These outputs may be connected to most data monitoring devices that
expect a contact closure or relay input data loggers energy management systems etc Most of
these devices provide excitation voltage with internal pull-up resistors If your device does not the
following schematic illustrates connecting pull-up resistors on all three optoisolator outputs with a
pull-up voltage of 5 Vdc
5V
Rpullup Rpullup
P1
P2
P3
COM
RpullupWATTNODE
Figure 10 Optoisolator Outputs
The meter can have from one to three pulse output channels All three output channels share the
common COM or ground connection Each output channel has its own positive output connec-
tion labeled P1 P2 and P3 (tied to the transistor collectors)
Output AssignmentsThe following table shows the pulse output channel assignments for the standard bidirectional
output model and different options See Manual Supplement MS-10 for details about Option PV
and Manual Supplement MS-11 for details about Option DPO
WattNode Outputs P1 Output P2 Output P3 OutputStandard
Bidirectional Outputs
Positive real energy
(all phases)
Negative real energy
(all phases)
Not used
Option P3 Per-Phase Outputs
Phase A positive
real energy
Phase B positive
real energy
Phase C positive
real energy
Option PV Photovoltaic
Phases A+B positive
real energy
Phases A+B negative
real energy
Phase C positive
real energy
Option DPO Dual Positive Outputs
Positive real energy
(all phases)
Negative real energy
(all phases)
Positive real energy
(all phases)
Table 3 Pulse Output Assignments
Note we use the terms ldquopositiverdquo and ldquonegativerdquo but other common terms are ldquoproductionrdquo and
ldquoconsumptionrdquo You can wire the meter so that positive energy corresponds to either production
or consumption depending on your application
Installation 19
Pull-Up Resistor SelectionFor standard WattNode meters with the normal 400 Hz full-scale frequency pull-up resistor
values between 10kΩ and 100kΩ work well You may use values of 10MΩ or higher to reduce
power consumption for battery powered equipment Note pull-up resistor values of 10MΩ or
higher will make the pulse output signal more susceptible to interference so you may want to
keep the wiring short use shielded cable and avoid running the pulse signal near AC wiring
The following table lists pull-up resistor values (in ohms kilo-ohms and mega-ohms) to use
with the pulse output channels particularly if you have ordered a model with a pulse frequency
different than 400 Hz For each configuration the table lists a recommended value followed by
minimum and maximum resistor values These values typically result in a pulse waveform rise
time (from 20 to 80 of the pull-up voltage) of less than 10 of the total pulse period The fall
time is roughly constant in the 2 to 10 microsecond range Lower resistance will result in faster
switching and increase the current flow If your frequency isnrsquot in the table use the next higher
frequency or interpolate between two values
Full-Scale Pulse
Frequency
Pull-up to 30 Vdc Recommended
(Min-Max)
Pull-up to 50 Vdc Recommended
(Min-Max)
Pull-up to 12 Vdc Recommended
(Min-Max)
Pull-up to 24 Vdc Recommended
(Min-Max)1 Hz 470kΩ (600Ω-47M) 470kΩ (10k-56M) 470kΩ (24k-75M) 10MΩ (47k-91M)
4 Hz 100kΩ (600Ω-12M) 100kΩ (10k-16M) 100kΩ (24k-22M) 200kΩ (47k-30M)10 Hz 47kΩ (600Ω-470k) 47kΩ (10k-620k) 47kΩ (24k-910k) 100kΩ (47k-13M)
50 Hz 10kΩ (600Ω-91k) 10kΩ (10k-130k) 20kΩ (24k-200k) 47kΩ (47k-270k)
100 Hz 47kΩ (600Ω-47k) 47kΩ (10k-62k) 10kΩ (24k-100k) 20kΩ (47k-130k)
200 Hz 20kΩ (600Ω-24k) 20kΩ (10k-33k) 47kΩ (24k-47k) 10kΩ (47k-68k)
600 Hz 20kΩ (600Ω-82k) 20kΩ (10k-12k) 47kΩ (24k-16k) 10kΩ (47k-22k)
Table 4 Recommended Pulse Output Pull-up Resistors
When the optoisolator is on (conducting) there is a small voltage drop between the common and
output terminals typically 01 - 04 volts called the saturation voltage This voltage depends on
the current flow through the optoisolator (see Specifications - Optoisolator Outputs (p 32) below for details) To compute the current flow through the optoisolator use the following approxi-
mate equation
Vpullup - The supply voltage for the pull-up resistor (DC volts)
Rpullup - The pull-up resistor resistance (ohms)
Iopto - The approximate current (amps) through the optoisolator when it is on (conducting)
Iopto = Vpullup Rpullup
Installation Summary1) Mount the WattNode meter
2) Turn off power before installing solid-core (non-opening) CTs or making voltage connections
3) Mount the CTs around the line voltage conductors being measured Take care to orient the
CTs facing the source of power
4) Connect the twisted white and black wires from the CT to the six position black terminal
block on the meter matching the wire colors to the white and black dots on the front label
5) Connect the voltage wires including ground and neutral (if present) to the green terminal
block and check that the current (CT) phases match the voltage measurement phases
6) Connect the pulse output terminals of the meter to the monitoring equipment
7) Apply power to the meter
8) Verify that the LEDs light correctly and donrsquot indicate an error condition
20 Installation
Installation LED DiagnosticsThe WattNode meter includes multi-color power diagnostic LEDs for each phase to help verify
correct operation and diagnose incorrect wiring The LEDs are marked ldquoStatusrdquo on the label The
following diagrams and descriptions explain the various LED patterns and their meanings The A
B and C on the left side indicate the phase of the LEDs Values like ldquo10secrdquo and ldquo30secrdquo indi-
cate the time the LEDs are lit in seconds In the diagrams sometimes the colors are abbreviated
R = red G or Grn = green Y = yellow
Normal StartupOn initial power-up the LEDs will all light up in a red
yellow green sequence After this startup sequence the
LEDs will show the status such as Normal Operation
below
Normal OperationDuring normal operation when positive power is measured
on a phase the LED for that phase will flash green Typical
flash rates are shown below
Percent of Full-Scale Power LED Flash Rate Flashes in 10 Seconds100 50 Hz 50
50 36 Hz 36
25 25 Hz 25
10 16 Hz 16
5 11 Hz 11
1 (and lower) 05 Hz 5
Table 5 LED Flash Rates vs Power
Zero PowerFor each phase if line Vac is present but the measured
power is below the minimum that the meter will measure (see
Specifications - Measurement - Creep Limit) the meter will display solid green for that phase
Inactive PhaseIf the meter detects no power and line voltage below 20 of
nominal it will turn off the LED for the phase
Negative PowerIf one or more of the phase LEDs are flashing red it
indicates negative power (power flowing into the grid) on
those phases The rate of flashing indicates magnitude of
negative power (see Table 5 above) This can happen for
the following reasons
This is a bidirectional power measurement application such as a photovoltaic system where
negative power occurs whenever you generate more power than you consume
The current transformer (CT) for this phase was installed backwards on the current carrying
wire or the white and black wires for the CT were reversed at the meter This can be solved
by flipping the CT on the wire or swapping the white and black wires at the meter
In some cases this can also occur if the CT wires are connected to the wrong inputs such
as if the CT wires for phases B and C are swapped
10sec10sec10sec
GreenYellowRed
GreenYellowRed
GreenYellowRed
CBA
Green Off Green Off Green Off
Green
Off
CBA Red Off Red Off Red Off
Red Off Red Off RedOff
Red Off Red Off Red Off
Installation 21
Note if all three LEDs are flashing red and they always turn on and off together like the diagram
for Low Line Voltage below then the meter is experiencing an error or low line voltage not nega-
tive power
Erratic FlashingIf the LEDs are flashing slowly and erratically sometimes
green sometimes red this generally indicates one of the
following
Earth ground is not connected to the meter (the top
connection on the green screw terminal)
Voltage is connected for a phase but the current transformer is not connected or the CT has
a loose connection
In some cases particularly for a circuit with no load this may be due to electrical noise This
is not harmful and can generally be disregarded provided that you are not seeing substantial
measured power when there shouldnrsquot be any Try turning on the load to see if the erratic
flashing stops
To fix this try the following
Make sure earth ground is connected
If there are unused current transformer inputs install a shorting jumper for each unused CT (a
short length of wire connected between the white and black dots marked on the label)
If there are unused voltage inputs (on the green screw terminal) connect them to neutral (if
present) or earth ground (if neutral isnrsquot available)
If you suspect noise may be the problem try moving the meter away from the source of
noise Also try to keep the CT wires as short as possible and cut off excess wire
Meter Not OperatingIt should not be possible for all three LEDs to stay off
when the meter is powered because the phase powering
the meter will have line voltage present Therefore if all
LEDs are off the meter is either not receiving sufficient
line voltage to operate or is malfunctioning and needs to be returned for service Verify that the
voltage on the Vac screw terminals is within plusmn20 of the nominal operating voltages printed in the
white rectangle on the front label
Meter ErrorIf the meter experiences an internal error it will light all
LEDs red for three seconds (or longer) If you see this
happen repeatedly return the meter for service
Bad CalibrationThis indicates that the meter has detected bad calibration
data and must be returned for service
Line Voltage Too HighWhenever the meter detects line voltages over 125 of
normal for one or more phases it will display a fast red
green flashing for the affected phases This is harmless if
it occurs due a momentary surge but if the line voltage is
high continuously the power supply may fail If you see continuous over-voltage flashing disconnect the meter immediately Check that the model
and voltage rating is correct for the electrical service
GrnRedGrn
GreenRed
Grn Red
CBA Off Off Off
Off Off Red
Off Red Off
Off
Off
Off
CBA
30sec
Red
Red
Red
CBA
Yellow
Red
Red
CBA
10sec
GR GR GR GR GR GR
GR GR GR GR GR GR
GR GR GR GR GR GRCBA
22 Installation
Bad Line FrequencyIf the meter detects a power line frequency below 45 Hz
or above 70 Hz it will light all the LEDs yellow for at least
three seconds The LEDs will stay yellow until the line
frequency returns to normal During this time the meter
should continue to accurately measure power This can
occur in the presence of extremely high noise such as if the meter is too close to an unfiltered
variable frequency drive
Low Line VoltageThese LED patterns occur if the line voltage is too low
for the meter to operate correctly and the meter reboots
repeatedly The pattern will be synchronized on all three
LEDs Verify that the voltage on the Vac screw terminals is
not more than 20 lower than the nominal operating volt-
ages printed in the white rectangle on the front label If the
voltages are in the normal range and the meter continues
to display one of these patterns return it for service
30secCBA
Yellow
Yellow
Yellow
10sec
YRed
YRed
YRed
CBA
YRed
YRed
YRed
CBA
R
R
R
R
R
R
R
R
R
R
R
R
R
R
R
R
R
R
10sec
Measurement TroubleshootingIf the WattNode meter does not appear to be operating correctly or generating expected pulses
start by checking the diagnostic LEDs as described in the previous section Installation LED Diagnostics (p 20) Then double check the installation instructions If there are still problems
check the following
No Pulses Make sure the load is turned on
If the LEDs are flashing green then the meter is measuring positive power and should output
pulses on P1 so there may be something wrong with the pulse output connection or you
may need a pull-up resistor see Connecting Pulse Outputs (p 17)
If the LEDs on one or more phases are flashing red then the total power may be negative
in which case the meter wonrsquot generate positive energy pulses If you have a bidirectional
model you can check for negative energy pulses on the P2 output If this is the case check
that the line phases match the CT phases that all the CTs face the source of power and that
the CT white and black wires are connected correctly
If all the LEDs are solid green (or off) then the measured power is below the creep limit
(11500th of full-scale) and the meter will not generate any pulses See Specifications - Creep Limit (p 32)
If the LEDs are flashing green slowly the power may be very low A WattNode meter with a
nominal output frequency of 400 Hz can have a pulse period of several minutes at very low
power levels
If all the LEDs are off then the meter does not have sufficient line voltage to operate or has
malfunctioned Use a DMM (multimeter) to verify that the voltage on the Vac screw terminals
is within -20 +15 of the nominal operating voltage
Incorrect Power or Energy ReadingsThis can be caused by any of the following
An incorrect estimate of expected power or energy readings If possible try to verify the
actual energy power or current with a handheld power meter or current clamp
Installation 23
Incorrect scale factors to convert from pulses to energy and power This is commonly caused
by using the normal scale factors with an Option P3 meter or selecting the wrong row of
column from the tables
Some pulse counting equipment (data loggers etc) counts both rising and falling edges as
pulses resulting in a count that is double the intended value This can normally be corrected
by reconfiguring the device or dividing the scale factor by 20
Some pulse monitoring devices cannot handle fast pulse rates If the pulses occur too close
together some may be missed by the monitoring device Check the specifications of your
monitoring device or contact CCS support for assistance
The CTs are not installed on the correct line phases Verify that the CT phasing matches the
line Vac inputs
The measured current exceeds the CT rating This can saturate CT or the WattNode meter
input circuitry resulting in lower than expected readings If possible use a current clamp to
measure the current and make sure it is below the CT rated amps
The measured current is too small Most current transformers are only specified to meet
their accuracy from 10 to 100 of rated current In practice most CTs work reasonably
well down to 1 of rated current Very low currents may not register properly resulting in low
power or no power reported
Interference from a variable frequency or variable speed drive VFD VSD inverter or the
like Generally these drives should not interfere with the meter but if they are in very close
proximity or if the CT leads are long interference can occur Try moving the meter at least
three feet (one meter) away from any VFDs Use short CT leads if possible NEVER connect
the meter downstream of a VFD the varying line frequency and extreme noise will cause
problems
The CTs may be malfunctioning If possible use a current clamp to verify the current then
use a DMM (multimeter) to measure the AC voltage between the white and black wires from
the CT (leave them connected to the meter during this test) At rated current the CT output
voltage should equal 0333 Vac (333 millivolts AC) At lower currents the voltage should scale
linearly so at 20 of rated current the output voltage should be 020 0333 = 00666 Vac
(666 millivolts AC)
The meter is not functioning correctly if possible swap the meter for another unit of the
same model
24 Operating Instructions
Operating InstructionsPulse Outputs
The WattNode meter generates pulse outputs using one or more optoisolators (also called
photocouplers) These provide 5000 Vac of isolation using an LED and a photo-transistor This
allows the meter to be interfaced to monitoring or data logging hardware without concerns about
interference ground loops shock hazard etc
Depending on the options selected the Pulse WattNode meter can generate full-scale pulses at
output frequencies ranging from less than 1 Hz to 600 Hz The standard full-scale pulse output
frequency is 400 Hz The standard model provides two pulse streams for measuring bidirectional
power With Option P3 there are three pulse channels for independently measuring each phase
or three single-phase circuits
The pulse outputs are approximately square-waves with equal on and off periods The frequency
of pulses is proportional to the measured power When the measured power is constant the
pulse frequency is constant and the output is an exact square-wave If the power is increasing
or decreasing the output waveform will not be a perfect square-wave as the on and off periods
are getting longer or shorter If you need a fixed or minimum pulse duration (closed period) see
Manual Supplement MS-17 Option PW (Pulse Width)
We define a ldquopulserdquo as a full cycle including both an Open Closed and an Closed Open
transition You can choose either a rising or falling edge to start a pulse the end of the pulse will
be the next matching edge Some monitoring equipment or data loggers can be configured to
count both rising and falling edges if your equipment is configured this way you will count twice
as many pulses as expected This can normally be corrected by reconfiguring the equipment or
adjusting the scale factors by a factor of 2
Open
Closed
400ms400ms
800ms
400ms400ms
800ms
400ms400ms
800ms
Figure 11 Output Pulses for Steady Power
Open
Closed
200ms
200ms
200ms
200ms
300ms400ms500ms500ms
1000ms 700ms 400ms 400ms
Figure 12 Output Pulses for Increasing Power
See Connecting Pulse Outputs (p 17) and Specifications - Pulse Outputs (p 32) for
more information
Operating Instructions 25
Power and Energy ComputationEvery pulse from the meter corresponds to a fixed amount of energy Power (watts) is energy
divided by time which can be measured as pulses per second (or pulses per hour) The following
scale factor tables and equations convert from pulses to energy (watt-hours or kilowatt-hours) for
different models
If you have ordered a custom full-scale pulse output frequency then see the
Power and Energy Equations section below For Option PV (Photovoltaic) see
Manual Supplement MS-10 Option PV for scale factors
Scale Factors - Standard Bidirectional Outputs (and Option DPO)The following table provides scale factors for standard bidirectional output models with a full-
scale pulse output frequency of 400 Hz This table also works for 400 Hz models with Option DPO Equations to compute power and energy follow the scale factor tables
CT Size (amps)
Watt-hours per pulse (WHpP) Pulses Per kilowatt-hour (PpKWH)3Y-208 3D-240
3Y-400 3D-400
3Y-480 3D-480
3Y-6003Y-208 3D-240
3Y-400 3D-400
3Y-480 3D-480
3Y-600
5 0125 02396 02885 03615 800000 417391 346570 276657
15 0375 07188 08656 10844 266667 139130 115524 922190
20 0500 09583 11542 14458 200000 104348 866426 691643
30 0750 14375 17313 21688 133333 695652 577617 461095
50 1250 23958 28854 36146 800000 417391 346570 276657
60 1500 28750 34625 43375 666667 347826 288809 230548
70 1750 33542 40396 50604 571429 298137 247550 197612
100 2500 47917 57708 72292 400000 208696 173285 138329
150 3750 71875 86563 10844 266667 139130 115523 92219
200 5000 95833 11542 14458 200000 104348 86643 69164
250 6250 11979 14427 18073 160000 83478 69314 55331
300 7500 14375 17313 21688 133333 69565 57762 46110
400 10000 19167 23083 28917 100000 52174 43321 34582
600 15000 28750 34625 43375 66667 34783 28881 23055
800 20000 38333 46167 57833 50000 26087 21661 17291
1000 25000 47917 57708 72292 40000 20870 17329 13833
1200 30000 57500 69250 86750 33333 17391 14440 11527
1500 37500 71875 86563 10844 26667 13913 11552 92219
2000 50000 95833 11542 14458 20000 10435 86643 69164
3000 75000 14375 17313 21688 13333 69565 57762 46110
any CtAmps 40
CtAmps 2087
CtAmps 17329
CtAmps 13833
40000 CtAmps
20870 CtAmps
17329 CtAmps
13833 CtAmps
Table 6 Scale Factors - Bidirectional Outputs
Contact CCS for scale factors for models with full-scale pulse output frequencies other than 400
Hz
26 Operating Instructions
Scale Factors - Option P3 Per-Phase OutputsThe following table provides scale factors for Option P3 models with a full-scale pulse output
frequencies of 400 Hz for each phase Note with Option P3 different phases can use different
CTs with different rated currents
WARNING Only use this table if you have Option P3 (Per-Phase Outputs)
CT Size (amps)
Watt-hours per pulse (WHpP) Pulses Per kilowatt-hour (PpKWH)3Y-208 3D-240
3Y-400 3D-400
3Y-480 3D-480
3Y-6003Y-208 3D-240
3Y-400 3D-400
3Y-480 3D-480
3Y-600
5 004167 007986 009618 012049 240000 125217 103971 829971
15 01250 02396 02885 03615 800000 417391 346570 276657
20 01667 03194 03847 04819 600000 313043 259928 207493
30 02500 04792 05771 07229 400000 208696 173285 138329
50 04167 07986 09618 12049 240000 125217 103971 829971
60 05000 09583 11542 14458 200000 104348 866426 691643
70 05833 11181 13465 16868 171429 894410 742651 592837
100 08333 15972 19236 24097 120000 626087 519856 414986
150 12500 23958 28854 36146 800000 417391 346570 276657
200 16667 31944 38472 48194 600000 313043 259928 207493
250 20833 39931 48090 60243 480000 250435 207942 165994
300 25000 47917 57708 72292 400000 208696 173285 138329
400 33333 63889 76944 96389 300000 156522 129964 103746
600 50000 95833 11542 14458 200000 104348 86643 69164
800 66667 12778 15389 19278 150000 78261 64982 51873
1000 83333 15972 19236 24097 120000 62609 51986 41499
1200 10000 19167 23083 28917 100000 52174 43321 34582
1500 12500 23958 28854 36146 80000 41739 34657 27666
2000 16667 31944 38472 48194 60000 31304 25993 20749
3000 25000 47917 57708 72292 40000 20870 17329 13833
any CtAmps 12000
CtAmps 62609
CtAmps 51986
CtAmps 41499
120000 CtAmps
62609 CtAmps
51986 CtAmps
41499 CtAmps
Table 7 Scale Factors - Per-Phase Outputs (Option P3)
Scale Factor EquationsUsing the ldquoWatt-hours per pulserdquo WHpP value from the table above for your model and current
transformer you can compute energy and power as follows
PulseCount - This is the count of pulses used to compute energy You can use the count of
pulses over specified periods of time (like a month) to measure the energy for that period of
time
PulseFreq - This is the measured pulse frequency (Hertz) out of the meter This can also be
computed by counting the number of pulses in a fixed period of time and then dividing by the
number of seconds in that time period For example if you count 720 pulses in five minutes
(300 seconds) then PulseFreq = 720 300 = 240 Hz
Energy (watt-hours) = WHpP PulseCount
Power (watts) = WHpP 3600 PulseFreq
To convert these values to kilowatt-hours and kilowatts divide by 1000
Operating Instructions 27
Using the ldquoPulses Per kilowatt-hourrdquo PpKWH value from the table above for your model and
current transformer you can compute energy and power as follows (multiply by 1000 to convert
kilowatts to watts)
Energy (kilowatt-hours) = PulseCount PpKWH
Power (kilowatts) = 3600 PulseFreq PpKWH
Power and Energy EquationsThis section shows how to compute power and energy from pulses for any full-scale pulse output
frequency The power is proportional to the pulse frequency while the energy is proportional to
the count of pulses
For these calculations we use the following variables
NVac - This is the nominal line voltage (phase to neutral) of the WattNode model For delta
model this is a virtual voltage since there may not be a neutral connection Note this is not the actual measured voltage
PpPO - ldquoPhases per Pulse Outputrdquo This is the number of meter voltage phases associ-
ated with a pulse output channel This may be different than the number of phases you are
monitoring
Standard and Option DPO (Dual Positive Outputs) PpPO = 3
Option P3 (Per-Phase Outputs) PpPO = 1
Option PV (Photovoltaic) PpPO = 2 for outputs P1 and P2 PpPO = 1 for output P3 CtAmps - This is the current transformer (CT) rated amps Note If the conductors being
measured are passed through the CTs more than once then CtAmps is the rated CT current
divided by the number of times that the conductor passes through the CT
FSHz - This is the full-scale pulse frequency of the meter It is 400 Hz unless the meter was
ordered with Option Hz=xxx (where xxx specifies the full-scale pulse frequency) or Option Kh
PulseCount - This is the measured pulse count used to compute energy You can use the
count of pulses over specified periods of time (such as a month) to measure the energy for
that period of time
PulseFreq - This is the measured pulse frequency from one of the pulse channels (P1 P2
or P3) This can be computed by counting the number of pulses in a fixed period of time and
then dividing by the number of seconds in that time period For example if you count 720
pulses in five minutes (300 seconds) then PulseFreq = 720 300 = 240 Hz
The values of the constant parameters are in the following table
WattNode Models NVac Standard FSHz ValuesWNB-3Y-208-P 120 400 Hz
WNB-3Y-400-P 230 400 Hz
WNB-3Y-480-P 277 400 Hz
WNB-3Y-600-P 347 400 Hz
WNB-3D-240-P 120 400 Hz
WNB-3D-400-P 230 400 Hz
WNB-3D-480-P 277 400 Hz
Note these are ldquovirtualrdquo line-to-neutral voltages used for delta model power
and energy computations
Table 8 Power and Energy Parameters
28 Operating Instructions
Watt-Hours per Pulse
FSHz 3600PpPO NVac CtAmpsWHpP =
Watt-Hours per Pulse per CT Rated AmpThere is an alternate way of computing the energy reported by a meter using the variable
WHpPpA (watt-hours per pulse per CT rated amp) If you multiply the WHpPpA by the amp rating
of your CTs the result will be the watt-hours measured each time the meter generates a pulse
EnergyPerPulse (WH) = WHpPpA CtAmps
The standard WHpPpA values are listed in the following table These only apply for models with a
400 Hz full-scale pulse frequency
WattNode ModelsWatt-Hours per Pulse per CT Rated Amp (FSHz = 400)
Standard and
Option DPO Outputs
Option P3
Per-Phase Outputs
WNB-3Y-208-P 002500 0008333
WNB-3Y-400-P 004792 001597
WNB-3Y-480-P 005771 001924
WNB-3Y-600-P 007229 002410
WNB-3D-240-P 002500 0008333
WNB-3D-400-P 004792 001597
WNB-3D-480-P 005771 001924
Table 9 Watt-Hours per Pulse per CT Rated Amp
For example a WNB-3Y-208-P with a full-scale pulse frequency of 400 Hz has a WHpPpA value
of 00250 With 15 amp CTs it will output one pulse for every 0375 watt-hours
(0025) (150 amps) = 0375 watt-hours
It is easy to use the WHpPpA value to compute energy
Energy (Wh) = WHpPpA CtAmps PulseCount
For non-standard models you can compute WHpPpA as follows
FSHz 3600PpPO NVacWHpPpA =
Energy EquationThe following equation computes the energy (watt-hours) associated with a pulse output channel
By using the PulseCount for different periods of time (day week month etc) you can measure
the energy over different time periods You can convert this to kilowatt-hours by dividing by 1000
The 3600 term in the denominator converts from watt-seconds to watt-hours Note use NVac
value from Table 8 above
FSHz 3600Energy (WH) =
NVac PpPO CtAmps PulseCount
Pulses per Watt-Hour
NVac PpPO CtAmpsFSHz 3600PpWH =
Operating Instructions 29
Pulses Per Kilowatt-Hour
NVac PpPO CtAmpsFSHz 3600 1000PpKWH =
Full-Scale Power EquationThe following equation computes the nominal full-scale power associated with a pulse output
channel For bidirectional output models this is the full-scale power for all phases together For
per-phase output models this is the full-scale power for a single phase Note use NVac value
from Table 8 Power and Energy Parameters above
Full-Scale Power (W) = NVac PpPO CtAmps
Power EquationThe following equation computes the power associated with a pulse output The PulseFreq value
may be measured or averaged over different time periods to compute the average power (also
called demand) Note use NVac value from Table 8 above
FSHzNVac PpPO CtAmps PulseFreqPower (W ) =
Maintenance and RepairThe WattNode Pulse meter requires no maintenance There are no user serviceable or replace-
able parts except the pluggable screw terminals
The WattNode meter should not normally need to be cleaned but if cleaning is desired power
must be disconnected first and a dry or damp cloth or brush should be used
The WattNode meter is not user serviceable In the event of any failure the meter must be
returned for service (contact CCS for an RMA) In the case of a new installation follow the diag-
nostic and troubleshooting instructions before returning the meter for service to ensure that the
problem is not connection related
30 Specifications
SpecificationsModels
ModelNominal Vac
Line-to-NeutralNominal Vac Line-to-Line
Phases Wires
WNB-3Y-208-P 120 208ndash240 3 4
WNB-3Y-400-P 230 400 3 4
WNB-3Y-480-P 277 480 3 4
WNB-3Y-600-P 347 600 3 4
WNB-3D-240-P 120 208ndash240 3 3ndash4
WNB-3D-400-P 230 400 3 3ndash4
WNB-3D-480-P 277 480 3 3ndash4
Note the delta models have an optional neutral connection that may be used for measuring
wye circuits In the absence of neutral voltages are measured with respect to ground Delta
WattNode models use the phase A and phase B connections for power
Table 10 WattNode Models
Model OptionsAny of these models are available with the following options
Bidirectional Outputs - (this is the standard model) This model has two pulse output chan-
nels P1 generates pulses in proportion to the total real positive energy while P2 generates
pulses in proportion to the total real negative energy The individual phase energies are all
added together every 200 ms If the result is positive it is accumulated for the P1 output if
negative it is accumulated for the P2 output If one phase has negative power (-100 W) while
the other two phases have positive power (+100 W each) the negative phase will subtract
from the positive phases resulting in a net of 100 W causing pulses on P1 but no pulses on
P2 There will only be pulses on P2 if the sum of all three phases is negative
Option P3 Per-Phase Outputs - Models with this option have three pulse output channels
P1 P2 and P3 Each generates pulses in proportion to the real positive energy measured on
one phase (phases A B and C respectively)
Option DPO Dual Positive Outputs - This option is like the standard model with
bidirectional outputs but with the addition of the P3 output channel The P3 chan-
nel indicates positive real energy just like the P1 channel This is useful when the meter
needs to be connected to two different devices such as a display and a data logger See
Manual Supplement MS-11 Option DPO (Dual Positive Outputs) for details
Option PV Photovoltaic - The photovoltaic option measures residential PV systems It
allows one WattNode meter to measure the bidirectional total house energy and the PV (or
wind) generated energy See Manual Supplement MS-10 Option PV (Photovoltaic) for details
Option Hz Custom Pulse Output Frequency - WattNode meters are available with custom
full-scale pulse output frequencies ranging from 001 Hz to 600 Hz (150 Hz maximum for
Options P3 DPO and PV ) For custom frequencies specify Option Hz=nnn where nnn
is the desired full-scale frequency To specify different frequencies for P1 P2 and P3 use
Option Hz=rrrsssttt where P1 frequency = rrr P2 frequency = sss P3 frequency = ttt
Option SSR Solid State Relay Output - Replaces the standard optoisolator outputs with
solid state relays capable of switching 500 mA at up to 40 Vac or plusmn60 Vdc See Option SSR Outputs below for details
Option TVS=24 - Install 24 V bidirectional TVS protection diodes across P1 P2 and P3
outputs Used with Option SSR when driving 12 Vdc electromechanical counters to protect
the solid-state relays from the inductive kickback of the counter
Specifications 31
Option PW Pulse Width - This specifies the pulse ON (closed or conducting) period in
milliseconds For example Opt PW=100 configures 100 millisecond pulse ON periods See
Manual Supplement MS-17 Option PW (Pulse Width) for details
Option Kh Watt-hour Constant - This specifies the watt-hour constant or the number of
watt-hours that must accumulate for each pulse generated by the meter Each pulse includes
an ON (conducting) and OFF period The number of watt-hours may be small even less than
one or large For example Opt Kh=1000 specifies one pulse per 1000 watt-hours (one pulse
per kilowatt-hour) See httpwwwccontrolsyscomwOption_Kh
Option CT Current Transformer Rated Amps - This specifies the rated
amps of the attached current transformers This is only used in conjunc-
tion with Option Kh It may be specified as Opt CT=xxx or Opt CT=xxxyyyzzz if there are CTs with different rated amps on different phases See
httpwwwccontrolsyscomwWattNode_Pulse_-_Option_CT_-_CT_Rated_Amps
AccuracyThe following accuracy specifications do not include errors caused by the current transformer
accuracy or phase angle errors ldquoRated currentrdquo is the current that generates a CT output voltage
of 033333 Vac
Condition 1 - Normal OperationLine voltage -20 to +15 of nominal
Power factor 10
Frequency 48 - 62 Hz
Ambient Temperature 25degC
CT Current 5 - 100 of rated current
Accuracy plusmn05 of reading
Condition 2 - Low CT CurrentAll conditions the same as Condition 1 exceptCT Current 1 - 5 of rated current
Accuracy plusmn10 of reading
Condition 3 ndash Very Low CT CurrentAll conditions the same as Condition 1 exceptCT Current 02 - 1 of rated current
Accuracy plusmn30 of reading
Condition 4 - High CT CurrentAll conditions the same as Condition 1 exceptCT Current 100 - 120 of rated current
Accuracy plusmn10 of reading
Condition 5 - Low Power FactorAll conditions the same as Condition 1 exceptPower factor 05 (plusmn60 degree phase shift between current and voltage)
Additional Error plusmn05 of reading
Condition 6 - Temperature VariationAll conditions the same as Condition 1 exceptAmbient Temperature -30degC to +55degC
Additional Error plusmn075 of reading
32 Specifications
Note Option PV WattNode models may not meet these accuracy specifications for the P3
output channel when measuring a two-phase inverter or multiple inverters
Pulse OutputsFactory Programmable Full-Scale Pulse Frequencies
Standard (All Models) 400 Hz
Custom (Bidirectional Output Models) 001 Hz to 600 Hz
Custom (Option P3 Option PV Option DPO) 001 Hz to 150 Hz
Absolute Maximum Pulse Output FrequenciesStandard Models (Bidirectional Outputs) 900 Hz
Option P3 Option PV Option DPO 200 Hz
Output Waveform square-wave ~50 duty cycle
Option PW programmable pulse ON (closed or conducting period 1 to 65535 milliseconds
Optoisolator OutputsIsolation 5000 Vac RMS
Breakdown Voltage (collectorndashemitter) 60 V (exceeding this may destroy the outputs)
Maximum Reverse Voltage (emitter-collector) 5 Vdc (exceeding may destroy the outputs)
Maximum Leakage (OFF) Current (collectorndashemitter) 100 nA
Recommended Load Current (collectorndashemitter) 1 μA (microamp) to 5 mA (milliamp)
Maximum Load (collectorndashemitter) Current ~8 mA
Approximate ON Resistance (as measured by a DMM) 100 Ω to 2000 Ω
Approximate OFF Resistance (as measured by a DMM) gt 50 MΩ
MeasurementCreep Limit 0067 (11500th) of full-scale Whenever the apparent power (a combination of the
real and reactive power values) for a phase drops below the creep limit the output power (real)
for the phase will be forced to zero Also if the line voltage for a phase drops below 20 of
nominal Vac the output power for the phase will be set to zero These limits prevent spurious
pulses due to measurement noise
Update Rate ~200 milliseconds Internally the consumed energy is measured at this rate and
used to update the pulse output rate
Start-Up Time approximately 500 milliseconds The meter starts measuring power and generat-
ing pulses 500 milliseconds after AC voltage is applied
Current Transformer Phase Angle Correction 10 degree leading Current transformers (CTs)
typically have a leading phase angle error ranging from 02 degrees to 25 degrees The
WattNode meter is normally programmed to correct for a 10 degree phase lead to provide
good accuracy with typical CTs
Over-Voltage Limit 125 of nominal Vac If the line voltage for one or more phases exceeds this
limit the status LEDs for these phases will flash alternating red-green as a warning Extended
over-voltage operation can damage the meter and void the warranty See Line Voltage Too High (p 21)
Over-Current Limit 120 of rated current Exceeding 120 of rated current will not harm the
WattNode meter but the current and power will not be measured accurately
Specifications 33
Saturation Voltage vs Load Current this is the typical voltage (at room temperature) mea-
sured between the COM terminal and P1 P2 or P3 when the optoisolator is on (conduct-
ing) Ideally this voltage would be zero but instead it varies with the load current
10
100
1000
001 01 1 10
Opt
oiso
lato
r Sat
urat
ion
Vce
(mill
ivol
ts)
Optoisolator Current (mA)
Figure 13 Optoisolator Saturation Voltage vs Load Current
Output Rise Time (microseconds) approximately Rpullup 100 where Rpullup is the pull-
up resistor value (in ohms) and the pull-up voltage is 5 Vdc Rise time is defined as the time
for the output voltage to rise from 20 to 80 of the pull-up voltage
Output Fall Time approximately 2-3 microseconds with a 5 Vdc pull-up voltage
Option SSR OutputsIsolation 5000 Vac RMS
Breakdown Voltage plusmn60 Vdc or 40 Vac can switch positive negative or AC voltages
Maximum Leakage (Off) Current 1000 nA (1 μA)
On Resistance 10 to 25 Ω
Maximum Load Current 500 mA
Output Turn On Time (milliseconds) 18 ms typical 50 ms maximum
Output Turn Off Time (milliseconds) 05 ms typical 20 ms maximum
Maximum Recommended Pulse Frequency 30 Hz
ElectricalPower Consumption The following table shows typical power consumption and power factor
values with all three phases powered at nominal line voltages The power supply draws
most of the total power consumed while the measurement circuitry draws 1-10 of the total
(6-96 milliwatts per phase depending on the model) Due to the design of the power supply
WattNode meters draw slightly more power at 50 Hz
34 Specifications
ModelActive
Power at 60 Hz
Active Power at
50 Hz
Power Factor
Rated Power
Power Supply Range
Power Supply
TerminalsWNB-3Y-208-P 16 W 18 W 075 3 W 96 ndash 138 Vac N and OslashAWNB-3Y-400-P 16 W 18 W 064 3 W 184 ndash 264 Vac N and OslashAWNB-3Y-480-P 21 W 24 W 063 4 W 222 ndash 318 Vac N and OslashAWNB-3Y-600-P 12 W 12 W 047 3 W 278 ndash 399 Vac N and OslashAWNB-3D-240-P 17 W 19 W 063 4 W 166 ndash 276 Vac OslashA and OslashBWNB-3D-400-P 14 W 15 W 047 3 W 320 ndash 460 Vac OslashA and OslashBWNB-3D-480-P 18 W 22 W 053 4 W 384 ndash 552 Vac OslashA and OslashB
Table 11 Power Supply Characteristics
Note This is the maximum rated power at 115 of nominal Vac at 50 Hz This is the same as
the rated power that appears on the front label of the meter
Maximum Operating Power Supply Voltage Range -20 to +15 of nominal (see table
above) For the WNB-3D-240-P this is -20 of 208 Vac (166 Vac) to +15 of 240 Vac (276
Vac)
Operating Frequencies 5060 Hz
Measurement Category CAT III
Measurement category III is for measurements performed in the building installation Examples
are measurements on distribution boards circuit-breakers wiring including cables bus-bars
junction boxes switches socket-outlets in the fixed installation and equipment for industrial
use and some other equipment for example stationary motors with permanent connection to
the fixed installation
The line voltage measurement terminals on the meter are rated for the following CAT III volt-
ages (these ratings also appear on the front label)
Model CAT III Voltage RatingWNB-3Y-208-P
WNB-3D-240-P
240 Vac
WNB-3Y-400-P
WNB-3D-400-P
400 Vac
WNB-3Y-480-P
WNB-3D-480-P
480 Vac
WNB-3Y-600-P 600 Vac
Table 12 WattNode CAT III Ratings
Current Transformer InputsNominal Input Voltage (At CT Rated Current) 033333 Vac RMS
Absolute Maximum Input Voltage 50 Vac RMS
Input Impedance at 5060 Hz 23 kΩ
Specifications 35
CertificationsSafety UL 61010-1 CANCSA-C222 No 61010-1-04 IEC 61010-1
Immunity EN 61326 2002 (Industrial Locations)
Electrostatic Discharge EN 61000-4-2 4 kV contact 8 kV air (B) Self-Recovering
Radiated RF Immunity EN 61000-4-3 10 Vm (A) No Degradation
Electrical Fast Transient Burst EN 61000-4-4 2 kV (B) Self-Recovering
Surge Immunity EN 61000-4-5 1 kV IO 4 kV AC (B) Self-Recovering
Conducted RF Immunity EN 61000-4-6 3 V (A) No Degradation
Voltage Dips Interrupts EN 61000-4-11 (B) Self-Recovering
Emissions FCC Part 15 Class B EN 55022 1994 Class B
EnvironmentalOperating Temperature -30degC to +55degC (-22degF to 131degF)
Altitude Up to 2000 m (6560 ft)
Operating Humidity non-condensing 5 to 90 relative humidity (RH) up to 40degC decreasing
linearly to 50 RH at 55degC
Pollution POLLUTION DEGREE 2 - Normally only non-conductive pollution occasionally a
temporary conductivity caused by condensation must be expected
Indoor Use Suitable for indoor use
Outdoor Use Suitable for outdoor use when mounted inside an electrical enclosure (Hammond
Mfg Type EJ Series) that is rated NEMA 3R or 4 (IP 66)
MechanicalEnclosure High impact ABS andor ABSPC plastic
Flame Resistance Rating UL 94V-0 IEC FV-0
Size 153 mm times 85 mm times 38 mm (602 in times 335 in times 150 in)
Weight 285 gm (101 oz) 314 gm (111 oz)
Connectors Euroblock style pluggable terminal blocks
Green up to 12 AWG (25 mm2) 600 V
Black up to 12 AWG (25 mm2) 300 V
Current TransformersWattNode meters use CTs with built-in burden resistors generating 033333 Vac at rated AC cur-
rent The maximum input current rating is dependent on the CT frame size (see the tables below)
Exceeding the maximum input current rating may damage CTs but should not harm the meter
None of these CTs measure DC current and the accuracy can be degraded in the presence of DC
currents as from half-wave rectified loads The solid-core CTs are most susceptible to saturation
due to DC currents
WattNode meters should only be used with UL recognized current transformers which are avail-
able from Continental Control Systems Using non-approved transformers will invalidate the meter
UL listing The following sections list approved UL recognized current transformers
36 Specifications
Common CT SpecificationsType voltage output integral burden resistor
Output Voltage at Rated Current 033333 Vac (one-third volt)
Standard CT Wire Length 24 m (8 feet)
Optional CT Wire Length up to 30 m (100 feet)
Split-Core CTsAlso called ldquoopeningrdquo current transformers These are UL recognized under UL file numbers
E96927 or E325972 CTM-0360-xxx CTS-0750-xxx CTS-1250-xxx CTS-2000-xxx where xxx
indicates the full scale current rating between 0005 and 1500 amps
The accuracy of the split-core CTs are specified from 10 to 100 of rated AC current The
phase angle is specified at 50 of rated current (amps) Some low current split-core CTs have
unspecified phase angle errors
ModelInside
DiameterRated Amps (-xxx)
Accuracy Phase Angle
Maximum Amps
CTM-0360-xxx 030 (75 mm) 5 15 30 50 70 plusmn1 lt2deg 100
CTS-0750-xxx 075rdquo (190 mm) 5 15 30 50 plusmn1 not spec 200
CTS-0750-xxx 075rdquo (190 mm) 70 100 150 200 plusmn1 lt2deg 200
CTS-1250-xxx 125rdquo (317 mm) 70 100 plusmn1 not spec 600
CTS-1250-xxx 125rdquo (317 mm) 150 200 250 300 400 600 plusmn1 lt2deg 600
CTS-2000-xxx 200rdquo (508 mm) 600 800 1000 1200 1500 plusmn1 lt2deg 1500
Table 13 Split-core CTs
Split-Core Bus Bar CTsThese current transformers are referred to as ldquobus barrdquo CTs because they are available in larger
and custom sizes appropriate for use with bus bars or multiple large conductors These are UL
recognized under UL file number E325972 CTB-wwwXhhh-xxx where www and hhh indicate
the width and height in inches and xxx indicates the full scale current rating
The accuracy of the split-core bus bar CTs is specified from 10 to 100 of rated current The
phase angle is specified at 50 of rated current (amps)
Model OpeningRated Amps
Accuracy Phase Angle
Maximum Amps
CTB-15x35-0600 15 x 35 (381 mm x 889 mm) 600 plusmn15 lt15deg 750
CTB-40x40-0800 40 x 40 (1016 mm x 1016 mm) 800 plusmn15 lt15deg 1000
CTB-40x40-1200 40 x 40 (1016 mm x 1016mm) 1200 plusmn15 lt15deg 1500
CTB-40x40-2000 40 x 40 (1016 mm x 1016 mm) 2000 plusmn15 lt15deg 2500
CTB-45x40-3000 45 x 40 (1143 mm x 1016 mm) 3000 plusmn15 lt15deg 3750
CTB-wwwxhhh-xxxx Custom (www by hhh inches) xxxx plusmn15 lt15deg 4000
Table 14 Split-core Bus Bar CTs
Solid-Core CTsAlso called ldquotoroidrdquo or ldquodonutrdquo current transformers These are UL recognized under UL
file number E96927 CTT-0750-100N CTT-1250-400N CTT-0300-030N CTT-0500-060N
CTT-1000-200N CTT-0300-005N CTT-0300-015N CTT-0500-050N CTT-0500-030N
CTT-0500-015N CTT-0750-070N CTT-0750-050N CTT-0750-030N CTT-1000-150N
CTT-1000-100N CTT-1000-070N CTT-1000-050N CTT-1250-300N CTT-1250-250N
CTT-1250-200N CTT-1250-150N CTT-1250-100N CTT-1250-070N
Warranty 37
The accuracy of the solid-core CTs is specified from 10 to 100 of rated current The phase
angle error is specified at 50 of rated current The CT suffix xxx is the rated current The ldquoNrdquo at
the end of the part number indicates a nickel core material which is the only core material avail-
able for our solid-core CTs
ModelInside
DiameterRated Amps (-xxx)
Accuracy Phase Angle
Maximum Amps
CTT-0300-xxxN 030 (76mm) 5 15 20 30 plusmn1 lt1deg 30
CTT-0500-xxxN 050 (127mm) 15 20 30 50 60 plusmn1 lt1deg 60
CTT-0750-xxxN 075 (190mm) 30 50 70 100 plusmn1 lt1deg 100
CTT-1000-xxxN 100 (254mm) 50 70 100 150 200 plusmn1 lt1deg 200
CTT-1250-xxxN 125 (317mm) 70 100 150 200 250 300 400 plusmn1 lt1deg 400
Table 15 Solid-core CTs
WarrantyAll products sold by Continental Control Systems LLC (CCS) are guaranteed against defects in
material and workmanship for a period of five years from the original date of shipment CCSrsquos
responsibility is limited to repair replacement or refund any of which may be selected by CCS at
its sole discretion CCS reserves the right to substitute functionally equivalent new or serviceable
used parts
This warranty covers only defects arising under normal use and does not include malfunctions or
failures resulting from misuse neglect improper application improper installation water damage
acts of nature lightning product modifications alterations or repairs by anyone other than CCS
Except as set forth herein CCS makes no warranties expressed or implied and CCS disclaims and negates all other warranties including without limitation implied warranties of merchantability and fitness for a particular purpose
Limitation of LiabilityIn no event shall CCS be liable for any indirect special incidental punitive or consequen-tial damages of any kind or nature arising out of the sale or use of its products whether such liability is asserted on the basis of contract tort or otherwise including without limitation lost profits even if CCS has been advised of the possibility of such damages
Customer acknowledges that CCSrsquos aggregate liability to Customer relating to or arising out of the sale or use of CCSrsquos products whether such liability is asserted on the basis of contract tort or otherwise shall not exceed the purchase price paid by Customer for the products in respect of which damages are claimed Customer specifically acknowledges that CCSrsquos price for the products is based upon the limitations of CCSrsquos liability set forth herein
CTL Series - 125 Inch Window - 250 and 400 AmpsThe CTL revenue-grade split-core current transformers provide IEEE
C5713 class 06 accuracy with UL listing for energy management
equipment They combine the ease of installation of an opening cur-
rent transformer with the accuracy normally associated with solid-core
current transformers They are an ideal companion to the WattNodereg
Revenue meter for revenue-grade electric power metering applications
bull Very low phase angle error essential for accurate power and energy
measurements
bull IEEEANSI C5713 and IEC 60044-1 accuracy over the full tem-
perature range
bull Glove-friendly operation with one hand
SpecificationsAll specifications are for operation at 60 Hz
bull Accuracy
bull plusmn050 from 15 to 100 of rated primary current
bull plusmn075 from 1 to 15 of rated primary current
bull Phase angle
bull plusmn025 degrees (15 minutes) from 50 to 100 of rated current
bull plusmn050 degrees (30 minutes) from 5 to 50 of rated current
bull plusmn075 degrees (45 minutes) from 1 to 5 of rated current
bull Accuracy standards IEEE C5713 class 06 IEC 60044-1 class 05S
bull Primary rating 250 or 400 Amps 600 Vac 60 Hz nominal
bull Output 33333 mVac at rated current
bull Operating temperature -30degC to 55degC
bull Safe integral burden resistor no shorting block needed
bull Standard lead length 8 ft (24 m) 18 AWG
bull Approvals UL recognized CE mark RoHS
bull Assembled in USA qualified under Buy American provision in ARRA of
2009
Models Amps MSRPCTL-1250-250 Opt C06 250 $ 66
CTL-1250-400 Opt C06 400 $ 66
Revenue-Grade Accuracy
3131 Indian Road bull Boulder CO 80301 USAsalesccontrolsyscom bull wwwccontrolsyscom(888) 928-8663 bull Fax (303) 444-2903
-100
-075
-050
-025
000
025
050
075
100
01 1 10 100 200
Rea
din
g E
rro
r
Percent of Rated Primary Current
CTL-1250 Series Typical Accuracy
CTL-1250-250 Opt C06
CTL-1250-400 Opt C06
-100deg
-075deg
-050deg
-025deg
000deg
025deg
050deg
075deg
100deg
Pha
se A
ngle
Deg
rees
Percent of Rated Primary Current
CTL-1250 Series Typical Phase Error
CTL-1250-250 Opt C06
CTL-1250-400 Opt C06
01 1 10 100 200
bull Graphs show typical performance at 23degC 60 Hz
bull Graph shows a positive phase angle when the
output leads the primary current
CTL-51013 Specifications are subject to change
Patent pending
317(805)
130(330)
368(937)327
(830)
138(350)
114(289)
125(317)
Dimensions in inches(millimeters)
New
Continental Control Systems LLC
PatPatent pee
Minimum System Requirements
Software USB cableUSB bl S ft
Flexible Accurate 4-channel Analog Logger
HOBO UX120 4-Channel Analog Logger
Key Advantages
bull Twice the accuracy over previous models bull 16-bit resolutionbull Flexible support for a wide range of external sensorsbull LCD confirms logger operation and displays near real-time measurement databull Provides minimum maximum average and standard deviation logging optionsbull On-screen alarms notify you when a sensor reading exceeds set thresholdsbull Stores 19 million measurements for longer deployments between offloads
The HOBO UX120-006M Analog Logger is a high-performance LCD display data logger for building performance monitoring applications As Onsetrsquos highest-accuracy data logger it provides twice the accuracy of previous models a deployment-friendly LCD and flexible support up to four external sensors for measuring temperature current CO2 voltage and more
Supported Measurements Temperature 4-20mA AC Current AC Voltage Air Velocity Carbon Dioxide Compressed Air Flow DC Current DC Voltage Gauge Pressure Kilowatts Volatile Organic Compound (sensors sold separately)
USB cable included with software
For complete information and accessories please visit wwwonsetcompcom
Part number UX120-006M (4-Channel Analog)
Memory 19 MillionLogging Rate 1 second to 18 hours user selectableLogging Modes Normal Burst StatisticsMemory Modes Wrap when full or stop when fullTime Accuracy plusmn1 minute per month at 25degC (77degF)Battery Life 1 year typical with logging rate of 1 minute and sampling interval of 15 seconds or greater user replaceable 2 AAADimensions 108 x 541 x 254 cm (425 x 213 x 1 in)Operating Range Logging -20deg to 70degC (-4deg to 158degF) 0 to 95 RH (non-condensing)Accuracy plusmn01 mV plusmn01 of readingCE Compliant Yes
Log type J K T E R S B or N thermocouplesHOBOreg UX120 4-Channel Thermocouple Logger
Supported Measurements Temperature
Minimum System Requirements
Software USB cableUSB bl S ft
For complete information and accessories please visit wwwonsetcompcom
Part number UX120-014M (Thermocouple)
Internal TemperatureRange -20deg to 70degC (-4deg to 158degF)Accuracy plusmn021degC from 0deg to 50degC (plusmn038degF from 32deg to 122degF)Resolution 0024degC at 25degC (004degF at 77degF)Drift lt01degC (018degF) per year
LoggerLogging Rate 1 second to 18 hours 12 minutes 15 secondsLogging Modes Normal Burst StatisticsMemory Modes Wrap when full or stop when fullTime Accuracy plusmn1 minute per month at 25degC (77degF)Battery Life 1 year typical with logging rate of 1 minute and sampling interval of 15 seconds or greater user replaceable 2 AAADimensions 108 x 541 x 254 cm (425 x 213 x 1 in)Operating Range Logging -20deg to 70degC (-4deg to 158degF) 0 to 95 RH (non-condensing)CE Compliant Yes
Thermocouple Range Accuracy Resolution(probes sold separately) Type J -210deg to 760degC (-346deg to 1400degF) plusmn06degC (plusmn108degF) plusmn thermocouple probe accuracy 003degC (006degF)Type K -260deg to 1370degC (-436deg to 2498degF) plusmn07degC (plusmn126degF) plusmn thermocouple probe accuracy 004degC (007degF)Type T -260deg to 400degC (-436deg to 752degF) plusmn06degC (plusmn108degF) plusmn thermocouple probe accuracy 002degC (003degF)Type E -260deg to 950degC (-436deg to 1742degF) plusmn06degC (plusmn108degF) plusmn thermocouple probe accuracy 003degC at (005degF)Type R -50deg to 1550degC (-58deg to 2822degF) plusmn22degC (plusmn396degF) plusmn thermocouple probe accuracy 008degC (015degF)Type S -50deg to 1720degC (-58deg to 3128degF) plusmn22degC (plusmn396degF) plusmn thermocouple probe accuracy 008degC (015degF)Type B +60deg to 1820degC (1022deg to 3308degF) plusmn25degC (plusmn45degF) plusmn thermocouple probe accuracy 01degC (018F)Type N -260deg to 1300degC (-436deg to 2372degF) plusmn10degC (plusmn18degF) plusmn thermocouple probe accuracy 006degC (011degF)
USB cable included with software
Key Advantages
bull Easy-to-view LCD display confirms logger operation and battery statusbull Near real-time readout of current temperatures as well as minimum maximum average and standard deviation statisticsbull On-screen alarms notify you if temperatures exceed high or low thresholdsbull Large memory capacity capable of storing 19 million measurementsbull Start stop and restart pushbuttonsbull User-upgradeable firmware
The HOBO UX120 Thermocouple Logger is a four-channel LCD data logger for measuring and recording temperature in a range of monitoring applications The logger makes it easy and convenient to record temperatures over a broad range (-260 to 1820deg C) and can accept up to four J K T E R S B or N type probes In addition to accepting four thermocouple probes the logger features an internal temperature sensor for logging ambient temperatures further extending the application possibilities
Log pulse signals events state changes and runtimesHOBOreg UX120 Pulse Logger
Key Advantages
bull Simultaneously measures and records pulse signals events state changes and runtimesbull Stores over 4 million measurements enabling longer deployments with fewer site visitsbull Streamlines deployment via range of startstop options logger status LEDs and high-speed USB 20 data offloadbull Works with Onsetrsquos E50B2 Power amp Energy Meter to measure Power Factor Reactive Power Watt Hours and more
The HOBO UX120 4-Channel Pulse data logger is a highly versatile 4-channel energy data logger that combines the functionality of four separate energy loggers into one compact unit It enables energy management professionals ndash from energy auditors to building commissioners ndash to easily track building energy consumption equipment runtimes and water and gas flow rates
Supported Measurements Pulse Signals Event Runtime State AC Current AC Voltage Amp Hour Kilowatt Hours Kilowatts Motor OnOff Power Factor Volt-Amps Watt Hours Watts Volt-Amp Reactive Volt-Amp Reactive Hour
Minimum System Requirements
Software USB cable SensorUSB bl S ft S
Part number UX120-017 UX120-017M
Memory 520000 measurements 4000000 measurementsSampling rate 1 second to 18 hoursBattery life 1 year typical user replaceable 2 AAExternal contact Input Electronic solid state switch closure or logic driven digital signals to 24VMax pulse frequency 120 HzMax state event runtime frequency 1 Hz
Resolution Pulse 1 pulse Runtime 1 second State and Event 1 state or eventBits 4 - 32 bits depending on pulse rate and logging intervalLockout time 0 to 1 second in 100 ms stepsOperating temperature range Logging -40ordm to 70ordmC (-40ordm to 158ordmF) 0 to 95 RH (non-condensing)
Dimensions 114 x 63 x 33 cm (45 x 25 x 13 inches)CE compliant Yes
USB cable included with software
For complete information and accessories please visit wwwonsetcompcom
Copyrightcopy 2013 Onset Computer Corporation All rights reserved Onset HOBO HOBOware are registered trademarks of Onset Computer Corporation Other products and brand names may be trademarks or registered trademarks of their respective owners Patented technology (US Patent 6826664) MKT1049-0813
Technical Support (8am to 8pm ET Monday through Friday) wwwonsetcompcomsupportcontact Call 1-877-564-4377
Contact Us Sales (8am to 5pm ET Monday through Friday) Email salesonsetcompcom Call 1-800-564-4377 Fax 1-508-759-9100
HOBOreg 4-Channel Pulse Input Data Logger (UX120-017x) Manual
14638-E
The HOBO 4-Channel Pulse Input data logger records electronic pulses and mechanical or electrical contact closures from external sensing devices Using HOBOwarereg you can easily configure each of its four channels to monitor and record pulse event state or runtime data in a wide variety of applications including tracking building energy consumption monitoring mechanical equipment and recording water and gas flow rates Plus when combined with the E50B2 Energy amp Power Meter (T-VER-E50B2) this logger provides extensive power and energy monitoring capabilities There are two models of the HOBO 4-Channel Pulse Input data logger the UX120-017 stores more than 500000 measurements while the UX120-017M holds more than 4000000 measurements
Specifications Inputs
External Contact Input Electronic solid state switch closure or logic driven digital signals to 24 V
Maximum Pulse Frequency 120 Hz
Maximum State Event Runtime Frequency
1 Hz
Bits 4ndash32 bits depending on pulse rate and logging interval
Maximum Pulses Per Interval
7863960 (using maximum logging rate)
Driven Logic Signal Input Low 04 V Input High 3 to 24 V
Absolute Maximum Rating Maximum Voltage 25 V DC Minimum Voltage -03 V DC
Solid State Switch Closure Input Low lt 10 K Input High gt 500 K
Internal Weak Pull-Up 100 K
Input Impedance Solid state switch closure 100 K pull up Driven signal 45 K
Minimum Pulse Width Contact closure duration 500 uS Driven logic signal 100 uS
Lockout Time 0 to 1 second in 100 ms steps
Edge Detection Falling edge Schmitt Trigger buffer
Preferred Switch State Normally open or Logic ldquo1rdquo state
Logging
Resolution Pulse 1 pulse Runtime 1 second State and Event 1 State or Event
Logging Rate 1 second to 18 hours 12 minutes 15 seconds
Time Accuracy plusmn1 minute per month at 25degC (77degF) (see Plot A on next page)
Battery Life 1 year typical with logging intervals greater than 1 minute and normally open contacts
Battery Type Two AA alkaline or lithium batteries
Memory
Memory UX120-017 520192 measurements (assumes 8-bit) UX120-017M 4124672 measurements (assumes 8-bit)
Download Type USB 20 interface
Download Time 30 seconds for UX120-017 15 minutes for UX120-017M
Physical
Operating Range Logging -40deg to 70degC (-40deg to 158degF) 0 to 95 RH (non-condensing) LaunchReadout 0deg to 50degC (32deg to 122degF) per USB specification
Weight 149 g (526 oz)
Size 114 x 63 x 33 cm (45 x 25 x 13 inches)
Environmental Rating IP50
The CE Marking identifies this product as complying with all relevant directives in the European Union (EU)
HOBO 4-Channel Pulse Input Data Logger
Models UX120-017 UX120-017M
Included Items bull 4 Mounting screws bull 2 Magnets bull Hook amp loop tape bull 4 Terminal block connectors
Required Items bull HOBOware Pro 32 or later bull USB cable (included with
software)
Accessories bull Additional terminal blocks
(A-UX120-TERM-BLOCK) bull Lithium batteries (HWSB-LI)
Additional sensors and accessories available at wwwonsetcompcom
HOBO 4-Channel Pulse Input Data Logger Manual
1-800-LOGGERS 2 wwwonsetcompcom
Specifications (continued)
Plot A Time Accuracy
Logger Components and Operation
StartStop Button Press this button for 3 seconds to start or stop logging data This requires configuring the logger in HOBOware with a Button Start andor a Button Stop (see Setting up the Logger) You can also press this button for 1 second to record an internal event (see Recording Internal Logger Events)
LEDs There are three types of LEDs on the logger to indicate logger operation Logging Waiting and Activity Note that all LEDs will blink when the logger is initially powered (ie when the batteries are installed)
LED Description Logging (green)
Blinks every 2 seconds when the logger is recording data Disable this LED by selecting the Turn Off LEDs option in HOBOware
Waiting (orange)
Blinks every 2 seconds when awaiting a start because the logger was configured with Start At Interval Delayed Start or Button Start settings in HOBOware
Activity (red)
There is one Activity LED per input channel Press the Test button to activate all four Activity LEDs for 10 minutes to determine the state of the four input channels When the logger is recording data the Activity LED for the corresponding channel will blink at every pulse signal Note If you press the Test button during logging then the Activity LED will remain illuminated for any channel that has not been configured to record data
Inputs There are 4 input channels to connect the logger to external sensorsdevices
Terminal Blocks There are 4 terminal blocks included with the logger to plug into the inputs for connecting devices
Test Button Press this button to activate the Activity Lights for 10 minutes to test for contact resistance or voltage signal in any of the four input channels (see the LED table)
Mounting Holes There are four mounting holes two on each side that you can use to mount the logger to a surface (see Mounting the Logger)
USB Port This is the port used to connect the logger to the computer or the HOBO U-Shuttle via USB cable (see Setting up the Logger and Reading Out the Logger)
Setting Up the Logger Use HOBOware Pro to set up the logger including selecting the start and stop logging options configuring the input channels for specific sensor types and entering scaling factors It may be helpful to set up the logger with a Delayed Start or a Button Start first and then bring it to the location where you will mount it to connect the external sensorsdevices and test the connections before logging begins
1 Connect the logger and open the Launch window To connect the logger to a computer plug the small end of the USB cable into the side of the logger and the large end into a USB port on the computer Click the Launch icon on the HOBOware toolbar or select Launch from the Device menu
Important USB specifications do not guarantee operation outside this range of 0degC (32degF) to 50degC (122degF)
2 Select Sensor Type Each of the input channels can be configured to log the following
bull Pulse This records the number of pulse signals per logging interval (the logger records a pulse signal when the input transitions to the logic low) There are built-in scaling factors you can select for supported devices and sensors or you can set your own scaling when you select raw pulse counts You can also adjust the maximum pulse frequency and lockout time as necessary
bull State This records how long an event lasts by storing the date and time when the state of the signal or switch changes (logic state high to low or low to high) The logger checks every second for a state change but will only record a time-stamped value when the state change occurs One state change to the next represents the event duration
bull Event This records the date and time when a connected relay switch or logic low transition occurs (the logger records an event when the input transitions to the logic low) This is useful if you need to know when an event occurred but do not need to know the duration of the event You can also adjust the lockout time to debounce switches
bull Runtime This records the number of state changes that happen over a period of time The logger checks the state of the line once a second At the end of each logging
LEDs StartStop Button
USB Port
Inputs
One of Four Terminal Blocks Test Button Mounting Holes
HOBO 4-Channel Pulse Input Data Logger Manual
1-800-LOGGERS 3 wwwonsetcompcom
interval the logger records how many seconds the line was in the logic low state
3 Choose the logging interval from 1 second to a maximum of 18 hours 12 minutes and 15 seconds (available for Pulse or Runtime logging only)
4 Choose when to start logging
bull Now Logging begins immediately
bull At Interval Logging will begin at the next even interval
bull Push Button Logging will begin once you press the StartStop logging button for 3 seconds
bull On DateTime Logging will begin at a date and time you specify
5 Choose when to stop logging
bull When Memory Fills Logging will end once the logger memory is full
bull Never (wrapping) The logger will record data indefinitely with newest data overwriting the oldest
bull Push Button Logging will end once you press the StartStop logging button for 3 seconds Note If you also configured a Push Button start then you must wait 5 minutes after logging begins before you can use the button to stop logging
bull Specific Stop Date Logging will end at a date and time you specify
6 Select any other logging options as desired and finish the launch configuration Depending on the start type verify that the logging or waiting LED is blinking
Connecting Sensors Transducers or Instruments to the Logger You can connect the logger to an external sensing device using the four input channels To connect a device to the logger
1 Follow the instructions and wiring diagrams in the user manual for the device
2 Connect the device to the terminal block as directed in the device instructions
3 Plug in the terminal block into one of the four inputs (labeled 1 through 4)
4 Press the Test button as needed to activate the Activity LEDs and check whether the logger reads the pulse signal
5 Configure logger launch settings if you have not already
Notes
bull Be sure that all devices are connected before logging begins Any sensorsdevices attached after logging begins will not record accurate data
bull If connecting an E50B2 Energy amp Power Meter (T-VER-E50B2) you have the option to use the default meter settings or your own custom settings
bull If any channels have been configured to record raw pulse counts or events in HOBOware there is also an option to specify lockout time This can prevent false readings from mechanical contactclosure bouncing For more information on setting lockout time see the HOBOware Help
Determining Logging Duration for EventState Data The loggerrsquos storage capacity and logging duration varies depending on several factors including logging interval number of channels configured and the type of data being recorded This table estimates the logging duration based on recording event or state changes on one input channel with logging set to stop when the memory is full To estimate logging duration for multiple event or state channels divide the logging duration by the number of active channels If you want to know exactly how long the logger will run use pulse or runtime modes
Time Between Events
Approximate Total Data Points
Approximate Logging Duration (1 Year Battery Life)
Logger Part Number
1 to 15 seconds
346795 4 to 60 days UX120-017
2749781 32 days to 13 years UX120-017M
16 seconds to 42 minutes
260096 48 days to 21 years UX120-017
2062336 1 to 166 years UX120-017M
43 to 682 minutes
208077 16 to 27 years UX120-017
1649869 13 to 214 years UX120-017M
683 minutes to 182 hours
173397 225 to 360 years UX120-017
1374891 178 to 285 decades UX120-017M
Notes
bull Typical battery life is 1 year
bull The logger can record battery voltage data in an additional channel This is disabled by default Recording battery voltage reduces storage capacity and is generally not used except for troubleshooting
Setting Maximum Pulse Frequency When recording raw pulse counts the logger dynamically adjusts its memory usage from 4 to 32 bits instead of a typical fixed width This results in the ability to store more data using less space which in turn extends logging duration The default pulse rate is 120 Hz which is also the maximum You can adjust this rate in HOBOware (see the HOBOware Help for details) Decreasing the rate will increase logging duration The following table shows examples of how pulse rate and logging interval affect logging duration
Logging Interval
Pulse Rate (Hz)
Number of Bits Required
Approximate Total Data Points
Approximate Logging Duration
1 minute 4 8 520192 361 days
1 minute 50 12 346795 240 days
1 minute 120 16 260096 180 days
Reading Out the Logger There are two options for reading out the logger connect it to the computer with a USB cable and read out it with HOBOware or connect it to a HOBO U-Shuttle (U-DT-1 firmware version 114m030 or higher) and then offload the datafiles from the
HOBO 4-Channel Pulse Input Data Logger Manual
1-800-LOGGERS (564-4377) bull 508-759-9500 wwwonsetcompcom bull loggerhelponsetcompcom
copy 2011ndash2013 Onset Computer Corporation All rights reserved Onset HOBO and HOBOware are trademarks or registered trademarks of Onset Computer Corporation All other trademarks are the property of their respective companies
14638-E
U-Shuttle to HOBOware Refer to the HOBOware Help for more details
Recording Internal Logger Events The logger records several internal events to help track logger operation and status These events which are unrelated to state and event logging include the following
Internal Event Name Definition
Host Connected The logger was connected to the computer
Started The StartStop button was pressed to begin logging
Stopped The logger received a command to stop recording data (from HOBOware or by pushing the StartStop button)
Button UpButton Down
The StartStop button was pressed for 1 second
Safe Shutdown The battery level is 18 V the logger shut down
Mounting the Logger There are three ways to mount the logger using the materials included
bull Screw the logger to a surface with a Phillips-head screwdriver and the four mounting screws using the following dimensions
bull Attach the two magnets to the back of the logger and
then place the logger on a magnetic surface
bull Use the hook-and-loop tape to affix the logger to a surface
Protecting the Logger The logger is designed for indoor use and can be permanently damaged by corrosion if it gets wet Protect it from condensation If it gets wet remove the battery immediately and dry the circuit board It is possible to dry the logger with a hair dryer before reinstalling the battery Do not let the board get too hot You should be able to comfortably hold the board in your hand while drying it
Note Static electricity may cause the logger to stop logging The logger has been tested to 4 KV but avoid electrostatic
discharge by grounding yourself to protect the logger For more information search for ldquostatic dischargerdquo in the FAQ section on onsetcompcom
Battery Information The logger is shipped with two AA alkaline batteries You can also use 15 V AA lithium batteries when deploying the logger in cold environments Expected battery life varies based on the temperature where the logger is deployed and the frequency (the logging interval and the rate of state changes andor events) at which the logger is recording data A new battery typically lasts one year with logging intervals greater than one minute and when the input signals are normally open or in the high logic state Deployments in extremely cold or hot temperatures logging intervals faster than one minute or continuously closed contacts may reduce battery life The logger can also be powered through the USB cable connected to the computer This allows you to read out the logger when the remaining battery voltage is too low for it to continue logging Connect the logger to the computer click the Readout button on the toolbar and save the data as prompted Replace the batteries before launching the logger again To replace the batteries
1 Disconnect the logger from the computer
2 Unscrew the logger case using a Philips-head screwdriver
3 Carefully remove the two batteries
4 Insert two new AA batteries (alkaline or lithium) observing polarity When batteries are inserted correctly all LEDs blink briefly
5 Carefully realign the logger case and re-fasten the screws
WARNING Do not cut open incinerate heat above 85degC (185degF) or recharge the lithium batteries The batteries may explode if the logger is exposed to extreme heat or conditions that could damage or destroy the battery cases Do not dispose of the logger or batteries in fire Do not expose the contents of the batteries to water Dispose of the batteries according to local regulations for lithium batteries
HOBOware provides the option of recording the current battery voltage at each logging interval which is disabled by default Recording battery life at each logging interval takes up memory and therefore reduces logging duration It is recommended you only record battery voltage for diagnostic purposes
457 cm (18 inches)
1016 cm (4 inches)
The Bertreg 110 M
Plug Load Management with Measurement
If yoursquore like most facility managers you suspect that there are large potential savings from plug based loads Unfortunately you lack an easy way to document actual energy usage and savings The Bertreg Plug Load Management System with measurement‐enabled Bertreg 110M units is a brilliant solution
Measure energy use with Bertrsquos real‐time measurement features
Analyze energy use establishing optimal schedules and documenting savings
Control plug based devices throughout your facility
The Plug Load Problem
Studies show that plug based load is a large and growing source of energy use‐ estimated at 20 of energy use for offices and 25 of electricity for schools Yet many schools offices and retail locations are closed for nearly as many hours per year as they are open Bertreg provides the simple sophisticated tools to turn equipment on when buildings are occupied and off when theyrsquore not
How Bertreg Works
Each Bertreg contains a microprocessor that can communicate with the Bertbrain 1000 control software across your wireless network Bertreg can store 7‐day onoff schedules with multiple onoff commands each day This allows you to set schedules that mirror the actual operating hours of your facility and easily modify schedules throughout the year
Measure Analyze and Control
The Bertreg 110M features an energy
measurement chip that monitors the amount of
power flowing through the plug and reports this
information back to the Bertbrain 1000M
software program The measurement feature
allows you to know the actual energy
consumption of your equipment as used in your
facility rather than rely on estimates from
manufacturer spec sheets or industry studies
Load Shedding
Many utilities offer demand management or load shedding programs While you may already
have programs to reduce larger centralized loads such as air conditioning you never had a cost
effective way to add smaller distributed loads until now The Bertreg plug load management
systems makes controlling distributed loads both simple and cost effective Just hook your
water heaters air conditioners and vending machines up to Bert Using our Bertbrain
application you can set up a load shedding group and schedule Now when you have a load
shedding event with the click of a mouse you can easily turn off some or all of your plug load
devices Schedules can be created by groups of devices or type of building you can even cycle
specific buildings or devices for a preset time
ASHRAE 901 and California Title 24 Code Compliance
Since Bertreg provides both measurement and control capabilities in one system the Bertreg Plug
Load Management System helps commercial buildings comply with changes in the CA Title 24
2013 and the ASHRAE 901 2010 and 2013 Energy Codes Did you know the 2010 ASHRAE Code
requires Automatic Receptacle Control for 50 of a buildings receptacles The 2013 ASHRAE
Code requires Electrical Energy Monitoring meaning the receptacle circuits power must be
recorded at least every 15 minutes and reported hourly daily and monthly Similar
requirements are also included in the California Title 24 2013 section titled Electrical Power
Distribution Systems Not only do these code changes apply to new buildings and additions
but alterations to existing buildings such as changing 10 or your lighting load Whether you
are trying to control individual outlets with the Bertreg Smart Plugs or entire circuits with the
Bertreg Inline Series Bert makes ASHRAE 901 and CA Title 24 code compliance both affordable
and efficient
The Bertreg Advantage
Bertreg has many advantages over products such as timers or occupancy sensors Most timers
only hold a single schedule Bertreg can use multiple onoff times that will accurately reflect your
facilityrsquos true operational hours When holidays or summer breaks dictate schedule changes
new schedules are sent to Bertreg with the click of a mouse Since Bertreg is on your network Bertreg
does not have to be reset manually like timers after a power outage Occupancy sensors may
turn vending machines on when your building is unoccupied Your drinks donrsquot need to be
chilled when the cleaning crew or security guard walks by your vending machine at night
Thanks to the simple mass remote control with Bertreg your plug loads can easily be part of a
load shedding or demand curtailment program
The Bertreg Plug Load Management System
The Bertreg Plug Load Management System consists of the Bertbrain 1000 software application
your Wi‐Fi network and a virtually unlimited number of Bertsreg By simply plugging water
coolers coffee machines printers copiers etc into the Bertreg Smart Plug Series (Bertreg 110
Bertreg 110M and Bertreg Vend) or wiring circuits with the Bertreg Inline Series (Bertreg 110I Bertreg
110IR and Bertreg 220I) you can remotely measure analyze and control all of your receptacles
and circuits Bertreg runs on the existing Wi‐Fi network so all devices can be remotely controlled
in mass Each building can have a unique schedule thus turning equipment off during nights
weekends and holidays when buildings are unoccupied The Bertreg Plug Load Management
System installs quickly so energy savings are immediate and payback is 1 to 2 years
Learn more about how K‐12 schools colleges offices hospitals statelocal governments and
retailers are managing plug load with the Bertreg Plug Load Management System by visiting
httpwwwbertbraincom
Measure ‐ Analyze ‐ Control
Best Energy Reduction Technologies 840 First Avenue King of Prussia PA 19406 484‐690‐3820
Bertreg 110M Specifications (CONFIDENTIAL ndash Property of Best Energy Reduction Technologies LLC)
BERT110M_Specs 10-3-13 copy2013 Best Energy Reduction Technologies LLC
Feature Description
Dimensions 35rdquo W x 35rdquo H x 20rdquo D Weight 42 oz Operating Voltage 110 Volts Max Load Current Up to 15A Load Outlets 1 Load Plug Orientation In line with outlet
Push Button Hold 6 Seconds Turns ON Relay Hold 15 Seconds for Ad-Hoc Mode
Measurement Accuracy 5 up to 15 Amps Measurement Display Amps Volts and Watts Every 16 Seconds
Measurement Storage Up to 14 Days on the Unit Up to 3 Years in the Database
Measurement Reporting Hourly Daily Weekly Monthly and Yearly Operating Environment Indoor use
HardwareSoftware 1-Windows PC with Wireless 2-Windows 7 8 or Vista
Communication 80211(Wi-Fi) bg Compatible Protocol UDP Security 80211(WPAWPA2-PSK) (WEP 128) Certifications UL 916 ROHS FCC
PGampErsquos Emerging Technologies Program ET13PGE1063
APPENDIX D ndash ENERGY USE MONITORING RESULTS
All High-Efficacy Lighting Design for the Residential Sector Appendix D Monitored Energy Use Results
Wathen Castanos 1622
Daily load profiles for the lighting loads at the Wathen Castanos 1622 demonstration home are provided below In addition cumulative results over the course of the monitoring period are included Gaps in data are due to network errors Days with missing data were dropped from the analysis resulting in 157 days of monitored energy use spanning November 19 2014 to May 25 2015
The lighting energy use averages 300 kWh per day Extrapolating this average for an assumed usage of 365 days per year results in a calculated annual energy use of 1096 kWh
Figure 1 Total Energy Use for Wathen Castanos 1622 Demonstration Home
000
050
100
150
200
250
300
350
400
450
500
111
920
1411
24
2014
112
920
1412
42
014
129
201
412
27
2014
11
2015
16
2015
111
201
51
162
015
128
201
52
220
152
720
152
122
015
217
201
52
222
015
227
201
53
420
153
920
153
142
015
319
201
53
242
015
329
201
54
320
154
820
154
132
015
418
201
54
232
015
428
201
55
320
155
820
155
132
015
518
201
55
232
015
Daily Lighting Energy Use (kWh)
Figure 2 Weekly Energy Use for Wathen Castanos 1622 Demonstration Home
Figure 3 Energy Use for Mondays
Figure 4 Energy Use of Tuesdays
Figure 5 Energy Use of Wednesdays
Figure 6 Energy Use of Thursdays
Figure 7 Energy Use of Fridays
Figure 8 Energy Use of Saturdays
Figure 9 Energy Use of Sundays
Figure 10 Daily Energy Use over Monitoring Period
NorthWest Homes 2205
Daily lighting load profiles at the NorthWest Homes 2205 demonstration home are provided below In addition cumulative results over the course of the monitoring period are included for the 176 days monitored spanning October 29 2014 to April 20 2015
The lighting energy use averages 124 kWh per day Extrapolating this average for an assumed usage of 365 days per year results in a calculated annual energy use of 4509 kWh
Figure 11 Total Energy Use for NorthWest Homes 2205 Demonstration Home
000
050
100
150
200
250
102
920
1411
32
014
118
201
411
13
2014
111
820
1411
23
2014
112
820
1412
32
014
128
201
412
13
2014
121
820
1412
23
2014
122
820
141
220
151
720
151
122
015
117
201
51
222
015
127
201
52
120
152
620
152
112
015
216
201
52
212
015
226
201
53
320
153
820
153
132
015
318
201
53
232
015
328
201
54
220
154
720
154
122
015
417
201
5
Daily Lighting Energy Use (kWh)
Figure 12 Weekly Cumulative Energy Use for NorthWest Homes 2205 Demonstration Home
Figure 13 Energy Use for Mondays
Figure 14 Energy Use of Tuesdays
Figure 15 Energy Use of Wednesdays
Figure 16 Energy Use of Thursdays
Figure 17 Energy Use of Fridays
Figure 18 Energy Use of Saturdays
Figure 19 Energy Use of Sundays
Figure 20 Energy Use per Day over Monitoring Period Duration
Meritage Homes 3085
Daily load profiles for the ceiling fan and lighting loads at the Meritage 3085 demonstration home are provided below During post-data collection one receptacle was identified as being on the lighting circuit This is included in the 75 days of monitored energy use below spanning January 31 2015 to April 15 2015
The monitored energy use averages 356 kWh per day Extrapolating this average for an assumed usage of 365 days per year results in a calculated annual lighting related energy use of 1300 kWh
Figure 21 Total Energy Use for Meritage 3085 Demonstration Home
0
1
2
3
4
5
6
Daily Lighting Energy Use (kWh)
Figure 22 Weekly Cumulative Energy Use for Meritage 3085 Demonstration Home
Figure 23 Energy Use for Mondays
Figure 24 Energy Use of Tuesdays
Figure 25 Energy Use of Wednesdays
Figure 26 Energy Use of Thursdays
Figure 27 Energy Use of Fridays
Figure 28 Energy Use of Saturdays
Figure 29 Energy Use of Sundays
Figure 30 Energy Use per Day over Monitoring Period Duration
PGampErsquos Emerging Technologies Program ET13PGE1063
CONTENTS ABBREVIATIONS AND ACRONYMS ___________________ ERROR BOOKMARK NOT DEFINED FIGURES ______________________________________ ERROR BOOKMARK NOT DEFINED TABLES _______________________________________ ERROR BOOKMARK NOT DEFINED CONTENTS ____________________________________ ERROR BOOKMARK NOT DEFINED EXECUTIVE SUMMARY ____________________________ ERROR BOOKMARK NOT DEFINED INTRODUCTION __________________________________________________________ 3 BACKGROUND __________________________________________________________ 3 CURRENT BUILDING CODE _________________________________________________ 3 INSTALLED RESIDENTIAL LIGHTING ____________________________________________ 5 CURRENT LIGHTING DESIGN PRACTICES _______________________________________ 6 LIGHTING MARKET SURVEY _________________________________________________ 8 EMERGING PRODUCT _____________________________________________________ 8 TECHNOLOGY ASSESSMENT ________________________________________________ 11 TECHNICAL APPROACH __________________________________________________ 11 MARKET SURVEY ________________________________________________________ 11 SITE SELECTION _________________________________________________________ 12 LIGHTING DESIGN _______________________________________________________ 12 LIGHTING SYSTEM INSTALLATION ____________________________________________ 19 SYSTEM MONITORING ____________________________________________________ 19 PHOTOMETRIC PERFORMANCE _____________________________________________ 19 BUILDER AND HOMEOWNER SURVEY _________________________________________ 20 ENERGY MONITORING ___________________________________________________ 20 DATA PROCESSING AND ANALYSIS __________________________________________ 21 DATA PROCESSING ______________________________________________________ 21 DATA ANALYSIS ________________________________________________________ 22 RESULTS_______________________________________________________________ 23 MARKET SURVEY ________________________________________________________ 23
v
PGampErsquos Emerging Technologies Program ET13PGE1063
LIGHTING DESIGN _______________________________________________________ 23 LIGHTING SYSTEM INSTALLATION ____________________________________________ 32 SYSTEM PERFORMANCE EVALUATION ________________________________________ 39 SURVEY RESPONSES______________________________________________________ 39 SYSTEM MONITORING RESULTS _____________________________________________ 44 RECOMMENDATIONS ____________________________________________________ 55 APPENDIX A ndash SURVEY QUESTIONS __________________________________________ 56 APPENDIX B ndash AHE COMPLIANT PRODUCTS ___________________________________ 59 APPENDIX C ndash MEASUREMENT AND DATA COLLECTION EQUIPMENT SPECIFICATIONS ____ 67 APPENDIX D ndash ENERGY USE MONITORING RESULTS _____________________________ 127
vi
PGampErsquos Emerging Technologies Program ET13PGE1063
EXECUTIVE SUMMARY Current Title 24 Building code requirements call for use of high-efficacy lighting in a limited number of residential space types Builders are allowed to install low efficacy lighting if they also install dimming controls However significant load reduction and energy savings over current code-compliant designs can be achieved through the use of All High-Efficacy (AHE) lighting design practices Currently AHE lighting design practice utilizes application appropriate controls paired with high-quality dimmable light emitting diode (LED) luminaires or GU-24 socketed fixtures paired with GU-24 base LED replacement lamps By current code definition GU-24 base lamps are the only replacement lamps considered high-efficacy while traditional Edison screw-base sockets are considered low-efficacy In addition to limiting the source type to LED only AHE lighting requires a minimum quality standard for interior LED sources requiring a CRI rating of at least 90 and a CCT between 2700 K and 4000 K
PROJECT GOAL This effort identifies best practices for developing a cost-effective AHE residential lighting measure through the evaluation of emerging residential lighting design practices purchasing processes installation practices and the end-user experience associated with AHE lighting To identify the best practices the project team considered current residential lighting products the installed socket base in a typical home industry accepted illuminance recommendations for residential applications and current energy efficiency code compliant design practices
PROJECT DESCRIPTION Emerging residential lighting design practices purchasing processes installation practices and the end-user experience of an AHE lighting system were evaluated through energy monitoring analysis and cost information collected from multiple residential demonstration sites Demonstration data provided a quantitative understanding of the AHE lighting system benefits and barriers and through builder and homeowner surveys a qualitative understanding of the AHE residential lighting measure and user satisfaction
PROJECT RESULTS The California Lighting Technology Center (CLTC) worked with residential home builders to modify their existing lighting designs to include all AHE lighting Based on these lighting designs the estimated residential lighting load reduction achieved by installing AHE lighting packages in new single- and multi-family homes located in PGampE territory is 0 - 61 in comparison to 2008 Title 24 compliant lighting packages provided by participating builders for the same floor plan This ET study started prior to the effective date of the 2013 Title 24 code cycle so this comparison was based on the 2008 Title 24 code In 2010 an average US residence used 1556 kWh annually for lighting with a typical lighting power density of 10 to 14 Watts per square foot A summary of energy use data collected from demonstration sites with AHE lighting systems is provided in Table 1
1
PGampErsquos Emerging Technologies Program ET13PGE1063
TABLE 1 SUMMARY LIGHTING ENERGY USE OF AHE LIGHTING SYSTEMS
Site Livable Square
Footage
Lighting Schedule
Calculated Peak Load (kW)
Measured Peak Lighting Load
(kW)
Lighting Power Density
(LPD)
Calculated Annual Lighting Energy Use
(kWh)
Wathen Castanos 1622 059 046 028 10960
North West Homes 2205 071 062 028 4509
Meritage Homes 3085 112 111 036 13004
The material costs of AHE lighting systems compared to current code compliant lighting systems varied based on residential applications For example the cost of an integrated downlight with housing and trim ring that meets the AHE lighting definition is approximately $36 per unit as compared to the estimated baseline cost of $70 for a compact fluorescent lamp ballast housing and trim ring Both scenarios require equivalent installation costs In addition the cost of AHE lighting components reduced over the course of this project with integrated LED downlights that meet the AHE lighting definition ranging in price from $25 to $50 and LED replacement lamps that meet the AHE lighting definition ranging from $7 to $25 as of the time of this report Builder and homeowner survey results were collected from all three demonstration sites Builder survey results make clear that cost and code requirements are the primary drivers considered during the lighting design process Builder responses note that utility rebate and incentive programs are influential in the lighting design decision making process but less so than Title 24 requirements Compared to other building systems most builders reported lighting as having less than 1 impact on the overall home budget Builders do not anticipate issues regarding end-user adoption of dedicated LED luminaires based on their ldquohigh quality performance and longevity claimsrdquo but do make clear that it is ldquosomewhat difficultrdquo to find Title 24-compliant products for GU-24 integrated LED luminaires quick connect options and track lighting categories in todayrsquos market The majority of the homeowner survey results indicate that the AHE lighting system is either ldquobetterrdquo or ldquothe samerdquo as compared to the lighting in their previous home which was a mixture of linear fluorescent incandescent and compact fluorescent lighting technologies The majority of homeowners were ldquosatisfiedrdquo with the AHE lighting in the kitchen bathroom common living spaces bedrooms and dining room as compared to their previous home Steps were taken to update the lighting to address the ldquoextreme dissatisfactionrdquo with the garage lighting at one demonstration site
PROJECT RECOMMENDATIONS Over the duration of the project the project team identified product availability and cost barriers to the adoption of AHE lighting for residential applications Participating builders unanimously responsed that challenges for builders to be compliant with AHE lighting requirements include the economics associated with AHE lighting products and the limited availability of AHE lighting products that can be quickly purchased at a hardware store For the AHE lighting designs implemented in this study two of the three AHE lighting designs exceeded the typical lighting budget for the builders
2
PGampErsquos Emerging Technologies Program ET13PGE1063
Programmatic recommendations to overcome these barriers if enacted will help increase widespread adoption of AHE systems Lighting systems that comply with the AHE definition range in performance and cost These ranges are predominantly linked to the lighting systemrsquos electrical architecture affecting controls compatibility heat transfer and allowable installation locations system efficiency light quality light output and component cost With recent developments in LED technology and electrical architecture Edison-based replacement lamp performance has improved and cost has reduced dramatically
In addition to fixture integrated and GU-24 socket LED lighting solutions it is recommended that the AHE definition include lighting fixtures installed with Edison sockets and shipped with an Edison base source complying with the high-efficacy high-quality requirements If enacted the increased product availability and reduced cost of the Edison-based LED lamps meeting the high-efficacy high-quality requirements will help overcome barriers to the adoption of AHE lighting for residential applications
INTRODUCTION Current California building energy efficiency standards call for use of high-efficacy lighting in most residential space types however additional load reduction and energy savings can be achieved through the use of an All High-Efficacy (AHE) lighting design practice
Currently AHE lighting design practice utilizes application appropriate controls paired with dimmable high-quality high efficacy light emitting diode (LED) luminaires or high-quality high efficacy GU-24 fixtures paired with GU-24 base LED replacement lamps By current code definition GU-24 base lamps are the only replacement lamps considered high-efficacy while traditional Edison screw-base sockets are considered low-efficacy In addition to limiting the source type to LED only AHE lighting requires a minimum quality standard for interior LED sources requiring a CRI of at least 90 and a CCT between 2700 K and 4000 K Future cycles of standards are expected to continue to increase the requirements for high-efficacy lighting The California Energy Commission recently adopted a residential AHE lighting requirement for the 2016 Title 24 update on June 10 2015 In response to increased development and availability of residential AHE lighting products and their potential for energy savings and lighting quality improvement over current code-compliant lighting systems PGampE is interested in gathering data to inform future changes to building and appliance efficiency standards To achieve this goal verification of market availability lighting load reduction energy savings and system performance is needed to support the residential AHE lighting design practice
BACKGROUND CURRENT BUILDING CODE
The California Energy Commission (Commission) estimates its energy efficiency standards have saved Californians over $74 billion in electricity costs since they were first adopted in
3
PGampErsquos Emerging Technologies Program ET13PGE1063
1975 For homeowners energy efficiency helps ensure that a home is affordable to operate both now and in the future Californiarsquos efficiency standards increase the reliability and availability of electricity thus allowing our electrical system to operate in a more stable manner This benefits Californiarsquos economy as well as the health and well-being of all Californians The Commission adopted the 2013 Building Energy Efficiency Standards (Title 24) on May 31 2012 and the Building Standards Commission approved them for publication on January 11 2013 Applications for building permits submitted on or after July 1 2014 must adhere to the 2013 Title 24 language The 2013 Title 24 standards place a strong emphasis on high-efficacy lighting lighting controls and high performance fenestration products It is expected that future code cycles will continue this trend In order to be considered high-efficacy luminaires must be designed to operate with only energy-efficient light sources GU-24 base lamps are the only replacement lamps considered high-efficacy by definition traditional Edison screw-base sockets are considered low-efficacy Per 2013 Title 24 luminaires and lamps listed in Table 2 are considered either high-efficacy or low-efficacy regardless of measured performance
TABLE 2 HIGH-EFFICACY AND LOW-EFFICACY LAMPS AND LUMINAIRES
Low-efficacy High-efficacy
Mercury vapor lamps Pin-based linear fluorescent or CFLs with electronic ballasts
Line-voltage or low-voltage sockets compatible with any kind of incandescent lamps
Pulse-start metal halide lamps
High-efficacy lamps including screw-base CFLs and LED lamps installed in low-efficacy luminaires
High-pressure sodium lamps
Luminaires using LED light sources not certified to the Commission Induction lamps
Track lighting GU-24 sockets rated for CFLs or LED lamps Lighting systems that allow for conversion between high-efficacy and low-efficacy lighting without changing wiring or housing
Luminaires using LED light sources that have been certified to the Energy Commission
Luminaire housings rated by the manufacturer for use with only LED light engines
4
PGampErsquos Emerging Technologies Program ET13PGE1063
Permanently installed luminaires not included in Table 1 may only be considered high-efficacy if they meet the efficacy requirements of Table 3
TABLE 3 MINIMUM LUMINAIRE EFFICACY FOR HIGH-EFFICACY COMPLIANCE
Luminaire Power Rating Minimum Luminaire Efficacy 5 watts or less 30 lumens per watt
Over 5 watts to 15 watts 45 lumens per watt Over 15 watts to 40 watts 60 lumens per watt Over 40 watts 90 lumens per watt
In addition to increasing requirements for high-efficacy lighting in the home the 2013 Title 24 standards set a minimum quality standard for integral LED luminaires and LED light engines These quality standards can be found in the Joint Appendices (JA) Section 81 LED luminaires must have a CRI of at least 90 to be defined as high efficacy Indoor LED luminaires must have a CCT between 2700K and 4000K Outdoor LED luminaires may have any CCT rating between 2700 K and 5000 K
INSTALLED RESIDENTIAL LIGHTING As of 2010 there were a total of 113153000 residences in the United States2 In these residences 62 of lamps were incandescent 23 were CFLs 10 were linear fluorescent 4 were halogen and less than 1 was other luminaire types including LED replacement lamps and integrated LED luminaires3 About 90-95 of these luminaires are considered low-efficacy under 2013 Title 24 These homes used an average of 46 watts per lamp4 and had about 51 lamps per residence5 only 3 lamps per home incorporated dimming controls6 These lights operate for an average of 18 hours per day averaging 1556 kWh of electricity use a year and have a lighting power density between 10 and 14 watts per square foot of interior space7 There are still a very high number of incandescent lamps in use and most CFL lamps are equipped with screw bases and are considered low-efficacy by Title 24 as shown in Table 4
1 California Energy Commission 2013 Building Energy Efficiency Standards httpwwwenergycagovtitle242013standards 2 US DOE 2010 US Lighting Market Characterization pg 37 table 410 httpapps1eereenergygovbuildingspublicationspdfsssl2010-lmc-final-jan-2012pdf 3 US DOE 2010 US Lighting Market Characterization pg 39 table 412 httpapps1eereenergygovbuildingspublicationspdfsssl2010-lmc-final-jan-2012pdf 4 US DOE 2010 US Lighting Market Characterization pg 40 table 413 httpapps1eereenergygovbuildingspublicationspdfsssl2010-lmc-final-jan-2012pdf 5 US DOE 2010 US Lighting Market Characterization pg 42 table 415 httpapps1eereenergygovbuildingspublicationspdfsssl2010-lmc-final-jan-2012pdf 6 US DOE Residential Lighting End-Use Consumption Study pg 48 table 46 httpapps1eereenergygovbuildingspublicationspdfsssl2012_residential-lighting-studypdf 7 US DOE 2010 US Lighting Market Characterization pg 42 table 415 httpapps1eereenergygovbuildingspublicationspdfsssl2010-lmc-final-jan-2012pdf
5
PGampErsquos Emerging Technologies Program ET13PGE1063
TABLE 4 RESIDENTIAL LIGHTING USE BY SOCKET PERCENTAGE
Room Type Electricity
use per room (kWhyr)
Incandescent CFL Linear
Fluorescent Halogen Other
Total Sockets per Home ()8
Bathroom 242 74 20 3 2 1 18
LivingFamily Room 228 61 29 3 5 1 14
Bedroom 222 67 28 2 3 0 16
Kitchen 215 45 23 22 7 3 13
Exterior 214 59 24 2 14 2 11
Hall 111 72 22 2 4 1 8
Dining Room 105 81 15 1 3 0 6
Garage 69 35 13 51 1 0 5
Office 41 58 27 8 6 0 4
Closet 32 60 20 17 2 0 NA
Basement 28 40 30 28 1 0 NA
OtherUnknown 26 53 17 24 6 0 5
LaundryUtility Room 25 50 19 28 2 0 NA
Current estimates expect a 122 annual growth rate for the square footage of residences9 LEDs are expected to expand their market presence representing 25 of the installed base of lumen-hours by 2020 and 62 by 203010
While the 2013 Title 24 standards are a significant step toward the AHE lighting home there are still allowances for low-efficacy lighting solutions As a result traditional low-efficacy lighting technologies remain a viable option for builders despite rising market availability and performance of high-efficacy solutions Future cycles of Title 24 are expected to continue to increase the requirements for high-efficacy lighting potentially moving to an AHE lighting design
CURRENT LIGHTING DESIGN PRACTICES The project team surveyed residential builders lighting designers and electrical distributors with businesses in PGampE territory to assess the current and anticipated lighting design practices being implemented in residential new construction for the period from 2013 to 2016
Participants in the survey include James Benya of Benya Burnett Consultancy Pam Whitehead of Sage Architecture Katie Lesh of Lumenscom and Adele Chang of Lim Chang Rohling amp Associates The trends gathered in the survey are outlined below
8 Energy Star CFL Market Profile Page 23 Table 11 httpwwwenergystargoviaproductsdownloadsCFL_Market_Profile_2010pdf 9 Navigant Consulting Energy Savings Potential of Solid State Lighting in General Illumination Applications pg 6 httpapps1eereenergygovbuildingspublicationspdfssslssl_energy_savi_ntial_finalpdf 10 US DOE Energy Savings Potential of Solid State Lighting in General Illumination Applications pg 39 httpapps1eereenergygovbuildingspublicationspdfssslssl_energy-savings-report_jan-2012pdf
6
PGampErsquos Emerging Technologies Program ET13PGE1063
bull In most production style homes designers anticipate gradual change out from CFL to LED Today there is a mix of fluorescent and LED being installed as the LED price point is falling
bull Designers anticipate increasing market penetration for LEDs for segments of residential population focused on improved color rendition in interior and exterior applications
bull LED solutions are installed mostly in ambient interior lighting applications such as down lights under cabinet lighting and cove lighting
o High-end homes are more likely to specify four-inch aperture down lights o Built-in lighting fixtures such as down lights are also commonly found in
multi-tenant units as a space saving feature or as an upgrade in single family homes
bull LED solutions are also installed today in niche interior accent lighting such as handrails displays toe kicks
bull LED solutions are installed today in some outdoor applications such as tree up-lights bollards integrated step lights in-water lighting hardscape outlining and other niche lighting
bull LED solutions are trending towards color changing capabilities bull Lighting control systems are becoming prevalent in high-end housing with wireless
solutions allowing for more retrofit market penetration bull From distributorrsquos perspective LEDs are the top seller for todayrsquos residential market bull From the designerrsquos perspective LEDs rarely gets specified due to high price point
7
PGampErsquos Emerging Technologies Program ET13PGE1063
LIGHTING MARKET SURVEY The project team completed a product survey and review of current market information to determine the feasibility of implementing an AHE lighting design using existing AHE technologies The lighting fixtures included in this report are appropriate for various space types in the residential application as determined by lighting design principles to achieve application appropriate light levels A sample of lighting fixtures fulfilling the AHE definition (as of September 2014) are included in Appendix B Types of lighting fixtures included are ceiling-mounted recessed ceiling-mounted surface ceiling-mounted suspended wall mounted under cabinet and vanity
EMERGING PRODUCT The AHE lighting design practice utilizes application appropriate controls paired with dimmable light emitting diode (LED) fixtures or GU-24 socketed fixtures paired with GU-24 base LED replacement lamps By current code definition GU-24 base lamps are the only replacement lamps considered high-efficacy while traditional Edison screw-base sockets are considered low-efficacy In addition to limiting the source type to LED only AHE lighting requires a minimum quality standard for interior LED sources requiring a CRI of at least 90 and a CCT between 2700 K and 4000 K Based on floor plans provided by participating builders and results from the lighting product market survey the project team modeled AHE lighting designs to demonstrate the potential for an all AHE lighting design to meet lighting requirements and deliver energy savings as compared to current code-compliant lighting systems The project team conducted design charrettes for both single family (1870 square feet) and multi-family (605 square feet) homes The resulting AHE lighting packages are provided in Table 5 and Table 6 respectively These packages represent a sample of emerging products currently available to meet the AHE requirements
8
PGampErsquos Emerging Technologies Program ET13PGE1063
TABLE 5 SINGLE FAMILY HOME AHE LIGHTING DESIGN
Space Type AHE Fixture Fixture Load (W)
Quantity Total Load (W)
Kitchen Cree CR6 12 6 72
Under cabinet
Unilume 18 2 36
85 1 85
Nook Philips LED Chandelier 225 1 225
Pantry Cree CR6 12 1 12
Great Room Cree CR6 12 4 48
Entry Cree CR6 12 2 24
Hallways Cree CR6 12 3 36
Office Cree CR6 12 1 12
Bathroom 2 GU-24 Vanity with Illumis
Lamps 137 3 411
Water Closet Cree CR6 12 1 12
Bedroom 2 Cree CR6 12 2 24
Bedroom 3 Cree CR6 12 2 24
Coat Closet Cree CR6 12 1 12
Utility Room Cree CS14 38 1 38
Garage Cree CS14 38 1 38
Porch Cree CR6 12 6 72
Exterior Wall Sconce Borden 774 LED 14 4 56
Master Bedroom Cree CR6 12 4 48
Master Closet Cree CS14 38 1 38
Master Bathroom
GU-24 Vanity with Illumis
Lamps 137 3 411
Cree CR6 12 2 24
Water Closet Cree CR6 12 1 12
TOTAL 7512
9
PGampErsquos Emerging Technologies Program ET13PGE1063
TABLE 6 MULTI- FAMILY HOME AHE LIGHTING DESIGN
Space Type AHE Fixture
Fixture Load (W)
Fixture Quantity
Total Load (W)
Kitchen Cree CR6 12 4 48
Dining Philips Ledino Pendant
225 1 225
Entry Cree CR6 12 1 12
Bath GU-24 Vanity with Illumis
Lamps 137 3 411
Cree CR6 12 1 12
Exterior Wall Sconce Borden 774 14 1 14
TOTAL (W) 1496
10
PGampErsquos Emerging Technologies Program ET13PGE1063
TECHNOLOGY ASSESSMENT
The project team evaluated the residential lighting design purchasing process installation and end-user experience associated with AHE lighting systems through quantitative and qualitative analysis The technical approach employs the use of a product and market survey field deployments in PGampE territory and demonstration system performance evaluations Builder and homeowner end-user surveys provided a qualitative understanding of the AHE lighting measure and user satisfaction The quantitative evaluation included energy monitoring and cost information collection for AHE lighting systems installed at the residential demonstration sites In addition this report includes identified barriers and required next steps necessary for development of energy efficiency programs targeting residential lighting energy savings
TECHNICAL APPROACH This effort identifies best practices for developing a cost-effective AHE residential lighting measure through the evaluation of emerging residential lighting design practices purchasing processes installation practices and the end-user experience associated with AHE lighting The project team considered the following criteria to identify the best practices current residential lighting market offerings industry accepted illuminance recommendations for residential applications current energy efficiency code compliant design practices and installed sockets in the typical residential home The project team installed AHE lighting systems in three new homes where builder and homeowner feedback was gathered regarding the lighting The project team collected lighting system performance and energy use data
The project team conducted the technical approach to evaluate the AHE lighting system in six parts the confirmation of commercially available AHE lighting products through a market survey demonstration site selection development of AHE lighting designs for selected demonstration sites installation of AHE lighting systems at demonstration sites monitoring of AHE lighting system performance and the reduction and analysis of the collected performance data
MARKET SURVEY The project team implemented a survey to collect current market information regarding the feasibility of implementing an AHE lighting design with commercially available lighting products Steps were taken to review all publically available residential lighting manufacturer literature through dialogues with manufacturers about their current and future AHE lighting product offerings examination of manufacturer websites and discussions with distributors in PGampE territory The project team updated the fixture survey over the course
11
PGampErsquos Emerging Technologies Program ET13PGE1063
of this effort allowing for analysis of cost and performance trends of AHE lighting products A copy of the complete market survey is provided in the appendices
SITE SELECTION Davis Energy Group (DEG) identified residential builders in PGampE territory during the summer of 2013 DEG used the following methods to identify builder candidates and encourage participation webinar presentation of opportunity to PGampE California Advanced Home Program (CAHP) builders and other attendees leveraging DEGrsquos participation in LEED for Homes in California and DOE Building America to discuss participation with other member organizations and outreach activities with the builder utility and code compliance community Of the identified builders the project team prioritized those who were willing to install AHE lighting systems and participate in the associated installation survey experience The project team required participating builders to sell select AHE homes to homeowners willing to comply with up to one year of site monitoring and participation in a survey to evaluate their satisfaction with the AHE lighting system The project team incentivized builders who adhered to these criteria to install the AHE lighting systems Builders provided electrical plans to the project team to allow for the AHE lighting system design update At the time of the design builders submitted plans that adhered to 2008 Title 24 code requirements Residential builders that declined to participate in advanced measures including AHE lighting systems for their new construction homes cited varying reasons including concern that the systems would be a lsquodistractionrsquo no interest in new building methods and not being lsquokeen on utility programsrsquo One builder provided insight into the industry as of July 7 2013 saying ldquoUnderstand that the timing of this could not be worse for you with new home construction on the rebound ALL builders are stretched at the moment and labor and material shortages are starting to hit across the nation
LIGHTING DESIGN Using lighting design software (AGi32) to create a model of a two-story home the project team simulated AHE lighting system performance to confirm that it could provide application appropriate illumination levels The project team referenced the Illuminating Engineering Society (IES) recommended light levels for this work by space type per IES Handbook 10th Edition shown in Table 7 Wathen Castanos Hybrid Homes Inc a builder participant in this study provided the representative two-story floor plans shown in Figures 1 and 2 Figure 3 shows a typical floor plan for a one-story home also provided by Wathen Castanos Hybrid Homes Inc
12
PGampErsquos Emerging Technologies Program ET13PGE1063
TABLE 7 LIGHTING FOR RESIDENCES PER IES HANDBOOK 10TH EDITION
Application and Task
Horizontal Illuminance
Target (Avg fc)
Vertical Illuminance
Target (Avg fc)
Notes
Living Room 3 3 E_h floor
E_v 4AFF
Dining Room
Formal 5 2 E_h table plane E_v 4AFF
Informal 10 4 E_h table plane E_v 4AFF
Study Use 20 5 E_h table plane E_v 4AFF
Kitchen
Breakfast Area 20 5 E_h eating surfaces
E_v 4AFF
Cabinets - 5 E_v face of cabinets
Cooktops 30 5 E_h cooking surfaces
General 5 - E_h floor
Preparation Counters 50 75 E_h prep surfaces
Sinks 30 5 E_h top of sink
13
PGampErsquos Emerging Technologies Program ET13PGE1063
FIGURE 1 TYPICAL FIRST FLOOR ELECTRICAL PLAN OF A TWO-STORY HOME
14
PGampErsquos Emerging Technologies Program ET13PGE1063
FIGURE 2 TYPICAL SECOND FLOOR ELECTRICAL PLAN OF A TWO-STORY HOME
15
PGampErsquos Emerging Technologies Program ET13PGE1063
FIGURE 3 TYPICAL ELECTRICAL PLAN OF A ONE-STORY HOME
16
PGampErsquos Emerging Technologies Program ET13PGE1063
The project team modeled the AHE lighting design that best achieved recommended light levels fully for the living room dining room and kitchen Figure 4 and Figure 5 show renderings of the residential dwelling designed to light levels called out in Table 7 This design resulted in a lighting power density of 02 Watts per square foot (Wsf) for the living room 023 Wsf for the dining room and 050 Wsf for the kitchen
FIGURE 4 RESIDENTIAL KITCHEN RENDERING WITH ALL HIGH-EFFICACY LIGHTING
17
PGampErsquos Emerging Technologies Program ET13PGE1063
FIGURE 5 RESIDENTIAL LIVING AND DINING ROOM RENDERING WITH ALL HIGH-EFFICACY LIGHTING
The project team also evaluated the potential of an AHE design for a multi-family home The multi-family-home building plans provided by builder participants include specifications for dedicated socket types but did not specify source wattages A copy of this floor plan is provided in Figure 6
FIGURE 6 MULTI-FAMILY HOME BUILDING PLAN
18
PGampErsquos Emerging Technologies Program ET13PGE1063
LIGHTING SYSTEM INSTALLATION Participating builders installed site specific AHE lighting designs No issues were encountered during the installation of the AHE lighting designs Builders anecdotally reported that AHE lighting components are similar if not the same to install as legacy products The project team conducted site visits to verify correct operation of the lighting system and assess the electrical service architecture for use in finalizing the measurement and verification plan
SYSTEM MONITORING The project team collected data on the photometric performance energy consumption and builder and homeowner satisfaction with the AHE lighting systems The tools and methods employed to collect data are provided in the following sections Copies of builder and homeowner surveys are included in Appendix A of this report and the responses are provided in the results section
PHOTOMETRIC PERFORMANCE The project team characterized the photometric performance of the installed AHE lighting systems using recommended practices from the Illuminating Engineering Societyrsquos The Lighting Handbook Tenth Edition The Lighting for Residential Applications chapter references target residential applications and tasks with specific lighting requirements The project team collected illuminance data for the living room kitchen and dining room applications and compared it to recommended residential illuminance target values provided in Table 7 Equipment used to gather illuminance data is provided in Table 8
TABLE 8 PHOTOMETRIC PERFORMANCE CHARACTERIZATION
Measurement Manufacturer Model Image
Illuminance (footcandles fc) Konica Minolta T-10A
19
PGampErsquos Emerging Technologies Program ET13PGE1063
BUILDER AND HOMEOWNER SURVEY To capture builder and homeowner end-user experiences with the AHE lighting systems demonstrated in this project the project team developed survey tools to collect feedback in a rigorous manner The results of the surveys will be used to better understand barriers to market adoption of AHE lighting systems Copies of each survey are included in Appendix A
ENERGY MONITORING The project team specified metering equipment for installation at the participating demonstration homes to monitor lighting system energy use The accuracy of the circuit-level metering equipment meets the accuracy requirements of the ANSI C121 standard when used with Continental Control System current transformers rated for IEEE C5713 class 06 accuracy The project team determined that the receptacle loads and lighting loads are on the same circuit for two of the three demonstration homes To separate the lighting and receptacle loads the project team specified and installed receptacle-level monitoring equipment to allow for updated energy use monitoring in the amendment to this report The specified receptacle monitoring equipment has a rated accuracy of 5 when monitoring up to a 15 amp load Table 9 lists the equipment specified for use at the participating demonstration homes
TABLE 9 SPECIFIED MONITORING EQUIPMENT
Monitoring Equipment Type Model
AC Power Measurement Device WattNode RWNB-3Y-208-P
Current Transformers CCS CTL-1250
Data Logger HOBO UX120-017M
Receptacle Power Quality Recorder BERT Smart Plug 110M
The project team deployed the measurement and verification equipment at the demonstration homes as shown in Figure 7 to collect lighting energy use data in one minute intervals The project team deployed monitoring equipment at each receptacle that is on a circuit shared with lighting loads
20
PGampErsquos Emerging Technologies Program ET13PGE1063
FIGURE 7 INSTALLATION SCHEMATIC OF ENERGY LOGGING EQUIPMENT
DATA PROCESSING AND ANALYSIS The project team collected data at each demonstration site for an extended monitoring period determined for each demonstration site based on the occupancy date of the demonstration home The project team downloaded data intermittently to verify operation of equipment for processing and analysis
DATA PROCESSING To process the data the project team consolidated the raw data streams generated from the multiple lighting and receptacle data loggers into one master comma separated value (csv) file based on time stamp correlation The number of raw data streams varied from site to site based on the lighting and receptacle circuitry of each demonstration home
WATHEN CASTANOS 1622 Energy use data collected at the Wathen Castanos 1622 demonstration site consisted of one data stream of circuit level energy use at one minute resolution and 30 receptacle energy
21
PGampErsquos Emerging Technologies Program ET13PGE1063
use data streams at one hour resolution The project team binned circuit level energy use into hour resolution to allow for circuit and receptacle data to be analyzed together
NORTHWEST 2205 Energy use data collected at the NorthWest 2205 demonstration site consisted of one data stream of circuit level energy use at one minute resolution and 27 receptacle energy use data streams at one hour resolution The project team binned circuit level energy use into hour resolution to allow for circuit and receptacle data to be analyzed together
MERITAGE 3085 Energy use data collected at the Meritage 3085 demonstration site consisted of two data streams of circuit level energy use at one minute resolution The project team binned circuit level energy use into hour resolution to allow for direct comparison to the other demonstration homes
DATA ANALYSIS
WATHEN CASTANOS 1622 The project team collected lighting and receptacle energy use data for 177 days The project team identified plug load lighting by site walk confirmation and confirmed via data reduction of the receptacle energy monitoring data The project team applied one-time power factors (PF) measurements of the entertainment center appliances were applied to receptacle data streams to scale the load according to the appliance state (onoffstandby) Summed energy use resulting in negative energy use was is attributed to receptacle load energy use and negative values were zeroed to more accurately reflect actual energy use
NORTHWEST 2205 The project team collected lighting and receptacle energy use data for 176 days The project team identified plug load lighting by site walk and confirmed during data reduction of the receptacle energy monitoring data based on known light source wattages The project team determined data streams with one time load peaks of 300 Watts or greater to be outliers and dropped from the analysis The project team categorized peak loads of less than or equal to 70 Watts as lighting loads based on typical residential receptacle use Peak loads greater than 70 Watts were categorized as other loads The project team applied one-time power factors (PF) measurements of the entertainment center appliances to receptacle data streams to scale the load according to the appliance state (onoffstandby) Summed energy use resulting in negative energy use is attributed to receptacle load energy use Negative values were zeroed to more accurately reflect lighting energy use
MERITAGE 3085 The project team collected lighting and ceiling fan energy use data for 75 days Ceiling fan loads and one receptacle in the office were determined to be on the lighting circuit during the data reduction process and are included in the energy use analysis
22
PGampErsquos Emerging Technologies Program ET13PGE1063
RESULTS The project team evaluated AHE lighting systems for their capacity to reduce residential lighting loads provide residential energy savings and deliver application appropriate light levels This work included a market survey site selection lighting design lighting system installation monitoring of the system performance and data analysis
MARKET SURVEY To collect current lighting market information pertaining to the feasibility of implementing an AHE lighting design with commercially available lighting products the project team completed a review of all available residential lighting manufacturer literature This included dialogues with manufacturers about their current and future AHE lighting product offerings examination of manufacturer websites and discussions with distributors in PGampE territory The project team updated the results of the survey over the course of this effort allowing for cost and performance trend analysis of AHE lighting product offerings The AHE lighting product types included in this report are recessed downlight under cabinets wall-mount vanity surface ceiling-mount suspended ceiling-mount and wall-mount sconce light fixtures and are appropriate for residential applications as determined by lighting design illuminance level and uniformity requirements All fixtures fulfilling the AHE lighting system definition at the time of this report are included in the All High-Efficacy Lighting Design Guide provided in Appendix B
LIGHTING DESIGN Based on the lighting market survey results and each demonstration site building plan preliminary AHE lighting layouts were designed preliminary layouts were modeled to confirm that the design provides application appropriate illumination levels and the final iteration of the design was specified for installation in the demonstration sites The project team referenced the IES Handbook 10th Edition recommended light levels for this work by space type Referenced illumination levels are provided in Table 7 Three builders were selected to install AHE lighting designs Wathen Castanos NorthWest Homes and Meritage Homes Each participating builder provided a new construction single-family homes of varying square footage Wathen Castanos provided a single-family home building plan for their 1622 square foot floor plan shown in Figure 8
23
PGampErsquos Emerging Technologies Program ET13PGE1063
FIGURE 8 WATHEN CASTANOS SINGLE-FAMILY HOME FLOOR PLAN 1622
Table 10 contains the specified lighting design and calculated load reduction over the 2008-compliant lighting design the builder typically implemented at the time of this installation The specifications define dedicated sockets types but do not specify source wattages The project team specified possible low and high source wattages for socket types in the lsquooriginalrsquo lighting package in Table 10 In comparison to the 2008 Title 24 compliant design
24
PGampErsquos Emerging Technologies Program ET13PGE1063
the AHE lighting package resulted in a calculated load reduction of 35 to 59 for the one-story single-family home
TABLE 10 WATHEN CASTANOS 1622 AHE LIGHTING DESIGN AND LOAD REDUCTION OVER 2008 TITLE 24 COMPLIANT DESIGN
Space Type Non AHE fixture
type (builder original)
Low Load (W)
High Load (W)
Quantity
Low Load Total (W)
High Load Total (W)
AHE Fixture
AHE Load (W)
AHE Quantity
AHE Total Load (W)
Kitchen Fluorescent Downlight 13 26 6 78 156 Cree CR6 12 6 72
Dining Ceiling Fan
Incandescent Light Kit
40 60 4 160 240 Satco LED
Lamps 98 5 49
Cree CR6 12 2 24
Great Room Fluorescent
Surface Mount Fixture
13 26 1 13 26 Cree CR6 12 4 48
Master Bedroom
Ceiling Fan Incandescent
Light Kit 40 60 4 160 240 Cree CR6 12 4 48
Master Bathroom
Fluorescent Downlight 13 26 3 39 78 Cree CR6 12 3 36
Fluorescent
Vanity 26 52 2 52 104 Satco LED
Lamps 98 8 784
Master Closet
Linear Fluorescent
Fixture (4 lamp) 112 128 1 112 128 Cree
CS14 37 1 37
Bedroom (2) Fluorescent
Surface Mount Fixture
13 26 2 26 52 Cree CR6 12 2 24
Bedroom (3)Study
Fluorescent Surface Mount
Fixture 13 26 2 26 52 Cree CR6 12 2 24
Bathroom Fluorescent Downlight 13 26 2 26 26
Satco LED
Lamps 98 2 196
Fluorescent Vanity 13 26 3 39 78
Satco LED
Lamps 98 3 294
Laundry Fluorescent Downlight 13 26 1 13 26
Satco LED
Lamps 98 2 196
Garage Linear
Fluorescent Fixture (4 lamp)
112 128 1 112 128 Cree CS14 37 1 37
Entry Fluorescent
Surface Mount Fixture
13 26 2 26 52 Cree CR6 12 2 24
Hallway Fluorescent
Surface Mount Fixture
13 26 2 26 52 Cree CR6 12 2 24
TOTAL 908 1438 594
AHE Load Reduction 346 587
25
PGampErsquos Emerging Technologies Program ET13PGE1063
NorthWest Homes provided a single-story single-family home building plan using their 2205 square foot floor plan shown in Figure 9
FIGURE 9 NORTHWEST SINGLE-FAMILY HOME FLOOR PLAN 2205
Table 11 contains the specified lighting design and calculated load reduction over the 2008 compliant lighting design the builder typically implemented at the time of this installation The specifications define dedicated sockets types but do not specify source wattages The project team specified possible low and high source wattages for socket types in the lsquooriginalrsquo lighting package in Table 11 In comparison to the 2008 Title 24 compliant design the lighting package resulted in a calculated load reduction of 37 to 61 for the one-story single-family home
26
PGampErsquos Emerging Technologies Program ET13PGE1063
TABLE 11 NORTHWEST HOMES 2205 AHE LIGHTING DESIGN AND LOAD REDUCTION OVER 2008 TITLE 24 COMPLIANT DESIGN
Space Type
Non AHE fixture type
(builder original)
Low Load (W)
High Load (W)
Quantity
Low Load Total (W)
High Load Total (W)
AHE Fixture
AHE Load (W)
AHE Quantity
AHE Total Load (W)
Kitchen Can Fluorescent 13 26 6 78 156 Cree CR6 12 6 72
Nook Ceiling Light Incandescent 40 43 1 40 43 Cree CR6 12 1 12
Pantry Can Fluorescent 13 26 1 13 26 Cree CR6 12 1 12
Great Room Fan with Light 13 43 3 39 129 Cree CR6 12 4 48
Flush Incandescent 40 43 1 40 43 - - - -
Entry Ceiling Light Incandescent 40 43 2 80 86 Cree CR6 12 2 24
Hallways Flush Incandescent 40 43 3 120 129 Cree CR6 12 3 36
Office Ceiling Light Incandescent 40 43 1 40 43 Cree CR6 12 1 12
Bathroom 2
Wall mount Incandescent 40 43 2 80 86 Illumis
Lamps 411 1 411
Water Closet
Ceiling Light Incandescent 40 43 1 40 43 Cree CR6 12 1 12
Bedroom 2 Fan with Light 13 43 3 39 129 Cree CR6 12 2 24
Bedroom 3 Fan with Light 13 43 3 39 129 Cree CR6 12 2 24
Coat Closet
Can Fluorescent 13 26 1 13 26 Cree CR6 12 1 12
Utility Room
Ceiling Linear Fluorescent 28 32 1 28 32 Cree CR6 12 2 24
Garage Ceiling Linear Fluorescent 28 32 3 84 96 Cree
CS14 38 1 38
Porch Ceiling Light Fluorescent 13 26 6 78 156 Cree CR6 12 6 72
Exterior Wall mount Fluorescent 13 26 4 52 104 Illumis
Lamps 137 4 548 Wall Sconce Master
Bedroom Fan with Light 13 43 3 39 129 Cree CR6 12 4 48
Master Closet
Ceiling Linear Fluorescent 28 32 1 28 32 Cree CR6 12 2 24
Master Bathroom
Wall mount Incandescent 40 43 2 80 86 Illumis
Lamps 411 2 822
Ceiling Light Fluorescent 13 26 2 26 52 Cree CR6 12 2 24
Water Closet
Ceiling Light Incandescent 40 43 1 40 43 Cree CR6 12 1 12
TOTAL
1116 1798
7081
AHE Load Reduction 366 606
27
PGampErsquos Emerging Technologies Program ET13PGE1063
Meritage Homes provided a two-story single-family home building plan for their 3085 square foot floor plan shown in Figure 10 and Figure 11
FIGURE 10 MERITAGE FIRST FLOOR SINGLE-FAMILY HOME FLOOR PLAN 3085
28
PGampErsquos Emerging Technologies Program ET13PGE1063
FIGURE 11 MERITAGE SECOND FLOOR SINGLE-FAMILY HOME FLOOR PLAN 3085
Table 12 contains the specified AHE lighting design and calculated load reduction over the 2008 compliant lighting design the builder typically implemented at the time of this installation The specifications define dedicated sockets types but do not specify source wattages The project team specified possible low and high source wattages for socket types in the lsquooriginalrsquo lighting package in Table 12 In comparison to the 2008 Title 24 compliant design the AHE lighting package resulted in a calculated load reduction of 0 to 11 for the two-story single-family home
29
PGampErsquos Emerging Technologies Program ET13PGE1063
TABLE 12 MERITAGE 3085 AHE LIGHTING DESIGN AND LOAD REDUCTION OVER 2008 TITLE 24 COMPLIANT DESIGN
Space Type
Non AHE fixture type
(builder original)
Low Load (W)
High Load (W)
Quantity
Low Load Total (W)
High Load Total (W)
AHE Fixture AHE Source AHE
Fixture Load (W)
Quantity AHE Total Load (W)
Great Room FanDome 26 52 1 26 52 FanDome CREE CR6 12 4 48
Kitchen Fluorescent downlight 13 26 4 52 104 LED
Downlight Cree CR6 12 4 48
Fluorescent Undercabinet 19 37 2 38 74 - - - - -
Optional Pendant 13 26 2 26 52 LED
Pendant CREE TW 135 2 27
Closet 13 26 13 26 LED Dome Cree TW 135 2 27
Powder Room Vanity 26 52 1 26 52 Vanity CREE TW 135 2 27
Dining Fluorescent downlight 13 26 1 13 26 LED
Chandelier Illumis Lamp 137 5 685
Owners Entry Dome 13 26 1 13 26 Dome CREE TW 135 2 27
Pocket Office Fluorescent downlight 13 26 1 13 26 LED
Downlight Cree CR6 12 1 12
Nook Fluorescent downlight 13 26 1 13 26 LED
Downlight Cree CR6 12 2 24
Pantry Fluorescent downlight 13 26 1 13 26 LED
Downlight Cree CR6 12 2 24
Porch Recessed 13 26 1 13 26 Exterior Ceiling Cree CR6 12 2 24
Exterior lights Wall mount 13 26 1 13 26 Wall Mount Exterior Illumis Lamp 137 3 411
Garage 1x4 T8 Fixture 60 70 1 60 70 1x4 T8 Fixture CREE T8 44 2 88
Foyer Fluorescent downlight 13 26 1 13 26 LED
Downlight Cree CR6 12 2 24
Stairs Fluorescent downlight 13 26 1 13 26 LED
Downlight Cree CR6 12 2 24
Linen closet Fluorescent downlight 13 26 1 13 26 LED
Downlight Cree CR6 12 1 12
Bathroom Vanity 26 52 1 26 52 Vanity CREE TW 27 1 27
Hallway Fluorescent downlight 13 26 1 13 26
Integrated LED Downlight
Cree CR6 12 4 48
Laundry 1x4 T8 Fixture 60 70 1 60 70 1x4 T8 Fixture CREE T8 44 1 44
Attic E26 Socket 13 26 1 13 26 E26 socket CREE TW 135 1 135
Game room FanDome 52 104 1 52 104 FanDome CREE TW 54 1 54
Bath 2 Fluorescent downlight 13 26 1 13 26 LED
Downlight Cree TW 135 3 405
Bedrooms Dome 26 52 1 26 52 Dome Feit Candelabra 49 6 294
- - - - - - Dome Feit A-Lamp 10 3 30
Bedroom Walk in Closets Dome 13 26 1 13 26 Dome Cree TW 135 6 81
Master Bedroom FanDome 52 104 1 52 104 FanDome Feit Candelabra 49 4 196
Master Closet Dome 13 26 1 13 26 Dome Illumis 137 4 548
Master Bathroom Fluorescent downlight 13 26 1 13 26 LED
Downlight Cree CR6 12 1 12
LED Vanity Illumis 137 6 822
Cree TW 12 2 24
Bath 3 Fluorescent downlight 13 26 1 13 26 LED
Downlight Cree CR6 12 1 12
TOTAL (W)
678 1254
11176
AHE Load Reduction ()
- 11
30
PGampErsquos Emerging Technologies Program ET13PGE1063
The project team considered a multi-family home builder for inclusion in the program The provided building plan is shown in Figure 12 Table 13 contains the specified AHE lighting design and calculated load reduction over the 2008 compliant lighting design the builder typically implemented at the time of this installation In comparison to the 2008 Title 24 compliant design the AHE lighting package resulted in a calculated load reduction of 50 for one unit of the multi-family home
FIGURE 12 HERITAGE COMMONS MULTI-FAMILY HOME BUILDING PLAN
31
PGampErsquos Emerging Technologies Program ET13PGE1063
TABLE 13 MULTI- FAMILY HOME AHE LIGHTING DESIGN AND LOAD REDUCTION OVER 2008 TITLE 24 COMPLIANT DESIGN
Space Type Non AHE fixture
type (builder original)
Original Load (W)
Original Quantity
Original Total Load
(W)
AHE Fixture
AHE Load (W)
AHE Quantity
AHE Total
Load (W)
Kitchen Fluorescent Down light
26 4 104 Cree CR6 12 4 48
Dining Progress Pendant 100 1 100 Philips Ledino Pendant
225 1 225
Entry Fluorescent Down light
22 1 22 Cree CR6 12 1 12
Bath Fluorescent 17 2 34
GU-24 Vanity Fixture with
Illumis Lamps
137 3 411
Fluorescent Down light
13 1 13 Cree CR6 12 1 12
TOTAL (W) 2730 1356
AHE Load Reduction
() 503
LIGHTING SYSTEM INSTALLATION The installation of the AHE lighting systems did not require additional installation techniques by the construction team compared to 2008 Title 24 compliant systems Photographs of an AHE lighting system installed in a Wathen Castanos model home are provided below
32
PGampErsquos Emerging Technologies Program ET13PGE1063
FIGURE 13 AHE LIGHTING SYSTEM INSTALLATION IN KITCHEN
33
PGampErsquos Emerging Technologies Program ET13PGE1063
FIGURE 14 AHE LIGHTING SYSTEM INSTALLATION IN LIVING ROOM
34
PGampErsquos Emerging Technologies Program ET13PGE1063
FIGURE 15 AHE LIGHTING SYSTEM INSTALLATION IN BATHROOM
35
PGampErsquos Emerging Technologies Program ET13PGE1063
The cost of AHE lighting components have reduced over the course of this project with integrated high quality high efficacy LED downlights ranging in price from $25 to $50 and high quality high efficacy LED replacement lamps ranging from $7 to $25 as of the time of this report Detailed AHE lighting system cost information for the demonstration sites are contained in Table 14 15 and 16 Costs for lighting system components utilized in both the 2008 Title 24 compliant and AHE lighting designs are not included For instance downlight housings and control components are not listed
TABLE 14 WATHEN CASTANOS 1622 AHE LIGHT SOURCE COST INFORMATION
Space Type AHE Fixture AHE Quantity Price per Fixture ($)
Total Price per Space Type ($)
Kitchen Cree CR6 6 $25 $150
Dining LED Chandelier and Satco LED Lamps 1 $408 $408
Cree CR6 2 $25 $50
Great Room Cree CR6 4 $25 $100
Master Bedroom Cree CR6 5 $25 $125
Master Bathroom Cree CR6 2 $25 $50
Satco LED Lamp 8 $29 $232
Master Closet Cree CS14 1 $407 $407
Bedroom (2) Cree CR6 2 $25 $50
Bedroom (3)Study Cree CR6 2 $25 $50
Bathroom Dome Fixture and Satco LED Lamps 2 $29 $58
Vanity Fixture and Satco LED Lamps 3 $29 $87
Laundry Cree CR6 2 $25 $50
Garage Cree CS14 1 $407 $407
Entry Cree CR6 2 $25 $50
Hallway Cree CR6 2 $25 $50
TOTAL $2324
36
PGampErsquos Emerging Technologies Program ET13PGE1063
TABLE 15 NORTHWEST HOMES 2205 AHE LIGHT SOURCE COST INFORMATION
Space Type AHE Fixture AHE Quantity Price per Fixture ($)
Total Price per Space Type ($)
Kitchen Cree CR6 6 $25 $150
Nook Cree CR6 1 $25 $25
Pantry Cree CR6 1 $25 $25
Great Room Cree CR6 4 $25 $100
Entry Cree CR6 2 $25 $50 Hallways Cree CR6 3 $25 $75
Office Cree CR6 1 $25 $25
Bathroom 2 Illumis Lamps 3 $27 $81
Water Closet Cree CR6 1 $25 $25
Bedroom 2 Cree CR6 2 $25 $50
Bedroom 3 Cree CR6 2 $25 $50
Coat Closet Cree CR6 1 $25 $25
Utility Room Cree CR6 2 $25 $50
Garage Cree CS14 1 $407 $407
Porch Cree CR6 6 $25 $150
Exterior Wall Sconces Illumis Lamps 4 $27 $108
Master Bedroom Cree CR6 4 $25 $100
Master Closet Cree CR6 2 $25 $50 Master
Bathroom Illumis Lamps 2 $27 $54
Cree CR6 2 $25 $50
Water Closet Cree CR6 1 $25 $25
TOTAL $1675
37
PGampErsquos Emerging Technologies Program ET13PGE1063
TABLE 16 MERITAGE 3085 AHE LIGHT SOURCE COST INFORMATION
Space Type AHE Fixture AHE Source Quantity
Price per Fixture
($)
Total Price per Space Type ($)
Great Room FanDome CREE TW 4 $15 $60
Kitchen LED Downlight Cree CR6 4 $25 $100
Optional Pendant CREE TW 2 $15 $30
Closet LED Dome CREE TW 2 $15 $30
Powder Room Vanity CREE TW 2 $15 $30
Dining Chandelier Illumis Lamps 5 $27 $135
Owners Entry Dome CREE TW 2 $15 $30
Pocket Office LED Downlight Cree CR6 1 $25 $25
Nook LED Downlight Cree CR6 2 $25 $50
Pantry LED Downlight Cree CR6 2 $25 $50
Porch Exterior Ceiling Illumis Lamp 2 $27 $54
Exterior lights Wall Mount Exterior
Illumis Lamp 3 $27 $81
Garage 1x4 T8 Fixture CREE T8 2 $35 $70
Foyer LED Downlight Cree CR6 2 $25 $50
Stairs LED Downlight Cree CR6 2 $25 $50
Linen Closet LED Downlight Cree CR6 1 $25 $25
Bathroom Vanity CREE TW 2 $15 $30
Hallway Integrated LED Downlight Cree CR6 4 $25 $100
Laundry 1x4 T8 Fixture CREE T8 1 $35 $35
Attic E26 socket CREE TW 1 $15 $15
Game room FanDome CREE TW 4 $15 $60
Bath 2 LED Downlight Cree TW 3 $15 $45
Bedrooms Dome Feit Candelabra 6 $7 $42
Dome Feit A-Lamp 3 $7 $21
Walk in Closet Dome CREE TW 6 $15 $90
Master Bedroom FanDome Feit
Candelabra 4 $7 $28
Master Closet Dome Illumis 4 $27 $108
Master Bathroom LED Downlight Cree CR6 1 $25 $25
LED Vanity Illumis 6 $27 $162
Bath 3 LED Downlight Cree CR6 1 $25 $25
TOTAL $1656
38
PGampErsquos Emerging Technologies Program ET13PGE1063
SYSTEM PERFORMANCE EVALUATION The project team monitored the builder and homeowner end-user satisfaction photometric performance and energy consumption of the installed AHE lighting systems according to the test method outlined in this report The results of the system performance evaluation are provided below
SURVEY RESPONSES To capture builder and homeowner end-user experiences with the AHE lighting systems deployed for evaluation in this project the project team developed survey tools in order to collect feedback in a rigorous manner The results of the surveys will be used to better understand barriers to market adoption of AHE lighting systems and inform the recommendations for next steps Responses to the builder and homeowner surveys are included in the following sections
BUILDER SURVEY RESPONSES The three participating builders completed the AHE lighting system installation The survey response below is for Wathen Castanos (WC) Northwest Homes (NH) and Meritage Homes (MH)
Q What is the primary driver(s) for lighting specification choices bull WC Cost and Title 24 Code Requirements bull NH Title 24 Code Requirements then customer preference bull MH Cost without sacrificing product reliability and then Title 24 Code Requirements
Q At what point in your design process are appliance or energy codes such as T24 considered
bull WC In the plan design stage bull NH Beginning before plans are submitted for plan check review bull MH When determining the lighting schedule
Q How often is your initial plan altered in order to comply with T24 requirements
bull WC Typically not until there is a mandated code update bull NH About 50 of the time although T24 is considered throughout all designs bull MH Very rarely to comply more often to exceed T24 requirements Typically
altered to take advantage of local utility incentives Q What is your typical budget for lighting in a small mid-sized and large home
bull WC Small $500 Mid-Sized $800 Large $1900 bull NH Small $2000 Mid-Sized $3000 Large $4000 bull MH Small $500 Mid-Sized $850 Large $1400
Q Does the lighting design or technologies used vary depending on the locale or price-point of the home If so how
bull WC Yes the high end homes will typically have a higher quality finish on the light fixtures
39
PGampErsquos Emerging Technologies Program ET13PGE1063
bull NH Yes we allow approximately $125 per square foot of the home for lighting and ceiling fans We use a lot of LED recessed can lighting in kitchens and hallways as standard The electrical contractor includes those in his bid about $9000 each
bull MH Yes location and the associated market affect this decision Builder competition also influences if LED lighting or solar is offered as a way to differentiate ourselves
Q Compared to other building systems how large an impact does lighting have on a homersquos budget (as a percent)
bull WC Less than 1 bull NH Including cost increase for high efficiency lighting due to lack of product
availability about 15 bull MH About 02
Q How difficult is it to find Title 24 compliant products for each of the following product categories
Not Difficult
Somewhat Difficult
Very Difficult
Not Applicable
GU-24 MH WC NH
Integral LEDs vs replacement lamps WC NH MH
Quick connects WC NH MH
New track lighting requirements WC NH MH
Q How often do homeowners ask for a lighting change after construction is completed
bull WC Almost Never bull NH Often bull MH Almost Never
Q Do they try to replace luminaires with non-compliant alternatives bull WC Occasionally bull NH Often bull MH Almost Never
Q What role do the utility companies play in your lighting design decision making process
bull WC Rebates and Incentives bull NH None Title 24 only bull MH None
Q What challenges do you foresee arising that will make AHE compliance difficult
bull WC Economics ndash price of high efficacy products 90 CRI Product availability ndash most products canrsquot be quickly purchased at hardware stores
bull NH Economics ndash price of high efficacy products 90 CRI Product availability ndash most products canrsquot be quickly purchased at hardware stores
bull MH Economics ndash price of high efficacy products 90 CRI Product availability ndash most products canrsquot be quickly purchased at hardware stores
40
PGampErsquos Emerging Technologies Program ET13PGE1063
Q With integral LED luminaires becoming part of Title 24 compliance do you foresee any issues with end-users adopting this lighting appliance
bull WC No It will become the norm and current home owners do not like fluorescent fixtures
bull NH No the lighting quality of new LED lights seem to be acceptable to most buyers bull MH No not with the LED light quality and longevity Cost may be an issue
Changing components rather than bulbs may be an issue
HOMEOWNER SURVEY RESPONSES At the time of this report all participating demonstration homes had been occupied for sufficient time to collect survey responses The homeowner survey response provided below is for the Wathen Castanos 1622 homeowner (WC) NorthWest Homes 2205 homeowners (NH1 and NH2) and Meritage Homes 3085 homeowner (MH)
Q Please compare the lighting in your new home to the lighting in your previous home Do you think that each of the following aspects of lighting is better worse or the same in your new home
Better Worse The same I donrsquot know
I like the color of the lighthellip WC NH1 NH2 MH
The light levels in the space arehellip WC NH1
NH2 MH
Objects under the light lookhellip NH1 NH2 WC MH The aesthetic of the fixtures arehellip NH1 NH2 MH WC The lighting controllability ishellip WC NH2 MH NH1 The glare of the lighting ishellip NH1 NH2 MH WC
41
PGampErsquos Emerging Technologies Program ET13PGE1063
Q Rate your satisfaction with the AHE lighting in each room type in your new home Use the following scale
1 Extremely dissatisfied 2 Dissatisfied 3 No difference in satisfaction from lighting in last home 4 Satisfied 5 Extremely satisfied
WC Responses bull Kitchen Satisfied bull Bathroom No difference in the satisfaction from lighting in last home bull Common Living Spaces Satisfied bull Bedrooms Satisfied bull Dining Room No difference in the satisfaction from lighting in last home bull Garage No difference in the satisfaction from lighting in last home
NH1 Responses
bull Kitchen Satisfied bull Bathroom Satisfied bull Common Living Spaces Extremely Satisfied bull Bedrooms Satisfied bull Dining Room Dissatisfied bull Garage Extremely Dissatisfied
NH2 Responses
bull Kitchen Dissatisfied (no undercounter lighting) bull Bathroom Satisfied bull Common Living Spaces Extremely Satisfied bull Bedrooms Satisfied bull Dining Room Satisfied bull Garage Extremely Dissatisfied
MH Responses
bull Kitchen Satisfied bull Bathroom Satisfied bull Common Living Spaces Satisfied bull Bedrooms Satisfied bull Dining Room Satisfied bull Garage No difference in the satisfaction from lighting in last home
42
PGampErsquos Emerging Technologies Program ET13PGE1063
Q What type of lighting did you use in your previous home WC Response
a Linear fluorescent b Incandescent c CFLs
NH1 Response
a Linear fluorescent b Incandescent c CFLs d Other Halogen Under Counter
NH2 Response
a Linear fluorescent b Incandescent c CFLs d Other Halogen
MH Response Incandescent Q For one standard residential screw-base light fixture what is the most that you would be willing to pay for a single light bulb
bull WC Response $11-15 bull NH1 Response $6-10 bull NH2 Response $1-5 bull MH Response $1-5
Q Rate your familiarity with the following topics Use the following scale 1 I have never heard of it before 2 I have heard of this but am not sure exactly what it means 3 I am familiar with this concept but not an expert 4 I am an expert when it comes to this concept
WC Response bull GU-24 based lamps I have never heard of it before bull LED replacement lamps I am familiar with this concept but not an expert bull Integral LED luminaires I have heard of this but am not sure exactly what it
means bull Adaptive lighting controls I have never heard of it before bull Color Rendering Index I am familiar with this concept but not an expert bull Correlated Color Temperature I have heard of this but am not sure exactly what
it means
43
PGampErsquos Emerging Technologies Program ET13PGE1063
NH1 Response bull GU-24 based lamps I have never heard of it before bull LED replacement lamps I am familiar with this concept but not an expert bull Integral LED luminaires I have never heard of it before bull Adaptive lighting controls I have heard of this but am not sure exactly what it
means bull Color Rendering Index I am familiar with this concept but not an expert bull Correlated Color Temperature I have heard of this but am not sure exactly what
it means NH2 Response
bull GU-24 based lamps I am familiar with this concept but not an expert bull LED replacement lamps I am familiar with this concept but not an expert bull Integral LED luminaires I have never heard of it before bull Adaptive lighting controls I am familiar with this concept but not an expert bull Color Rendering Index I have never heard of it before bull Correlated Color Temperature I have never heard of it before
MH Response
bull GU-24 based lamps I have never heard of it before bull LED replacement lamps I am familiar with this concept but not an expert bull Integral LED luminaires I have heard of this but am not sure exactly what it
means bull Adaptive lighting controls I have heard of this but am not sure exactly what it
means bull Color Rendering Index I am familiar with this concept but not an expert bull Correlated Color Temperature I have heard of this but am not sure exactly what
it means Q How important to you is the ability to maintain your own lighting within your home (Replace burnt-out light bulbsfixtures repair or replace controls etc)
bull WC Response Important that I can replace light bulbs only bull NH1 Response Not at all important I can pay a technician to do those tasks bull NH2 Response Important that I can perform any maintenance task necessary
MH Response Important that I can replace light bulbs only
SYSTEM MONITORING RESULTS The project team monitored the energy and photometric performance of the installed AHE lighting systems according to the test method outlined in this report Results are provided below
PHOTOMETRIC PERFORMANCE The project team characterized the photometric performance of the AHE lighting system installed at the Wathen Castanos 1622 home utilizing the recommended practices from the Illuminating Engineering Societyrsquos The Lighting Handbook Tenth Edition The Lighting for
44
PGampErsquos Emerging Technologies Program ET13PGE1063
Residential Applications chapter was referenced to identify target applications and tasks for residences with specific lighting requirements The project team collected illuminance measurements for the living kitchen dining and bathroom applications Results and recommended light levels are summarized in Table 17
45
PGampErsquos Emerging Technologies Program ET13PGE1063
TABLE 17 WATHEN CASTANOS 1622 MEASURED ILLUMINANCE
Application and Task
Horizontal Illuminance
Target (Avg fc)
Vertical Illuminance
Target (Avg fc)
Measured Horizontal
Illuminance (Avg fc)
Measured Vertical
Illuminance (Avg fc)
Notes
Living Room 3 3 53 NA E_h floor E_v 4AFF
Dining Room 210 NA
Formal 5 2 - - E_h table plane E_v 4AFF
Informal 10 4 - - E_h table plane E_v 4AFF
Study Use 20 5 - - E_h table plane E_v 4AFF
Kitchen
Breakfast Area 20 5 348 297 E_h eating
surfaces E_v 4AFF
Cabinets - 5 - 246 E_v face of cabinets
Cooktops 30 5 207 205 E_h cooking surfaces
General 5 - 314 271 E_h floor Preparation
Counters 50 75 194 159 E_h prep surfaces
Sinks 30 5 362 226 E_h top of sink
Bathroom
Shower 5 - 552 1809 E_h floor E_v 3AFF
Toilet 10 - 304 272 E_h floor
Vanity (Grooming) 30 - 501 342 E_h floor E_v 5AFF
46
PGampErsquos Emerging Technologies Program ET13PGE1063
ENERGY USE MONITORING Energy use data collected at the demonstration sites over the course of this effort is provided in this section Detailed lighting load profiles are provided in Appendix D Raw data is available upon request A comparison of estimated and measured lighting energy use is provided in Table 18 Estimated annual lighting energy use assumes 18 hours of use per day11
TABLE 18 SUMMARY OF CALCULATED AND MEASURED LIGHTING ENERGY USE
Site Area (sf)
Lighting Schedule
Calculated Load (kW)
Measured Peak Lighting
Load (kW)
Measured LPD
Calculated Annual Lighting
Energy Use (kWh)
Estimated Annual Lighting
Energy Use (kWh)
Wathen Castanos 1622 059 046 028 1096 3022
North West Homes
2205 071 062 028 4509 4073
Meritage Homes 3085 112 111 036 13004 7293
Wathen Castanos 1622 Daily lighting energy use profiles at the Wathen Castanos 1622 demonstration home are provided below In addition cumulative results over the course of the monitoring period are included Date gaps in data are due to network errors Days with missing data were dropped from the analysis resulting in 157 days of monitored energy use spanning November 19 2014 to May 25 2015 The lighting energy use averages 300 kWh per day Extrapolating this average for an assumed usage of 365 days per year results in a calculated annual energy use of 1096 kWh
11 US DOE 2010 US Lighting Market Characterization pg 42 table 415 httpapps1eereenergygovbuildingspublicationspdfsssl2010-lmc-final-jan-2012pdf
47
PGampErsquos Emerging Technologies Program ET13PGE1063
FIGURE 16 TOTAL DAILY ENERGY USE FOR WATHEN CASTANOS 1622 DEMONSTRATION HOME
FIGURE 17 WEEKLY ENERGY USE FOR WATHEN CASTANOS 1622 DEMONSTRATION HOME jh
000050100150200250300350400450500
111
920
1411
24
2014
112
920
1412
42
014
129
201
412
27
2014
11
2015
16
2015
111
201
51
162
015
128
201
52
220
152
720
152
122
015
217
201
52
222
015
227
201
53
420
153
920
153
142
015
319
201
53
242
015
329
201
54
320
154
820
154
132
015
418
201
54
232
015
428
201
55
320
155
820
155
132
015
518
201
55
232
015
Daily Lighting Energy Use (kWh)
48
PGampErsquos Emerging Technologies Program ET13PGE1063
Energy use per day is provided based on sunrise and sunset definitions to identify day and night lighting energy use
FIGURE 18 ENERGY USE PER DAY OVER MONITORING PERIOD DURATION
NorthWest Homes 2205 Daily lighting energy use profiles at the NorthWest Homes 2205 demonstration home are provided below In addition cumulative results over the course of the monitoring period are included for the 176 days spanning October 29 2014 to April 20 2015 The lighting energy use averages 124 kWh per day Extrapolating this average for an assumed usage of 365 days per year results in a calculated annual energy use of 4509 kWh
49
PGampErsquos Emerging Technologies Program ET13PGE1063
FIGURE 19 TOTAL ENERGY USE FOR NORTHWEST HOMES 2205 DEMONSTRATION HOME
000
050
100
150
200
250
102
920
1411
32
014
118
201
411
13
2014
111
820
1411
23
2014
112
820
1412
32
014
128
201
412
13
2014
121
820
1412
23
2014
122
820
141
220
151
720
151
122
015
117
201
51
222
015
127
201
52
120
152
620
152
112
015
216
201
52
212
015
226
201
53
320
153
820
153
132
015
318
201
53
232
015
328
201
54
220
154
720
154
122
015
417
201
5
Daily Lighting Energy Use (kWh)
50
PGampErsquos Emerging Technologies Program ET13PGE1063
FIGURE 20 WEEKLY CUMULATIVE ENERGY USE FOR NORTHWEST HOMES 2205 DEMONSTRATION HOME
Energy use per day is provided based on sunrise and sunset definitions to identify day and night lighting energy use
51
PGampErsquos Emerging Technologies Program ET13PGE1063
FIGURE 21 ENERGY USE PER DAY OVER MONITORING PERIOD DURATION
52
PGampErsquos Emerging Technologies Program ET13PGE1063
Meritage 3085 Daily energy use profiles for the ceiling fan and lighting loads at the Meritage 3085 demonstration home are provided below Post-data collection one receptacle was identified as being on the lighting circuit This is included in the 75 days of monitored energy use below spanning January 31 2015 to April 15 2015 The monitored energy use averages 356 kWh per day Extrapolating this average for an assumed usage of 365 days per year this results in a calculated annual lighting related energy use of 1300 kWh
FIGURE 22 TOTAL ENERGY USE FOR MERITAGE 3085 DEMONSTRATION HOME
0
1
2
3
4
5
6
131
201
5
23
2015
26
2015
29
2015
212
201
5
215
201
5
218
201
5
221
201
5
224
201
5
227
201
5
32
2015
35
2015
38
2015
311
201
5
314
201
5
317
201
5
320
201
5
323
201
5
326
201
5
329
201
5
41
2015
44
2015
47
2015
410
201
5
413
201
5
Daily Lighting Energy Use (kWh)
53
PGampErsquos Emerging Technologies Program ET13PGE1063
FIGURE 23 WEEKLY CUMULATIVE ENERGY USE FOR MERITAGE 3085 DEMONSTRATION HOME
Energy use per day is provided based on sunrise and sunset definitions to identify day and night lighting energy use
54
PGampErsquos Emerging Technologies Program ET13PGE1063
FIGURE 24 ENERGY USE PER DAY OVER MONITORING PERIOD DURATION
RECOMMENDATIONS Over the duration of the project product availability and cost barriers to the adoption of AHE lighting for residential applications were identified Participating builders unanimously responsed that challenges for builders to be compliant with AHE lighting requirements include the economics associated with AHE lighting products and the limited availability of AHE lighting products that can be quickly purchased at a hardware store For the AHE lighting designs implemented in this study two of the three AHE lighting designs exceeded the typical lighting budget for the builders Programmatic recommendations to overcome these barriers if enacted will help increase widespread adoption of AHE systems Lighting systems that comply with the AHE definition range in performance and cost These ranges are predominantly linked to the lighting systemrsquos electrical architecture affecting controls compatibility heat transfer and allowable installation locations system efficiency light quality light output and component cost With recent developments in LED technology and electrical architecture Edison-based replacement lamp performance has improved and cost has reduced dramatically In addition to fixture integrated and GU-24 socket LED lighting solutions it is recommended that the AHE definition include lighting fixtures equipped with Edison sockets and installed with an Edison base source complying with the high-efficacy high-quality requirements If enacted the increased product availability and reduced cost of the Edison-based LED lamps meeting the high-efficacy high-quality requirements will help overcome barriers to the adoption of AHE lighting for residential applications
55
PGampErsquos Emerging Technologies Program ET13PGE1063
APPENDIX A ndash SURVEY QUESTIONS BUILDER SURVEY CONTENT
1 Describe the lighting design process for your team bull What is the primary driver(s) for lighting specification choices (ie cost T24
requirements customer preference fixture availability etc) bull At what point in your design process are appliance or energy codes such as T24
considered bull How often is your initial plan altered in order to comply with T24 requirements
2 What is your typical budget for lighting in a small mid-sized and large home
bull Does the lighting design or technologies used vary depending on the locale or price-point of the home If so how
bull Compared to other building systems how large an impact does lighting have on a homersquos budget (as a percent)
3 How difficult is it to find Title 24 compliant products for each of the following product
categories Not
Difficult Somewhat
Difficult Very
Difficult GU-24 familiarity Integral LEDs vs replacement lamps Quick connects New track lighting requirements
4 How often do homeowners ask for a lighting change after construction is completed
(Never Almost Never Occasionally Often) bull Do they try to replace luminaires with non-compliant alternatives (Never Almost
Never Occasionally Often) 5 What role do the utility companies play in your lighting design decision making process
bull Rebates and Incentives bull Marketing tools bull Other tasks
6 What challenges do you foresee arising that will make AHE compliance difficult
bull Economics ndash price of high efficacy products 90 CRI bull Education ndash does install team need to learn how to install new technologies bull Product availability ndash most products canrsquot be quickly purchased at hardware stores bull Other
7 With integral LED luminaires becoming part of Title 24 compliance do you foresee any
issues with end-users adopting this lighting appliance
56
PGampErsquos Emerging Technologies Program ET13PGE1063
HOMEOWNER SURVEY CONTENT 2 Please compare the lighting in your new home to the lighting in your previous home Do
you think that each of the following aspects of lighting is better worse or the same in your new home
Better Worse The same I donrsquot know I like the color of the lighthellip The light levels in the space arehellip Objects under the light lookhellip The aesthetic of the fixtures arehellip The lighting controllability ishellip The glare of the lighting ishellip
3 Rate your satisfaction with the AHE lighting in each room type in your new home Use
the following scale 1 Extremely dissatisfied 2 Dissatisfied 2 No difference in satisfaction from lighting in last home 3 Satisfied 4 Extremely satisfied
bull Kitchen 1 2 3 4 5 bull Bathroom 1 2 3 4 5 bull Common Living Spaces 1 2 3 4 5 bull Bedrooms 1 2 3 4 5 bull Dining Room 1 2 3 4 5 bull Garage 1 2 3 4 5
4 What type of lighting did you use in your previous home Circle all that apply a Linear fluorescent b Incandescent c CFLs d LEDs e Other _______________ f I donrsquot know
5 For one standard residential screw-base light fixture what is the most that you would
be willing to pay for a single light bulb
a $1-5 b $6-10 c $11-15 d $16+
6 Rate your familiarity with the following topics Use the following scale
1 I have never heard of it before 2 I have heard of this but am not sure exactly what it means
57
PGampErsquos Emerging Technologies Program ET13PGE1063
3 I am familiar with this concept but not an expert 4 I am an expert when it comes to this concept
bull GU-24 based lamps 1 2 3 4 bull LED replacement lamps 1 2 3 4 bull Integral LED luminaires 1 2 3 4 bull Adaptive lighting controls 1 2 3 4 bull Color Rendering Index 1 2 3 4 bull Correlated Color Temperature 1 2 3 4
7 How important to you is the ability to maintain your own lighting within your home
(Replace burnt-out light bulbsfixtures repair or replace controls etc) 1 Not at all important I can pay a technician to do those tasks 2 Important that I can replace light bulbs only 3 Important that I can replace light bulbs and ballastsdriversassociated
electronics 4 Important that I can perform any maintenance task necessary
58
PGampErsquos Emerging Technologies Program ET13PGE1063
APPENDIX B ndash AHE COMPLIANT PRODUCTS
CEILING-MOUNTED RECESSED LUMINAIRESCEILING-MOUNTED RECESSED LUMINAIRES
PRODUCT CCT CRI WATTSEFFICACY
(Lumens Watt)
Cree LED Lighting
4 ROUND DOWNLIGHT KR4-9L-27K-V KR4T-SSGC-
2700 K 90 13 W 50
Dasal Architectural Lighting
QUADRA LED TRIM 2-500--BRO-FL-9027-800
3000 K 95 12 W 52
Dasal Architectural Lighting STAR LITE XIC LED TRIM 2-167-01-BRO-FL-9027-800
2700 K 91 12 W 51
Designers Fountain
6 DIMMABLE LED6741A30
3000 K 95 14 W 61
dmf Lighting
4 5 6 LED DRD2M10927
2700 K 90 15 W 67
Elite Lighting
4 LED RETROFIT MODULE RL428-650L-DIMTR-120-30K-90-W-WH
3000 K 90 11 W 61
Energy Savings Technology
2 ADJUSTABLE LED DL2-D3
2964 K 92 15 W 55
Fahrenheit Lighting
6LED DME8927
2700 K 90 13 W 62
Halo Eatons Cooper Lighting business
NARROW FLOOD LIGHT RA406927NFLWH
2700 K 90 10 W 69
2013 TITLE 24 PART 626
Iris Products
35 APERTURE P3LED09FL40927E-E3MRC
2700 K 90 15 W 45
Liton
6 GU24 LED REFLECTOR LRELD602C-L10-T27
2700 K 85 12 W 48
MaxLite
6 RETROFIT RR61227WC
2700 K 81 12 W 63
Mini LED MultiSpot
MULTI-SPOT LIGHT MT-3LD11NA-F930-
3000 K 90 11 W 59
Portfolio
4 NEW CONSTRUCTION LD4AD010TE099274LM0H
3000 K 90 15 W 46
Prescolite (A Division of Hubbell Lighting)
6 NEW amp EXISTING CONSTRUCTION LB6LEDA10L27K9 BL
3500 K 83 12 W 66
Progress Lighting
6 DOWNLIGHT P8071-30K9-L10
3000 K 83 12 W 66
Tech Lighting
3 FIXED DOWNLIGHT E3W-LH927
2700 K 92 17 W 63
Tech Lighting
4 ADJUSTABLE DOWNLIGHT E4W-LH930--277
3000 K 93 31 W 66
PRODUCT CCT CRI WATTSEFFICACY (Lumens Watt)
27HIGH-EFFICACY RESIDENTIAL LIGHTING
CEILING-MOUNTED SURFACE LUMINAIRES
PRODUCT CCT CRI WATTSEFFICACY (Lumens Watt)
Hinkley Lighting
HADLEY 3301-LED
2700 K 90 32 W 65
Hinkley Lighting
BRANTLEY 4631-LED
2700 K 90 32 W 65
Hinkley Lighting
BOLLA 5551-LED
2700 K 90 32 W 65
Hinkley Lighting
FLUSH MOUNT 5551-LED
2700 K 96 32 W 60
Permlight
12 ROUND CLIPS FLUSH MOUNT XXX-5545
2700 K 90 26 W 64
Permlight
12 SQUARE FLUSH MOUNT XXX-5555
2700 K 90 26 W 64
Permlight
12 SQUARE FRAMED FLUSH MOUNT XXX-5565
2700 K 90 26 W 64
Permlight
CYLINDER FLUSH MOUNT XXX-6100
2700 K 90 13 W 64
Permlight
RECTANGLE FLUSH MOUNT XXX-6115
2700 K 90 13 W 64
2013 TITLE 24 PART 628
CEILING-MOUNTED SUSPENDED LUMINAIRES
PRODUCT CCT CRI WATTSEFFICACY (Lumens Watt)
Fredrick Ramond
MAPLE LOFT FR35002MPL
2700 K 90 6 W 45
Fredrick Ramond
WALNUT LOFT FR35018WAL
2700 K 90 6 W 45
Fredrick Ramond
CHERRY LOFT FR35027CHY
2700 K 90 6 W 45
Fredrick Ramond
BAMBOO ZEN FR46208BAM
2700 K 90 6 W 45
Hinkley Lighting
HATHAWAY 3220-LED
2700 K 90 32 W 60
Hinkley Lighting
ZELDA 3441-L720
2700 K 90 32 W 60
Hinkley Lighting
BOLLA 4651-LED
2700 K 90 32 W 60
29HIGH-EFFICACY RESIDENTIAL LIGHTING
WALL-MOUNTED LUMINAIRES
PRODUCT CCT CRI WATTSEFFICACY (Lumens Watt)
Hinkley Lighting
LEX 2714
2700 K 90 15 W 53
Hinkley Lighting
LANZA 5590-LED
2700 K 90 8 W 60
Hinkley Lighting
LATITUDE 5650-LED
2700 K 90 8 W 60
Permlight
SMALL RECTANGLE XXX-0910
2700 K 90 13 W 64
Permlight
SMALL CYLINDER XXX-0940
2700 K 90 13 W 64
Permlight
TRIANGLE WALL SCONCE XXX-1141
2700 K 90 13 W 64
Permlight
LARGE CYLINDER XXX-1411
2700 K 90 26 W 64
Permlight
SMALL CROSS WINDOW XXX-7285
2700 K 90 13 W 64
2013 TITLE 24 PART 630
UNDERCABINET LUMINAIRES
PRODUCT CCT CRI WATTSEFFICACY (Lumens Watt)
Aion LED
A-TRACK LIGHT ENGINE 3924-29-
2950 K 92 1 W 80
Diode LED
AVENUE 24 PREMIUM LED TAPE DI-24V-AV50-90
5000 K 90 2 W 85
EcoSense
48 ECOSPEC LINEAR LCILH-12-27-120-120
4000 K 90 3 W 58
EcoSense
12 ECOSPEC LINEAR LCISH-12-27-120-120
4000 K 90 4 W 55
Nora Lighting
6 LED LIGHT BAR NULB-6LED9
3000 K 90 3 W 38
Tech Lighting
UNILUME LED LIGHT BAR 700UCRD07930-LED
3000 K 91 4 W 74
Tech Lighting
UNILUME LED MICRO CHANNEL 700UMCD304930
3000 K 90 13 W 63
WAC Lighting
INVISLED PRO2 LED-TX2427-
2700 K 90 4 W 81
31HIGH-EFFICACY RESIDENTIAL LIGHTING
VANITY LUMINAIRES
PRODUCT CCT CRI WATTSEFFICACY (Lumens Watt)
Hinkley Lighting
DARIA 3-LED 55483-LED
2700 K 90 24 W 60
Hinkley Lighting
DARIA 3-LED 55484-LED
2700 K 90 32 W 60
Hinkley Lighting
MERIDIAN 3-LED 5593-LED
2700 K 90 24 W 60
Hinkley Lighting
DUET 2-LED 5612-LED
2700 K 90 16 W 60
Hinkley Lighting
DUET 5-LED 5615-LED
2700 K 90 40 W 60
Hinkley Lighting
LATITUDE 4-LED 5654-LED
2700 K 90 32 W 60
Hinkley Lighting
DAPHNE 2-LED 5922-LED
2700 K 90 16 W 60
Hinkley Lighting
DAPHNE 5-LED 5925-LED
2700 K 90 40 W 60
2013 TITLE 24 PART 632
PGampErsquos Emerging Technologies Program ET13PGE1063
APPENDIX C ndash MEASUREMENT AND DATA COLLECTION EQUIPMENT SPECIFICATIONS
Revenue-grade Energy and Power MetersThe WattNode Revenue meters are designed for use in applications where revenue-grade or utility-grade accu-racy is required The WattNode Revenue meters meet the accuracy requirements of ANSI C121 and support Modbusreg BACnetreg or LonTalkreg communications proto-cols or a pulse output
The WatttNode Revenue marks a new level of per-formance for the WattNode brand of electric power meters The WattNode Revenue electric power meters are optimized for tenant submetering in residential and commercial spaces PV energy generation metering UMCS metering on military bases and more
The WattNode Revenue meters are designed for 120208 and 277480 Vac applications For ANSI C121 accuracy current transformers compliant with IEEE C5713 Class 06 are required Each meter is calibrated using NIST traceable equipment following the procedures
reg reg reg
WATTNODE REVENUE for BACnet
WATTNODE REVENUE for Modbus
WATTNODE REVENUE for LonWorks
WATTNODE REVENUE Pulse
CURRENT TRANSFORMERS
New
ANSI C12 Load Performance Test - RWNC-3Y-208-MB WattNode Revenue
Current (Percent of Fullscale)
Ener
gy (P
erce
nt R
egis
trat
ion)
1 2 3 10 15 30 50 75 90 100
1020
1015
1010
1005
1000
995
990
985
980
C121 Limit
C121 Limit
RWNC-3Y-208-MB
1
19 SymbolsRead understand and follow all instructions including warnings and precautions before installing and using the product
Potential Shock Hazard from Dangerous High Voltage
Functional ground should be connected to earth ground if possible but is not required for safety grounding
UL Listing mark This shows the UL and cUL (Canadian) listing mark
FCC Mark This logo indicates compliance with part 15 of the FCC rules
Complies with the regulations of the European Union for Product Safety and Electro-Magnetic Compatibilitybull Low Voltage Directive ndash EN 61010-1 2001bull EMC Directive ndash EN 61327 1997 + A11998 + A22001
V~ This indicates an AC voltage
2 OverviewCongratulations on your purchase of the WattNodereg Pulse wattwatt-hour trans-ducer The WattNode meter enables you to make power and energy measure-ments within electric service panels avoiding the costly installation of subpanels and associated wiring It is designed for use in demand side management (DSM) submetering and energy monitoring applications
21 Additional LiteratureSee the Continental Control Systems LLC website (wwwccontrolsyscom)for product pages datasheets and support pages for all WattNode meter mod-els and current transformers Each WattNode model has an Operating and Reference Guide with detailed information on the available measurements and interface
22 Electrical Service TypesTable 1 above lists the WattNode models and common circuit types In the ldquoElectrical Service Typesrdquo column when two voltages are listed with a slash between them they indicate the line-to-neutral line-to-line voltages The ldquoLine-to-Neutralrdquo and ldquoLine-to-Linerdquo columns show the operating ranges for the WattNode meters
Connect the line voltages to the meter inputs as shown in the following figures for each service type See Figure 1 above for an overview
Ground
WH
ITE
BLA
CK
OslashB CT
OslashC CT
OslashA CT
OslashB
OslashC
N
OslashA
GND or CommonInput or Positive
Monitoring Equip-ment or Display
P1P2P3
COM
Out
put
Status
Status
Status
WATTNODEreg PULSE
WNB-WNB- -P
-P
Neutral
Phase A
Phase B
Phase C
LOA
D
WHITEBLACK
WH
ITE
BLA
CK
LINE
SourceFaces
CurrentTransformers
3Y-xxx3D-xxx
Figure 1 WattNode Wiring Diagram
ElectricalService (or Load) Types
Line-to-Neutral (Vac)
Line-to-Line(Vac)
WattNode Service
Type
MeterPowered
by1 Phase 2 Wire 120V with neutral 96 ndash 138 na 3Y-208 N and OslashA1 Phase 2 Wire 230V with neutral (non-US) 184 ndash 264 na 3Y-400 N and OslashA1 Phase 2 Wire 277V with neutral 222 ndash 318 na 3Y-480 N and OslashA1 Phase 2 Wire 208V no neutral na 166 ndash 276 3D-240 OslashA and OslashB1 Phase 2 Wire 240V no neutral na 166 ndash 276 3D-240 OslashA and OslashB
1 Phase 3 Wire 120V240V with neutral 96 ndash 138 166 ndash 2763Y-208 N and OslashA3D-240 OslashA and OslashB
3 Phase 3 Wire Delta 208V no neutral na 166 ndash 276 3D-240 OslashA and OslashB3 Phase 3 Wire Delta 400V no neutral (non-US) na 320 ndash 460 3D-400 OslashA and OslashB3 Phase 3 Wire Delta 480V no neutral na 384 ndash 552 3D-480 OslashA and OslashB
3 Phase 4 Wire Wye 120V208V with neutral 96 ndash 138 166 ndash 2763Y-208 N and OslashA3D-240 OslashA and OslashB
3 Phase 4 Wire Delta 120208240V with neutral 96 ndash 138 166 ndash 276 3D-240 OslashA and OslashB3 Phase 4 Wire Wye 230V400V with neutral (non-US) 184 ndash 264 320 ndash 460
3Y-400 N and OslashA3D-400 OslashA and OslashB
3 Phase 4 Wire Wye 277V480V with neutral 222 ndash 318 384 ndash 5523Y-480 N and OslashA3D-480 OslashA and OslashB
3 Phase 4 Wire Delta 240415480V with neutral 222 ndash 318 384 ndash 552 3D-480 OslashA and OslashB3 Phase 4 Wire Wye 347V600V with neutral 278 ndash 399 480 ndash 690 3Y-600 N and OslashA
Table 1 WattNode Models
WATTNODE reg PULSEand
WATTNODEreg REVENUEElectric Power MeterInstallation Manual
Series - Service - Interface Options______ - _______ - ________
3Y-2083Y-4003Y-4803Y-6003D-2403D-4003D-480
P = Pulse
See website for options
WNB = Second generationRWNB = Revenue second generation
1 Precautions11 Only qualified personnel or licensed electri-
cians should install the WattNode meter The mains voltages of 120 to 600 Vac can be lethal
12 Follow all applicable local and national electri-cal and safety codes
13 The terminal block screws are not insulated Do not contact metal tools to the screw termi-nals if the circuit is live
14 Verify that circuit voltages and currents are within the proper range for the meter model
15 Use only UL listed or UL recognized current transformers (CTs) with built-in burden resis-tors that generate 0333 Vac (333 millivolts AC) at rated current Do not use current output (ratio) CTs such as 1 amp or 5 amp output CTs they will destroy the meter and may create a shock hazard
16 Protect the line voltage inputs to the meter with fuses or circuit breakers (not needed for the neutral or ground wires) See 331 below
17 Equipment must be disconnected from the HAZARDOUS LIVE voltages before access
18 If the meter is not installed correctly the safety protections may be impaired
2
221 Single-Phase Two-Wire with NeutralThis is a common residential and branch circuit connection Up to three such circuits may be monitored with one meter by also using the OslashB and OslashC inputs
Ground
OslashB
OslashC
N
OslashA
WATTN
OD
Ereg
NeutralLine
222 Single-Phase Two-Wire No NeutralThis circuit occurs in residential (commonly 120240 Vac) and some commercial applications The meter is powered from the OslashA and OslashB terminals We recom-mend connecting the N terminal to ground to provide a clean voltage reference for the measurement circuitry (no current will flow through this terminal)
Ground
OslashB
OslashC
N
OslashA
WATTN
OD
Ereg
L1L2
223 Single-Phase Three-Wire with NeutralThis is a common residential service at 120240 Vac
Ground
OslashB
OslashC
N
OslashA
WATTN
OD
Ereg
NeutralL1L2
224 Three-Phase Three-Wire Delta No NeutralThis is common in commercial and industrial settings In some cases the service may be four-wire wye but the load may only be three wire (no neutral)
Occasionally a load will only be connected to two of the three lines (say L1 and L2) For this case connect the two active lines to the OslashA and OslashB terminals and connect two CTs for the two lines
Ground
OslashB
OslashC
N
OslashA
WATTN
OD
Ereg
L1L2L3
225 Three-Phase Four-Wire Wye with NeutralThis is a common commercial and industrial service
Ground
OslashB
OslashC
N
OslashA
WATTN
OD
Ereg
NeutralL1L2L3
226 Three-Phase Four-Wire Delta with Neutral (Wild Leg)The uncommon four-wire delta electrical service is a three-phase delta service with a center-tap on one of the transformer windings to create a neutral for single-phase loads
The high-leg or phase with the higher voltage as measured to neutral has tra-ditionally been designated ldquoPhase Brdquo A change to the 2008 NEC now allows the high leg of a four-wire three-phase delta service to be labeled as the ldquoCrdquo phase instead of the ldquoBrdquo phase The WattNode meter will work correctly with the high-leg connected to OslashA OslashB or OslashC
See the web article Four Wire Delta Circuits for more information
Ground
OslashB
OslashC
N
OslashA
WATTN
OD
Ereg
NeutralL1L2L3
227 Grounded Leg ServiceIn rare cases with delta services or single-phase two-wire services without neutral one of the phases may be grounded
The WattNode meter will correctly measure services with a grounded leg but the measured voltage and power for the grounded phase will be zero and the status LEDs (if present) will not light for the grounded phase because the volt-age is near zero Also this type of service may result in unusual power factors
See the web article Grounded Leg Services for more information
3 Installation31 Installation ChecklistSee the sections referenced below for installation details
Mount the WattNode meter (see 32)Turn off power before making line voltage connectionsConnect circuit breakers or fuses and disconnects (see 331)Connect the line voltage wires to the meterrsquos green terminal block (see 332)Mount the CTs around the line conductors Make sure the CTs face the source (see 34)Connect the twisted white and black wires from the CTs to the black terminal block on the meter matching the wire colors to the white and black dots on the meter label (see 341)Check that the CT phases match the line voltage phases (see 34)Record the CT rated current for each meter because it will be required during commissioningConnect the output terminals of the WattNode meter to the monitoring equipment (see 35)Check that all the wires are securely installed in the terminal blocks by tugging on each wireApply power to the meterVerify that the LEDs indicate correct operation (see 42)
32 MountingProtect the meter from temperatures below ndash30degC (-22degF) or above 55degC (131degF) excessive moisture dust salt spray or other contamination using a NEMA rated enclosure if necessary The meter requires an environment no worse than pollution degree 2 (normally only non-conductive pollution occasionally a temporary conductivity caused by condensation)The meter must be installed in an electrical service panel an enclosure or a limited access electrical roomDo not use the meter as a drilling guide the drill chuck can damage the screw terminals and metal shavings may fall into the connectors
The meter has two mounting holes spaced 1366 mm (5375 in) apart (center-to-center) These mounting holes are normally obscured by the detachable screw terminals Remove the screw terminals to mark the hole positions and mount the meter
Self-tapping 8 sheet metal screws are included Donrsquot over-tighten the screws as long-term stress on the case can cause cracking
33 Connect Voltage Terminals331 Circuit ProtectionThe WattNode meter is considered ldquopermanently connected equipmentrdquo and requires a disconnect means (circuit breaker switch or disconnect) and over-current protection (fuse or circuit breaker)
The meter only draws 10-30 milliamps so the rating of any switches discon-nects fuses andor circuit breakers is determined by the wire gauge the mains voltage and the current interrupting rating required
3
The switch disconnect or circuit breaker must be as close as practicable to the meter and must be easy to operateUse circuit breakers or fuses rated for 20 amps or lessUse ganged circuit breakers when monitoring more than one line voltageThe circuit breakers or fuses must protect the mains terminals labeled OslashA OslashB and OslashC If neutral is also protected then the overcurrent protec-tion device must interrupt both neutral and the ungrounded conductors simultaneouslyThe circuit protection disconnect system must meet IEC 60947-1 and IEC 60947-3 as well as all national and local electrical codes
332 Line WiringAlways disconnect power before connecting the line voltage inputs to the meterFor the line voltage wires CCS recommends 16 to 12 AWG stranded wire type THHN MTW or THWN 600 VDo not place more than one voltage wire in a screw terminal use separate wire nuts or terminal blocks if neededVerify that the line voltages match the line-to-line Oslash-Oslash and line-to-neutral Oslash-N values printed in the white box on the front label
Connect each line voltage to the appropriate phase also connect ground and neutral (if applicable) The neutral connection ldquoNldquo is not required on delta mod-els (3D-240 3D-400 and 3D-480) but we recommend connecting it to ground if neutral is not present
The screw terminals handle wire up to 12 AWG Connect each voltage line to the green terminal block as shown in Figure 1 above After the voltage lines have been connected make sure both terminal blocks are fully seated in the meter
When power is first applied check that the LEDs behave normally on models with status LEDs if you see them flashing red-green-red-green (see Figure 7) the line voltage is too high for this model so disconnect the power immediately
333 GroundingThe WattNode uses a plastic enclosure insulation and internal isolation bar-riers instead of protective earthing The ground terminal on the green screw terminal block is a functional ground designed to improve the measurement accuracy and noise immunity If necessary this terminal may be left discon-nected on wye models (-3Y)
34 Connect Current TransformersTo meet the UL listing requirements the WattNode meter may only be used with the following UL listed or UL recognized voltage output current transformer models These all generate 33333 millivolts AC at rated current See the cur-rent transformer datasheets for CT ratings
ACT-0750-xxx CTL-1250-xxx CTM-0360-xxxCTS-0750-xxx CTS-1250-xxx CTS-2000-xxxxCTB-wwwXhhh-xxxx CTBL-wwwXhhh-xxxx CTT-0300-xxxCTT-0500-xxx CTT-0750-xxx CTT-1000-xxxCTT-1250-xxx
ldquoxxxrdquo indicates the full scale current ratingldquowwwrdquo and ldquohhhrdquo indicate the width and height in inchesldquoddddrdquo indicates the opening diameter of the loop for flexible Rogowski CTs
See the web article Selecting Current Transformers for information on se-lecting appropriate current transformers (CTs)
Do not use ratio or current output CTs such as 1 amp or 5 amp output modelsSee the CT datasheets for the maximum input current ratingsBe careful to match the CTs with the voltage phases Make sure the OslashA CTis measuring the current on the same phase being monitored by OslashA and the same for phases B and C Use the supplied colored labels or colored tape to identify the CT leadsTo minimize current measurement noise avoid extending the CT wires especially in noisy environments If it is necessary to extend the wires use twisted pair wire 22 to 14 AWG rated for 300 V or 600 V (not less than the service voltage) and shielded if possibleFind the source arrow or label ldquoTHIS SIDE TOWARD SOURCErdquo on the CT and facepoint toward the source of currentOPTIONAL if you see spurious readings on unused phases jumper the unused CT inputs for each unused CT connect a short wire from the terminal marked with a white dot to the terminal marked with a black dot
To install the CTs pass the conductor to be measured through the CT and con-nect the CT leads to the meter Always remove power before disconnecting any live conductors Put the line conductors through the CTs as shown in Figure 1 above
CTs are directional If they are mounted backwards or with their white and black wires swapped the measured power will be negative The status LEDs indicate negative measured power by flashing red
Split-core CTs can be opened for installation around a conductor A nylon cable tie may be secured around the CT to prevent inadvertent opening
341 CT WiringConnect the white and black CT wires to the meter terminals marked OslashA CTOslashB CT and OslashC CT (see Figure 1 above) Excess length may be trimmed from the wires if desired The current transformers connect to the six position black screw terminal block Connect each CT with the white wire aligned with the white dot on the label and the black wire aligned with the black dot Note the order in which the phases are connected as the line voltage phases mustmatch the current phases for accurate power measurement
35 Connect the Output SignalsThe meter outputs are isolated from dangerous voltages so you can con-nect them at any timeIf the output wiring is near line voltage wiring use wires or cables with a 300 V or 600 V rating (not less than the service voltage)If the output wiring is near bare conductors it should be double insulated or jacketedYou may install two wires into each screw terminal by twisting the wires to-gether inserting them into terminal and securely tightening Note a loose wire can disable an entire network section Use twisted-pair cable (unshielded or shielded) to prevent interference
351 WattNode Pulse OutputsUse the following directions when connecting the pulse outputs of a WattNode Pulse meter
The outputs P1 P2 and P3 should not be connected to negative voltages or to voltages greater than +60 VdcFor long distances use shielded twisted-pair cable to prevent interference With shielded cable connect the shield to earth ground at one endIf you need to add pull-up resistors see the Operating and Reference Guide
The WattNode pulse outputs may be connected to most devices that expect a contact closure or relay input See the Operating and Reference Guide for more complex connection information
Common (or GND)Input (Positive)
Monitoring Equipment or Display
Input (Positive)Input (Positive)
P1P2P3
COM
Out
put
WATTNODE
The following table shows the pulse output channel assignments for the stan-dard bidirectional outputs and for the optional per-phase outputs (Option P3)
PulseOutputs
P1Output
P2Output
P3Output
Standard Outputs - Bidirectional
Positive energy - all phases
Negative energy - all phases Not used
Option P3Per-Phase Outputs
Phase A positive energy
Phase B positive energy
Phase C positive energy
Option PVPhotovoltaic
Phase A+B pos energy
Phase A+B neg energy
Phase C positive energy
Option DPO Dual Positive Outputs
Positive energy - all phases
Negative energy - all phases
Positive energy - all phases
Table 2 Pulse Output Assignments
4
4 Operation41 Initial ConfigurationFor WattNode Pulse meters the only required configuration will be in the data logger or pulse counting device which must be configured with the correct scale factors to convert from pulses to energy (kWh)
For details on configuring the WattNode meter see the appropriate Operating and Reference Guide for your model
The meter does not include a display or buttons so it is not possible to configure or monitor the meter directly other than the basic LED diagnostics described below
42 Power Status LEDsThe three status LEDs on the front of the meter can help indicate correct opera-tion The ldquoArdquo ldquoBrdquo and ldquoCrdquo on the diagrams indicate the three phases
421 Normal StartupThe meter displays the following startup sequence whenever power is first applied
10sec10sec10sec
GreenYellowRed
GreenYellowRed
GreenYellowRed
CBA
422 Positive PowerAny phase with the LEDs flashing green is indicating normal positive power
Green Off Green Off Green Off
423 No PowerAny phase with a solid green LED indicates no power but line voltage is pres-ent
Green
424 No VoltageAny phase LED that is off indicates no voltage on that phase
Off
425 Negative PowerRed flashing indicates negative power for that phase Reversed CTs swapped CT wires or CTs not matched with line voltage phases can cause this
Red Off Red Off Red OffC
426 Overvoltage WarningThe following indicates that the line voltage is too high for this model Discon-nect power immediately Check the line voltages and the meter ratings (in the white box on the label)
10sec
GR GR GR GR GR GR
GR GR GR GR GR GR
GR GR GR GR GR GRCBA
427 Meter Not OperatingIf none of the LEDs light then check that the correct line voltages are applied to the meter If the voltages are correct call customer service for assistance
Off
Off
Off
CBA
428 WattNode ErrorIf the meter experiences an internal error it will light all LEDs red for three or more seconds If you see this happen repeatedly return the meter for service
30sec
Red
Red
Red
CBA
For other LED patterns see the Operating and Reference Guide or contact support for assistance
43 MonitoringThe meter does not include a display or buttons so it is not possible to oper-ate the meter directly The following is a brief overview of the possible remote monitoring
The WattNode Pulse models uses optoisolator outputs that simulate contact closures These are generally connected to a datalogger or similar monitor-ing device which can count pulses to measure energy See the Operating and Reference Guide for equations to scale pulse counts and frequencies to energy and power
44 Maintenance and RepairThe WattNode meter requires no maintenance It is not user serviceable and there are no replaceable parts except the pluggable screw terminals There are no diagnostic tests that can be performed by the user other than checking for errors via the status LEDs
In the event of any failure the meter must be returned for service (contact CCS for an RMA) For a new installation follow the diagnostic and troubleshooting instructions in the Operating and Reference Guide before returning the meter for service to ensure that the problem is not connection related
The WattNode meter should not normally need to be cleaned but if cleaning is desired power must be disconnected first and a dry or damp cloth or brush should be used
5 SpecificationsThe following is a list of basic specifications For extended specifications see the Operating and Reference Guide
51 AccuracyThe following accuracy specifications do not include errors caused by the cur-rent transformer accuracy or phase angle errors ldquoRated currentrdquo is the current that generates a CT output voltage of 033333 Vac
511 Normal OperationLine voltage -20 to +15 of nominalPower factor 10Frequency 48 - 62 HzAmbient Temperature 23degC plusmn 5degCCT Current 5 - 100 of rated current
Accuracy plusmn05 of reading
For accuracy at other conditions see the reference guide
52 MeasurementUpdate Rate Internally all measurements are performed at this rate
~200 millisecondsStart-Up Time the meter starts measuring powerenergy and reporting mea-surements or generating pulses this long after AC voltage is applied
~500 millisecondsDefault CT Phase Angle Correction 00 degrees
5
53 Models and Electrical SpecificationsThe service ldquo3Y-208rdquo applies to the model WNB-3Y-208-P RWNB-3Y-208-Pand so on for the other service types
Service Nominal Vac Line-to-Neutral
Nominal Vac Line-to-Line Phases Wires
3Y-208 120 208ndash240 1 - 3 2 - 43Y-400 230 400 1 - 3 2 - 43Y-480 277 480 1 - 3 2 - 43Y-600 347 600 1 - 3 2 - 43D-240 120 208ndash240 1 - 3 2 - 43D-400 230 400 3 2 - 43D-480 277 480 3 2 - 4
Table 3 WattNode Model Service Types
for measuring wye circuits In the absence of neutral voltages are measured with respect to ground Delta WattNode models use the phase A and phase B connections for power
Over-Voltage Limit 125 of nominal Vac Extended over-voltage operation can damage the WattNode and void the warranty
Over-Current Limit 120 of rated current Exceeding 120 of rated cur-rent will not harm the WattNode meter but the current and power will not be measured accurately
Maximum Surge 4kV according to EN 61000-4-5Power Consumption The following tables shows maximum volt-amperes the power supply ranges typical power consumption and typical power fac-tor values with all three phases powered at nominal line voltages The power supply draws most of the total power consumed while the measurement circuitry draws 1-10 of the total (6-96 milliwatts per phase depending on the model) Due to the design of the power supply WattNode meters draw slightly more power at 50 Hz
Service Rated VA (1)
Power Supply Range (Vac)
Power Supply Terminals
3Y-208 4 VA 96 ndash 138 N and OslashA3Y-400 4 VA 184 ndash 264 N and OslashA3Y-480 4 VA 222 ndash 318 N and OslashA3Y-600 4 VA 278 ndash 399 N and OslashA3D-240 4 VA 166 ndash 276 OslashA and OslashB3D-400 3 VA 320 ndash 460 OslashA and OslashB3D-480 3 VA 384 ndash 552 OslashA and OslashB
Table 4 Service Volt-Amperes and Power Supply Range(1) Rated VA is the maximum at 115 of nominal Vac at 50 Hz This
is the same as the value that appears on the front label of the meter
Service Real Power (60 Hz)
Real Power (50 Hz)
Power Factor
3Y-208 16 W 18 W 0753Y-400 16 W 18 W 0643Y-480 21 W 24 W 0633Y-600 12 W 12 W 0473D-240 17 W 19 W 0633D-400 14 W 15 W 0473D-480 18 W 22 W 053
Table 5 Power Consumption
Maximum Power Supply Voltage Range -20 to +15 of nominal (see table above) For the 3D-240 service this is -20 of 208 Vac (166 Vac) to +15 of 240 Vac (276 Vac)
Operating Frequencies 5060 HzMeasurement Category CAT IIIMeasurement category III is for measurements performed in the building installation Examples are measurements on distribution boards circuit-breakers wiring including cables bus-bars junction boxes switches sock-et-outlets in the fixed installation and equipment for industrial use and some
other equipment for example stationary motors with permanent connection to the fixed installation
The line voltage measurement terminals on the meter are rated for the fol-lowing CAT III voltages (these ratings appear on the front label)
Service CAT III Voltage Rating3Y-2083D-240 240 Vac
3Y-4003D-400 400 Vac
3Y-4803D-480 480 Vac
3Y-600 600 VacTable 6 WattNode CAT III Ratings
Current Transformer InputsNominal Input Voltage (At CT Rated Current) 033333 Vac RMSAbsolute Maximum Input Voltage 50 Vac RMSInput Impedance at 5060 Hz
54 Pulse OutputsFull-Scale Pulse FrequenciesStandard (All Models) 400 HzCustom (Bidirectional) 001 Hz to 600 HzCustom (Option P3 Option PV Option DPO) 001 Hz to 150 Hz
Absolute Maximum Pulse Output FrequenciesStandard Models (Bidirectional) 900 HzOption P3 Option PV Option DPO 200 Hz
Output Waveform square-wave ~50 duty cycleOption PW programmable pulse ON (closed or conducting period 1 to 65535 milliseconds
Optoisolator OutputsIsolation 5000 Vac RMSBreakdown Voltage (collectorndashemitter) 60 V (exceeding this may destroy the outputs)
Maximum Reverse Voltage (emitter-collector) 5 Vdc (exceeding may destroy the outputs)
Maximum Leakage (OFF) Current (collectorndashemitter) 100 nARecommended Load Current (collectorndashemitter)mA (milliamp)
Maximum Load Current ~8 mA
55 CertificationsSafety
UL 61010-1CANCSA-C222 No 61010-1-04IEC 61010-1
Immunity EN 61326 2002 (Industrial Locations)Electrostatic Discharge EN 61000-4-2Radiated RF Immunity EN 61000-4-3Electrical Fast Transient Burst EN 61000-4-4Surge Immunity EN 61000-4-5Conducted RF Immunity EN 61000-4-6Voltage Dips Interrupts EN 61000-4-11
EmissionsFCC Part 15 Class BEN 55022 1994 Class B
56 EnvironmentalOperating Temperature -30degC to +55degC (-22degF to 131degF)Altitude Up to 2000 m (6560 ft)Operating Humidity non-condensing 5 to 90 relative humidity (RH) up to 40degC decreasing linearly to 50 RH at 55degC
Pollution POLLUTION DEGREE 2 - Normally only non-conductive pollu-tion occasionally a temporary conductivity caused by condensation must be expected
Indoor Use Suitable for indoor use
6
Outdoor Use Suitable for outdoor use if mounted inside an electrical enclo-sure (Hammond Mfg Type EJ Series) rated NEMA 3R or 4 (IP 66)
57 MechanicalEnclosure High impact ABSPC plasticFlame Resistance Rating UL 94V-0 IEC FV-0Size 153 mm times 85 mm times 38 mm (602 in times 335 in times 150 in)
Connectors Euroblock pluggable terminal blocksGreen up to 12 AWG (25 mm2) 600 VBlack up to 12 AWG (25 mm2) 300 V
58 FCC InformationThis equipment has been tested and complies with the limits for a Class B digital device pursuant to part 15 of the FCC Rules Operation is subject to the following two conditions (1) This device may not cause harmful interference and (2) this device must accept any interference received including interfer-ence that may cause undesired operation
The FCC limits are designed to provide reasonable protection against harmful interference in a residential installation This equipment generates uses and can radiate radio frequency energy and if not installed and used in accordance with the instructions may cause harmful interference to radio communications However there is no guarantee that interference will not occur in a particular installation If this equipment does cause harmful interference to radio or televi-sion reception which can be determined by turning the equipment off and on the user is encouraged to try to correct the interference by one or more of the following measures
Reorient or relocate the receiving antennaIncrease the separation between the equipment and receiverConnect the equipment into an outlet on a circuit different from that to which the receiver is connectedConsult the dealer or an experienced radioTV technician for help
59 WarrantyAll products sold by Continental Control Systems LLC (CCS) are guaranteed against defects in material and workmanship for a period of five years from the original date of shipment CCSrsquos responsibility is limited to repair replace-ment or refund any of which may be selected by CCS at its sole discretion CCS reserves the right to substitute functionally equivalent new or serviceable used parts
WattNode Logger models include a lithium battery to preserve the date and time during power failures CCS will replace or provide a replacement battery at no charge if the battery fails within five years from the original date of shipment
This warranty covers only defects arising under normal use and does not in-clude malfunctions or failures resulting from misuse neglect improper appli-cation improper installation water damage acts of nature lightning product modifications alterations or repairs by anyone other than CCS
Except as set forth herein CCS makes no warranties expressed or im-plied and CCS disclaims and negates all other warranties including without limitation implied warranties of merchantability and fitness for a particular purpose
510 Limitation of LiabilityIn no event shall CCS be liable for any indirect special incidental puni-tive or consequential damages of any kind or nature arising out of the sale or use of its products whether such liability is asserted on the basis of contract tort or otherwise including without limitation lost profits even if CCS has been advised of the possibility of such damages
Customer acknowledges that CCSrsquos aggregate liability to Customer relat-ing to or arising out of the sale or use of CCSrsquos products whether such liability is asserted on the basis of contract tort or otherwise shall not exceed the purchase price paid by Customer for the products in respect of which damages are claimed Customer specifically acknowledges that CCSrsquos price for the products is based upon the limitations of CCSrsquos liability set forth herein
copy2009-2013 Continental Control Systems LLCDocument Number WN-Inst-P-101Revision Date April 18 2013Continental Control Systems LLC3131 Indian Rd Boulder CO 80301 USA(303) 444-7422 httpwwwccontrolsyscombull WattNode is a registered trademark of Continental Control Systems LLC
httpwwwccontrolsyscom Rev V17b
Continental Control Systems LLC
(M5)
WATTNODE reg PULSEInstallation and Operation Manual
WNB-3Y-208-P
WNB-3Y-400-P
WNB-3Y-480-P
WNB-3Y-600-P
WNB-3D-240-P
WNB-3D-400-P
WNB-3D-480-P
2
Information in this document is subject to change without notice
copy2007-2011 Continental Control Systems LLC All rights reserved
Printed in the United States of America
Document Number WNB-P-V17b
Revision Date November 30 2011
Continental Control Systems LLC
3131 Indian Rd Suite A
Boulder CO 80301
(303) 444-7422
FAX (303) 444-2903
E-mail techsupportccontrolsyscom
Web httpwwwccontrolsyscom
WattNode is a registered trademark of Continental Control Systems LLC
FCC InformationThis equipment has been tested and complies with the limits for a Class B digital device pursu-
ant to part 15 of the FCC Rules Operation is subject to the following two conditions (1) This
device may not cause harmful interference and (2) this device must accept any interference
received including interference that may cause undesired operation
The FCC limits are designed to provide reasonable protection against harmful interference in a
residential installation This equipment generates uses and can radiate radio frequency energy
and if not installed and used in accordance with the instructions may cause harmful interfer-
ence to radio communications However there is no guarantee that interference will not occur in
a particular installation If this equipment does cause harmful interference to radio or television
reception which can be determined by turning the equipment off and on the user is encouraged
to try to correct the interference by one or more of the following measures
Reorient or relocate the receiving antenna
Increase the separation between the equipment and receiver
Connect the equipment into an outlet on a circuit different from that to which the receiver is
connected
Consult the dealer or an experienced radioTV technician to help
Contents 3
ContentsOverview 4
Pulse Outputs 4
Diagnostic LEDs 4
Current Transformers 4
Additional Literature 4
Front Label 5
Installation 7Precautions 7
Electrical Service Types 8
Single-Phase Two-Wire with Neutral 8
Single-Phase Three-Wire (Mid-Point Neutral) 9
Single-Phase Two-Wire without Neutral 10
Three-Phase Four-Wire Wye 11
Three-Phase Three-Wire Delta Without Neutral 12
Three-Phase Four-Wire Delta (Wild Leg) 12
Grounded Leg Service 12
Mounting 13
Selecting Current Transformers 14
Connecting Current Transformers 15
Circuit Protection 16
Connecting Voltage Terminals 17
Connecting Pulse Outputs 17
Output Assignments 18
Pull-Up Resistor Selection 19
Installation Summary 19
Installation LED Diagnostics 20
Measurement Troubleshooting 22
Operating Instructions 24Pulse Outputs 24
Power and Energy Computation 25
Power and Energy Equations 27
Maintenance and Repair 29
Specifications 30Models 30
Model Options 30
Accuracy 31
Measurement 32
Pulse Outputs 32
Electrical 33
Certifications 35
Environmental 35
Mechanical 35
Current Transformers 35
Warranty 37Limitation of Liability 37
4 Overview
OverviewCongratulations on your purchase of the WattNodereg Pulse wattwatt-hour transducermeter
It accurately measures energy and power in a compact package The WattNode meter can fit
in existing electric service panels avoiding the costly installation of sub-panels and associated
wiring It is designed for use in demand side management (DSM) sub-metering and energy
monitoring applications The WattNode meter generates pulses proportional to total watt-hours
The pulse rate or frequency is proportional to the instantaneous power Models are available for
single-phase and three-phase wye and delta configurations for voltages from 120 Vac to 600 Vac
at 50 and 60 Hz
Pulse OutputsThe WattNode meter generates pulse outputs using one or more optoisolators (also called
photocouplers) These provide 5000 Vac of electrical isolation The pulse outputs can interface to
monitoring or data logging hardware without concerns about interference ground loops shock
hazard etc
The standard Pulse WattNode meter makes bidirectional power measurements (energy consump-
tion and energy production) It can be used for conventional power and energy measurement as
well as for net metering and photovoltaic (PV) applications
Option P3 - The per-phase measurement option measures one two or three separate
branch circuits with a single meter saving money and space
Option PV - The photovoltaic option measures residential PV systems One WattNode meter
measures the bidirectional total house energy and the PV (or wind) generated energy See
Manual Supplement MS-10 Option PV (Photovoltaic) for details
Options DPO - The dual positive outputs option behaves exactly like the standard bidirec-
tional model but with the addition of a second positive pulse output channel (on the P3
output terminal) This allows you to connect to two devices such as a display and a data
logger See Manual Supplement MS-11 Option DPO (Dual Positive Outputs) for details
See Model Options (p 30) in the Specifications section below for details and more options
Diagnostic LEDsThe Pulse WattNode meter includes three diagnostic LEDsmdashone per phase During normal
operation these LEDs flash on and off with the speed of flashing roughly proportional to the
power on each phase The LEDs flash green for positive power and red for negative power Other
conditions are signaled with different LED patterns See the Installation LED Diagnostics (p 20) section for full details
Current TransformersThe WattNode meter uses solid-core (toroidal) split-core (opening) and bus-bar style current
transformers (CTs) with a full-scale voltage output of 033333 Vac Split-core and bus-bar CTs
are easier to install without disconnecting the circuit being measured Solid-core CTs are more
compact generally more accurate and less expensive but installation requires that you discon-
nect the circuit to install the CTs
Additional Literature WattNode Advanced Pulse - Quick Install Guide
Manual Supplement MS-10 Option PV (Photovoltaic)
Manual Supplement MS-11 Option DPO (Dual Positive Outputs)
Manual Supplement MS-17 Option PW (Pulse Width)
Manual Supplement MS-19 Option SSR (Solid-State Relay)
Overview 5
Front LabelThis section describes all the connections information and symbols that appear on the front
label
Continental Control Systems LLC
WATTNODEreg PULSE
Watthour Meter 3KNN
Boulder CO USA
OslashB CT 0333V~
OslashC CT 0333V~
OslashA CT 0333V~ Status
Status
Status
P1
P2
P3
COMO
utpu
t
OslashB
OslashC
N
OslashAOslash-Oslash 240V~Oslash-Oslash 240V~
240V CAT III240V CAT III
Oslash-N 140V~Oslash-N 140V~
120V~ 50-60Hz 3W2010-09-26SN 59063
WNB-3Y-208-PQ
N
O
P
M
K
U W
HIJ
A
C
B
E
F
G
D
Y Z
R
VT X
S
Figure 1 Front Label Diagram
A WattNode model number The ldquoWNBrdquo indicates a second generation WattNode meter with
diagnostic LEDs and up to three pulse output channels The ldquo3rdquo indicates a three-phase model
The ldquoYrdquo or ldquoDrdquo indicates wye or delta models although delta models can measure wye circuits
(the difference is in the power supply) The ldquo208rdquo (or other value) indicates the nominal line-to-
line voltage Finally the ldquoPrdquo indicates pulse output
B Functional ground This terminal should be connected to earth ground if possible It is not
required for safety grounding but ensures maximum meter accuracy
C Neutral This terminal ldquoNrdquo should be connected to neutral when available
D E F Line voltage inputs These terminals connect to the OslashA (phase A) OslashB (phase B) and
OslashC (phase C) electric mains On wye models the meter is powered from OslashA and N terminals
On delta models the meter is powered from the OslashA and OslashB terminals
G Line voltage measurement ratings This block lists the nominal line-to-neutral ldquoOslash-N 120V~rdquo
voltage line-to-line ldquoOslash-Oslash 240V~rdquo voltage and the rated measurement voltage and category
ldquo240V CAT IIIrdquo for this WattNode model See the Specifications (p 30) for more informa-
tion about the measurement voltage and category
H UL Listing mark This shows the UL and cUL (Canadian) listing mark and number ldquo3KNNrdquo
I FCC Mark This logo indicates that the meter complied with part 15 of the FCC rules
J Status LEDs These are status LEDs used to verify and diagnose meter operation See
Installation LED Diagnostics (p 20) for details
K Current transformer (CT) voltage rating These markings ldquo0333V~rdquo indicate that the meter
must be used with CTs that generate a full-scale output of 0333 Vac (333 millivolts)
6 Overview
M N O Current transformer (CT) inputs These indicate CT screw terminals Note the white
and black circles at the left edge of the label these indicate the color of the CT wire that should
be inserted into the corresponding screw terminal The terminals marked with black circles are
connected together internally
P Pulse output common (COM) This is the common terminal for all three pulse output chan-
nels This terminal should be more negative than the P1 P2 and P3 terminals (unless the
meter was ordered with Option SSR)
Q R S Pulse outputs (P1 P2 P3) These are the pulse output channels Different models use
one two or three channels They should always be positive relative to the common terminal
T Serial number This shows the meter serial number and options if any are selected The
barcode contains the serial number in Code 128C format
U Mains supply rated voltage This is the rated supply voltage for this model The V~ indicates
AC voltage For wye models this voltage should appear between the N and OslashA terminals For
delta models this voltage should appear between the OslashA and OslashB terminals
V Mains frequencies This indicates the rated mains frequencies for the meter
W Maximum rated power This is the maximum power consumption (watts) for this model
X Manufacture date This is the date of manufacture for the WattNode meter
Y Caution risk of electrical shock This symbol indicates that there is a risk of electric shock
when installing and operating the meter if the installation instructions are not followed correctly
Z Attention - consult Manual This symbol indicates that there can be danger when installing
and operating the meter if the installation instructions are not followed correctly
Symbols
Attention -
Consult Installation
and Operation Manual
Read understand and follow all instructions in this Installa-
tion and Operation Manual including all warnings cautions
and precautions before installing and using the product
Caution ndash
Risk of Electrical
Shock
Potential Shock Hazard from Dangerous High Voltage
CE Marking
Complies with the regulations of the European Union for
Product Safety and Electro-Magnetic Compatibility
Low Voltage Directive ndash EN 61010-1 2001
EMC Directive ndash EN 61327 1997 + A11998 + A22001
Installation 7
InstallationPrecautions
DANGER mdash HAZARDOUS VOLTAGESWARNING - These installationservicing instructions are for use by qualified personnel
only To avoid electrical shock do not perform any servicing other than that contained in
the operating instructions unless you are qualified to do so
Always adhere to the following checklist
1) Only qualified personnel or licensed electricians should install the WattNode meter The
mains voltages of 120 Vac to 600 Vac can be lethal
2) Follow all applicable local and national electrical and safety codes
3) Install the meter in an electrical enclosure (panel or junction box) or in a limited access
electrical room
4) Verify that circuit voltages and currents are within the proper range for the meter model
5) Use only UL recognized current transformers (CTs) with built-in burden resistors that gener-
ate 0333 Vac (333 millivolts AC) at rated current Do not use current output (ratio) CTs such as 1 amp or 5 amp output CTs they will destroy the meter and may create a shock hazard See Current Transformers (p 35) for CT maximum input current ratings
6) Ensure that the line voltage inputs to the meter are protected by fuses or circuit breakers (not
needed for the neutral wire) See Circuit Protection (p 16) for details
7) Equipment must be disconnected from the HAZARDOUS LIVE voltages before access
8) The terminal block screws are not insulated Do not contact metal tools to the screw termi-
nals if the circuit is live
9) Do not place more than one line voltage wire in a screw terminal use wire nuts instead You
may use more than one CT wire per screw terminal
10) Before applying power check that all the wires are securely installed by tugging on each wire
11) Do not install the meter where it may be exposed to temperatures below ndash30degC or above
55degC excessive moisture dust salt spray or other contamination The meter requires an
environment no worse than pollution degree 2 (normally only non-conductive pollution
occasionally a temporary conductivity caused by condensation must be expected)
12) Do not drill mounting holes using the meter as a guide the drill chuck can damage the screw
terminals and metal shavings can fall into the connectors causing an arc risk
13) If the meter is installed incorrectly the safety protections may be impaired
8 Installation
Electrical Service TypesBelow is a list of service types with connections and recommended models Note the ground
connection improves measurement accuracy but is not required for safety
Model TypeLine-to- Neutral
Line-to- Line
Electrical Service Types
WNB-3Y-208-P Wye 120 Vac208ndash240
Vac
1 Phase 2 Wire 120V with neutral
1 Phase 3 Wire 120V240V with neutral
3 Phase 4 Wire Wye 120V208V with neutral
WNB-3Y-400-P Wye 230 Vac 400 Vac1 Phase 2 Wire 230V with neutral
3 Phase 4 Wire Wye 230V400V with neutral
WNB-3Y-480-P Wye 277 Vac 480 Vac3 Phase 4 Wire Wye 277V480V with neutral
1 Phase 2 Wire 277V with neutral
WNB-3Y-600-P Wye 347 Vac 600 Vac 3 Phase 4 Wire Wye 347V600V with neutral
WNB-3D-240-PDelta
or Wye
120ndash140
Vac
208ndash240
Vac
1 Phase 2 Wire 208V (no neutral)
1 Phase 2 Wire 240V (no neutral)
1 Phase 3 Wire 120V240V with neutral
3 Phase 3 Wire Delta 208V (no neutral)
3 Phase 4 Wire Wye 120V208V with neutral
3 Phase 4 Wire Delta 120208240V with neutral
WNB-3D-400-PDelta
or Wye230 Vac 400 Vac
3 Phase 3 Wire Delta 400V (no neutral)
3 Phase 4 Wire Wye 230V400V with neutral
WNB-3D-480-PDelta
or Wye277 Vac 480 Vac
3 Phase 3 Wire Delta 480V (no neutral)
3 Phase 4 Wire Wye 277V480V with neutral
3 Phase 4 Wire Delta 240415480V with neutral
The wire count does NOT include ground It only includes neutral (if present) and phase wires
Table 1 WattNode Models
Single-Phase Two-Wire with NeutralThis configuration is most often seen in homes and offices The two conductors are neutral and
line For these models the meter is powered from the N and OslashA terminals
Figure 2 Single-Phase Two-Wire Connection
Ground
WH
ITE
BLA
CK
OslashB CT
OslashC CT
OslashA CT
OslashB
OslashC
N
OslashA
GND or CommonInput or Positive
Monitoring Equip-ment or Display
P1P2P3
COM
Out
put
Status
Status
Status
WATTNODEreg PULSE
WNB-WNB- -P
-P
Line
Neutral
LINE
LOA
D
ShortingJumpers
SourceFace
CurrentTransformer
3Y-xxx
Installation 9
Recommended WattNode ModelsThe following table shows the WattNode models that should be used depending on the line to
neutral voltage
Line to Neutral Voltage WattNode Model120 Vac WNB-3Y-208-P
230 Vac WNB-3Y-400-P
277 Vac WNB-3Y-480-P
Single-Phase Three-Wire (Mid-Point Neutral)This configuration is seen in North American residential and commercial service with 240 Vac for
large appliances The three conductors are a mid-point neutral and two line voltage wires with AC
waveforms 180deg out of phase this results in 120 Vac between either line conductors (phase) and
neutral and 240 Vac (or sometimes 208 Vac) between the two line conductors (phases)
Figure 3 Single-Phase Three-Wire Connection
Recommended WattNode ModelsThe following table shows the WattNode models that can be used If neutral may or may not be
present you should use the WNB-3D-240-P (see Single-Phase Two-Wire without Neutral below) If neutral is present it must be connected for accurate measurements If phase B may
not be present you should use the WNB-3Y-208-P (see Single-Phase Two-Wire with Neutral above)
Meter Power Source WattNode ModelN and OslashA (Neutral and Phase A) WNB-3Y-208-P
OslashA and OslashB (Phase A and Phase B) WNB-3D-240-P
Ground
WH
ITE
BLA
CK
OslashB CT
OslashC CT
OslashA CT
OslashB
OslashC
N
OslashA
GND or CommonInput or Positive
Monitoring Equip-ment or Display
P1P2P3
COM
Out
put
Status
Status
Status
WATTNODEreg PULSE
WNB-WNB- -P
-P
Phase A
Neutral
Phase B
WHITEBLACK
120 Vac240 Vac
120 Vac
LINE
LOA
D
ShortingJumper Source
Faces
CurrentTransformers
3Y-2083D-240
10 Installation
Single-Phase Two-Wire without NeutralThis is seen in residential and commercial service with 208 to 240 Vac for large appliances The
two conductors have AC waveforms 120deg or 180deg out of phase Neutral is not used For this
configuration the meter is powered from the OslashA and OslashB (phase A and phase B) terminals
For best accuracy we recommend connecting the N (neutral) terminal to the ground terminal
This will not cause ground current to flow because the neutral terminal does not power the meter
Figure 4 Single-Phase Two-Wire without Neutral Connection
Recommended WattNode ModelThis configuration is normally measured with the following WattNode model
Line-to-Line Voltage WattNode Model208 - 240 Vac WNB-3D-240-P
If neutral is available you may also use the WNB-3Y-208-P model If you use the WNB-3Y-208-P
you will need to hook up the meter as shown in section Single-Phase Three-Wire (Mid-Point Neutral) and connect neutral You will need two CTs
If one of the conductors (phase A or phase B) is grounded see Grounded Leg Service below for
recommendations
Ground
WH
ITE
BLA
CK
OslashB CT
OslashC CT
OslashA CT
OslashB
OslashC
N
OslashA
GND or CommonInput or Positive
Monitoring Equip-ment or Display
P1P2P3
COM
Out
put
Status
Status
Status
WATTNODEreg PULSE
WNB-WNB- -P
-P
Phase A
Phase B
WHITEBLACK
208-240 Vac
LINE
LOA
D
ShortingJumper Source
Faces
CurrentTransformers
3D-240
Installation 11
Three-Phase Four-Wire WyeThis is typically seen in commercial and industrial environments The conductors are neutral and
three power lines with AC waveforms shifted 120deg between phases The line voltage conductors
may be connected to the OslashA OslashB and OslashC terminals in any order so long as the CTs are con-nected to matching phases It is important that you connect N (neutral) for accurate measure-
ments For wye ldquo-3Yrdquo models the meter is powered from the N and OslashA terminals
Figure 5 Three-Phase Four-Wire Wye Connection
Recommended WattNode ModelsThe following table shows the WattNode models that should be used depending on the line-to-
neutral voltage and line-to-line voltage (also called phase-to-phase voltage)
Line-to-Neutral Voltage Line-to-Line Voltage WattNode Model120 Vac 208 Vac WNB-3Y-208-P
230 Vac 400 Vac WNB-3Y-400-P
277 Vac 480 Vac WNB-3Y-480-P
347 Vac 600 Vac WNB-3Y-600-P
Note you may also use the following delta WattNode models to measure three-phase four-wire
wye circuits The only difference is that delta WattNode models are powered from OslashA and OslashB
rather than N and OslashA If neutral is present it must be connected for accurate measurements
Line-to-Neutral Voltage Line-to-Line Voltage WattNode Model120 - 140 Vac 208 - 240 Vac WNB-3D-240-P
230 Vac 400 Vac WNB-3D-400-P
277 Vac 480 Vac WNB-3D-480-P
Ground
WH
ITE
BLA
CK
OslashB CT
OslashC CT
OslashA CT
OslashB
OslashC
N
OslashA
GND or CommonInput or Positive
Monitoring Equip-ment or Display
P1P2P3
COM
Out
put
Status
Status
Status
WATTNODEreg PULSE
WNB-WNB- -P
-P
Neutral
Phase A
Phase B
Phase C
LOA
D
WHITEBLACK
WH
ITE
BLA
CK
LINE
SourceFaces
CurrentTransformers
3Y-xxx3D-xxx
12 Installation
Three-Phase Three-Wire Delta Without NeutralThis is typically seen in manufacturing and industrial environments There is no neutral wire just
three power lines with AC waveforms shifted 120deg between the successive phases With this
configuration the line voltage wires may be connected to the OslashA OslashB and OslashC terminals in any
order so long as the CTs are connected to matching phases For these models the meter is
powered from the OslashA and OslashB (phase A and phase B) terminals Note all delta WattNode models
provide a neutral connection N which allows delta WattNode models to measure both wye and
delta configurations
For best accuracy we recommend connecting the N (neutral) terminal to earth ground This will
not cause ground current to flow because the neutral terminal is not used to power the meter
Figure 6 Three-Phase Three-Wire Delta Connection
Recommended WattNode ModelsThe following table shows the WattNode models that should be used depending on the line-to-
line voltage (also called phase-to-phase voltage)
Line-to-Line Voltage WattNode Model208 - 240 Vac WNB-3D-240-P
400 Vac WNB-3D-400-P
480 Vac WNB-3D-480-P
Three-Phase Four-Wire Delta (Wild Leg)The uncommon four-wire delta electrical service is a three-phase delta service with a center-tap
on one of the transformer windings to create a neutral for single-phase loads
See httpwwwccontrolsyscomwFour_Wire_Delta_Circuits for details
Grounded Leg ServiceIn rare cases with delta services or single-phase two-wire services without neutral one of the
phases may be grounded You can check for this by using a multimeter (DMM) to measure the
voltage between each phase and ground If you see a reading between 0 and 5 Vac that leg is
probably grounded (sometimes called a ldquogrounded deltardquo)
Ground
WH
ITE
BLA
CK
OslashB CT
OslashC CT
OslashA CT
OslashB
OslashC
N
OslashA
GND or CommonInput or Positive
Monitoring Equip-ment or Display
P1P2P3
COMO
utpu
t
Status
Status
Status
WATTNODEreg PULSE
WNB-WNB- -P
-P
Phase A
Phase B
Phase C
WHITEBLACK
WH
ITE
BLA
CK
LINE
LOA
D
SourceFaces
CurrentTransformers
3D-xxx
Installation 13
The WattNode meter will correctly measure services with a grounded leg but the measured
power for the grounded phase will be zero and the status LED will not light for whichever phase is
grounded because the voltage is near zero
For optimum accuracy with a grounded leg you should also connect the N (neutral) terminal
on the meter to the ground terminal this will not cause any ground current to flow because the
neutral terminal is not used to power the meter If you have a grounded leg configuration you can
save money by removing the CT for the grounded phase since all the power will be measured on
the non-grounded phases We recommend putting the grounded leg on the OslashB or OslashC inputs and
attaching a note to the meter indicating this configuration for future reference
MountingProtect the WattNode meter from moisture direct sunlight high temperatures and conductive
pollution (salt spray metal dust etc) If moisture or conductive pollution may be present use an
IP 66 or NEMA 4 rated enclosure to protect the meter Due to its exposed screw terminals the
meter must be installed in an electrical service panel an enclosure or an electrical room The
meter may be installed in any orientation directly to a wall of an electrical panel or junction box
Drawn to Scale
153 mm (602)
38 mm (150) High
Oslash 98 mm (0386)
Oslash 51 mm (0200)
1366 mm (5375)
851 mm
(335)
Figure 7 WattNode Meter Dimensions
The WattNode meter has two mounting holes spaced 5375 inches (137 mm) apart (center to
center) These mounting holes are normally obscured by the detachable screw terminals Remove
the screw terminals by pulling outward while rocking from end to end The meter or Figure 7
may be used as a template to mark mounting hole positions but do not drill the holes with the meter in the mounting position because the drill may damage the connectors and leave drill
shavings in the connectors
You may mount the meter with the supplied 8 self-tapping sheet metal screws using 18 inch
pilot hole (32 mm) Or you may use hook-and-loop fasteners If you use screws avoid over-tight-
ening which can crack the case If you donrsquot use the supplied screws the following sizes should
work (bold are preferred) use washers if the screws could pull through the mounting holes
14 Installation
Selecting Current TransformersThe rated full-scale current of the CTs should normally be chosen somewhat above the maximum
current of the circuit being measured (see Current Crest Factor below for more details) In some
cases you might select CTs with a lower rated current to optimize accuracy at lower current
readings Take care that the maximum allowable current for the CT can not be exceeded without
tripping a circuit breaker or fuse see Current Transformers (p 35)
We only offer CTs that measure AC current not DC current Significant DC current can saturate
the CT magnetic core reducing the AC accuracy Most loads only have AC current but some rare
loads draw DC current which can cause measurement errors See our website for more informa-
tion httpwwwccontrolsyscomwDC_Current_and_Half-Wave_Rectified_Loads
CTs can measure lower currents than they were designed for by passing the wire through the
CT more than once For example to measure currents up to 1 amp with a 5 amp CT loop the
wire through the CT five times The CT is now effectively a 1 amp CT instead of a 5 amp CT The
effective current rating of the CT is the labeled rating divided by the number of times that the wire
passes through the CT
If you are using the measurement phases of the WattNode (OslashA OslashB and OslashC) to measure different
circuits (as with Option P3) you can use CTs with different rated current on the different phases
Current Crest FactorThe term ldquocurrent crest factorrdquo is used to describe the ratio of the peak current to the RMS cur-
rent (the RMS current is the value reported by multimeters and the WattNode meter) Resistive
loads like heaters and incandescent lights have nearly sinusoidal current waveforms with a crest
factor near 14 Power factor corrected loads such as electronic lighting ballasts and computer
power supplies typically have a crest factor of 14 to 15 Battery chargers VFD motor controls
and other nonlinear loads can have current crest factors ranging from 20 to 30 and even higher
High current crest factors are usually not an issue when metering whole building loads but can
be a concern when metering individual loads with high current crest factors If the peak current is
too high the meterrsquos CT inputs can clip causing inaccurate readings
This means that when measuring loads with high current crest factors you may want to be
conservative in selecting the CT rated current For example if your load draws 10 amps RMS but
has a crest factor of 30 then the peak current is 30 amps If you use a 15 amp CT the meter will
not be able to accurately measure the 30 amp peak current Note this is a limitation of the meter
measurement circuitry not the CT
The following graph shows the maximum RMS current for accurate measurements as a function
of the current waveform crest factor The current is shown as a percentage of CT rated current
For example if you have a 10 amp load with a crest factor of 20 the maximum CT current is
approximately 85 Eighty-five percent of 15 amps is 1275 which is higher than 10 amps so
your measurements should be accurate On the other hand if you have a 40 amp load with a
crest factor of 40 the maximum CT current is 42 Forty-two percent of a 100 amp CT is 42
amps so you would need a 100 amp CT to accurately measure this 40 amp load
Screw Style USA UTS Sizes Metric SizesPan Head or Round Head 6 8 10 M35 M4 M5
Truss Head 6 8 M35 M4
Hex Washer Head (integrated washer) 6 8 M35 M4Hex Head (add washer) 6 8 10 M35 M4 M5
Table 2 Mounting Screws
Installation 15
80
100
120
140
0
20
40
60
80
10 15 20 25 30 35 40Crest Factor
Max
imum
Acc
urat
e C
T C
urre
nt(P
erce
nt o
f Rat
ed C
urre
nt)
Figure 8 Maximum CT Current vs Crest Factor
You frequently wonrsquot know the crest factor for your load In this case itrsquos generally safe to assume
the crest factor will fall in the 14 to 25 range and select CTs with a rated current roughly 150 of
the expected RMS current So if you expect to be measuring currents up to 30 amps select a 50
amp CT
Connecting Current Transformers Use only UL recognized current transformers (CTs) with built-in burden resistors that generate
033333 Vac (33333 millivolts AC) at rated current See Current Transformers (p 35) for
the maximum input current ratings
Do not use ratio (current output) CTs such as 1 amp or 5 amp output CTs they will destroy
the meter and present a shock hazard These are commonly labelled with a ratio like 1005
Find the arrow or label ldquoTHIS SIDE TOWARD SOURCErdquo on the CT and face toward the
current source generally the utility meter or the circuit breaker for branch circuits If CTs are
mounted backwards or with their white and black wires reversed the measured power will be
negative The diagnostic LEDs indicates negative power with flashing red LEDs
Be careful to match up the current transformers to the voltage phases being measured Make
sure the OslashA CT is measuring the line voltage connected to OslashA and the same for phases B
and C Use the supplied colored labels or tape to identify the wires
To prevent magnetic interference the CTs on different phases should be separated by 1 inch
(25 mm) The line voltage conductors for each phase should be separated by at least 1 inch
(25 mm) from each other and from neutral
For best accuracy the CT opening should not be much larger than the conductor If the CT
opening is much larger position the conductor in the center of the CT opening
Because CT signals are susceptible to interference we recommend keeping the CT wires
short and cutting off any excess length It is generally better to install the meter near the line
voltage conductors instead of extending the CT wires However you may extend the CT wires
by 300 feet (100 m) or more by using shielded twisted-pair cable and by running the CT wires
away from high current and line voltage conductors
OPTIONAL if you see spurious readings on unused phases jumper the unused CT inputs
To connect CTs pass the wire to be measured through the CT and connect the CT to the meter
Always remove power before disconnecting any live wires Put the line conductors through
the CTs as shown in the section Electrical Service Types (p 8) You may measure gener-
ated power by treating the generator as the source
16 Installation
Circuit ProtectionThe WattNode meter is considered ldquopermanently connected equipmentrdquo because it does not
use a conventional power cord that can be easily unplugged Permanently connected equip-ment must have overcurrent protection and be installed with a means to disconnect the equipment
A switch disconnect or circuit breaker may be used to disconnect the meter and must be
as close as practical to the meter If a switch or disconnect is used then there must also be a
fuse or circuit breaker of appropriate rating protecting the meter
WattNode meters only draw 10-30 milliamps CCS recommends using circuit breakers or
fuses rated for between 05 amps and 20 amps and rated for the line voltages and the cur-
rent interrupting rating required
The circuit breakers or fuses must protect the ungrounded supply conductors (the terminals
labeled OslashA OslashB and OslashC) If neutral is also protected (this is rare) then the overcurrent protec-
tion device must interrupt neutral and the supply conductors simultaneously
Any switches or disconnects should have at least a 1 amp rating and must be rated for the
line voltages
The circuit protection disconnect system must meet IEC 60947-1 and IEC 60947-3 as well
as all national and local electrical codes
The line voltage connections should be made with wire rated for use in a service panel or
junction box with a voltage rating sufficient for the highest voltage present CCS recommends
14 or 12 AWG (15 mm2 or 25 mm2) stranded wire rated for 300 or 600 volts Solid wire may
be used but must be routed carefully to avoid putting excessive stress on the screw terminal
The WattNode meter has an earth connection which should be connected for maximum
accuracy However this earth connection is not used for safety (protective) earthing
For solid-core CTs disconnect the line voltage conductor to install it through the CT opening
Split-core and bus-bar CTs can be opened for installation around a wire by puling the removable
section straight away from the rest of the CT or unhooking the latch it may require a strong pull
Some CT models include thumb-screws to secure the opening The removable section may fit
only one way so match up the steel core pieces when closing the CT If the CT seems to jam and
will not close the steel core pieces are probably not aligned correctly DO NOT FORCE together
Instead reposition or rock the removable portion until the CT closes without excessive force A
nylon cable tie can be secured around the CT to prevent inadvertent opening
Some split-core CT models have flat mating surfaces When installing this type of CT make sure
that mating surfaces are clean Any debris between the mating surfaces will increase the gap
decreasing accuracy
Next connect the CT lead wires to the meter terminals labeled OslashA CT OslashB CT and OslashC CT Route
the twisted black and white wires from the CT to the meter We recommend cutting off any
excess length to reduce the risk of interference Strip 14 inch (6 mm) of insulation off the ends of
the CT leads and connect to the six position black screw terminal block Connect each CT lead
with the white wire aligned with the white dot on the label and the black wire aligned with the
black dot Note the order in which the phases are connected as the voltage phases must match
the current phases for accurate power measurement
Finally record the CT rated current as part of the installation record for each meter If the conduc-
tors being measured are passed through the CTs more than once then the recorded rated CT
current is divided by the number of times that the conductor passes through the CT
Installation 17
Connecting Voltage TerminalsAlways turn off or disconnect power before connecting the voltage inputs to the meter Con-
nect each phase voltage to the appropriate input on the green terminal block also connect
ground and neutral (if required)
The voltage inputs to the meter do not need to be powered from to the same branch circuit as
the load being monitored In other words if you have a three-phase panel with a 100 A three-pole
breaker powering a motor that you wish to monitor you can power the meter (or several meters)
from a separate 20 A three-pole breaker installed in the same or even adjacent panel so long as
the load and voltage connections are supplied from the same electric service
The green screw terminals handle wire up to 12 AWG (25 mm2) Strip the wires to expose 14rdquo (6
mm) of bare copper When wiring the meter do not put more than one wire under a screw If you
need to distribute power to other meters use wire nuts or a power distribution block The section
Electrical Service Types (p 8) shows the proper connections for the different meter models
and electrical services Verify that the voltage line phases match the CT phases
If there is any doubt that the meter voltage rating is correct for the circuit being measured unplug
the green terminal block (to protect the meter) turn on the power and use a voltmeter to compare
the voltages (probe the terminal block screws) to the values in the white box on the meter front
label After testing plug in the terminal block making sure that is pushed in all the way
The WattNode meter is powered from the voltage inputs OslashA (phase A) to N (neutral) for wye
ldquo-3Yrdquo models or OslashA to OslashB for delta ldquo-3Drdquo models If the meter is not receiving at least 80 of the
nominal line voltage it may stop operating Since the meter consumes a small amount of power
itself (typically 1-3 watts) you may wish to power the meter from a separate circuit or place the
current transformers downstream of the meter so its power consumption is not measured
For best accuracy always connect the N (neutral) terminal on the meter If you are using a delta
meter and the circuit has no neutral then jumper the earth ground to the N (neutral) terminal
When power is first applied to the meter check that the LEDs behave normally (see Installa-tion LED Diagnostics (p 20) below) if you see the LEDs flashing red-green-red-green then
disconnect the power immediately This indicates the line voltage is too high for this model
10sec
GR GR GR GR GR GR
GR GR GR GR GR GR
GR GR GR GR GR GRCBA
Figure 9 WattNode LED Overvoltage Warning
Connecting Pulse Outputs The outputs P1 P2 and P3 should not be connected to negative voltages (except with
Option SSR) or to voltages greater than +60 Vdc
The recommended maximum current through the pulse output optoisolators is 5 mA
although they will generally switch 8-10 mA If you need to switch higher currents contact us
about Option SSR (solid-state relay) see Specifications - Option SSR Outputs (p 33)
The outputs are isolated (5000 Vac RMS) from dangerous voltages so you can connect them
with the meter powered The outputs are also isolated from the meterrsquos earth ground and
neutral connections
If the output wiring is located near line voltage wiring use wires or cables rated for the high-
est voltage present generally 300V or 600V rated wire
If this cable will be in the presence of bare conductors such as bus-bars it should be double
insulated or jacketed
When wiring over long distances use shielded twisted-pair cable to prevent interference
18 Installation
The pulse output channels are the collector and emitter of an optoisolator transistor (also called
a photocoupler) controlled by the meterrsquos pulse stream (see Option SSR Outputs (p 33) for
solid-state relay outputs) These outputs may be connected to most data monitoring devices that
expect a contact closure or relay input data loggers energy management systems etc Most of
these devices provide excitation voltage with internal pull-up resistors If your device does not the
following schematic illustrates connecting pull-up resistors on all three optoisolator outputs with a
pull-up voltage of 5 Vdc
5V
Rpullup Rpullup
P1
P2
P3
COM
RpullupWATTNODE
Figure 10 Optoisolator Outputs
The meter can have from one to three pulse output channels All three output channels share the
common COM or ground connection Each output channel has its own positive output connec-
tion labeled P1 P2 and P3 (tied to the transistor collectors)
Output AssignmentsThe following table shows the pulse output channel assignments for the standard bidirectional
output model and different options See Manual Supplement MS-10 for details about Option PV
and Manual Supplement MS-11 for details about Option DPO
WattNode Outputs P1 Output P2 Output P3 OutputStandard
Bidirectional Outputs
Positive real energy
(all phases)
Negative real energy
(all phases)
Not used
Option P3 Per-Phase Outputs
Phase A positive
real energy
Phase B positive
real energy
Phase C positive
real energy
Option PV Photovoltaic
Phases A+B positive
real energy
Phases A+B negative
real energy
Phase C positive
real energy
Option DPO Dual Positive Outputs
Positive real energy
(all phases)
Negative real energy
(all phases)
Positive real energy
(all phases)
Table 3 Pulse Output Assignments
Note we use the terms ldquopositiverdquo and ldquonegativerdquo but other common terms are ldquoproductionrdquo and
ldquoconsumptionrdquo You can wire the meter so that positive energy corresponds to either production
or consumption depending on your application
Installation 19
Pull-Up Resistor SelectionFor standard WattNode meters with the normal 400 Hz full-scale frequency pull-up resistor
values between 10kΩ and 100kΩ work well You may use values of 10MΩ or higher to reduce
power consumption for battery powered equipment Note pull-up resistor values of 10MΩ or
higher will make the pulse output signal more susceptible to interference so you may want to
keep the wiring short use shielded cable and avoid running the pulse signal near AC wiring
The following table lists pull-up resistor values (in ohms kilo-ohms and mega-ohms) to use
with the pulse output channels particularly if you have ordered a model with a pulse frequency
different than 400 Hz For each configuration the table lists a recommended value followed by
minimum and maximum resistor values These values typically result in a pulse waveform rise
time (from 20 to 80 of the pull-up voltage) of less than 10 of the total pulse period The fall
time is roughly constant in the 2 to 10 microsecond range Lower resistance will result in faster
switching and increase the current flow If your frequency isnrsquot in the table use the next higher
frequency or interpolate between two values
Full-Scale Pulse
Frequency
Pull-up to 30 Vdc Recommended
(Min-Max)
Pull-up to 50 Vdc Recommended
(Min-Max)
Pull-up to 12 Vdc Recommended
(Min-Max)
Pull-up to 24 Vdc Recommended
(Min-Max)1 Hz 470kΩ (600Ω-47M) 470kΩ (10k-56M) 470kΩ (24k-75M) 10MΩ (47k-91M)
4 Hz 100kΩ (600Ω-12M) 100kΩ (10k-16M) 100kΩ (24k-22M) 200kΩ (47k-30M)10 Hz 47kΩ (600Ω-470k) 47kΩ (10k-620k) 47kΩ (24k-910k) 100kΩ (47k-13M)
50 Hz 10kΩ (600Ω-91k) 10kΩ (10k-130k) 20kΩ (24k-200k) 47kΩ (47k-270k)
100 Hz 47kΩ (600Ω-47k) 47kΩ (10k-62k) 10kΩ (24k-100k) 20kΩ (47k-130k)
200 Hz 20kΩ (600Ω-24k) 20kΩ (10k-33k) 47kΩ (24k-47k) 10kΩ (47k-68k)
600 Hz 20kΩ (600Ω-82k) 20kΩ (10k-12k) 47kΩ (24k-16k) 10kΩ (47k-22k)
Table 4 Recommended Pulse Output Pull-up Resistors
When the optoisolator is on (conducting) there is a small voltage drop between the common and
output terminals typically 01 - 04 volts called the saturation voltage This voltage depends on
the current flow through the optoisolator (see Specifications - Optoisolator Outputs (p 32) below for details) To compute the current flow through the optoisolator use the following approxi-
mate equation
Vpullup - The supply voltage for the pull-up resistor (DC volts)
Rpullup - The pull-up resistor resistance (ohms)
Iopto - The approximate current (amps) through the optoisolator when it is on (conducting)
Iopto = Vpullup Rpullup
Installation Summary1) Mount the WattNode meter
2) Turn off power before installing solid-core (non-opening) CTs or making voltage connections
3) Mount the CTs around the line voltage conductors being measured Take care to orient the
CTs facing the source of power
4) Connect the twisted white and black wires from the CT to the six position black terminal
block on the meter matching the wire colors to the white and black dots on the front label
5) Connect the voltage wires including ground and neutral (if present) to the green terminal
block and check that the current (CT) phases match the voltage measurement phases
6) Connect the pulse output terminals of the meter to the monitoring equipment
7) Apply power to the meter
8) Verify that the LEDs light correctly and donrsquot indicate an error condition
20 Installation
Installation LED DiagnosticsThe WattNode meter includes multi-color power diagnostic LEDs for each phase to help verify
correct operation and diagnose incorrect wiring The LEDs are marked ldquoStatusrdquo on the label The
following diagrams and descriptions explain the various LED patterns and their meanings The A
B and C on the left side indicate the phase of the LEDs Values like ldquo10secrdquo and ldquo30secrdquo indi-
cate the time the LEDs are lit in seconds In the diagrams sometimes the colors are abbreviated
R = red G or Grn = green Y = yellow
Normal StartupOn initial power-up the LEDs will all light up in a red
yellow green sequence After this startup sequence the
LEDs will show the status such as Normal Operation
below
Normal OperationDuring normal operation when positive power is measured
on a phase the LED for that phase will flash green Typical
flash rates are shown below
Percent of Full-Scale Power LED Flash Rate Flashes in 10 Seconds100 50 Hz 50
50 36 Hz 36
25 25 Hz 25
10 16 Hz 16
5 11 Hz 11
1 (and lower) 05 Hz 5
Table 5 LED Flash Rates vs Power
Zero PowerFor each phase if line Vac is present but the measured
power is below the minimum that the meter will measure (see
Specifications - Measurement - Creep Limit) the meter will display solid green for that phase
Inactive PhaseIf the meter detects no power and line voltage below 20 of
nominal it will turn off the LED for the phase
Negative PowerIf one or more of the phase LEDs are flashing red it
indicates negative power (power flowing into the grid) on
those phases The rate of flashing indicates magnitude of
negative power (see Table 5 above) This can happen for
the following reasons
This is a bidirectional power measurement application such as a photovoltaic system where
negative power occurs whenever you generate more power than you consume
The current transformer (CT) for this phase was installed backwards on the current carrying
wire or the white and black wires for the CT were reversed at the meter This can be solved
by flipping the CT on the wire or swapping the white and black wires at the meter
In some cases this can also occur if the CT wires are connected to the wrong inputs such
as if the CT wires for phases B and C are swapped
10sec10sec10sec
GreenYellowRed
GreenYellowRed
GreenYellowRed
CBA
Green Off Green Off Green Off
Green
Off
CBA Red Off Red Off Red Off
Red Off Red Off RedOff
Red Off Red Off Red Off
Installation 21
Note if all three LEDs are flashing red and they always turn on and off together like the diagram
for Low Line Voltage below then the meter is experiencing an error or low line voltage not nega-
tive power
Erratic FlashingIf the LEDs are flashing slowly and erratically sometimes
green sometimes red this generally indicates one of the
following
Earth ground is not connected to the meter (the top
connection on the green screw terminal)
Voltage is connected for a phase but the current transformer is not connected or the CT has
a loose connection
In some cases particularly for a circuit with no load this may be due to electrical noise This
is not harmful and can generally be disregarded provided that you are not seeing substantial
measured power when there shouldnrsquot be any Try turning on the load to see if the erratic
flashing stops
To fix this try the following
Make sure earth ground is connected
If there are unused current transformer inputs install a shorting jumper for each unused CT (a
short length of wire connected between the white and black dots marked on the label)
If there are unused voltage inputs (on the green screw terminal) connect them to neutral (if
present) or earth ground (if neutral isnrsquot available)
If you suspect noise may be the problem try moving the meter away from the source of
noise Also try to keep the CT wires as short as possible and cut off excess wire
Meter Not OperatingIt should not be possible for all three LEDs to stay off
when the meter is powered because the phase powering
the meter will have line voltage present Therefore if all
LEDs are off the meter is either not receiving sufficient
line voltage to operate or is malfunctioning and needs to be returned for service Verify that the
voltage on the Vac screw terminals is within plusmn20 of the nominal operating voltages printed in the
white rectangle on the front label
Meter ErrorIf the meter experiences an internal error it will light all
LEDs red for three seconds (or longer) If you see this
happen repeatedly return the meter for service
Bad CalibrationThis indicates that the meter has detected bad calibration
data and must be returned for service
Line Voltage Too HighWhenever the meter detects line voltages over 125 of
normal for one or more phases it will display a fast red
green flashing for the affected phases This is harmless if
it occurs due a momentary surge but if the line voltage is
high continuously the power supply may fail If you see continuous over-voltage flashing disconnect the meter immediately Check that the model
and voltage rating is correct for the electrical service
GrnRedGrn
GreenRed
Grn Red
CBA Off Off Off
Off Off Red
Off Red Off
Off
Off
Off
CBA
30sec
Red
Red
Red
CBA
Yellow
Red
Red
CBA
10sec
GR GR GR GR GR GR
GR GR GR GR GR GR
GR GR GR GR GR GRCBA
22 Installation
Bad Line FrequencyIf the meter detects a power line frequency below 45 Hz
or above 70 Hz it will light all the LEDs yellow for at least
three seconds The LEDs will stay yellow until the line
frequency returns to normal During this time the meter
should continue to accurately measure power This can
occur in the presence of extremely high noise such as if the meter is too close to an unfiltered
variable frequency drive
Low Line VoltageThese LED patterns occur if the line voltage is too low
for the meter to operate correctly and the meter reboots
repeatedly The pattern will be synchronized on all three
LEDs Verify that the voltage on the Vac screw terminals is
not more than 20 lower than the nominal operating volt-
ages printed in the white rectangle on the front label If the
voltages are in the normal range and the meter continues
to display one of these patterns return it for service
30secCBA
Yellow
Yellow
Yellow
10sec
YRed
YRed
YRed
CBA
YRed
YRed
YRed
CBA
R
R
R
R
R
R
R
R
R
R
R
R
R
R
R
R
R
R
10sec
Measurement TroubleshootingIf the WattNode meter does not appear to be operating correctly or generating expected pulses
start by checking the diagnostic LEDs as described in the previous section Installation LED Diagnostics (p 20) Then double check the installation instructions If there are still problems
check the following
No Pulses Make sure the load is turned on
If the LEDs are flashing green then the meter is measuring positive power and should output
pulses on P1 so there may be something wrong with the pulse output connection or you
may need a pull-up resistor see Connecting Pulse Outputs (p 17)
If the LEDs on one or more phases are flashing red then the total power may be negative
in which case the meter wonrsquot generate positive energy pulses If you have a bidirectional
model you can check for negative energy pulses on the P2 output If this is the case check
that the line phases match the CT phases that all the CTs face the source of power and that
the CT white and black wires are connected correctly
If all the LEDs are solid green (or off) then the measured power is below the creep limit
(11500th of full-scale) and the meter will not generate any pulses See Specifications - Creep Limit (p 32)
If the LEDs are flashing green slowly the power may be very low A WattNode meter with a
nominal output frequency of 400 Hz can have a pulse period of several minutes at very low
power levels
If all the LEDs are off then the meter does not have sufficient line voltage to operate or has
malfunctioned Use a DMM (multimeter) to verify that the voltage on the Vac screw terminals
is within -20 +15 of the nominal operating voltage
Incorrect Power or Energy ReadingsThis can be caused by any of the following
An incorrect estimate of expected power or energy readings If possible try to verify the
actual energy power or current with a handheld power meter or current clamp
Installation 23
Incorrect scale factors to convert from pulses to energy and power This is commonly caused
by using the normal scale factors with an Option P3 meter or selecting the wrong row of
column from the tables
Some pulse counting equipment (data loggers etc) counts both rising and falling edges as
pulses resulting in a count that is double the intended value This can normally be corrected
by reconfiguring the device or dividing the scale factor by 20
Some pulse monitoring devices cannot handle fast pulse rates If the pulses occur too close
together some may be missed by the monitoring device Check the specifications of your
monitoring device or contact CCS support for assistance
The CTs are not installed on the correct line phases Verify that the CT phasing matches the
line Vac inputs
The measured current exceeds the CT rating This can saturate CT or the WattNode meter
input circuitry resulting in lower than expected readings If possible use a current clamp to
measure the current and make sure it is below the CT rated amps
The measured current is too small Most current transformers are only specified to meet
their accuracy from 10 to 100 of rated current In practice most CTs work reasonably
well down to 1 of rated current Very low currents may not register properly resulting in low
power or no power reported
Interference from a variable frequency or variable speed drive VFD VSD inverter or the
like Generally these drives should not interfere with the meter but if they are in very close
proximity or if the CT leads are long interference can occur Try moving the meter at least
three feet (one meter) away from any VFDs Use short CT leads if possible NEVER connect
the meter downstream of a VFD the varying line frequency and extreme noise will cause
problems
The CTs may be malfunctioning If possible use a current clamp to verify the current then
use a DMM (multimeter) to measure the AC voltage between the white and black wires from
the CT (leave them connected to the meter during this test) At rated current the CT output
voltage should equal 0333 Vac (333 millivolts AC) At lower currents the voltage should scale
linearly so at 20 of rated current the output voltage should be 020 0333 = 00666 Vac
(666 millivolts AC)
The meter is not functioning correctly if possible swap the meter for another unit of the
same model
24 Operating Instructions
Operating InstructionsPulse Outputs
The WattNode meter generates pulse outputs using one or more optoisolators (also called
photocouplers) These provide 5000 Vac of isolation using an LED and a photo-transistor This
allows the meter to be interfaced to monitoring or data logging hardware without concerns about
interference ground loops shock hazard etc
Depending on the options selected the Pulse WattNode meter can generate full-scale pulses at
output frequencies ranging from less than 1 Hz to 600 Hz The standard full-scale pulse output
frequency is 400 Hz The standard model provides two pulse streams for measuring bidirectional
power With Option P3 there are three pulse channels for independently measuring each phase
or three single-phase circuits
The pulse outputs are approximately square-waves with equal on and off periods The frequency
of pulses is proportional to the measured power When the measured power is constant the
pulse frequency is constant and the output is an exact square-wave If the power is increasing
or decreasing the output waveform will not be a perfect square-wave as the on and off periods
are getting longer or shorter If you need a fixed or minimum pulse duration (closed period) see
Manual Supplement MS-17 Option PW (Pulse Width)
We define a ldquopulserdquo as a full cycle including both an Open Closed and an Closed Open
transition You can choose either a rising or falling edge to start a pulse the end of the pulse will
be the next matching edge Some monitoring equipment or data loggers can be configured to
count both rising and falling edges if your equipment is configured this way you will count twice
as many pulses as expected This can normally be corrected by reconfiguring the equipment or
adjusting the scale factors by a factor of 2
Open
Closed
400ms400ms
800ms
400ms400ms
800ms
400ms400ms
800ms
Figure 11 Output Pulses for Steady Power
Open
Closed
200ms
200ms
200ms
200ms
300ms400ms500ms500ms
1000ms 700ms 400ms 400ms
Figure 12 Output Pulses for Increasing Power
See Connecting Pulse Outputs (p 17) and Specifications - Pulse Outputs (p 32) for
more information
Operating Instructions 25
Power and Energy ComputationEvery pulse from the meter corresponds to a fixed amount of energy Power (watts) is energy
divided by time which can be measured as pulses per second (or pulses per hour) The following
scale factor tables and equations convert from pulses to energy (watt-hours or kilowatt-hours) for
different models
If you have ordered a custom full-scale pulse output frequency then see the
Power and Energy Equations section below For Option PV (Photovoltaic) see
Manual Supplement MS-10 Option PV for scale factors
Scale Factors - Standard Bidirectional Outputs (and Option DPO)The following table provides scale factors for standard bidirectional output models with a full-
scale pulse output frequency of 400 Hz This table also works for 400 Hz models with Option DPO Equations to compute power and energy follow the scale factor tables
CT Size (amps)
Watt-hours per pulse (WHpP) Pulses Per kilowatt-hour (PpKWH)3Y-208 3D-240
3Y-400 3D-400
3Y-480 3D-480
3Y-6003Y-208 3D-240
3Y-400 3D-400
3Y-480 3D-480
3Y-600
5 0125 02396 02885 03615 800000 417391 346570 276657
15 0375 07188 08656 10844 266667 139130 115524 922190
20 0500 09583 11542 14458 200000 104348 866426 691643
30 0750 14375 17313 21688 133333 695652 577617 461095
50 1250 23958 28854 36146 800000 417391 346570 276657
60 1500 28750 34625 43375 666667 347826 288809 230548
70 1750 33542 40396 50604 571429 298137 247550 197612
100 2500 47917 57708 72292 400000 208696 173285 138329
150 3750 71875 86563 10844 266667 139130 115523 92219
200 5000 95833 11542 14458 200000 104348 86643 69164
250 6250 11979 14427 18073 160000 83478 69314 55331
300 7500 14375 17313 21688 133333 69565 57762 46110
400 10000 19167 23083 28917 100000 52174 43321 34582
600 15000 28750 34625 43375 66667 34783 28881 23055
800 20000 38333 46167 57833 50000 26087 21661 17291
1000 25000 47917 57708 72292 40000 20870 17329 13833
1200 30000 57500 69250 86750 33333 17391 14440 11527
1500 37500 71875 86563 10844 26667 13913 11552 92219
2000 50000 95833 11542 14458 20000 10435 86643 69164
3000 75000 14375 17313 21688 13333 69565 57762 46110
any CtAmps 40
CtAmps 2087
CtAmps 17329
CtAmps 13833
40000 CtAmps
20870 CtAmps
17329 CtAmps
13833 CtAmps
Table 6 Scale Factors - Bidirectional Outputs
Contact CCS for scale factors for models with full-scale pulse output frequencies other than 400
Hz
26 Operating Instructions
Scale Factors - Option P3 Per-Phase OutputsThe following table provides scale factors for Option P3 models with a full-scale pulse output
frequencies of 400 Hz for each phase Note with Option P3 different phases can use different
CTs with different rated currents
WARNING Only use this table if you have Option P3 (Per-Phase Outputs)
CT Size (amps)
Watt-hours per pulse (WHpP) Pulses Per kilowatt-hour (PpKWH)3Y-208 3D-240
3Y-400 3D-400
3Y-480 3D-480
3Y-6003Y-208 3D-240
3Y-400 3D-400
3Y-480 3D-480
3Y-600
5 004167 007986 009618 012049 240000 125217 103971 829971
15 01250 02396 02885 03615 800000 417391 346570 276657
20 01667 03194 03847 04819 600000 313043 259928 207493
30 02500 04792 05771 07229 400000 208696 173285 138329
50 04167 07986 09618 12049 240000 125217 103971 829971
60 05000 09583 11542 14458 200000 104348 866426 691643
70 05833 11181 13465 16868 171429 894410 742651 592837
100 08333 15972 19236 24097 120000 626087 519856 414986
150 12500 23958 28854 36146 800000 417391 346570 276657
200 16667 31944 38472 48194 600000 313043 259928 207493
250 20833 39931 48090 60243 480000 250435 207942 165994
300 25000 47917 57708 72292 400000 208696 173285 138329
400 33333 63889 76944 96389 300000 156522 129964 103746
600 50000 95833 11542 14458 200000 104348 86643 69164
800 66667 12778 15389 19278 150000 78261 64982 51873
1000 83333 15972 19236 24097 120000 62609 51986 41499
1200 10000 19167 23083 28917 100000 52174 43321 34582
1500 12500 23958 28854 36146 80000 41739 34657 27666
2000 16667 31944 38472 48194 60000 31304 25993 20749
3000 25000 47917 57708 72292 40000 20870 17329 13833
any CtAmps 12000
CtAmps 62609
CtAmps 51986
CtAmps 41499
120000 CtAmps
62609 CtAmps
51986 CtAmps
41499 CtAmps
Table 7 Scale Factors - Per-Phase Outputs (Option P3)
Scale Factor EquationsUsing the ldquoWatt-hours per pulserdquo WHpP value from the table above for your model and current
transformer you can compute energy and power as follows
PulseCount - This is the count of pulses used to compute energy You can use the count of
pulses over specified periods of time (like a month) to measure the energy for that period of
time
PulseFreq - This is the measured pulse frequency (Hertz) out of the meter This can also be
computed by counting the number of pulses in a fixed period of time and then dividing by the
number of seconds in that time period For example if you count 720 pulses in five minutes
(300 seconds) then PulseFreq = 720 300 = 240 Hz
Energy (watt-hours) = WHpP PulseCount
Power (watts) = WHpP 3600 PulseFreq
To convert these values to kilowatt-hours and kilowatts divide by 1000
Operating Instructions 27
Using the ldquoPulses Per kilowatt-hourrdquo PpKWH value from the table above for your model and
current transformer you can compute energy and power as follows (multiply by 1000 to convert
kilowatts to watts)
Energy (kilowatt-hours) = PulseCount PpKWH
Power (kilowatts) = 3600 PulseFreq PpKWH
Power and Energy EquationsThis section shows how to compute power and energy from pulses for any full-scale pulse output
frequency The power is proportional to the pulse frequency while the energy is proportional to
the count of pulses
For these calculations we use the following variables
NVac - This is the nominal line voltage (phase to neutral) of the WattNode model For delta
model this is a virtual voltage since there may not be a neutral connection Note this is not the actual measured voltage
PpPO - ldquoPhases per Pulse Outputrdquo This is the number of meter voltage phases associ-
ated with a pulse output channel This may be different than the number of phases you are
monitoring
Standard and Option DPO (Dual Positive Outputs) PpPO = 3
Option P3 (Per-Phase Outputs) PpPO = 1
Option PV (Photovoltaic) PpPO = 2 for outputs P1 and P2 PpPO = 1 for output P3 CtAmps - This is the current transformer (CT) rated amps Note If the conductors being
measured are passed through the CTs more than once then CtAmps is the rated CT current
divided by the number of times that the conductor passes through the CT
FSHz - This is the full-scale pulse frequency of the meter It is 400 Hz unless the meter was
ordered with Option Hz=xxx (where xxx specifies the full-scale pulse frequency) or Option Kh
PulseCount - This is the measured pulse count used to compute energy You can use the
count of pulses over specified periods of time (such as a month) to measure the energy for
that period of time
PulseFreq - This is the measured pulse frequency from one of the pulse channels (P1 P2
or P3) This can be computed by counting the number of pulses in a fixed period of time and
then dividing by the number of seconds in that time period For example if you count 720
pulses in five minutes (300 seconds) then PulseFreq = 720 300 = 240 Hz
The values of the constant parameters are in the following table
WattNode Models NVac Standard FSHz ValuesWNB-3Y-208-P 120 400 Hz
WNB-3Y-400-P 230 400 Hz
WNB-3Y-480-P 277 400 Hz
WNB-3Y-600-P 347 400 Hz
WNB-3D-240-P 120 400 Hz
WNB-3D-400-P 230 400 Hz
WNB-3D-480-P 277 400 Hz
Note these are ldquovirtualrdquo line-to-neutral voltages used for delta model power
and energy computations
Table 8 Power and Energy Parameters
28 Operating Instructions
Watt-Hours per Pulse
FSHz 3600PpPO NVac CtAmpsWHpP =
Watt-Hours per Pulse per CT Rated AmpThere is an alternate way of computing the energy reported by a meter using the variable
WHpPpA (watt-hours per pulse per CT rated amp) If you multiply the WHpPpA by the amp rating
of your CTs the result will be the watt-hours measured each time the meter generates a pulse
EnergyPerPulse (WH) = WHpPpA CtAmps
The standard WHpPpA values are listed in the following table These only apply for models with a
400 Hz full-scale pulse frequency
WattNode ModelsWatt-Hours per Pulse per CT Rated Amp (FSHz = 400)
Standard and
Option DPO Outputs
Option P3
Per-Phase Outputs
WNB-3Y-208-P 002500 0008333
WNB-3Y-400-P 004792 001597
WNB-3Y-480-P 005771 001924
WNB-3Y-600-P 007229 002410
WNB-3D-240-P 002500 0008333
WNB-3D-400-P 004792 001597
WNB-3D-480-P 005771 001924
Table 9 Watt-Hours per Pulse per CT Rated Amp
For example a WNB-3Y-208-P with a full-scale pulse frequency of 400 Hz has a WHpPpA value
of 00250 With 15 amp CTs it will output one pulse for every 0375 watt-hours
(0025) (150 amps) = 0375 watt-hours
It is easy to use the WHpPpA value to compute energy
Energy (Wh) = WHpPpA CtAmps PulseCount
For non-standard models you can compute WHpPpA as follows
FSHz 3600PpPO NVacWHpPpA =
Energy EquationThe following equation computes the energy (watt-hours) associated with a pulse output channel
By using the PulseCount for different periods of time (day week month etc) you can measure
the energy over different time periods You can convert this to kilowatt-hours by dividing by 1000
The 3600 term in the denominator converts from watt-seconds to watt-hours Note use NVac
value from Table 8 above
FSHz 3600Energy (WH) =
NVac PpPO CtAmps PulseCount
Pulses per Watt-Hour
NVac PpPO CtAmpsFSHz 3600PpWH =
Operating Instructions 29
Pulses Per Kilowatt-Hour
NVac PpPO CtAmpsFSHz 3600 1000PpKWH =
Full-Scale Power EquationThe following equation computes the nominal full-scale power associated with a pulse output
channel For bidirectional output models this is the full-scale power for all phases together For
per-phase output models this is the full-scale power for a single phase Note use NVac value
from Table 8 Power and Energy Parameters above
Full-Scale Power (W) = NVac PpPO CtAmps
Power EquationThe following equation computes the power associated with a pulse output The PulseFreq value
may be measured or averaged over different time periods to compute the average power (also
called demand) Note use NVac value from Table 8 above
FSHzNVac PpPO CtAmps PulseFreqPower (W ) =
Maintenance and RepairThe WattNode Pulse meter requires no maintenance There are no user serviceable or replace-
able parts except the pluggable screw terminals
The WattNode meter should not normally need to be cleaned but if cleaning is desired power
must be disconnected first and a dry or damp cloth or brush should be used
The WattNode meter is not user serviceable In the event of any failure the meter must be
returned for service (contact CCS for an RMA) In the case of a new installation follow the diag-
nostic and troubleshooting instructions before returning the meter for service to ensure that the
problem is not connection related
30 Specifications
SpecificationsModels
ModelNominal Vac
Line-to-NeutralNominal Vac Line-to-Line
Phases Wires
WNB-3Y-208-P 120 208ndash240 3 4
WNB-3Y-400-P 230 400 3 4
WNB-3Y-480-P 277 480 3 4
WNB-3Y-600-P 347 600 3 4
WNB-3D-240-P 120 208ndash240 3 3ndash4
WNB-3D-400-P 230 400 3 3ndash4
WNB-3D-480-P 277 480 3 3ndash4
Note the delta models have an optional neutral connection that may be used for measuring
wye circuits In the absence of neutral voltages are measured with respect to ground Delta
WattNode models use the phase A and phase B connections for power
Table 10 WattNode Models
Model OptionsAny of these models are available with the following options
Bidirectional Outputs - (this is the standard model) This model has two pulse output chan-
nels P1 generates pulses in proportion to the total real positive energy while P2 generates
pulses in proportion to the total real negative energy The individual phase energies are all
added together every 200 ms If the result is positive it is accumulated for the P1 output if
negative it is accumulated for the P2 output If one phase has negative power (-100 W) while
the other two phases have positive power (+100 W each) the negative phase will subtract
from the positive phases resulting in a net of 100 W causing pulses on P1 but no pulses on
P2 There will only be pulses on P2 if the sum of all three phases is negative
Option P3 Per-Phase Outputs - Models with this option have three pulse output channels
P1 P2 and P3 Each generates pulses in proportion to the real positive energy measured on
one phase (phases A B and C respectively)
Option DPO Dual Positive Outputs - This option is like the standard model with
bidirectional outputs but with the addition of the P3 output channel The P3 chan-
nel indicates positive real energy just like the P1 channel This is useful when the meter
needs to be connected to two different devices such as a display and a data logger See
Manual Supplement MS-11 Option DPO (Dual Positive Outputs) for details
Option PV Photovoltaic - The photovoltaic option measures residential PV systems It
allows one WattNode meter to measure the bidirectional total house energy and the PV (or
wind) generated energy See Manual Supplement MS-10 Option PV (Photovoltaic) for details
Option Hz Custom Pulse Output Frequency - WattNode meters are available with custom
full-scale pulse output frequencies ranging from 001 Hz to 600 Hz (150 Hz maximum for
Options P3 DPO and PV ) For custom frequencies specify Option Hz=nnn where nnn
is the desired full-scale frequency To specify different frequencies for P1 P2 and P3 use
Option Hz=rrrsssttt where P1 frequency = rrr P2 frequency = sss P3 frequency = ttt
Option SSR Solid State Relay Output - Replaces the standard optoisolator outputs with
solid state relays capable of switching 500 mA at up to 40 Vac or plusmn60 Vdc See Option SSR Outputs below for details
Option TVS=24 - Install 24 V bidirectional TVS protection diodes across P1 P2 and P3
outputs Used with Option SSR when driving 12 Vdc electromechanical counters to protect
the solid-state relays from the inductive kickback of the counter
Specifications 31
Option PW Pulse Width - This specifies the pulse ON (closed or conducting) period in
milliseconds For example Opt PW=100 configures 100 millisecond pulse ON periods See
Manual Supplement MS-17 Option PW (Pulse Width) for details
Option Kh Watt-hour Constant - This specifies the watt-hour constant or the number of
watt-hours that must accumulate for each pulse generated by the meter Each pulse includes
an ON (conducting) and OFF period The number of watt-hours may be small even less than
one or large For example Opt Kh=1000 specifies one pulse per 1000 watt-hours (one pulse
per kilowatt-hour) See httpwwwccontrolsyscomwOption_Kh
Option CT Current Transformer Rated Amps - This specifies the rated
amps of the attached current transformers This is only used in conjunc-
tion with Option Kh It may be specified as Opt CT=xxx or Opt CT=xxxyyyzzz if there are CTs with different rated amps on different phases See
httpwwwccontrolsyscomwWattNode_Pulse_-_Option_CT_-_CT_Rated_Amps
AccuracyThe following accuracy specifications do not include errors caused by the current transformer
accuracy or phase angle errors ldquoRated currentrdquo is the current that generates a CT output voltage
of 033333 Vac
Condition 1 - Normal OperationLine voltage -20 to +15 of nominal
Power factor 10
Frequency 48 - 62 Hz
Ambient Temperature 25degC
CT Current 5 - 100 of rated current
Accuracy plusmn05 of reading
Condition 2 - Low CT CurrentAll conditions the same as Condition 1 exceptCT Current 1 - 5 of rated current
Accuracy plusmn10 of reading
Condition 3 ndash Very Low CT CurrentAll conditions the same as Condition 1 exceptCT Current 02 - 1 of rated current
Accuracy plusmn30 of reading
Condition 4 - High CT CurrentAll conditions the same as Condition 1 exceptCT Current 100 - 120 of rated current
Accuracy plusmn10 of reading
Condition 5 - Low Power FactorAll conditions the same as Condition 1 exceptPower factor 05 (plusmn60 degree phase shift between current and voltage)
Additional Error plusmn05 of reading
Condition 6 - Temperature VariationAll conditions the same as Condition 1 exceptAmbient Temperature -30degC to +55degC
Additional Error plusmn075 of reading
32 Specifications
Note Option PV WattNode models may not meet these accuracy specifications for the P3
output channel when measuring a two-phase inverter or multiple inverters
Pulse OutputsFactory Programmable Full-Scale Pulse Frequencies
Standard (All Models) 400 Hz
Custom (Bidirectional Output Models) 001 Hz to 600 Hz
Custom (Option P3 Option PV Option DPO) 001 Hz to 150 Hz
Absolute Maximum Pulse Output FrequenciesStandard Models (Bidirectional Outputs) 900 Hz
Option P3 Option PV Option DPO 200 Hz
Output Waveform square-wave ~50 duty cycle
Option PW programmable pulse ON (closed or conducting period 1 to 65535 milliseconds
Optoisolator OutputsIsolation 5000 Vac RMS
Breakdown Voltage (collectorndashemitter) 60 V (exceeding this may destroy the outputs)
Maximum Reverse Voltage (emitter-collector) 5 Vdc (exceeding may destroy the outputs)
Maximum Leakage (OFF) Current (collectorndashemitter) 100 nA
Recommended Load Current (collectorndashemitter) 1 μA (microamp) to 5 mA (milliamp)
Maximum Load (collectorndashemitter) Current ~8 mA
Approximate ON Resistance (as measured by a DMM) 100 Ω to 2000 Ω
Approximate OFF Resistance (as measured by a DMM) gt 50 MΩ
MeasurementCreep Limit 0067 (11500th) of full-scale Whenever the apparent power (a combination of the
real and reactive power values) for a phase drops below the creep limit the output power (real)
for the phase will be forced to zero Also if the line voltage for a phase drops below 20 of
nominal Vac the output power for the phase will be set to zero These limits prevent spurious
pulses due to measurement noise
Update Rate ~200 milliseconds Internally the consumed energy is measured at this rate and
used to update the pulse output rate
Start-Up Time approximately 500 milliseconds The meter starts measuring power and generat-
ing pulses 500 milliseconds after AC voltage is applied
Current Transformer Phase Angle Correction 10 degree leading Current transformers (CTs)
typically have a leading phase angle error ranging from 02 degrees to 25 degrees The
WattNode meter is normally programmed to correct for a 10 degree phase lead to provide
good accuracy with typical CTs
Over-Voltage Limit 125 of nominal Vac If the line voltage for one or more phases exceeds this
limit the status LEDs for these phases will flash alternating red-green as a warning Extended
over-voltage operation can damage the meter and void the warranty See Line Voltage Too High (p 21)
Over-Current Limit 120 of rated current Exceeding 120 of rated current will not harm the
WattNode meter but the current and power will not be measured accurately
Specifications 33
Saturation Voltage vs Load Current this is the typical voltage (at room temperature) mea-
sured between the COM terminal and P1 P2 or P3 when the optoisolator is on (conduct-
ing) Ideally this voltage would be zero but instead it varies with the load current
10
100
1000
001 01 1 10
Opt
oiso
lato
r Sat
urat
ion
Vce
(mill
ivol
ts)
Optoisolator Current (mA)
Figure 13 Optoisolator Saturation Voltage vs Load Current
Output Rise Time (microseconds) approximately Rpullup 100 where Rpullup is the pull-
up resistor value (in ohms) and the pull-up voltage is 5 Vdc Rise time is defined as the time
for the output voltage to rise from 20 to 80 of the pull-up voltage
Output Fall Time approximately 2-3 microseconds with a 5 Vdc pull-up voltage
Option SSR OutputsIsolation 5000 Vac RMS
Breakdown Voltage plusmn60 Vdc or 40 Vac can switch positive negative or AC voltages
Maximum Leakage (Off) Current 1000 nA (1 μA)
On Resistance 10 to 25 Ω
Maximum Load Current 500 mA
Output Turn On Time (milliseconds) 18 ms typical 50 ms maximum
Output Turn Off Time (milliseconds) 05 ms typical 20 ms maximum
Maximum Recommended Pulse Frequency 30 Hz
ElectricalPower Consumption The following table shows typical power consumption and power factor
values with all three phases powered at nominal line voltages The power supply draws
most of the total power consumed while the measurement circuitry draws 1-10 of the total
(6-96 milliwatts per phase depending on the model) Due to the design of the power supply
WattNode meters draw slightly more power at 50 Hz
34 Specifications
ModelActive
Power at 60 Hz
Active Power at
50 Hz
Power Factor
Rated Power
Power Supply Range
Power Supply
TerminalsWNB-3Y-208-P 16 W 18 W 075 3 W 96 ndash 138 Vac N and OslashAWNB-3Y-400-P 16 W 18 W 064 3 W 184 ndash 264 Vac N and OslashAWNB-3Y-480-P 21 W 24 W 063 4 W 222 ndash 318 Vac N and OslashAWNB-3Y-600-P 12 W 12 W 047 3 W 278 ndash 399 Vac N and OslashAWNB-3D-240-P 17 W 19 W 063 4 W 166 ndash 276 Vac OslashA and OslashBWNB-3D-400-P 14 W 15 W 047 3 W 320 ndash 460 Vac OslashA and OslashBWNB-3D-480-P 18 W 22 W 053 4 W 384 ndash 552 Vac OslashA and OslashB
Table 11 Power Supply Characteristics
Note This is the maximum rated power at 115 of nominal Vac at 50 Hz This is the same as
the rated power that appears on the front label of the meter
Maximum Operating Power Supply Voltage Range -20 to +15 of nominal (see table
above) For the WNB-3D-240-P this is -20 of 208 Vac (166 Vac) to +15 of 240 Vac (276
Vac)
Operating Frequencies 5060 Hz
Measurement Category CAT III
Measurement category III is for measurements performed in the building installation Examples
are measurements on distribution boards circuit-breakers wiring including cables bus-bars
junction boxes switches socket-outlets in the fixed installation and equipment for industrial
use and some other equipment for example stationary motors with permanent connection to
the fixed installation
The line voltage measurement terminals on the meter are rated for the following CAT III volt-
ages (these ratings also appear on the front label)
Model CAT III Voltage RatingWNB-3Y-208-P
WNB-3D-240-P
240 Vac
WNB-3Y-400-P
WNB-3D-400-P
400 Vac
WNB-3Y-480-P
WNB-3D-480-P
480 Vac
WNB-3Y-600-P 600 Vac
Table 12 WattNode CAT III Ratings
Current Transformer InputsNominal Input Voltage (At CT Rated Current) 033333 Vac RMS
Absolute Maximum Input Voltage 50 Vac RMS
Input Impedance at 5060 Hz 23 kΩ
Specifications 35
CertificationsSafety UL 61010-1 CANCSA-C222 No 61010-1-04 IEC 61010-1
Immunity EN 61326 2002 (Industrial Locations)
Electrostatic Discharge EN 61000-4-2 4 kV contact 8 kV air (B) Self-Recovering
Radiated RF Immunity EN 61000-4-3 10 Vm (A) No Degradation
Electrical Fast Transient Burst EN 61000-4-4 2 kV (B) Self-Recovering
Surge Immunity EN 61000-4-5 1 kV IO 4 kV AC (B) Self-Recovering
Conducted RF Immunity EN 61000-4-6 3 V (A) No Degradation
Voltage Dips Interrupts EN 61000-4-11 (B) Self-Recovering
Emissions FCC Part 15 Class B EN 55022 1994 Class B
EnvironmentalOperating Temperature -30degC to +55degC (-22degF to 131degF)
Altitude Up to 2000 m (6560 ft)
Operating Humidity non-condensing 5 to 90 relative humidity (RH) up to 40degC decreasing
linearly to 50 RH at 55degC
Pollution POLLUTION DEGREE 2 - Normally only non-conductive pollution occasionally a
temporary conductivity caused by condensation must be expected
Indoor Use Suitable for indoor use
Outdoor Use Suitable for outdoor use when mounted inside an electrical enclosure (Hammond
Mfg Type EJ Series) that is rated NEMA 3R or 4 (IP 66)
MechanicalEnclosure High impact ABS andor ABSPC plastic
Flame Resistance Rating UL 94V-0 IEC FV-0
Size 153 mm times 85 mm times 38 mm (602 in times 335 in times 150 in)
Weight 285 gm (101 oz) 314 gm (111 oz)
Connectors Euroblock style pluggable terminal blocks
Green up to 12 AWG (25 mm2) 600 V
Black up to 12 AWG (25 mm2) 300 V
Current TransformersWattNode meters use CTs with built-in burden resistors generating 033333 Vac at rated AC cur-
rent The maximum input current rating is dependent on the CT frame size (see the tables below)
Exceeding the maximum input current rating may damage CTs but should not harm the meter
None of these CTs measure DC current and the accuracy can be degraded in the presence of DC
currents as from half-wave rectified loads The solid-core CTs are most susceptible to saturation
due to DC currents
WattNode meters should only be used with UL recognized current transformers which are avail-
able from Continental Control Systems Using non-approved transformers will invalidate the meter
UL listing The following sections list approved UL recognized current transformers
36 Specifications
Common CT SpecificationsType voltage output integral burden resistor
Output Voltage at Rated Current 033333 Vac (one-third volt)
Standard CT Wire Length 24 m (8 feet)
Optional CT Wire Length up to 30 m (100 feet)
Split-Core CTsAlso called ldquoopeningrdquo current transformers These are UL recognized under UL file numbers
E96927 or E325972 CTM-0360-xxx CTS-0750-xxx CTS-1250-xxx CTS-2000-xxx where xxx
indicates the full scale current rating between 0005 and 1500 amps
The accuracy of the split-core CTs are specified from 10 to 100 of rated AC current The
phase angle is specified at 50 of rated current (amps) Some low current split-core CTs have
unspecified phase angle errors
ModelInside
DiameterRated Amps (-xxx)
Accuracy Phase Angle
Maximum Amps
CTM-0360-xxx 030 (75 mm) 5 15 30 50 70 plusmn1 lt2deg 100
CTS-0750-xxx 075rdquo (190 mm) 5 15 30 50 plusmn1 not spec 200
CTS-0750-xxx 075rdquo (190 mm) 70 100 150 200 plusmn1 lt2deg 200
CTS-1250-xxx 125rdquo (317 mm) 70 100 plusmn1 not spec 600
CTS-1250-xxx 125rdquo (317 mm) 150 200 250 300 400 600 plusmn1 lt2deg 600
CTS-2000-xxx 200rdquo (508 mm) 600 800 1000 1200 1500 plusmn1 lt2deg 1500
Table 13 Split-core CTs
Split-Core Bus Bar CTsThese current transformers are referred to as ldquobus barrdquo CTs because they are available in larger
and custom sizes appropriate for use with bus bars or multiple large conductors These are UL
recognized under UL file number E325972 CTB-wwwXhhh-xxx where www and hhh indicate
the width and height in inches and xxx indicates the full scale current rating
The accuracy of the split-core bus bar CTs is specified from 10 to 100 of rated current The
phase angle is specified at 50 of rated current (amps)
Model OpeningRated Amps
Accuracy Phase Angle
Maximum Amps
CTB-15x35-0600 15 x 35 (381 mm x 889 mm) 600 plusmn15 lt15deg 750
CTB-40x40-0800 40 x 40 (1016 mm x 1016 mm) 800 plusmn15 lt15deg 1000
CTB-40x40-1200 40 x 40 (1016 mm x 1016mm) 1200 plusmn15 lt15deg 1500
CTB-40x40-2000 40 x 40 (1016 mm x 1016 mm) 2000 plusmn15 lt15deg 2500
CTB-45x40-3000 45 x 40 (1143 mm x 1016 mm) 3000 plusmn15 lt15deg 3750
CTB-wwwxhhh-xxxx Custom (www by hhh inches) xxxx plusmn15 lt15deg 4000
Table 14 Split-core Bus Bar CTs
Solid-Core CTsAlso called ldquotoroidrdquo or ldquodonutrdquo current transformers These are UL recognized under UL
file number E96927 CTT-0750-100N CTT-1250-400N CTT-0300-030N CTT-0500-060N
CTT-1000-200N CTT-0300-005N CTT-0300-015N CTT-0500-050N CTT-0500-030N
CTT-0500-015N CTT-0750-070N CTT-0750-050N CTT-0750-030N CTT-1000-150N
CTT-1000-100N CTT-1000-070N CTT-1000-050N CTT-1250-300N CTT-1250-250N
CTT-1250-200N CTT-1250-150N CTT-1250-100N CTT-1250-070N
Warranty 37
The accuracy of the solid-core CTs is specified from 10 to 100 of rated current The phase
angle error is specified at 50 of rated current The CT suffix xxx is the rated current The ldquoNrdquo at
the end of the part number indicates a nickel core material which is the only core material avail-
able for our solid-core CTs
ModelInside
DiameterRated Amps (-xxx)
Accuracy Phase Angle
Maximum Amps
CTT-0300-xxxN 030 (76mm) 5 15 20 30 plusmn1 lt1deg 30
CTT-0500-xxxN 050 (127mm) 15 20 30 50 60 plusmn1 lt1deg 60
CTT-0750-xxxN 075 (190mm) 30 50 70 100 plusmn1 lt1deg 100
CTT-1000-xxxN 100 (254mm) 50 70 100 150 200 plusmn1 lt1deg 200
CTT-1250-xxxN 125 (317mm) 70 100 150 200 250 300 400 plusmn1 lt1deg 400
Table 15 Solid-core CTs
WarrantyAll products sold by Continental Control Systems LLC (CCS) are guaranteed against defects in
material and workmanship for a period of five years from the original date of shipment CCSrsquos
responsibility is limited to repair replacement or refund any of which may be selected by CCS at
its sole discretion CCS reserves the right to substitute functionally equivalent new or serviceable
used parts
This warranty covers only defects arising under normal use and does not include malfunctions or
failures resulting from misuse neglect improper application improper installation water damage
acts of nature lightning product modifications alterations or repairs by anyone other than CCS
Except as set forth herein CCS makes no warranties expressed or implied and CCS disclaims and negates all other warranties including without limitation implied warranties of merchantability and fitness for a particular purpose
Limitation of LiabilityIn no event shall CCS be liable for any indirect special incidental punitive or consequen-tial damages of any kind or nature arising out of the sale or use of its products whether such liability is asserted on the basis of contract tort or otherwise including without limitation lost profits even if CCS has been advised of the possibility of such damages
Customer acknowledges that CCSrsquos aggregate liability to Customer relating to or arising out of the sale or use of CCSrsquos products whether such liability is asserted on the basis of contract tort or otherwise shall not exceed the purchase price paid by Customer for the products in respect of which damages are claimed Customer specifically acknowledges that CCSrsquos price for the products is based upon the limitations of CCSrsquos liability set forth herein
CTL Series - 125 Inch Window - 250 and 400 AmpsThe CTL revenue-grade split-core current transformers provide IEEE
C5713 class 06 accuracy with UL listing for energy management
equipment They combine the ease of installation of an opening cur-
rent transformer with the accuracy normally associated with solid-core
current transformers They are an ideal companion to the WattNodereg
Revenue meter for revenue-grade electric power metering applications
bull Very low phase angle error essential for accurate power and energy
measurements
bull IEEEANSI C5713 and IEC 60044-1 accuracy over the full tem-
perature range
bull Glove-friendly operation with one hand
SpecificationsAll specifications are for operation at 60 Hz
bull Accuracy
bull plusmn050 from 15 to 100 of rated primary current
bull plusmn075 from 1 to 15 of rated primary current
bull Phase angle
bull plusmn025 degrees (15 minutes) from 50 to 100 of rated current
bull plusmn050 degrees (30 minutes) from 5 to 50 of rated current
bull plusmn075 degrees (45 minutes) from 1 to 5 of rated current
bull Accuracy standards IEEE C5713 class 06 IEC 60044-1 class 05S
bull Primary rating 250 or 400 Amps 600 Vac 60 Hz nominal
bull Output 33333 mVac at rated current
bull Operating temperature -30degC to 55degC
bull Safe integral burden resistor no shorting block needed
bull Standard lead length 8 ft (24 m) 18 AWG
bull Approvals UL recognized CE mark RoHS
bull Assembled in USA qualified under Buy American provision in ARRA of
2009
Models Amps MSRPCTL-1250-250 Opt C06 250 $ 66
CTL-1250-400 Opt C06 400 $ 66
Revenue-Grade Accuracy
3131 Indian Road bull Boulder CO 80301 USAsalesccontrolsyscom bull wwwccontrolsyscom(888) 928-8663 bull Fax (303) 444-2903
-100
-075
-050
-025
000
025
050
075
100
01 1 10 100 200
Rea
din
g E
rro
r
Percent of Rated Primary Current
CTL-1250 Series Typical Accuracy
CTL-1250-250 Opt C06
CTL-1250-400 Opt C06
-100deg
-075deg
-050deg
-025deg
000deg
025deg
050deg
075deg
100deg
Pha
se A
ngle
Deg
rees
Percent of Rated Primary Current
CTL-1250 Series Typical Phase Error
CTL-1250-250 Opt C06
CTL-1250-400 Opt C06
01 1 10 100 200
bull Graphs show typical performance at 23degC 60 Hz
bull Graph shows a positive phase angle when the
output leads the primary current
CTL-51013 Specifications are subject to change
Patent pending
317(805)
130(330)
368(937)327
(830)
138(350)
114(289)
125(317)
Dimensions in inches(millimeters)
New
Continental Control Systems LLC
PatPatent pee
Minimum System Requirements
Software USB cableUSB bl S ft
Flexible Accurate 4-channel Analog Logger
HOBO UX120 4-Channel Analog Logger
Key Advantages
bull Twice the accuracy over previous models bull 16-bit resolutionbull Flexible support for a wide range of external sensorsbull LCD confirms logger operation and displays near real-time measurement databull Provides minimum maximum average and standard deviation logging optionsbull On-screen alarms notify you when a sensor reading exceeds set thresholdsbull Stores 19 million measurements for longer deployments between offloads
The HOBO UX120-006M Analog Logger is a high-performance LCD display data logger for building performance monitoring applications As Onsetrsquos highest-accuracy data logger it provides twice the accuracy of previous models a deployment-friendly LCD and flexible support up to four external sensors for measuring temperature current CO2 voltage and more
Supported Measurements Temperature 4-20mA AC Current AC Voltage Air Velocity Carbon Dioxide Compressed Air Flow DC Current DC Voltage Gauge Pressure Kilowatts Volatile Organic Compound (sensors sold separately)
USB cable included with software
For complete information and accessories please visit wwwonsetcompcom
Part number UX120-006M (4-Channel Analog)
Memory 19 MillionLogging Rate 1 second to 18 hours user selectableLogging Modes Normal Burst StatisticsMemory Modes Wrap when full or stop when fullTime Accuracy plusmn1 minute per month at 25degC (77degF)Battery Life 1 year typical with logging rate of 1 minute and sampling interval of 15 seconds or greater user replaceable 2 AAADimensions 108 x 541 x 254 cm (425 x 213 x 1 in)Operating Range Logging -20deg to 70degC (-4deg to 158degF) 0 to 95 RH (non-condensing)Accuracy plusmn01 mV plusmn01 of readingCE Compliant Yes
Log type J K T E R S B or N thermocouplesHOBOreg UX120 4-Channel Thermocouple Logger
Supported Measurements Temperature
Minimum System Requirements
Software USB cableUSB bl S ft
For complete information and accessories please visit wwwonsetcompcom
Part number UX120-014M (Thermocouple)
Internal TemperatureRange -20deg to 70degC (-4deg to 158degF)Accuracy plusmn021degC from 0deg to 50degC (plusmn038degF from 32deg to 122degF)Resolution 0024degC at 25degC (004degF at 77degF)Drift lt01degC (018degF) per year
LoggerLogging Rate 1 second to 18 hours 12 minutes 15 secondsLogging Modes Normal Burst StatisticsMemory Modes Wrap when full or stop when fullTime Accuracy plusmn1 minute per month at 25degC (77degF)Battery Life 1 year typical with logging rate of 1 minute and sampling interval of 15 seconds or greater user replaceable 2 AAADimensions 108 x 541 x 254 cm (425 x 213 x 1 in)Operating Range Logging -20deg to 70degC (-4deg to 158degF) 0 to 95 RH (non-condensing)CE Compliant Yes
Thermocouple Range Accuracy Resolution(probes sold separately) Type J -210deg to 760degC (-346deg to 1400degF) plusmn06degC (plusmn108degF) plusmn thermocouple probe accuracy 003degC (006degF)Type K -260deg to 1370degC (-436deg to 2498degF) plusmn07degC (plusmn126degF) plusmn thermocouple probe accuracy 004degC (007degF)Type T -260deg to 400degC (-436deg to 752degF) plusmn06degC (plusmn108degF) plusmn thermocouple probe accuracy 002degC (003degF)Type E -260deg to 950degC (-436deg to 1742degF) plusmn06degC (plusmn108degF) plusmn thermocouple probe accuracy 003degC at (005degF)Type R -50deg to 1550degC (-58deg to 2822degF) plusmn22degC (plusmn396degF) plusmn thermocouple probe accuracy 008degC (015degF)Type S -50deg to 1720degC (-58deg to 3128degF) plusmn22degC (plusmn396degF) plusmn thermocouple probe accuracy 008degC (015degF)Type B +60deg to 1820degC (1022deg to 3308degF) plusmn25degC (plusmn45degF) plusmn thermocouple probe accuracy 01degC (018F)Type N -260deg to 1300degC (-436deg to 2372degF) plusmn10degC (plusmn18degF) plusmn thermocouple probe accuracy 006degC (011degF)
USB cable included with software
Key Advantages
bull Easy-to-view LCD display confirms logger operation and battery statusbull Near real-time readout of current temperatures as well as minimum maximum average and standard deviation statisticsbull On-screen alarms notify you if temperatures exceed high or low thresholdsbull Large memory capacity capable of storing 19 million measurementsbull Start stop and restart pushbuttonsbull User-upgradeable firmware
The HOBO UX120 Thermocouple Logger is a four-channel LCD data logger for measuring and recording temperature in a range of monitoring applications The logger makes it easy and convenient to record temperatures over a broad range (-260 to 1820deg C) and can accept up to four J K T E R S B or N type probes In addition to accepting four thermocouple probes the logger features an internal temperature sensor for logging ambient temperatures further extending the application possibilities
Log pulse signals events state changes and runtimesHOBOreg UX120 Pulse Logger
Key Advantages
bull Simultaneously measures and records pulse signals events state changes and runtimesbull Stores over 4 million measurements enabling longer deployments with fewer site visitsbull Streamlines deployment via range of startstop options logger status LEDs and high-speed USB 20 data offloadbull Works with Onsetrsquos E50B2 Power amp Energy Meter to measure Power Factor Reactive Power Watt Hours and more
The HOBO UX120 4-Channel Pulse data logger is a highly versatile 4-channel energy data logger that combines the functionality of four separate energy loggers into one compact unit It enables energy management professionals ndash from energy auditors to building commissioners ndash to easily track building energy consumption equipment runtimes and water and gas flow rates
Supported Measurements Pulse Signals Event Runtime State AC Current AC Voltage Amp Hour Kilowatt Hours Kilowatts Motor OnOff Power Factor Volt-Amps Watt Hours Watts Volt-Amp Reactive Volt-Amp Reactive Hour
Minimum System Requirements
Software USB cable SensorUSB bl S ft S
Part number UX120-017 UX120-017M
Memory 520000 measurements 4000000 measurementsSampling rate 1 second to 18 hoursBattery life 1 year typical user replaceable 2 AAExternal contact Input Electronic solid state switch closure or logic driven digital signals to 24VMax pulse frequency 120 HzMax state event runtime frequency 1 Hz
Resolution Pulse 1 pulse Runtime 1 second State and Event 1 state or eventBits 4 - 32 bits depending on pulse rate and logging intervalLockout time 0 to 1 second in 100 ms stepsOperating temperature range Logging -40ordm to 70ordmC (-40ordm to 158ordmF) 0 to 95 RH (non-condensing)
Dimensions 114 x 63 x 33 cm (45 x 25 x 13 inches)CE compliant Yes
USB cable included with software
For complete information and accessories please visit wwwonsetcompcom
Copyrightcopy 2013 Onset Computer Corporation All rights reserved Onset HOBO HOBOware are registered trademarks of Onset Computer Corporation Other products and brand names may be trademarks or registered trademarks of their respective owners Patented technology (US Patent 6826664) MKT1049-0813
Technical Support (8am to 8pm ET Monday through Friday) wwwonsetcompcomsupportcontact Call 1-877-564-4377
Contact Us Sales (8am to 5pm ET Monday through Friday) Email salesonsetcompcom Call 1-800-564-4377 Fax 1-508-759-9100
HOBOreg 4-Channel Pulse Input Data Logger (UX120-017x) Manual
14638-E
The HOBO 4-Channel Pulse Input data logger records electronic pulses and mechanical or electrical contact closures from external sensing devices Using HOBOwarereg you can easily configure each of its four channels to monitor and record pulse event state or runtime data in a wide variety of applications including tracking building energy consumption monitoring mechanical equipment and recording water and gas flow rates Plus when combined with the E50B2 Energy amp Power Meter (T-VER-E50B2) this logger provides extensive power and energy monitoring capabilities There are two models of the HOBO 4-Channel Pulse Input data logger the UX120-017 stores more than 500000 measurements while the UX120-017M holds more than 4000000 measurements
Specifications Inputs
External Contact Input Electronic solid state switch closure or logic driven digital signals to 24 V
Maximum Pulse Frequency 120 Hz
Maximum State Event Runtime Frequency
1 Hz
Bits 4ndash32 bits depending on pulse rate and logging interval
Maximum Pulses Per Interval
7863960 (using maximum logging rate)
Driven Logic Signal Input Low 04 V Input High 3 to 24 V
Absolute Maximum Rating Maximum Voltage 25 V DC Minimum Voltage -03 V DC
Solid State Switch Closure Input Low lt 10 K Input High gt 500 K
Internal Weak Pull-Up 100 K
Input Impedance Solid state switch closure 100 K pull up Driven signal 45 K
Minimum Pulse Width Contact closure duration 500 uS Driven logic signal 100 uS
Lockout Time 0 to 1 second in 100 ms steps
Edge Detection Falling edge Schmitt Trigger buffer
Preferred Switch State Normally open or Logic ldquo1rdquo state
Logging
Resolution Pulse 1 pulse Runtime 1 second State and Event 1 State or Event
Logging Rate 1 second to 18 hours 12 minutes 15 seconds
Time Accuracy plusmn1 minute per month at 25degC (77degF) (see Plot A on next page)
Battery Life 1 year typical with logging intervals greater than 1 minute and normally open contacts
Battery Type Two AA alkaline or lithium batteries
Memory
Memory UX120-017 520192 measurements (assumes 8-bit) UX120-017M 4124672 measurements (assumes 8-bit)
Download Type USB 20 interface
Download Time 30 seconds for UX120-017 15 minutes for UX120-017M
Physical
Operating Range Logging -40deg to 70degC (-40deg to 158degF) 0 to 95 RH (non-condensing) LaunchReadout 0deg to 50degC (32deg to 122degF) per USB specification
Weight 149 g (526 oz)
Size 114 x 63 x 33 cm (45 x 25 x 13 inches)
Environmental Rating IP50
The CE Marking identifies this product as complying with all relevant directives in the European Union (EU)
HOBO 4-Channel Pulse Input Data Logger
Models UX120-017 UX120-017M
Included Items bull 4 Mounting screws bull 2 Magnets bull Hook amp loop tape bull 4 Terminal block connectors
Required Items bull HOBOware Pro 32 or later bull USB cable (included with
software)
Accessories bull Additional terminal blocks
(A-UX120-TERM-BLOCK) bull Lithium batteries (HWSB-LI)
Additional sensors and accessories available at wwwonsetcompcom
HOBO 4-Channel Pulse Input Data Logger Manual
1-800-LOGGERS 2 wwwonsetcompcom
Specifications (continued)
Plot A Time Accuracy
Logger Components and Operation
StartStop Button Press this button for 3 seconds to start or stop logging data This requires configuring the logger in HOBOware with a Button Start andor a Button Stop (see Setting up the Logger) You can also press this button for 1 second to record an internal event (see Recording Internal Logger Events)
LEDs There are three types of LEDs on the logger to indicate logger operation Logging Waiting and Activity Note that all LEDs will blink when the logger is initially powered (ie when the batteries are installed)
LED Description Logging (green)
Blinks every 2 seconds when the logger is recording data Disable this LED by selecting the Turn Off LEDs option in HOBOware
Waiting (orange)
Blinks every 2 seconds when awaiting a start because the logger was configured with Start At Interval Delayed Start or Button Start settings in HOBOware
Activity (red)
There is one Activity LED per input channel Press the Test button to activate all four Activity LEDs for 10 minutes to determine the state of the four input channels When the logger is recording data the Activity LED for the corresponding channel will blink at every pulse signal Note If you press the Test button during logging then the Activity LED will remain illuminated for any channel that has not been configured to record data
Inputs There are 4 input channels to connect the logger to external sensorsdevices
Terminal Blocks There are 4 terminal blocks included with the logger to plug into the inputs for connecting devices
Test Button Press this button to activate the Activity Lights for 10 minutes to test for contact resistance or voltage signal in any of the four input channels (see the LED table)
Mounting Holes There are four mounting holes two on each side that you can use to mount the logger to a surface (see Mounting the Logger)
USB Port This is the port used to connect the logger to the computer or the HOBO U-Shuttle via USB cable (see Setting up the Logger and Reading Out the Logger)
Setting Up the Logger Use HOBOware Pro to set up the logger including selecting the start and stop logging options configuring the input channels for specific sensor types and entering scaling factors It may be helpful to set up the logger with a Delayed Start or a Button Start first and then bring it to the location where you will mount it to connect the external sensorsdevices and test the connections before logging begins
1 Connect the logger and open the Launch window To connect the logger to a computer plug the small end of the USB cable into the side of the logger and the large end into a USB port on the computer Click the Launch icon on the HOBOware toolbar or select Launch from the Device menu
Important USB specifications do not guarantee operation outside this range of 0degC (32degF) to 50degC (122degF)
2 Select Sensor Type Each of the input channels can be configured to log the following
bull Pulse This records the number of pulse signals per logging interval (the logger records a pulse signal when the input transitions to the logic low) There are built-in scaling factors you can select for supported devices and sensors or you can set your own scaling when you select raw pulse counts You can also adjust the maximum pulse frequency and lockout time as necessary
bull State This records how long an event lasts by storing the date and time when the state of the signal or switch changes (logic state high to low or low to high) The logger checks every second for a state change but will only record a time-stamped value when the state change occurs One state change to the next represents the event duration
bull Event This records the date and time when a connected relay switch or logic low transition occurs (the logger records an event when the input transitions to the logic low) This is useful if you need to know when an event occurred but do not need to know the duration of the event You can also adjust the lockout time to debounce switches
bull Runtime This records the number of state changes that happen over a period of time The logger checks the state of the line once a second At the end of each logging
LEDs StartStop Button
USB Port
Inputs
One of Four Terminal Blocks Test Button Mounting Holes
HOBO 4-Channel Pulse Input Data Logger Manual
1-800-LOGGERS 3 wwwonsetcompcom
interval the logger records how many seconds the line was in the logic low state
3 Choose the logging interval from 1 second to a maximum of 18 hours 12 minutes and 15 seconds (available for Pulse or Runtime logging only)
4 Choose when to start logging
bull Now Logging begins immediately
bull At Interval Logging will begin at the next even interval
bull Push Button Logging will begin once you press the StartStop logging button for 3 seconds
bull On DateTime Logging will begin at a date and time you specify
5 Choose when to stop logging
bull When Memory Fills Logging will end once the logger memory is full
bull Never (wrapping) The logger will record data indefinitely with newest data overwriting the oldest
bull Push Button Logging will end once you press the StartStop logging button for 3 seconds Note If you also configured a Push Button start then you must wait 5 minutes after logging begins before you can use the button to stop logging
bull Specific Stop Date Logging will end at a date and time you specify
6 Select any other logging options as desired and finish the launch configuration Depending on the start type verify that the logging or waiting LED is blinking
Connecting Sensors Transducers or Instruments to the Logger You can connect the logger to an external sensing device using the four input channels To connect a device to the logger
1 Follow the instructions and wiring diagrams in the user manual for the device
2 Connect the device to the terminal block as directed in the device instructions
3 Plug in the terminal block into one of the four inputs (labeled 1 through 4)
4 Press the Test button as needed to activate the Activity LEDs and check whether the logger reads the pulse signal
5 Configure logger launch settings if you have not already
Notes
bull Be sure that all devices are connected before logging begins Any sensorsdevices attached after logging begins will not record accurate data
bull If connecting an E50B2 Energy amp Power Meter (T-VER-E50B2) you have the option to use the default meter settings or your own custom settings
bull If any channels have been configured to record raw pulse counts or events in HOBOware there is also an option to specify lockout time This can prevent false readings from mechanical contactclosure bouncing For more information on setting lockout time see the HOBOware Help
Determining Logging Duration for EventState Data The loggerrsquos storage capacity and logging duration varies depending on several factors including logging interval number of channels configured and the type of data being recorded This table estimates the logging duration based on recording event or state changes on one input channel with logging set to stop when the memory is full To estimate logging duration for multiple event or state channels divide the logging duration by the number of active channels If you want to know exactly how long the logger will run use pulse or runtime modes
Time Between Events
Approximate Total Data Points
Approximate Logging Duration (1 Year Battery Life)
Logger Part Number
1 to 15 seconds
346795 4 to 60 days UX120-017
2749781 32 days to 13 years UX120-017M
16 seconds to 42 minutes
260096 48 days to 21 years UX120-017
2062336 1 to 166 years UX120-017M
43 to 682 minutes
208077 16 to 27 years UX120-017
1649869 13 to 214 years UX120-017M
683 minutes to 182 hours
173397 225 to 360 years UX120-017
1374891 178 to 285 decades UX120-017M
Notes
bull Typical battery life is 1 year
bull The logger can record battery voltage data in an additional channel This is disabled by default Recording battery voltage reduces storage capacity and is generally not used except for troubleshooting
Setting Maximum Pulse Frequency When recording raw pulse counts the logger dynamically adjusts its memory usage from 4 to 32 bits instead of a typical fixed width This results in the ability to store more data using less space which in turn extends logging duration The default pulse rate is 120 Hz which is also the maximum You can adjust this rate in HOBOware (see the HOBOware Help for details) Decreasing the rate will increase logging duration The following table shows examples of how pulse rate and logging interval affect logging duration
Logging Interval
Pulse Rate (Hz)
Number of Bits Required
Approximate Total Data Points
Approximate Logging Duration
1 minute 4 8 520192 361 days
1 minute 50 12 346795 240 days
1 minute 120 16 260096 180 days
Reading Out the Logger There are two options for reading out the logger connect it to the computer with a USB cable and read out it with HOBOware or connect it to a HOBO U-Shuttle (U-DT-1 firmware version 114m030 or higher) and then offload the datafiles from the
HOBO 4-Channel Pulse Input Data Logger Manual
1-800-LOGGERS (564-4377) bull 508-759-9500 wwwonsetcompcom bull loggerhelponsetcompcom
copy 2011ndash2013 Onset Computer Corporation All rights reserved Onset HOBO and HOBOware are trademarks or registered trademarks of Onset Computer Corporation All other trademarks are the property of their respective companies
14638-E
U-Shuttle to HOBOware Refer to the HOBOware Help for more details
Recording Internal Logger Events The logger records several internal events to help track logger operation and status These events which are unrelated to state and event logging include the following
Internal Event Name Definition
Host Connected The logger was connected to the computer
Started The StartStop button was pressed to begin logging
Stopped The logger received a command to stop recording data (from HOBOware or by pushing the StartStop button)
Button UpButton Down
The StartStop button was pressed for 1 second
Safe Shutdown The battery level is 18 V the logger shut down
Mounting the Logger There are three ways to mount the logger using the materials included
bull Screw the logger to a surface with a Phillips-head screwdriver and the four mounting screws using the following dimensions
bull Attach the two magnets to the back of the logger and
then place the logger on a magnetic surface
bull Use the hook-and-loop tape to affix the logger to a surface
Protecting the Logger The logger is designed for indoor use and can be permanently damaged by corrosion if it gets wet Protect it from condensation If it gets wet remove the battery immediately and dry the circuit board It is possible to dry the logger with a hair dryer before reinstalling the battery Do not let the board get too hot You should be able to comfortably hold the board in your hand while drying it
Note Static electricity may cause the logger to stop logging The logger has been tested to 4 KV but avoid electrostatic
discharge by grounding yourself to protect the logger For more information search for ldquostatic dischargerdquo in the FAQ section on onsetcompcom
Battery Information The logger is shipped with two AA alkaline batteries You can also use 15 V AA lithium batteries when deploying the logger in cold environments Expected battery life varies based on the temperature where the logger is deployed and the frequency (the logging interval and the rate of state changes andor events) at which the logger is recording data A new battery typically lasts one year with logging intervals greater than one minute and when the input signals are normally open or in the high logic state Deployments in extremely cold or hot temperatures logging intervals faster than one minute or continuously closed contacts may reduce battery life The logger can also be powered through the USB cable connected to the computer This allows you to read out the logger when the remaining battery voltage is too low for it to continue logging Connect the logger to the computer click the Readout button on the toolbar and save the data as prompted Replace the batteries before launching the logger again To replace the batteries
1 Disconnect the logger from the computer
2 Unscrew the logger case using a Philips-head screwdriver
3 Carefully remove the two batteries
4 Insert two new AA batteries (alkaline or lithium) observing polarity When batteries are inserted correctly all LEDs blink briefly
5 Carefully realign the logger case and re-fasten the screws
WARNING Do not cut open incinerate heat above 85degC (185degF) or recharge the lithium batteries The batteries may explode if the logger is exposed to extreme heat or conditions that could damage or destroy the battery cases Do not dispose of the logger or batteries in fire Do not expose the contents of the batteries to water Dispose of the batteries according to local regulations for lithium batteries
HOBOware provides the option of recording the current battery voltage at each logging interval which is disabled by default Recording battery life at each logging interval takes up memory and therefore reduces logging duration It is recommended you only record battery voltage for diagnostic purposes
457 cm (18 inches)
1016 cm (4 inches)
The Bertreg 110 M
Plug Load Management with Measurement
If yoursquore like most facility managers you suspect that there are large potential savings from plug based loads Unfortunately you lack an easy way to document actual energy usage and savings The Bertreg Plug Load Management System with measurement‐enabled Bertreg 110M units is a brilliant solution
Measure energy use with Bertrsquos real‐time measurement features
Analyze energy use establishing optimal schedules and documenting savings
Control plug based devices throughout your facility
The Plug Load Problem
Studies show that plug based load is a large and growing source of energy use‐ estimated at 20 of energy use for offices and 25 of electricity for schools Yet many schools offices and retail locations are closed for nearly as many hours per year as they are open Bertreg provides the simple sophisticated tools to turn equipment on when buildings are occupied and off when theyrsquore not
How Bertreg Works
Each Bertreg contains a microprocessor that can communicate with the Bertbrain 1000 control software across your wireless network Bertreg can store 7‐day onoff schedules with multiple onoff commands each day This allows you to set schedules that mirror the actual operating hours of your facility and easily modify schedules throughout the year
Measure Analyze and Control
The Bertreg 110M features an energy
measurement chip that monitors the amount of
power flowing through the plug and reports this
information back to the Bertbrain 1000M
software program The measurement feature
allows you to know the actual energy
consumption of your equipment as used in your
facility rather than rely on estimates from
manufacturer spec sheets or industry studies
Load Shedding
Many utilities offer demand management or load shedding programs While you may already
have programs to reduce larger centralized loads such as air conditioning you never had a cost
effective way to add smaller distributed loads until now The Bertreg plug load management
systems makes controlling distributed loads both simple and cost effective Just hook your
water heaters air conditioners and vending machines up to Bert Using our Bertbrain
application you can set up a load shedding group and schedule Now when you have a load
shedding event with the click of a mouse you can easily turn off some or all of your plug load
devices Schedules can be created by groups of devices or type of building you can even cycle
specific buildings or devices for a preset time
ASHRAE 901 and California Title 24 Code Compliance
Since Bertreg provides both measurement and control capabilities in one system the Bertreg Plug
Load Management System helps commercial buildings comply with changes in the CA Title 24
2013 and the ASHRAE 901 2010 and 2013 Energy Codes Did you know the 2010 ASHRAE Code
requires Automatic Receptacle Control for 50 of a buildings receptacles The 2013 ASHRAE
Code requires Electrical Energy Monitoring meaning the receptacle circuits power must be
recorded at least every 15 minutes and reported hourly daily and monthly Similar
requirements are also included in the California Title 24 2013 section titled Electrical Power
Distribution Systems Not only do these code changes apply to new buildings and additions
but alterations to existing buildings such as changing 10 or your lighting load Whether you
are trying to control individual outlets with the Bertreg Smart Plugs or entire circuits with the
Bertreg Inline Series Bert makes ASHRAE 901 and CA Title 24 code compliance both affordable
and efficient
The Bertreg Advantage
Bertreg has many advantages over products such as timers or occupancy sensors Most timers
only hold a single schedule Bertreg can use multiple onoff times that will accurately reflect your
facilityrsquos true operational hours When holidays or summer breaks dictate schedule changes
new schedules are sent to Bertreg with the click of a mouse Since Bertreg is on your network Bertreg
does not have to be reset manually like timers after a power outage Occupancy sensors may
turn vending machines on when your building is unoccupied Your drinks donrsquot need to be
chilled when the cleaning crew or security guard walks by your vending machine at night
Thanks to the simple mass remote control with Bertreg your plug loads can easily be part of a
load shedding or demand curtailment program
The Bertreg Plug Load Management System
The Bertreg Plug Load Management System consists of the Bertbrain 1000 software application
your Wi‐Fi network and a virtually unlimited number of Bertsreg By simply plugging water
coolers coffee machines printers copiers etc into the Bertreg Smart Plug Series (Bertreg 110
Bertreg 110M and Bertreg Vend) or wiring circuits with the Bertreg Inline Series (Bertreg 110I Bertreg
110IR and Bertreg 220I) you can remotely measure analyze and control all of your receptacles
and circuits Bertreg runs on the existing Wi‐Fi network so all devices can be remotely controlled
in mass Each building can have a unique schedule thus turning equipment off during nights
weekends and holidays when buildings are unoccupied The Bertreg Plug Load Management
System installs quickly so energy savings are immediate and payback is 1 to 2 years
Learn more about how K‐12 schools colleges offices hospitals statelocal governments and
retailers are managing plug load with the Bertreg Plug Load Management System by visiting
httpwwwbertbraincom
Measure ‐ Analyze ‐ Control
Best Energy Reduction Technologies 840 First Avenue King of Prussia PA 19406 484‐690‐3820
Bertreg 110M Specifications (CONFIDENTIAL ndash Property of Best Energy Reduction Technologies LLC)
BERT110M_Specs 10-3-13 copy2013 Best Energy Reduction Technologies LLC
Feature Description
Dimensions 35rdquo W x 35rdquo H x 20rdquo D Weight 42 oz Operating Voltage 110 Volts Max Load Current Up to 15A Load Outlets 1 Load Plug Orientation In line with outlet
Push Button Hold 6 Seconds Turns ON Relay Hold 15 Seconds for Ad-Hoc Mode
Measurement Accuracy 5 up to 15 Amps Measurement Display Amps Volts and Watts Every 16 Seconds
Measurement Storage Up to 14 Days on the Unit Up to 3 Years in the Database
Measurement Reporting Hourly Daily Weekly Monthly and Yearly Operating Environment Indoor use
HardwareSoftware 1-Windows PC with Wireless 2-Windows 7 8 or Vista
Communication 80211(Wi-Fi) bg Compatible Protocol UDP Security 80211(WPAWPA2-PSK) (WEP 128) Certifications UL 916 ROHS FCC
PGampErsquos Emerging Technologies Program ET13PGE1063
APPENDIX D ndash ENERGY USE MONITORING RESULTS
All High-Efficacy Lighting Design for the Residential Sector Appendix D Monitored Energy Use Results
Wathen Castanos 1622
Daily load profiles for the lighting loads at the Wathen Castanos 1622 demonstration home are provided below In addition cumulative results over the course of the monitoring period are included Gaps in data are due to network errors Days with missing data were dropped from the analysis resulting in 157 days of monitored energy use spanning November 19 2014 to May 25 2015
The lighting energy use averages 300 kWh per day Extrapolating this average for an assumed usage of 365 days per year results in a calculated annual energy use of 1096 kWh
Figure 1 Total Energy Use for Wathen Castanos 1622 Demonstration Home
000
050
100
150
200
250
300
350
400
450
500
111
920
1411
24
2014
112
920
1412
42
014
129
201
412
27
2014
11
2015
16
2015
111
201
51
162
015
128
201
52
220
152
720
152
122
015
217
201
52
222
015
227
201
53
420
153
920
153
142
015
319
201
53
242
015
329
201
54
320
154
820
154
132
015
418
201
54
232
015
428
201
55
320
155
820
155
132
015
518
201
55
232
015
Daily Lighting Energy Use (kWh)
Figure 2 Weekly Energy Use for Wathen Castanos 1622 Demonstration Home
Figure 3 Energy Use for Mondays
Figure 4 Energy Use of Tuesdays
Figure 5 Energy Use of Wednesdays
Figure 6 Energy Use of Thursdays
Figure 7 Energy Use of Fridays
Figure 8 Energy Use of Saturdays
Figure 9 Energy Use of Sundays
Figure 10 Daily Energy Use over Monitoring Period
NorthWest Homes 2205
Daily lighting load profiles at the NorthWest Homes 2205 demonstration home are provided below In addition cumulative results over the course of the monitoring period are included for the 176 days monitored spanning October 29 2014 to April 20 2015
The lighting energy use averages 124 kWh per day Extrapolating this average for an assumed usage of 365 days per year results in a calculated annual energy use of 4509 kWh
Figure 11 Total Energy Use for NorthWest Homes 2205 Demonstration Home
000
050
100
150
200
250
102
920
1411
32
014
118
201
411
13
2014
111
820
1411
23
2014
112
820
1412
32
014
128
201
412
13
2014
121
820
1412
23
2014
122
820
141
220
151
720
151
122
015
117
201
51
222
015
127
201
52
120
152
620
152
112
015
216
201
52
212
015
226
201
53
320
153
820
153
132
015
318
201
53
232
015
328
201
54
220
154
720
154
122
015
417
201
5
Daily Lighting Energy Use (kWh)
Figure 12 Weekly Cumulative Energy Use for NorthWest Homes 2205 Demonstration Home
Figure 13 Energy Use for Mondays
Figure 14 Energy Use of Tuesdays
Figure 15 Energy Use of Wednesdays
Figure 16 Energy Use of Thursdays
Figure 17 Energy Use of Fridays
Figure 18 Energy Use of Saturdays
Figure 19 Energy Use of Sundays
Figure 20 Energy Use per Day over Monitoring Period Duration
Meritage Homes 3085
Daily load profiles for the ceiling fan and lighting loads at the Meritage 3085 demonstration home are provided below During post-data collection one receptacle was identified as being on the lighting circuit This is included in the 75 days of monitored energy use below spanning January 31 2015 to April 15 2015
The monitored energy use averages 356 kWh per day Extrapolating this average for an assumed usage of 365 days per year results in a calculated annual lighting related energy use of 1300 kWh
Figure 21 Total Energy Use for Meritage 3085 Demonstration Home
0
1
2
3
4
5
6
Daily Lighting Energy Use (kWh)
Figure 22 Weekly Cumulative Energy Use for Meritage 3085 Demonstration Home
Figure 23 Energy Use for Mondays
Figure 24 Energy Use of Tuesdays
Figure 25 Energy Use of Wednesdays
Figure 26 Energy Use of Thursdays
Figure 27 Energy Use of Fridays
Figure 28 Energy Use of Saturdays
Figure 29 Energy Use of Sundays
Figure 30 Energy Use per Day over Monitoring Period Duration
PGampErsquos Emerging Technologies Program ET13PGE1063
LIGHTING DESIGN _______________________________________________________ 23 LIGHTING SYSTEM INSTALLATION ____________________________________________ 32 SYSTEM PERFORMANCE EVALUATION ________________________________________ 39 SURVEY RESPONSES______________________________________________________ 39 SYSTEM MONITORING RESULTS _____________________________________________ 44 RECOMMENDATIONS ____________________________________________________ 55 APPENDIX A ndash SURVEY QUESTIONS __________________________________________ 56 APPENDIX B ndash AHE COMPLIANT PRODUCTS ___________________________________ 59 APPENDIX C ndash MEASUREMENT AND DATA COLLECTION EQUIPMENT SPECIFICATIONS ____ 67 APPENDIX D ndash ENERGY USE MONITORING RESULTS _____________________________ 127
vi
PGampErsquos Emerging Technologies Program ET13PGE1063
EXECUTIVE SUMMARY Current Title 24 Building code requirements call for use of high-efficacy lighting in a limited number of residential space types Builders are allowed to install low efficacy lighting if they also install dimming controls However significant load reduction and energy savings over current code-compliant designs can be achieved through the use of All High-Efficacy (AHE) lighting design practices Currently AHE lighting design practice utilizes application appropriate controls paired with high-quality dimmable light emitting diode (LED) luminaires or GU-24 socketed fixtures paired with GU-24 base LED replacement lamps By current code definition GU-24 base lamps are the only replacement lamps considered high-efficacy while traditional Edison screw-base sockets are considered low-efficacy In addition to limiting the source type to LED only AHE lighting requires a minimum quality standard for interior LED sources requiring a CRI rating of at least 90 and a CCT between 2700 K and 4000 K
PROJECT GOAL This effort identifies best practices for developing a cost-effective AHE residential lighting measure through the evaluation of emerging residential lighting design practices purchasing processes installation practices and the end-user experience associated with AHE lighting To identify the best practices the project team considered current residential lighting products the installed socket base in a typical home industry accepted illuminance recommendations for residential applications and current energy efficiency code compliant design practices
PROJECT DESCRIPTION Emerging residential lighting design practices purchasing processes installation practices and the end-user experience of an AHE lighting system were evaluated through energy monitoring analysis and cost information collected from multiple residential demonstration sites Demonstration data provided a quantitative understanding of the AHE lighting system benefits and barriers and through builder and homeowner surveys a qualitative understanding of the AHE residential lighting measure and user satisfaction
PROJECT RESULTS The California Lighting Technology Center (CLTC) worked with residential home builders to modify their existing lighting designs to include all AHE lighting Based on these lighting designs the estimated residential lighting load reduction achieved by installing AHE lighting packages in new single- and multi-family homes located in PGampE territory is 0 - 61 in comparison to 2008 Title 24 compliant lighting packages provided by participating builders for the same floor plan This ET study started prior to the effective date of the 2013 Title 24 code cycle so this comparison was based on the 2008 Title 24 code In 2010 an average US residence used 1556 kWh annually for lighting with a typical lighting power density of 10 to 14 Watts per square foot A summary of energy use data collected from demonstration sites with AHE lighting systems is provided in Table 1
1
PGampErsquos Emerging Technologies Program ET13PGE1063
TABLE 1 SUMMARY LIGHTING ENERGY USE OF AHE LIGHTING SYSTEMS
Site Livable Square
Footage
Lighting Schedule
Calculated Peak Load (kW)
Measured Peak Lighting Load
(kW)
Lighting Power Density
(LPD)
Calculated Annual Lighting Energy Use
(kWh)
Wathen Castanos 1622 059 046 028 10960
North West Homes 2205 071 062 028 4509
Meritage Homes 3085 112 111 036 13004
The material costs of AHE lighting systems compared to current code compliant lighting systems varied based on residential applications For example the cost of an integrated downlight with housing and trim ring that meets the AHE lighting definition is approximately $36 per unit as compared to the estimated baseline cost of $70 for a compact fluorescent lamp ballast housing and trim ring Both scenarios require equivalent installation costs In addition the cost of AHE lighting components reduced over the course of this project with integrated LED downlights that meet the AHE lighting definition ranging in price from $25 to $50 and LED replacement lamps that meet the AHE lighting definition ranging from $7 to $25 as of the time of this report Builder and homeowner survey results were collected from all three demonstration sites Builder survey results make clear that cost and code requirements are the primary drivers considered during the lighting design process Builder responses note that utility rebate and incentive programs are influential in the lighting design decision making process but less so than Title 24 requirements Compared to other building systems most builders reported lighting as having less than 1 impact on the overall home budget Builders do not anticipate issues regarding end-user adoption of dedicated LED luminaires based on their ldquohigh quality performance and longevity claimsrdquo but do make clear that it is ldquosomewhat difficultrdquo to find Title 24-compliant products for GU-24 integrated LED luminaires quick connect options and track lighting categories in todayrsquos market The majority of the homeowner survey results indicate that the AHE lighting system is either ldquobetterrdquo or ldquothe samerdquo as compared to the lighting in their previous home which was a mixture of linear fluorescent incandescent and compact fluorescent lighting technologies The majority of homeowners were ldquosatisfiedrdquo with the AHE lighting in the kitchen bathroom common living spaces bedrooms and dining room as compared to their previous home Steps were taken to update the lighting to address the ldquoextreme dissatisfactionrdquo with the garage lighting at one demonstration site
PROJECT RECOMMENDATIONS Over the duration of the project the project team identified product availability and cost barriers to the adoption of AHE lighting for residential applications Participating builders unanimously responsed that challenges for builders to be compliant with AHE lighting requirements include the economics associated with AHE lighting products and the limited availability of AHE lighting products that can be quickly purchased at a hardware store For the AHE lighting designs implemented in this study two of the three AHE lighting designs exceeded the typical lighting budget for the builders
2
PGampErsquos Emerging Technologies Program ET13PGE1063
Programmatic recommendations to overcome these barriers if enacted will help increase widespread adoption of AHE systems Lighting systems that comply with the AHE definition range in performance and cost These ranges are predominantly linked to the lighting systemrsquos electrical architecture affecting controls compatibility heat transfer and allowable installation locations system efficiency light quality light output and component cost With recent developments in LED technology and electrical architecture Edison-based replacement lamp performance has improved and cost has reduced dramatically
In addition to fixture integrated and GU-24 socket LED lighting solutions it is recommended that the AHE definition include lighting fixtures installed with Edison sockets and shipped with an Edison base source complying with the high-efficacy high-quality requirements If enacted the increased product availability and reduced cost of the Edison-based LED lamps meeting the high-efficacy high-quality requirements will help overcome barriers to the adoption of AHE lighting for residential applications
INTRODUCTION Current California building energy efficiency standards call for use of high-efficacy lighting in most residential space types however additional load reduction and energy savings can be achieved through the use of an All High-Efficacy (AHE) lighting design practice
Currently AHE lighting design practice utilizes application appropriate controls paired with dimmable high-quality high efficacy light emitting diode (LED) luminaires or high-quality high efficacy GU-24 fixtures paired with GU-24 base LED replacement lamps By current code definition GU-24 base lamps are the only replacement lamps considered high-efficacy while traditional Edison screw-base sockets are considered low-efficacy In addition to limiting the source type to LED only AHE lighting requires a minimum quality standard for interior LED sources requiring a CRI of at least 90 and a CCT between 2700 K and 4000 K Future cycles of standards are expected to continue to increase the requirements for high-efficacy lighting The California Energy Commission recently adopted a residential AHE lighting requirement for the 2016 Title 24 update on June 10 2015 In response to increased development and availability of residential AHE lighting products and their potential for energy savings and lighting quality improvement over current code-compliant lighting systems PGampE is interested in gathering data to inform future changes to building and appliance efficiency standards To achieve this goal verification of market availability lighting load reduction energy savings and system performance is needed to support the residential AHE lighting design practice
BACKGROUND CURRENT BUILDING CODE
The California Energy Commission (Commission) estimates its energy efficiency standards have saved Californians over $74 billion in electricity costs since they were first adopted in
3
PGampErsquos Emerging Technologies Program ET13PGE1063
1975 For homeowners energy efficiency helps ensure that a home is affordable to operate both now and in the future Californiarsquos efficiency standards increase the reliability and availability of electricity thus allowing our electrical system to operate in a more stable manner This benefits Californiarsquos economy as well as the health and well-being of all Californians The Commission adopted the 2013 Building Energy Efficiency Standards (Title 24) on May 31 2012 and the Building Standards Commission approved them for publication on January 11 2013 Applications for building permits submitted on or after July 1 2014 must adhere to the 2013 Title 24 language The 2013 Title 24 standards place a strong emphasis on high-efficacy lighting lighting controls and high performance fenestration products It is expected that future code cycles will continue this trend In order to be considered high-efficacy luminaires must be designed to operate with only energy-efficient light sources GU-24 base lamps are the only replacement lamps considered high-efficacy by definition traditional Edison screw-base sockets are considered low-efficacy Per 2013 Title 24 luminaires and lamps listed in Table 2 are considered either high-efficacy or low-efficacy regardless of measured performance
TABLE 2 HIGH-EFFICACY AND LOW-EFFICACY LAMPS AND LUMINAIRES
Low-efficacy High-efficacy
Mercury vapor lamps Pin-based linear fluorescent or CFLs with electronic ballasts
Line-voltage or low-voltage sockets compatible with any kind of incandescent lamps
Pulse-start metal halide lamps
High-efficacy lamps including screw-base CFLs and LED lamps installed in low-efficacy luminaires
High-pressure sodium lamps
Luminaires using LED light sources not certified to the Commission Induction lamps
Track lighting GU-24 sockets rated for CFLs or LED lamps Lighting systems that allow for conversion between high-efficacy and low-efficacy lighting without changing wiring or housing
Luminaires using LED light sources that have been certified to the Energy Commission
Luminaire housings rated by the manufacturer for use with only LED light engines
4
PGampErsquos Emerging Technologies Program ET13PGE1063
Permanently installed luminaires not included in Table 1 may only be considered high-efficacy if they meet the efficacy requirements of Table 3
TABLE 3 MINIMUM LUMINAIRE EFFICACY FOR HIGH-EFFICACY COMPLIANCE
Luminaire Power Rating Minimum Luminaire Efficacy 5 watts or less 30 lumens per watt
Over 5 watts to 15 watts 45 lumens per watt Over 15 watts to 40 watts 60 lumens per watt Over 40 watts 90 lumens per watt
In addition to increasing requirements for high-efficacy lighting in the home the 2013 Title 24 standards set a minimum quality standard for integral LED luminaires and LED light engines These quality standards can be found in the Joint Appendices (JA) Section 81 LED luminaires must have a CRI of at least 90 to be defined as high efficacy Indoor LED luminaires must have a CCT between 2700K and 4000K Outdoor LED luminaires may have any CCT rating between 2700 K and 5000 K
INSTALLED RESIDENTIAL LIGHTING As of 2010 there were a total of 113153000 residences in the United States2 In these residences 62 of lamps were incandescent 23 were CFLs 10 were linear fluorescent 4 were halogen and less than 1 was other luminaire types including LED replacement lamps and integrated LED luminaires3 About 90-95 of these luminaires are considered low-efficacy under 2013 Title 24 These homes used an average of 46 watts per lamp4 and had about 51 lamps per residence5 only 3 lamps per home incorporated dimming controls6 These lights operate for an average of 18 hours per day averaging 1556 kWh of electricity use a year and have a lighting power density between 10 and 14 watts per square foot of interior space7 There are still a very high number of incandescent lamps in use and most CFL lamps are equipped with screw bases and are considered low-efficacy by Title 24 as shown in Table 4
1 California Energy Commission 2013 Building Energy Efficiency Standards httpwwwenergycagovtitle242013standards 2 US DOE 2010 US Lighting Market Characterization pg 37 table 410 httpapps1eereenergygovbuildingspublicationspdfsssl2010-lmc-final-jan-2012pdf 3 US DOE 2010 US Lighting Market Characterization pg 39 table 412 httpapps1eereenergygovbuildingspublicationspdfsssl2010-lmc-final-jan-2012pdf 4 US DOE 2010 US Lighting Market Characterization pg 40 table 413 httpapps1eereenergygovbuildingspublicationspdfsssl2010-lmc-final-jan-2012pdf 5 US DOE 2010 US Lighting Market Characterization pg 42 table 415 httpapps1eereenergygovbuildingspublicationspdfsssl2010-lmc-final-jan-2012pdf 6 US DOE Residential Lighting End-Use Consumption Study pg 48 table 46 httpapps1eereenergygovbuildingspublicationspdfsssl2012_residential-lighting-studypdf 7 US DOE 2010 US Lighting Market Characterization pg 42 table 415 httpapps1eereenergygovbuildingspublicationspdfsssl2010-lmc-final-jan-2012pdf
5
PGampErsquos Emerging Technologies Program ET13PGE1063
TABLE 4 RESIDENTIAL LIGHTING USE BY SOCKET PERCENTAGE
Room Type Electricity
use per room (kWhyr)
Incandescent CFL Linear
Fluorescent Halogen Other
Total Sockets per Home ()8
Bathroom 242 74 20 3 2 1 18
LivingFamily Room 228 61 29 3 5 1 14
Bedroom 222 67 28 2 3 0 16
Kitchen 215 45 23 22 7 3 13
Exterior 214 59 24 2 14 2 11
Hall 111 72 22 2 4 1 8
Dining Room 105 81 15 1 3 0 6
Garage 69 35 13 51 1 0 5
Office 41 58 27 8 6 0 4
Closet 32 60 20 17 2 0 NA
Basement 28 40 30 28 1 0 NA
OtherUnknown 26 53 17 24 6 0 5
LaundryUtility Room 25 50 19 28 2 0 NA
Current estimates expect a 122 annual growth rate for the square footage of residences9 LEDs are expected to expand their market presence representing 25 of the installed base of lumen-hours by 2020 and 62 by 203010
While the 2013 Title 24 standards are a significant step toward the AHE lighting home there are still allowances for low-efficacy lighting solutions As a result traditional low-efficacy lighting technologies remain a viable option for builders despite rising market availability and performance of high-efficacy solutions Future cycles of Title 24 are expected to continue to increase the requirements for high-efficacy lighting potentially moving to an AHE lighting design
CURRENT LIGHTING DESIGN PRACTICES The project team surveyed residential builders lighting designers and electrical distributors with businesses in PGampE territory to assess the current and anticipated lighting design practices being implemented in residential new construction for the period from 2013 to 2016
Participants in the survey include James Benya of Benya Burnett Consultancy Pam Whitehead of Sage Architecture Katie Lesh of Lumenscom and Adele Chang of Lim Chang Rohling amp Associates The trends gathered in the survey are outlined below
8 Energy Star CFL Market Profile Page 23 Table 11 httpwwwenergystargoviaproductsdownloadsCFL_Market_Profile_2010pdf 9 Navigant Consulting Energy Savings Potential of Solid State Lighting in General Illumination Applications pg 6 httpapps1eereenergygovbuildingspublicationspdfssslssl_energy_savi_ntial_finalpdf 10 US DOE Energy Savings Potential of Solid State Lighting in General Illumination Applications pg 39 httpapps1eereenergygovbuildingspublicationspdfssslssl_energy-savings-report_jan-2012pdf
6
PGampErsquos Emerging Technologies Program ET13PGE1063
bull In most production style homes designers anticipate gradual change out from CFL to LED Today there is a mix of fluorescent and LED being installed as the LED price point is falling
bull Designers anticipate increasing market penetration for LEDs for segments of residential population focused on improved color rendition in interior and exterior applications
bull LED solutions are installed mostly in ambient interior lighting applications such as down lights under cabinet lighting and cove lighting
o High-end homes are more likely to specify four-inch aperture down lights o Built-in lighting fixtures such as down lights are also commonly found in
multi-tenant units as a space saving feature or as an upgrade in single family homes
bull LED solutions are also installed today in niche interior accent lighting such as handrails displays toe kicks
bull LED solutions are installed today in some outdoor applications such as tree up-lights bollards integrated step lights in-water lighting hardscape outlining and other niche lighting
bull LED solutions are trending towards color changing capabilities bull Lighting control systems are becoming prevalent in high-end housing with wireless
solutions allowing for more retrofit market penetration bull From distributorrsquos perspective LEDs are the top seller for todayrsquos residential market bull From the designerrsquos perspective LEDs rarely gets specified due to high price point
7
PGampErsquos Emerging Technologies Program ET13PGE1063
LIGHTING MARKET SURVEY The project team completed a product survey and review of current market information to determine the feasibility of implementing an AHE lighting design using existing AHE technologies The lighting fixtures included in this report are appropriate for various space types in the residential application as determined by lighting design principles to achieve application appropriate light levels A sample of lighting fixtures fulfilling the AHE definition (as of September 2014) are included in Appendix B Types of lighting fixtures included are ceiling-mounted recessed ceiling-mounted surface ceiling-mounted suspended wall mounted under cabinet and vanity
EMERGING PRODUCT The AHE lighting design practice utilizes application appropriate controls paired with dimmable light emitting diode (LED) fixtures or GU-24 socketed fixtures paired with GU-24 base LED replacement lamps By current code definition GU-24 base lamps are the only replacement lamps considered high-efficacy while traditional Edison screw-base sockets are considered low-efficacy In addition to limiting the source type to LED only AHE lighting requires a minimum quality standard for interior LED sources requiring a CRI of at least 90 and a CCT between 2700 K and 4000 K Based on floor plans provided by participating builders and results from the lighting product market survey the project team modeled AHE lighting designs to demonstrate the potential for an all AHE lighting design to meet lighting requirements and deliver energy savings as compared to current code-compliant lighting systems The project team conducted design charrettes for both single family (1870 square feet) and multi-family (605 square feet) homes The resulting AHE lighting packages are provided in Table 5 and Table 6 respectively These packages represent a sample of emerging products currently available to meet the AHE requirements
8
PGampErsquos Emerging Technologies Program ET13PGE1063
TABLE 5 SINGLE FAMILY HOME AHE LIGHTING DESIGN
Space Type AHE Fixture Fixture Load (W)
Quantity Total Load (W)
Kitchen Cree CR6 12 6 72
Under cabinet
Unilume 18 2 36
85 1 85
Nook Philips LED Chandelier 225 1 225
Pantry Cree CR6 12 1 12
Great Room Cree CR6 12 4 48
Entry Cree CR6 12 2 24
Hallways Cree CR6 12 3 36
Office Cree CR6 12 1 12
Bathroom 2 GU-24 Vanity with Illumis
Lamps 137 3 411
Water Closet Cree CR6 12 1 12
Bedroom 2 Cree CR6 12 2 24
Bedroom 3 Cree CR6 12 2 24
Coat Closet Cree CR6 12 1 12
Utility Room Cree CS14 38 1 38
Garage Cree CS14 38 1 38
Porch Cree CR6 12 6 72
Exterior Wall Sconce Borden 774 LED 14 4 56
Master Bedroom Cree CR6 12 4 48
Master Closet Cree CS14 38 1 38
Master Bathroom
GU-24 Vanity with Illumis
Lamps 137 3 411
Cree CR6 12 2 24
Water Closet Cree CR6 12 1 12
TOTAL 7512
9
PGampErsquos Emerging Technologies Program ET13PGE1063
TABLE 6 MULTI- FAMILY HOME AHE LIGHTING DESIGN
Space Type AHE Fixture
Fixture Load (W)
Fixture Quantity
Total Load (W)
Kitchen Cree CR6 12 4 48
Dining Philips Ledino Pendant
225 1 225
Entry Cree CR6 12 1 12
Bath GU-24 Vanity with Illumis
Lamps 137 3 411
Cree CR6 12 1 12
Exterior Wall Sconce Borden 774 14 1 14
TOTAL (W) 1496
10
PGampErsquos Emerging Technologies Program ET13PGE1063
TECHNOLOGY ASSESSMENT
The project team evaluated the residential lighting design purchasing process installation and end-user experience associated with AHE lighting systems through quantitative and qualitative analysis The technical approach employs the use of a product and market survey field deployments in PGampE territory and demonstration system performance evaluations Builder and homeowner end-user surveys provided a qualitative understanding of the AHE lighting measure and user satisfaction The quantitative evaluation included energy monitoring and cost information collection for AHE lighting systems installed at the residential demonstration sites In addition this report includes identified barriers and required next steps necessary for development of energy efficiency programs targeting residential lighting energy savings
TECHNICAL APPROACH This effort identifies best practices for developing a cost-effective AHE residential lighting measure through the evaluation of emerging residential lighting design practices purchasing processes installation practices and the end-user experience associated with AHE lighting The project team considered the following criteria to identify the best practices current residential lighting market offerings industry accepted illuminance recommendations for residential applications current energy efficiency code compliant design practices and installed sockets in the typical residential home The project team installed AHE lighting systems in three new homes where builder and homeowner feedback was gathered regarding the lighting The project team collected lighting system performance and energy use data
The project team conducted the technical approach to evaluate the AHE lighting system in six parts the confirmation of commercially available AHE lighting products through a market survey demonstration site selection development of AHE lighting designs for selected demonstration sites installation of AHE lighting systems at demonstration sites monitoring of AHE lighting system performance and the reduction and analysis of the collected performance data
MARKET SURVEY The project team implemented a survey to collect current market information regarding the feasibility of implementing an AHE lighting design with commercially available lighting products Steps were taken to review all publically available residential lighting manufacturer literature through dialogues with manufacturers about their current and future AHE lighting product offerings examination of manufacturer websites and discussions with distributors in PGampE territory The project team updated the fixture survey over the course
11
PGampErsquos Emerging Technologies Program ET13PGE1063
of this effort allowing for analysis of cost and performance trends of AHE lighting products A copy of the complete market survey is provided in the appendices
SITE SELECTION Davis Energy Group (DEG) identified residential builders in PGampE territory during the summer of 2013 DEG used the following methods to identify builder candidates and encourage participation webinar presentation of opportunity to PGampE California Advanced Home Program (CAHP) builders and other attendees leveraging DEGrsquos participation in LEED for Homes in California and DOE Building America to discuss participation with other member organizations and outreach activities with the builder utility and code compliance community Of the identified builders the project team prioritized those who were willing to install AHE lighting systems and participate in the associated installation survey experience The project team required participating builders to sell select AHE homes to homeowners willing to comply with up to one year of site monitoring and participation in a survey to evaluate their satisfaction with the AHE lighting system The project team incentivized builders who adhered to these criteria to install the AHE lighting systems Builders provided electrical plans to the project team to allow for the AHE lighting system design update At the time of the design builders submitted plans that adhered to 2008 Title 24 code requirements Residential builders that declined to participate in advanced measures including AHE lighting systems for their new construction homes cited varying reasons including concern that the systems would be a lsquodistractionrsquo no interest in new building methods and not being lsquokeen on utility programsrsquo One builder provided insight into the industry as of July 7 2013 saying ldquoUnderstand that the timing of this could not be worse for you with new home construction on the rebound ALL builders are stretched at the moment and labor and material shortages are starting to hit across the nation
LIGHTING DESIGN Using lighting design software (AGi32) to create a model of a two-story home the project team simulated AHE lighting system performance to confirm that it could provide application appropriate illumination levels The project team referenced the Illuminating Engineering Society (IES) recommended light levels for this work by space type per IES Handbook 10th Edition shown in Table 7 Wathen Castanos Hybrid Homes Inc a builder participant in this study provided the representative two-story floor plans shown in Figures 1 and 2 Figure 3 shows a typical floor plan for a one-story home also provided by Wathen Castanos Hybrid Homes Inc
12
PGampErsquos Emerging Technologies Program ET13PGE1063
TABLE 7 LIGHTING FOR RESIDENCES PER IES HANDBOOK 10TH EDITION
Application and Task
Horizontal Illuminance
Target (Avg fc)
Vertical Illuminance
Target (Avg fc)
Notes
Living Room 3 3 E_h floor
E_v 4AFF
Dining Room
Formal 5 2 E_h table plane E_v 4AFF
Informal 10 4 E_h table plane E_v 4AFF
Study Use 20 5 E_h table plane E_v 4AFF
Kitchen
Breakfast Area 20 5 E_h eating surfaces
E_v 4AFF
Cabinets - 5 E_v face of cabinets
Cooktops 30 5 E_h cooking surfaces
General 5 - E_h floor
Preparation Counters 50 75 E_h prep surfaces
Sinks 30 5 E_h top of sink
13
PGampErsquos Emerging Technologies Program ET13PGE1063
FIGURE 1 TYPICAL FIRST FLOOR ELECTRICAL PLAN OF A TWO-STORY HOME
14
PGampErsquos Emerging Technologies Program ET13PGE1063
FIGURE 2 TYPICAL SECOND FLOOR ELECTRICAL PLAN OF A TWO-STORY HOME
15
PGampErsquos Emerging Technologies Program ET13PGE1063
FIGURE 3 TYPICAL ELECTRICAL PLAN OF A ONE-STORY HOME
16
PGampErsquos Emerging Technologies Program ET13PGE1063
The project team modeled the AHE lighting design that best achieved recommended light levels fully for the living room dining room and kitchen Figure 4 and Figure 5 show renderings of the residential dwelling designed to light levels called out in Table 7 This design resulted in a lighting power density of 02 Watts per square foot (Wsf) for the living room 023 Wsf for the dining room and 050 Wsf for the kitchen
FIGURE 4 RESIDENTIAL KITCHEN RENDERING WITH ALL HIGH-EFFICACY LIGHTING
17
PGampErsquos Emerging Technologies Program ET13PGE1063
FIGURE 5 RESIDENTIAL LIVING AND DINING ROOM RENDERING WITH ALL HIGH-EFFICACY LIGHTING
The project team also evaluated the potential of an AHE design for a multi-family home The multi-family-home building plans provided by builder participants include specifications for dedicated socket types but did not specify source wattages A copy of this floor plan is provided in Figure 6
FIGURE 6 MULTI-FAMILY HOME BUILDING PLAN
18
PGampErsquos Emerging Technologies Program ET13PGE1063
LIGHTING SYSTEM INSTALLATION Participating builders installed site specific AHE lighting designs No issues were encountered during the installation of the AHE lighting designs Builders anecdotally reported that AHE lighting components are similar if not the same to install as legacy products The project team conducted site visits to verify correct operation of the lighting system and assess the electrical service architecture for use in finalizing the measurement and verification plan
SYSTEM MONITORING The project team collected data on the photometric performance energy consumption and builder and homeowner satisfaction with the AHE lighting systems The tools and methods employed to collect data are provided in the following sections Copies of builder and homeowner surveys are included in Appendix A of this report and the responses are provided in the results section
PHOTOMETRIC PERFORMANCE The project team characterized the photometric performance of the installed AHE lighting systems using recommended practices from the Illuminating Engineering Societyrsquos The Lighting Handbook Tenth Edition The Lighting for Residential Applications chapter references target residential applications and tasks with specific lighting requirements The project team collected illuminance data for the living room kitchen and dining room applications and compared it to recommended residential illuminance target values provided in Table 7 Equipment used to gather illuminance data is provided in Table 8
TABLE 8 PHOTOMETRIC PERFORMANCE CHARACTERIZATION
Measurement Manufacturer Model Image
Illuminance (footcandles fc) Konica Minolta T-10A
19
PGampErsquos Emerging Technologies Program ET13PGE1063
BUILDER AND HOMEOWNER SURVEY To capture builder and homeowner end-user experiences with the AHE lighting systems demonstrated in this project the project team developed survey tools to collect feedback in a rigorous manner The results of the surveys will be used to better understand barriers to market adoption of AHE lighting systems Copies of each survey are included in Appendix A
ENERGY MONITORING The project team specified metering equipment for installation at the participating demonstration homes to monitor lighting system energy use The accuracy of the circuit-level metering equipment meets the accuracy requirements of the ANSI C121 standard when used with Continental Control System current transformers rated for IEEE C5713 class 06 accuracy The project team determined that the receptacle loads and lighting loads are on the same circuit for two of the three demonstration homes To separate the lighting and receptacle loads the project team specified and installed receptacle-level monitoring equipment to allow for updated energy use monitoring in the amendment to this report The specified receptacle monitoring equipment has a rated accuracy of 5 when monitoring up to a 15 amp load Table 9 lists the equipment specified for use at the participating demonstration homes
TABLE 9 SPECIFIED MONITORING EQUIPMENT
Monitoring Equipment Type Model
AC Power Measurement Device WattNode RWNB-3Y-208-P
Current Transformers CCS CTL-1250
Data Logger HOBO UX120-017M
Receptacle Power Quality Recorder BERT Smart Plug 110M
The project team deployed the measurement and verification equipment at the demonstration homes as shown in Figure 7 to collect lighting energy use data in one minute intervals The project team deployed monitoring equipment at each receptacle that is on a circuit shared with lighting loads
20
PGampErsquos Emerging Technologies Program ET13PGE1063
FIGURE 7 INSTALLATION SCHEMATIC OF ENERGY LOGGING EQUIPMENT
DATA PROCESSING AND ANALYSIS The project team collected data at each demonstration site for an extended monitoring period determined for each demonstration site based on the occupancy date of the demonstration home The project team downloaded data intermittently to verify operation of equipment for processing and analysis
DATA PROCESSING To process the data the project team consolidated the raw data streams generated from the multiple lighting and receptacle data loggers into one master comma separated value (csv) file based on time stamp correlation The number of raw data streams varied from site to site based on the lighting and receptacle circuitry of each demonstration home
WATHEN CASTANOS 1622 Energy use data collected at the Wathen Castanos 1622 demonstration site consisted of one data stream of circuit level energy use at one minute resolution and 30 receptacle energy
21
PGampErsquos Emerging Technologies Program ET13PGE1063
use data streams at one hour resolution The project team binned circuit level energy use into hour resolution to allow for circuit and receptacle data to be analyzed together
NORTHWEST 2205 Energy use data collected at the NorthWest 2205 demonstration site consisted of one data stream of circuit level energy use at one minute resolution and 27 receptacle energy use data streams at one hour resolution The project team binned circuit level energy use into hour resolution to allow for circuit and receptacle data to be analyzed together
MERITAGE 3085 Energy use data collected at the Meritage 3085 demonstration site consisted of two data streams of circuit level energy use at one minute resolution The project team binned circuit level energy use into hour resolution to allow for direct comparison to the other demonstration homes
DATA ANALYSIS
WATHEN CASTANOS 1622 The project team collected lighting and receptacle energy use data for 177 days The project team identified plug load lighting by site walk confirmation and confirmed via data reduction of the receptacle energy monitoring data The project team applied one-time power factors (PF) measurements of the entertainment center appliances were applied to receptacle data streams to scale the load according to the appliance state (onoffstandby) Summed energy use resulting in negative energy use was is attributed to receptacle load energy use and negative values were zeroed to more accurately reflect actual energy use
NORTHWEST 2205 The project team collected lighting and receptacle energy use data for 176 days The project team identified plug load lighting by site walk and confirmed during data reduction of the receptacle energy monitoring data based on known light source wattages The project team determined data streams with one time load peaks of 300 Watts or greater to be outliers and dropped from the analysis The project team categorized peak loads of less than or equal to 70 Watts as lighting loads based on typical residential receptacle use Peak loads greater than 70 Watts were categorized as other loads The project team applied one-time power factors (PF) measurements of the entertainment center appliances to receptacle data streams to scale the load according to the appliance state (onoffstandby) Summed energy use resulting in negative energy use is attributed to receptacle load energy use Negative values were zeroed to more accurately reflect lighting energy use
MERITAGE 3085 The project team collected lighting and ceiling fan energy use data for 75 days Ceiling fan loads and one receptacle in the office were determined to be on the lighting circuit during the data reduction process and are included in the energy use analysis
22
PGampErsquos Emerging Technologies Program ET13PGE1063
RESULTS The project team evaluated AHE lighting systems for their capacity to reduce residential lighting loads provide residential energy savings and deliver application appropriate light levels This work included a market survey site selection lighting design lighting system installation monitoring of the system performance and data analysis
MARKET SURVEY To collect current lighting market information pertaining to the feasibility of implementing an AHE lighting design with commercially available lighting products the project team completed a review of all available residential lighting manufacturer literature This included dialogues with manufacturers about their current and future AHE lighting product offerings examination of manufacturer websites and discussions with distributors in PGampE territory The project team updated the results of the survey over the course of this effort allowing for cost and performance trend analysis of AHE lighting product offerings The AHE lighting product types included in this report are recessed downlight under cabinets wall-mount vanity surface ceiling-mount suspended ceiling-mount and wall-mount sconce light fixtures and are appropriate for residential applications as determined by lighting design illuminance level and uniformity requirements All fixtures fulfilling the AHE lighting system definition at the time of this report are included in the All High-Efficacy Lighting Design Guide provided in Appendix B
LIGHTING DESIGN Based on the lighting market survey results and each demonstration site building plan preliminary AHE lighting layouts were designed preliminary layouts were modeled to confirm that the design provides application appropriate illumination levels and the final iteration of the design was specified for installation in the demonstration sites The project team referenced the IES Handbook 10th Edition recommended light levels for this work by space type Referenced illumination levels are provided in Table 7 Three builders were selected to install AHE lighting designs Wathen Castanos NorthWest Homes and Meritage Homes Each participating builder provided a new construction single-family homes of varying square footage Wathen Castanos provided a single-family home building plan for their 1622 square foot floor plan shown in Figure 8
23
PGampErsquos Emerging Technologies Program ET13PGE1063
FIGURE 8 WATHEN CASTANOS SINGLE-FAMILY HOME FLOOR PLAN 1622
Table 10 contains the specified lighting design and calculated load reduction over the 2008-compliant lighting design the builder typically implemented at the time of this installation The specifications define dedicated sockets types but do not specify source wattages The project team specified possible low and high source wattages for socket types in the lsquooriginalrsquo lighting package in Table 10 In comparison to the 2008 Title 24 compliant design
24
PGampErsquos Emerging Technologies Program ET13PGE1063
the AHE lighting package resulted in a calculated load reduction of 35 to 59 for the one-story single-family home
TABLE 10 WATHEN CASTANOS 1622 AHE LIGHTING DESIGN AND LOAD REDUCTION OVER 2008 TITLE 24 COMPLIANT DESIGN
Space Type Non AHE fixture
type (builder original)
Low Load (W)
High Load (W)
Quantity
Low Load Total (W)
High Load Total (W)
AHE Fixture
AHE Load (W)
AHE Quantity
AHE Total Load (W)
Kitchen Fluorescent Downlight 13 26 6 78 156 Cree CR6 12 6 72
Dining Ceiling Fan
Incandescent Light Kit
40 60 4 160 240 Satco LED
Lamps 98 5 49
Cree CR6 12 2 24
Great Room Fluorescent
Surface Mount Fixture
13 26 1 13 26 Cree CR6 12 4 48
Master Bedroom
Ceiling Fan Incandescent
Light Kit 40 60 4 160 240 Cree CR6 12 4 48
Master Bathroom
Fluorescent Downlight 13 26 3 39 78 Cree CR6 12 3 36
Fluorescent
Vanity 26 52 2 52 104 Satco LED
Lamps 98 8 784
Master Closet
Linear Fluorescent
Fixture (4 lamp) 112 128 1 112 128 Cree
CS14 37 1 37
Bedroom (2) Fluorescent
Surface Mount Fixture
13 26 2 26 52 Cree CR6 12 2 24
Bedroom (3)Study
Fluorescent Surface Mount
Fixture 13 26 2 26 52 Cree CR6 12 2 24
Bathroom Fluorescent Downlight 13 26 2 26 26
Satco LED
Lamps 98 2 196
Fluorescent Vanity 13 26 3 39 78
Satco LED
Lamps 98 3 294
Laundry Fluorescent Downlight 13 26 1 13 26
Satco LED
Lamps 98 2 196
Garage Linear
Fluorescent Fixture (4 lamp)
112 128 1 112 128 Cree CS14 37 1 37
Entry Fluorescent
Surface Mount Fixture
13 26 2 26 52 Cree CR6 12 2 24
Hallway Fluorescent
Surface Mount Fixture
13 26 2 26 52 Cree CR6 12 2 24
TOTAL 908 1438 594
AHE Load Reduction 346 587
25
PGampErsquos Emerging Technologies Program ET13PGE1063
NorthWest Homes provided a single-story single-family home building plan using their 2205 square foot floor plan shown in Figure 9
FIGURE 9 NORTHWEST SINGLE-FAMILY HOME FLOOR PLAN 2205
Table 11 contains the specified lighting design and calculated load reduction over the 2008 compliant lighting design the builder typically implemented at the time of this installation The specifications define dedicated sockets types but do not specify source wattages The project team specified possible low and high source wattages for socket types in the lsquooriginalrsquo lighting package in Table 11 In comparison to the 2008 Title 24 compliant design the lighting package resulted in a calculated load reduction of 37 to 61 for the one-story single-family home
26
PGampErsquos Emerging Technologies Program ET13PGE1063
TABLE 11 NORTHWEST HOMES 2205 AHE LIGHTING DESIGN AND LOAD REDUCTION OVER 2008 TITLE 24 COMPLIANT DESIGN
Space Type
Non AHE fixture type
(builder original)
Low Load (W)
High Load (W)
Quantity
Low Load Total (W)
High Load Total (W)
AHE Fixture
AHE Load (W)
AHE Quantity
AHE Total Load (W)
Kitchen Can Fluorescent 13 26 6 78 156 Cree CR6 12 6 72
Nook Ceiling Light Incandescent 40 43 1 40 43 Cree CR6 12 1 12
Pantry Can Fluorescent 13 26 1 13 26 Cree CR6 12 1 12
Great Room Fan with Light 13 43 3 39 129 Cree CR6 12 4 48
Flush Incandescent 40 43 1 40 43 - - - -
Entry Ceiling Light Incandescent 40 43 2 80 86 Cree CR6 12 2 24
Hallways Flush Incandescent 40 43 3 120 129 Cree CR6 12 3 36
Office Ceiling Light Incandescent 40 43 1 40 43 Cree CR6 12 1 12
Bathroom 2
Wall mount Incandescent 40 43 2 80 86 Illumis
Lamps 411 1 411
Water Closet
Ceiling Light Incandescent 40 43 1 40 43 Cree CR6 12 1 12
Bedroom 2 Fan with Light 13 43 3 39 129 Cree CR6 12 2 24
Bedroom 3 Fan with Light 13 43 3 39 129 Cree CR6 12 2 24
Coat Closet
Can Fluorescent 13 26 1 13 26 Cree CR6 12 1 12
Utility Room
Ceiling Linear Fluorescent 28 32 1 28 32 Cree CR6 12 2 24
Garage Ceiling Linear Fluorescent 28 32 3 84 96 Cree
CS14 38 1 38
Porch Ceiling Light Fluorescent 13 26 6 78 156 Cree CR6 12 6 72
Exterior Wall mount Fluorescent 13 26 4 52 104 Illumis
Lamps 137 4 548 Wall Sconce Master
Bedroom Fan with Light 13 43 3 39 129 Cree CR6 12 4 48
Master Closet
Ceiling Linear Fluorescent 28 32 1 28 32 Cree CR6 12 2 24
Master Bathroom
Wall mount Incandescent 40 43 2 80 86 Illumis
Lamps 411 2 822
Ceiling Light Fluorescent 13 26 2 26 52 Cree CR6 12 2 24
Water Closet
Ceiling Light Incandescent 40 43 1 40 43 Cree CR6 12 1 12
TOTAL
1116 1798
7081
AHE Load Reduction 366 606
27
PGampErsquos Emerging Technologies Program ET13PGE1063
Meritage Homes provided a two-story single-family home building plan for their 3085 square foot floor plan shown in Figure 10 and Figure 11
FIGURE 10 MERITAGE FIRST FLOOR SINGLE-FAMILY HOME FLOOR PLAN 3085
28
PGampErsquos Emerging Technologies Program ET13PGE1063
FIGURE 11 MERITAGE SECOND FLOOR SINGLE-FAMILY HOME FLOOR PLAN 3085
Table 12 contains the specified AHE lighting design and calculated load reduction over the 2008 compliant lighting design the builder typically implemented at the time of this installation The specifications define dedicated sockets types but do not specify source wattages The project team specified possible low and high source wattages for socket types in the lsquooriginalrsquo lighting package in Table 12 In comparison to the 2008 Title 24 compliant design the AHE lighting package resulted in a calculated load reduction of 0 to 11 for the two-story single-family home
29
PGampErsquos Emerging Technologies Program ET13PGE1063
TABLE 12 MERITAGE 3085 AHE LIGHTING DESIGN AND LOAD REDUCTION OVER 2008 TITLE 24 COMPLIANT DESIGN
Space Type
Non AHE fixture type
(builder original)
Low Load (W)
High Load (W)
Quantity
Low Load Total (W)
High Load Total (W)
AHE Fixture AHE Source AHE
Fixture Load (W)
Quantity AHE Total Load (W)
Great Room FanDome 26 52 1 26 52 FanDome CREE CR6 12 4 48
Kitchen Fluorescent downlight 13 26 4 52 104 LED
Downlight Cree CR6 12 4 48
Fluorescent Undercabinet 19 37 2 38 74 - - - - -
Optional Pendant 13 26 2 26 52 LED
Pendant CREE TW 135 2 27
Closet 13 26 13 26 LED Dome Cree TW 135 2 27
Powder Room Vanity 26 52 1 26 52 Vanity CREE TW 135 2 27
Dining Fluorescent downlight 13 26 1 13 26 LED
Chandelier Illumis Lamp 137 5 685
Owners Entry Dome 13 26 1 13 26 Dome CREE TW 135 2 27
Pocket Office Fluorescent downlight 13 26 1 13 26 LED
Downlight Cree CR6 12 1 12
Nook Fluorescent downlight 13 26 1 13 26 LED
Downlight Cree CR6 12 2 24
Pantry Fluorescent downlight 13 26 1 13 26 LED
Downlight Cree CR6 12 2 24
Porch Recessed 13 26 1 13 26 Exterior Ceiling Cree CR6 12 2 24
Exterior lights Wall mount 13 26 1 13 26 Wall Mount Exterior Illumis Lamp 137 3 411
Garage 1x4 T8 Fixture 60 70 1 60 70 1x4 T8 Fixture CREE T8 44 2 88
Foyer Fluorescent downlight 13 26 1 13 26 LED
Downlight Cree CR6 12 2 24
Stairs Fluorescent downlight 13 26 1 13 26 LED
Downlight Cree CR6 12 2 24
Linen closet Fluorescent downlight 13 26 1 13 26 LED
Downlight Cree CR6 12 1 12
Bathroom Vanity 26 52 1 26 52 Vanity CREE TW 27 1 27
Hallway Fluorescent downlight 13 26 1 13 26
Integrated LED Downlight
Cree CR6 12 4 48
Laundry 1x4 T8 Fixture 60 70 1 60 70 1x4 T8 Fixture CREE T8 44 1 44
Attic E26 Socket 13 26 1 13 26 E26 socket CREE TW 135 1 135
Game room FanDome 52 104 1 52 104 FanDome CREE TW 54 1 54
Bath 2 Fluorescent downlight 13 26 1 13 26 LED
Downlight Cree TW 135 3 405
Bedrooms Dome 26 52 1 26 52 Dome Feit Candelabra 49 6 294
- - - - - - Dome Feit A-Lamp 10 3 30
Bedroom Walk in Closets Dome 13 26 1 13 26 Dome Cree TW 135 6 81
Master Bedroom FanDome 52 104 1 52 104 FanDome Feit Candelabra 49 4 196
Master Closet Dome 13 26 1 13 26 Dome Illumis 137 4 548
Master Bathroom Fluorescent downlight 13 26 1 13 26 LED
Downlight Cree CR6 12 1 12
LED Vanity Illumis 137 6 822
Cree TW 12 2 24
Bath 3 Fluorescent downlight 13 26 1 13 26 LED
Downlight Cree CR6 12 1 12
TOTAL (W)
678 1254
11176
AHE Load Reduction ()
- 11
30
PGampErsquos Emerging Technologies Program ET13PGE1063
The project team considered a multi-family home builder for inclusion in the program The provided building plan is shown in Figure 12 Table 13 contains the specified AHE lighting design and calculated load reduction over the 2008 compliant lighting design the builder typically implemented at the time of this installation In comparison to the 2008 Title 24 compliant design the AHE lighting package resulted in a calculated load reduction of 50 for one unit of the multi-family home
FIGURE 12 HERITAGE COMMONS MULTI-FAMILY HOME BUILDING PLAN
31
PGampErsquos Emerging Technologies Program ET13PGE1063
TABLE 13 MULTI- FAMILY HOME AHE LIGHTING DESIGN AND LOAD REDUCTION OVER 2008 TITLE 24 COMPLIANT DESIGN
Space Type Non AHE fixture
type (builder original)
Original Load (W)
Original Quantity
Original Total Load
(W)
AHE Fixture
AHE Load (W)
AHE Quantity
AHE Total
Load (W)
Kitchen Fluorescent Down light
26 4 104 Cree CR6 12 4 48
Dining Progress Pendant 100 1 100 Philips Ledino Pendant
225 1 225
Entry Fluorescent Down light
22 1 22 Cree CR6 12 1 12
Bath Fluorescent 17 2 34
GU-24 Vanity Fixture with
Illumis Lamps
137 3 411
Fluorescent Down light
13 1 13 Cree CR6 12 1 12
TOTAL (W) 2730 1356
AHE Load Reduction
() 503
LIGHTING SYSTEM INSTALLATION The installation of the AHE lighting systems did not require additional installation techniques by the construction team compared to 2008 Title 24 compliant systems Photographs of an AHE lighting system installed in a Wathen Castanos model home are provided below
32
PGampErsquos Emerging Technologies Program ET13PGE1063
FIGURE 13 AHE LIGHTING SYSTEM INSTALLATION IN KITCHEN
33
PGampErsquos Emerging Technologies Program ET13PGE1063
FIGURE 14 AHE LIGHTING SYSTEM INSTALLATION IN LIVING ROOM
34
PGampErsquos Emerging Technologies Program ET13PGE1063
FIGURE 15 AHE LIGHTING SYSTEM INSTALLATION IN BATHROOM
35
PGampErsquos Emerging Technologies Program ET13PGE1063
The cost of AHE lighting components have reduced over the course of this project with integrated high quality high efficacy LED downlights ranging in price from $25 to $50 and high quality high efficacy LED replacement lamps ranging from $7 to $25 as of the time of this report Detailed AHE lighting system cost information for the demonstration sites are contained in Table 14 15 and 16 Costs for lighting system components utilized in both the 2008 Title 24 compliant and AHE lighting designs are not included For instance downlight housings and control components are not listed
TABLE 14 WATHEN CASTANOS 1622 AHE LIGHT SOURCE COST INFORMATION
Space Type AHE Fixture AHE Quantity Price per Fixture ($)
Total Price per Space Type ($)
Kitchen Cree CR6 6 $25 $150
Dining LED Chandelier and Satco LED Lamps 1 $408 $408
Cree CR6 2 $25 $50
Great Room Cree CR6 4 $25 $100
Master Bedroom Cree CR6 5 $25 $125
Master Bathroom Cree CR6 2 $25 $50
Satco LED Lamp 8 $29 $232
Master Closet Cree CS14 1 $407 $407
Bedroom (2) Cree CR6 2 $25 $50
Bedroom (3)Study Cree CR6 2 $25 $50
Bathroom Dome Fixture and Satco LED Lamps 2 $29 $58
Vanity Fixture and Satco LED Lamps 3 $29 $87
Laundry Cree CR6 2 $25 $50
Garage Cree CS14 1 $407 $407
Entry Cree CR6 2 $25 $50
Hallway Cree CR6 2 $25 $50
TOTAL $2324
36
PGampErsquos Emerging Technologies Program ET13PGE1063
TABLE 15 NORTHWEST HOMES 2205 AHE LIGHT SOURCE COST INFORMATION
Space Type AHE Fixture AHE Quantity Price per Fixture ($)
Total Price per Space Type ($)
Kitchen Cree CR6 6 $25 $150
Nook Cree CR6 1 $25 $25
Pantry Cree CR6 1 $25 $25
Great Room Cree CR6 4 $25 $100
Entry Cree CR6 2 $25 $50 Hallways Cree CR6 3 $25 $75
Office Cree CR6 1 $25 $25
Bathroom 2 Illumis Lamps 3 $27 $81
Water Closet Cree CR6 1 $25 $25
Bedroom 2 Cree CR6 2 $25 $50
Bedroom 3 Cree CR6 2 $25 $50
Coat Closet Cree CR6 1 $25 $25
Utility Room Cree CR6 2 $25 $50
Garage Cree CS14 1 $407 $407
Porch Cree CR6 6 $25 $150
Exterior Wall Sconces Illumis Lamps 4 $27 $108
Master Bedroom Cree CR6 4 $25 $100
Master Closet Cree CR6 2 $25 $50 Master
Bathroom Illumis Lamps 2 $27 $54
Cree CR6 2 $25 $50
Water Closet Cree CR6 1 $25 $25
TOTAL $1675
37
PGampErsquos Emerging Technologies Program ET13PGE1063
TABLE 16 MERITAGE 3085 AHE LIGHT SOURCE COST INFORMATION
Space Type AHE Fixture AHE Source Quantity
Price per Fixture
($)
Total Price per Space Type ($)
Great Room FanDome CREE TW 4 $15 $60
Kitchen LED Downlight Cree CR6 4 $25 $100
Optional Pendant CREE TW 2 $15 $30
Closet LED Dome CREE TW 2 $15 $30
Powder Room Vanity CREE TW 2 $15 $30
Dining Chandelier Illumis Lamps 5 $27 $135
Owners Entry Dome CREE TW 2 $15 $30
Pocket Office LED Downlight Cree CR6 1 $25 $25
Nook LED Downlight Cree CR6 2 $25 $50
Pantry LED Downlight Cree CR6 2 $25 $50
Porch Exterior Ceiling Illumis Lamp 2 $27 $54
Exterior lights Wall Mount Exterior
Illumis Lamp 3 $27 $81
Garage 1x4 T8 Fixture CREE T8 2 $35 $70
Foyer LED Downlight Cree CR6 2 $25 $50
Stairs LED Downlight Cree CR6 2 $25 $50
Linen Closet LED Downlight Cree CR6 1 $25 $25
Bathroom Vanity CREE TW 2 $15 $30
Hallway Integrated LED Downlight Cree CR6 4 $25 $100
Laundry 1x4 T8 Fixture CREE T8 1 $35 $35
Attic E26 socket CREE TW 1 $15 $15
Game room FanDome CREE TW 4 $15 $60
Bath 2 LED Downlight Cree TW 3 $15 $45
Bedrooms Dome Feit Candelabra 6 $7 $42
Dome Feit A-Lamp 3 $7 $21
Walk in Closet Dome CREE TW 6 $15 $90
Master Bedroom FanDome Feit
Candelabra 4 $7 $28
Master Closet Dome Illumis 4 $27 $108
Master Bathroom LED Downlight Cree CR6 1 $25 $25
LED Vanity Illumis 6 $27 $162
Bath 3 LED Downlight Cree CR6 1 $25 $25
TOTAL $1656
38
PGampErsquos Emerging Technologies Program ET13PGE1063
SYSTEM PERFORMANCE EVALUATION The project team monitored the builder and homeowner end-user satisfaction photometric performance and energy consumption of the installed AHE lighting systems according to the test method outlined in this report The results of the system performance evaluation are provided below
SURVEY RESPONSES To capture builder and homeowner end-user experiences with the AHE lighting systems deployed for evaluation in this project the project team developed survey tools in order to collect feedback in a rigorous manner The results of the surveys will be used to better understand barriers to market adoption of AHE lighting systems and inform the recommendations for next steps Responses to the builder and homeowner surveys are included in the following sections
BUILDER SURVEY RESPONSES The three participating builders completed the AHE lighting system installation The survey response below is for Wathen Castanos (WC) Northwest Homes (NH) and Meritage Homes (MH)
Q What is the primary driver(s) for lighting specification choices bull WC Cost and Title 24 Code Requirements bull NH Title 24 Code Requirements then customer preference bull MH Cost without sacrificing product reliability and then Title 24 Code Requirements
Q At what point in your design process are appliance or energy codes such as T24 considered
bull WC In the plan design stage bull NH Beginning before plans are submitted for plan check review bull MH When determining the lighting schedule
Q How often is your initial plan altered in order to comply with T24 requirements
bull WC Typically not until there is a mandated code update bull NH About 50 of the time although T24 is considered throughout all designs bull MH Very rarely to comply more often to exceed T24 requirements Typically
altered to take advantage of local utility incentives Q What is your typical budget for lighting in a small mid-sized and large home
bull WC Small $500 Mid-Sized $800 Large $1900 bull NH Small $2000 Mid-Sized $3000 Large $4000 bull MH Small $500 Mid-Sized $850 Large $1400
Q Does the lighting design or technologies used vary depending on the locale or price-point of the home If so how
bull WC Yes the high end homes will typically have a higher quality finish on the light fixtures
39
PGampErsquos Emerging Technologies Program ET13PGE1063
bull NH Yes we allow approximately $125 per square foot of the home for lighting and ceiling fans We use a lot of LED recessed can lighting in kitchens and hallways as standard The electrical contractor includes those in his bid about $9000 each
bull MH Yes location and the associated market affect this decision Builder competition also influences if LED lighting or solar is offered as a way to differentiate ourselves
Q Compared to other building systems how large an impact does lighting have on a homersquos budget (as a percent)
bull WC Less than 1 bull NH Including cost increase for high efficiency lighting due to lack of product
availability about 15 bull MH About 02
Q How difficult is it to find Title 24 compliant products for each of the following product categories
Not Difficult
Somewhat Difficult
Very Difficult
Not Applicable
GU-24 MH WC NH
Integral LEDs vs replacement lamps WC NH MH
Quick connects WC NH MH
New track lighting requirements WC NH MH
Q How often do homeowners ask for a lighting change after construction is completed
bull WC Almost Never bull NH Often bull MH Almost Never
Q Do they try to replace luminaires with non-compliant alternatives bull WC Occasionally bull NH Often bull MH Almost Never
Q What role do the utility companies play in your lighting design decision making process
bull WC Rebates and Incentives bull NH None Title 24 only bull MH None
Q What challenges do you foresee arising that will make AHE compliance difficult
bull WC Economics ndash price of high efficacy products 90 CRI Product availability ndash most products canrsquot be quickly purchased at hardware stores
bull NH Economics ndash price of high efficacy products 90 CRI Product availability ndash most products canrsquot be quickly purchased at hardware stores
bull MH Economics ndash price of high efficacy products 90 CRI Product availability ndash most products canrsquot be quickly purchased at hardware stores
40
PGampErsquos Emerging Technologies Program ET13PGE1063
Q With integral LED luminaires becoming part of Title 24 compliance do you foresee any issues with end-users adopting this lighting appliance
bull WC No It will become the norm and current home owners do not like fluorescent fixtures
bull NH No the lighting quality of new LED lights seem to be acceptable to most buyers bull MH No not with the LED light quality and longevity Cost may be an issue
Changing components rather than bulbs may be an issue
HOMEOWNER SURVEY RESPONSES At the time of this report all participating demonstration homes had been occupied for sufficient time to collect survey responses The homeowner survey response provided below is for the Wathen Castanos 1622 homeowner (WC) NorthWest Homes 2205 homeowners (NH1 and NH2) and Meritage Homes 3085 homeowner (MH)
Q Please compare the lighting in your new home to the lighting in your previous home Do you think that each of the following aspects of lighting is better worse or the same in your new home
Better Worse The same I donrsquot know
I like the color of the lighthellip WC NH1 NH2 MH
The light levels in the space arehellip WC NH1
NH2 MH
Objects under the light lookhellip NH1 NH2 WC MH The aesthetic of the fixtures arehellip NH1 NH2 MH WC The lighting controllability ishellip WC NH2 MH NH1 The glare of the lighting ishellip NH1 NH2 MH WC
41
PGampErsquos Emerging Technologies Program ET13PGE1063
Q Rate your satisfaction with the AHE lighting in each room type in your new home Use the following scale
1 Extremely dissatisfied 2 Dissatisfied 3 No difference in satisfaction from lighting in last home 4 Satisfied 5 Extremely satisfied
WC Responses bull Kitchen Satisfied bull Bathroom No difference in the satisfaction from lighting in last home bull Common Living Spaces Satisfied bull Bedrooms Satisfied bull Dining Room No difference in the satisfaction from lighting in last home bull Garage No difference in the satisfaction from lighting in last home
NH1 Responses
bull Kitchen Satisfied bull Bathroom Satisfied bull Common Living Spaces Extremely Satisfied bull Bedrooms Satisfied bull Dining Room Dissatisfied bull Garage Extremely Dissatisfied
NH2 Responses
bull Kitchen Dissatisfied (no undercounter lighting) bull Bathroom Satisfied bull Common Living Spaces Extremely Satisfied bull Bedrooms Satisfied bull Dining Room Satisfied bull Garage Extremely Dissatisfied
MH Responses
bull Kitchen Satisfied bull Bathroom Satisfied bull Common Living Spaces Satisfied bull Bedrooms Satisfied bull Dining Room Satisfied bull Garage No difference in the satisfaction from lighting in last home
42
PGampErsquos Emerging Technologies Program ET13PGE1063
Q What type of lighting did you use in your previous home WC Response
a Linear fluorescent b Incandescent c CFLs
NH1 Response
a Linear fluorescent b Incandescent c CFLs d Other Halogen Under Counter
NH2 Response
a Linear fluorescent b Incandescent c CFLs d Other Halogen
MH Response Incandescent Q For one standard residential screw-base light fixture what is the most that you would be willing to pay for a single light bulb
bull WC Response $11-15 bull NH1 Response $6-10 bull NH2 Response $1-5 bull MH Response $1-5
Q Rate your familiarity with the following topics Use the following scale 1 I have never heard of it before 2 I have heard of this but am not sure exactly what it means 3 I am familiar with this concept but not an expert 4 I am an expert when it comes to this concept
WC Response bull GU-24 based lamps I have never heard of it before bull LED replacement lamps I am familiar with this concept but not an expert bull Integral LED luminaires I have heard of this but am not sure exactly what it
means bull Adaptive lighting controls I have never heard of it before bull Color Rendering Index I am familiar with this concept but not an expert bull Correlated Color Temperature I have heard of this but am not sure exactly what
it means
43
PGampErsquos Emerging Technologies Program ET13PGE1063
NH1 Response bull GU-24 based lamps I have never heard of it before bull LED replacement lamps I am familiar with this concept but not an expert bull Integral LED luminaires I have never heard of it before bull Adaptive lighting controls I have heard of this but am not sure exactly what it
means bull Color Rendering Index I am familiar with this concept but not an expert bull Correlated Color Temperature I have heard of this but am not sure exactly what
it means NH2 Response
bull GU-24 based lamps I am familiar with this concept but not an expert bull LED replacement lamps I am familiar with this concept but not an expert bull Integral LED luminaires I have never heard of it before bull Adaptive lighting controls I am familiar with this concept but not an expert bull Color Rendering Index I have never heard of it before bull Correlated Color Temperature I have never heard of it before
MH Response
bull GU-24 based lamps I have never heard of it before bull LED replacement lamps I am familiar with this concept but not an expert bull Integral LED luminaires I have heard of this but am not sure exactly what it
means bull Adaptive lighting controls I have heard of this but am not sure exactly what it
means bull Color Rendering Index I am familiar with this concept but not an expert bull Correlated Color Temperature I have heard of this but am not sure exactly what
it means Q How important to you is the ability to maintain your own lighting within your home (Replace burnt-out light bulbsfixtures repair or replace controls etc)
bull WC Response Important that I can replace light bulbs only bull NH1 Response Not at all important I can pay a technician to do those tasks bull NH2 Response Important that I can perform any maintenance task necessary
MH Response Important that I can replace light bulbs only
SYSTEM MONITORING RESULTS The project team monitored the energy and photometric performance of the installed AHE lighting systems according to the test method outlined in this report Results are provided below
PHOTOMETRIC PERFORMANCE The project team characterized the photometric performance of the AHE lighting system installed at the Wathen Castanos 1622 home utilizing the recommended practices from the Illuminating Engineering Societyrsquos The Lighting Handbook Tenth Edition The Lighting for
44
PGampErsquos Emerging Technologies Program ET13PGE1063
Residential Applications chapter was referenced to identify target applications and tasks for residences with specific lighting requirements The project team collected illuminance measurements for the living kitchen dining and bathroom applications Results and recommended light levels are summarized in Table 17
45
PGampErsquos Emerging Technologies Program ET13PGE1063
TABLE 17 WATHEN CASTANOS 1622 MEASURED ILLUMINANCE
Application and Task
Horizontal Illuminance
Target (Avg fc)
Vertical Illuminance
Target (Avg fc)
Measured Horizontal
Illuminance (Avg fc)
Measured Vertical
Illuminance (Avg fc)
Notes
Living Room 3 3 53 NA E_h floor E_v 4AFF
Dining Room 210 NA
Formal 5 2 - - E_h table plane E_v 4AFF
Informal 10 4 - - E_h table plane E_v 4AFF
Study Use 20 5 - - E_h table plane E_v 4AFF
Kitchen
Breakfast Area 20 5 348 297 E_h eating
surfaces E_v 4AFF
Cabinets - 5 - 246 E_v face of cabinets
Cooktops 30 5 207 205 E_h cooking surfaces
General 5 - 314 271 E_h floor Preparation
Counters 50 75 194 159 E_h prep surfaces
Sinks 30 5 362 226 E_h top of sink
Bathroom
Shower 5 - 552 1809 E_h floor E_v 3AFF
Toilet 10 - 304 272 E_h floor
Vanity (Grooming) 30 - 501 342 E_h floor E_v 5AFF
46
PGampErsquos Emerging Technologies Program ET13PGE1063
ENERGY USE MONITORING Energy use data collected at the demonstration sites over the course of this effort is provided in this section Detailed lighting load profiles are provided in Appendix D Raw data is available upon request A comparison of estimated and measured lighting energy use is provided in Table 18 Estimated annual lighting energy use assumes 18 hours of use per day11
TABLE 18 SUMMARY OF CALCULATED AND MEASURED LIGHTING ENERGY USE
Site Area (sf)
Lighting Schedule
Calculated Load (kW)
Measured Peak Lighting
Load (kW)
Measured LPD
Calculated Annual Lighting
Energy Use (kWh)
Estimated Annual Lighting
Energy Use (kWh)
Wathen Castanos 1622 059 046 028 1096 3022
North West Homes
2205 071 062 028 4509 4073
Meritage Homes 3085 112 111 036 13004 7293
Wathen Castanos 1622 Daily lighting energy use profiles at the Wathen Castanos 1622 demonstration home are provided below In addition cumulative results over the course of the monitoring period are included Date gaps in data are due to network errors Days with missing data were dropped from the analysis resulting in 157 days of monitored energy use spanning November 19 2014 to May 25 2015 The lighting energy use averages 300 kWh per day Extrapolating this average for an assumed usage of 365 days per year results in a calculated annual energy use of 1096 kWh
11 US DOE 2010 US Lighting Market Characterization pg 42 table 415 httpapps1eereenergygovbuildingspublicationspdfsssl2010-lmc-final-jan-2012pdf
47
PGampErsquos Emerging Technologies Program ET13PGE1063
FIGURE 16 TOTAL DAILY ENERGY USE FOR WATHEN CASTANOS 1622 DEMONSTRATION HOME
FIGURE 17 WEEKLY ENERGY USE FOR WATHEN CASTANOS 1622 DEMONSTRATION HOME jh
000050100150200250300350400450500
111
920
1411
24
2014
112
920
1412
42
014
129
201
412
27
2014
11
2015
16
2015
111
201
51
162
015
128
201
52
220
152
720
152
122
015
217
201
52
222
015
227
201
53
420
153
920
153
142
015
319
201
53
242
015
329
201
54
320
154
820
154
132
015
418
201
54
232
015
428
201
55
320
155
820
155
132
015
518
201
55
232
015
Daily Lighting Energy Use (kWh)
48
PGampErsquos Emerging Technologies Program ET13PGE1063
Energy use per day is provided based on sunrise and sunset definitions to identify day and night lighting energy use
FIGURE 18 ENERGY USE PER DAY OVER MONITORING PERIOD DURATION
NorthWest Homes 2205 Daily lighting energy use profiles at the NorthWest Homes 2205 demonstration home are provided below In addition cumulative results over the course of the monitoring period are included for the 176 days spanning October 29 2014 to April 20 2015 The lighting energy use averages 124 kWh per day Extrapolating this average for an assumed usage of 365 days per year results in a calculated annual energy use of 4509 kWh
49
PGampErsquos Emerging Technologies Program ET13PGE1063
FIGURE 19 TOTAL ENERGY USE FOR NORTHWEST HOMES 2205 DEMONSTRATION HOME
000
050
100
150
200
250
102
920
1411
32
014
118
201
411
13
2014
111
820
1411
23
2014
112
820
1412
32
014
128
201
412
13
2014
121
820
1412
23
2014
122
820
141
220
151
720
151
122
015
117
201
51
222
015
127
201
52
120
152
620
152
112
015
216
201
52
212
015
226
201
53
320
153
820
153
132
015
318
201
53
232
015
328
201
54
220
154
720
154
122
015
417
201
5
Daily Lighting Energy Use (kWh)
50
PGampErsquos Emerging Technologies Program ET13PGE1063
FIGURE 20 WEEKLY CUMULATIVE ENERGY USE FOR NORTHWEST HOMES 2205 DEMONSTRATION HOME
Energy use per day is provided based on sunrise and sunset definitions to identify day and night lighting energy use
51
PGampErsquos Emerging Technologies Program ET13PGE1063
FIGURE 21 ENERGY USE PER DAY OVER MONITORING PERIOD DURATION
52
PGampErsquos Emerging Technologies Program ET13PGE1063
Meritage 3085 Daily energy use profiles for the ceiling fan and lighting loads at the Meritage 3085 demonstration home are provided below Post-data collection one receptacle was identified as being on the lighting circuit This is included in the 75 days of monitored energy use below spanning January 31 2015 to April 15 2015 The monitored energy use averages 356 kWh per day Extrapolating this average for an assumed usage of 365 days per year this results in a calculated annual lighting related energy use of 1300 kWh
FIGURE 22 TOTAL ENERGY USE FOR MERITAGE 3085 DEMONSTRATION HOME
0
1
2
3
4
5
6
131
201
5
23
2015
26
2015
29
2015
212
201
5
215
201
5
218
201
5
221
201
5
224
201
5
227
201
5
32
2015
35
2015
38
2015
311
201
5
314
201
5
317
201
5
320
201
5
323
201
5
326
201
5
329
201
5
41
2015
44
2015
47
2015
410
201
5
413
201
5
Daily Lighting Energy Use (kWh)
53
PGampErsquos Emerging Technologies Program ET13PGE1063
FIGURE 23 WEEKLY CUMULATIVE ENERGY USE FOR MERITAGE 3085 DEMONSTRATION HOME
Energy use per day is provided based on sunrise and sunset definitions to identify day and night lighting energy use
54
PGampErsquos Emerging Technologies Program ET13PGE1063
FIGURE 24 ENERGY USE PER DAY OVER MONITORING PERIOD DURATION
RECOMMENDATIONS Over the duration of the project product availability and cost barriers to the adoption of AHE lighting for residential applications were identified Participating builders unanimously responsed that challenges for builders to be compliant with AHE lighting requirements include the economics associated with AHE lighting products and the limited availability of AHE lighting products that can be quickly purchased at a hardware store For the AHE lighting designs implemented in this study two of the three AHE lighting designs exceeded the typical lighting budget for the builders Programmatic recommendations to overcome these barriers if enacted will help increase widespread adoption of AHE systems Lighting systems that comply with the AHE definition range in performance and cost These ranges are predominantly linked to the lighting systemrsquos electrical architecture affecting controls compatibility heat transfer and allowable installation locations system efficiency light quality light output and component cost With recent developments in LED technology and electrical architecture Edison-based replacement lamp performance has improved and cost has reduced dramatically In addition to fixture integrated and GU-24 socket LED lighting solutions it is recommended that the AHE definition include lighting fixtures equipped with Edison sockets and installed with an Edison base source complying with the high-efficacy high-quality requirements If enacted the increased product availability and reduced cost of the Edison-based LED lamps meeting the high-efficacy high-quality requirements will help overcome barriers to the adoption of AHE lighting for residential applications
55
PGampErsquos Emerging Technologies Program ET13PGE1063
APPENDIX A ndash SURVEY QUESTIONS BUILDER SURVEY CONTENT
1 Describe the lighting design process for your team bull What is the primary driver(s) for lighting specification choices (ie cost T24
requirements customer preference fixture availability etc) bull At what point in your design process are appliance or energy codes such as T24
considered bull How often is your initial plan altered in order to comply with T24 requirements
2 What is your typical budget for lighting in a small mid-sized and large home
bull Does the lighting design or technologies used vary depending on the locale or price-point of the home If so how
bull Compared to other building systems how large an impact does lighting have on a homersquos budget (as a percent)
3 How difficult is it to find Title 24 compliant products for each of the following product
categories Not
Difficult Somewhat
Difficult Very
Difficult GU-24 familiarity Integral LEDs vs replacement lamps Quick connects New track lighting requirements
4 How often do homeowners ask for a lighting change after construction is completed
(Never Almost Never Occasionally Often) bull Do they try to replace luminaires with non-compliant alternatives (Never Almost
Never Occasionally Often) 5 What role do the utility companies play in your lighting design decision making process
bull Rebates and Incentives bull Marketing tools bull Other tasks
6 What challenges do you foresee arising that will make AHE compliance difficult
bull Economics ndash price of high efficacy products 90 CRI bull Education ndash does install team need to learn how to install new technologies bull Product availability ndash most products canrsquot be quickly purchased at hardware stores bull Other
7 With integral LED luminaires becoming part of Title 24 compliance do you foresee any
issues with end-users adopting this lighting appliance
56
PGampErsquos Emerging Technologies Program ET13PGE1063
HOMEOWNER SURVEY CONTENT 2 Please compare the lighting in your new home to the lighting in your previous home Do
you think that each of the following aspects of lighting is better worse or the same in your new home
Better Worse The same I donrsquot know I like the color of the lighthellip The light levels in the space arehellip Objects under the light lookhellip The aesthetic of the fixtures arehellip The lighting controllability ishellip The glare of the lighting ishellip
3 Rate your satisfaction with the AHE lighting in each room type in your new home Use
the following scale 1 Extremely dissatisfied 2 Dissatisfied 2 No difference in satisfaction from lighting in last home 3 Satisfied 4 Extremely satisfied
bull Kitchen 1 2 3 4 5 bull Bathroom 1 2 3 4 5 bull Common Living Spaces 1 2 3 4 5 bull Bedrooms 1 2 3 4 5 bull Dining Room 1 2 3 4 5 bull Garage 1 2 3 4 5
4 What type of lighting did you use in your previous home Circle all that apply a Linear fluorescent b Incandescent c CFLs d LEDs e Other _______________ f I donrsquot know
5 For one standard residential screw-base light fixture what is the most that you would
be willing to pay for a single light bulb
a $1-5 b $6-10 c $11-15 d $16+
6 Rate your familiarity with the following topics Use the following scale
1 I have never heard of it before 2 I have heard of this but am not sure exactly what it means
57
PGampErsquos Emerging Technologies Program ET13PGE1063
3 I am familiar with this concept but not an expert 4 I am an expert when it comes to this concept
bull GU-24 based lamps 1 2 3 4 bull LED replacement lamps 1 2 3 4 bull Integral LED luminaires 1 2 3 4 bull Adaptive lighting controls 1 2 3 4 bull Color Rendering Index 1 2 3 4 bull Correlated Color Temperature 1 2 3 4
7 How important to you is the ability to maintain your own lighting within your home
(Replace burnt-out light bulbsfixtures repair or replace controls etc) 1 Not at all important I can pay a technician to do those tasks 2 Important that I can replace light bulbs only 3 Important that I can replace light bulbs and ballastsdriversassociated
electronics 4 Important that I can perform any maintenance task necessary
58
PGampErsquos Emerging Technologies Program ET13PGE1063
APPENDIX B ndash AHE COMPLIANT PRODUCTS
CEILING-MOUNTED RECESSED LUMINAIRESCEILING-MOUNTED RECESSED LUMINAIRES
PRODUCT CCT CRI WATTSEFFICACY
(Lumens Watt)
Cree LED Lighting
4 ROUND DOWNLIGHT KR4-9L-27K-V KR4T-SSGC-
2700 K 90 13 W 50
Dasal Architectural Lighting
QUADRA LED TRIM 2-500--BRO-FL-9027-800
3000 K 95 12 W 52
Dasal Architectural Lighting STAR LITE XIC LED TRIM 2-167-01-BRO-FL-9027-800
2700 K 91 12 W 51
Designers Fountain
6 DIMMABLE LED6741A30
3000 K 95 14 W 61
dmf Lighting
4 5 6 LED DRD2M10927
2700 K 90 15 W 67
Elite Lighting
4 LED RETROFIT MODULE RL428-650L-DIMTR-120-30K-90-W-WH
3000 K 90 11 W 61
Energy Savings Technology
2 ADJUSTABLE LED DL2-D3
2964 K 92 15 W 55
Fahrenheit Lighting
6LED DME8927
2700 K 90 13 W 62
Halo Eatons Cooper Lighting business
NARROW FLOOD LIGHT RA406927NFLWH
2700 K 90 10 W 69
2013 TITLE 24 PART 626
Iris Products
35 APERTURE P3LED09FL40927E-E3MRC
2700 K 90 15 W 45
Liton
6 GU24 LED REFLECTOR LRELD602C-L10-T27
2700 K 85 12 W 48
MaxLite
6 RETROFIT RR61227WC
2700 K 81 12 W 63
Mini LED MultiSpot
MULTI-SPOT LIGHT MT-3LD11NA-F930-
3000 K 90 11 W 59
Portfolio
4 NEW CONSTRUCTION LD4AD010TE099274LM0H
3000 K 90 15 W 46
Prescolite (A Division of Hubbell Lighting)
6 NEW amp EXISTING CONSTRUCTION LB6LEDA10L27K9 BL
3500 K 83 12 W 66
Progress Lighting
6 DOWNLIGHT P8071-30K9-L10
3000 K 83 12 W 66
Tech Lighting
3 FIXED DOWNLIGHT E3W-LH927
2700 K 92 17 W 63
Tech Lighting
4 ADJUSTABLE DOWNLIGHT E4W-LH930--277
3000 K 93 31 W 66
PRODUCT CCT CRI WATTSEFFICACY (Lumens Watt)
27HIGH-EFFICACY RESIDENTIAL LIGHTING
CEILING-MOUNTED SURFACE LUMINAIRES
PRODUCT CCT CRI WATTSEFFICACY (Lumens Watt)
Hinkley Lighting
HADLEY 3301-LED
2700 K 90 32 W 65
Hinkley Lighting
BRANTLEY 4631-LED
2700 K 90 32 W 65
Hinkley Lighting
BOLLA 5551-LED
2700 K 90 32 W 65
Hinkley Lighting
FLUSH MOUNT 5551-LED
2700 K 96 32 W 60
Permlight
12 ROUND CLIPS FLUSH MOUNT XXX-5545
2700 K 90 26 W 64
Permlight
12 SQUARE FLUSH MOUNT XXX-5555
2700 K 90 26 W 64
Permlight
12 SQUARE FRAMED FLUSH MOUNT XXX-5565
2700 K 90 26 W 64
Permlight
CYLINDER FLUSH MOUNT XXX-6100
2700 K 90 13 W 64
Permlight
RECTANGLE FLUSH MOUNT XXX-6115
2700 K 90 13 W 64
2013 TITLE 24 PART 628
CEILING-MOUNTED SUSPENDED LUMINAIRES
PRODUCT CCT CRI WATTSEFFICACY (Lumens Watt)
Fredrick Ramond
MAPLE LOFT FR35002MPL
2700 K 90 6 W 45
Fredrick Ramond
WALNUT LOFT FR35018WAL
2700 K 90 6 W 45
Fredrick Ramond
CHERRY LOFT FR35027CHY
2700 K 90 6 W 45
Fredrick Ramond
BAMBOO ZEN FR46208BAM
2700 K 90 6 W 45
Hinkley Lighting
HATHAWAY 3220-LED
2700 K 90 32 W 60
Hinkley Lighting
ZELDA 3441-L720
2700 K 90 32 W 60
Hinkley Lighting
BOLLA 4651-LED
2700 K 90 32 W 60
29HIGH-EFFICACY RESIDENTIAL LIGHTING
WALL-MOUNTED LUMINAIRES
PRODUCT CCT CRI WATTSEFFICACY (Lumens Watt)
Hinkley Lighting
LEX 2714
2700 K 90 15 W 53
Hinkley Lighting
LANZA 5590-LED
2700 K 90 8 W 60
Hinkley Lighting
LATITUDE 5650-LED
2700 K 90 8 W 60
Permlight
SMALL RECTANGLE XXX-0910
2700 K 90 13 W 64
Permlight
SMALL CYLINDER XXX-0940
2700 K 90 13 W 64
Permlight
TRIANGLE WALL SCONCE XXX-1141
2700 K 90 13 W 64
Permlight
LARGE CYLINDER XXX-1411
2700 K 90 26 W 64
Permlight
SMALL CROSS WINDOW XXX-7285
2700 K 90 13 W 64
2013 TITLE 24 PART 630
UNDERCABINET LUMINAIRES
PRODUCT CCT CRI WATTSEFFICACY (Lumens Watt)
Aion LED
A-TRACK LIGHT ENGINE 3924-29-
2950 K 92 1 W 80
Diode LED
AVENUE 24 PREMIUM LED TAPE DI-24V-AV50-90
5000 K 90 2 W 85
EcoSense
48 ECOSPEC LINEAR LCILH-12-27-120-120
4000 K 90 3 W 58
EcoSense
12 ECOSPEC LINEAR LCISH-12-27-120-120
4000 K 90 4 W 55
Nora Lighting
6 LED LIGHT BAR NULB-6LED9
3000 K 90 3 W 38
Tech Lighting
UNILUME LED LIGHT BAR 700UCRD07930-LED
3000 K 91 4 W 74
Tech Lighting
UNILUME LED MICRO CHANNEL 700UMCD304930
3000 K 90 13 W 63
WAC Lighting
INVISLED PRO2 LED-TX2427-
2700 K 90 4 W 81
31HIGH-EFFICACY RESIDENTIAL LIGHTING
VANITY LUMINAIRES
PRODUCT CCT CRI WATTSEFFICACY (Lumens Watt)
Hinkley Lighting
DARIA 3-LED 55483-LED
2700 K 90 24 W 60
Hinkley Lighting
DARIA 3-LED 55484-LED
2700 K 90 32 W 60
Hinkley Lighting
MERIDIAN 3-LED 5593-LED
2700 K 90 24 W 60
Hinkley Lighting
DUET 2-LED 5612-LED
2700 K 90 16 W 60
Hinkley Lighting
DUET 5-LED 5615-LED
2700 K 90 40 W 60
Hinkley Lighting
LATITUDE 4-LED 5654-LED
2700 K 90 32 W 60
Hinkley Lighting
DAPHNE 2-LED 5922-LED
2700 K 90 16 W 60
Hinkley Lighting
DAPHNE 5-LED 5925-LED
2700 K 90 40 W 60
2013 TITLE 24 PART 632
PGampErsquos Emerging Technologies Program ET13PGE1063
APPENDIX C ndash MEASUREMENT AND DATA COLLECTION EQUIPMENT SPECIFICATIONS
Revenue-grade Energy and Power MetersThe WattNode Revenue meters are designed for use in applications where revenue-grade or utility-grade accu-racy is required The WattNode Revenue meters meet the accuracy requirements of ANSI C121 and support Modbusreg BACnetreg or LonTalkreg communications proto-cols or a pulse output
The WatttNode Revenue marks a new level of per-formance for the WattNode brand of electric power meters The WattNode Revenue electric power meters are optimized for tenant submetering in residential and commercial spaces PV energy generation metering UMCS metering on military bases and more
The WattNode Revenue meters are designed for 120208 and 277480 Vac applications For ANSI C121 accuracy current transformers compliant with IEEE C5713 Class 06 are required Each meter is calibrated using NIST traceable equipment following the procedures
reg reg reg
WATTNODE REVENUE for BACnet
WATTNODE REVENUE for Modbus
WATTNODE REVENUE for LonWorks
WATTNODE REVENUE Pulse
CURRENT TRANSFORMERS
New
ANSI C12 Load Performance Test - RWNC-3Y-208-MB WattNode Revenue
Current (Percent of Fullscale)
Ener
gy (P
erce
nt R
egis
trat
ion)
1 2 3 10 15 30 50 75 90 100
1020
1015
1010
1005
1000
995
990
985
980
C121 Limit
C121 Limit
RWNC-3Y-208-MB
1
19 SymbolsRead understand and follow all instructions including warnings and precautions before installing and using the product
Potential Shock Hazard from Dangerous High Voltage
Functional ground should be connected to earth ground if possible but is not required for safety grounding
UL Listing mark This shows the UL and cUL (Canadian) listing mark
FCC Mark This logo indicates compliance with part 15 of the FCC rules
Complies with the regulations of the European Union for Product Safety and Electro-Magnetic Compatibilitybull Low Voltage Directive ndash EN 61010-1 2001bull EMC Directive ndash EN 61327 1997 + A11998 + A22001
V~ This indicates an AC voltage
2 OverviewCongratulations on your purchase of the WattNodereg Pulse wattwatt-hour trans-ducer The WattNode meter enables you to make power and energy measure-ments within electric service panels avoiding the costly installation of subpanels and associated wiring It is designed for use in demand side management (DSM) submetering and energy monitoring applications
21 Additional LiteratureSee the Continental Control Systems LLC website (wwwccontrolsyscom)for product pages datasheets and support pages for all WattNode meter mod-els and current transformers Each WattNode model has an Operating and Reference Guide with detailed information on the available measurements and interface
22 Electrical Service TypesTable 1 above lists the WattNode models and common circuit types In the ldquoElectrical Service Typesrdquo column when two voltages are listed with a slash between them they indicate the line-to-neutral line-to-line voltages The ldquoLine-to-Neutralrdquo and ldquoLine-to-Linerdquo columns show the operating ranges for the WattNode meters
Connect the line voltages to the meter inputs as shown in the following figures for each service type See Figure 1 above for an overview
Ground
WH
ITE
BLA
CK
OslashB CT
OslashC CT
OslashA CT
OslashB
OslashC
N
OslashA
GND or CommonInput or Positive
Monitoring Equip-ment or Display
P1P2P3
COM
Out
put
Status
Status
Status
WATTNODEreg PULSE
WNB-WNB- -P
-P
Neutral
Phase A
Phase B
Phase C
LOA
D
WHITEBLACK
WH
ITE
BLA
CK
LINE
SourceFaces
CurrentTransformers
3Y-xxx3D-xxx
Figure 1 WattNode Wiring Diagram
ElectricalService (or Load) Types
Line-to-Neutral (Vac)
Line-to-Line(Vac)
WattNode Service
Type
MeterPowered
by1 Phase 2 Wire 120V with neutral 96 ndash 138 na 3Y-208 N and OslashA1 Phase 2 Wire 230V with neutral (non-US) 184 ndash 264 na 3Y-400 N and OslashA1 Phase 2 Wire 277V with neutral 222 ndash 318 na 3Y-480 N and OslashA1 Phase 2 Wire 208V no neutral na 166 ndash 276 3D-240 OslashA and OslashB1 Phase 2 Wire 240V no neutral na 166 ndash 276 3D-240 OslashA and OslashB
1 Phase 3 Wire 120V240V with neutral 96 ndash 138 166 ndash 2763Y-208 N and OslashA3D-240 OslashA and OslashB
3 Phase 3 Wire Delta 208V no neutral na 166 ndash 276 3D-240 OslashA and OslashB3 Phase 3 Wire Delta 400V no neutral (non-US) na 320 ndash 460 3D-400 OslashA and OslashB3 Phase 3 Wire Delta 480V no neutral na 384 ndash 552 3D-480 OslashA and OslashB
3 Phase 4 Wire Wye 120V208V with neutral 96 ndash 138 166 ndash 2763Y-208 N and OslashA3D-240 OslashA and OslashB
3 Phase 4 Wire Delta 120208240V with neutral 96 ndash 138 166 ndash 276 3D-240 OslashA and OslashB3 Phase 4 Wire Wye 230V400V with neutral (non-US) 184 ndash 264 320 ndash 460
3Y-400 N and OslashA3D-400 OslashA and OslashB
3 Phase 4 Wire Wye 277V480V with neutral 222 ndash 318 384 ndash 5523Y-480 N and OslashA3D-480 OslashA and OslashB
3 Phase 4 Wire Delta 240415480V with neutral 222 ndash 318 384 ndash 552 3D-480 OslashA and OslashB3 Phase 4 Wire Wye 347V600V with neutral 278 ndash 399 480 ndash 690 3Y-600 N and OslashA
Table 1 WattNode Models
WATTNODE reg PULSEand
WATTNODEreg REVENUEElectric Power MeterInstallation Manual
Series - Service - Interface Options______ - _______ - ________
3Y-2083Y-4003Y-4803Y-6003D-2403D-4003D-480
P = Pulse
See website for options
WNB = Second generationRWNB = Revenue second generation
1 Precautions11 Only qualified personnel or licensed electri-
cians should install the WattNode meter The mains voltages of 120 to 600 Vac can be lethal
12 Follow all applicable local and national electri-cal and safety codes
13 The terminal block screws are not insulated Do not contact metal tools to the screw termi-nals if the circuit is live
14 Verify that circuit voltages and currents are within the proper range for the meter model
15 Use only UL listed or UL recognized current transformers (CTs) with built-in burden resis-tors that generate 0333 Vac (333 millivolts AC) at rated current Do not use current output (ratio) CTs such as 1 amp or 5 amp output CTs they will destroy the meter and may create a shock hazard
16 Protect the line voltage inputs to the meter with fuses or circuit breakers (not needed for the neutral or ground wires) See 331 below
17 Equipment must be disconnected from the HAZARDOUS LIVE voltages before access
18 If the meter is not installed correctly the safety protections may be impaired
2
221 Single-Phase Two-Wire with NeutralThis is a common residential and branch circuit connection Up to three such circuits may be monitored with one meter by also using the OslashB and OslashC inputs
Ground
OslashB
OslashC
N
OslashA
WATTN
OD
Ereg
NeutralLine
222 Single-Phase Two-Wire No NeutralThis circuit occurs in residential (commonly 120240 Vac) and some commercial applications The meter is powered from the OslashA and OslashB terminals We recom-mend connecting the N terminal to ground to provide a clean voltage reference for the measurement circuitry (no current will flow through this terminal)
Ground
OslashB
OslashC
N
OslashA
WATTN
OD
Ereg
L1L2
223 Single-Phase Three-Wire with NeutralThis is a common residential service at 120240 Vac
Ground
OslashB
OslashC
N
OslashA
WATTN
OD
Ereg
NeutralL1L2
224 Three-Phase Three-Wire Delta No NeutralThis is common in commercial and industrial settings In some cases the service may be four-wire wye but the load may only be three wire (no neutral)
Occasionally a load will only be connected to two of the three lines (say L1 and L2) For this case connect the two active lines to the OslashA and OslashB terminals and connect two CTs for the two lines
Ground
OslashB
OslashC
N
OslashA
WATTN
OD
Ereg
L1L2L3
225 Three-Phase Four-Wire Wye with NeutralThis is a common commercial and industrial service
Ground
OslashB
OslashC
N
OslashA
WATTN
OD
Ereg
NeutralL1L2L3
226 Three-Phase Four-Wire Delta with Neutral (Wild Leg)The uncommon four-wire delta electrical service is a three-phase delta service with a center-tap on one of the transformer windings to create a neutral for single-phase loads
The high-leg or phase with the higher voltage as measured to neutral has tra-ditionally been designated ldquoPhase Brdquo A change to the 2008 NEC now allows the high leg of a four-wire three-phase delta service to be labeled as the ldquoCrdquo phase instead of the ldquoBrdquo phase The WattNode meter will work correctly with the high-leg connected to OslashA OslashB or OslashC
See the web article Four Wire Delta Circuits for more information
Ground
OslashB
OslashC
N
OslashA
WATTN
OD
Ereg
NeutralL1L2L3
227 Grounded Leg ServiceIn rare cases with delta services or single-phase two-wire services without neutral one of the phases may be grounded
The WattNode meter will correctly measure services with a grounded leg but the measured voltage and power for the grounded phase will be zero and the status LEDs (if present) will not light for the grounded phase because the volt-age is near zero Also this type of service may result in unusual power factors
See the web article Grounded Leg Services for more information
3 Installation31 Installation ChecklistSee the sections referenced below for installation details
Mount the WattNode meter (see 32)Turn off power before making line voltage connectionsConnect circuit breakers or fuses and disconnects (see 331)Connect the line voltage wires to the meterrsquos green terminal block (see 332)Mount the CTs around the line conductors Make sure the CTs face the source (see 34)Connect the twisted white and black wires from the CTs to the black terminal block on the meter matching the wire colors to the white and black dots on the meter label (see 341)Check that the CT phases match the line voltage phases (see 34)Record the CT rated current for each meter because it will be required during commissioningConnect the output terminals of the WattNode meter to the monitoring equipment (see 35)Check that all the wires are securely installed in the terminal blocks by tugging on each wireApply power to the meterVerify that the LEDs indicate correct operation (see 42)
32 MountingProtect the meter from temperatures below ndash30degC (-22degF) or above 55degC (131degF) excessive moisture dust salt spray or other contamination using a NEMA rated enclosure if necessary The meter requires an environment no worse than pollution degree 2 (normally only non-conductive pollution occasionally a temporary conductivity caused by condensation)The meter must be installed in an electrical service panel an enclosure or a limited access electrical roomDo not use the meter as a drilling guide the drill chuck can damage the screw terminals and metal shavings may fall into the connectors
The meter has two mounting holes spaced 1366 mm (5375 in) apart (center-to-center) These mounting holes are normally obscured by the detachable screw terminals Remove the screw terminals to mark the hole positions and mount the meter
Self-tapping 8 sheet metal screws are included Donrsquot over-tighten the screws as long-term stress on the case can cause cracking
33 Connect Voltage Terminals331 Circuit ProtectionThe WattNode meter is considered ldquopermanently connected equipmentrdquo and requires a disconnect means (circuit breaker switch or disconnect) and over-current protection (fuse or circuit breaker)
The meter only draws 10-30 milliamps so the rating of any switches discon-nects fuses andor circuit breakers is determined by the wire gauge the mains voltage and the current interrupting rating required
3
The switch disconnect or circuit breaker must be as close as practicable to the meter and must be easy to operateUse circuit breakers or fuses rated for 20 amps or lessUse ganged circuit breakers when monitoring more than one line voltageThe circuit breakers or fuses must protect the mains terminals labeled OslashA OslashB and OslashC If neutral is also protected then the overcurrent protec-tion device must interrupt both neutral and the ungrounded conductors simultaneouslyThe circuit protection disconnect system must meet IEC 60947-1 and IEC 60947-3 as well as all national and local electrical codes
332 Line WiringAlways disconnect power before connecting the line voltage inputs to the meterFor the line voltage wires CCS recommends 16 to 12 AWG stranded wire type THHN MTW or THWN 600 VDo not place more than one voltage wire in a screw terminal use separate wire nuts or terminal blocks if neededVerify that the line voltages match the line-to-line Oslash-Oslash and line-to-neutral Oslash-N values printed in the white box on the front label
Connect each line voltage to the appropriate phase also connect ground and neutral (if applicable) The neutral connection ldquoNldquo is not required on delta mod-els (3D-240 3D-400 and 3D-480) but we recommend connecting it to ground if neutral is not present
The screw terminals handle wire up to 12 AWG Connect each voltage line to the green terminal block as shown in Figure 1 above After the voltage lines have been connected make sure both terminal blocks are fully seated in the meter
When power is first applied check that the LEDs behave normally on models with status LEDs if you see them flashing red-green-red-green (see Figure 7) the line voltage is too high for this model so disconnect the power immediately
333 GroundingThe WattNode uses a plastic enclosure insulation and internal isolation bar-riers instead of protective earthing The ground terminal on the green screw terminal block is a functional ground designed to improve the measurement accuracy and noise immunity If necessary this terminal may be left discon-nected on wye models (-3Y)
34 Connect Current TransformersTo meet the UL listing requirements the WattNode meter may only be used with the following UL listed or UL recognized voltage output current transformer models These all generate 33333 millivolts AC at rated current See the cur-rent transformer datasheets for CT ratings
ACT-0750-xxx CTL-1250-xxx CTM-0360-xxxCTS-0750-xxx CTS-1250-xxx CTS-2000-xxxxCTB-wwwXhhh-xxxx CTBL-wwwXhhh-xxxx CTT-0300-xxxCTT-0500-xxx CTT-0750-xxx CTT-1000-xxxCTT-1250-xxx
ldquoxxxrdquo indicates the full scale current ratingldquowwwrdquo and ldquohhhrdquo indicate the width and height in inchesldquoddddrdquo indicates the opening diameter of the loop for flexible Rogowski CTs
See the web article Selecting Current Transformers for information on se-lecting appropriate current transformers (CTs)
Do not use ratio or current output CTs such as 1 amp or 5 amp output modelsSee the CT datasheets for the maximum input current ratingsBe careful to match the CTs with the voltage phases Make sure the OslashA CTis measuring the current on the same phase being monitored by OslashA and the same for phases B and C Use the supplied colored labels or colored tape to identify the CT leadsTo minimize current measurement noise avoid extending the CT wires especially in noisy environments If it is necessary to extend the wires use twisted pair wire 22 to 14 AWG rated for 300 V or 600 V (not less than the service voltage) and shielded if possibleFind the source arrow or label ldquoTHIS SIDE TOWARD SOURCErdquo on the CT and facepoint toward the source of currentOPTIONAL if you see spurious readings on unused phases jumper the unused CT inputs for each unused CT connect a short wire from the terminal marked with a white dot to the terminal marked with a black dot
To install the CTs pass the conductor to be measured through the CT and con-nect the CT leads to the meter Always remove power before disconnecting any live conductors Put the line conductors through the CTs as shown in Figure 1 above
CTs are directional If they are mounted backwards or with their white and black wires swapped the measured power will be negative The status LEDs indicate negative measured power by flashing red
Split-core CTs can be opened for installation around a conductor A nylon cable tie may be secured around the CT to prevent inadvertent opening
341 CT WiringConnect the white and black CT wires to the meter terminals marked OslashA CTOslashB CT and OslashC CT (see Figure 1 above) Excess length may be trimmed from the wires if desired The current transformers connect to the six position black screw terminal block Connect each CT with the white wire aligned with the white dot on the label and the black wire aligned with the black dot Note the order in which the phases are connected as the line voltage phases mustmatch the current phases for accurate power measurement
35 Connect the Output SignalsThe meter outputs are isolated from dangerous voltages so you can con-nect them at any timeIf the output wiring is near line voltage wiring use wires or cables with a 300 V or 600 V rating (not less than the service voltage)If the output wiring is near bare conductors it should be double insulated or jacketedYou may install two wires into each screw terminal by twisting the wires to-gether inserting them into terminal and securely tightening Note a loose wire can disable an entire network section Use twisted-pair cable (unshielded or shielded) to prevent interference
351 WattNode Pulse OutputsUse the following directions when connecting the pulse outputs of a WattNode Pulse meter
The outputs P1 P2 and P3 should not be connected to negative voltages or to voltages greater than +60 VdcFor long distances use shielded twisted-pair cable to prevent interference With shielded cable connect the shield to earth ground at one endIf you need to add pull-up resistors see the Operating and Reference Guide
The WattNode pulse outputs may be connected to most devices that expect a contact closure or relay input See the Operating and Reference Guide for more complex connection information
Common (or GND)Input (Positive)
Monitoring Equipment or Display
Input (Positive)Input (Positive)
P1P2P3
COM
Out
put
WATTNODE
The following table shows the pulse output channel assignments for the stan-dard bidirectional outputs and for the optional per-phase outputs (Option P3)
PulseOutputs
P1Output
P2Output
P3Output
Standard Outputs - Bidirectional
Positive energy - all phases
Negative energy - all phases Not used
Option P3Per-Phase Outputs
Phase A positive energy
Phase B positive energy
Phase C positive energy
Option PVPhotovoltaic
Phase A+B pos energy
Phase A+B neg energy
Phase C positive energy
Option DPO Dual Positive Outputs
Positive energy - all phases
Negative energy - all phases
Positive energy - all phases
Table 2 Pulse Output Assignments
4
4 Operation41 Initial ConfigurationFor WattNode Pulse meters the only required configuration will be in the data logger or pulse counting device which must be configured with the correct scale factors to convert from pulses to energy (kWh)
For details on configuring the WattNode meter see the appropriate Operating and Reference Guide for your model
The meter does not include a display or buttons so it is not possible to configure or monitor the meter directly other than the basic LED diagnostics described below
42 Power Status LEDsThe three status LEDs on the front of the meter can help indicate correct opera-tion The ldquoArdquo ldquoBrdquo and ldquoCrdquo on the diagrams indicate the three phases
421 Normal StartupThe meter displays the following startup sequence whenever power is first applied
10sec10sec10sec
GreenYellowRed
GreenYellowRed
GreenYellowRed
CBA
422 Positive PowerAny phase with the LEDs flashing green is indicating normal positive power
Green Off Green Off Green Off
423 No PowerAny phase with a solid green LED indicates no power but line voltage is pres-ent
Green
424 No VoltageAny phase LED that is off indicates no voltage on that phase
Off
425 Negative PowerRed flashing indicates negative power for that phase Reversed CTs swapped CT wires or CTs not matched with line voltage phases can cause this
Red Off Red Off Red OffC
426 Overvoltage WarningThe following indicates that the line voltage is too high for this model Discon-nect power immediately Check the line voltages and the meter ratings (in the white box on the label)
10sec
GR GR GR GR GR GR
GR GR GR GR GR GR
GR GR GR GR GR GRCBA
427 Meter Not OperatingIf none of the LEDs light then check that the correct line voltages are applied to the meter If the voltages are correct call customer service for assistance
Off
Off
Off
CBA
428 WattNode ErrorIf the meter experiences an internal error it will light all LEDs red for three or more seconds If you see this happen repeatedly return the meter for service
30sec
Red
Red
Red
CBA
For other LED patterns see the Operating and Reference Guide or contact support for assistance
43 MonitoringThe meter does not include a display or buttons so it is not possible to oper-ate the meter directly The following is a brief overview of the possible remote monitoring
The WattNode Pulse models uses optoisolator outputs that simulate contact closures These are generally connected to a datalogger or similar monitor-ing device which can count pulses to measure energy See the Operating and Reference Guide for equations to scale pulse counts and frequencies to energy and power
44 Maintenance and RepairThe WattNode meter requires no maintenance It is not user serviceable and there are no replaceable parts except the pluggable screw terminals There are no diagnostic tests that can be performed by the user other than checking for errors via the status LEDs
In the event of any failure the meter must be returned for service (contact CCS for an RMA) For a new installation follow the diagnostic and troubleshooting instructions in the Operating and Reference Guide before returning the meter for service to ensure that the problem is not connection related
The WattNode meter should not normally need to be cleaned but if cleaning is desired power must be disconnected first and a dry or damp cloth or brush should be used
5 SpecificationsThe following is a list of basic specifications For extended specifications see the Operating and Reference Guide
51 AccuracyThe following accuracy specifications do not include errors caused by the cur-rent transformer accuracy or phase angle errors ldquoRated currentrdquo is the current that generates a CT output voltage of 033333 Vac
511 Normal OperationLine voltage -20 to +15 of nominalPower factor 10Frequency 48 - 62 HzAmbient Temperature 23degC plusmn 5degCCT Current 5 - 100 of rated current
Accuracy plusmn05 of reading
For accuracy at other conditions see the reference guide
52 MeasurementUpdate Rate Internally all measurements are performed at this rate
~200 millisecondsStart-Up Time the meter starts measuring powerenergy and reporting mea-surements or generating pulses this long after AC voltage is applied
~500 millisecondsDefault CT Phase Angle Correction 00 degrees
5
53 Models and Electrical SpecificationsThe service ldquo3Y-208rdquo applies to the model WNB-3Y-208-P RWNB-3Y-208-Pand so on for the other service types
Service Nominal Vac Line-to-Neutral
Nominal Vac Line-to-Line Phases Wires
3Y-208 120 208ndash240 1 - 3 2 - 43Y-400 230 400 1 - 3 2 - 43Y-480 277 480 1 - 3 2 - 43Y-600 347 600 1 - 3 2 - 43D-240 120 208ndash240 1 - 3 2 - 43D-400 230 400 3 2 - 43D-480 277 480 3 2 - 4
Table 3 WattNode Model Service Types
for measuring wye circuits In the absence of neutral voltages are measured with respect to ground Delta WattNode models use the phase A and phase B connections for power
Over-Voltage Limit 125 of nominal Vac Extended over-voltage operation can damage the WattNode and void the warranty
Over-Current Limit 120 of rated current Exceeding 120 of rated cur-rent will not harm the WattNode meter but the current and power will not be measured accurately
Maximum Surge 4kV according to EN 61000-4-5Power Consumption The following tables shows maximum volt-amperes the power supply ranges typical power consumption and typical power fac-tor values with all three phases powered at nominal line voltages The power supply draws most of the total power consumed while the measurement circuitry draws 1-10 of the total (6-96 milliwatts per phase depending on the model) Due to the design of the power supply WattNode meters draw slightly more power at 50 Hz
Service Rated VA (1)
Power Supply Range (Vac)
Power Supply Terminals
3Y-208 4 VA 96 ndash 138 N and OslashA3Y-400 4 VA 184 ndash 264 N and OslashA3Y-480 4 VA 222 ndash 318 N and OslashA3Y-600 4 VA 278 ndash 399 N and OslashA3D-240 4 VA 166 ndash 276 OslashA and OslashB3D-400 3 VA 320 ndash 460 OslashA and OslashB3D-480 3 VA 384 ndash 552 OslashA and OslashB
Table 4 Service Volt-Amperes and Power Supply Range(1) Rated VA is the maximum at 115 of nominal Vac at 50 Hz This
is the same as the value that appears on the front label of the meter
Service Real Power (60 Hz)
Real Power (50 Hz)
Power Factor
3Y-208 16 W 18 W 0753Y-400 16 W 18 W 0643Y-480 21 W 24 W 0633Y-600 12 W 12 W 0473D-240 17 W 19 W 0633D-400 14 W 15 W 0473D-480 18 W 22 W 053
Table 5 Power Consumption
Maximum Power Supply Voltage Range -20 to +15 of nominal (see table above) For the 3D-240 service this is -20 of 208 Vac (166 Vac) to +15 of 240 Vac (276 Vac)
Operating Frequencies 5060 HzMeasurement Category CAT IIIMeasurement category III is for measurements performed in the building installation Examples are measurements on distribution boards circuit-breakers wiring including cables bus-bars junction boxes switches sock-et-outlets in the fixed installation and equipment for industrial use and some
other equipment for example stationary motors with permanent connection to the fixed installation
The line voltage measurement terminals on the meter are rated for the fol-lowing CAT III voltages (these ratings appear on the front label)
Service CAT III Voltage Rating3Y-2083D-240 240 Vac
3Y-4003D-400 400 Vac
3Y-4803D-480 480 Vac
3Y-600 600 VacTable 6 WattNode CAT III Ratings
Current Transformer InputsNominal Input Voltage (At CT Rated Current) 033333 Vac RMSAbsolute Maximum Input Voltage 50 Vac RMSInput Impedance at 5060 Hz
54 Pulse OutputsFull-Scale Pulse FrequenciesStandard (All Models) 400 HzCustom (Bidirectional) 001 Hz to 600 HzCustom (Option P3 Option PV Option DPO) 001 Hz to 150 Hz
Absolute Maximum Pulse Output FrequenciesStandard Models (Bidirectional) 900 HzOption P3 Option PV Option DPO 200 Hz
Output Waveform square-wave ~50 duty cycleOption PW programmable pulse ON (closed or conducting period 1 to 65535 milliseconds
Optoisolator OutputsIsolation 5000 Vac RMSBreakdown Voltage (collectorndashemitter) 60 V (exceeding this may destroy the outputs)
Maximum Reverse Voltage (emitter-collector) 5 Vdc (exceeding may destroy the outputs)
Maximum Leakage (OFF) Current (collectorndashemitter) 100 nARecommended Load Current (collectorndashemitter)mA (milliamp)
Maximum Load Current ~8 mA
55 CertificationsSafety
UL 61010-1CANCSA-C222 No 61010-1-04IEC 61010-1
Immunity EN 61326 2002 (Industrial Locations)Electrostatic Discharge EN 61000-4-2Radiated RF Immunity EN 61000-4-3Electrical Fast Transient Burst EN 61000-4-4Surge Immunity EN 61000-4-5Conducted RF Immunity EN 61000-4-6Voltage Dips Interrupts EN 61000-4-11
EmissionsFCC Part 15 Class BEN 55022 1994 Class B
56 EnvironmentalOperating Temperature -30degC to +55degC (-22degF to 131degF)Altitude Up to 2000 m (6560 ft)Operating Humidity non-condensing 5 to 90 relative humidity (RH) up to 40degC decreasing linearly to 50 RH at 55degC
Pollution POLLUTION DEGREE 2 - Normally only non-conductive pollu-tion occasionally a temporary conductivity caused by condensation must be expected
Indoor Use Suitable for indoor use
6
Outdoor Use Suitable for outdoor use if mounted inside an electrical enclo-sure (Hammond Mfg Type EJ Series) rated NEMA 3R or 4 (IP 66)
57 MechanicalEnclosure High impact ABSPC plasticFlame Resistance Rating UL 94V-0 IEC FV-0Size 153 mm times 85 mm times 38 mm (602 in times 335 in times 150 in)
Connectors Euroblock pluggable terminal blocksGreen up to 12 AWG (25 mm2) 600 VBlack up to 12 AWG (25 mm2) 300 V
58 FCC InformationThis equipment has been tested and complies with the limits for a Class B digital device pursuant to part 15 of the FCC Rules Operation is subject to the following two conditions (1) This device may not cause harmful interference and (2) this device must accept any interference received including interfer-ence that may cause undesired operation
The FCC limits are designed to provide reasonable protection against harmful interference in a residential installation This equipment generates uses and can radiate radio frequency energy and if not installed and used in accordance with the instructions may cause harmful interference to radio communications However there is no guarantee that interference will not occur in a particular installation If this equipment does cause harmful interference to radio or televi-sion reception which can be determined by turning the equipment off and on the user is encouraged to try to correct the interference by one or more of the following measures
Reorient or relocate the receiving antennaIncrease the separation between the equipment and receiverConnect the equipment into an outlet on a circuit different from that to which the receiver is connectedConsult the dealer or an experienced radioTV technician for help
59 WarrantyAll products sold by Continental Control Systems LLC (CCS) are guaranteed against defects in material and workmanship for a period of five years from the original date of shipment CCSrsquos responsibility is limited to repair replace-ment or refund any of which may be selected by CCS at its sole discretion CCS reserves the right to substitute functionally equivalent new or serviceable used parts
WattNode Logger models include a lithium battery to preserve the date and time during power failures CCS will replace or provide a replacement battery at no charge if the battery fails within five years from the original date of shipment
This warranty covers only defects arising under normal use and does not in-clude malfunctions or failures resulting from misuse neglect improper appli-cation improper installation water damage acts of nature lightning product modifications alterations or repairs by anyone other than CCS
Except as set forth herein CCS makes no warranties expressed or im-plied and CCS disclaims and negates all other warranties including without limitation implied warranties of merchantability and fitness for a particular purpose
510 Limitation of LiabilityIn no event shall CCS be liable for any indirect special incidental puni-tive or consequential damages of any kind or nature arising out of the sale or use of its products whether such liability is asserted on the basis of contract tort or otherwise including without limitation lost profits even if CCS has been advised of the possibility of such damages
Customer acknowledges that CCSrsquos aggregate liability to Customer relat-ing to or arising out of the sale or use of CCSrsquos products whether such liability is asserted on the basis of contract tort or otherwise shall not exceed the purchase price paid by Customer for the products in respect of which damages are claimed Customer specifically acknowledges that CCSrsquos price for the products is based upon the limitations of CCSrsquos liability set forth herein
copy2009-2013 Continental Control Systems LLCDocument Number WN-Inst-P-101Revision Date April 18 2013Continental Control Systems LLC3131 Indian Rd Boulder CO 80301 USA(303) 444-7422 httpwwwccontrolsyscombull WattNode is a registered trademark of Continental Control Systems LLC
httpwwwccontrolsyscom Rev V17b
Continental Control Systems LLC
(M5)
WATTNODE reg PULSEInstallation and Operation Manual
WNB-3Y-208-P
WNB-3Y-400-P
WNB-3Y-480-P
WNB-3Y-600-P
WNB-3D-240-P
WNB-3D-400-P
WNB-3D-480-P
2
Information in this document is subject to change without notice
copy2007-2011 Continental Control Systems LLC All rights reserved
Printed in the United States of America
Document Number WNB-P-V17b
Revision Date November 30 2011
Continental Control Systems LLC
3131 Indian Rd Suite A
Boulder CO 80301
(303) 444-7422
FAX (303) 444-2903
E-mail techsupportccontrolsyscom
Web httpwwwccontrolsyscom
WattNode is a registered trademark of Continental Control Systems LLC
FCC InformationThis equipment has been tested and complies with the limits for a Class B digital device pursu-
ant to part 15 of the FCC Rules Operation is subject to the following two conditions (1) This
device may not cause harmful interference and (2) this device must accept any interference
received including interference that may cause undesired operation
The FCC limits are designed to provide reasonable protection against harmful interference in a
residential installation This equipment generates uses and can radiate radio frequency energy
and if not installed and used in accordance with the instructions may cause harmful interfer-
ence to radio communications However there is no guarantee that interference will not occur in
a particular installation If this equipment does cause harmful interference to radio or television
reception which can be determined by turning the equipment off and on the user is encouraged
to try to correct the interference by one or more of the following measures
Reorient or relocate the receiving antenna
Increase the separation between the equipment and receiver
Connect the equipment into an outlet on a circuit different from that to which the receiver is
connected
Consult the dealer or an experienced radioTV technician to help
Contents 3
ContentsOverview 4
Pulse Outputs 4
Diagnostic LEDs 4
Current Transformers 4
Additional Literature 4
Front Label 5
Installation 7Precautions 7
Electrical Service Types 8
Single-Phase Two-Wire with Neutral 8
Single-Phase Three-Wire (Mid-Point Neutral) 9
Single-Phase Two-Wire without Neutral 10
Three-Phase Four-Wire Wye 11
Three-Phase Three-Wire Delta Without Neutral 12
Three-Phase Four-Wire Delta (Wild Leg) 12
Grounded Leg Service 12
Mounting 13
Selecting Current Transformers 14
Connecting Current Transformers 15
Circuit Protection 16
Connecting Voltage Terminals 17
Connecting Pulse Outputs 17
Output Assignments 18
Pull-Up Resistor Selection 19
Installation Summary 19
Installation LED Diagnostics 20
Measurement Troubleshooting 22
Operating Instructions 24Pulse Outputs 24
Power and Energy Computation 25
Power and Energy Equations 27
Maintenance and Repair 29
Specifications 30Models 30
Model Options 30
Accuracy 31
Measurement 32
Pulse Outputs 32
Electrical 33
Certifications 35
Environmental 35
Mechanical 35
Current Transformers 35
Warranty 37Limitation of Liability 37
4 Overview
OverviewCongratulations on your purchase of the WattNodereg Pulse wattwatt-hour transducermeter
It accurately measures energy and power in a compact package The WattNode meter can fit
in existing electric service panels avoiding the costly installation of sub-panels and associated
wiring It is designed for use in demand side management (DSM) sub-metering and energy
monitoring applications The WattNode meter generates pulses proportional to total watt-hours
The pulse rate or frequency is proportional to the instantaneous power Models are available for
single-phase and three-phase wye and delta configurations for voltages from 120 Vac to 600 Vac
at 50 and 60 Hz
Pulse OutputsThe WattNode meter generates pulse outputs using one or more optoisolators (also called
photocouplers) These provide 5000 Vac of electrical isolation The pulse outputs can interface to
monitoring or data logging hardware without concerns about interference ground loops shock
hazard etc
The standard Pulse WattNode meter makes bidirectional power measurements (energy consump-
tion and energy production) It can be used for conventional power and energy measurement as
well as for net metering and photovoltaic (PV) applications
Option P3 - The per-phase measurement option measures one two or three separate
branch circuits with a single meter saving money and space
Option PV - The photovoltaic option measures residential PV systems One WattNode meter
measures the bidirectional total house energy and the PV (or wind) generated energy See
Manual Supplement MS-10 Option PV (Photovoltaic) for details
Options DPO - The dual positive outputs option behaves exactly like the standard bidirec-
tional model but with the addition of a second positive pulse output channel (on the P3
output terminal) This allows you to connect to two devices such as a display and a data
logger See Manual Supplement MS-11 Option DPO (Dual Positive Outputs) for details
See Model Options (p 30) in the Specifications section below for details and more options
Diagnostic LEDsThe Pulse WattNode meter includes three diagnostic LEDsmdashone per phase During normal
operation these LEDs flash on and off with the speed of flashing roughly proportional to the
power on each phase The LEDs flash green for positive power and red for negative power Other
conditions are signaled with different LED patterns See the Installation LED Diagnostics (p 20) section for full details
Current TransformersThe WattNode meter uses solid-core (toroidal) split-core (opening) and bus-bar style current
transformers (CTs) with a full-scale voltage output of 033333 Vac Split-core and bus-bar CTs
are easier to install without disconnecting the circuit being measured Solid-core CTs are more
compact generally more accurate and less expensive but installation requires that you discon-
nect the circuit to install the CTs
Additional Literature WattNode Advanced Pulse - Quick Install Guide
Manual Supplement MS-10 Option PV (Photovoltaic)
Manual Supplement MS-11 Option DPO (Dual Positive Outputs)
Manual Supplement MS-17 Option PW (Pulse Width)
Manual Supplement MS-19 Option SSR (Solid-State Relay)
Overview 5
Front LabelThis section describes all the connections information and symbols that appear on the front
label
Continental Control Systems LLC
WATTNODEreg PULSE
Watthour Meter 3KNN
Boulder CO USA
OslashB CT 0333V~
OslashC CT 0333V~
OslashA CT 0333V~ Status
Status
Status
P1
P2
P3
COMO
utpu
t
OslashB
OslashC
N
OslashAOslash-Oslash 240V~Oslash-Oslash 240V~
240V CAT III240V CAT III
Oslash-N 140V~Oslash-N 140V~
120V~ 50-60Hz 3W2010-09-26SN 59063
WNB-3Y-208-PQ
N
O
P
M
K
U W
HIJ
A
C
B
E
F
G
D
Y Z
R
VT X
S
Figure 1 Front Label Diagram
A WattNode model number The ldquoWNBrdquo indicates a second generation WattNode meter with
diagnostic LEDs and up to three pulse output channels The ldquo3rdquo indicates a three-phase model
The ldquoYrdquo or ldquoDrdquo indicates wye or delta models although delta models can measure wye circuits
(the difference is in the power supply) The ldquo208rdquo (or other value) indicates the nominal line-to-
line voltage Finally the ldquoPrdquo indicates pulse output
B Functional ground This terminal should be connected to earth ground if possible It is not
required for safety grounding but ensures maximum meter accuracy
C Neutral This terminal ldquoNrdquo should be connected to neutral when available
D E F Line voltage inputs These terminals connect to the OslashA (phase A) OslashB (phase B) and
OslashC (phase C) electric mains On wye models the meter is powered from OslashA and N terminals
On delta models the meter is powered from the OslashA and OslashB terminals
G Line voltage measurement ratings This block lists the nominal line-to-neutral ldquoOslash-N 120V~rdquo
voltage line-to-line ldquoOslash-Oslash 240V~rdquo voltage and the rated measurement voltage and category
ldquo240V CAT IIIrdquo for this WattNode model See the Specifications (p 30) for more informa-
tion about the measurement voltage and category
H UL Listing mark This shows the UL and cUL (Canadian) listing mark and number ldquo3KNNrdquo
I FCC Mark This logo indicates that the meter complied with part 15 of the FCC rules
J Status LEDs These are status LEDs used to verify and diagnose meter operation See
Installation LED Diagnostics (p 20) for details
K Current transformer (CT) voltage rating These markings ldquo0333V~rdquo indicate that the meter
must be used with CTs that generate a full-scale output of 0333 Vac (333 millivolts)
6 Overview
M N O Current transformer (CT) inputs These indicate CT screw terminals Note the white
and black circles at the left edge of the label these indicate the color of the CT wire that should
be inserted into the corresponding screw terminal The terminals marked with black circles are
connected together internally
P Pulse output common (COM) This is the common terminal for all three pulse output chan-
nels This terminal should be more negative than the P1 P2 and P3 terminals (unless the
meter was ordered with Option SSR)
Q R S Pulse outputs (P1 P2 P3) These are the pulse output channels Different models use
one two or three channels They should always be positive relative to the common terminal
T Serial number This shows the meter serial number and options if any are selected The
barcode contains the serial number in Code 128C format
U Mains supply rated voltage This is the rated supply voltage for this model The V~ indicates
AC voltage For wye models this voltage should appear between the N and OslashA terminals For
delta models this voltage should appear between the OslashA and OslashB terminals
V Mains frequencies This indicates the rated mains frequencies for the meter
W Maximum rated power This is the maximum power consumption (watts) for this model
X Manufacture date This is the date of manufacture for the WattNode meter
Y Caution risk of electrical shock This symbol indicates that there is a risk of electric shock
when installing and operating the meter if the installation instructions are not followed correctly
Z Attention - consult Manual This symbol indicates that there can be danger when installing
and operating the meter if the installation instructions are not followed correctly
Symbols
Attention -
Consult Installation
and Operation Manual
Read understand and follow all instructions in this Installa-
tion and Operation Manual including all warnings cautions
and precautions before installing and using the product
Caution ndash
Risk of Electrical
Shock
Potential Shock Hazard from Dangerous High Voltage
CE Marking
Complies with the regulations of the European Union for
Product Safety and Electro-Magnetic Compatibility
Low Voltage Directive ndash EN 61010-1 2001
EMC Directive ndash EN 61327 1997 + A11998 + A22001
Installation 7
InstallationPrecautions
DANGER mdash HAZARDOUS VOLTAGESWARNING - These installationservicing instructions are for use by qualified personnel
only To avoid electrical shock do not perform any servicing other than that contained in
the operating instructions unless you are qualified to do so
Always adhere to the following checklist
1) Only qualified personnel or licensed electricians should install the WattNode meter The
mains voltages of 120 Vac to 600 Vac can be lethal
2) Follow all applicable local and national electrical and safety codes
3) Install the meter in an electrical enclosure (panel or junction box) or in a limited access
electrical room
4) Verify that circuit voltages and currents are within the proper range for the meter model
5) Use only UL recognized current transformers (CTs) with built-in burden resistors that gener-
ate 0333 Vac (333 millivolts AC) at rated current Do not use current output (ratio) CTs such as 1 amp or 5 amp output CTs they will destroy the meter and may create a shock hazard See Current Transformers (p 35) for CT maximum input current ratings
6) Ensure that the line voltage inputs to the meter are protected by fuses or circuit breakers (not
needed for the neutral wire) See Circuit Protection (p 16) for details
7) Equipment must be disconnected from the HAZARDOUS LIVE voltages before access
8) The terminal block screws are not insulated Do not contact metal tools to the screw termi-
nals if the circuit is live
9) Do not place more than one line voltage wire in a screw terminal use wire nuts instead You
may use more than one CT wire per screw terminal
10) Before applying power check that all the wires are securely installed by tugging on each wire
11) Do not install the meter where it may be exposed to temperatures below ndash30degC or above
55degC excessive moisture dust salt spray or other contamination The meter requires an
environment no worse than pollution degree 2 (normally only non-conductive pollution
occasionally a temporary conductivity caused by condensation must be expected)
12) Do not drill mounting holes using the meter as a guide the drill chuck can damage the screw
terminals and metal shavings can fall into the connectors causing an arc risk
13) If the meter is installed incorrectly the safety protections may be impaired
8 Installation
Electrical Service TypesBelow is a list of service types with connections and recommended models Note the ground
connection improves measurement accuracy but is not required for safety
Model TypeLine-to- Neutral
Line-to- Line
Electrical Service Types
WNB-3Y-208-P Wye 120 Vac208ndash240
Vac
1 Phase 2 Wire 120V with neutral
1 Phase 3 Wire 120V240V with neutral
3 Phase 4 Wire Wye 120V208V with neutral
WNB-3Y-400-P Wye 230 Vac 400 Vac1 Phase 2 Wire 230V with neutral
3 Phase 4 Wire Wye 230V400V with neutral
WNB-3Y-480-P Wye 277 Vac 480 Vac3 Phase 4 Wire Wye 277V480V with neutral
1 Phase 2 Wire 277V with neutral
WNB-3Y-600-P Wye 347 Vac 600 Vac 3 Phase 4 Wire Wye 347V600V with neutral
WNB-3D-240-PDelta
or Wye
120ndash140
Vac
208ndash240
Vac
1 Phase 2 Wire 208V (no neutral)
1 Phase 2 Wire 240V (no neutral)
1 Phase 3 Wire 120V240V with neutral
3 Phase 3 Wire Delta 208V (no neutral)
3 Phase 4 Wire Wye 120V208V with neutral
3 Phase 4 Wire Delta 120208240V with neutral
WNB-3D-400-PDelta
or Wye230 Vac 400 Vac
3 Phase 3 Wire Delta 400V (no neutral)
3 Phase 4 Wire Wye 230V400V with neutral
WNB-3D-480-PDelta
or Wye277 Vac 480 Vac
3 Phase 3 Wire Delta 480V (no neutral)
3 Phase 4 Wire Wye 277V480V with neutral
3 Phase 4 Wire Delta 240415480V with neutral
The wire count does NOT include ground It only includes neutral (if present) and phase wires
Table 1 WattNode Models
Single-Phase Two-Wire with NeutralThis configuration is most often seen in homes and offices The two conductors are neutral and
line For these models the meter is powered from the N and OslashA terminals
Figure 2 Single-Phase Two-Wire Connection
Ground
WH
ITE
BLA
CK
OslashB CT
OslashC CT
OslashA CT
OslashB
OslashC
N
OslashA
GND or CommonInput or Positive
Monitoring Equip-ment or Display
P1P2P3
COM
Out
put
Status
Status
Status
WATTNODEreg PULSE
WNB-WNB- -P
-P
Line
Neutral
LINE
LOA
D
ShortingJumpers
SourceFace
CurrentTransformer
3Y-xxx
Installation 9
Recommended WattNode ModelsThe following table shows the WattNode models that should be used depending on the line to
neutral voltage
Line to Neutral Voltage WattNode Model120 Vac WNB-3Y-208-P
230 Vac WNB-3Y-400-P
277 Vac WNB-3Y-480-P
Single-Phase Three-Wire (Mid-Point Neutral)This configuration is seen in North American residential and commercial service with 240 Vac for
large appliances The three conductors are a mid-point neutral and two line voltage wires with AC
waveforms 180deg out of phase this results in 120 Vac between either line conductors (phase) and
neutral and 240 Vac (or sometimes 208 Vac) between the two line conductors (phases)
Figure 3 Single-Phase Three-Wire Connection
Recommended WattNode ModelsThe following table shows the WattNode models that can be used If neutral may or may not be
present you should use the WNB-3D-240-P (see Single-Phase Two-Wire without Neutral below) If neutral is present it must be connected for accurate measurements If phase B may
not be present you should use the WNB-3Y-208-P (see Single-Phase Two-Wire with Neutral above)
Meter Power Source WattNode ModelN and OslashA (Neutral and Phase A) WNB-3Y-208-P
OslashA and OslashB (Phase A and Phase B) WNB-3D-240-P
Ground
WH
ITE
BLA
CK
OslashB CT
OslashC CT
OslashA CT
OslashB
OslashC
N
OslashA
GND or CommonInput or Positive
Monitoring Equip-ment or Display
P1P2P3
COM
Out
put
Status
Status
Status
WATTNODEreg PULSE
WNB-WNB- -P
-P
Phase A
Neutral
Phase B
WHITEBLACK
120 Vac240 Vac
120 Vac
LINE
LOA
D
ShortingJumper Source
Faces
CurrentTransformers
3Y-2083D-240
10 Installation
Single-Phase Two-Wire without NeutralThis is seen in residential and commercial service with 208 to 240 Vac for large appliances The
two conductors have AC waveforms 120deg or 180deg out of phase Neutral is not used For this
configuration the meter is powered from the OslashA and OslashB (phase A and phase B) terminals
For best accuracy we recommend connecting the N (neutral) terminal to the ground terminal
This will not cause ground current to flow because the neutral terminal does not power the meter
Figure 4 Single-Phase Two-Wire without Neutral Connection
Recommended WattNode ModelThis configuration is normally measured with the following WattNode model
Line-to-Line Voltage WattNode Model208 - 240 Vac WNB-3D-240-P
If neutral is available you may also use the WNB-3Y-208-P model If you use the WNB-3Y-208-P
you will need to hook up the meter as shown in section Single-Phase Three-Wire (Mid-Point Neutral) and connect neutral You will need two CTs
If one of the conductors (phase A or phase B) is grounded see Grounded Leg Service below for
recommendations
Ground
WH
ITE
BLA
CK
OslashB CT
OslashC CT
OslashA CT
OslashB
OslashC
N
OslashA
GND or CommonInput or Positive
Monitoring Equip-ment or Display
P1P2P3
COM
Out
put
Status
Status
Status
WATTNODEreg PULSE
WNB-WNB- -P
-P
Phase A
Phase B
WHITEBLACK
208-240 Vac
LINE
LOA
D
ShortingJumper Source
Faces
CurrentTransformers
3D-240
Installation 11
Three-Phase Four-Wire WyeThis is typically seen in commercial and industrial environments The conductors are neutral and
three power lines with AC waveforms shifted 120deg between phases The line voltage conductors
may be connected to the OslashA OslashB and OslashC terminals in any order so long as the CTs are con-nected to matching phases It is important that you connect N (neutral) for accurate measure-
ments For wye ldquo-3Yrdquo models the meter is powered from the N and OslashA terminals
Figure 5 Three-Phase Four-Wire Wye Connection
Recommended WattNode ModelsThe following table shows the WattNode models that should be used depending on the line-to-
neutral voltage and line-to-line voltage (also called phase-to-phase voltage)
Line-to-Neutral Voltage Line-to-Line Voltage WattNode Model120 Vac 208 Vac WNB-3Y-208-P
230 Vac 400 Vac WNB-3Y-400-P
277 Vac 480 Vac WNB-3Y-480-P
347 Vac 600 Vac WNB-3Y-600-P
Note you may also use the following delta WattNode models to measure three-phase four-wire
wye circuits The only difference is that delta WattNode models are powered from OslashA and OslashB
rather than N and OslashA If neutral is present it must be connected for accurate measurements
Line-to-Neutral Voltage Line-to-Line Voltage WattNode Model120 - 140 Vac 208 - 240 Vac WNB-3D-240-P
230 Vac 400 Vac WNB-3D-400-P
277 Vac 480 Vac WNB-3D-480-P
Ground
WH
ITE
BLA
CK
OslashB CT
OslashC CT
OslashA CT
OslashB
OslashC
N
OslashA
GND or CommonInput or Positive
Monitoring Equip-ment or Display
P1P2P3
COM
Out
put
Status
Status
Status
WATTNODEreg PULSE
WNB-WNB- -P
-P
Neutral
Phase A
Phase B
Phase C
LOA
D
WHITEBLACK
WH
ITE
BLA
CK
LINE
SourceFaces
CurrentTransformers
3Y-xxx3D-xxx
12 Installation
Three-Phase Three-Wire Delta Without NeutralThis is typically seen in manufacturing and industrial environments There is no neutral wire just
three power lines with AC waveforms shifted 120deg between the successive phases With this
configuration the line voltage wires may be connected to the OslashA OslashB and OslashC terminals in any
order so long as the CTs are connected to matching phases For these models the meter is
powered from the OslashA and OslashB (phase A and phase B) terminals Note all delta WattNode models
provide a neutral connection N which allows delta WattNode models to measure both wye and
delta configurations
For best accuracy we recommend connecting the N (neutral) terminal to earth ground This will
not cause ground current to flow because the neutral terminal is not used to power the meter
Figure 6 Three-Phase Three-Wire Delta Connection
Recommended WattNode ModelsThe following table shows the WattNode models that should be used depending on the line-to-
line voltage (also called phase-to-phase voltage)
Line-to-Line Voltage WattNode Model208 - 240 Vac WNB-3D-240-P
400 Vac WNB-3D-400-P
480 Vac WNB-3D-480-P
Three-Phase Four-Wire Delta (Wild Leg)The uncommon four-wire delta electrical service is a three-phase delta service with a center-tap
on one of the transformer windings to create a neutral for single-phase loads
See httpwwwccontrolsyscomwFour_Wire_Delta_Circuits for details
Grounded Leg ServiceIn rare cases with delta services or single-phase two-wire services without neutral one of the
phases may be grounded You can check for this by using a multimeter (DMM) to measure the
voltage between each phase and ground If you see a reading between 0 and 5 Vac that leg is
probably grounded (sometimes called a ldquogrounded deltardquo)
Ground
WH
ITE
BLA
CK
OslashB CT
OslashC CT
OslashA CT
OslashB
OslashC
N
OslashA
GND or CommonInput or Positive
Monitoring Equip-ment or Display
P1P2P3
COMO
utpu
t
Status
Status
Status
WATTNODEreg PULSE
WNB-WNB- -P
-P
Phase A
Phase B
Phase C
WHITEBLACK
WH
ITE
BLA
CK
LINE
LOA
D
SourceFaces
CurrentTransformers
3D-xxx
Installation 13
The WattNode meter will correctly measure services with a grounded leg but the measured
power for the grounded phase will be zero and the status LED will not light for whichever phase is
grounded because the voltage is near zero
For optimum accuracy with a grounded leg you should also connect the N (neutral) terminal
on the meter to the ground terminal this will not cause any ground current to flow because the
neutral terminal is not used to power the meter If you have a grounded leg configuration you can
save money by removing the CT for the grounded phase since all the power will be measured on
the non-grounded phases We recommend putting the grounded leg on the OslashB or OslashC inputs and
attaching a note to the meter indicating this configuration for future reference
MountingProtect the WattNode meter from moisture direct sunlight high temperatures and conductive
pollution (salt spray metal dust etc) If moisture or conductive pollution may be present use an
IP 66 or NEMA 4 rated enclosure to protect the meter Due to its exposed screw terminals the
meter must be installed in an electrical service panel an enclosure or an electrical room The
meter may be installed in any orientation directly to a wall of an electrical panel or junction box
Drawn to Scale
153 mm (602)
38 mm (150) High
Oslash 98 mm (0386)
Oslash 51 mm (0200)
1366 mm (5375)
851 mm
(335)
Figure 7 WattNode Meter Dimensions
The WattNode meter has two mounting holes spaced 5375 inches (137 mm) apart (center to
center) These mounting holes are normally obscured by the detachable screw terminals Remove
the screw terminals by pulling outward while rocking from end to end The meter or Figure 7
may be used as a template to mark mounting hole positions but do not drill the holes with the meter in the mounting position because the drill may damage the connectors and leave drill
shavings in the connectors
You may mount the meter with the supplied 8 self-tapping sheet metal screws using 18 inch
pilot hole (32 mm) Or you may use hook-and-loop fasteners If you use screws avoid over-tight-
ening which can crack the case If you donrsquot use the supplied screws the following sizes should
work (bold are preferred) use washers if the screws could pull through the mounting holes
14 Installation
Selecting Current TransformersThe rated full-scale current of the CTs should normally be chosen somewhat above the maximum
current of the circuit being measured (see Current Crest Factor below for more details) In some
cases you might select CTs with a lower rated current to optimize accuracy at lower current
readings Take care that the maximum allowable current for the CT can not be exceeded without
tripping a circuit breaker or fuse see Current Transformers (p 35)
We only offer CTs that measure AC current not DC current Significant DC current can saturate
the CT magnetic core reducing the AC accuracy Most loads only have AC current but some rare
loads draw DC current which can cause measurement errors See our website for more informa-
tion httpwwwccontrolsyscomwDC_Current_and_Half-Wave_Rectified_Loads
CTs can measure lower currents than they were designed for by passing the wire through the
CT more than once For example to measure currents up to 1 amp with a 5 amp CT loop the
wire through the CT five times The CT is now effectively a 1 amp CT instead of a 5 amp CT The
effective current rating of the CT is the labeled rating divided by the number of times that the wire
passes through the CT
If you are using the measurement phases of the WattNode (OslashA OslashB and OslashC) to measure different
circuits (as with Option P3) you can use CTs with different rated current on the different phases
Current Crest FactorThe term ldquocurrent crest factorrdquo is used to describe the ratio of the peak current to the RMS cur-
rent (the RMS current is the value reported by multimeters and the WattNode meter) Resistive
loads like heaters and incandescent lights have nearly sinusoidal current waveforms with a crest
factor near 14 Power factor corrected loads such as electronic lighting ballasts and computer
power supplies typically have a crest factor of 14 to 15 Battery chargers VFD motor controls
and other nonlinear loads can have current crest factors ranging from 20 to 30 and even higher
High current crest factors are usually not an issue when metering whole building loads but can
be a concern when metering individual loads with high current crest factors If the peak current is
too high the meterrsquos CT inputs can clip causing inaccurate readings
This means that when measuring loads with high current crest factors you may want to be
conservative in selecting the CT rated current For example if your load draws 10 amps RMS but
has a crest factor of 30 then the peak current is 30 amps If you use a 15 amp CT the meter will
not be able to accurately measure the 30 amp peak current Note this is a limitation of the meter
measurement circuitry not the CT
The following graph shows the maximum RMS current for accurate measurements as a function
of the current waveform crest factor The current is shown as a percentage of CT rated current
For example if you have a 10 amp load with a crest factor of 20 the maximum CT current is
approximately 85 Eighty-five percent of 15 amps is 1275 which is higher than 10 amps so
your measurements should be accurate On the other hand if you have a 40 amp load with a
crest factor of 40 the maximum CT current is 42 Forty-two percent of a 100 amp CT is 42
amps so you would need a 100 amp CT to accurately measure this 40 amp load
Screw Style USA UTS Sizes Metric SizesPan Head or Round Head 6 8 10 M35 M4 M5
Truss Head 6 8 M35 M4
Hex Washer Head (integrated washer) 6 8 M35 M4Hex Head (add washer) 6 8 10 M35 M4 M5
Table 2 Mounting Screws
Installation 15
80
100
120
140
0
20
40
60
80
10 15 20 25 30 35 40Crest Factor
Max
imum
Acc
urat
e C
T C
urre
nt(P
erce
nt o
f Rat
ed C
urre
nt)
Figure 8 Maximum CT Current vs Crest Factor
You frequently wonrsquot know the crest factor for your load In this case itrsquos generally safe to assume
the crest factor will fall in the 14 to 25 range and select CTs with a rated current roughly 150 of
the expected RMS current So if you expect to be measuring currents up to 30 amps select a 50
amp CT
Connecting Current Transformers Use only UL recognized current transformers (CTs) with built-in burden resistors that generate
033333 Vac (33333 millivolts AC) at rated current See Current Transformers (p 35) for
the maximum input current ratings
Do not use ratio (current output) CTs such as 1 amp or 5 amp output CTs they will destroy
the meter and present a shock hazard These are commonly labelled with a ratio like 1005
Find the arrow or label ldquoTHIS SIDE TOWARD SOURCErdquo on the CT and face toward the
current source generally the utility meter or the circuit breaker for branch circuits If CTs are
mounted backwards or with their white and black wires reversed the measured power will be
negative The diagnostic LEDs indicates negative power with flashing red LEDs
Be careful to match up the current transformers to the voltage phases being measured Make
sure the OslashA CT is measuring the line voltage connected to OslashA and the same for phases B
and C Use the supplied colored labels or tape to identify the wires
To prevent magnetic interference the CTs on different phases should be separated by 1 inch
(25 mm) The line voltage conductors for each phase should be separated by at least 1 inch
(25 mm) from each other and from neutral
For best accuracy the CT opening should not be much larger than the conductor If the CT
opening is much larger position the conductor in the center of the CT opening
Because CT signals are susceptible to interference we recommend keeping the CT wires
short and cutting off any excess length It is generally better to install the meter near the line
voltage conductors instead of extending the CT wires However you may extend the CT wires
by 300 feet (100 m) or more by using shielded twisted-pair cable and by running the CT wires
away from high current and line voltage conductors
OPTIONAL if you see spurious readings on unused phases jumper the unused CT inputs
To connect CTs pass the wire to be measured through the CT and connect the CT to the meter
Always remove power before disconnecting any live wires Put the line conductors through
the CTs as shown in the section Electrical Service Types (p 8) You may measure gener-
ated power by treating the generator as the source
16 Installation
Circuit ProtectionThe WattNode meter is considered ldquopermanently connected equipmentrdquo because it does not
use a conventional power cord that can be easily unplugged Permanently connected equip-ment must have overcurrent protection and be installed with a means to disconnect the equipment
A switch disconnect or circuit breaker may be used to disconnect the meter and must be
as close as practical to the meter If a switch or disconnect is used then there must also be a
fuse or circuit breaker of appropriate rating protecting the meter
WattNode meters only draw 10-30 milliamps CCS recommends using circuit breakers or
fuses rated for between 05 amps and 20 amps and rated for the line voltages and the cur-
rent interrupting rating required
The circuit breakers or fuses must protect the ungrounded supply conductors (the terminals
labeled OslashA OslashB and OslashC) If neutral is also protected (this is rare) then the overcurrent protec-
tion device must interrupt neutral and the supply conductors simultaneously
Any switches or disconnects should have at least a 1 amp rating and must be rated for the
line voltages
The circuit protection disconnect system must meet IEC 60947-1 and IEC 60947-3 as well
as all national and local electrical codes
The line voltage connections should be made with wire rated for use in a service panel or
junction box with a voltage rating sufficient for the highest voltage present CCS recommends
14 or 12 AWG (15 mm2 or 25 mm2) stranded wire rated for 300 or 600 volts Solid wire may
be used but must be routed carefully to avoid putting excessive stress on the screw terminal
The WattNode meter has an earth connection which should be connected for maximum
accuracy However this earth connection is not used for safety (protective) earthing
For solid-core CTs disconnect the line voltage conductor to install it through the CT opening
Split-core and bus-bar CTs can be opened for installation around a wire by puling the removable
section straight away from the rest of the CT or unhooking the latch it may require a strong pull
Some CT models include thumb-screws to secure the opening The removable section may fit
only one way so match up the steel core pieces when closing the CT If the CT seems to jam and
will not close the steel core pieces are probably not aligned correctly DO NOT FORCE together
Instead reposition or rock the removable portion until the CT closes without excessive force A
nylon cable tie can be secured around the CT to prevent inadvertent opening
Some split-core CT models have flat mating surfaces When installing this type of CT make sure
that mating surfaces are clean Any debris between the mating surfaces will increase the gap
decreasing accuracy
Next connect the CT lead wires to the meter terminals labeled OslashA CT OslashB CT and OslashC CT Route
the twisted black and white wires from the CT to the meter We recommend cutting off any
excess length to reduce the risk of interference Strip 14 inch (6 mm) of insulation off the ends of
the CT leads and connect to the six position black screw terminal block Connect each CT lead
with the white wire aligned with the white dot on the label and the black wire aligned with the
black dot Note the order in which the phases are connected as the voltage phases must match
the current phases for accurate power measurement
Finally record the CT rated current as part of the installation record for each meter If the conduc-
tors being measured are passed through the CTs more than once then the recorded rated CT
current is divided by the number of times that the conductor passes through the CT
Installation 17
Connecting Voltage TerminalsAlways turn off or disconnect power before connecting the voltage inputs to the meter Con-
nect each phase voltage to the appropriate input on the green terminal block also connect
ground and neutral (if required)
The voltage inputs to the meter do not need to be powered from to the same branch circuit as
the load being monitored In other words if you have a three-phase panel with a 100 A three-pole
breaker powering a motor that you wish to monitor you can power the meter (or several meters)
from a separate 20 A three-pole breaker installed in the same or even adjacent panel so long as
the load and voltage connections are supplied from the same electric service
The green screw terminals handle wire up to 12 AWG (25 mm2) Strip the wires to expose 14rdquo (6
mm) of bare copper When wiring the meter do not put more than one wire under a screw If you
need to distribute power to other meters use wire nuts or a power distribution block The section
Electrical Service Types (p 8) shows the proper connections for the different meter models
and electrical services Verify that the voltage line phases match the CT phases
If there is any doubt that the meter voltage rating is correct for the circuit being measured unplug
the green terminal block (to protect the meter) turn on the power and use a voltmeter to compare
the voltages (probe the terminal block screws) to the values in the white box on the meter front
label After testing plug in the terminal block making sure that is pushed in all the way
The WattNode meter is powered from the voltage inputs OslashA (phase A) to N (neutral) for wye
ldquo-3Yrdquo models or OslashA to OslashB for delta ldquo-3Drdquo models If the meter is not receiving at least 80 of the
nominal line voltage it may stop operating Since the meter consumes a small amount of power
itself (typically 1-3 watts) you may wish to power the meter from a separate circuit or place the
current transformers downstream of the meter so its power consumption is not measured
For best accuracy always connect the N (neutral) terminal on the meter If you are using a delta
meter and the circuit has no neutral then jumper the earth ground to the N (neutral) terminal
When power is first applied to the meter check that the LEDs behave normally (see Installa-tion LED Diagnostics (p 20) below) if you see the LEDs flashing red-green-red-green then
disconnect the power immediately This indicates the line voltage is too high for this model
10sec
GR GR GR GR GR GR
GR GR GR GR GR GR
GR GR GR GR GR GRCBA
Figure 9 WattNode LED Overvoltage Warning
Connecting Pulse Outputs The outputs P1 P2 and P3 should not be connected to negative voltages (except with
Option SSR) or to voltages greater than +60 Vdc
The recommended maximum current through the pulse output optoisolators is 5 mA
although they will generally switch 8-10 mA If you need to switch higher currents contact us
about Option SSR (solid-state relay) see Specifications - Option SSR Outputs (p 33)
The outputs are isolated (5000 Vac RMS) from dangerous voltages so you can connect them
with the meter powered The outputs are also isolated from the meterrsquos earth ground and
neutral connections
If the output wiring is located near line voltage wiring use wires or cables rated for the high-
est voltage present generally 300V or 600V rated wire
If this cable will be in the presence of bare conductors such as bus-bars it should be double
insulated or jacketed
When wiring over long distances use shielded twisted-pair cable to prevent interference
18 Installation
The pulse output channels are the collector and emitter of an optoisolator transistor (also called
a photocoupler) controlled by the meterrsquos pulse stream (see Option SSR Outputs (p 33) for
solid-state relay outputs) These outputs may be connected to most data monitoring devices that
expect a contact closure or relay input data loggers energy management systems etc Most of
these devices provide excitation voltage with internal pull-up resistors If your device does not the
following schematic illustrates connecting pull-up resistors on all three optoisolator outputs with a
pull-up voltage of 5 Vdc
5V
Rpullup Rpullup
P1
P2
P3
COM
RpullupWATTNODE
Figure 10 Optoisolator Outputs
The meter can have from one to three pulse output channels All three output channels share the
common COM or ground connection Each output channel has its own positive output connec-
tion labeled P1 P2 and P3 (tied to the transistor collectors)
Output AssignmentsThe following table shows the pulse output channel assignments for the standard bidirectional
output model and different options See Manual Supplement MS-10 for details about Option PV
and Manual Supplement MS-11 for details about Option DPO
WattNode Outputs P1 Output P2 Output P3 OutputStandard
Bidirectional Outputs
Positive real energy
(all phases)
Negative real energy
(all phases)
Not used
Option P3 Per-Phase Outputs
Phase A positive
real energy
Phase B positive
real energy
Phase C positive
real energy
Option PV Photovoltaic
Phases A+B positive
real energy
Phases A+B negative
real energy
Phase C positive
real energy
Option DPO Dual Positive Outputs
Positive real energy
(all phases)
Negative real energy
(all phases)
Positive real energy
(all phases)
Table 3 Pulse Output Assignments
Note we use the terms ldquopositiverdquo and ldquonegativerdquo but other common terms are ldquoproductionrdquo and
ldquoconsumptionrdquo You can wire the meter so that positive energy corresponds to either production
or consumption depending on your application
Installation 19
Pull-Up Resistor SelectionFor standard WattNode meters with the normal 400 Hz full-scale frequency pull-up resistor
values between 10kΩ and 100kΩ work well You may use values of 10MΩ or higher to reduce
power consumption for battery powered equipment Note pull-up resistor values of 10MΩ or
higher will make the pulse output signal more susceptible to interference so you may want to
keep the wiring short use shielded cable and avoid running the pulse signal near AC wiring
The following table lists pull-up resistor values (in ohms kilo-ohms and mega-ohms) to use
with the pulse output channels particularly if you have ordered a model with a pulse frequency
different than 400 Hz For each configuration the table lists a recommended value followed by
minimum and maximum resistor values These values typically result in a pulse waveform rise
time (from 20 to 80 of the pull-up voltage) of less than 10 of the total pulse period The fall
time is roughly constant in the 2 to 10 microsecond range Lower resistance will result in faster
switching and increase the current flow If your frequency isnrsquot in the table use the next higher
frequency or interpolate between two values
Full-Scale Pulse
Frequency
Pull-up to 30 Vdc Recommended
(Min-Max)
Pull-up to 50 Vdc Recommended
(Min-Max)
Pull-up to 12 Vdc Recommended
(Min-Max)
Pull-up to 24 Vdc Recommended
(Min-Max)1 Hz 470kΩ (600Ω-47M) 470kΩ (10k-56M) 470kΩ (24k-75M) 10MΩ (47k-91M)
4 Hz 100kΩ (600Ω-12M) 100kΩ (10k-16M) 100kΩ (24k-22M) 200kΩ (47k-30M)10 Hz 47kΩ (600Ω-470k) 47kΩ (10k-620k) 47kΩ (24k-910k) 100kΩ (47k-13M)
50 Hz 10kΩ (600Ω-91k) 10kΩ (10k-130k) 20kΩ (24k-200k) 47kΩ (47k-270k)
100 Hz 47kΩ (600Ω-47k) 47kΩ (10k-62k) 10kΩ (24k-100k) 20kΩ (47k-130k)
200 Hz 20kΩ (600Ω-24k) 20kΩ (10k-33k) 47kΩ (24k-47k) 10kΩ (47k-68k)
600 Hz 20kΩ (600Ω-82k) 20kΩ (10k-12k) 47kΩ (24k-16k) 10kΩ (47k-22k)
Table 4 Recommended Pulse Output Pull-up Resistors
When the optoisolator is on (conducting) there is a small voltage drop between the common and
output terminals typically 01 - 04 volts called the saturation voltage This voltage depends on
the current flow through the optoisolator (see Specifications - Optoisolator Outputs (p 32) below for details) To compute the current flow through the optoisolator use the following approxi-
mate equation
Vpullup - The supply voltage for the pull-up resistor (DC volts)
Rpullup - The pull-up resistor resistance (ohms)
Iopto - The approximate current (amps) through the optoisolator when it is on (conducting)
Iopto = Vpullup Rpullup
Installation Summary1) Mount the WattNode meter
2) Turn off power before installing solid-core (non-opening) CTs or making voltage connections
3) Mount the CTs around the line voltage conductors being measured Take care to orient the
CTs facing the source of power
4) Connect the twisted white and black wires from the CT to the six position black terminal
block on the meter matching the wire colors to the white and black dots on the front label
5) Connect the voltage wires including ground and neutral (if present) to the green terminal
block and check that the current (CT) phases match the voltage measurement phases
6) Connect the pulse output terminals of the meter to the monitoring equipment
7) Apply power to the meter
8) Verify that the LEDs light correctly and donrsquot indicate an error condition
20 Installation
Installation LED DiagnosticsThe WattNode meter includes multi-color power diagnostic LEDs for each phase to help verify
correct operation and diagnose incorrect wiring The LEDs are marked ldquoStatusrdquo on the label The
following diagrams and descriptions explain the various LED patterns and their meanings The A
B and C on the left side indicate the phase of the LEDs Values like ldquo10secrdquo and ldquo30secrdquo indi-
cate the time the LEDs are lit in seconds In the diagrams sometimes the colors are abbreviated
R = red G or Grn = green Y = yellow
Normal StartupOn initial power-up the LEDs will all light up in a red
yellow green sequence After this startup sequence the
LEDs will show the status such as Normal Operation
below
Normal OperationDuring normal operation when positive power is measured
on a phase the LED for that phase will flash green Typical
flash rates are shown below
Percent of Full-Scale Power LED Flash Rate Flashes in 10 Seconds100 50 Hz 50
50 36 Hz 36
25 25 Hz 25
10 16 Hz 16
5 11 Hz 11
1 (and lower) 05 Hz 5
Table 5 LED Flash Rates vs Power
Zero PowerFor each phase if line Vac is present but the measured
power is below the minimum that the meter will measure (see
Specifications - Measurement - Creep Limit) the meter will display solid green for that phase
Inactive PhaseIf the meter detects no power and line voltage below 20 of
nominal it will turn off the LED for the phase
Negative PowerIf one or more of the phase LEDs are flashing red it
indicates negative power (power flowing into the grid) on
those phases The rate of flashing indicates magnitude of
negative power (see Table 5 above) This can happen for
the following reasons
This is a bidirectional power measurement application such as a photovoltaic system where
negative power occurs whenever you generate more power than you consume
The current transformer (CT) for this phase was installed backwards on the current carrying
wire or the white and black wires for the CT were reversed at the meter This can be solved
by flipping the CT on the wire or swapping the white and black wires at the meter
In some cases this can also occur if the CT wires are connected to the wrong inputs such
as if the CT wires for phases B and C are swapped
10sec10sec10sec
GreenYellowRed
GreenYellowRed
GreenYellowRed
CBA
Green Off Green Off Green Off
Green
Off
CBA Red Off Red Off Red Off
Red Off Red Off RedOff
Red Off Red Off Red Off
Installation 21
Note if all three LEDs are flashing red and they always turn on and off together like the diagram
for Low Line Voltage below then the meter is experiencing an error or low line voltage not nega-
tive power
Erratic FlashingIf the LEDs are flashing slowly and erratically sometimes
green sometimes red this generally indicates one of the
following
Earth ground is not connected to the meter (the top
connection on the green screw terminal)
Voltage is connected for a phase but the current transformer is not connected or the CT has
a loose connection
In some cases particularly for a circuit with no load this may be due to electrical noise This
is not harmful and can generally be disregarded provided that you are not seeing substantial
measured power when there shouldnrsquot be any Try turning on the load to see if the erratic
flashing stops
To fix this try the following
Make sure earth ground is connected
If there are unused current transformer inputs install a shorting jumper for each unused CT (a
short length of wire connected between the white and black dots marked on the label)
If there are unused voltage inputs (on the green screw terminal) connect them to neutral (if
present) or earth ground (if neutral isnrsquot available)
If you suspect noise may be the problem try moving the meter away from the source of
noise Also try to keep the CT wires as short as possible and cut off excess wire
Meter Not OperatingIt should not be possible for all three LEDs to stay off
when the meter is powered because the phase powering
the meter will have line voltage present Therefore if all
LEDs are off the meter is either not receiving sufficient
line voltage to operate or is malfunctioning and needs to be returned for service Verify that the
voltage on the Vac screw terminals is within plusmn20 of the nominal operating voltages printed in the
white rectangle on the front label
Meter ErrorIf the meter experiences an internal error it will light all
LEDs red for three seconds (or longer) If you see this
happen repeatedly return the meter for service
Bad CalibrationThis indicates that the meter has detected bad calibration
data and must be returned for service
Line Voltage Too HighWhenever the meter detects line voltages over 125 of
normal for one or more phases it will display a fast red
green flashing for the affected phases This is harmless if
it occurs due a momentary surge but if the line voltage is
high continuously the power supply may fail If you see continuous over-voltage flashing disconnect the meter immediately Check that the model
and voltage rating is correct for the electrical service
GrnRedGrn
GreenRed
Grn Red
CBA Off Off Off
Off Off Red
Off Red Off
Off
Off
Off
CBA
30sec
Red
Red
Red
CBA
Yellow
Red
Red
CBA
10sec
GR GR GR GR GR GR
GR GR GR GR GR GR
GR GR GR GR GR GRCBA
22 Installation
Bad Line FrequencyIf the meter detects a power line frequency below 45 Hz
or above 70 Hz it will light all the LEDs yellow for at least
three seconds The LEDs will stay yellow until the line
frequency returns to normal During this time the meter
should continue to accurately measure power This can
occur in the presence of extremely high noise such as if the meter is too close to an unfiltered
variable frequency drive
Low Line VoltageThese LED patterns occur if the line voltage is too low
for the meter to operate correctly and the meter reboots
repeatedly The pattern will be synchronized on all three
LEDs Verify that the voltage on the Vac screw terminals is
not more than 20 lower than the nominal operating volt-
ages printed in the white rectangle on the front label If the
voltages are in the normal range and the meter continues
to display one of these patterns return it for service
30secCBA
Yellow
Yellow
Yellow
10sec
YRed
YRed
YRed
CBA
YRed
YRed
YRed
CBA
R
R
R
R
R
R
R
R
R
R
R
R
R
R
R
R
R
R
10sec
Measurement TroubleshootingIf the WattNode meter does not appear to be operating correctly or generating expected pulses
start by checking the diagnostic LEDs as described in the previous section Installation LED Diagnostics (p 20) Then double check the installation instructions If there are still problems
check the following
No Pulses Make sure the load is turned on
If the LEDs are flashing green then the meter is measuring positive power and should output
pulses on P1 so there may be something wrong with the pulse output connection or you
may need a pull-up resistor see Connecting Pulse Outputs (p 17)
If the LEDs on one or more phases are flashing red then the total power may be negative
in which case the meter wonrsquot generate positive energy pulses If you have a bidirectional
model you can check for negative energy pulses on the P2 output If this is the case check
that the line phases match the CT phases that all the CTs face the source of power and that
the CT white and black wires are connected correctly
If all the LEDs are solid green (or off) then the measured power is below the creep limit
(11500th of full-scale) and the meter will not generate any pulses See Specifications - Creep Limit (p 32)
If the LEDs are flashing green slowly the power may be very low A WattNode meter with a
nominal output frequency of 400 Hz can have a pulse period of several minutes at very low
power levels
If all the LEDs are off then the meter does not have sufficient line voltage to operate or has
malfunctioned Use a DMM (multimeter) to verify that the voltage on the Vac screw terminals
is within -20 +15 of the nominal operating voltage
Incorrect Power or Energy ReadingsThis can be caused by any of the following
An incorrect estimate of expected power or energy readings If possible try to verify the
actual energy power or current with a handheld power meter or current clamp
Installation 23
Incorrect scale factors to convert from pulses to energy and power This is commonly caused
by using the normal scale factors with an Option P3 meter or selecting the wrong row of
column from the tables
Some pulse counting equipment (data loggers etc) counts both rising and falling edges as
pulses resulting in a count that is double the intended value This can normally be corrected
by reconfiguring the device or dividing the scale factor by 20
Some pulse monitoring devices cannot handle fast pulse rates If the pulses occur too close
together some may be missed by the monitoring device Check the specifications of your
monitoring device or contact CCS support for assistance
The CTs are not installed on the correct line phases Verify that the CT phasing matches the
line Vac inputs
The measured current exceeds the CT rating This can saturate CT or the WattNode meter
input circuitry resulting in lower than expected readings If possible use a current clamp to
measure the current and make sure it is below the CT rated amps
The measured current is too small Most current transformers are only specified to meet
their accuracy from 10 to 100 of rated current In practice most CTs work reasonably
well down to 1 of rated current Very low currents may not register properly resulting in low
power or no power reported
Interference from a variable frequency or variable speed drive VFD VSD inverter or the
like Generally these drives should not interfere with the meter but if they are in very close
proximity or if the CT leads are long interference can occur Try moving the meter at least
three feet (one meter) away from any VFDs Use short CT leads if possible NEVER connect
the meter downstream of a VFD the varying line frequency and extreme noise will cause
problems
The CTs may be malfunctioning If possible use a current clamp to verify the current then
use a DMM (multimeter) to measure the AC voltage between the white and black wires from
the CT (leave them connected to the meter during this test) At rated current the CT output
voltage should equal 0333 Vac (333 millivolts AC) At lower currents the voltage should scale
linearly so at 20 of rated current the output voltage should be 020 0333 = 00666 Vac
(666 millivolts AC)
The meter is not functioning correctly if possible swap the meter for another unit of the
same model
24 Operating Instructions
Operating InstructionsPulse Outputs
The WattNode meter generates pulse outputs using one or more optoisolators (also called
photocouplers) These provide 5000 Vac of isolation using an LED and a photo-transistor This
allows the meter to be interfaced to monitoring or data logging hardware without concerns about
interference ground loops shock hazard etc
Depending on the options selected the Pulse WattNode meter can generate full-scale pulses at
output frequencies ranging from less than 1 Hz to 600 Hz The standard full-scale pulse output
frequency is 400 Hz The standard model provides two pulse streams for measuring bidirectional
power With Option P3 there are three pulse channels for independently measuring each phase
or three single-phase circuits
The pulse outputs are approximately square-waves with equal on and off periods The frequency
of pulses is proportional to the measured power When the measured power is constant the
pulse frequency is constant and the output is an exact square-wave If the power is increasing
or decreasing the output waveform will not be a perfect square-wave as the on and off periods
are getting longer or shorter If you need a fixed or minimum pulse duration (closed period) see
Manual Supplement MS-17 Option PW (Pulse Width)
We define a ldquopulserdquo as a full cycle including both an Open Closed and an Closed Open
transition You can choose either a rising or falling edge to start a pulse the end of the pulse will
be the next matching edge Some monitoring equipment or data loggers can be configured to
count both rising and falling edges if your equipment is configured this way you will count twice
as many pulses as expected This can normally be corrected by reconfiguring the equipment or
adjusting the scale factors by a factor of 2
Open
Closed
400ms400ms
800ms
400ms400ms
800ms
400ms400ms
800ms
Figure 11 Output Pulses for Steady Power
Open
Closed
200ms
200ms
200ms
200ms
300ms400ms500ms500ms
1000ms 700ms 400ms 400ms
Figure 12 Output Pulses for Increasing Power
See Connecting Pulse Outputs (p 17) and Specifications - Pulse Outputs (p 32) for
more information
Operating Instructions 25
Power and Energy ComputationEvery pulse from the meter corresponds to a fixed amount of energy Power (watts) is energy
divided by time which can be measured as pulses per second (or pulses per hour) The following
scale factor tables and equations convert from pulses to energy (watt-hours or kilowatt-hours) for
different models
If you have ordered a custom full-scale pulse output frequency then see the
Power and Energy Equations section below For Option PV (Photovoltaic) see
Manual Supplement MS-10 Option PV for scale factors
Scale Factors - Standard Bidirectional Outputs (and Option DPO)The following table provides scale factors for standard bidirectional output models with a full-
scale pulse output frequency of 400 Hz This table also works for 400 Hz models with Option DPO Equations to compute power and energy follow the scale factor tables
CT Size (amps)
Watt-hours per pulse (WHpP) Pulses Per kilowatt-hour (PpKWH)3Y-208 3D-240
3Y-400 3D-400
3Y-480 3D-480
3Y-6003Y-208 3D-240
3Y-400 3D-400
3Y-480 3D-480
3Y-600
5 0125 02396 02885 03615 800000 417391 346570 276657
15 0375 07188 08656 10844 266667 139130 115524 922190
20 0500 09583 11542 14458 200000 104348 866426 691643
30 0750 14375 17313 21688 133333 695652 577617 461095
50 1250 23958 28854 36146 800000 417391 346570 276657
60 1500 28750 34625 43375 666667 347826 288809 230548
70 1750 33542 40396 50604 571429 298137 247550 197612
100 2500 47917 57708 72292 400000 208696 173285 138329
150 3750 71875 86563 10844 266667 139130 115523 92219
200 5000 95833 11542 14458 200000 104348 86643 69164
250 6250 11979 14427 18073 160000 83478 69314 55331
300 7500 14375 17313 21688 133333 69565 57762 46110
400 10000 19167 23083 28917 100000 52174 43321 34582
600 15000 28750 34625 43375 66667 34783 28881 23055
800 20000 38333 46167 57833 50000 26087 21661 17291
1000 25000 47917 57708 72292 40000 20870 17329 13833
1200 30000 57500 69250 86750 33333 17391 14440 11527
1500 37500 71875 86563 10844 26667 13913 11552 92219
2000 50000 95833 11542 14458 20000 10435 86643 69164
3000 75000 14375 17313 21688 13333 69565 57762 46110
any CtAmps 40
CtAmps 2087
CtAmps 17329
CtAmps 13833
40000 CtAmps
20870 CtAmps
17329 CtAmps
13833 CtAmps
Table 6 Scale Factors - Bidirectional Outputs
Contact CCS for scale factors for models with full-scale pulse output frequencies other than 400
Hz
26 Operating Instructions
Scale Factors - Option P3 Per-Phase OutputsThe following table provides scale factors for Option P3 models with a full-scale pulse output
frequencies of 400 Hz for each phase Note with Option P3 different phases can use different
CTs with different rated currents
WARNING Only use this table if you have Option P3 (Per-Phase Outputs)
CT Size (amps)
Watt-hours per pulse (WHpP) Pulses Per kilowatt-hour (PpKWH)3Y-208 3D-240
3Y-400 3D-400
3Y-480 3D-480
3Y-6003Y-208 3D-240
3Y-400 3D-400
3Y-480 3D-480
3Y-600
5 004167 007986 009618 012049 240000 125217 103971 829971
15 01250 02396 02885 03615 800000 417391 346570 276657
20 01667 03194 03847 04819 600000 313043 259928 207493
30 02500 04792 05771 07229 400000 208696 173285 138329
50 04167 07986 09618 12049 240000 125217 103971 829971
60 05000 09583 11542 14458 200000 104348 866426 691643
70 05833 11181 13465 16868 171429 894410 742651 592837
100 08333 15972 19236 24097 120000 626087 519856 414986
150 12500 23958 28854 36146 800000 417391 346570 276657
200 16667 31944 38472 48194 600000 313043 259928 207493
250 20833 39931 48090 60243 480000 250435 207942 165994
300 25000 47917 57708 72292 400000 208696 173285 138329
400 33333 63889 76944 96389 300000 156522 129964 103746
600 50000 95833 11542 14458 200000 104348 86643 69164
800 66667 12778 15389 19278 150000 78261 64982 51873
1000 83333 15972 19236 24097 120000 62609 51986 41499
1200 10000 19167 23083 28917 100000 52174 43321 34582
1500 12500 23958 28854 36146 80000 41739 34657 27666
2000 16667 31944 38472 48194 60000 31304 25993 20749
3000 25000 47917 57708 72292 40000 20870 17329 13833
any CtAmps 12000
CtAmps 62609
CtAmps 51986
CtAmps 41499
120000 CtAmps
62609 CtAmps
51986 CtAmps
41499 CtAmps
Table 7 Scale Factors - Per-Phase Outputs (Option P3)
Scale Factor EquationsUsing the ldquoWatt-hours per pulserdquo WHpP value from the table above for your model and current
transformer you can compute energy and power as follows
PulseCount - This is the count of pulses used to compute energy You can use the count of
pulses over specified periods of time (like a month) to measure the energy for that period of
time
PulseFreq - This is the measured pulse frequency (Hertz) out of the meter This can also be
computed by counting the number of pulses in a fixed period of time and then dividing by the
number of seconds in that time period For example if you count 720 pulses in five minutes
(300 seconds) then PulseFreq = 720 300 = 240 Hz
Energy (watt-hours) = WHpP PulseCount
Power (watts) = WHpP 3600 PulseFreq
To convert these values to kilowatt-hours and kilowatts divide by 1000
Operating Instructions 27
Using the ldquoPulses Per kilowatt-hourrdquo PpKWH value from the table above for your model and
current transformer you can compute energy and power as follows (multiply by 1000 to convert
kilowatts to watts)
Energy (kilowatt-hours) = PulseCount PpKWH
Power (kilowatts) = 3600 PulseFreq PpKWH
Power and Energy EquationsThis section shows how to compute power and energy from pulses for any full-scale pulse output
frequency The power is proportional to the pulse frequency while the energy is proportional to
the count of pulses
For these calculations we use the following variables
NVac - This is the nominal line voltage (phase to neutral) of the WattNode model For delta
model this is a virtual voltage since there may not be a neutral connection Note this is not the actual measured voltage
PpPO - ldquoPhases per Pulse Outputrdquo This is the number of meter voltage phases associ-
ated with a pulse output channel This may be different than the number of phases you are
monitoring
Standard and Option DPO (Dual Positive Outputs) PpPO = 3
Option P3 (Per-Phase Outputs) PpPO = 1
Option PV (Photovoltaic) PpPO = 2 for outputs P1 and P2 PpPO = 1 for output P3 CtAmps - This is the current transformer (CT) rated amps Note If the conductors being
measured are passed through the CTs more than once then CtAmps is the rated CT current
divided by the number of times that the conductor passes through the CT
FSHz - This is the full-scale pulse frequency of the meter It is 400 Hz unless the meter was
ordered with Option Hz=xxx (where xxx specifies the full-scale pulse frequency) or Option Kh
PulseCount - This is the measured pulse count used to compute energy You can use the
count of pulses over specified periods of time (such as a month) to measure the energy for
that period of time
PulseFreq - This is the measured pulse frequency from one of the pulse channels (P1 P2
or P3) This can be computed by counting the number of pulses in a fixed period of time and
then dividing by the number of seconds in that time period For example if you count 720
pulses in five minutes (300 seconds) then PulseFreq = 720 300 = 240 Hz
The values of the constant parameters are in the following table
WattNode Models NVac Standard FSHz ValuesWNB-3Y-208-P 120 400 Hz
WNB-3Y-400-P 230 400 Hz
WNB-3Y-480-P 277 400 Hz
WNB-3Y-600-P 347 400 Hz
WNB-3D-240-P 120 400 Hz
WNB-3D-400-P 230 400 Hz
WNB-3D-480-P 277 400 Hz
Note these are ldquovirtualrdquo line-to-neutral voltages used for delta model power
and energy computations
Table 8 Power and Energy Parameters
28 Operating Instructions
Watt-Hours per Pulse
FSHz 3600PpPO NVac CtAmpsWHpP =
Watt-Hours per Pulse per CT Rated AmpThere is an alternate way of computing the energy reported by a meter using the variable
WHpPpA (watt-hours per pulse per CT rated amp) If you multiply the WHpPpA by the amp rating
of your CTs the result will be the watt-hours measured each time the meter generates a pulse
EnergyPerPulse (WH) = WHpPpA CtAmps
The standard WHpPpA values are listed in the following table These only apply for models with a
400 Hz full-scale pulse frequency
WattNode ModelsWatt-Hours per Pulse per CT Rated Amp (FSHz = 400)
Standard and
Option DPO Outputs
Option P3
Per-Phase Outputs
WNB-3Y-208-P 002500 0008333
WNB-3Y-400-P 004792 001597
WNB-3Y-480-P 005771 001924
WNB-3Y-600-P 007229 002410
WNB-3D-240-P 002500 0008333
WNB-3D-400-P 004792 001597
WNB-3D-480-P 005771 001924
Table 9 Watt-Hours per Pulse per CT Rated Amp
For example a WNB-3Y-208-P with a full-scale pulse frequency of 400 Hz has a WHpPpA value
of 00250 With 15 amp CTs it will output one pulse for every 0375 watt-hours
(0025) (150 amps) = 0375 watt-hours
It is easy to use the WHpPpA value to compute energy
Energy (Wh) = WHpPpA CtAmps PulseCount
For non-standard models you can compute WHpPpA as follows
FSHz 3600PpPO NVacWHpPpA =
Energy EquationThe following equation computes the energy (watt-hours) associated with a pulse output channel
By using the PulseCount for different periods of time (day week month etc) you can measure
the energy over different time periods You can convert this to kilowatt-hours by dividing by 1000
The 3600 term in the denominator converts from watt-seconds to watt-hours Note use NVac
value from Table 8 above
FSHz 3600Energy (WH) =
NVac PpPO CtAmps PulseCount
Pulses per Watt-Hour
NVac PpPO CtAmpsFSHz 3600PpWH =
Operating Instructions 29
Pulses Per Kilowatt-Hour
NVac PpPO CtAmpsFSHz 3600 1000PpKWH =
Full-Scale Power EquationThe following equation computes the nominal full-scale power associated with a pulse output
channel For bidirectional output models this is the full-scale power for all phases together For
per-phase output models this is the full-scale power for a single phase Note use NVac value
from Table 8 Power and Energy Parameters above
Full-Scale Power (W) = NVac PpPO CtAmps
Power EquationThe following equation computes the power associated with a pulse output The PulseFreq value
may be measured or averaged over different time periods to compute the average power (also
called demand) Note use NVac value from Table 8 above
FSHzNVac PpPO CtAmps PulseFreqPower (W ) =
Maintenance and RepairThe WattNode Pulse meter requires no maintenance There are no user serviceable or replace-
able parts except the pluggable screw terminals
The WattNode meter should not normally need to be cleaned but if cleaning is desired power
must be disconnected first and a dry or damp cloth or brush should be used
The WattNode meter is not user serviceable In the event of any failure the meter must be
returned for service (contact CCS for an RMA) In the case of a new installation follow the diag-
nostic and troubleshooting instructions before returning the meter for service to ensure that the
problem is not connection related
30 Specifications
SpecificationsModels
ModelNominal Vac
Line-to-NeutralNominal Vac Line-to-Line
Phases Wires
WNB-3Y-208-P 120 208ndash240 3 4
WNB-3Y-400-P 230 400 3 4
WNB-3Y-480-P 277 480 3 4
WNB-3Y-600-P 347 600 3 4
WNB-3D-240-P 120 208ndash240 3 3ndash4
WNB-3D-400-P 230 400 3 3ndash4
WNB-3D-480-P 277 480 3 3ndash4
Note the delta models have an optional neutral connection that may be used for measuring
wye circuits In the absence of neutral voltages are measured with respect to ground Delta
WattNode models use the phase A and phase B connections for power
Table 10 WattNode Models
Model OptionsAny of these models are available with the following options
Bidirectional Outputs - (this is the standard model) This model has two pulse output chan-
nels P1 generates pulses in proportion to the total real positive energy while P2 generates
pulses in proportion to the total real negative energy The individual phase energies are all
added together every 200 ms If the result is positive it is accumulated for the P1 output if
negative it is accumulated for the P2 output If one phase has negative power (-100 W) while
the other two phases have positive power (+100 W each) the negative phase will subtract
from the positive phases resulting in a net of 100 W causing pulses on P1 but no pulses on
P2 There will only be pulses on P2 if the sum of all three phases is negative
Option P3 Per-Phase Outputs - Models with this option have three pulse output channels
P1 P2 and P3 Each generates pulses in proportion to the real positive energy measured on
one phase (phases A B and C respectively)
Option DPO Dual Positive Outputs - This option is like the standard model with
bidirectional outputs but with the addition of the P3 output channel The P3 chan-
nel indicates positive real energy just like the P1 channel This is useful when the meter
needs to be connected to two different devices such as a display and a data logger See
Manual Supplement MS-11 Option DPO (Dual Positive Outputs) for details
Option PV Photovoltaic - The photovoltaic option measures residential PV systems It
allows one WattNode meter to measure the bidirectional total house energy and the PV (or
wind) generated energy See Manual Supplement MS-10 Option PV (Photovoltaic) for details
Option Hz Custom Pulse Output Frequency - WattNode meters are available with custom
full-scale pulse output frequencies ranging from 001 Hz to 600 Hz (150 Hz maximum for
Options P3 DPO and PV ) For custom frequencies specify Option Hz=nnn where nnn
is the desired full-scale frequency To specify different frequencies for P1 P2 and P3 use
Option Hz=rrrsssttt where P1 frequency = rrr P2 frequency = sss P3 frequency = ttt
Option SSR Solid State Relay Output - Replaces the standard optoisolator outputs with
solid state relays capable of switching 500 mA at up to 40 Vac or plusmn60 Vdc See Option SSR Outputs below for details
Option TVS=24 - Install 24 V bidirectional TVS protection diodes across P1 P2 and P3
outputs Used with Option SSR when driving 12 Vdc electromechanical counters to protect
the solid-state relays from the inductive kickback of the counter
Specifications 31
Option PW Pulse Width - This specifies the pulse ON (closed or conducting) period in
milliseconds For example Opt PW=100 configures 100 millisecond pulse ON periods See
Manual Supplement MS-17 Option PW (Pulse Width) for details
Option Kh Watt-hour Constant - This specifies the watt-hour constant or the number of
watt-hours that must accumulate for each pulse generated by the meter Each pulse includes
an ON (conducting) and OFF period The number of watt-hours may be small even less than
one or large For example Opt Kh=1000 specifies one pulse per 1000 watt-hours (one pulse
per kilowatt-hour) See httpwwwccontrolsyscomwOption_Kh
Option CT Current Transformer Rated Amps - This specifies the rated
amps of the attached current transformers This is only used in conjunc-
tion with Option Kh It may be specified as Opt CT=xxx or Opt CT=xxxyyyzzz if there are CTs with different rated amps on different phases See
httpwwwccontrolsyscomwWattNode_Pulse_-_Option_CT_-_CT_Rated_Amps
AccuracyThe following accuracy specifications do not include errors caused by the current transformer
accuracy or phase angle errors ldquoRated currentrdquo is the current that generates a CT output voltage
of 033333 Vac
Condition 1 - Normal OperationLine voltage -20 to +15 of nominal
Power factor 10
Frequency 48 - 62 Hz
Ambient Temperature 25degC
CT Current 5 - 100 of rated current
Accuracy plusmn05 of reading
Condition 2 - Low CT CurrentAll conditions the same as Condition 1 exceptCT Current 1 - 5 of rated current
Accuracy plusmn10 of reading
Condition 3 ndash Very Low CT CurrentAll conditions the same as Condition 1 exceptCT Current 02 - 1 of rated current
Accuracy plusmn30 of reading
Condition 4 - High CT CurrentAll conditions the same as Condition 1 exceptCT Current 100 - 120 of rated current
Accuracy plusmn10 of reading
Condition 5 - Low Power FactorAll conditions the same as Condition 1 exceptPower factor 05 (plusmn60 degree phase shift between current and voltage)
Additional Error plusmn05 of reading
Condition 6 - Temperature VariationAll conditions the same as Condition 1 exceptAmbient Temperature -30degC to +55degC
Additional Error plusmn075 of reading
32 Specifications
Note Option PV WattNode models may not meet these accuracy specifications for the P3
output channel when measuring a two-phase inverter or multiple inverters
Pulse OutputsFactory Programmable Full-Scale Pulse Frequencies
Standard (All Models) 400 Hz
Custom (Bidirectional Output Models) 001 Hz to 600 Hz
Custom (Option P3 Option PV Option DPO) 001 Hz to 150 Hz
Absolute Maximum Pulse Output FrequenciesStandard Models (Bidirectional Outputs) 900 Hz
Option P3 Option PV Option DPO 200 Hz
Output Waveform square-wave ~50 duty cycle
Option PW programmable pulse ON (closed or conducting period 1 to 65535 milliseconds
Optoisolator OutputsIsolation 5000 Vac RMS
Breakdown Voltage (collectorndashemitter) 60 V (exceeding this may destroy the outputs)
Maximum Reverse Voltage (emitter-collector) 5 Vdc (exceeding may destroy the outputs)
Maximum Leakage (OFF) Current (collectorndashemitter) 100 nA
Recommended Load Current (collectorndashemitter) 1 μA (microamp) to 5 mA (milliamp)
Maximum Load (collectorndashemitter) Current ~8 mA
Approximate ON Resistance (as measured by a DMM) 100 Ω to 2000 Ω
Approximate OFF Resistance (as measured by a DMM) gt 50 MΩ
MeasurementCreep Limit 0067 (11500th) of full-scale Whenever the apparent power (a combination of the
real and reactive power values) for a phase drops below the creep limit the output power (real)
for the phase will be forced to zero Also if the line voltage for a phase drops below 20 of
nominal Vac the output power for the phase will be set to zero These limits prevent spurious
pulses due to measurement noise
Update Rate ~200 milliseconds Internally the consumed energy is measured at this rate and
used to update the pulse output rate
Start-Up Time approximately 500 milliseconds The meter starts measuring power and generat-
ing pulses 500 milliseconds after AC voltage is applied
Current Transformer Phase Angle Correction 10 degree leading Current transformers (CTs)
typically have a leading phase angle error ranging from 02 degrees to 25 degrees The
WattNode meter is normally programmed to correct for a 10 degree phase lead to provide
good accuracy with typical CTs
Over-Voltage Limit 125 of nominal Vac If the line voltage for one or more phases exceeds this
limit the status LEDs for these phases will flash alternating red-green as a warning Extended
over-voltage operation can damage the meter and void the warranty See Line Voltage Too High (p 21)
Over-Current Limit 120 of rated current Exceeding 120 of rated current will not harm the
WattNode meter but the current and power will not be measured accurately
Specifications 33
Saturation Voltage vs Load Current this is the typical voltage (at room temperature) mea-
sured between the COM terminal and P1 P2 or P3 when the optoisolator is on (conduct-
ing) Ideally this voltage would be zero but instead it varies with the load current
10
100
1000
001 01 1 10
Opt
oiso
lato
r Sat
urat
ion
Vce
(mill
ivol
ts)
Optoisolator Current (mA)
Figure 13 Optoisolator Saturation Voltage vs Load Current
Output Rise Time (microseconds) approximately Rpullup 100 where Rpullup is the pull-
up resistor value (in ohms) and the pull-up voltage is 5 Vdc Rise time is defined as the time
for the output voltage to rise from 20 to 80 of the pull-up voltage
Output Fall Time approximately 2-3 microseconds with a 5 Vdc pull-up voltage
Option SSR OutputsIsolation 5000 Vac RMS
Breakdown Voltage plusmn60 Vdc or 40 Vac can switch positive negative or AC voltages
Maximum Leakage (Off) Current 1000 nA (1 μA)
On Resistance 10 to 25 Ω
Maximum Load Current 500 mA
Output Turn On Time (milliseconds) 18 ms typical 50 ms maximum
Output Turn Off Time (milliseconds) 05 ms typical 20 ms maximum
Maximum Recommended Pulse Frequency 30 Hz
ElectricalPower Consumption The following table shows typical power consumption and power factor
values with all three phases powered at nominal line voltages The power supply draws
most of the total power consumed while the measurement circuitry draws 1-10 of the total
(6-96 milliwatts per phase depending on the model) Due to the design of the power supply
WattNode meters draw slightly more power at 50 Hz
34 Specifications
ModelActive
Power at 60 Hz
Active Power at
50 Hz
Power Factor
Rated Power
Power Supply Range
Power Supply
TerminalsWNB-3Y-208-P 16 W 18 W 075 3 W 96 ndash 138 Vac N and OslashAWNB-3Y-400-P 16 W 18 W 064 3 W 184 ndash 264 Vac N and OslashAWNB-3Y-480-P 21 W 24 W 063 4 W 222 ndash 318 Vac N and OslashAWNB-3Y-600-P 12 W 12 W 047 3 W 278 ndash 399 Vac N and OslashAWNB-3D-240-P 17 W 19 W 063 4 W 166 ndash 276 Vac OslashA and OslashBWNB-3D-400-P 14 W 15 W 047 3 W 320 ndash 460 Vac OslashA and OslashBWNB-3D-480-P 18 W 22 W 053 4 W 384 ndash 552 Vac OslashA and OslashB
Table 11 Power Supply Characteristics
Note This is the maximum rated power at 115 of nominal Vac at 50 Hz This is the same as
the rated power that appears on the front label of the meter
Maximum Operating Power Supply Voltage Range -20 to +15 of nominal (see table
above) For the WNB-3D-240-P this is -20 of 208 Vac (166 Vac) to +15 of 240 Vac (276
Vac)
Operating Frequencies 5060 Hz
Measurement Category CAT III
Measurement category III is for measurements performed in the building installation Examples
are measurements on distribution boards circuit-breakers wiring including cables bus-bars
junction boxes switches socket-outlets in the fixed installation and equipment for industrial
use and some other equipment for example stationary motors with permanent connection to
the fixed installation
The line voltage measurement terminals on the meter are rated for the following CAT III volt-
ages (these ratings also appear on the front label)
Model CAT III Voltage RatingWNB-3Y-208-P
WNB-3D-240-P
240 Vac
WNB-3Y-400-P
WNB-3D-400-P
400 Vac
WNB-3Y-480-P
WNB-3D-480-P
480 Vac
WNB-3Y-600-P 600 Vac
Table 12 WattNode CAT III Ratings
Current Transformer InputsNominal Input Voltage (At CT Rated Current) 033333 Vac RMS
Absolute Maximum Input Voltage 50 Vac RMS
Input Impedance at 5060 Hz 23 kΩ
Specifications 35
CertificationsSafety UL 61010-1 CANCSA-C222 No 61010-1-04 IEC 61010-1
Immunity EN 61326 2002 (Industrial Locations)
Electrostatic Discharge EN 61000-4-2 4 kV contact 8 kV air (B) Self-Recovering
Radiated RF Immunity EN 61000-4-3 10 Vm (A) No Degradation
Electrical Fast Transient Burst EN 61000-4-4 2 kV (B) Self-Recovering
Surge Immunity EN 61000-4-5 1 kV IO 4 kV AC (B) Self-Recovering
Conducted RF Immunity EN 61000-4-6 3 V (A) No Degradation
Voltage Dips Interrupts EN 61000-4-11 (B) Self-Recovering
Emissions FCC Part 15 Class B EN 55022 1994 Class B
EnvironmentalOperating Temperature -30degC to +55degC (-22degF to 131degF)
Altitude Up to 2000 m (6560 ft)
Operating Humidity non-condensing 5 to 90 relative humidity (RH) up to 40degC decreasing
linearly to 50 RH at 55degC
Pollution POLLUTION DEGREE 2 - Normally only non-conductive pollution occasionally a
temporary conductivity caused by condensation must be expected
Indoor Use Suitable for indoor use
Outdoor Use Suitable for outdoor use when mounted inside an electrical enclosure (Hammond
Mfg Type EJ Series) that is rated NEMA 3R or 4 (IP 66)
MechanicalEnclosure High impact ABS andor ABSPC plastic
Flame Resistance Rating UL 94V-0 IEC FV-0
Size 153 mm times 85 mm times 38 mm (602 in times 335 in times 150 in)
Weight 285 gm (101 oz) 314 gm (111 oz)
Connectors Euroblock style pluggable terminal blocks
Green up to 12 AWG (25 mm2) 600 V
Black up to 12 AWG (25 mm2) 300 V
Current TransformersWattNode meters use CTs with built-in burden resistors generating 033333 Vac at rated AC cur-
rent The maximum input current rating is dependent on the CT frame size (see the tables below)
Exceeding the maximum input current rating may damage CTs but should not harm the meter
None of these CTs measure DC current and the accuracy can be degraded in the presence of DC
currents as from half-wave rectified loads The solid-core CTs are most susceptible to saturation
due to DC currents
WattNode meters should only be used with UL recognized current transformers which are avail-
able from Continental Control Systems Using non-approved transformers will invalidate the meter
UL listing The following sections list approved UL recognized current transformers
36 Specifications
Common CT SpecificationsType voltage output integral burden resistor
Output Voltage at Rated Current 033333 Vac (one-third volt)
Standard CT Wire Length 24 m (8 feet)
Optional CT Wire Length up to 30 m (100 feet)
Split-Core CTsAlso called ldquoopeningrdquo current transformers These are UL recognized under UL file numbers
E96927 or E325972 CTM-0360-xxx CTS-0750-xxx CTS-1250-xxx CTS-2000-xxx where xxx
indicates the full scale current rating between 0005 and 1500 amps
The accuracy of the split-core CTs are specified from 10 to 100 of rated AC current The
phase angle is specified at 50 of rated current (amps) Some low current split-core CTs have
unspecified phase angle errors
ModelInside
DiameterRated Amps (-xxx)
Accuracy Phase Angle
Maximum Amps
CTM-0360-xxx 030 (75 mm) 5 15 30 50 70 plusmn1 lt2deg 100
CTS-0750-xxx 075rdquo (190 mm) 5 15 30 50 plusmn1 not spec 200
CTS-0750-xxx 075rdquo (190 mm) 70 100 150 200 plusmn1 lt2deg 200
CTS-1250-xxx 125rdquo (317 mm) 70 100 plusmn1 not spec 600
CTS-1250-xxx 125rdquo (317 mm) 150 200 250 300 400 600 plusmn1 lt2deg 600
CTS-2000-xxx 200rdquo (508 mm) 600 800 1000 1200 1500 plusmn1 lt2deg 1500
Table 13 Split-core CTs
Split-Core Bus Bar CTsThese current transformers are referred to as ldquobus barrdquo CTs because they are available in larger
and custom sizes appropriate for use with bus bars or multiple large conductors These are UL
recognized under UL file number E325972 CTB-wwwXhhh-xxx where www and hhh indicate
the width and height in inches and xxx indicates the full scale current rating
The accuracy of the split-core bus bar CTs is specified from 10 to 100 of rated current The
phase angle is specified at 50 of rated current (amps)
Model OpeningRated Amps
Accuracy Phase Angle
Maximum Amps
CTB-15x35-0600 15 x 35 (381 mm x 889 mm) 600 plusmn15 lt15deg 750
CTB-40x40-0800 40 x 40 (1016 mm x 1016 mm) 800 plusmn15 lt15deg 1000
CTB-40x40-1200 40 x 40 (1016 mm x 1016mm) 1200 plusmn15 lt15deg 1500
CTB-40x40-2000 40 x 40 (1016 mm x 1016 mm) 2000 plusmn15 lt15deg 2500
CTB-45x40-3000 45 x 40 (1143 mm x 1016 mm) 3000 plusmn15 lt15deg 3750
CTB-wwwxhhh-xxxx Custom (www by hhh inches) xxxx plusmn15 lt15deg 4000
Table 14 Split-core Bus Bar CTs
Solid-Core CTsAlso called ldquotoroidrdquo or ldquodonutrdquo current transformers These are UL recognized under UL
file number E96927 CTT-0750-100N CTT-1250-400N CTT-0300-030N CTT-0500-060N
CTT-1000-200N CTT-0300-005N CTT-0300-015N CTT-0500-050N CTT-0500-030N
CTT-0500-015N CTT-0750-070N CTT-0750-050N CTT-0750-030N CTT-1000-150N
CTT-1000-100N CTT-1000-070N CTT-1000-050N CTT-1250-300N CTT-1250-250N
CTT-1250-200N CTT-1250-150N CTT-1250-100N CTT-1250-070N
Warranty 37
The accuracy of the solid-core CTs is specified from 10 to 100 of rated current The phase
angle error is specified at 50 of rated current The CT suffix xxx is the rated current The ldquoNrdquo at
the end of the part number indicates a nickel core material which is the only core material avail-
able for our solid-core CTs
ModelInside
DiameterRated Amps (-xxx)
Accuracy Phase Angle
Maximum Amps
CTT-0300-xxxN 030 (76mm) 5 15 20 30 plusmn1 lt1deg 30
CTT-0500-xxxN 050 (127mm) 15 20 30 50 60 plusmn1 lt1deg 60
CTT-0750-xxxN 075 (190mm) 30 50 70 100 plusmn1 lt1deg 100
CTT-1000-xxxN 100 (254mm) 50 70 100 150 200 plusmn1 lt1deg 200
CTT-1250-xxxN 125 (317mm) 70 100 150 200 250 300 400 plusmn1 lt1deg 400
Table 15 Solid-core CTs
WarrantyAll products sold by Continental Control Systems LLC (CCS) are guaranteed against defects in
material and workmanship for a period of five years from the original date of shipment CCSrsquos
responsibility is limited to repair replacement or refund any of which may be selected by CCS at
its sole discretion CCS reserves the right to substitute functionally equivalent new or serviceable
used parts
This warranty covers only defects arising under normal use and does not include malfunctions or
failures resulting from misuse neglect improper application improper installation water damage
acts of nature lightning product modifications alterations or repairs by anyone other than CCS
Except as set forth herein CCS makes no warranties expressed or implied and CCS disclaims and negates all other warranties including without limitation implied warranties of merchantability and fitness for a particular purpose
Limitation of LiabilityIn no event shall CCS be liable for any indirect special incidental punitive or consequen-tial damages of any kind or nature arising out of the sale or use of its products whether such liability is asserted on the basis of contract tort or otherwise including without limitation lost profits even if CCS has been advised of the possibility of such damages
Customer acknowledges that CCSrsquos aggregate liability to Customer relating to or arising out of the sale or use of CCSrsquos products whether such liability is asserted on the basis of contract tort or otherwise shall not exceed the purchase price paid by Customer for the products in respect of which damages are claimed Customer specifically acknowledges that CCSrsquos price for the products is based upon the limitations of CCSrsquos liability set forth herein
CTL Series - 125 Inch Window - 250 and 400 AmpsThe CTL revenue-grade split-core current transformers provide IEEE
C5713 class 06 accuracy with UL listing for energy management
equipment They combine the ease of installation of an opening cur-
rent transformer with the accuracy normally associated with solid-core
current transformers They are an ideal companion to the WattNodereg
Revenue meter for revenue-grade electric power metering applications
bull Very low phase angle error essential for accurate power and energy
measurements
bull IEEEANSI C5713 and IEC 60044-1 accuracy over the full tem-
perature range
bull Glove-friendly operation with one hand
SpecificationsAll specifications are for operation at 60 Hz
bull Accuracy
bull plusmn050 from 15 to 100 of rated primary current
bull plusmn075 from 1 to 15 of rated primary current
bull Phase angle
bull plusmn025 degrees (15 minutes) from 50 to 100 of rated current
bull plusmn050 degrees (30 minutes) from 5 to 50 of rated current
bull plusmn075 degrees (45 minutes) from 1 to 5 of rated current
bull Accuracy standards IEEE C5713 class 06 IEC 60044-1 class 05S
bull Primary rating 250 or 400 Amps 600 Vac 60 Hz nominal
bull Output 33333 mVac at rated current
bull Operating temperature -30degC to 55degC
bull Safe integral burden resistor no shorting block needed
bull Standard lead length 8 ft (24 m) 18 AWG
bull Approvals UL recognized CE mark RoHS
bull Assembled in USA qualified under Buy American provision in ARRA of
2009
Models Amps MSRPCTL-1250-250 Opt C06 250 $ 66
CTL-1250-400 Opt C06 400 $ 66
Revenue-Grade Accuracy
3131 Indian Road bull Boulder CO 80301 USAsalesccontrolsyscom bull wwwccontrolsyscom(888) 928-8663 bull Fax (303) 444-2903
-100
-075
-050
-025
000
025
050
075
100
01 1 10 100 200
Rea
din
g E
rro
r
Percent of Rated Primary Current
CTL-1250 Series Typical Accuracy
CTL-1250-250 Opt C06
CTL-1250-400 Opt C06
-100deg
-075deg
-050deg
-025deg
000deg
025deg
050deg
075deg
100deg
Pha
se A
ngle
Deg
rees
Percent of Rated Primary Current
CTL-1250 Series Typical Phase Error
CTL-1250-250 Opt C06
CTL-1250-400 Opt C06
01 1 10 100 200
bull Graphs show typical performance at 23degC 60 Hz
bull Graph shows a positive phase angle when the
output leads the primary current
CTL-51013 Specifications are subject to change
Patent pending
317(805)
130(330)
368(937)327
(830)
138(350)
114(289)
125(317)
Dimensions in inches(millimeters)
New
Continental Control Systems LLC
PatPatent pee
Minimum System Requirements
Software USB cableUSB bl S ft
Flexible Accurate 4-channel Analog Logger
HOBO UX120 4-Channel Analog Logger
Key Advantages
bull Twice the accuracy over previous models bull 16-bit resolutionbull Flexible support for a wide range of external sensorsbull LCD confirms logger operation and displays near real-time measurement databull Provides minimum maximum average and standard deviation logging optionsbull On-screen alarms notify you when a sensor reading exceeds set thresholdsbull Stores 19 million measurements for longer deployments between offloads
The HOBO UX120-006M Analog Logger is a high-performance LCD display data logger for building performance monitoring applications As Onsetrsquos highest-accuracy data logger it provides twice the accuracy of previous models a deployment-friendly LCD and flexible support up to four external sensors for measuring temperature current CO2 voltage and more
Supported Measurements Temperature 4-20mA AC Current AC Voltage Air Velocity Carbon Dioxide Compressed Air Flow DC Current DC Voltage Gauge Pressure Kilowatts Volatile Organic Compound (sensors sold separately)
USB cable included with software
For complete information and accessories please visit wwwonsetcompcom
Part number UX120-006M (4-Channel Analog)
Memory 19 MillionLogging Rate 1 second to 18 hours user selectableLogging Modes Normal Burst StatisticsMemory Modes Wrap when full or stop when fullTime Accuracy plusmn1 minute per month at 25degC (77degF)Battery Life 1 year typical with logging rate of 1 minute and sampling interval of 15 seconds or greater user replaceable 2 AAADimensions 108 x 541 x 254 cm (425 x 213 x 1 in)Operating Range Logging -20deg to 70degC (-4deg to 158degF) 0 to 95 RH (non-condensing)Accuracy plusmn01 mV plusmn01 of readingCE Compliant Yes
Log type J K T E R S B or N thermocouplesHOBOreg UX120 4-Channel Thermocouple Logger
Supported Measurements Temperature
Minimum System Requirements
Software USB cableUSB bl S ft
For complete information and accessories please visit wwwonsetcompcom
Part number UX120-014M (Thermocouple)
Internal TemperatureRange -20deg to 70degC (-4deg to 158degF)Accuracy plusmn021degC from 0deg to 50degC (plusmn038degF from 32deg to 122degF)Resolution 0024degC at 25degC (004degF at 77degF)Drift lt01degC (018degF) per year
LoggerLogging Rate 1 second to 18 hours 12 minutes 15 secondsLogging Modes Normal Burst StatisticsMemory Modes Wrap when full or stop when fullTime Accuracy plusmn1 minute per month at 25degC (77degF)Battery Life 1 year typical with logging rate of 1 minute and sampling interval of 15 seconds or greater user replaceable 2 AAADimensions 108 x 541 x 254 cm (425 x 213 x 1 in)Operating Range Logging -20deg to 70degC (-4deg to 158degF) 0 to 95 RH (non-condensing)CE Compliant Yes
Thermocouple Range Accuracy Resolution(probes sold separately) Type J -210deg to 760degC (-346deg to 1400degF) plusmn06degC (plusmn108degF) plusmn thermocouple probe accuracy 003degC (006degF)Type K -260deg to 1370degC (-436deg to 2498degF) plusmn07degC (plusmn126degF) plusmn thermocouple probe accuracy 004degC (007degF)Type T -260deg to 400degC (-436deg to 752degF) plusmn06degC (plusmn108degF) plusmn thermocouple probe accuracy 002degC (003degF)Type E -260deg to 950degC (-436deg to 1742degF) plusmn06degC (plusmn108degF) plusmn thermocouple probe accuracy 003degC at (005degF)Type R -50deg to 1550degC (-58deg to 2822degF) plusmn22degC (plusmn396degF) plusmn thermocouple probe accuracy 008degC (015degF)Type S -50deg to 1720degC (-58deg to 3128degF) plusmn22degC (plusmn396degF) plusmn thermocouple probe accuracy 008degC (015degF)Type B +60deg to 1820degC (1022deg to 3308degF) plusmn25degC (plusmn45degF) plusmn thermocouple probe accuracy 01degC (018F)Type N -260deg to 1300degC (-436deg to 2372degF) plusmn10degC (plusmn18degF) plusmn thermocouple probe accuracy 006degC (011degF)
USB cable included with software
Key Advantages
bull Easy-to-view LCD display confirms logger operation and battery statusbull Near real-time readout of current temperatures as well as minimum maximum average and standard deviation statisticsbull On-screen alarms notify you if temperatures exceed high or low thresholdsbull Large memory capacity capable of storing 19 million measurementsbull Start stop and restart pushbuttonsbull User-upgradeable firmware
The HOBO UX120 Thermocouple Logger is a four-channel LCD data logger for measuring and recording temperature in a range of monitoring applications The logger makes it easy and convenient to record temperatures over a broad range (-260 to 1820deg C) and can accept up to four J K T E R S B or N type probes In addition to accepting four thermocouple probes the logger features an internal temperature sensor for logging ambient temperatures further extending the application possibilities
Log pulse signals events state changes and runtimesHOBOreg UX120 Pulse Logger
Key Advantages
bull Simultaneously measures and records pulse signals events state changes and runtimesbull Stores over 4 million measurements enabling longer deployments with fewer site visitsbull Streamlines deployment via range of startstop options logger status LEDs and high-speed USB 20 data offloadbull Works with Onsetrsquos E50B2 Power amp Energy Meter to measure Power Factor Reactive Power Watt Hours and more
The HOBO UX120 4-Channel Pulse data logger is a highly versatile 4-channel energy data logger that combines the functionality of four separate energy loggers into one compact unit It enables energy management professionals ndash from energy auditors to building commissioners ndash to easily track building energy consumption equipment runtimes and water and gas flow rates
Supported Measurements Pulse Signals Event Runtime State AC Current AC Voltage Amp Hour Kilowatt Hours Kilowatts Motor OnOff Power Factor Volt-Amps Watt Hours Watts Volt-Amp Reactive Volt-Amp Reactive Hour
Minimum System Requirements
Software USB cable SensorUSB bl S ft S
Part number UX120-017 UX120-017M
Memory 520000 measurements 4000000 measurementsSampling rate 1 second to 18 hoursBattery life 1 year typical user replaceable 2 AAExternal contact Input Electronic solid state switch closure or logic driven digital signals to 24VMax pulse frequency 120 HzMax state event runtime frequency 1 Hz
Resolution Pulse 1 pulse Runtime 1 second State and Event 1 state or eventBits 4 - 32 bits depending on pulse rate and logging intervalLockout time 0 to 1 second in 100 ms stepsOperating temperature range Logging -40ordm to 70ordmC (-40ordm to 158ordmF) 0 to 95 RH (non-condensing)
Dimensions 114 x 63 x 33 cm (45 x 25 x 13 inches)CE compliant Yes
USB cable included with software
For complete information and accessories please visit wwwonsetcompcom
Copyrightcopy 2013 Onset Computer Corporation All rights reserved Onset HOBO HOBOware are registered trademarks of Onset Computer Corporation Other products and brand names may be trademarks or registered trademarks of their respective owners Patented technology (US Patent 6826664) MKT1049-0813
Technical Support (8am to 8pm ET Monday through Friday) wwwonsetcompcomsupportcontact Call 1-877-564-4377
Contact Us Sales (8am to 5pm ET Monday through Friday) Email salesonsetcompcom Call 1-800-564-4377 Fax 1-508-759-9100
HOBOreg 4-Channel Pulse Input Data Logger (UX120-017x) Manual
14638-E
The HOBO 4-Channel Pulse Input data logger records electronic pulses and mechanical or electrical contact closures from external sensing devices Using HOBOwarereg you can easily configure each of its four channels to monitor and record pulse event state or runtime data in a wide variety of applications including tracking building energy consumption monitoring mechanical equipment and recording water and gas flow rates Plus when combined with the E50B2 Energy amp Power Meter (T-VER-E50B2) this logger provides extensive power and energy monitoring capabilities There are two models of the HOBO 4-Channel Pulse Input data logger the UX120-017 stores more than 500000 measurements while the UX120-017M holds more than 4000000 measurements
Specifications Inputs
External Contact Input Electronic solid state switch closure or logic driven digital signals to 24 V
Maximum Pulse Frequency 120 Hz
Maximum State Event Runtime Frequency
1 Hz
Bits 4ndash32 bits depending on pulse rate and logging interval
Maximum Pulses Per Interval
7863960 (using maximum logging rate)
Driven Logic Signal Input Low 04 V Input High 3 to 24 V
Absolute Maximum Rating Maximum Voltage 25 V DC Minimum Voltage -03 V DC
Solid State Switch Closure Input Low lt 10 K Input High gt 500 K
Internal Weak Pull-Up 100 K
Input Impedance Solid state switch closure 100 K pull up Driven signal 45 K
Minimum Pulse Width Contact closure duration 500 uS Driven logic signal 100 uS
Lockout Time 0 to 1 second in 100 ms steps
Edge Detection Falling edge Schmitt Trigger buffer
Preferred Switch State Normally open or Logic ldquo1rdquo state
Logging
Resolution Pulse 1 pulse Runtime 1 second State and Event 1 State or Event
Logging Rate 1 second to 18 hours 12 minutes 15 seconds
Time Accuracy plusmn1 minute per month at 25degC (77degF) (see Plot A on next page)
Battery Life 1 year typical with logging intervals greater than 1 minute and normally open contacts
Battery Type Two AA alkaline or lithium batteries
Memory
Memory UX120-017 520192 measurements (assumes 8-bit) UX120-017M 4124672 measurements (assumes 8-bit)
Download Type USB 20 interface
Download Time 30 seconds for UX120-017 15 minutes for UX120-017M
Physical
Operating Range Logging -40deg to 70degC (-40deg to 158degF) 0 to 95 RH (non-condensing) LaunchReadout 0deg to 50degC (32deg to 122degF) per USB specification
Weight 149 g (526 oz)
Size 114 x 63 x 33 cm (45 x 25 x 13 inches)
Environmental Rating IP50
The CE Marking identifies this product as complying with all relevant directives in the European Union (EU)
HOBO 4-Channel Pulse Input Data Logger
Models UX120-017 UX120-017M
Included Items bull 4 Mounting screws bull 2 Magnets bull Hook amp loop tape bull 4 Terminal block connectors
Required Items bull HOBOware Pro 32 or later bull USB cable (included with
software)
Accessories bull Additional terminal blocks
(A-UX120-TERM-BLOCK) bull Lithium batteries (HWSB-LI)
Additional sensors and accessories available at wwwonsetcompcom
HOBO 4-Channel Pulse Input Data Logger Manual
1-800-LOGGERS 2 wwwonsetcompcom
Specifications (continued)
Plot A Time Accuracy
Logger Components and Operation
StartStop Button Press this button for 3 seconds to start or stop logging data This requires configuring the logger in HOBOware with a Button Start andor a Button Stop (see Setting up the Logger) You can also press this button for 1 second to record an internal event (see Recording Internal Logger Events)
LEDs There are three types of LEDs on the logger to indicate logger operation Logging Waiting and Activity Note that all LEDs will blink when the logger is initially powered (ie when the batteries are installed)
LED Description Logging (green)
Blinks every 2 seconds when the logger is recording data Disable this LED by selecting the Turn Off LEDs option in HOBOware
Waiting (orange)
Blinks every 2 seconds when awaiting a start because the logger was configured with Start At Interval Delayed Start or Button Start settings in HOBOware
Activity (red)
There is one Activity LED per input channel Press the Test button to activate all four Activity LEDs for 10 minutes to determine the state of the four input channels When the logger is recording data the Activity LED for the corresponding channel will blink at every pulse signal Note If you press the Test button during logging then the Activity LED will remain illuminated for any channel that has not been configured to record data
Inputs There are 4 input channels to connect the logger to external sensorsdevices
Terminal Blocks There are 4 terminal blocks included with the logger to plug into the inputs for connecting devices
Test Button Press this button to activate the Activity Lights for 10 minutes to test for contact resistance or voltage signal in any of the four input channels (see the LED table)
Mounting Holes There are four mounting holes two on each side that you can use to mount the logger to a surface (see Mounting the Logger)
USB Port This is the port used to connect the logger to the computer or the HOBO U-Shuttle via USB cable (see Setting up the Logger and Reading Out the Logger)
Setting Up the Logger Use HOBOware Pro to set up the logger including selecting the start and stop logging options configuring the input channels for specific sensor types and entering scaling factors It may be helpful to set up the logger with a Delayed Start or a Button Start first and then bring it to the location where you will mount it to connect the external sensorsdevices and test the connections before logging begins
1 Connect the logger and open the Launch window To connect the logger to a computer plug the small end of the USB cable into the side of the logger and the large end into a USB port on the computer Click the Launch icon on the HOBOware toolbar or select Launch from the Device menu
Important USB specifications do not guarantee operation outside this range of 0degC (32degF) to 50degC (122degF)
2 Select Sensor Type Each of the input channels can be configured to log the following
bull Pulse This records the number of pulse signals per logging interval (the logger records a pulse signal when the input transitions to the logic low) There are built-in scaling factors you can select for supported devices and sensors or you can set your own scaling when you select raw pulse counts You can also adjust the maximum pulse frequency and lockout time as necessary
bull State This records how long an event lasts by storing the date and time when the state of the signal or switch changes (logic state high to low or low to high) The logger checks every second for a state change but will only record a time-stamped value when the state change occurs One state change to the next represents the event duration
bull Event This records the date and time when a connected relay switch or logic low transition occurs (the logger records an event when the input transitions to the logic low) This is useful if you need to know when an event occurred but do not need to know the duration of the event You can also adjust the lockout time to debounce switches
bull Runtime This records the number of state changes that happen over a period of time The logger checks the state of the line once a second At the end of each logging
LEDs StartStop Button
USB Port
Inputs
One of Four Terminal Blocks Test Button Mounting Holes
HOBO 4-Channel Pulse Input Data Logger Manual
1-800-LOGGERS 3 wwwonsetcompcom
interval the logger records how many seconds the line was in the logic low state
3 Choose the logging interval from 1 second to a maximum of 18 hours 12 minutes and 15 seconds (available for Pulse or Runtime logging only)
4 Choose when to start logging
bull Now Logging begins immediately
bull At Interval Logging will begin at the next even interval
bull Push Button Logging will begin once you press the StartStop logging button for 3 seconds
bull On DateTime Logging will begin at a date and time you specify
5 Choose when to stop logging
bull When Memory Fills Logging will end once the logger memory is full
bull Never (wrapping) The logger will record data indefinitely with newest data overwriting the oldest
bull Push Button Logging will end once you press the StartStop logging button for 3 seconds Note If you also configured a Push Button start then you must wait 5 minutes after logging begins before you can use the button to stop logging
bull Specific Stop Date Logging will end at a date and time you specify
6 Select any other logging options as desired and finish the launch configuration Depending on the start type verify that the logging or waiting LED is blinking
Connecting Sensors Transducers or Instruments to the Logger You can connect the logger to an external sensing device using the four input channels To connect a device to the logger
1 Follow the instructions and wiring diagrams in the user manual for the device
2 Connect the device to the terminal block as directed in the device instructions
3 Plug in the terminal block into one of the four inputs (labeled 1 through 4)
4 Press the Test button as needed to activate the Activity LEDs and check whether the logger reads the pulse signal
5 Configure logger launch settings if you have not already
Notes
bull Be sure that all devices are connected before logging begins Any sensorsdevices attached after logging begins will not record accurate data
bull If connecting an E50B2 Energy amp Power Meter (T-VER-E50B2) you have the option to use the default meter settings or your own custom settings
bull If any channels have been configured to record raw pulse counts or events in HOBOware there is also an option to specify lockout time This can prevent false readings from mechanical contactclosure bouncing For more information on setting lockout time see the HOBOware Help
Determining Logging Duration for EventState Data The loggerrsquos storage capacity and logging duration varies depending on several factors including logging interval number of channels configured and the type of data being recorded This table estimates the logging duration based on recording event or state changes on one input channel with logging set to stop when the memory is full To estimate logging duration for multiple event or state channels divide the logging duration by the number of active channels If you want to know exactly how long the logger will run use pulse or runtime modes
Time Between Events
Approximate Total Data Points
Approximate Logging Duration (1 Year Battery Life)
Logger Part Number
1 to 15 seconds
346795 4 to 60 days UX120-017
2749781 32 days to 13 years UX120-017M
16 seconds to 42 minutes
260096 48 days to 21 years UX120-017
2062336 1 to 166 years UX120-017M
43 to 682 minutes
208077 16 to 27 years UX120-017
1649869 13 to 214 years UX120-017M
683 minutes to 182 hours
173397 225 to 360 years UX120-017
1374891 178 to 285 decades UX120-017M
Notes
bull Typical battery life is 1 year
bull The logger can record battery voltage data in an additional channel This is disabled by default Recording battery voltage reduces storage capacity and is generally not used except for troubleshooting
Setting Maximum Pulse Frequency When recording raw pulse counts the logger dynamically adjusts its memory usage from 4 to 32 bits instead of a typical fixed width This results in the ability to store more data using less space which in turn extends logging duration The default pulse rate is 120 Hz which is also the maximum You can adjust this rate in HOBOware (see the HOBOware Help for details) Decreasing the rate will increase logging duration The following table shows examples of how pulse rate and logging interval affect logging duration
Logging Interval
Pulse Rate (Hz)
Number of Bits Required
Approximate Total Data Points
Approximate Logging Duration
1 minute 4 8 520192 361 days
1 minute 50 12 346795 240 days
1 minute 120 16 260096 180 days
Reading Out the Logger There are two options for reading out the logger connect it to the computer with a USB cable and read out it with HOBOware or connect it to a HOBO U-Shuttle (U-DT-1 firmware version 114m030 or higher) and then offload the datafiles from the
HOBO 4-Channel Pulse Input Data Logger Manual
1-800-LOGGERS (564-4377) bull 508-759-9500 wwwonsetcompcom bull loggerhelponsetcompcom
copy 2011ndash2013 Onset Computer Corporation All rights reserved Onset HOBO and HOBOware are trademarks or registered trademarks of Onset Computer Corporation All other trademarks are the property of their respective companies
14638-E
U-Shuttle to HOBOware Refer to the HOBOware Help for more details
Recording Internal Logger Events The logger records several internal events to help track logger operation and status These events which are unrelated to state and event logging include the following
Internal Event Name Definition
Host Connected The logger was connected to the computer
Started The StartStop button was pressed to begin logging
Stopped The logger received a command to stop recording data (from HOBOware or by pushing the StartStop button)
Button UpButton Down
The StartStop button was pressed for 1 second
Safe Shutdown The battery level is 18 V the logger shut down
Mounting the Logger There are three ways to mount the logger using the materials included
bull Screw the logger to a surface with a Phillips-head screwdriver and the four mounting screws using the following dimensions
bull Attach the two magnets to the back of the logger and
then place the logger on a magnetic surface
bull Use the hook-and-loop tape to affix the logger to a surface
Protecting the Logger The logger is designed for indoor use and can be permanently damaged by corrosion if it gets wet Protect it from condensation If it gets wet remove the battery immediately and dry the circuit board It is possible to dry the logger with a hair dryer before reinstalling the battery Do not let the board get too hot You should be able to comfortably hold the board in your hand while drying it
Note Static electricity may cause the logger to stop logging The logger has been tested to 4 KV but avoid electrostatic
discharge by grounding yourself to protect the logger For more information search for ldquostatic dischargerdquo in the FAQ section on onsetcompcom
Battery Information The logger is shipped with two AA alkaline batteries You can also use 15 V AA lithium batteries when deploying the logger in cold environments Expected battery life varies based on the temperature where the logger is deployed and the frequency (the logging interval and the rate of state changes andor events) at which the logger is recording data A new battery typically lasts one year with logging intervals greater than one minute and when the input signals are normally open or in the high logic state Deployments in extremely cold or hot temperatures logging intervals faster than one minute or continuously closed contacts may reduce battery life The logger can also be powered through the USB cable connected to the computer This allows you to read out the logger when the remaining battery voltage is too low for it to continue logging Connect the logger to the computer click the Readout button on the toolbar and save the data as prompted Replace the batteries before launching the logger again To replace the batteries
1 Disconnect the logger from the computer
2 Unscrew the logger case using a Philips-head screwdriver
3 Carefully remove the two batteries
4 Insert two new AA batteries (alkaline or lithium) observing polarity When batteries are inserted correctly all LEDs blink briefly
5 Carefully realign the logger case and re-fasten the screws
WARNING Do not cut open incinerate heat above 85degC (185degF) or recharge the lithium batteries The batteries may explode if the logger is exposed to extreme heat or conditions that could damage or destroy the battery cases Do not dispose of the logger or batteries in fire Do not expose the contents of the batteries to water Dispose of the batteries according to local regulations for lithium batteries
HOBOware provides the option of recording the current battery voltage at each logging interval which is disabled by default Recording battery life at each logging interval takes up memory and therefore reduces logging duration It is recommended you only record battery voltage for diagnostic purposes
457 cm (18 inches)
1016 cm (4 inches)
The Bertreg 110 M
Plug Load Management with Measurement
If yoursquore like most facility managers you suspect that there are large potential savings from plug based loads Unfortunately you lack an easy way to document actual energy usage and savings The Bertreg Plug Load Management System with measurement‐enabled Bertreg 110M units is a brilliant solution
Measure energy use with Bertrsquos real‐time measurement features
Analyze energy use establishing optimal schedules and documenting savings
Control plug based devices throughout your facility
The Plug Load Problem
Studies show that plug based load is a large and growing source of energy use‐ estimated at 20 of energy use for offices and 25 of electricity for schools Yet many schools offices and retail locations are closed for nearly as many hours per year as they are open Bertreg provides the simple sophisticated tools to turn equipment on when buildings are occupied and off when theyrsquore not
How Bertreg Works
Each Bertreg contains a microprocessor that can communicate with the Bertbrain 1000 control software across your wireless network Bertreg can store 7‐day onoff schedules with multiple onoff commands each day This allows you to set schedules that mirror the actual operating hours of your facility and easily modify schedules throughout the year
Measure Analyze and Control
The Bertreg 110M features an energy
measurement chip that monitors the amount of
power flowing through the plug and reports this
information back to the Bertbrain 1000M
software program The measurement feature
allows you to know the actual energy
consumption of your equipment as used in your
facility rather than rely on estimates from
manufacturer spec sheets or industry studies
Load Shedding
Many utilities offer demand management or load shedding programs While you may already
have programs to reduce larger centralized loads such as air conditioning you never had a cost
effective way to add smaller distributed loads until now The Bertreg plug load management
systems makes controlling distributed loads both simple and cost effective Just hook your
water heaters air conditioners and vending machines up to Bert Using our Bertbrain
application you can set up a load shedding group and schedule Now when you have a load
shedding event with the click of a mouse you can easily turn off some or all of your plug load
devices Schedules can be created by groups of devices or type of building you can even cycle
specific buildings or devices for a preset time
ASHRAE 901 and California Title 24 Code Compliance
Since Bertreg provides both measurement and control capabilities in one system the Bertreg Plug
Load Management System helps commercial buildings comply with changes in the CA Title 24
2013 and the ASHRAE 901 2010 and 2013 Energy Codes Did you know the 2010 ASHRAE Code
requires Automatic Receptacle Control for 50 of a buildings receptacles The 2013 ASHRAE
Code requires Electrical Energy Monitoring meaning the receptacle circuits power must be
recorded at least every 15 minutes and reported hourly daily and monthly Similar
requirements are also included in the California Title 24 2013 section titled Electrical Power
Distribution Systems Not only do these code changes apply to new buildings and additions
but alterations to existing buildings such as changing 10 or your lighting load Whether you
are trying to control individual outlets with the Bertreg Smart Plugs or entire circuits with the
Bertreg Inline Series Bert makes ASHRAE 901 and CA Title 24 code compliance both affordable
and efficient
The Bertreg Advantage
Bertreg has many advantages over products such as timers or occupancy sensors Most timers
only hold a single schedule Bertreg can use multiple onoff times that will accurately reflect your
facilityrsquos true operational hours When holidays or summer breaks dictate schedule changes
new schedules are sent to Bertreg with the click of a mouse Since Bertreg is on your network Bertreg
does not have to be reset manually like timers after a power outage Occupancy sensors may
turn vending machines on when your building is unoccupied Your drinks donrsquot need to be
chilled when the cleaning crew or security guard walks by your vending machine at night
Thanks to the simple mass remote control with Bertreg your plug loads can easily be part of a
load shedding or demand curtailment program
The Bertreg Plug Load Management System
The Bertreg Plug Load Management System consists of the Bertbrain 1000 software application
your Wi‐Fi network and a virtually unlimited number of Bertsreg By simply plugging water
coolers coffee machines printers copiers etc into the Bertreg Smart Plug Series (Bertreg 110
Bertreg 110M and Bertreg Vend) or wiring circuits with the Bertreg Inline Series (Bertreg 110I Bertreg
110IR and Bertreg 220I) you can remotely measure analyze and control all of your receptacles
and circuits Bertreg runs on the existing Wi‐Fi network so all devices can be remotely controlled
in mass Each building can have a unique schedule thus turning equipment off during nights
weekends and holidays when buildings are unoccupied The Bertreg Plug Load Management
System installs quickly so energy savings are immediate and payback is 1 to 2 years
Learn more about how K‐12 schools colleges offices hospitals statelocal governments and
retailers are managing plug load with the Bertreg Plug Load Management System by visiting
httpwwwbertbraincom
Measure ‐ Analyze ‐ Control
Best Energy Reduction Technologies 840 First Avenue King of Prussia PA 19406 484‐690‐3820
Bertreg 110M Specifications (CONFIDENTIAL ndash Property of Best Energy Reduction Technologies LLC)
BERT110M_Specs 10-3-13 copy2013 Best Energy Reduction Technologies LLC
Feature Description
Dimensions 35rdquo W x 35rdquo H x 20rdquo D Weight 42 oz Operating Voltage 110 Volts Max Load Current Up to 15A Load Outlets 1 Load Plug Orientation In line with outlet
Push Button Hold 6 Seconds Turns ON Relay Hold 15 Seconds for Ad-Hoc Mode
Measurement Accuracy 5 up to 15 Amps Measurement Display Amps Volts and Watts Every 16 Seconds
Measurement Storage Up to 14 Days on the Unit Up to 3 Years in the Database
Measurement Reporting Hourly Daily Weekly Monthly and Yearly Operating Environment Indoor use
HardwareSoftware 1-Windows PC with Wireless 2-Windows 7 8 or Vista
Communication 80211(Wi-Fi) bg Compatible Protocol UDP Security 80211(WPAWPA2-PSK) (WEP 128) Certifications UL 916 ROHS FCC
PGampErsquos Emerging Technologies Program ET13PGE1063
APPENDIX D ndash ENERGY USE MONITORING RESULTS
All High-Efficacy Lighting Design for the Residential Sector Appendix D Monitored Energy Use Results
Wathen Castanos 1622
Daily load profiles for the lighting loads at the Wathen Castanos 1622 demonstration home are provided below In addition cumulative results over the course of the monitoring period are included Gaps in data are due to network errors Days with missing data were dropped from the analysis resulting in 157 days of monitored energy use spanning November 19 2014 to May 25 2015
The lighting energy use averages 300 kWh per day Extrapolating this average for an assumed usage of 365 days per year results in a calculated annual energy use of 1096 kWh
Figure 1 Total Energy Use for Wathen Castanos 1622 Demonstration Home
000
050
100
150
200
250
300
350
400
450
500
111
920
1411
24
2014
112
920
1412
42
014
129
201
412
27
2014
11
2015
16
2015
111
201
51
162
015
128
201
52
220
152
720
152
122
015
217
201
52
222
015
227
201
53
420
153
920
153
142
015
319
201
53
242
015
329
201
54
320
154
820
154
132
015
418
201
54
232
015
428
201
55
320
155
820
155
132
015
518
201
55
232
015
Daily Lighting Energy Use (kWh)
Figure 2 Weekly Energy Use for Wathen Castanos 1622 Demonstration Home
Figure 3 Energy Use for Mondays
Figure 4 Energy Use of Tuesdays
Figure 5 Energy Use of Wednesdays
Figure 6 Energy Use of Thursdays
Figure 7 Energy Use of Fridays
Figure 8 Energy Use of Saturdays
Figure 9 Energy Use of Sundays
Figure 10 Daily Energy Use over Monitoring Period
NorthWest Homes 2205
Daily lighting load profiles at the NorthWest Homes 2205 demonstration home are provided below In addition cumulative results over the course of the monitoring period are included for the 176 days monitored spanning October 29 2014 to April 20 2015
The lighting energy use averages 124 kWh per day Extrapolating this average for an assumed usage of 365 days per year results in a calculated annual energy use of 4509 kWh
Figure 11 Total Energy Use for NorthWest Homes 2205 Demonstration Home
000
050
100
150
200
250
102
920
1411
32
014
118
201
411
13
2014
111
820
1411
23
2014
112
820
1412
32
014
128
201
412
13
2014
121
820
1412
23
2014
122
820
141
220
151
720
151
122
015
117
201
51
222
015
127
201
52
120
152
620
152
112
015
216
201
52
212
015
226
201
53
320
153
820
153
132
015
318
201
53
232
015
328
201
54
220
154
720
154
122
015
417
201
5
Daily Lighting Energy Use (kWh)
Figure 12 Weekly Cumulative Energy Use for NorthWest Homes 2205 Demonstration Home
Figure 13 Energy Use for Mondays
Figure 14 Energy Use of Tuesdays
Figure 15 Energy Use of Wednesdays
Figure 16 Energy Use of Thursdays
Figure 17 Energy Use of Fridays
Figure 18 Energy Use of Saturdays
Figure 19 Energy Use of Sundays
Figure 20 Energy Use per Day over Monitoring Period Duration
Meritage Homes 3085
Daily load profiles for the ceiling fan and lighting loads at the Meritage 3085 demonstration home are provided below During post-data collection one receptacle was identified as being on the lighting circuit This is included in the 75 days of monitored energy use below spanning January 31 2015 to April 15 2015
The monitored energy use averages 356 kWh per day Extrapolating this average for an assumed usage of 365 days per year results in a calculated annual lighting related energy use of 1300 kWh
Figure 21 Total Energy Use for Meritage 3085 Demonstration Home
0
1
2
3
4
5
6
Daily Lighting Energy Use (kWh)
Figure 22 Weekly Cumulative Energy Use for Meritage 3085 Demonstration Home
Figure 23 Energy Use for Mondays
Figure 24 Energy Use of Tuesdays
Figure 25 Energy Use of Wednesdays
Figure 26 Energy Use of Thursdays
Figure 27 Energy Use of Fridays
Figure 28 Energy Use of Saturdays
Figure 29 Energy Use of Sundays
Figure 30 Energy Use per Day over Monitoring Period Duration
PGampErsquos Emerging Technologies Program ET13PGE1063
EXECUTIVE SUMMARY Current Title 24 Building code requirements call for use of high-efficacy lighting in a limited number of residential space types Builders are allowed to install low efficacy lighting if they also install dimming controls However significant load reduction and energy savings over current code-compliant designs can be achieved through the use of All High-Efficacy (AHE) lighting design practices Currently AHE lighting design practice utilizes application appropriate controls paired with high-quality dimmable light emitting diode (LED) luminaires or GU-24 socketed fixtures paired with GU-24 base LED replacement lamps By current code definition GU-24 base lamps are the only replacement lamps considered high-efficacy while traditional Edison screw-base sockets are considered low-efficacy In addition to limiting the source type to LED only AHE lighting requires a minimum quality standard for interior LED sources requiring a CRI rating of at least 90 and a CCT between 2700 K and 4000 K
PROJECT GOAL This effort identifies best practices for developing a cost-effective AHE residential lighting measure through the evaluation of emerging residential lighting design practices purchasing processes installation practices and the end-user experience associated with AHE lighting To identify the best practices the project team considered current residential lighting products the installed socket base in a typical home industry accepted illuminance recommendations for residential applications and current energy efficiency code compliant design practices
PROJECT DESCRIPTION Emerging residential lighting design practices purchasing processes installation practices and the end-user experience of an AHE lighting system were evaluated through energy monitoring analysis and cost information collected from multiple residential demonstration sites Demonstration data provided a quantitative understanding of the AHE lighting system benefits and barriers and through builder and homeowner surveys a qualitative understanding of the AHE residential lighting measure and user satisfaction
PROJECT RESULTS The California Lighting Technology Center (CLTC) worked with residential home builders to modify their existing lighting designs to include all AHE lighting Based on these lighting designs the estimated residential lighting load reduction achieved by installing AHE lighting packages in new single- and multi-family homes located in PGampE territory is 0 - 61 in comparison to 2008 Title 24 compliant lighting packages provided by participating builders for the same floor plan This ET study started prior to the effective date of the 2013 Title 24 code cycle so this comparison was based on the 2008 Title 24 code In 2010 an average US residence used 1556 kWh annually for lighting with a typical lighting power density of 10 to 14 Watts per square foot A summary of energy use data collected from demonstration sites with AHE lighting systems is provided in Table 1
1
PGampErsquos Emerging Technologies Program ET13PGE1063
TABLE 1 SUMMARY LIGHTING ENERGY USE OF AHE LIGHTING SYSTEMS
Site Livable Square
Footage
Lighting Schedule
Calculated Peak Load (kW)
Measured Peak Lighting Load
(kW)
Lighting Power Density
(LPD)
Calculated Annual Lighting Energy Use
(kWh)
Wathen Castanos 1622 059 046 028 10960
North West Homes 2205 071 062 028 4509
Meritage Homes 3085 112 111 036 13004
The material costs of AHE lighting systems compared to current code compliant lighting systems varied based on residential applications For example the cost of an integrated downlight with housing and trim ring that meets the AHE lighting definition is approximately $36 per unit as compared to the estimated baseline cost of $70 for a compact fluorescent lamp ballast housing and trim ring Both scenarios require equivalent installation costs In addition the cost of AHE lighting components reduced over the course of this project with integrated LED downlights that meet the AHE lighting definition ranging in price from $25 to $50 and LED replacement lamps that meet the AHE lighting definition ranging from $7 to $25 as of the time of this report Builder and homeowner survey results were collected from all three demonstration sites Builder survey results make clear that cost and code requirements are the primary drivers considered during the lighting design process Builder responses note that utility rebate and incentive programs are influential in the lighting design decision making process but less so than Title 24 requirements Compared to other building systems most builders reported lighting as having less than 1 impact on the overall home budget Builders do not anticipate issues regarding end-user adoption of dedicated LED luminaires based on their ldquohigh quality performance and longevity claimsrdquo but do make clear that it is ldquosomewhat difficultrdquo to find Title 24-compliant products for GU-24 integrated LED luminaires quick connect options and track lighting categories in todayrsquos market The majority of the homeowner survey results indicate that the AHE lighting system is either ldquobetterrdquo or ldquothe samerdquo as compared to the lighting in their previous home which was a mixture of linear fluorescent incandescent and compact fluorescent lighting technologies The majority of homeowners were ldquosatisfiedrdquo with the AHE lighting in the kitchen bathroom common living spaces bedrooms and dining room as compared to their previous home Steps were taken to update the lighting to address the ldquoextreme dissatisfactionrdquo with the garage lighting at one demonstration site
PROJECT RECOMMENDATIONS Over the duration of the project the project team identified product availability and cost barriers to the adoption of AHE lighting for residential applications Participating builders unanimously responsed that challenges for builders to be compliant with AHE lighting requirements include the economics associated with AHE lighting products and the limited availability of AHE lighting products that can be quickly purchased at a hardware store For the AHE lighting designs implemented in this study two of the three AHE lighting designs exceeded the typical lighting budget for the builders
2
PGampErsquos Emerging Technologies Program ET13PGE1063
Programmatic recommendations to overcome these barriers if enacted will help increase widespread adoption of AHE systems Lighting systems that comply with the AHE definition range in performance and cost These ranges are predominantly linked to the lighting systemrsquos electrical architecture affecting controls compatibility heat transfer and allowable installation locations system efficiency light quality light output and component cost With recent developments in LED technology and electrical architecture Edison-based replacement lamp performance has improved and cost has reduced dramatically
In addition to fixture integrated and GU-24 socket LED lighting solutions it is recommended that the AHE definition include lighting fixtures installed with Edison sockets and shipped with an Edison base source complying with the high-efficacy high-quality requirements If enacted the increased product availability and reduced cost of the Edison-based LED lamps meeting the high-efficacy high-quality requirements will help overcome barriers to the adoption of AHE lighting for residential applications
INTRODUCTION Current California building energy efficiency standards call for use of high-efficacy lighting in most residential space types however additional load reduction and energy savings can be achieved through the use of an All High-Efficacy (AHE) lighting design practice
Currently AHE lighting design practice utilizes application appropriate controls paired with dimmable high-quality high efficacy light emitting diode (LED) luminaires or high-quality high efficacy GU-24 fixtures paired with GU-24 base LED replacement lamps By current code definition GU-24 base lamps are the only replacement lamps considered high-efficacy while traditional Edison screw-base sockets are considered low-efficacy In addition to limiting the source type to LED only AHE lighting requires a minimum quality standard for interior LED sources requiring a CRI of at least 90 and a CCT between 2700 K and 4000 K Future cycles of standards are expected to continue to increase the requirements for high-efficacy lighting The California Energy Commission recently adopted a residential AHE lighting requirement for the 2016 Title 24 update on June 10 2015 In response to increased development and availability of residential AHE lighting products and their potential for energy savings and lighting quality improvement over current code-compliant lighting systems PGampE is interested in gathering data to inform future changes to building and appliance efficiency standards To achieve this goal verification of market availability lighting load reduction energy savings and system performance is needed to support the residential AHE lighting design practice
BACKGROUND CURRENT BUILDING CODE
The California Energy Commission (Commission) estimates its energy efficiency standards have saved Californians over $74 billion in electricity costs since they were first adopted in
3
PGampErsquos Emerging Technologies Program ET13PGE1063
1975 For homeowners energy efficiency helps ensure that a home is affordable to operate both now and in the future Californiarsquos efficiency standards increase the reliability and availability of electricity thus allowing our electrical system to operate in a more stable manner This benefits Californiarsquos economy as well as the health and well-being of all Californians The Commission adopted the 2013 Building Energy Efficiency Standards (Title 24) on May 31 2012 and the Building Standards Commission approved them for publication on January 11 2013 Applications for building permits submitted on or after July 1 2014 must adhere to the 2013 Title 24 language The 2013 Title 24 standards place a strong emphasis on high-efficacy lighting lighting controls and high performance fenestration products It is expected that future code cycles will continue this trend In order to be considered high-efficacy luminaires must be designed to operate with only energy-efficient light sources GU-24 base lamps are the only replacement lamps considered high-efficacy by definition traditional Edison screw-base sockets are considered low-efficacy Per 2013 Title 24 luminaires and lamps listed in Table 2 are considered either high-efficacy or low-efficacy regardless of measured performance
TABLE 2 HIGH-EFFICACY AND LOW-EFFICACY LAMPS AND LUMINAIRES
Low-efficacy High-efficacy
Mercury vapor lamps Pin-based linear fluorescent or CFLs with electronic ballasts
Line-voltage or low-voltage sockets compatible with any kind of incandescent lamps
Pulse-start metal halide lamps
High-efficacy lamps including screw-base CFLs and LED lamps installed in low-efficacy luminaires
High-pressure sodium lamps
Luminaires using LED light sources not certified to the Commission Induction lamps
Track lighting GU-24 sockets rated for CFLs or LED lamps Lighting systems that allow for conversion between high-efficacy and low-efficacy lighting without changing wiring or housing
Luminaires using LED light sources that have been certified to the Energy Commission
Luminaire housings rated by the manufacturer for use with only LED light engines
4
PGampErsquos Emerging Technologies Program ET13PGE1063
Permanently installed luminaires not included in Table 1 may only be considered high-efficacy if they meet the efficacy requirements of Table 3
TABLE 3 MINIMUM LUMINAIRE EFFICACY FOR HIGH-EFFICACY COMPLIANCE
Luminaire Power Rating Minimum Luminaire Efficacy 5 watts or less 30 lumens per watt
Over 5 watts to 15 watts 45 lumens per watt Over 15 watts to 40 watts 60 lumens per watt Over 40 watts 90 lumens per watt
In addition to increasing requirements for high-efficacy lighting in the home the 2013 Title 24 standards set a minimum quality standard for integral LED luminaires and LED light engines These quality standards can be found in the Joint Appendices (JA) Section 81 LED luminaires must have a CRI of at least 90 to be defined as high efficacy Indoor LED luminaires must have a CCT between 2700K and 4000K Outdoor LED luminaires may have any CCT rating between 2700 K and 5000 K
INSTALLED RESIDENTIAL LIGHTING As of 2010 there were a total of 113153000 residences in the United States2 In these residences 62 of lamps were incandescent 23 were CFLs 10 were linear fluorescent 4 were halogen and less than 1 was other luminaire types including LED replacement lamps and integrated LED luminaires3 About 90-95 of these luminaires are considered low-efficacy under 2013 Title 24 These homes used an average of 46 watts per lamp4 and had about 51 lamps per residence5 only 3 lamps per home incorporated dimming controls6 These lights operate for an average of 18 hours per day averaging 1556 kWh of electricity use a year and have a lighting power density between 10 and 14 watts per square foot of interior space7 There are still a very high number of incandescent lamps in use and most CFL lamps are equipped with screw bases and are considered low-efficacy by Title 24 as shown in Table 4
1 California Energy Commission 2013 Building Energy Efficiency Standards httpwwwenergycagovtitle242013standards 2 US DOE 2010 US Lighting Market Characterization pg 37 table 410 httpapps1eereenergygovbuildingspublicationspdfsssl2010-lmc-final-jan-2012pdf 3 US DOE 2010 US Lighting Market Characterization pg 39 table 412 httpapps1eereenergygovbuildingspublicationspdfsssl2010-lmc-final-jan-2012pdf 4 US DOE 2010 US Lighting Market Characterization pg 40 table 413 httpapps1eereenergygovbuildingspublicationspdfsssl2010-lmc-final-jan-2012pdf 5 US DOE 2010 US Lighting Market Characterization pg 42 table 415 httpapps1eereenergygovbuildingspublicationspdfsssl2010-lmc-final-jan-2012pdf 6 US DOE Residential Lighting End-Use Consumption Study pg 48 table 46 httpapps1eereenergygovbuildingspublicationspdfsssl2012_residential-lighting-studypdf 7 US DOE 2010 US Lighting Market Characterization pg 42 table 415 httpapps1eereenergygovbuildingspublicationspdfsssl2010-lmc-final-jan-2012pdf
5
PGampErsquos Emerging Technologies Program ET13PGE1063
TABLE 4 RESIDENTIAL LIGHTING USE BY SOCKET PERCENTAGE
Room Type Electricity
use per room (kWhyr)
Incandescent CFL Linear
Fluorescent Halogen Other
Total Sockets per Home ()8
Bathroom 242 74 20 3 2 1 18
LivingFamily Room 228 61 29 3 5 1 14
Bedroom 222 67 28 2 3 0 16
Kitchen 215 45 23 22 7 3 13
Exterior 214 59 24 2 14 2 11
Hall 111 72 22 2 4 1 8
Dining Room 105 81 15 1 3 0 6
Garage 69 35 13 51 1 0 5
Office 41 58 27 8 6 0 4
Closet 32 60 20 17 2 0 NA
Basement 28 40 30 28 1 0 NA
OtherUnknown 26 53 17 24 6 0 5
LaundryUtility Room 25 50 19 28 2 0 NA
Current estimates expect a 122 annual growth rate for the square footage of residences9 LEDs are expected to expand their market presence representing 25 of the installed base of lumen-hours by 2020 and 62 by 203010
While the 2013 Title 24 standards are a significant step toward the AHE lighting home there are still allowances for low-efficacy lighting solutions As a result traditional low-efficacy lighting technologies remain a viable option for builders despite rising market availability and performance of high-efficacy solutions Future cycles of Title 24 are expected to continue to increase the requirements for high-efficacy lighting potentially moving to an AHE lighting design
CURRENT LIGHTING DESIGN PRACTICES The project team surveyed residential builders lighting designers and electrical distributors with businesses in PGampE territory to assess the current and anticipated lighting design practices being implemented in residential new construction for the period from 2013 to 2016
Participants in the survey include James Benya of Benya Burnett Consultancy Pam Whitehead of Sage Architecture Katie Lesh of Lumenscom and Adele Chang of Lim Chang Rohling amp Associates The trends gathered in the survey are outlined below
8 Energy Star CFL Market Profile Page 23 Table 11 httpwwwenergystargoviaproductsdownloadsCFL_Market_Profile_2010pdf 9 Navigant Consulting Energy Savings Potential of Solid State Lighting in General Illumination Applications pg 6 httpapps1eereenergygovbuildingspublicationspdfssslssl_energy_savi_ntial_finalpdf 10 US DOE Energy Savings Potential of Solid State Lighting in General Illumination Applications pg 39 httpapps1eereenergygovbuildingspublicationspdfssslssl_energy-savings-report_jan-2012pdf
6
PGampErsquos Emerging Technologies Program ET13PGE1063
bull In most production style homes designers anticipate gradual change out from CFL to LED Today there is a mix of fluorescent and LED being installed as the LED price point is falling
bull Designers anticipate increasing market penetration for LEDs for segments of residential population focused on improved color rendition in interior and exterior applications
bull LED solutions are installed mostly in ambient interior lighting applications such as down lights under cabinet lighting and cove lighting
o High-end homes are more likely to specify four-inch aperture down lights o Built-in lighting fixtures such as down lights are also commonly found in
multi-tenant units as a space saving feature or as an upgrade in single family homes
bull LED solutions are also installed today in niche interior accent lighting such as handrails displays toe kicks
bull LED solutions are installed today in some outdoor applications such as tree up-lights bollards integrated step lights in-water lighting hardscape outlining and other niche lighting
bull LED solutions are trending towards color changing capabilities bull Lighting control systems are becoming prevalent in high-end housing with wireless
solutions allowing for more retrofit market penetration bull From distributorrsquos perspective LEDs are the top seller for todayrsquos residential market bull From the designerrsquos perspective LEDs rarely gets specified due to high price point
7
PGampErsquos Emerging Technologies Program ET13PGE1063
LIGHTING MARKET SURVEY The project team completed a product survey and review of current market information to determine the feasibility of implementing an AHE lighting design using existing AHE technologies The lighting fixtures included in this report are appropriate for various space types in the residential application as determined by lighting design principles to achieve application appropriate light levels A sample of lighting fixtures fulfilling the AHE definition (as of September 2014) are included in Appendix B Types of lighting fixtures included are ceiling-mounted recessed ceiling-mounted surface ceiling-mounted suspended wall mounted under cabinet and vanity
EMERGING PRODUCT The AHE lighting design practice utilizes application appropriate controls paired with dimmable light emitting diode (LED) fixtures or GU-24 socketed fixtures paired with GU-24 base LED replacement lamps By current code definition GU-24 base lamps are the only replacement lamps considered high-efficacy while traditional Edison screw-base sockets are considered low-efficacy In addition to limiting the source type to LED only AHE lighting requires a minimum quality standard for interior LED sources requiring a CRI of at least 90 and a CCT between 2700 K and 4000 K Based on floor plans provided by participating builders and results from the lighting product market survey the project team modeled AHE lighting designs to demonstrate the potential for an all AHE lighting design to meet lighting requirements and deliver energy savings as compared to current code-compliant lighting systems The project team conducted design charrettes for both single family (1870 square feet) and multi-family (605 square feet) homes The resulting AHE lighting packages are provided in Table 5 and Table 6 respectively These packages represent a sample of emerging products currently available to meet the AHE requirements
8
PGampErsquos Emerging Technologies Program ET13PGE1063
TABLE 5 SINGLE FAMILY HOME AHE LIGHTING DESIGN
Space Type AHE Fixture Fixture Load (W)
Quantity Total Load (W)
Kitchen Cree CR6 12 6 72
Under cabinet
Unilume 18 2 36
85 1 85
Nook Philips LED Chandelier 225 1 225
Pantry Cree CR6 12 1 12
Great Room Cree CR6 12 4 48
Entry Cree CR6 12 2 24
Hallways Cree CR6 12 3 36
Office Cree CR6 12 1 12
Bathroom 2 GU-24 Vanity with Illumis
Lamps 137 3 411
Water Closet Cree CR6 12 1 12
Bedroom 2 Cree CR6 12 2 24
Bedroom 3 Cree CR6 12 2 24
Coat Closet Cree CR6 12 1 12
Utility Room Cree CS14 38 1 38
Garage Cree CS14 38 1 38
Porch Cree CR6 12 6 72
Exterior Wall Sconce Borden 774 LED 14 4 56
Master Bedroom Cree CR6 12 4 48
Master Closet Cree CS14 38 1 38
Master Bathroom
GU-24 Vanity with Illumis
Lamps 137 3 411
Cree CR6 12 2 24
Water Closet Cree CR6 12 1 12
TOTAL 7512
9
PGampErsquos Emerging Technologies Program ET13PGE1063
TABLE 6 MULTI- FAMILY HOME AHE LIGHTING DESIGN
Space Type AHE Fixture
Fixture Load (W)
Fixture Quantity
Total Load (W)
Kitchen Cree CR6 12 4 48
Dining Philips Ledino Pendant
225 1 225
Entry Cree CR6 12 1 12
Bath GU-24 Vanity with Illumis
Lamps 137 3 411
Cree CR6 12 1 12
Exterior Wall Sconce Borden 774 14 1 14
TOTAL (W) 1496
10
PGampErsquos Emerging Technologies Program ET13PGE1063
TECHNOLOGY ASSESSMENT
The project team evaluated the residential lighting design purchasing process installation and end-user experience associated with AHE lighting systems through quantitative and qualitative analysis The technical approach employs the use of a product and market survey field deployments in PGampE territory and demonstration system performance evaluations Builder and homeowner end-user surveys provided a qualitative understanding of the AHE lighting measure and user satisfaction The quantitative evaluation included energy monitoring and cost information collection for AHE lighting systems installed at the residential demonstration sites In addition this report includes identified barriers and required next steps necessary for development of energy efficiency programs targeting residential lighting energy savings
TECHNICAL APPROACH This effort identifies best practices for developing a cost-effective AHE residential lighting measure through the evaluation of emerging residential lighting design practices purchasing processes installation practices and the end-user experience associated with AHE lighting The project team considered the following criteria to identify the best practices current residential lighting market offerings industry accepted illuminance recommendations for residential applications current energy efficiency code compliant design practices and installed sockets in the typical residential home The project team installed AHE lighting systems in three new homes where builder and homeowner feedback was gathered regarding the lighting The project team collected lighting system performance and energy use data
The project team conducted the technical approach to evaluate the AHE lighting system in six parts the confirmation of commercially available AHE lighting products through a market survey demonstration site selection development of AHE lighting designs for selected demonstration sites installation of AHE lighting systems at demonstration sites monitoring of AHE lighting system performance and the reduction and analysis of the collected performance data
MARKET SURVEY The project team implemented a survey to collect current market information regarding the feasibility of implementing an AHE lighting design with commercially available lighting products Steps were taken to review all publically available residential lighting manufacturer literature through dialogues with manufacturers about their current and future AHE lighting product offerings examination of manufacturer websites and discussions with distributors in PGampE territory The project team updated the fixture survey over the course
11
PGampErsquos Emerging Technologies Program ET13PGE1063
of this effort allowing for analysis of cost and performance trends of AHE lighting products A copy of the complete market survey is provided in the appendices
SITE SELECTION Davis Energy Group (DEG) identified residential builders in PGampE territory during the summer of 2013 DEG used the following methods to identify builder candidates and encourage participation webinar presentation of opportunity to PGampE California Advanced Home Program (CAHP) builders and other attendees leveraging DEGrsquos participation in LEED for Homes in California and DOE Building America to discuss participation with other member organizations and outreach activities with the builder utility and code compliance community Of the identified builders the project team prioritized those who were willing to install AHE lighting systems and participate in the associated installation survey experience The project team required participating builders to sell select AHE homes to homeowners willing to comply with up to one year of site monitoring and participation in a survey to evaluate their satisfaction with the AHE lighting system The project team incentivized builders who adhered to these criteria to install the AHE lighting systems Builders provided electrical plans to the project team to allow for the AHE lighting system design update At the time of the design builders submitted plans that adhered to 2008 Title 24 code requirements Residential builders that declined to participate in advanced measures including AHE lighting systems for their new construction homes cited varying reasons including concern that the systems would be a lsquodistractionrsquo no interest in new building methods and not being lsquokeen on utility programsrsquo One builder provided insight into the industry as of July 7 2013 saying ldquoUnderstand that the timing of this could not be worse for you with new home construction on the rebound ALL builders are stretched at the moment and labor and material shortages are starting to hit across the nation
LIGHTING DESIGN Using lighting design software (AGi32) to create a model of a two-story home the project team simulated AHE lighting system performance to confirm that it could provide application appropriate illumination levels The project team referenced the Illuminating Engineering Society (IES) recommended light levels for this work by space type per IES Handbook 10th Edition shown in Table 7 Wathen Castanos Hybrid Homes Inc a builder participant in this study provided the representative two-story floor plans shown in Figures 1 and 2 Figure 3 shows a typical floor plan for a one-story home also provided by Wathen Castanos Hybrid Homes Inc
12
PGampErsquos Emerging Technologies Program ET13PGE1063
TABLE 7 LIGHTING FOR RESIDENCES PER IES HANDBOOK 10TH EDITION
Application and Task
Horizontal Illuminance
Target (Avg fc)
Vertical Illuminance
Target (Avg fc)
Notes
Living Room 3 3 E_h floor
E_v 4AFF
Dining Room
Formal 5 2 E_h table plane E_v 4AFF
Informal 10 4 E_h table plane E_v 4AFF
Study Use 20 5 E_h table plane E_v 4AFF
Kitchen
Breakfast Area 20 5 E_h eating surfaces
E_v 4AFF
Cabinets - 5 E_v face of cabinets
Cooktops 30 5 E_h cooking surfaces
General 5 - E_h floor
Preparation Counters 50 75 E_h prep surfaces
Sinks 30 5 E_h top of sink
13
PGampErsquos Emerging Technologies Program ET13PGE1063
FIGURE 1 TYPICAL FIRST FLOOR ELECTRICAL PLAN OF A TWO-STORY HOME
14
PGampErsquos Emerging Technologies Program ET13PGE1063
FIGURE 2 TYPICAL SECOND FLOOR ELECTRICAL PLAN OF A TWO-STORY HOME
15
PGampErsquos Emerging Technologies Program ET13PGE1063
FIGURE 3 TYPICAL ELECTRICAL PLAN OF A ONE-STORY HOME
16
PGampErsquos Emerging Technologies Program ET13PGE1063
The project team modeled the AHE lighting design that best achieved recommended light levels fully for the living room dining room and kitchen Figure 4 and Figure 5 show renderings of the residential dwelling designed to light levels called out in Table 7 This design resulted in a lighting power density of 02 Watts per square foot (Wsf) for the living room 023 Wsf for the dining room and 050 Wsf for the kitchen
FIGURE 4 RESIDENTIAL KITCHEN RENDERING WITH ALL HIGH-EFFICACY LIGHTING
17
PGampErsquos Emerging Technologies Program ET13PGE1063
FIGURE 5 RESIDENTIAL LIVING AND DINING ROOM RENDERING WITH ALL HIGH-EFFICACY LIGHTING
The project team also evaluated the potential of an AHE design for a multi-family home The multi-family-home building plans provided by builder participants include specifications for dedicated socket types but did not specify source wattages A copy of this floor plan is provided in Figure 6
FIGURE 6 MULTI-FAMILY HOME BUILDING PLAN
18
PGampErsquos Emerging Technologies Program ET13PGE1063
LIGHTING SYSTEM INSTALLATION Participating builders installed site specific AHE lighting designs No issues were encountered during the installation of the AHE lighting designs Builders anecdotally reported that AHE lighting components are similar if not the same to install as legacy products The project team conducted site visits to verify correct operation of the lighting system and assess the electrical service architecture for use in finalizing the measurement and verification plan
SYSTEM MONITORING The project team collected data on the photometric performance energy consumption and builder and homeowner satisfaction with the AHE lighting systems The tools and methods employed to collect data are provided in the following sections Copies of builder and homeowner surveys are included in Appendix A of this report and the responses are provided in the results section
PHOTOMETRIC PERFORMANCE The project team characterized the photometric performance of the installed AHE lighting systems using recommended practices from the Illuminating Engineering Societyrsquos The Lighting Handbook Tenth Edition The Lighting for Residential Applications chapter references target residential applications and tasks with specific lighting requirements The project team collected illuminance data for the living room kitchen and dining room applications and compared it to recommended residential illuminance target values provided in Table 7 Equipment used to gather illuminance data is provided in Table 8
TABLE 8 PHOTOMETRIC PERFORMANCE CHARACTERIZATION
Measurement Manufacturer Model Image
Illuminance (footcandles fc) Konica Minolta T-10A
19
PGampErsquos Emerging Technologies Program ET13PGE1063
BUILDER AND HOMEOWNER SURVEY To capture builder and homeowner end-user experiences with the AHE lighting systems demonstrated in this project the project team developed survey tools to collect feedback in a rigorous manner The results of the surveys will be used to better understand barriers to market adoption of AHE lighting systems Copies of each survey are included in Appendix A
ENERGY MONITORING The project team specified metering equipment for installation at the participating demonstration homes to monitor lighting system energy use The accuracy of the circuit-level metering equipment meets the accuracy requirements of the ANSI C121 standard when used with Continental Control System current transformers rated for IEEE C5713 class 06 accuracy The project team determined that the receptacle loads and lighting loads are on the same circuit for two of the three demonstration homes To separate the lighting and receptacle loads the project team specified and installed receptacle-level monitoring equipment to allow for updated energy use monitoring in the amendment to this report The specified receptacle monitoring equipment has a rated accuracy of 5 when monitoring up to a 15 amp load Table 9 lists the equipment specified for use at the participating demonstration homes
TABLE 9 SPECIFIED MONITORING EQUIPMENT
Monitoring Equipment Type Model
AC Power Measurement Device WattNode RWNB-3Y-208-P
Current Transformers CCS CTL-1250
Data Logger HOBO UX120-017M
Receptacle Power Quality Recorder BERT Smart Plug 110M
The project team deployed the measurement and verification equipment at the demonstration homes as shown in Figure 7 to collect lighting energy use data in one minute intervals The project team deployed monitoring equipment at each receptacle that is on a circuit shared with lighting loads
20
PGampErsquos Emerging Technologies Program ET13PGE1063
FIGURE 7 INSTALLATION SCHEMATIC OF ENERGY LOGGING EQUIPMENT
DATA PROCESSING AND ANALYSIS The project team collected data at each demonstration site for an extended monitoring period determined for each demonstration site based on the occupancy date of the demonstration home The project team downloaded data intermittently to verify operation of equipment for processing and analysis
DATA PROCESSING To process the data the project team consolidated the raw data streams generated from the multiple lighting and receptacle data loggers into one master comma separated value (csv) file based on time stamp correlation The number of raw data streams varied from site to site based on the lighting and receptacle circuitry of each demonstration home
WATHEN CASTANOS 1622 Energy use data collected at the Wathen Castanos 1622 demonstration site consisted of one data stream of circuit level energy use at one minute resolution and 30 receptacle energy
21
PGampErsquos Emerging Technologies Program ET13PGE1063
use data streams at one hour resolution The project team binned circuit level energy use into hour resolution to allow for circuit and receptacle data to be analyzed together
NORTHWEST 2205 Energy use data collected at the NorthWest 2205 demonstration site consisted of one data stream of circuit level energy use at one minute resolution and 27 receptacle energy use data streams at one hour resolution The project team binned circuit level energy use into hour resolution to allow for circuit and receptacle data to be analyzed together
MERITAGE 3085 Energy use data collected at the Meritage 3085 demonstration site consisted of two data streams of circuit level energy use at one minute resolution The project team binned circuit level energy use into hour resolution to allow for direct comparison to the other demonstration homes
DATA ANALYSIS
WATHEN CASTANOS 1622 The project team collected lighting and receptacle energy use data for 177 days The project team identified plug load lighting by site walk confirmation and confirmed via data reduction of the receptacle energy monitoring data The project team applied one-time power factors (PF) measurements of the entertainment center appliances were applied to receptacle data streams to scale the load according to the appliance state (onoffstandby) Summed energy use resulting in negative energy use was is attributed to receptacle load energy use and negative values were zeroed to more accurately reflect actual energy use
NORTHWEST 2205 The project team collected lighting and receptacle energy use data for 176 days The project team identified plug load lighting by site walk and confirmed during data reduction of the receptacle energy monitoring data based on known light source wattages The project team determined data streams with one time load peaks of 300 Watts or greater to be outliers and dropped from the analysis The project team categorized peak loads of less than or equal to 70 Watts as lighting loads based on typical residential receptacle use Peak loads greater than 70 Watts were categorized as other loads The project team applied one-time power factors (PF) measurements of the entertainment center appliances to receptacle data streams to scale the load according to the appliance state (onoffstandby) Summed energy use resulting in negative energy use is attributed to receptacle load energy use Negative values were zeroed to more accurately reflect lighting energy use
MERITAGE 3085 The project team collected lighting and ceiling fan energy use data for 75 days Ceiling fan loads and one receptacle in the office were determined to be on the lighting circuit during the data reduction process and are included in the energy use analysis
22
PGampErsquos Emerging Technologies Program ET13PGE1063
RESULTS The project team evaluated AHE lighting systems for their capacity to reduce residential lighting loads provide residential energy savings and deliver application appropriate light levels This work included a market survey site selection lighting design lighting system installation monitoring of the system performance and data analysis
MARKET SURVEY To collect current lighting market information pertaining to the feasibility of implementing an AHE lighting design with commercially available lighting products the project team completed a review of all available residential lighting manufacturer literature This included dialogues with manufacturers about their current and future AHE lighting product offerings examination of manufacturer websites and discussions with distributors in PGampE territory The project team updated the results of the survey over the course of this effort allowing for cost and performance trend analysis of AHE lighting product offerings The AHE lighting product types included in this report are recessed downlight under cabinets wall-mount vanity surface ceiling-mount suspended ceiling-mount and wall-mount sconce light fixtures and are appropriate for residential applications as determined by lighting design illuminance level and uniformity requirements All fixtures fulfilling the AHE lighting system definition at the time of this report are included in the All High-Efficacy Lighting Design Guide provided in Appendix B
LIGHTING DESIGN Based on the lighting market survey results and each demonstration site building plan preliminary AHE lighting layouts were designed preliminary layouts were modeled to confirm that the design provides application appropriate illumination levels and the final iteration of the design was specified for installation in the demonstration sites The project team referenced the IES Handbook 10th Edition recommended light levels for this work by space type Referenced illumination levels are provided in Table 7 Three builders were selected to install AHE lighting designs Wathen Castanos NorthWest Homes and Meritage Homes Each participating builder provided a new construction single-family homes of varying square footage Wathen Castanos provided a single-family home building plan for their 1622 square foot floor plan shown in Figure 8
23
PGampErsquos Emerging Technologies Program ET13PGE1063
FIGURE 8 WATHEN CASTANOS SINGLE-FAMILY HOME FLOOR PLAN 1622
Table 10 contains the specified lighting design and calculated load reduction over the 2008-compliant lighting design the builder typically implemented at the time of this installation The specifications define dedicated sockets types but do not specify source wattages The project team specified possible low and high source wattages for socket types in the lsquooriginalrsquo lighting package in Table 10 In comparison to the 2008 Title 24 compliant design
24
PGampErsquos Emerging Technologies Program ET13PGE1063
the AHE lighting package resulted in a calculated load reduction of 35 to 59 for the one-story single-family home
TABLE 10 WATHEN CASTANOS 1622 AHE LIGHTING DESIGN AND LOAD REDUCTION OVER 2008 TITLE 24 COMPLIANT DESIGN
Space Type Non AHE fixture
type (builder original)
Low Load (W)
High Load (W)
Quantity
Low Load Total (W)
High Load Total (W)
AHE Fixture
AHE Load (W)
AHE Quantity
AHE Total Load (W)
Kitchen Fluorescent Downlight 13 26 6 78 156 Cree CR6 12 6 72
Dining Ceiling Fan
Incandescent Light Kit
40 60 4 160 240 Satco LED
Lamps 98 5 49
Cree CR6 12 2 24
Great Room Fluorescent
Surface Mount Fixture
13 26 1 13 26 Cree CR6 12 4 48
Master Bedroom
Ceiling Fan Incandescent
Light Kit 40 60 4 160 240 Cree CR6 12 4 48
Master Bathroom
Fluorescent Downlight 13 26 3 39 78 Cree CR6 12 3 36
Fluorescent
Vanity 26 52 2 52 104 Satco LED
Lamps 98 8 784
Master Closet
Linear Fluorescent
Fixture (4 lamp) 112 128 1 112 128 Cree
CS14 37 1 37
Bedroom (2) Fluorescent
Surface Mount Fixture
13 26 2 26 52 Cree CR6 12 2 24
Bedroom (3)Study
Fluorescent Surface Mount
Fixture 13 26 2 26 52 Cree CR6 12 2 24
Bathroom Fluorescent Downlight 13 26 2 26 26
Satco LED
Lamps 98 2 196
Fluorescent Vanity 13 26 3 39 78
Satco LED
Lamps 98 3 294
Laundry Fluorescent Downlight 13 26 1 13 26
Satco LED
Lamps 98 2 196
Garage Linear
Fluorescent Fixture (4 lamp)
112 128 1 112 128 Cree CS14 37 1 37
Entry Fluorescent
Surface Mount Fixture
13 26 2 26 52 Cree CR6 12 2 24
Hallway Fluorescent
Surface Mount Fixture
13 26 2 26 52 Cree CR6 12 2 24
TOTAL 908 1438 594
AHE Load Reduction 346 587
25
PGampErsquos Emerging Technologies Program ET13PGE1063
NorthWest Homes provided a single-story single-family home building plan using their 2205 square foot floor plan shown in Figure 9
FIGURE 9 NORTHWEST SINGLE-FAMILY HOME FLOOR PLAN 2205
Table 11 contains the specified lighting design and calculated load reduction over the 2008 compliant lighting design the builder typically implemented at the time of this installation The specifications define dedicated sockets types but do not specify source wattages The project team specified possible low and high source wattages for socket types in the lsquooriginalrsquo lighting package in Table 11 In comparison to the 2008 Title 24 compliant design the lighting package resulted in a calculated load reduction of 37 to 61 for the one-story single-family home
26
PGampErsquos Emerging Technologies Program ET13PGE1063
TABLE 11 NORTHWEST HOMES 2205 AHE LIGHTING DESIGN AND LOAD REDUCTION OVER 2008 TITLE 24 COMPLIANT DESIGN
Space Type
Non AHE fixture type
(builder original)
Low Load (W)
High Load (W)
Quantity
Low Load Total (W)
High Load Total (W)
AHE Fixture
AHE Load (W)
AHE Quantity
AHE Total Load (W)
Kitchen Can Fluorescent 13 26 6 78 156 Cree CR6 12 6 72
Nook Ceiling Light Incandescent 40 43 1 40 43 Cree CR6 12 1 12
Pantry Can Fluorescent 13 26 1 13 26 Cree CR6 12 1 12
Great Room Fan with Light 13 43 3 39 129 Cree CR6 12 4 48
Flush Incandescent 40 43 1 40 43 - - - -
Entry Ceiling Light Incandescent 40 43 2 80 86 Cree CR6 12 2 24
Hallways Flush Incandescent 40 43 3 120 129 Cree CR6 12 3 36
Office Ceiling Light Incandescent 40 43 1 40 43 Cree CR6 12 1 12
Bathroom 2
Wall mount Incandescent 40 43 2 80 86 Illumis
Lamps 411 1 411
Water Closet
Ceiling Light Incandescent 40 43 1 40 43 Cree CR6 12 1 12
Bedroom 2 Fan with Light 13 43 3 39 129 Cree CR6 12 2 24
Bedroom 3 Fan with Light 13 43 3 39 129 Cree CR6 12 2 24
Coat Closet
Can Fluorescent 13 26 1 13 26 Cree CR6 12 1 12
Utility Room
Ceiling Linear Fluorescent 28 32 1 28 32 Cree CR6 12 2 24
Garage Ceiling Linear Fluorescent 28 32 3 84 96 Cree
CS14 38 1 38
Porch Ceiling Light Fluorescent 13 26 6 78 156 Cree CR6 12 6 72
Exterior Wall mount Fluorescent 13 26 4 52 104 Illumis
Lamps 137 4 548 Wall Sconce Master
Bedroom Fan with Light 13 43 3 39 129 Cree CR6 12 4 48
Master Closet
Ceiling Linear Fluorescent 28 32 1 28 32 Cree CR6 12 2 24
Master Bathroom
Wall mount Incandescent 40 43 2 80 86 Illumis
Lamps 411 2 822
Ceiling Light Fluorescent 13 26 2 26 52 Cree CR6 12 2 24
Water Closet
Ceiling Light Incandescent 40 43 1 40 43 Cree CR6 12 1 12
TOTAL
1116 1798
7081
AHE Load Reduction 366 606
27
PGampErsquos Emerging Technologies Program ET13PGE1063
Meritage Homes provided a two-story single-family home building plan for their 3085 square foot floor plan shown in Figure 10 and Figure 11
FIGURE 10 MERITAGE FIRST FLOOR SINGLE-FAMILY HOME FLOOR PLAN 3085
28
PGampErsquos Emerging Technologies Program ET13PGE1063
FIGURE 11 MERITAGE SECOND FLOOR SINGLE-FAMILY HOME FLOOR PLAN 3085
Table 12 contains the specified AHE lighting design and calculated load reduction over the 2008 compliant lighting design the builder typically implemented at the time of this installation The specifications define dedicated sockets types but do not specify source wattages The project team specified possible low and high source wattages for socket types in the lsquooriginalrsquo lighting package in Table 12 In comparison to the 2008 Title 24 compliant design the AHE lighting package resulted in a calculated load reduction of 0 to 11 for the two-story single-family home
29
PGampErsquos Emerging Technologies Program ET13PGE1063
TABLE 12 MERITAGE 3085 AHE LIGHTING DESIGN AND LOAD REDUCTION OVER 2008 TITLE 24 COMPLIANT DESIGN
Space Type
Non AHE fixture type
(builder original)
Low Load (W)
High Load (W)
Quantity
Low Load Total (W)
High Load Total (W)
AHE Fixture AHE Source AHE
Fixture Load (W)
Quantity AHE Total Load (W)
Great Room FanDome 26 52 1 26 52 FanDome CREE CR6 12 4 48
Kitchen Fluorescent downlight 13 26 4 52 104 LED
Downlight Cree CR6 12 4 48
Fluorescent Undercabinet 19 37 2 38 74 - - - - -
Optional Pendant 13 26 2 26 52 LED
Pendant CREE TW 135 2 27
Closet 13 26 13 26 LED Dome Cree TW 135 2 27
Powder Room Vanity 26 52 1 26 52 Vanity CREE TW 135 2 27
Dining Fluorescent downlight 13 26 1 13 26 LED
Chandelier Illumis Lamp 137 5 685
Owners Entry Dome 13 26 1 13 26 Dome CREE TW 135 2 27
Pocket Office Fluorescent downlight 13 26 1 13 26 LED
Downlight Cree CR6 12 1 12
Nook Fluorescent downlight 13 26 1 13 26 LED
Downlight Cree CR6 12 2 24
Pantry Fluorescent downlight 13 26 1 13 26 LED
Downlight Cree CR6 12 2 24
Porch Recessed 13 26 1 13 26 Exterior Ceiling Cree CR6 12 2 24
Exterior lights Wall mount 13 26 1 13 26 Wall Mount Exterior Illumis Lamp 137 3 411
Garage 1x4 T8 Fixture 60 70 1 60 70 1x4 T8 Fixture CREE T8 44 2 88
Foyer Fluorescent downlight 13 26 1 13 26 LED
Downlight Cree CR6 12 2 24
Stairs Fluorescent downlight 13 26 1 13 26 LED
Downlight Cree CR6 12 2 24
Linen closet Fluorescent downlight 13 26 1 13 26 LED
Downlight Cree CR6 12 1 12
Bathroom Vanity 26 52 1 26 52 Vanity CREE TW 27 1 27
Hallway Fluorescent downlight 13 26 1 13 26
Integrated LED Downlight
Cree CR6 12 4 48
Laundry 1x4 T8 Fixture 60 70 1 60 70 1x4 T8 Fixture CREE T8 44 1 44
Attic E26 Socket 13 26 1 13 26 E26 socket CREE TW 135 1 135
Game room FanDome 52 104 1 52 104 FanDome CREE TW 54 1 54
Bath 2 Fluorescent downlight 13 26 1 13 26 LED
Downlight Cree TW 135 3 405
Bedrooms Dome 26 52 1 26 52 Dome Feit Candelabra 49 6 294
- - - - - - Dome Feit A-Lamp 10 3 30
Bedroom Walk in Closets Dome 13 26 1 13 26 Dome Cree TW 135 6 81
Master Bedroom FanDome 52 104 1 52 104 FanDome Feit Candelabra 49 4 196
Master Closet Dome 13 26 1 13 26 Dome Illumis 137 4 548
Master Bathroom Fluorescent downlight 13 26 1 13 26 LED
Downlight Cree CR6 12 1 12
LED Vanity Illumis 137 6 822
Cree TW 12 2 24
Bath 3 Fluorescent downlight 13 26 1 13 26 LED
Downlight Cree CR6 12 1 12
TOTAL (W)
678 1254
11176
AHE Load Reduction ()
- 11
30
PGampErsquos Emerging Technologies Program ET13PGE1063
The project team considered a multi-family home builder for inclusion in the program The provided building plan is shown in Figure 12 Table 13 contains the specified AHE lighting design and calculated load reduction over the 2008 compliant lighting design the builder typically implemented at the time of this installation In comparison to the 2008 Title 24 compliant design the AHE lighting package resulted in a calculated load reduction of 50 for one unit of the multi-family home
FIGURE 12 HERITAGE COMMONS MULTI-FAMILY HOME BUILDING PLAN
31
PGampErsquos Emerging Technologies Program ET13PGE1063
TABLE 13 MULTI- FAMILY HOME AHE LIGHTING DESIGN AND LOAD REDUCTION OVER 2008 TITLE 24 COMPLIANT DESIGN
Space Type Non AHE fixture
type (builder original)
Original Load (W)
Original Quantity
Original Total Load
(W)
AHE Fixture
AHE Load (W)
AHE Quantity
AHE Total
Load (W)
Kitchen Fluorescent Down light
26 4 104 Cree CR6 12 4 48
Dining Progress Pendant 100 1 100 Philips Ledino Pendant
225 1 225
Entry Fluorescent Down light
22 1 22 Cree CR6 12 1 12
Bath Fluorescent 17 2 34
GU-24 Vanity Fixture with
Illumis Lamps
137 3 411
Fluorescent Down light
13 1 13 Cree CR6 12 1 12
TOTAL (W) 2730 1356
AHE Load Reduction
() 503
LIGHTING SYSTEM INSTALLATION The installation of the AHE lighting systems did not require additional installation techniques by the construction team compared to 2008 Title 24 compliant systems Photographs of an AHE lighting system installed in a Wathen Castanos model home are provided below
32
PGampErsquos Emerging Technologies Program ET13PGE1063
FIGURE 13 AHE LIGHTING SYSTEM INSTALLATION IN KITCHEN
33
PGampErsquos Emerging Technologies Program ET13PGE1063
FIGURE 14 AHE LIGHTING SYSTEM INSTALLATION IN LIVING ROOM
34
PGampErsquos Emerging Technologies Program ET13PGE1063
FIGURE 15 AHE LIGHTING SYSTEM INSTALLATION IN BATHROOM
35
PGampErsquos Emerging Technologies Program ET13PGE1063
The cost of AHE lighting components have reduced over the course of this project with integrated high quality high efficacy LED downlights ranging in price from $25 to $50 and high quality high efficacy LED replacement lamps ranging from $7 to $25 as of the time of this report Detailed AHE lighting system cost information for the demonstration sites are contained in Table 14 15 and 16 Costs for lighting system components utilized in both the 2008 Title 24 compliant and AHE lighting designs are not included For instance downlight housings and control components are not listed
TABLE 14 WATHEN CASTANOS 1622 AHE LIGHT SOURCE COST INFORMATION
Space Type AHE Fixture AHE Quantity Price per Fixture ($)
Total Price per Space Type ($)
Kitchen Cree CR6 6 $25 $150
Dining LED Chandelier and Satco LED Lamps 1 $408 $408
Cree CR6 2 $25 $50
Great Room Cree CR6 4 $25 $100
Master Bedroom Cree CR6 5 $25 $125
Master Bathroom Cree CR6 2 $25 $50
Satco LED Lamp 8 $29 $232
Master Closet Cree CS14 1 $407 $407
Bedroom (2) Cree CR6 2 $25 $50
Bedroom (3)Study Cree CR6 2 $25 $50
Bathroom Dome Fixture and Satco LED Lamps 2 $29 $58
Vanity Fixture and Satco LED Lamps 3 $29 $87
Laundry Cree CR6 2 $25 $50
Garage Cree CS14 1 $407 $407
Entry Cree CR6 2 $25 $50
Hallway Cree CR6 2 $25 $50
TOTAL $2324
36
PGampErsquos Emerging Technologies Program ET13PGE1063
TABLE 15 NORTHWEST HOMES 2205 AHE LIGHT SOURCE COST INFORMATION
Space Type AHE Fixture AHE Quantity Price per Fixture ($)
Total Price per Space Type ($)
Kitchen Cree CR6 6 $25 $150
Nook Cree CR6 1 $25 $25
Pantry Cree CR6 1 $25 $25
Great Room Cree CR6 4 $25 $100
Entry Cree CR6 2 $25 $50 Hallways Cree CR6 3 $25 $75
Office Cree CR6 1 $25 $25
Bathroom 2 Illumis Lamps 3 $27 $81
Water Closet Cree CR6 1 $25 $25
Bedroom 2 Cree CR6 2 $25 $50
Bedroom 3 Cree CR6 2 $25 $50
Coat Closet Cree CR6 1 $25 $25
Utility Room Cree CR6 2 $25 $50
Garage Cree CS14 1 $407 $407
Porch Cree CR6 6 $25 $150
Exterior Wall Sconces Illumis Lamps 4 $27 $108
Master Bedroom Cree CR6 4 $25 $100
Master Closet Cree CR6 2 $25 $50 Master
Bathroom Illumis Lamps 2 $27 $54
Cree CR6 2 $25 $50
Water Closet Cree CR6 1 $25 $25
TOTAL $1675
37
PGampErsquos Emerging Technologies Program ET13PGE1063
TABLE 16 MERITAGE 3085 AHE LIGHT SOURCE COST INFORMATION
Space Type AHE Fixture AHE Source Quantity
Price per Fixture
($)
Total Price per Space Type ($)
Great Room FanDome CREE TW 4 $15 $60
Kitchen LED Downlight Cree CR6 4 $25 $100
Optional Pendant CREE TW 2 $15 $30
Closet LED Dome CREE TW 2 $15 $30
Powder Room Vanity CREE TW 2 $15 $30
Dining Chandelier Illumis Lamps 5 $27 $135
Owners Entry Dome CREE TW 2 $15 $30
Pocket Office LED Downlight Cree CR6 1 $25 $25
Nook LED Downlight Cree CR6 2 $25 $50
Pantry LED Downlight Cree CR6 2 $25 $50
Porch Exterior Ceiling Illumis Lamp 2 $27 $54
Exterior lights Wall Mount Exterior
Illumis Lamp 3 $27 $81
Garage 1x4 T8 Fixture CREE T8 2 $35 $70
Foyer LED Downlight Cree CR6 2 $25 $50
Stairs LED Downlight Cree CR6 2 $25 $50
Linen Closet LED Downlight Cree CR6 1 $25 $25
Bathroom Vanity CREE TW 2 $15 $30
Hallway Integrated LED Downlight Cree CR6 4 $25 $100
Laundry 1x4 T8 Fixture CREE T8 1 $35 $35
Attic E26 socket CREE TW 1 $15 $15
Game room FanDome CREE TW 4 $15 $60
Bath 2 LED Downlight Cree TW 3 $15 $45
Bedrooms Dome Feit Candelabra 6 $7 $42
Dome Feit A-Lamp 3 $7 $21
Walk in Closet Dome CREE TW 6 $15 $90
Master Bedroom FanDome Feit
Candelabra 4 $7 $28
Master Closet Dome Illumis 4 $27 $108
Master Bathroom LED Downlight Cree CR6 1 $25 $25
LED Vanity Illumis 6 $27 $162
Bath 3 LED Downlight Cree CR6 1 $25 $25
TOTAL $1656
38
PGampErsquos Emerging Technologies Program ET13PGE1063
SYSTEM PERFORMANCE EVALUATION The project team monitored the builder and homeowner end-user satisfaction photometric performance and energy consumption of the installed AHE lighting systems according to the test method outlined in this report The results of the system performance evaluation are provided below
SURVEY RESPONSES To capture builder and homeowner end-user experiences with the AHE lighting systems deployed for evaluation in this project the project team developed survey tools in order to collect feedback in a rigorous manner The results of the surveys will be used to better understand barriers to market adoption of AHE lighting systems and inform the recommendations for next steps Responses to the builder and homeowner surveys are included in the following sections
BUILDER SURVEY RESPONSES The three participating builders completed the AHE lighting system installation The survey response below is for Wathen Castanos (WC) Northwest Homes (NH) and Meritage Homes (MH)
Q What is the primary driver(s) for lighting specification choices bull WC Cost and Title 24 Code Requirements bull NH Title 24 Code Requirements then customer preference bull MH Cost without sacrificing product reliability and then Title 24 Code Requirements
Q At what point in your design process are appliance or energy codes such as T24 considered
bull WC In the plan design stage bull NH Beginning before plans are submitted for plan check review bull MH When determining the lighting schedule
Q How often is your initial plan altered in order to comply with T24 requirements
bull WC Typically not until there is a mandated code update bull NH About 50 of the time although T24 is considered throughout all designs bull MH Very rarely to comply more often to exceed T24 requirements Typically
altered to take advantage of local utility incentives Q What is your typical budget for lighting in a small mid-sized and large home
bull WC Small $500 Mid-Sized $800 Large $1900 bull NH Small $2000 Mid-Sized $3000 Large $4000 bull MH Small $500 Mid-Sized $850 Large $1400
Q Does the lighting design or technologies used vary depending on the locale or price-point of the home If so how
bull WC Yes the high end homes will typically have a higher quality finish on the light fixtures
39
PGampErsquos Emerging Technologies Program ET13PGE1063
bull NH Yes we allow approximately $125 per square foot of the home for lighting and ceiling fans We use a lot of LED recessed can lighting in kitchens and hallways as standard The electrical contractor includes those in his bid about $9000 each
bull MH Yes location and the associated market affect this decision Builder competition also influences if LED lighting or solar is offered as a way to differentiate ourselves
Q Compared to other building systems how large an impact does lighting have on a homersquos budget (as a percent)
bull WC Less than 1 bull NH Including cost increase for high efficiency lighting due to lack of product
availability about 15 bull MH About 02
Q How difficult is it to find Title 24 compliant products for each of the following product categories
Not Difficult
Somewhat Difficult
Very Difficult
Not Applicable
GU-24 MH WC NH
Integral LEDs vs replacement lamps WC NH MH
Quick connects WC NH MH
New track lighting requirements WC NH MH
Q How often do homeowners ask for a lighting change after construction is completed
bull WC Almost Never bull NH Often bull MH Almost Never
Q Do they try to replace luminaires with non-compliant alternatives bull WC Occasionally bull NH Often bull MH Almost Never
Q What role do the utility companies play in your lighting design decision making process
bull WC Rebates and Incentives bull NH None Title 24 only bull MH None
Q What challenges do you foresee arising that will make AHE compliance difficult
bull WC Economics ndash price of high efficacy products 90 CRI Product availability ndash most products canrsquot be quickly purchased at hardware stores
bull NH Economics ndash price of high efficacy products 90 CRI Product availability ndash most products canrsquot be quickly purchased at hardware stores
bull MH Economics ndash price of high efficacy products 90 CRI Product availability ndash most products canrsquot be quickly purchased at hardware stores
40
PGampErsquos Emerging Technologies Program ET13PGE1063
Q With integral LED luminaires becoming part of Title 24 compliance do you foresee any issues with end-users adopting this lighting appliance
bull WC No It will become the norm and current home owners do not like fluorescent fixtures
bull NH No the lighting quality of new LED lights seem to be acceptable to most buyers bull MH No not with the LED light quality and longevity Cost may be an issue
Changing components rather than bulbs may be an issue
HOMEOWNER SURVEY RESPONSES At the time of this report all participating demonstration homes had been occupied for sufficient time to collect survey responses The homeowner survey response provided below is for the Wathen Castanos 1622 homeowner (WC) NorthWest Homes 2205 homeowners (NH1 and NH2) and Meritage Homes 3085 homeowner (MH)
Q Please compare the lighting in your new home to the lighting in your previous home Do you think that each of the following aspects of lighting is better worse or the same in your new home
Better Worse The same I donrsquot know
I like the color of the lighthellip WC NH1 NH2 MH
The light levels in the space arehellip WC NH1
NH2 MH
Objects under the light lookhellip NH1 NH2 WC MH The aesthetic of the fixtures arehellip NH1 NH2 MH WC The lighting controllability ishellip WC NH2 MH NH1 The glare of the lighting ishellip NH1 NH2 MH WC
41
PGampErsquos Emerging Technologies Program ET13PGE1063
Q Rate your satisfaction with the AHE lighting in each room type in your new home Use the following scale
1 Extremely dissatisfied 2 Dissatisfied 3 No difference in satisfaction from lighting in last home 4 Satisfied 5 Extremely satisfied
WC Responses bull Kitchen Satisfied bull Bathroom No difference in the satisfaction from lighting in last home bull Common Living Spaces Satisfied bull Bedrooms Satisfied bull Dining Room No difference in the satisfaction from lighting in last home bull Garage No difference in the satisfaction from lighting in last home
NH1 Responses
bull Kitchen Satisfied bull Bathroom Satisfied bull Common Living Spaces Extremely Satisfied bull Bedrooms Satisfied bull Dining Room Dissatisfied bull Garage Extremely Dissatisfied
NH2 Responses
bull Kitchen Dissatisfied (no undercounter lighting) bull Bathroom Satisfied bull Common Living Spaces Extremely Satisfied bull Bedrooms Satisfied bull Dining Room Satisfied bull Garage Extremely Dissatisfied
MH Responses
bull Kitchen Satisfied bull Bathroom Satisfied bull Common Living Spaces Satisfied bull Bedrooms Satisfied bull Dining Room Satisfied bull Garage No difference in the satisfaction from lighting in last home
42
PGampErsquos Emerging Technologies Program ET13PGE1063
Q What type of lighting did you use in your previous home WC Response
a Linear fluorescent b Incandescent c CFLs
NH1 Response
a Linear fluorescent b Incandescent c CFLs d Other Halogen Under Counter
NH2 Response
a Linear fluorescent b Incandescent c CFLs d Other Halogen
MH Response Incandescent Q For one standard residential screw-base light fixture what is the most that you would be willing to pay for a single light bulb
bull WC Response $11-15 bull NH1 Response $6-10 bull NH2 Response $1-5 bull MH Response $1-5
Q Rate your familiarity with the following topics Use the following scale 1 I have never heard of it before 2 I have heard of this but am not sure exactly what it means 3 I am familiar with this concept but not an expert 4 I am an expert when it comes to this concept
WC Response bull GU-24 based lamps I have never heard of it before bull LED replacement lamps I am familiar with this concept but not an expert bull Integral LED luminaires I have heard of this but am not sure exactly what it
means bull Adaptive lighting controls I have never heard of it before bull Color Rendering Index I am familiar with this concept but not an expert bull Correlated Color Temperature I have heard of this but am not sure exactly what
it means
43
PGampErsquos Emerging Technologies Program ET13PGE1063
NH1 Response bull GU-24 based lamps I have never heard of it before bull LED replacement lamps I am familiar with this concept but not an expert bull Integral LED luminaires I have never heard of it before bull Adaptive lighting controls I have heard of this but am not sure exactly what it
means bull Color Rendering Index I am familiar with this concept but not an expert bull Correlated Color Temperature I have heard of this but am not sure exactly what
it means NH2 Response
bull GU-24 based lamps I am familiar with this concept but not an expert bull LED replacement lamps I am familiar with this concept but not an expert bull Integral LED luminaires I have never heard of it before bull Adaptive lighting controls I am familiar with this concept but not an expert bull Color Rendering Index I have never heard of it before bull Correlated Color Temperature I have never heard of it before
MH Response
bull GU-24 based lamps I have never heard of it before bull LED replacement lamps I am familiar with this concept but not an expert bull Integral LED luminaires I have heard of this but am not sure exactly what it
means bull Adaptive lighting controls I have heard of this but am not sure exactly what it
means bull Color Rendering Index I am familiar with this concept but not an expert bull Correlated Color Temperature I have heard of this but am not sure exactly what
it means Q How important to you is the ability to maintain your own lighting within your home (Replace burnt-out light bulbsfixtures repair or replace controls etc)
bull WC Response Important that I can replace light bulbs only bull NH1 Response Not at all important I can pay a technician to do those tasks bull NH2 Response Important that I can perform any maintenance task necessary
MH Response Important that I can replace light bulbs only
SYSTEM MONITORING RESULTS The project team monitored the energy and photometric performance of the installed AHE lighting systems according to the test method outlined in this report Results are provided below
PHOTOMETRIC PERFORMANCE The project team characterized the photometric performance of the AHE lighting system installed at the Wathen Castanos 1622 home utilizing the recommended practices from the Illuminating Engineering Societyrsquos The Lighting Handbook Tenth Edition The Lighting for
44
PGampErsquos Emerging Technologies Program ET13PGE1063
Residential Applications chapter was referenced to identify target applications and tasks for residences with specific lighting requirements The project team collected illuminance measurements for the living kitchen dining and bathroom applications Results and recommended light levels are summarized in Table 17
45
PGampErsquos Emerging Technologies Program ET13PGE1063
TABLE 17 WATHEN CASTANOS 1622 MEASURED ILLUMINANCE
Application and Task
Horizontal Illuminance
Target (Avg fc)
Vertical Illuminance
Target (Avg fc)
Measured Horizontal
Illuminance (Avg fc)
Measured Vertical
Illuminance (Avg fc)
Notes
Living Room 3 3 53 NA E_h floor E_v 4AFF
Dining Room 210 NA
Formal 5 2 - - E_h table plane E_v 4AFF
Informal 10 4 - - E_h table plane E_v 4AFF
Study Use 20 5 - - E_h table plane E_v 4AFF
Kitchen
Breakfast Area 20 5 348 297 E_h eating
surfaces E_v 4AFF
Cabinets - 5 - 246 E_v face of cabinets
Cooktops 30 5 207 205 E_h cooking surfaces
General 5 - 314 271 E_h floor Preparation
Counters 50 75 194 159 E_h prep surfaces
Sinks 30 5 362 226 E_h top of sink
Bathroom
Shower 5 - 552 1809 E_h floor E_v 3AFF
Toilet 10 - 304 272 E_h floor
Vanity (Grooming) 30 - 501 342 E_h floor E_v 5AFF
46
PGampErsquos Emerging Technologies Program ET13PGE1063
ENERGY USE MONITORING Energy use data collected at the demonstration sites over the course of this effort is provided in this section Detailed lighting load profiles are provided in Appendix D Raw data is available upon request A comparison of estimated and measured lighting energy use is provided in Table 18 Estimated annual lighting energy use assumes 18 hours of use per day11
TABLE 18 SUMMARY OF CALCULATED AND MEASURED LIGHTING ENERGY USE
Site Area (sf)
Lighting Schedule
Calculated Load (kW)
Measured Peak Lighting
Load (kW)
Measured LPD
Calculated Annual Lighting
Energy Use (kWh)
Estimated Annual Lighting
Energy Use (kWh)
Wathen Castanos 1622 059 046 028 1096 3022
North West Homes
2205 071 062 028 4509 4073
Meritage Homes 3085 112 111 036 13004 7293
Wathen Castanos 1622 Daily lighting energy use profiles at the Wathen Castanos 1622 demonstration home are provided below In addition cumulative results over the course of the monitoring period are included Date gaps in data are due to network errors Days with missing data were dropped from the analysis resulting in 157 days of monitored energy use spanning November 19 2014 to May 25 2015 The lighting energy use averages 300 kWh per day Extrapolating this average for an assumed usage of 365 days per year results in a calculated annual energy use of 1096 kWh
11 US DOE 2010 US Lighting Market Characterization pg 42 table 415 httpapps1eereenergygovbuildingspublicationspdfsssl2010-lmc-final-jan-2012pdf
47
PGampErsquos Emerging Technologies Program ET13PGE1063
FIGURE 16 TOTAL DAILY ENERGY USE FOR WATHEN CASTANOS 1622 DEMONSTRATION HOME
FIGURE 17 WEEKLY ENERGY USE FOR WATHEN CASTANOS 1622 DEMONSTRATION HOME jh
000050100150200250300350400450500
111
920
1411
24
2014
112
920
1412
42
014
129
201
412
27
2014
11
2015
16
2015
111
201
51
162
015
128
201
52
220
152
720
152
122
015
217
201
52
222
015
227
201
53
420
153
920
153
142
015
319
201
53
242
015
329
201
54
320
154
820
154
132
015
418
201
54
232
015
428
201
55
320
155
820
155
132
015
518
201
55
232
015
Daily Lighting Energy Use (kWh)
48
PGampErsquos Emerging Technologies Program ET13PGE1063
Energy use per day is provided based on sunrise and sunset definitions to identify day and night lighting energy use
FIGURE 18 ENERGY USE PER DAY OVER MONITORING PERIOD DURATION
NorthWest Homes 2205 Daily lighting energy use profiles at the NorthWest Homes 2205 demonstration home are provided below In addition cumulative results over the course of the monitoring period are included for the 176 days spanning October 29 2014 to April 20 2015 The lighting energy use averages 124 kWh per day Extrapolating this average for an assumed usage of 365 days per year results in a calculated annual energy use of 4509 kWh
49
PGampErsquos Emerging Technologies Program ET13PGE1063
FIGURE 19 TOTAL ENERGY USE FOR NORTHWEST HOMES 2205 DEMONSTRATION HOME
000
050
100
150
200
250
102
920
1411
32
014
118
201
411
13
2014
111
820
1411
23
2014
112
820
1412
32
014
128
201
412
13
2014
121
820
1412
23
2014
122
820
141
220
151
720
151
122
015
117
201
51
222
015
127
201
52
120
152
620
152
112
015
216
201
52
212
015
226
201
53
320
153
820
153
132
015
318
201
53
232
015
328
201
54
220
154
720
154
122
015
417
201
5
Daily Lighting Energy Use (kWh)
50
PGampErsquos Emerging Technologies Program ET13PGE1063
FIGURE 20 WEEKLY CUMULATIVE ENERGY USE FOR NORTHWEST HOMES 2205 DEMONSTRATION HOME
Energy use per day is provided based on sunrise and sunset definitions to identify day and night lighting energy use
51
PGampErsquos Emerging Technologies Program ET13PGE1063
FIGURE 21 ENERGY USE PER DAY OVER MONITORING PERIOD DURATION
52
PGampErsquos Emerging Technologies Program ET13PGE1063
Meritage 3085 Daily energy use profiles for the ceiling fan and lighting loads at the Meritage 3085 demonstration home are provided below Post-data collection one receptacle was identified as being on the lighting circuit This is included in the 75 days of monitored energy use below spanning January 31 2015 to April 15 2015 The monitored energy use averages 356 kWh per day Extrapolating this average for an assumed usage of 365 days per year this results in a calculated annual lighting related energy use of 1300 kWh
FIGURE 22 TOTAL ENERGY USE FOR MERITAGE 3085 DEMONSTRATION HOME
0
1
2
3
4
5
6
131
201
5
23
2015
26
2015
29
2015
212
201
5
215
201
5
218
201
5
221
201
5
224
201
5
227
201
5
32
2015
35
2015
38
2015
311
201
5
314
201
5
317
201
5
320
201
5
323
201
5
326
201
5
329
201
5
41
2015
44
2015
47
2015
410
201
5
413
201
5
Daily Lighting Energy Use (kWh)
53
PGampErsquos Emerging Technologies Program ET13PGE1063
FIGURE 23 WEEKLY CUMULATIVE ENERGY USE FOR MERITAGE 3085 DEMONSTRATION HOME
Energy use per day is provided based on sunrise and sunset definitions to identify day and night lighting energy use
54
PGampErsquos Emerging Technologies Program ET13PGE1063
FIGURE 24 ENERGY USE PER DAY OVER MONITORING PERIOD DURATION
RECOMMENDATIONS Over the duration of the project product availability and cost barriers to the adoption of AHE lighting for residential applications were identified Participating builders unanimously responsed that challenges for builders to be compliant with AHE lighting requirements include the economics associated with AHE lighting products and the limited availability of AHE lighting products that can be quickly purchased at a hardware store For the AHE lighting designs implemented in this study two of the three AHE lighting designs exceeded the typical lighting budget for the builders Programmatic recommendations to overcome these barriers if enacted will help increase widespread adoption of AHE systems Lighting systems that comply with the AHE definition range in performance and cost These ranges are predominantly linked to the lighting systemrsquos electrical architecture affecting controls compatibility heat transfer and allowable installation locations system efficiency light quality light output and component cost With recent developments in LED technology and electrical architecture Edison-based replacement lamp performance has improved and cost has reduced dramatically In addition to fixture integrated and GU-24 socket LED lighting solutions it is recommended that the AHE definition include lighting fixtures equipped with Edison sockets and installed with an Edison base source complying with the high-efficacy high-quality requirements If enacted the increased product availability and reduced cost of the Edison-based LED lamps meeting the high-efficacy high-quality requirements will help overcome barriers to the adoption of AHE lighting for residential applications
55
PGampErsquos Emerging Technologies Program ET13PGE1063
APPENDIX A ndash SURVEY QUESTIONS BUILDER SURVEY CONTENT
1 Describe the lighting design process for your team bull What is the primary driver(s) for lighting specification choices (ie cost T24
requirements customer preference fixture availability etc) bull At what point in your design process are appliance or energy codes such as T24
considered bull How often is your initial plan altered in order to comply with T24 requirements
2 What is your typical budget for lighting in a small mid-sized and large home
bull Does the lighting design or technologies used vary depending on the locale or price-point of the home If so how
bull Compared to other building systems how large an impact does lighting have on a homersquos budget (as a percent)
3 How difficult is it to find Title 24 compliant products for each of the following product
categories Not
Difficult Somewhat
Difficult Very
Difficult GU-24 familiarity Integral LEDs vs replacement lamps Quick connects New track lighting requirements
4 How often do homeowners ask for a lighting change after construction is completed
(Never Almost Never Occasionally Often) bull Do they try to replace luminaires with non-compliant alternatives (Never Almost
Never Occasionally Often) 5 What role do the utility companies play in your lighting design decision making process
bull Rebates and Incentives bull Marketing tools bull Other tasks
6 What challenges do you foresee arising that will make AHE compliance difficult
bull Economics ndash price of high efficacy products 90 CRI bull Education ndash does install team need to learn how to install new technologies bull Product availability ndash most products canrsquot be quickly purchased at hardware stores bull Other
7 With integral LED luminaires becoming part of Title 24 compliance do you foresee any
issues with end-users adopting this lighting appliance
56
PGampErsquos Emerging Technologies Program ET13PGE1063
HOMEOWNER SURVEY CONTENT 2 Please compare the lighting in your new home to the lighting in your previous home Do
you think that each of the following aspects of lighting is better worse or the same in your new home
Better Worse The same I donrsquot know I like the color of the lighthellip The light levels in the space arehellip Objects under the light lookhellip The aesthetic of the fixtures arehellip The lighting controllability ishellip The glare of the lighting ishellip
3 Rate your satisfaction with the AHE lighting in each room type in your new home Use
the following scale 1 Extremely dissatisfied 2 Dissatisfied 2 No difference in satisfaction from lighting in last home 3 Satisfied 4 Extremely satisfied
bull Kitchen 1 2 3 4 5 bull Bathroom 1 2 3 4 5 bull Common Living Spaces 1 2 3 4 5 bull Bedrooms 1 2 3 4 5 bull Dining Room 1 2 3 4 5 bull Garage 1 2 3 4 5
4 What type of lighting did you use in your previous home Circle all that apply a Linear fluorescent b Incandescent c CFLs d LEDs e Other _______________ f I donrsquot know
5 For one standard residential screw-base light fixture what is the most that you would
be willing to pay for a single light bulb
a $1-5 b $6-10 c $11-15 d $16+
6 Rate your familiarity with the following topics Use the following scale
1 I have never heard of it before 2 I have heard of this but am not sure exactly what it means
57
PGampErsquos Emerging Technologies Program ET13PGE1063
3 I am familiar with this concept but not an expert 4 I am an expert when it comes to this concept
bull GU-24 based lamps 1 2 3 4 bull LED replacement lamps 1 2 3 4 bull Integral LED luminaires 1 2 3 4 bull Adaptive lighting controls 1 2 3 4 bull Color Rendering Index 1 2 3 4 bull Correlated Color Temperature 1 2 3 4
7 How important to you is the ability to maintain your own lighting within your home
(Replace burnt-out light bulbsfixtures repair or replace controls etc) 1 Not at all important I can pay a technician to do those tasks 2 Important that I can replace light bulbs only 3 Important that I can replace light bulbs and ballastsdriversassociated
electronics 4 Important that I can perform any maintenance task necessary
58
PGampErsquos Emerging Technologies Program ET13PGE1063
APPENDIX B ndash AHE COMPLIANT PRODUCTS
CEILING-MOUNTED RECESSED LUMINAIRESCEILING-MOUNTED RECESSED LUMINAIRES
PRODUCT CCT CRI WATTSEFFICACY
(Lumens Watt)
Cree LED Lighting
4 ROUND DOWNLIGHT KR4-9L-27K-V KR4T-SSGC-
2700 K 90 13 W 50
Dasal Architectural Lighting
QUADRA LED TRIM 2-500--BRO-FL-9027-800
3000 K 95 12 W 52
Dasal Architectural Lighting STAR LITE XIC LED TRIM 2-167-01-BRO-FL-9027-800
2700 K 91 12 W 51
Designers Fountain
6 DIMMABLE LED6741A30
3000 K 95 14 W 61
dmf Lighting
4 5 6 LED DRD2M10927
2700 K 90 15 W 67
Elite Lighting
4 LED RETROFIT MODULE RL428-650L-DIMTR-120-30K-90-W-WH
3000 K 90 11 W 61
Energy Savings Technology
2 ADJUSTABLE LED DL2-D3
2964 K 92 15 W 55
Fahrenheit Lighting
6LED DME8927
2700 K 90 13 W 62
Halo Eatons Cooper Lighting business
NARROW FLOOD LIGHT RA406927NFLWH
2700 K 90 10 W 69
2013 TITLE 24 PART 626
Iris Products
35 APERTURE P3LED09FL40927E-E3MRC
2700 K 90 15 W 45
Liton
6 GU24 LED REFLECTOR LRELD602C-L10-T27
2700 K 85 12 W 48
MaxLite
6 RETROFIT RR61227WC
2700 K 81 12 W 63
Mini LED MultiSpot
MULTI-SPOT LIGHT MT-3LD11NA-F930-
3000 K 90 11 W 59
Portfolio
4 NEW CONSTRUCTION LD4AD010TE099274LM0H
3000 K 90 15 W 46
Prescolite (A Division of Hubbell Lighting)
6 NEW amp EXISTING CONSTRUCTION LB6LEDA10L27K9 BL
3500 K 83 12 W 66
Progress Lighting
6 DOWNLIGHT P8071-30K9-L10
3000 K 83 12 W 66
Tech Lighting
3 FIXED DOWNLIGHT E3W-LH927
2700 K 92 17 W 63
Tech Lighting
4 ADJUSTABLE DOWNLIGHT E4W-LH930--277
3000 K 93 31 W 66
PRODUCT CCT CRI WATTSEFFICACY (Lumens Watt)
27HIGH-EFFICACY RESIDENTIAL LIGHTING
CEILING-MOUNTED SURFACE LUMINAIRES
PRODUCT CCT CRI WATTSEFFICACY (Lumens Watt)
Hinkley Lighting
HADLEY 3301-LED
2700 K 90 32 W 65
Hinkley Lighting
BRANTLEY 4631-LED
2700 K 90 32 W 65
Hinkley Lighting
BOLLA 5551-LED
2700 K 90 32 W 65
Hinkley Lighting
FLUSH MOUNT 5551-LED
2700 K 96 32 W 60
Permlight
12 ROUND CLIPS FLUSH MOUNT XXX-5545
2700 K 90 26 W 64
Permlight
12 SQUARE FLUSH MOUNT XXX-5555
2700 K 90 26 W 64
Permlight
12 SQUARE FRAMED FLUSH MOUNT XXX-5565
2700 K 90 26 W 64
Permlight
CYLINDER FLUSH MOUNT XXX-6100
2700 K 90 13 W 64
Permlight
RECTANGLE FLUSH MOUNT XXX-6115
2700 K 90 13 W 64
2013 TITLE 24 PART 628
CEILING-MOUNTED SUSPENDED LUMINAIRES
PRODUCT CCT CRI WATTSEFFICACY (Lumens Watt)
Fredrick Ramond
MAPLE LOFT FR35002MPL
2700 K 90 6 W 45
Fredrick Ramond
WALNUT LOFT FR35018WAL
2700 K 90 6 W 45
Fredrick Ramond
CHERRY LOFT FR35027CHY
2700 K 90 6 W 45
Fredrick Ramond
BAMBOO ZEN FR46208BAM
2700 K 90 6 W 45
Hinkley Lighting
HATHAWAY 3220-LED
2700 K 90 32 W 60
Hinkley Lighting
ZELDA 3441-L720
2700 K 90 32 W 60
Hinkley Lighting
BOLLA 4651-LED
2700 K 90 32 W 60
29HIGH-EFFICACY RESIDENTIAL LIGHTING
WALL-MOUNTED LUMINAIRES
PRODUCT CCT CRI WATTSEFFICACY (Lumens Watt)
Hinkley Lighting
LEX 2714
2700 K 90 15 W 53
Hinkley Lighting
LANZA 5590-LED
2700 K 90 8 W 60
Hinkley Lighting
LATITUDE 5650-LED
2700 K 90 8 W 60
Permlight
SMALL RECTANGLE XXX-0910
2700 K 90 13 W 64
Permlight
SMALL CYLINDER XXX-0940
2700 K 90 13 W 64
Permlight
TRIANGLE WALL SCONCE XXX-1141
2700 K 90 13 W 64
Permlight
LARGE CYLINDER XXX-1411
2700 K 90 26 W 64
Permlight
SMALL CROSS WINDOW XXX-7285
2700 K 90 13 W 64
2013 TITLE 24 PART 630
UNDERCABINET LUMINAIRES
PRODUCT CCT CRI WATTSEFFICACY (Lumens Watt)
Aion LED
A-TRACK LIGHT ENGINE 3924-29-
2950 K 92 1 W 80
Diode LED
AVENUE 24 PREMIUM LED TAPE DI-24V-AV50-90
5000 K 90 2 W 85
EcoSense
48 ECOSPEC LINEAR LCILH-12-27-120-120
4000 K 90 3 W 58
EcoSense
12 ECOSPEC LINEAR LCISH-12-27-120-120
4000 K 90 4 W 55
Nora Lighting
6 LED LIGHT BAR NULB-6LED9
3000 K 90 3 W 38
Tech Lighting
UNILUME LED LIGHT BAR 700UCRD07930-LED
3000 K 91 4 W 74
Tech Lighting
UNILUME LED MICRO CHANNEL 700UMCD304930
3000 K 90 13 W 63
WAC Lighting
INVISLED PRO2 LED-TX2427-
2700 K 90 4 W 81
31HIGH-EFFICACY RESIDENTIAL LIGHTING
VANITY LUMINAIRES
PRODUCT CCT CRI WATTSEFFICACY (Lumens Watt)
Hinkley Lighting
DARIA 3-LED 55483-LED
2700 K 90 24 W 60
Hinkley Lighting
DARIA 3-LED 55484-LED
2700 K 90 32 W 60
Hinkley Lighting
MERIDIAN 3-LED 5593-LED
2700 K 90 24 W 60
Hinkley Lighting
DUET 2-LED 5612-LED
2700 K 90 16 W 60
Hinkley Lighting
DUET 5-LED 5615-LED
2700 K 90 40 W 60
Hinkley Lighting
LATITUDE 4-LED 5654-LED
2700 K 90 32 W 60
Hinkley Lighting
DAPHNE 2-LED 5922-LED
2700 K 90 16 W 60
Hinkley Lighting
DAPHNE 5-LED 5925-LED
2700 K 90 40 W 60
2013 TITLE 24 PART 632
PGampErsquos Emerging Technologies Program ET13PGE1063
APPENDIX C ndash MEASUREMENT AND DATA COLLECTION EQUIPMENT SPECIFICATIONS
Revenue-grade Energy and Power MetersThe WattNode Revenue meters are designed for use in applications where revenue-grade or utility-grade accu-racy is required The WattNode Revenue meters meet the accuracy requirements of ANSI C121 and support Modbusreg BACnetreg or LonTalkreg communications proto-cols or a pulse output
The WatttNode Revenue marks a new level of per-formance for the WattNode brand of electric power meters The WattNode Revenue electric power meters are optimized for tenant submetering in residential and commercial spaces PV energy generation metering UMCS metering on military bases and more
The WattNode Revenue meters are designed for 120208 and 277480 Vac applications For ANSI C121 accuracy current transformers compliant with IEEE C5713 Class 06 are required Each meter is calibrated using NIST traceable equipment following the procedures
reg reg reg
WATTNODE REVENUE for BACnet
WATTNODE REVENUE for Modbus
WATTNODE REVENUE for LonWorks
WATTNODE REVENUE Pulse
CURRENT TRANSFORMERS
New
ANSI C12 Load Performance Test - RWNC-3Y-208-MB WattNode Revenue
Current (Percent of Fullscale)
Ener
gy (P
erce
nt R
egis
trat
ion)
1 2 3 10 15 30 50 75 90 100
1020
1015
1010
1005
1000
995
990
985
980
C121 Limit
C121 Limit
RWNC-3Y-208-MB
1
19 SymbolsRead understand and follow all instructions including warnings and precautions before installing and using the product
Potential Shock Hazard from Dangerous High Voltage
Functional ground should be connected to earth ground if possible but is not required for safety grounding
UL Listing mark This shows the UL and cUL (Canadian) listing mark
FCC Mark This logo indicates compliance with part 15 of the FCC rules
Complies with the regulations of the European Union for Product Safety and Electro-Magnetic Compatibilitybull Low Voltage Directive ndash EN 61010-1 2001bull EMC Directive ndash EN 61327 1997 + A11998 + A22001
V~ This indicates an AC voltage
2 OverviewCongratulations on your purchase of the WattNodereg Pulse wattwatt-hour trans-ducer The WattNode meter enables you to make power and energy measure-ments within electric service panels avoiding the costly installation of subpanels and associated wiring It is designed for use in demand side management (DSM) submetering and energy monitoring applications
21 Additional LiteratureSee the Continental Control Systems LLC website (wwwccontrolsyscom)for product pages datasheets and support pages for all WattNode meter mod-els and current transformers Each WattNode model has an Operating and Reference Guide with detailed information on the available measurements and interface
22 Electrical Service TypesTable 1 above lists the WattNode models and common circuit types In the ldquoElectrical Service Typesrdquo column when two voltages are listed with a slash between them they indicate the line-to-neutral line-to-line voltages The ldquoLine-to-Neutralrdquo and ldquoLine-to-Linerdquo columns show the operating ranges for the WattNode meters
Connect the line voltages to the meter inputs as shown in the following figures for each service type See Figure 1 above for an overview
Ground
WH
ITE
BLA
CK
OslashB CT
OslashC CT
OslashA CT
OslashB
OslashC
N
OslashA
GND or CommonInput or Positive
Monitoring Equip-ment or Display
P1P2P3
COM
Out
put
Status
Status
Status
WATTNODEreg PULSE
WNB-WNB- -P
-P
Neutral
Phase A
Phase B
Phase C
LOA
D
WHITEBLACK
WH
ITE
BLA
CK
LINE
SourceFaces
CurrentTransformers
3Y-xxx3D-xxx
Figure 1 WattNode Wiring Diagram
ElectricalService (or Load) Types
Line-to-Neutral (Vac)
Line-to-Line(Vac)
WattNode Service
Type
MeterPowered
by1 Phase 2 Wire 120V with neutral 96 ndash 138 na 3Y-208 N and OslashA1 Phase 2 Wire 230V with neutral (non-US) 184 ndash 264 na 3Y-400 N and OslashA1 Phase 2 Wire 277V with neutral 222 ndash 318 na 3Y-480 N and OslashA1 Phase 2 Wire 208V no neutral na 166 ndash 276 3D-240 OslashA and OslashB1 Phase 2 Wire 240V no neutral na 166 ndash 276 3D-240 OslashA and OslashB
1 Phase 3 Wire 120V240V with neutral 96 ndash 138 166 ndash 2763Y-208 N and OslashA3D-240 OslashA and OslashB
3 Phase 3 Wire Delta 208V no neutral na 166 ndash 276 3D-240 OslashA and OslashB3 Phase 3 Wire Delta 400V no neutral (non-US) na 320 ndash 460 3D-400 OslashA and OslashB3 Phase 3 Wire Delta 480V no neutral na 384 ndash 552 3D-480 OslashA and OslashB
3 Phase 4 Wire Wye 120V208V with neutral 96 ndash 138 166 ndash 2763Y-208 N and OslashA3D-240 OslashA and OslashB
3 Phase 4 Wire Delta 120208240V with neutral 96 ndash 138 166 ndash 276 3D-240 OslashA and OslashB3 Phase 4 Wire Wye 230V400V with neutral (non-US) 184 ndash 264 320 ndash 460
3Y-400 N and OslashA3D-400 OslashA and OslashB
3 Phase 4 Wire Wye 277V480V with neutral 222 ndash 318 384 ndash 5523Y-480 N and OslashA3D-480 OslashA and OslashB
3 Phase 4 Wire Delta 240415480V with neutral 222 ndash 318 384 ndash 552 3D-480 OslashA and OslashB3 Phase 4 Wire Wye 347V600V with neutral 278 ndash 399 480 ndash 690 3Y-600 N and OslashA
Table 1 WattNode Models
WATTNODE reg PULSEand
WATTNODEreg REVENUEElectric Power MeterInstallation Manual
Series - Service - Interface Options______ - _______ - ________
3Y-2083Y-4003Y-4803Y-6003D-2403D-4003D-480
P = Pulse
See website for options
WNB = Second generationRWNB = Revenue second generation
1 Precautions11 Only qualified personnel or licensed electri-
cians should install the WattNode meter The mains voltages of 120 to 600 Vac can be lethal
12 Follow all applicable local and national electri-cal and safety codes
13 The terminal block screws are not insulated Do not contact metal tools to the screw termi-nals if the circuit is live
14 Verify that circuit voltages and currents are within the proper range for the meter model
15 Use only UL listed or UL recognized current transformers (CTs) with built-in burden resis-tors that generate 0333 Vac (333 millivolts AC) at rated current Do not use current output (ratio) CTs such as 1 amp or 5 amp output CTs they will destroy the meter and may create a shock hazard
16 Protect the line voltage inputs to the meter with fuses or circuit breakers (not needed for the neutral or ground wires) See 331 below
17 Equipment must be disconnected from the HAZARDOUS LIVE voltages before access
18 If the meter is not installed correctly the safety protections may be impaired
2
221 Single-Phase Two-Wire with NeutralThis is a common residential and branch circuit connection Up to three such circuits may be monitored with one meter by also using the OslashB and OslashC inputs
Ground
OslashB
OslashC
N
OslashA
WATTN
OD
Ereg
NeutralLine
222 Single-Phase Two-Wire No NeutralThis circuit occurs in residential (commonly 120240 Vac) and some commercial applications The meter is powered from the OslashA and OslashB terminals We recom-mend connecting the N terminal to ground to provide a clean voltage reference for the measurement circuitry (no current will flow through this terminal)
Ground
OslashB
OslashC
N
OslashA
WATTN
OD
Ereg
L1L2
223 Single-Phase Three-Wire with NeutralThis is a common residential service at 120240 Vac
Ground
OslashB
OslashC
N
OslashA
WATTN
OD
Ereg
NeutralL1L2
224 Three-Phase Three-Wire Delta No NeutralThis is common in commercial and industrial settings In some cases the service may be four-wire wye but the load may only be three wire (no neutral)
Occasionally a load will only be connected to two of the three lines (say L1 and L2) For this case connect the two active lines to the OslashA and OslashB terminals and connect two CTs for the two lines
Ground
OslashB
OslashC
N
OslashA
WATTN
OD
Ereg
L1L2L3
225 Three-Phase Four-Wire Wye with NeutralThis is a common commercial and industrial service
Ground
OslashB
OslashC
N
OslashA
WATTN
OD
Ereg
NeutralL1L2L3
226 Three-Phase Four-Wire Delta with Neutral (Wild Leg)The uncommon four-wire delta electrical service is a three-phase delta service with a center-tap on one of the transformer windings to create a neutral for single-phase loads
The high-leg or phase with the higher voltage as measured to neutral has tra-ditionally been designated ldquoPhase Brdquo A change to the 2008 NEC now allows the high leg of a four-wire three-phase delta service to be labeled as the ldquoCrdquo phase instead of the ldquoBrdquo phase The WattNode meter will work correctly with the high-leg connected to OslashA OslashB or OslashC
See the web article Four Wire Delta Circuits for more information
Ground
OslashB
OslashC
N
OslashA
WATTN
OD
Ereg
NeutralL1L2L3
227 Grounded Leg ServiceIn rare cases with delta services or single-phase two-wire services without neutral one of the phases may be grounded
The WattNode meter will correctly measure services with a grounded leg but the measured voltage and power for the grounded phase will be zero and the status LEDs (if present) will not light for the grounded phase because the volt-age is near zero Also this type of service may result in unusual power factors
See the web article Grounded Leg Services for more information
3 Installation31 Installation ChecklistSee the sections referenced below for installation details
Mount the WattNode meter (see 32)Turn off power before making line voltage connectionsConnect circuit breakers or fuses and disconnects (see 331)Connect the line voltage wires to the meterrsquos green terminal block (see 332)Mount the CTs around the line conductors Make sure the CTs face the source (see 34)Connect the twisted white and black wires from the CTs to the black terminal block on the meter matching the wire colors to the white and black dots on the meter label (see 341)Check that the CT phases match the line voltage phases (see 34)Record the CT rated current for each meter because it will be required during commissioningConnect the output terminals of the WattNode meter to the monitoring equipment (see 35)Check that all the wires are securely installed in the terminal blocks by tugging on each wireApply power to the meterVerify that the LEDs indicate correct operation (see 42)
32 MountingProtect the meter from temperatures below ndash30degC (-22degF) or above 55degC (131degF) excessive moisture dust salt spray or other contamination using a NEMA rated enclosure if necessary The meter requires an environment no worse than pollution degree 2 (normally only non-conductive pollution occasionally a temporary conductivity caused by condensation)The meter must be installed in an electrical service panel an enclosure or a limited access electrical roomDo not use the meter as a drilling guide the drill chuck can damage the screw terminals and metal shavings may fall into the connectors
The meter has two mounting holes spaced 1366 mm (5375 in) apart (center-to-center) These mounting holes are normally obscured by the detachable screw terminals Remove the screw terminals to mark the hole positions and mount the meter
Self-tapping 8 sheet metal screws are included Donrsquot over-tighten the screws as long-term stress on the case can cause cracking
33 Connect Voltage Terminals331 Circuit ProtectionThe WattNode meter is considered ldquopermanently connected equipmentrdquo and requires a disconnect means (circuit breaker switch or disconnect) and over-current protection (fuse or circuit breaker)
The meter only draws 10-30 milliamps so the rating of any switches discon-nects fuses andor circuit breakers is determined by the wire gauge the mains voltage and the current interrupting rating required
3
The switch disconnect or circuit breaker must be as close as practicable to the meter and must be easy to operateUse circuit breakers or fuses rated for 20 amps or lessUse ganged circuit breakers when monitoring more than one line voltageThe circuit breakers or fuses must protect the mains terminals labeled OslashA OslashB and OslashC If neutral is also protected then the overcurrent protec-tion device must interrupt both neutral and the ungrounded conductors simultaneouslyThe circuit protection disconnect system must meet IEC 60947-1 and IEC 60947-3 as well as all national and local electrical codes
332 Line WiringAlways disconnect power before connecting the line voltage inputs to the meterFor the line voltage wires CCS recommends 16 to 12 AWG stranded wire type THHN MTW or THWN 600 VDo not place more than one voltage wire in a screw terminal use separate wire nuts or terminal blocks if neededVerify that the line voltages match the line-to-line Oslash-Oslash and line-to-neutral Oslash-N values printed in the white box on the front label
Connect each line voltage to the appropriate phase also connect ground and neutral (if applicable) The neutral connection ldquoNldquo is not required on delta mod-els (3D-240 3D-400 and 3D-480) but we recommend connecting it to ground if neutral is not present
The screw terminals handle wire up to 12 AWG Connect each voltage line to the green terminal block as shown in Figure 1 above After the voltage lines have been connected make sure both terminal blocks are fully seated in the meter
When power is first applied check that the LEDs behave normally on models with status LEDs if you see them flashing red-green-red-green (see Figure 7) the line voltage is too high for this model so disconnect the power immediately
333 GroundingThe WattNode uses a plastic enclosure insulation and internal isolation bar-riers instead of protective earthing The ground terminal on the green screw terminal block is a functional ground designed to improve the measurement accuracy and noise immunity If necessary this terminal may be left discon-nected on wye models (-3Y)
34 Connect Current TransformersTo meet the UL listing requirements the WattNode meter may only be used with the following UL listed or UL recognized voltage output current transformer models These all generate 33333 millivolts AC at rated current See the cur-rent transformer datasheets for CT ratings
ACT-0750-xxx CTL-1250-xxx CTM-0360-xxxCTS-0750-xxx CTS-1250-xxx CTS-2000-xxxxCTB-wwwXhhh-xxxx CTBL-wwwXhhh-xxxx CTT-0300-xxxCTT-0500-xxx CTT-0750-xxx CTT-1000-xxxCTT-1250-xxx
ldquoxxxrdquo indicates the full scale current ratingldquowwwrdquo and ldquohhhrdquo indicate the width and height in inchesldquoddddrdquo indicates the opening diameter of the loop for flexible Rogowski CTs
See the web article Selecting Current Transformers for information on se-lecting appropriate current transformers (CTs)
Do not use ratio or current output CTs such as 1 amp or 5 amp output modelsSee the CT datasheets for the maximum input current ratingsBe careful to match the CTs with the voltage phases Make sure the OslashA CTis measuring the current on the same phase being monitored by OslashA and the same for phases B and C Use the supplied colored labels or colored tape to identify the CT leadsTo minimize current measurement noise avoid extending the CT wires especially in noisy environments If it is necessary to extend the wires use twisted pair wire 22 to 14 AWG rated for 300 V or 600 V (not less than the service voltage) and shielded if possibleFind the source arrow or label ldquoTHIS SIDE TOWARD SOURCErdquo on the CT and facepoint toward the source of currentOPTIONAL if you see spurious readings on unused phases jumper the unused CT inputs for each unused CT connect a short wire from the terminal marked with a white dot to the terminal marked with a black dot
To install the CTs pass the conductor to be measured through the CT and con-nect the CT leads to the meter Always remove power before disconnecting any live conductors Put the line conductors through the CTs as shown in Figure 1 above
CTs are directional If they are mounted backwards or with their white and black wires swapped the measured power will be negative The status LEDs indicate negative measured power by flashing red
Split-core CTs can be opened for installation around a conductor A nylon cable tie may be secured around the CT to prevent inadvertent opening
341 CT WiringConnect the white and black CT wires to the meter terminals marked OslashA CTOslashB CT and OslashC CT (see Figure 1 above) Excess length may be trimmed from the wires if desired The current transformers connect to the six position black screw terminal block Connect each CT with the white wire aligned with the white dot on the label and the black wire aligned with the black dot Note the order in which the phases are connected as the line voltage phases mustmatch the current phases for accurate power measurement
35 Connect the Output SignalsThe meter outputs are isolated from dangerous voltages so you can con-nect them at any timeIf the output wiring is near line voltage wiring use wires or cables with a 300 V or 600 V rating (not less than the service voltage)If the output wiring is near bare conductors it should be double insulated or jacketedYou may install two wires into each screw terminal by twisting the wires to-gether inserting them into terminal and securely tightening Note a loose wire can disable an entire network section Use twisted-pair cable (unshielded or shielded) to prevent interference
351 WattNode Pulse OutputsUse the following directions when connecting the pulse outputs of a WattNode Pulse meter
The outputs P1 P2 and P3 should not be connected to negative voltages or to voltages greater than +60 VdcFor long distances use shielded twisted-pair cable to prevent interference With shielded cable connect the shield to earth ground at one endIf you need to add pull-up resistors see the Operating and Reference Guide
The WattNode pulse outputs may be connected to most devices that expect a contact closure or relay input See the Operating and Reference Guide for more complex connection information
Common (or GND)Input (Positive)
Monitoring Equipment or Display
Input (Positive)Input (Positive)
P1P2P3
COM
Out
put
WATTNODE
The following table shows the pulse output channel assignments for the stan-dard bidirectional outputs and for the optional per-phase outputs (Option P3)
PulseOutputs
P1Output
P2Output
P3Output
Standard Outputs - Bidirectional
Positive energy - all phases
Negative energy - all phases Not used
Option P3Per-Phase Outputs
Phase A positive energy
Phase B positive energy
Phase C positive energy
Option PVPhotovoltaic
Phase A+B pos energy
Phase A+B neg energy
Phase C positive energy
Option DPO Dual Positive Outputs
Positive energy - all phases
Negative energy - all phases
Positive energy - all phases
Table 2 Pulse Output Assignments
4
4 Operation41 Initial ConfigurationFor WattNode Pulse meters the only required configuration will be in the data logger or pulse counting device which must be configured with the correct scale factors to convert from pulses to energy (kWh)
For details on configuring the WattNode meter see the appropriate Operating and Reference Guide for your model
The meter does not include a display or buttons so it is not possible to configure or monitor the meter directly other than the basic LED diagnostics described below
42 Power Status LEDsThe three status LEDs on the front of the meter can help indicate correct opera-tion The ldquoArdquo ldquoBrdquo and ldquoCrdquo on the diagrams indicate the three phases
421 Normal StartupThe meter displays the following startup sequence whenever power is first applied
10sec10sec10sec
GreenYellowRed
GreenYellowRed
GreenYellowRed
CBA
422 Positive PowerAny phase with the LEDs flashing green is indicating normal positive power
Green Off Green Off Green Off
423 No PowerAny phase with a solid green LED indicates no power but line voltage is pres-ent
Green
424 No VoltageAny phase LED that is off indicates no voltage on that phase
Off
425 Negative PowerRed flashing indicates negative power for that phase Reversed CTs swapped CT wires or CTs not matched with line voltage phases can cause this
Red Off Red Off Red OffC
426 Overvoltage WarningThe following indicates that the line voltage is too high for this model Discon-nect power immediately Check the line voltages and the meter ratings (in the white box on the label)
10sec
GR GR GR GR GR GR
GR GR GR GR GR GR
GR GR GR GR GR GRCBA
427 Meter Not OperatingIf none of the LEDs light then check that the correct line voltages are applied to the meter If the voltages are correct call customer service for assistance
Off
Off
Off
CBA
428 WattNode ErrorIf the meter experiences an internal error it will light all LEDs red for three or more seconds If you see this happen repeatedly return the meter for service
30sec
Red
Red
Red
CBA
For other LED patterns see the Operating and Reference Guide or contact support for assistance
43 MonitoringThe meter does not include a display or buttons so it is not possible to oper-ate the meter directly The following is a brief overview of the possible remote monitoring
The WattNode Pulse models uses optoisolator outputs that simulate contact closures These are generally connected to a datalogger or similar monitor-ing device which can count pulses to measure energy See the Operating and Reference Guide for equations to scale pulse counts and frequencies to energy and power
44 Maintenance and RepairThe WattNode meter requires no maintenance It is not user serviceable and there are no replaceable parts except the pluggable screw terminals There are no diagnostic tests that can be performed by the user other than checking for errors via the status LEDs
In the event of any failure the meter must be returned for service (contact CCS for an RMA) For a new installation follow the diagnostic and troubleshooting instructions in the Operating and Reference Guide before returning the meter for service to ensure that the problem is not connection related
The WattNode meter should not normally need to be cleaned but if cleaning is desired power must be disconnected first and a dry or damp cloth or brush should be used
5 SpecificationsThe following is a list of basic specifications For extended specifications see the Operating and Reference Guide
51 AccuracyThe following accuracy specifications do not include errors caused by the cur-rent transformer accuracy or phase angle errors ldquoRated currentrdquo is the current that generates a CT output voltage of 033333 Vac
511 Normal OperationLine voltage -20 to +15 of nominalPower factor 10Frequency 48 - 62 HzAmbient Temperature 23degC plusmn 5degCCT Current 5 - 100 of rated current
Accuracy plusmn05 of reading
For accuracy at other conditions see the reference guide
52 MeasurementUpdate Rate Internally all measurements are performed at this rate
~200 millisecondsStart-Up Time the meter starts measuring powerenergy and reporting mea-surements or generating pulses this long after AC voltage is applied
~500 millisecondsDefault CT Phase Angle Correction 00 degrees
5
53 Models and Electrical SpecificationsThe service ldquo3Y-208rdquo applies to the model WNB-3Y-208-P RWNB-3Y-208-Pand so on for the other service types
Service Nominal Vac Line-to-Neutral
Nominal Vac Line-to-Line Phases Wires
3Y-208 120 208ndash240 1 - 3 2 - 43Y-400 230 400 1 - 3 2 - 43Y-480 277 480 1 - 3 2 - 43Y-600 347 600 1 - 3 2 - 43D-240 120 208ndash240 1 - 3 2 - 43D-400 230 400 3 2 - 43D-480 277 480 3 2 - 4
Table 3 WattNode Model Service Types
for measuring wye circuits In the absence of neutral voltages are measured with respect to ground Delta WattNode models use the phase A and phase B connections for power
Over-Voltage Limit 125 of nominal Vac Extended over-voltage operation can damage the WattNode and void the warranty
Over-Current Limit 120 of rated current Exceeding 120 of rated cur-rent will not harm the WattNode meter but the current and power will not be measured accurately
Maximum Surge 4kV according to EN 61000-4-5Power Consumption The following tables shows maximum volt-amperes the power supply ranges typical power consumption and typical power fac-tor values with all three phases powered at nominal line voltages The power supply draws most of the total power consumed while the measurement circuitry draws 1-10 of the total (6-96 milliwatts per phase depending on the model) Due to the design of the power supply WattNode meters draw slightly more power at 50 Hz
Service Rated VA (1)
Power Supply Range (Vac)
Power Supply Terminals
3Y-208 4 VA 96 ndash 138 N and OslashA3Y-400 4 VA 184 ndash 264 N and OslashA3Y-480 4 VA 222 ndash 318 N and OslashA3Y-600 4 VA 278 ndash 399 N and OslashA3D-240 4 VA 166 ndash 276 OslashA and OslashB3D-400 3 VA 320 ndash 460 OslashA and OslashB3D-480 3 VA 384 ndash 552 OslashA and OslashB
Table 4 Service Volt-Amperes and Power Supply Range(1) Rated VA is the maximum at 115 of nominal Vac at 50 Hz This
is the same as the value that appears on the front label of the meter
Service Real Power (60 Hz)
Real Power (50 Hz)
Power Factor
3Y-208 16 W 18 W 0753Y-400 16 W 18 W 0643Y-480 21 W 24 W 0633Y-600 12 W 12 W 0473D-240 17 W 19 W 0633D-400 14 W 15 W 0473D-480 18 W 22 W 053
Table 5 Power Consumption
Maximum Power Supply Voltage Range -20 to +15 of nominal (see table above) For the 3D-240 service this is -20 of 208 Vac (166 Vac) to +15 of 240 Vac (276 Vac)
Operating Frequencies 5060 HzMeasurement Category CAT IIIMeasurement category III is for measurements performed in the building installation Examples are measurements on distribution boards circuit-breakers wiring including cables bus-bars junction boxes switches sock-et-outlets in the fixed installation and equipment for industrial use and some
other equipment for example stationary motors with permanent connection to the fixed installation
The line voltage measurement terminals on the meter are rated for the fol-lowing CAT III voltages (these ratings appear on the front label)
Service CAT III Voltage Rating3Y-2083D-240 240 Vac
3Y-4003D-400 400 Vac
3Y-4803D-480 480 Vac
3Y-600 600 VacTable 6 WattNode CAT III Ratings
Current Transformer InputsNominal Input Voltage (At CT Rated Current) 033333 Vac RMSAbsolute Maximum Input Voltage 50 Vac RMSInput Impedance at 5060 Hz
54 Pulse OutputsFull-Scale Pulse FrequenciesStandard (All Models) 400 HzCustom (Bidirectional) 001 Hz to 600 HzCustom (Option P3 Option PV Option DPO) 001 Hz to 150 Hz
Absolute Maximum Pulse Output FrequenciesStandard Models (Bidirectional) 900 HzOption P3 Option PV Option DPO 200 Hz
Output Waveform square-wave ~50 duty cycleOption PW programmable pulse ON (closed or conducting period 1 to 65535 milliseconds
Optoisolator OutputsIsolation 5000 Vac RMSBreakdown Voltage (collectorndashemitter) 60 V (exceeding this may destroy the outputs)
Maximum Reverse Voltage (emitter-collector) 5 Vdc (exceeding may destroy the outputs)
Maximum Leakage (OFF) Current (collectorndashemitter) 100 nARecommended Load Current (collectorndashemitter)mA (milliamp)
Maximum Load Current ~8 mA
55 CertificationsSafety
UL 61010-1CANCSA-C222 No 61010-1-04IEC 61010-1
Immunity EN 61326 2002 (Industrial Locations)Electrostatic Discharge EN 61000-4-2Radiated RF Immunity EN 61000-4-3Electrical Fast Transient Burst EN 61000-4-4Surge Immunity EN 61000-4-5Conducted RF Immunity EN 61000-4-6Voltage Dips Interrupts EN 61000-4-11
EmissionsFCC Part 15 Class BEN 55022 1994 Class B
56 EnvironmentalOperating Temperature -30degC to +55degC (-22degF to 131degF)Altitude Up to 2000 m (6560 ft)Operating Humidity non-condensing 5 to 90 relative humidity (RH) up to 40degC decreasing linearly to 50 RH at 55degC
Pollution POLLUTION DEGREE 2 - Normally only non-conductive pollu-tion occasionally a temporary conductivity caused by condensation must be expected
Indoor Use Suitable for indoor use
6
Outdoor Use Suitable for outdoor use if mounted inside an electrical enclo-sure (Hammond Mfg Type EJ Series) rated NEMA 3R or 4 (IP 66)
57 MechanicalEnclosure High impact ABSPC plasticFlame Resistance Rating UL 94V-0 IEC FV-0Size 153 mm times 85 mm times 38 mm (602 in times 335 in times 150 in)
Connectors Euroblock pluggable terminal blocksGreen up to 12 AWG (25 mm2) 600 VBlack up to 12 AWG (25 mm2) 300 V
58 FCC InformationThis equipment has been tested and complies with the limits for a Class B digital device pursuant to part 15 of the FCC Rules Operation is subject to the following two conditions (1) This device may not cause harmful interference and (2) this device must accept any interference received including interfer-ence that may cause undesired operation
The FCC limits are designed to provide reasonable protection against harmful interference in a residential installation This equipment generates uses and can radiate radio frequency energy and if not installed and used in accordance with the instructions may cause harmful interference to radio communications However there is no guarantee that interference will not occur in a particular installation If this equipment does cause harmful interference to radio or televi-sion reception which can be determined by turning the equipment off and on the user is encouraged to try to correct the interference by one or more of the following measures
Reorient or relocate the receiving antennaIncrease the separation between the equipment and receiverConnect the equipment into an outlet on a circuit different from that to which the receiver is connectedConsult the dealer or an experienced radioTV technician for help
59 WarrantyAll products sold by Continental Control Systems LLC (CCS) are guaranteed against defects in material and workmanship for a period of five years from the original date of shipment CCSrsquos responsibility is limited to repair replace-ment or refund any of which may be selected by CCS at its sole discretion CCS reserves the right to substitute functionally equivalent new or serviceable used parts
WattNode Logger models include a lithium battery to preserve the date and time during power failures CCS will replace or provide a replacement battery at no charge if the battery fails within five years from the original date of shipment
This warranty covers only defects arising under normal use and does not in-clude malfunctions or failures resulting from misuse neglect improper appli-cation improper installation water damage acts of nature lightning product modifications alterations or repairs by anyone other than CCS
Except as set forth herein CCS makes no warranties expressed or im-plied and CCS disclaims and negates all other warranties including without limitation implied warranties of merchantability and fitness for a particular purpose
510 Limitation of LiabilityIn no event shall CCS be liable for any indirect special incidental puni-tive or consequential damages of any kind or nature arising out of the sale or use of its products whether such liability is asserted on the basis of contract tort or otherwise including without limitation lost profits even if CCS has been advised of the possibility of such damages
Customer acknowledges that CCSrsquos aggregate liability to Customer relat-ing to or arising out of the sale or use of CCSrsquos products whether such liability is asserted on the basis of contract tort or otherwise shall not exceed the purchase price paid by Customer for the products in respect of which damages are claimed Customer specifically acknowledges that CCSrsquos price for the products is based upon the limitations of CCSrsquos liability set forth herein
copy2009-2013 Continental Control Systems LLCDocument Number WN-Inst-P-101Revision Date April 18 2013Continental Control Systems LLC3131 Indian Rd Boulder CO 80301 USA(303) 444-7422 httpwwwccontrolsyscombull WattNode is a registered trademark of Continental Control Systems LLC
httpwwwccontrolsyscom Rev V17b
Continental Control Systems LLC
(M5)
WATTNODE reg PULSEInstallation and Operation Manual
WNB-3Y-208-P
WNB-3Y-400-P
WNB-3Y-480-P
WNB-3Y-600-P
WNB-3D-240-P
WNB-3D-400-P
WNB-3D-480-P
2
Information in this document is subject to change without notice
copy2007-2011 Continental Control Systems LLC All rights reserved
Printed in the United States of America
Document Number WNB-P-V17b
Revision Date November 30 2011
Continental Control Systems LLC
3131 Indian Rd Suite A
Boulder CO 80301
(303) 444-7422
FAX (303) 444-2903
E-mail techsupportccontrolsyscom
Web httpwwwccontrolsyscom
WattNode is a registered trademark of Continental Control Systems LLC
FCC InformationThis equipment has been tested and complies with the limits for a Class B digital device pursu-
ant to part 15 of the FCC Rules Operation is subject to the following two conditions (1) This
device may not cause harmful interference and (2) this device must accept any interference
received including interference that may cause undesired operation
The FCC limits are designed to provide reasonable protection against harmful interference in a
residential installation This equipment generates uses and can radiate radio frequency energy
and if not installed and used in accordance with the instructions may cause harmful interfer-
ence to radio communications However there is no guarantee that interference will not occur in
a particular installation If this equipment does cause harmful interference to radio or television
reception which can be determined by turning the equipment off and on the user is encouraged
to try to correct the interference by one or more of the following measures
Reorient or relocate the receiving antenna
Increase the separation between the equipment and receiver
Connect the equipment into an outlet on a circuit different from that to which the receiver is
connected
Consult the dealer or an experienced radioTV technician to help
Contents 3
ContentsOverview 4
Pulse Outputs 4
Diagnostic LEDs 4
Current Transformers 4
Additional Literature 4
Front Label 5
Installation 7Precautions 7
Electrical Service Types 8
Single-Phase Two-Wire with Neutral 8
Single-Phase Three-Wire (Mid-Point Neutral) 9
Single-Phase Two-Wire without Neutral 10
Three-Phase Four-Wire Wye 11
Three-Phase Three-Wire Delta Without Neutral 12
Three-Phase Four-Wire Delta (Wild Leg) 12
Grounded Leg Service 12
Mounting 13
Selecting Current Transformers 14
Connecting Current Transformers 15
Circuit Protection 16
Connecting Voltage Terminals 17
Connecting Pulse Outputs 17
Output Assignments 18
Pull-Up Resistor Selection 19
Installation Summary 19
Installation LED Diagnostics 20
Measurement Troubleshooting 22
Operating Instructions 24Pulse Outputs 24
Power and Energy Computation 25
Power and Energy Equations 27
Maintenance and Repair 29
Specifications 30Models 30
Model Options 30
Accuracy 31
Measurement 32
Pulse Outputs 32
Electrical 33
Certifications 35
Environmental 35
Mechanical 35
Current Transformers 35
Warranty 37Limitation of Liability 37
4 Overview
OverviewCongratulations on your purchase of the WattNodereg Pulse wattwatt-hour transducermeter
It accurately measures energy and power in a compact package The WattNode meter can fit
in existing electric service panels avoiding the costly installation of sub-panels and associated
wiring It is designed for use in demand side management (DSM) sub-metering and energy
monitoring applications The WattNode meter generates pulses proportional to total watt-hours
The pulse rate or frequency is proportional to the instantaneous power Models are available for
single-phase and three-phase wye and delta configurations for voltages from 120 Vac to 600 Vac
at 50 and 60 Hz
Pulse OutputsThe WattNode meter generates pulse outputs using one or more optoisolators (also called
photocouplers) These provide 5000 Vac of electrical isolation The pulse outputs can interface to
monitoring or data logging hardware without concerns about interference ground loops shock
hazard etc
The standard Pulse WattNode meter makes bidirectional power measurements (energy consump-
tion and energy production) It can be used for conventional power and energy measurement as
well as for net metering and photovoltaic (PV) applications
Option P3 - The per-phase measurement option measures one two or three separate
branch circuits with a single meter saving money and space
Option PV - The photovoltaic option measures residential PV systems One WattNode meter
measures the bidirectional total house energy and the PV (or wind) generated energy See
Manual Supplement MS-10 Option PV (Photovoltaic) for details
Options DPO - The dual positive outputs option behaves exactly like the standard bidirec-
tional model but with the addition of a second positive pulse output channel (on the P3
output terminal) This allows you to connect to two devices such as a display and a data
logger See Manual Supplement MS-11 Option DPO (Dual Positive Outputs) for details
See Model Options (p 30) in the Specifications section below for details and more options
Diagnostic LEDsThe Pulse WattNode meter includes three diagnostic LEDsmdashone per phase During normal
operation these LEDs flash on and off with the speed of flashing roughly proportional to the
power on each phase The LEDs flash green for positive power and red for negative power Other
conditions are signaled with different LED patterns See the Installation LED Diagnostics (p 20) section for full details
Current TransformersThe WattNode meter uses solid-core (toroidal) split-core (opening) and bus-bar style current
transformers (CTs) with a full-scale voltage output of 033333 Vac Split-core and bus-bar CTs
are easier to install without disconnecting the circuit being measured Solid-core CTs are more
compact generally more accurate and less expensive but installation requires that you discon-
nect the circuit to install the CTs
Additional Literature WattNode Advanced Pulse - Quick Install Guide
Manual Supplement MS-10 Option PV (Photovoltaic)
Manual Supplement MS-11 Option DPO (Dual Positive Outputs)
Manual Supplement MS-17 Option PW (Pulse Width)
Manual Supplement MS-19 Option SSR (Solid-State Relay)
Overview 5
Front LabelThis section describes all the connections information and symbols that appear on the front
label
Continental Control Systems LLC
WATTNODEreg PULSE
Watthour Meter 3KNN
Boulder CO USA
OslashB CT 0333V~
OslashC CT 0333V~
OslashA CT 0333V~ Status
Status
Status
P1
P2
P3
COMO
utpu
t
OslashB
OslashC
N
OslashAOslash-Oslash 240V~Oslash-Oslash 240V~
240V CAT III240V CAT III
Oslash-N 140V~Oslash-N 140V~
120V~ 50-60Hz 3W2010-09-26SN 59063
WNB-3Y-208-PQ
N
O
P
M
K
U W
HIJ
A
C
B
E
F
G
D
Y Z
R
VT X
S
Figure 1 Front Label Diagram
A WattNode model number The ldquoWNBrdquo indicates a second generation WattNode meter with
diagnostic LEDs and up to three pulse output channels The ldquo3rdquo indicates a three-phase model
The ldquoYrdquo or ldquoDrdquo indicates wye or delta models although delta models can measure wye circuits
(the difference is in the power supply) The ldquo208rdquo (or other value) indicates the nominal line-to-
line voltage Finally the ldquoPrdquo indicates pulse output
B Functional ground This terminal should be connected to earth ground if possible It is not
required for safety grounding but ensures maximum meter accuracy
C Neutral This terminal ldquoNrdquo should be connected to neutral when available
D E F Line voltage inputs These terminals connect to the OslashA (phase A) OslashB (phase B) and
OslashC (phase C) electric mains On wye models the meter is powered from OslashA and N terminals
On delta models the meter is powered from the OslashA and OslashB terminals
G Line voltage measurement ratings This block lists the nominal line-to-neutral ldquoOslash-N 120V~rdquo
voltage line-to-line ldquoOslash-Oslash 240V~rdquo voltage and the rated measurement voltage and category
ldquo240V CAT IIIrdquo for this WattNode model See the Specifications (p 30) for more informa-
tion about the measurement voltage and category
H UL Listing mark This shows the UL and cUL (Canadian) listing mark and number ldquo3KNNrdquo
I FCC Mark This logo indicates that the meter complied with part 15 of the FCC rules
J Status LEDs These are status LEDs used to verify and diagnose meter operation See
Installation LED Diagnostics (p 20) for details
K Current transformer (CT) voltage rating These markings ldquo0333V~rdquo indicate that the meter
must be used with CTs that generate a full-scale output of 0333 Vac (333 millivolts)
6 Overview
M N O Current transformer (CT) inputs These indicate CT screw terminals Note the white
and black circles at the left edge of the label these indicate the color of the CT wire that should
be inserted into the corresponding screw terminal The terminals marked with black circles are
connected together internally
P Pulse output common (COM) This is the common terminal for all three pulse output chan-
nels This terminal should be more negative than the P1 P2 and P3 terminals (unless the
meter was ordered with Option SSR)
Q R S Pulse outputs (P1 P2 P3) These are the pulse output channels Different models use
one two or three channels They should always be positive relative to the common terminal
T Serial number This shows the meter serial number and options if any are selected The
barcode contains the serial number in Code 128C format
U Mains supply rated voltage This is the rated supply voltage for this model The V~ indicates
AC voltage For wye models this voltage should appear between the N and OslashA terminals For
delta models this voltage should appear between the OslashA and OslashB terminals
V Mains frequencies This indicates the rated mains frequencies for the meter
W Maximum rated power This is the maximum power consumption (watts) for this model
X Manufacture date This is the date of manufacture for the WattNode meter
Y Caution risk of electrical shock This symbol indicates that there is a risk of electric shock
when installing and operating the meter if the installation instructions are not followed correctly
Z Attention - consult Manual This symbol indicates that there can be danger when installing
and operating the meter if the installation instructions are not followed correctly
Symbols
Attention -
Consult Installation
and Operation Manual
Read understand and follow all instructions in this Installa-
tion and Operation Manual including all warnings cautions
and precautions before installing and using the product
Caution ndash
Risk of Electrical
Shock
Potential Shock Hazard from Dangerous High Voltage
CE Marking
Complies with the regulations of the European Union for
Product Safety and Electro-Magnetic Compatibility
Low Voltage Directive ndash EN 61010-1 2001
EMC Directive ndash EN 61327 1997 + A11998 + A22001
Installation 7
InstallationPrecautions
DANGER mdash HAZARDOUS VOLTAGESWARNING - These installationservicing instructions are for use by qualified personnel
only To avoid electrical shock do not perform any servicing other than that contained in
the operating instructions unless you are qualified to do so
Always adhere to the following checklist
1) Only qualified personnel or licensed electricians should install the WattNode meter The
mains voltages of 120 Vac to 600 Vac can be lethal
2) Follow all applicable local and national electrical and safety codes
3) Install the meter in an electrical enclosure (panel or junction box) or in a limited access
electrical room
4) Verify that circuit voltages and currents are within the proper range for the meter model
5) Use only UL recognized current transformers (CTs) with built-in burden resistors that gener-
ate 0333 Vac (333 millivolts AC) at rated current Do not use current output (ratio) CTs such as 1 amp or 5 amp output CTs they will destroy the meter and may create a shock hazard See Current Transformers (p 35) for CT maximum input current ratings
6) Ensure that the line voltage inputs to the meter are protected by fuses or circuit breakers (not
needed for the neutral wire) See Circuit Protection (p 16) for details
7) Equipment must be disconnected from the HAZARDOUS LIVE voltages before access
8) The terminal block screws are not insulated Do not contact metal tools to the screw termi-
nals if the circuit is live
9) Do not place more than one line voltage wire in a screw terminal use wire nuts instead You
may use more than one CT wire per screw terminal
10) Before applying power check that all the wires are securely installed by tugging on each wire
11) Do not install the meter where it may be exposed to temperatures below ndash30degC or above
55degC excessive moisture dust salt spray or other contamination The meter requires an
environment no worse than pollution degree 2 (normally only non-conductive pollution
occasionally a temporary conductivity caused by condensation must be expected)
12) Do not drill mounting holes using the meter as a guide the drill chuck can damage the screw
terminals and metal shavings can fall into the connectors causing an arc risk
13) If the meter is installed incorrectly the safety protections may be impaired
8 Installation
Electrical Service TypesBelow is a list of service types with connections and recommended models Note the ground
connection improves measurement accuracy but is not required for safety
Model TypeLine-to- Neutral
Line-to- Line
Electrical Service Types
WNB-3Y-208-P Wye 120 Vac208ndash240
Vac
1 Phase 2 Wire 120V with neutral
1 Phase 3 Wire 120V240V with neutral
3 Phase 4 Wire Wye 120V208V with neutral
WNB-3Y-400-P Wye 230 Vac 400 Vac1 Phase 2 Wire 230V with neutral
3 Phase 4 Wire Wye 230V400V with neutral
WNB-3Y-480-P Wye 277 Vac 480 Vac3 Phase 4 Wire Wye 277V480V with neutral
1 Phase 2 Wire 277V with neutral
WNB-3Y-600-P Wye 347 Vac 600 Vac 3 Phase 4 Wire Wye 347V600V with neutral
WNB-3D-240-PDelta
or Wye
120ndash140
Vac
208ndash240
Vac
1 Phase 2 Wire 208V (no neutral)
1 Phase 2 Wire 240V (no neutral)
1 Phase 3 Wire 120V240V with neutral
3 Phase 3 Wire Delta 208V (no neutral)
3 Phase 4 Wire Wye 120V208V with neutral
3 Phase 4 Wire Delta 120208240V with neutral
WNB-3D-400-PDelta
or Wye230 Vac 400 Vac
3 Phase 3 Wire Delta 400V (no neutral)
3 Phase 4 Wire Wye 230V400V with neutral
WNB-3D-480-PDelta
or Wye277 Vac 480 Vac
3 Phase 3 Wire Delta 480V (no neutral)
3 Phase 4 Wire Wye 277V480V with neutral
3 Phase 4 Wire Delta 240415480V with neutral
The wire count does NOT include ground It only includes neutral (if present) and phase wires
Table 1 WattNode Models
Single-Phase Two-Wire with NeutralThis configuration is most often seen in homes and offices The two conductors are neutral and
line For these models the meter is powered from the N and OslashA terminals
Figure 2 Single-Phase Two-Wire Connection
Ground
WH
ITE
BLA
CK
OslashB CT
OslashC CT
OslashA CT
OslashB
OslashC
N
OslashA
GND or CommonInput or Positive
Monitoring Equip-ment or Display
P1P2P3
COM
Out
put
Status
Status
Status
WATTNODEreg PULSE
WNB-WNB- -P
-P
Line
Neutral
LINE
LOA
D
ShortingJumpers
SourceFace
CurrentTransformer
3Y-xxx
Installation 9
Recommended WattNode ModelsThe following table shows the WattNode models that should be used depending on the line to
neutral voltage
Line to Neutral Voltage WattNode Model120 Vac WNB-3Y-208-P
230 Vac WNB-3Y-400-P
277 Vac WNB-3Y-480-P
Single-Phase Three-Wire (Mid-Point Neutral)This configuration is seen in North American residential and commercial service with 240 Vac for
large appliances The three conductors are a mid-point neutral and two line voltage wires with AC
waveforms 180deg out of phase this results in 120 Vac between either line conductors (phase) and
neutral and 240 Vac (or sometimes 208 Vac) between the two line conductors (phases)
Figure 3 Single-Phase Three-Wire Connection
Recommended WattNode ModelsThe following table shows the WattNode models that can be used If neutral may or may not be
present you should use the WNB-3D-240-P (see Single-Phase Two-Wire without Neutral below) If neutral is present it must be connected for accurate measurements If phase B may
not be present you should use the WNB-3Y-208-P (see Single-Phase Two-Wire with Neutral above)
Meter Power Source WattNode ModelN and OslashA (Neutral and Phase A) WNB-3Y-208-P
OslashA and OslashB (Phase A and Phase B) WNB-3D-240-P
Ground
WH
ITE
BLA
CK
OslashB CT
OslashC CT
OslashA CT
OslashB
OslashC
N
OslashA
GND or CommonInput or Positive
Monitoring Equip-ment or Display
P1P2P3
COM
Out
put
Status
Status
Status
WATTNODEreg PULSE
WNB-WNB- -P
-P
Phase A
Neutral
Phase B
WHITEBLACK
120 Vac240 Vac
120 Vac
LINE
LOA
D
ShortingJumper Source
Faces
CurrentTransformers
3Y-2083D-240
10 Installation
Single-Phase Two-Wire without NeutralThis is seen in residential and commercial service with 208 to 240 Vac for large appliances The
two conductors have AC waveforms 120deg or 180deg out of phase Neutral is not used For this
configuration the meter is powered from the OslashA and OslashB (phase A and phase B) terminals
For best accuracy we recommend connecting the N (neutral) terminal to the ground terminal
This will not cause ground current to flow because the neutral terminal does not power the meter
Figure 4 Single-Phase Two-Wire without Neutral Connection
Recommended WattNode ModelThis configuration is normally measured with the following WattNode model
Line-to-Line Voltage WattNode Model208 - 240 Vac WNB-3D-240-P
If neutral is available you may also use the WNB-3Y-208-P model If you use the WNB-3Y-208-P
you will need to hook up the meter as shown in section Single-Phase Three-Wire (Mid-Point Neutral) and connect neutral You will need two CTs
If one of the conductors (phase A or phase B) is grounded see Grounded Leg Service below for
recommendations
Ground
WH
ITE
BLA
CK
OslashB CT
OslashC CT
OslashA CT
OslashB
OslashC
N
OslashA
GND or CommonInput or Positive
Monitoring Equip-ment or Display
P1P2P3
COM
Out
put
Status
Status
Status
WATTNODEreg PULSE
WNB-WNB- -P
-P
Phase A
Phase B
WHITEBLACK
208-240 Vac
LINE
LOA
D
ShortingJumper Source
Faces
CurrentTransformers
3D-240
Installation 11
Three-Phase Four-Wire WyeThis is typically seen in commercial and industrial environments The conductors are neutral and
three power lines with AC waveforms shifted 120deg between phases The line voltage conductors
may be connected to the OslashA OslashB and OslashC terminals in any order so long as the CTs are con-nected to matching phases It is important that you connect N (neutral) for accurate measure-
ments For wye ldquo-3Yrdquo models the meter is powered from the N and OslashA terminals
Figure 5 Three-Phase Four-Wire Wye Connection
Recommended WattNode ModelsThe following table shows the WattNode models that should be used depending on the line-to-
neutral voltage and line-to-line voltage (also called phase-to-phase voltage)
Line-to-Neutral Voltage Line-to-Line Voltage WattNode Model120 Vac 208 Vac WNB-3Y-208-P
230 Vac 400 Vac WNB-3Y-400-P
277 Vac 480 Vac WNB-3Y-480-P
347 Vac 600 Vac WNB-3Y-600-P
Note you may also use the following delta WattNode models to measure three-phase four-wire
wye circuits The only difference is that delta WattNode models are powered from OslashA and OslashB
rather than N and OslashA If neutral is present it must be connected for accurate measurements
Line-to-Neutral Voltage Line-to-Line Voltage WattNode Model120 - 140 Vac 208 - 240 Vac WNB-3D-240-P
230 Vac 400 Vac WNB-3D-400-P
277 Vac 480 Vac WNB-3D-480-P
Ground
WH
ITE
BLA
CK
OslashB CT
OslashC CT
OslashA CT
OslashB
OslashC
N
OslashA
GND or CommonInput or Positive
Monitoring Equip-ment or Display
P1P2P3
COM
Out
put
Status
Status
Status
WATTNODEreg PULSE
WNB-WNB- -P
-P
Neutral
Phase A
Phase B
Phase C
LOA
D
WHITEBLACK
WH
ITE
BLA
CK
LINE
SourceFaces
CurrentTransformers
3Y-xxx3D-xxx
12 Installation
Three-Phase Three-Wire Delta Without NeutralThis is typically seen in manufacturing and industrial environments There is no neutral wire just
three power lines with AC waveforms shifted 120deg between the successive phases With this
configuration the line voltage wires may be connected to the OslashA OslashB and OslashC terminals in any
order so long as the CTs are connected to matching phases For these models the meter is
powered from the OslashA and OslashB (phase A and phase B) terminals Note all delta WattNode models
provide a neutral connection N which allows delta WattNode models to measure both wye and
delta configurations
For best accuracy we recommend connecting the N (neutral) terminal to earth ground This will
not cause ground current to flow because the neutral terminal is not used to power the meter
Figure 6 Three-Phase Three-Wire Delta Connection
Recommended WattNode ModelsThe following table shows the WattNode models that should be used depending on the line-to-
line voltage (also called phase-to-phase voltage)
Line-to-Line Voltage WattNode Model208 - 240 Vac WNB-3D-240-P
400 Vac WNB-3D-400-P
480 Vac WNB-3D-480-P
Three-Phase Four-Wire Delta (Wild Leg)The uncommon four-wire delta electrical service is a three-phase delta service with a center-tap
on one of the transformer windings to create a neutral for single-phase loads
See httpwwwccontrolsyscomwFour_Wire_Delta_Circuits for details
Grounded Leg ServiceIn rare cases with delta services or single-phase two-wire services without neutral one of the
phases may be grounded You can check for this by using a multimeter (DMM) to measure the
voltage between each phase and ground If you see a reading between 0 and 5 Vac that leg is
probably grounded (sometimes called a ldquogrounded deltardquo)
Ground
WH
ITE
BLA
CK
OslashB CT
OslashC CT
OslashA CT
OslashB
OslashC
N
OslashA
GND or CommonInput or Positive
Monitoring Equip-ment or Display
P1P2P3
COMO
utpu
t
Status
Status
Status
WATTNODEreg PULSE
WNB-WNB- -P
-P
Phase A
Phase B
Phase C
WHITEBLACK
WH
ITE
BLA
CK
LINE
LOA
D
SourceFaces
CurrentTransformers
3D-xxx
Installation 13
The WattNode meter will correctly measure services with a grounded leg but the measured
power for the grounded phase will be zero and the status LED will not light for whichever phase is
grounded because the voltage is near zero
For optimum accuracy with a grounded leg you should also connect the N (neutral) terminal
on the meter to the ground terminal this will not cause any ground current to flow because the
neutral terminal is not used to power the meter If you have a grounded leg configuration you can
save money by removing the CT for the grounded phase since all the power will be measured on
the non-grounded phases We recommend putting the grounded leg on the OslashB or OslashC inputs and
attaching a note to the meter indicating this configuration for future reference
MountingProtect the WattNode meter from moisture direct sunlight high temperatures and conductive
pollution (salt spray metal dust etc) If moisture or conductive pollution may be present use an
IP 66 or NEMA 4 rated enclosure to protect the meter Due to its exposed screw terminals the
meter must be installed in an electrical service panel an enclosure or an electrical room The
meter may be installed in any orientation directly to a wall of an electrical panel or junction box
Drawn to Scale
153 mm (602)
38 mm (150) High
Oslash 98 mm (0386)
Oslash 51 mm (0200)
1366 mm (5375)
851 mm
(335)
Figure 7 WattNode Meter Dimensions
The WattNode meter has two mounting holes spaced 5375 inches (137 mm) apart (center to
center) These mounting holes are normally obscured by the detachable screw terminals Remove
the screw terminals by pulling outward while rocking from end to end The meter or Figure 7
may be used as a template to mark mounting hole positions but do not drill the holes with the meter in the mounting position because the drill may damage the connectors and leave drill
shavings in the connectors
You may mount the meter with the supplied 8 self-tapping sheet metal screws using 18 inch
pilot hole (32 mm) Or you may use hook-and-loop fasteners If you use screws avoid over-tight-
ening which can crack the case If you donrsquot use the supplied screws the following sizes should
work (bold are preferred) use washers if the screws could pull through the mounting holes
14 Installation
Selecting Current TransformersThe rated full-scale current of the CTs should normally be chosen somewhat above the maximum
current of the circuit being measured (see Current Crest Factor below for more details) In some
cases you might select CTs with a lower rated current to optimize accuracy at lower current
readings Take care that the maximum allowable current for the CT can not be exceeded without
tripping a circuit breaker or fuse see Current Transformers (p 35)
We only offer CTs that measure AC current not DC current Significant DC current can saturate
the CT magnetic core reducing the AC accuracy Most loads only have AC current but some rare
loads draw DC current which can cause measurement errors See our website for more informa-
tion httpwwwccontrolsyscomwDC_Current_and_Half-Wave_Rectified_Loads
CTs can measure lower currents than they were designed for by passing the wire through the
CT more than once For example to measure currents up to 1 amp with a 5 amp CT loop the
wire through the CT five times The CT is now effectively a 1 amp CT instead of a 5 amp CT The
effective current rating of the CT is the labeled rating divided by the number of times that the wire
passes through the CT
If you are using the measurement phases of the WattNode (OslashA OslashB and OslashC) to measure different
circuits (as with Option P3) you can use CTs with different rated current on the different phases
Current Crest FactorThe term ldquocurrent crest factorrdquo is used to describe the ratio of the peak current to the RMS cur-
rent (the RMS current is the value reported by multimeters and the WattNode meter) Resistive
loads like heaters and incandescent lights have nearly sinusoidal current waveforms with a crest
factor near 14 Power factor corrected loads such as electronic lighting ballasts and computer
power supplies typically have a crest factor of 14 to 15 Battery chargers VFD motor controls
and other nonlinear loads can have current crest factors ranging from 20 to 30 and even higher
High current crest factors are usually not an issue when metering whole building loads but can
be a concern when metering individual loads with high current crest factors If the peak current is
too high the meterrsquos CT inputs can clip causing inaccurate readings
This means that when measuring loads with high current crest factors you may want to be
conservative in selecting the CT rated current For example if your load draws 10 amps RMS but
has a crest factor of 30 then the peak current is 30 amps If you use a 15 amp CT the meter will
not be able to accurately measure the 30 amp peak current Note this is a limitation of the meter
measurement circuitry not the CT
The following graph shows the maximum RMS current for accurate measurements as a function
of the current waveform crest factor The current is shown as a percentage of CT rated current
For example if you have a 10 amp load with a crest factor of 20 the maximum CT current is
approximately 85 Eighty-five percent of 15 amps is 1275 which is higher than 10 amps so
your measurements should be accurate On the other hand if you have a 40 amp load with a
crest factor of 40 the maximum CT current is 42 Forty-two percent of a 100 amp CT is 42
amps so you would need a 100 amp CT to accurately measure this 40 amp load
Screw Style USA UTS Sizes Metric SizesPan Head or Round Head 6 8 10 M35 M4 M5
Truss Head 6 8 M35 M4
Hex Washer Head (integrated washer) 6 8 M35 M4Hex Head (add washer) 6 8 10 M35 M4 M5
Table 2 Mounting Screws
Installation 15
80
100
120
140
0
20
40
60
80
10 15 20 25 30 35 40Crest Factor
Max
imum
Acc
urat
e C
T C
urre
nt(P
erce
nt o
f Rat
ed C
urre
nt)
Figure 8 Maximum CT Current vs Crest Factor
You frequently wonrsquot know the crest factor for your load In this case itrsquos generally safe to assume
the crest factor will fall in the 14 to 25 range and select CTs with a rated current roughly 150 of
the expected RMS current So if you expect to be measuring currents up to 30 amps select a 50
amp CT
Connecting Current Transformers Use only UL recognized current transformers (CTs) with built-in burden resistors that generate
033333 Vac (33333 millivolts AC) at rated current See Current Transformers (p 35) for
the maximum input current ratings
Do not use ratio (current output) CTs such as 1 amp or 5 amp output CTs they will destroy
the meter and present a shock hazard These are commonly labelled with a ratio like 1005
Find the arrow or label ldquoTHIS SIDE TOWARD SOURCErdquo on the CT and face toward the
current source generally the utility meter or the circuit breaker for branch circuits If CTs are
mounted backwards or with their white and black wires reversed the measured power will be
negative The diagnostic LEDs indicates negative power with flashing red LEDs
Be careful to match up the current transformers to the voltage phases being measured Make
sure the OslashA CT is measuring the line voltage connected to OslashA and the same for phases B
and C Use the supplied colored labels or tape to identify the wires
To prevent magnetic interference the CTs on different phases should be separated by 1 inch
(25 mm) The line voltage conductors for each phase should be separated by at least 1 inch
(25 mm) from each other and from neutral
For best accuracy the CT opening should not be much larger than the conductor If the CT
opening is much larger position the conductor in the center of the CT opening
Because CT signals are susceptible to interference we recommend keeping the CT wires
short and cutting off any excess length It is generally better to install the meter near the line
voltage conductors instead of extending the CT wires However you may extend the CT wires
by 300 feet (100 m) or more by using shielded twisted-pair cable and by running the CT wires
away from high current and line voltage conductors
OPTIONAL if you see spurious readings on unused phases jumper the unused CT inputs
To connect CTs pass the wire to be measured through the CT and connect the CT to the meter
Always remove power before disconnecting any live wires Put the line conductors through
the CTs as shown in the section Electrical Service Types (p 8) You may measure gener-
ated power by treating the generator as the source
16 Installation
Circuit ProtectionThe WattNode meter is considered ldquopermanently connected equipmentrdquo because it does not
use a conventional power cord that can be easily unplugged Permanently connected equip-ment must have overcurrent protection and be installed with a means to disconnect the equipment
A switch disconnect or circuit breaker may be used to disconnect the meter and must be
as close as practical to the meter If a switch or disconnect is used then there must also be a
fuse or circuit breaker of appropriate rating protecting the meter
WattNode meters only draw 10-30 milliamps CCS recommends using circuit breakers or
fuses rated for between 05 amps and 20 amps and rated for the line voltages and the cur-
rent interrupting rating required
The circuit breakers or fuses must protect the ungrounded supply conductors (the terminals
labeled OslashA OslashB and OslashC) If neutral is also protected (this is rare) then the overcurrent protec-
tion device must interrupt neutral and the supply conductors simultaneously
Any switches or disconnects should have at least a 1 amp rating and must be rated for the
line voltages
The circuit protection disconnect system must meet IEC 60947-1 and IEC 60947-3 as well
as all national and local electrical codes
The line voltage connections should be made with wire rated for use in a service panel or
junction box with a voltage rating sufficient for the highest voltage present CCS recommends
14 or 12 AWG (15 mm2 or 25 mm2) stranded wire rated for 300 or 600 volts Solid wire may
be used but must be routed carefully to avoid putting excessive stress on the screw terminal
The WattNode meter has an earth connection which should be connected for maximum
accuracy However this earth connection is not used for safety (protective) earthing
For solid-core CTs disconnect the line voltage conductor to install it through the CT opening
Split-core and bus-bar CTs can be opened for installation around a wire by puling the removable
section straight away from the rest of the CT or unhooking the latch it may require a strong pull
Some CT models include thumb-screws to secure the opening The removable section may fit
only one way so match up the steel core pieces when closing the CT If the CT seems to jam and
will not close the steel core pieces are probably not aligned correctly DO NOT FORCE together
Instead reposition or rock the removable portion until the CT closes without excessive force A
nylon cable tie can be secured around the CT to prevent inadvertent opening
Some split-core CT models have flat mating surfaces When installing this type of CT make sure
that mating surfaces are clean Any debris between the mating surfaces will increase the gap
decreasing accuracy
Next connect the CT lead wires to the meter terminals labeled OslashA CT OslashB CT and OslashC CT Route
the twisted black and white wires from the CT to the meter We recommend cutting off any
excess length to reduce the risk of interference Strip 14 inch (6 mm) of insulation off the ends of
the CT leads and connect to the six position black screw terminal block Connect each CT lead
with the white wire aligned with the white dot on the label and the black wire aligned with the
black dot Note the order in which the phases are connected as the voltage phases must match
the current phases for accurate power measurement
Finally record the CT rated current as part of the installation record for each meter If the conduc-
tors being measured are passed through the CTs more than once then the recorded rated CT
current is divided by the number of times that the conductor passes through the CT
Installation 17
Connecting Voltage TerminalsAlways turn off or disconnect power before connecting the voltage inputs to the meter Con-
nect each phase voltage to the appropriate input on the green terminal block also connect
ground and neutral (if required)
The voltage inputs to the meter do not need to be powered from to the same branch circuit as
the load being monitored In other words if you have a three-phase panel with a 100 A three-pole
breaker powering a motor that you wish to monitor you can power the meter (or several meters)
from a separate 20 A three-pole breaker installed in the same or even adjacent panel so long as
the load and voltage connections are supplied from the same electric service
The green screw terminals handle wire up to 12 AWG (25 mm2) Strip the wires to expose 14rdquo (6
mm) of bare copper When wiring the meter do not put more than one wire under a screw If you
need to distribute power to other meters use wire nuts or a power distribution block The section
Electrical Service Types (p 8) shows the proper connections for the different meter models
and electrical services Verify that the voltage line phases match the CT phases
If there is any doubt that the meter voltage rating is correct for the circuit being measured unplug
the green terminal block (to protect the meter) turn on the power and use a voltmeter to compare
the voltages (probe the terminal block screws) to the values in the white box on the meter front
label After testing plug in the terminal block making sure that is pushed in all the way
The WattNode meter is powered from the voltage inputs OslashA (phase A) to N (neutral) for wye
ldquo-3Yrdquo models or OslashA to OslashB for delta ldquo-3Drdquo models If the meter is not receiving at least 80 of the
nominal line voltage it may stop operating Since the meter consumes a small amount of power
itself (typically 1-3 watts) you may wish to power the meter from a separate circuit or place the
current transformers downstream of the meter so its power consumption is not measured
For best accuracy always connect the N (neutral) terminal on the meter If you are using a delta
meter and the circuit has no neutral then jumper the earth ground to the N (neutral) terminal
When power is first applied to the meter check that the LEDs behave normally (see Installa-tion LED Diagnostics (p 20) below) if you see the LEDs flashing red-green-red-green then
disconnect the power immediately This indicates the line voltage is too high for this model
10sec
GR GR GR GR GR GR
GR GR GR GR GR GR
GR GR GR GR GR GRCBA
Figure 9 WattNode LED Overvoltage Warning
Connecting Pulse Outputs The outputs P1 P2 and P3 should not be connected to negative voltages (except with
Option SSR) or to voltages greater than +60 Vdc
The recommended maximum current through the pulse output optoisolators is 5 mA
although they will generally switch 8-10 mA If you need to switch higher currents contact us
about Option SSR (solid-state relay) see Specifications - Option SSR Outputs (p 33)
The outputs are isolated (5000 Vac RMS) from dangerous voltages so you can connect them
with the meter powered The outputs are also isolated from the meterrsquos earth ground and
neutral connections
If the output wiring is located near line voltage wiring use wires or cables rated for the high-
est voltage present generally 300V or 600V rated wire
If this cable will be in the presence of bare conductors such as bus-bars it should be double
insulated or jacketed
When wiring over long distances use shielded twisted-pair cable to prevent interference
18 Installation
The pulse output channels are the collector and emitter of an optoisolator transistor (also called
a photocoupler) controlled by the meterrsquos pulse stream (see Option SSR Outputs (p 33) for
solid-state relay outputs) These outputs may be connected to most data monitoring devices that
expect a contact closure or relay input data loggers energy management systems etc Most of
these devices provide excitation voltage with internal pull-up resistors If your device does not the
following schematic illustrates connecting pull-up resistors on all three optoisolator outputs with a
pull-up voltage of 5 Vdc
5V
Rpullup Rpullup
P1
P2
P3
COM
RpullupWATTNODE
Figure 10 Optoisolator Outputs
The meter can have from one to three pulse output channels All three output channels share the
common COM or ground connection Each output channel has its own positive output connec-
tion labeled P1 P2 and P3 (tied to the transistor collectors)
Output AssignmentsThe following table shows the pulse output channel assignments for the standard bidirectional
output model and different options See Manual Supplement MS-10 for details about Option PV
and Manual Supplement MS-11 for details about Option DPO
WattNode Outputs P1 Output P2 Output P3 OutputStandard
Bidirectional Outputs
Positive real energy
(all phases)
Negative real energy
(all phases)
Not used
Option P3 Per-Phase Outputs
Phase A positive
real energy
Phase B positive
real energy
Phase C positive
real energy
Option PV Photovoltaic
Phases A+B positive
real energy
Phases A+B negative
real energy
Phase C positive
real energy
Option DPO Dual Positive Outputs
Positive real energy
(all phases)
Negative real energy
(all phases)
Positive real energy
(all phases)
Table 3 Pulse Output Assignments
Note we use the terms ldquopositiverdquo and ldquonegativerdquo but other common terms are ldquoproductionrdquo and
ldquoconsumptionrdquo You can wire the meter so that positive energy corresponds to either production
or consumption depending on your application
Installation 19
Pull-Up Resistor SelectionFor standard WattNode meters with the normal 400 Hz full-scale frequency pull-up resistor
values between 10kΩ and 100kΩ work well You may use values of 10MΩ or higher to reduce
power consumption for battery powered equipment Note pull-up resistor values of 10MΩ or
higher will make the pulse output signal more susceptible to interference so you may want to
keep the wiring short use shielded cable and avoid running the pulse signal near AC wiring
The following table lists pull-up resistor values (in ohms kilo-ohms and mega-ohms) to use
with the pulse output channels particularly if you have ordered a model with a pulse frequency
different than 400 Hz For each configuration the table lists a recommended value followed by
minimum and maximum resistor values These values typically result in a pulse waveform rise
time (from 20 to 80 of the pull-up voltage) of less than 10 of the total pulse period The fall
time is roughly constant in the 2 to 10 microsecond range Lower resistance will result in faster
switching and increase the current flow If your frequency isnrsquot in the table use the next higher
frequency or interpolate between two values
Full-Scale Pulse
Frequency
Pull-up to 30 Vdc Recommended
(Min-Max)
Pull-up to 50 Vdc Recommended
(Min-Max)
Pull-up to 12 Vdc Recommended
(Min-Max)
Pull-up to 24 Vdc Recommended
(Min-Max)1 Hz 470kΩ (600Ω-47M) 470kΩ (10k-56M) 470kΩ (24k-75M) 10MΩ (47k-91M)
4 Hz 100kΩ (600Ω-12M) 100kΩ (10k-16M) 100kΩ (24k-22M) 200kΩ (47k-30M)10 Hz 47kΩ (600Ω-470k) 47kΩ (10k-620k) 47kΩ (24k-910k) 100kΩ (47k-13M)
50 Hz 10kΩ (600Ω-91k) 10kΩ (10k-130k) 20kΩ (24k-200k) 47kΩ (47k-270k)
100 Hz 47kΩ (600Ω-47k) 47kΩ (10k-62k) 10kΩ (24k-100k) 20kΩ (47k-130k)
200 Hz 20kΩ (600Ω-24k) 20kΩ (10k-33k) 47kΩ (24k-47k) 10kΩ (47k-68k)
600 Hz 20kΩ (600Ω-82k) 20kΩ (10k-12k) 47kΩ (24k-16k) 10kΩ (47k-22k)
Table 4 Recommended Pulse Output Pull-up Resistors
When the optoisolator is on (conducting) there is a small voltage drop between the common and
output terminals typically 01 - 04 volts called the saturation voltage This voltage depends on
the current flow through the optoisolator (see Specifications - Optoisolator Outputs (p 32) below for details) To compute the current flow through the optoisolator use the following approxi-
mate equation
Vpullup - The supply voltage for the pull-up resistor (DC volts)
Rpullup - The pull-up resistor resistance (ohms)
Iopto - The approximate current (amps) through the optoisolator when it is on (conducting)
Iopto = Vpullup Rpullup
Installation Summary1) Mount the WattNode meter
2) Turn off power before installing solid-core (non-opening) CTs or making voltage connections
3) Mount the CTs around the line voltage conductors being measured Take care to orient the
CTs facing the source of power
4) Connect the twisted white and black wires from the CT to the six position black terminal
block on the meter matching the wire colors to the white and black dots on the front label
5) Connect the voltage wires including ground and neutral (if present) to the green terminal
block and check that the current (CT) phases match the voltage measurement phases
6) Connect the pulse output terminals of the meter to the monitoring equipment
7) Apply power to the meter
8) Verify that the LEDs light correctly and donrsquot indicate an error condition
20 Installation
Installation LED DiagnosticsThe WattNode meter includes multi-color power diagnostic LEDs for each phase to help verify
correct operation and diagnose incorrect wiring The LEDs are marked ldquoStatusrdquo on the label The
following diagrams and descriptions explain the various LED patterns and their meanings The A
B and C on the left side indicate the phase of the LEDs Values like ldquo10secrdquo and ldquo30secrdquo indi-
cate the time the LEDs are lit in seconds In the diagrams sometimes the colors are abbreviated
R = red G or Grn = green Y = yellow
Normal StartupOn initial power-up the LEDs will all light up in a red
yellow green sequence After this startup sequence the
LEDs will show the status such as Normal Operation
below
Normal OperationDuring normal operation when positive power is measured
on a phase the LED for that phase will flash green Typical
flash rates are shown below
Percent of Full-Scale Power LED Flash Rate Flashes in 10 Seconds100 50 Hz 50
50 36 Hz 36
25 25 Hz 25
10 16 Hz 16
5 11 Hz 11
1 (and lower) 05 Hz 5
Table 5 LED Flash Rates vs Power
Zero PowerFor each phase if line Vac is present but the measured
power is below the minimum that the meter will measure (see
Specifications - Measurement - Creep Limit) the meter will display solid green for that phase
Inactive PhaseIf the meter detects no power and line voltage below 20 of
nominal it will turn off the LED for the phase
Negative PowerIf one or more of the phase LEDs are flashing red it
indicates negative power (power flowing into the grid) on
those phases The rate of flashing indicates magnitude of
negative power (see Table 5 above) This can happen for
the following reasons
This is a bidirectional power measurement application such as a photovoltaic system where
negative power occurs whenever you generate more power than you consume
The current transformer (CT) for this phase was installed backwards on the current carrying
wire or the white and black wires for the CT were reversed at the meter This can be solved
by flipping the CT on the wire or swapping the white and black wires at the meter
In some cases this can also occur if the CT wires are connected to the wrong inputs such
as if the CT wires for phases B and C are swapped
10sec10sec10sec
GreenYellowRed
GreenYellowRed
GreenYellowRed
CBA
Green Off Green Off Green Off
Green
Off
CBA Red Off Red Off Red Off
Red Off Red Off RedOff
Red Off Red Off Red Off
Installation 21
Note if all three LEDs are flashing red and they always turn on and off together like the diagram
for Low Line Voltage below then the meter is experiencing an error or low line voltage not nega-
tive power
Erratic FlashingIf the LEDs are flashing slowly and erratically sometimes
green sometimes red this generally indicates one of the
following
Earth ground is not connected to the meter (the top
connection on the green screw terminal)
Voltage is connected for a phase but the current transformer is not connected or the CT has
a loose connection
In some cases particularly for a circuit with no load this may be due to electrical noise This
is not harmful and can generally be disregarded provided that you are not seeing substantial
measured power when there shouldnrsquot be any Try turning on the load to see if the erratic
flashing stops
To fix this try the following
Make sure earth ground is connected
If there are unused current transformer inputs install a shorting jumper for each unused CT (a
short length of wire connected between the white and black dots marked on the label)
If there are unused voltage inputs (on the green screw terminal) connect them to neutral (if
present) or earth ground (if neutral isnrsquot available)
If you suspect noise may be the problem try moving the meter away from the source of
noise Also try to keep the CT wires as short as possible and cut off excess wire
Meter Not OperatingIt should not be possible for all three LEDs to stay off
when the meter is powered because the phase powering
the meter will have line voltage present Therefore if all
LEDs are off the meter is either not receiving sufficient
line voltage to operate or is malfunctioning and needs to be returned for service Verify that the
voltage on the Vac screw terminals is within plusmn20 of the nominal operating voltages printed in the
white rectangle on the front label
Meter ErrorIf the meter experiences an internal error it will light all
LEDs red for three seconds (or longer) If you see this
happen repeatedly return the meter for service
Bad CalibrationThis indicates that the meter has detected bad calibration
data and must be returned for service
Line Voltage Too HighWhenever the meter detects line voltages over 125 of
normal for one or more phases it will display a fast red
green flashing for the affected phases This is harmless if
it occurs due a momentary surge but if the line voltage is
high continuously the power supply may fail If you see continuous over-voltage flashing disconnect the meter immediately Check that the model
and voltage rating is correct for the electrical service
GrnRedGrn
GreenRed
Grn Red
CBA Off Off Off
Off Off Red
Off Red Off
Off
Off
Off
CBA
30sec
Red
Red
Red
CBA
Yellow
Red
Red
CBA
10sec
GR GR GR GR GR GR
GR GR GR GR GR GR
GR GR GR GR GR GRCBA
22 Installation
Bad Line FrequencyIf the meter detects a power line frequency below 45 Hz
or above 70 Hz it will light all the LEDs yellow for at least
three seconds The LEDs will stay yellow until the line
frequency returns to normal During this time the meter
should continue to accurately measure power This can
occur in the presence of extremely high noise such as if the meter is too close to an unfiltered
variable frequency drive
Low Line VoltageThese LED patterns occur if the line voltage is too low
for the meter to operate correctly and the meter reboots
repeatedly The pattern will be synchronized on all three
LEDs Verify that the voltage on the Vac screw terminals is
not more than 20 lower than the nominal operating volt-
ages printed in the white rectangle on the front label If the
voltages are in the normal range and the meter continues
to display one of these patterns return it for service
30secCBA
Yellow
Yellow
Yellow
10sec
YRed
YRed
YRed
CBA
YRed
YRed
YRed
CBA
R
R
R
R
R
R
R
R
R
R
R
R
R
R
R
R
R
R
10sec
Measurement TroubleshootingIf the WattNode meter does not appear to be operating correctly or generating expected pulses
start by checking the diagnostic LEDs as described in the previous section Installation LED Diagnostics (p 20) Then double check the installation instructions If there are still problems
check the following
No Pulses Make sure the load is turned on
If the LEDs are flashing green then the meter is measuring positive power and should output
pulses on P1 so there may be something wrong with the pulse output connection or you
may need a pull-up resistor see Connecting Pulse Outputs (p 17)
If the LEDs on one or more phases are flashing red then the total power may be negative
in which case the meter wonrsquot generate positive energy pulses If you have a bidirectional
model you can check for negative energy pulses on the P2 output If this is the case check
that the line phases match the CT phases that all the CTs face the source of power and that
the CT white and black wires are connected correctly
If all the LEDs are solid green (or off) then the measured power is below the creep limit
(11500th of full-scale) and the meter will not generate any pulses See Specifications - Creep Limit (p 32)
If the LEDs are flashing green slowly the power may be very low A WattNode meter with a
nominal output frequency of 400 Hz can have a pulse period of several minutes at very low
power levels
If all the LEDs are off then the meter does not have sufficient line voltage to operate or has
malfunctioned Use a DMM (multimeter) to verify that the voltage on the Vac screw terminals
is within -20 +15 of the nominal operating voltage
Incorrect Power or Energy ReadingsThis can be caused by any of the following
An incorrect estimate of expected power or energy readings If possible try to verify the
actual energy power or current with a handheld power meter or current clamp
Installation 23
Incorrect scale factors to convert from pulses to energy and power This is commonly caused
by using the normal scale factors with an Option P3 meter or selecting the wrong row of
column from the tables
Some pulse counting equipment (data loggers etc) counts both rising and falling edges as
pulses resulting in a count that is double the intended value This can normally be corrected
by reconfiguring the device or dividing the scale factor by 20
Some pulse monitoring devices cannot handle fast pulse rates If the pulses occur too close
together some may be missed by the monitoring device Check the specifications of your
monitoring device or contact CCS support for assistance
The CTs are not installed on the correct line phases Verify that the CT phasing matches the
line Vac inputs
The measured current exceeds the CT rating This can saturate CT or the WattNode meter
input circuitry resulting in lower than expected readings If possible use a current clamp to
measure the current and make sure it is below the CT rated amps
The measured current is too small Most current transformers are only specified to meet
their accuracy from 10 to 100 of rated current In practice most CTs work reasonably
well down to 1 of rated current Very low currents may not register properly resulting in low
power or no power reported
Interference from a variable frequency or variable speed drive VFD VSD inverter or the
like Generally these drives should not interfere with the meter but if they are in very close
proximity or if the CT leads are long interference can occur Try moving the meter at least
three feet (one meter) away from any VFDs Use short CT leads if possible NEVER connect
the meter downstream of a VFD the varying line frequency and extreme noise will cause
problems
The CTs may be malfunctioning If possible use a current clamp to verify the current then
use a DMM (multimeter) to measure the AC voltage between the white and black wires from
the CT (leave them connected to the meter during this test) At rated current the CT output
voltage should equal 0333 Vac (333 millivolts AC) At lower currents the voltage should scale
linearly so at 20 of rated current the output voltage should be 020 0333 = 00666 Vac
(666 millivolts AC)
The meter is not functioning correctly if possible swap the meter for another unit of the
same model
24 Operating Instructions
Operating InstructionsPulse Outputs
The WattNode meter generates pulse outputs using one or more optoisolators (also called
photocouplers) These provide 5000 Vac of isolation using an LED and a photo-transistor This
allows the meter to be interfaced to monitoring or data logging hardware without concerns about
interference ground loops shock hazard etc
Depending on the options selected the Pulse WattNode meter can generate full-scale pulses at
output frequencies ranging from less than 1 Hz to 600 Hz The standard full-scale pulse output
frequency is 400 Hz The standard model provides two pulse streams for measuring bidirectional
power With Option P3 there are three pulse channels for independently measuring each phase
or three single-phase circuits
The pulse outputs are approximately square-waves with equal on and off periods The frequency
of pulses is proportional to the measured power When the measured power is constant the
pulse frequency is constant and the output is an exact square-wave If the power is increasing
or decreasing the output waveform will not be a perfect square-wave as the on and off periods
are getting longer or shorter If you need a fixed or minimum pulse duration (closed period) see
Manual Supplement MS-17 Option PW (Pulse Width)
We define a ldquopulserdquo as a full cycle including both an Open Closed and an Closed Open
transition You can choose either a rising or falling edge to start a pulse the end of the pulse will
be the next matching edge Some monitoring equipment or data loggers can be configured to
count both rising and falling edges if your equipment is configured this way you will count twice
as many pulses as expected This can normally be corrected by reconfiguring the equipment or
adjusting the scale factors by a factor of 2
Open
Closed
400ms400ms
800ms
400ms400ms
800ms
400ms400ms
800ms
Figure 11 Output Pulses for Steady Power
Open
Closed
200ms
200ms
200ms
200ms
300ms400ms500ms500ms
1000ms 700ms 400ms 400ms
Figure 12 Output Pulses for Increasing Power
See Connecting Pulse Outputs (p 17) and Specifications - Pulse Outputs (p 32) for
more information
Operating Instructions 25
Power and Energy ComputationEvery pulse from the meter corresponds to a fixed amount of energy Power (watts) is energy
divided by time which can be measured as pulses per second (or pulses per hour) The following
scale factor tables and equations convert from pulses to energy (watt-hours or kilowatt-hours) for
different models
If you have ordered a custom full-scale pulse output frequency then see the
Power and Energy Equations section below For Option PV (Photovoltaic) see
Manual Supplement MS-10 Option PV for scale factors
Scale Factors - Standard Bidirectional Outputs (and Option DPO)The following table provides scale factors for standard bidirectional output models with a full-
scale pulse output frequency of 400 Hz This table also works for 400 Hz models with Option DPO Equations to compute power and energy follow the scale factor tables
CT Size (amps)
Watt-hours per pulse (WHpP) Pulses Per kilowatt-hour (PpKWH)3Y-208 3D-240
3Y-400 3D-400
3Y-480 3D-480
3Y-6003Y-208 3D-240
3Y-400 3D-400
3Y-480 3D-480
3Y-600
5 0125 02396 02885 03615 800000 417391 346570 276657
15 0375 07188 08656 10844 266667 139130 115524 922190
20 0500 09583 11542 14458 200000 104348 866426 691643
30 0750 14375 17313 21688 133333 695652 577617 461095
50 1250 23958 28854 36146 800000 417391 346570 276657
60 1500 28750 34625 43375 666667 347826 288809 230548
70 1750 33542 40396 50604 571429 298137 247550 197612
100 2500 47917 57708 72292 400000 208696 173285 138329
150 3750 71875 86563 10844 266667 139130 115523 92219
200 5000 95833 11542 14458 200000 104348 86643 69164
250 6250 11979 14427 18073 160000 83478 69314 55331
300 7500 14375 17313 21688 133333 69565 57762 46110
400 10000 19167 23083 28917 100000 52174 43321 34582
600 15000 28750 34625 43375 66667 34783 28881 23055
800 20000 38333 46167 57833 50000 26087 21661 17291
1000 25000 47917 57708 72292 40000 20870 17329 13833
1200 30000 57500 69250 86750 33333 17391 14440 11527
1500 37500 71875 86563 10844 26667 13913 11552 92219
2000 50000 95833 11542 14458 20000 10435 86643 69164
3000 75000 14375 17313 21688 13333 69565 57762 46110
any CtAmps 40
CtAmps 2087
CtAmps 17329
CtAmps 13833
40000 CtAmps
20870 CtAmps
17329 CtAmps
13833 CtAmps
Table 6 Scale Factors - Bidirectional Outputs
Contact CCS for scale factors for models with full-scale pulse output frequencies other than 400
Hz
26 Operating Instructions
Scale Factors - Option P3 Per-Phase OutputsThe following table provides scale factors for Option P3 models with a full-scale pulse output
frequencies of 400 Hz for each phase Note with Option P3 different phases can use different
CTs with different rated currents
WARNING Only use this table if you have Option P3 (Per-Phase Outputs)
CT Size (amps)
Watt-hours per pulse (WHpP) Pulses Per kilowatt-hour (PpKWH)3Y-208 3D-240
3Y-400 3D-400
3Y-480 3D-480
3Y-6003Y-208 3D-240
3Y-400 3D-400
3Y-480 3D-480
3Y-600
5 004167 007986 009618 012049 240000 125217 103971 829971
15 01250 02396 02885 03615 800000 417391 346570 276657
20 01667 03194 03847 04819 600000 313043 259928 207493
30 02500 04792 05771 07229 400000 208696 173285 138329
50 04167 07986 09618 12049 240000 125217 103971 829971
60 05000 09583 11542 14458 200000 104348 866426 691643
70 05833 11181 13465 16868 171429 894410 742651 592837
100 08333 15972 19236 24097 120000 626087 519856 414986
150 12500 23958 28854 36146 800000 417391 346570 276657
200 16667 31944 38472 48194 600000 313043 259928 207493
250 20833 39931 48090 60243 480000 250435 207942 165994
300 25000 47917 57708 72292 400000 208696 173285 138329
400 33333 63889 76944 96389 300000 156522 129964 103746
600 50000 95833 11542 14458 200000 104348 86643 69164
800 66667 12778 15389 19278 150000 78261 64982 51873
1000 83333 15972 19236 24097 120000 62609 51986 41499
1200 10000 19167 23083 28917 100000 52174 43321 34582
1500 12500 23958 28854 36146 80000 41739 34657 27666
2000 16667 31944 38472 48194 60000 31304 25993 20749
3000 25000 47917 57708 72292 40000 20870 17329 13833
any CtAmps 12000
CtAmps 62609
CtAmps 51986
CtAmps 41499
120000 CtAmps
62609 CtAmps
51986 CtAmps
41499 CtAmps
Table 7 Scale Factors - Per-Phase Outputs (Option P3)
Scale Factor EquationsUsing the ldquoWatt-hours per pulserdquo WHpP value from the table above for your model and current
transformer you can compute energy and power as follows
PulseCount - This is the count of pulses used to compute energy You can use the count of
pulses over specified periods of time (like a month) to measure the energy for that period of
time
PulseFreq - This is the measured pulse frequency (Hertz) out of the meter This can also be
computed by counting the number of pulses in a fixed period of time and then dividing by the
number of seconds in that time period For example if you count 720 pulses in five minutes
(300 seconds) then PulseFreq = 720 300 = 240 Hz
Energy (watt-hours) = WHpP PulseCount
Power (watts) = WHpP 3600 PulseFreq
To convert these values to kilowatt-hours and kilowatts divide by 1000
Operating Instructions 27
Using the ldquoPulses Per kilowatt-hourrdquo PpKWH value from the table above for your model and
current transformer you can compute energy and power as follows (multiply by 1000 to convert
kilowatts to watts)
Energy (kilowatt-hours) = PulseCount PpKWH
Power (kilowatts) = 3600 PulseFreq PpKWH
Power and Energy EquationsThis section shows how to compute power and energy from pulses for any full-scale pulse output
frequency The power is proportional to the pulse frequency while the energy is proportional to
the count of pulses
For these calculations we use the following variables
NVac - This is the nominal line voltage (phase to neutral) of the WattNode model For delta
model this is a virtual voltage since there may not be a neutral connection Note this is not the actual measured voltage
PpPO - ldquoPhases per Pulse Outputrdquo This is the number of meter voltage phases associ-
ated with a pulse output channel This may be different than the number of phases you are
monitoring
Standard and Option DPO (Dual Positive Outputs) PpPO = 3
Option P3 (Per-Phase Outputs) PpPO = 1
Option PV (Photovoltaic) PpPO = 2 for outputs P1 and P2 PpPO = 1 for output P3 CtAmps - This is the current transformer (CT) rated amps Note If the conductors being
measured are passed through the CTs more than once then CtAmps is the rated CT current
divided by the number of times that the conductor passes through the CT
FSHz - This is the full-scale pulse frequency of the meter It is 400 Hz unless the meter was
ordered with Option Hz=xxx (where xxx specifies the full-scale pulse frequency) or Option Kh
PulseCount - This is the measured pulse count used to compute energy You can use the
count of pulses over specified periods of time (such as a month) to measure the energy for
that period of time
PulseFreq - This is the measured pulse frequency from one of the pulse channels (P1 P2
or P3) This can be computed by counting the number of pulses in a fixed period of time and
then dividing by the number of seconds in that time period For example if you count 720
pulses in five minutes (300 seconds) then PulseFreq = 720 300 = 240 Hz
The values of the constant parameters are in the following table
WattNode Models NVac Standard FSHz ValuesWNB-3Y-208-P 120 400 Hz
WNB-3Y-400-P 230 400 Hz
WNB-3Y-480-P 277 400 Hz
WNB-3Y-600-P 347 400 Hz
WNB-3D-240-P 120 400 Hz
WNB-3D-400-P 230 400 Hz
WNB-3D-480-P 277 400 Hz
Note these are ldquovirtualrdquo line-to-neutral voltages used for delta model power
and energy computations
Table 8 Power and Energy Parameters
28 Operating Instructions
Watt-Hours per Pulse
FSHz 3600PpPO NVac CtAmpsWHpP =
Watt-Hours per Pulse per CT Rated AmpThere is an alternate way of computing the energy reported by a meter using the variable
WHpPpA (watt-hours per pulse per CT rated amp) If you multiply the WHpPpA by the amp rating
of your CTs the result will be the watt-hours measured each time the meter generates a pulse
EnergyPerPulse (WH) = WHpPpA CtAmps
The standard WHpPpA values are listed in the following table These only apply for models with a
400 Hz full-scale pulse frequency
WattNode ModelsWatt-Hours per Pulse per CT Rated Amp (FSHz = 400)
Standard and
Option DPO Outputs
Option P3
Per-Phase Outputs
WNB-3Y-208-P 002500 0008333
WNB-3Y-400-P 004792 001597
WNB-3Y-480-P 005771 001924
WNB-3Y-600-P 007229 002410
WNB-3D-240-P 002500 0008333
WNB-3D-400-P 004792 001597
WNB-3D-480-P 005771 001924
Table 9 Watt-Hours per Pulse per CT Rated Amp
For example a WNB-3Y-208-P with a full-scale pulse frequency of 400 Hz has a WHpPpA value
of 00250 With 15 amp CTs it will output one pulse for every 0375 watt-hours
(0025) (150 amps) = 0375 watt-hours
It is easy to use the WHpPpA value to compute energy
Energy (Wh) = WHpPpA CtAmps PulseCount
For non-standard models you can compute WHpPpA as follows
FSHz 3600PpPO NVacWHpPpA =
Energy EquationThe following equation computes the energy (watt-hours) associated with a pulse output channel
By using the PulseCount for different periods of time (day week month etc) you can measure
the energy over different time periods You can convert this to kilowatt-hours by dividing by 1000
The 3600 term in the denominator converts from watt-seconds to watt-hours Note use NVac
value from Table 8 above
FSHz 3600Energy (WH) =
NVac PpPO CtAmps PulseCount
Pulses per Watt-Hour
NVac PpPO CtAmpsFSHz 3600PpWH =
Operating Instructions 29
Pulses Per Kilowatt-Hour
NVac PpPO CtAmpsFSHz 3600 1000PpKWH =
Full-Scale Power EquationThe following equation computes the nominal full-scale power associated with a pulse output
channel For bidirectional output models this is the full-scale power for all phases together For
per-phase output models this is the full-scale power for a single phase Note use NVac value
from Table 8 Power and Energy Parameters above
Full-Scale Power (W) = NVac PpPO CtAmps
Power EquationThe following equation computes the power associated with a pulse output The PulseFreq value
may be measured or averaged over different time periods to compute the average power (also
called demand) Note use NVac value from Table 8 above
FSHzNVac PpPO CtAmps PulseFreqPower (W ) =
Maintenance and RepairThe WattNode Pulse meter requires no maintenance There are no user serviceable or replace-
able parts except the pluggable screw terminals
The WattNode meter should not normally need to be cleaned but if cleaning is desired power
must be disconnected first and a dry or damp cloth or brush should be used
The WattNode meter is not user serviceable In the event of any failure the meter must be
returned for service (contact CCS for an RMA) In the case of a new installation follow the diag-
nostic and troubleshooting instructions before returning the meter for service to ensure that the
problem is not connection related
30 Specifications
SpecificationsModels
ModelNominal Vac
Line-to-NeutralNominal Vac Line-to-Line
Phases Wires
WNB-3Y-208-P 120 208ndash240 3 4
WNB-3Y-400-P 230 400 3 4
WNB-3Y-480-P 277 480 3 4
WNB-3Y-600-P 347 600 3 4
WNB-3D-240-P 120 208ndash240 3 3ndash4
WNB-3D-400-P 230 400 3 3ndash4
WNB-3D-480-P 277 480 3 3ndash4
Note the delta models have an optional neutral connection that may be used for measuring
wye circuits In the absence of neutral voltages are measured with respect to ground Delta
WattNode models use the phase A and phase B connections for power
Table 10 WattNode Models
Model OptionsAny of these models are available with the following options
Bidirectional Outputs - (this is the standard model) This model has two pulse output chan-
nels P1 generates pulses in proportion to the total real positive energy while P2 generates
pulses in proportion to the total real negative energy The individual phase energies are all
added together every 200 ms If the result is positive it is accumulated for the P1 output if
negative it is accumulated for the P2 output If one phase has negative power (-100 W) while
the other two phases have positive power (+100 W each) the negative phase will subtract
from the positive phases resulting in a net of 100 W causing pulses on P1 but no pulses on
P2 There will only be pulses on P2 if the sum of all three phases is negative
Option P3 Per-Phase Outputs - Models with this option have three pulse output channels
P1 P2 and P3 Each generates pulses in proportion to the real positive energy measured on
one phase (phases A B and C respectively)
Option DPO Dual Positive Outputs - This option is like the standard model with
bidirectional outputs but with the addition of the P3 output channel The P3 chan-
nel indicates positive real energy just like the P1 channel This is useful when the meter
needs to be connected to two different devices such as a display and a data logger See
Manual Supplement MS-11 Option DPO (Dual Positive Outputs) for details
Option PV Photovoltaic - The photovoltaic option measures residential PV systems It
allows one WattNode meter to measure the bidirectional total house energy and the PV (or
wind) generated energy See Manual Supplement MS-10 Option PV (Photovoltaic) for details
Option Hz Custom Pulse Output Frequency - WattNode meters are available with custom
full-scale pulse output frequencies ranging from 001 Hz to 600 Hz (150 Hz maximum for
Options P3 DPO and PV ) For custom frequencies specify Option Hz=nnn where nnn
is the desired full-scale frequency To specify different frequencies for P1 P2 and P3 use
Option Hz=rrrsssttt where P1 frequency = rrr P2 frequency = sss P3 frequency = ttt
Option SSR Solid State Relay Output - Replaces the standard optoisolator outputs with
solid state relays capable of switching 500 mA at up to 40 Vac or plusmn60 Vdc See Option SSR Outputs below for details
Option TVS=24 - Install 24 V bidirectional TVS protection diodes across P1 P2 and P3
outputs Used with Option SSR when driving 12 Vdc electromechanical counters to protect
the solid-state relays from the inductive kickback of the counter
Specifications 31
Option PW Pulse Width - This specifies the pulse ON (closed or conducting) period in
milliseconds For example Opt PW=100 configures 100 millisecond pulse ON periods See
Manual Supplement MS-17 Option PW (Pulse Width) for details
Option Kh Watt-hour Constant - This specifies the watt-hour constant or the number of
watt-hours that must accumulate for each pulse generated by the meter Each pulse includes
an ON (conducting) and OFF period The number of watt-hours may be small even less than
one or large For example Opt Kh=1000 specifies one pulse per 1000 watt-hours (one pulse
per kilowatt-hour) See httpwwwccontrolsyscomwOption_Kh
Option CT Current Transformer Rated Amps - This specifies the rated
amps of the attached current transformers This is only used in conjunc-
tion with Option Kh It may be specified as Opt CT=xxx or Opt CT=xxxyyyzzz if there are CTs with different rated amps on different phases See
httpwwwccontrolsyscomwWattNode_Pulse_-_Option_CT_-_CT_Rated_Amps
AccuracyThe following accuracy specifications do not include errors caused by the current transformer
accuracy or phase angle errors ldquoRated currentrdquo is the current that generates a CT output voltage
of 033333 Vac
Condition 1 - Normal OperationLine voltage -20 to +15 of nominal
Power factor 10
Frequency 48 - 62 Hz
Ambient Temperature 25degC
CT Current 5 - 100 of rated current
Accuracy plusmn05 of reading
Condition 2 - Low CT CurrentAll conditions the same as Condition 1 exceptCT Current 1 - 5 of rated current
Accuracy plusmn10 of reading
Condition 3 ndash Very Low CT CurrentAll conditions the same as Condition 1 exceptCT Current 02 - 1 of rated current
Accuracy plusmn30 of reading
Condition 4 - High CT CurrentAll conditions the same as Condition 1 exceptCT Current 100 - 120 of rated current
Accuracy plusmn10 of reading
Condition 5 - Low Power FactorAll conditions the same as Condition 1 exceptPower factor 05 (plusmn60 degree phase shift between current and voltage)
Additional Error plusmn05 of reading
Condition 6 - Temperature VariationAll conditions the same as Condition 1 exceptAmbient Temperature -30degC to +55degC
Additional Error plusmn075 of reading
32 Specifications
Note Option PV WattNode models may not meet these accuracy specifications for the P3
output channel when measuring a two-phase inverter or multiple inverters
Pulse OutputsFactory Programmable Full-Scale Pulse Frequencies
Standard (All Models) 400 Hz
Custom (Bidirectional Output Models) 001 Hz to 600 Hz
Custom (Option P3 Option PV Option DPO) 001 Hz to 150 Hz
Absolute Maximum Pulse Output FrequenciesStandard Models (Bidirectional Outputs) 900 Hz
Option P3 Option PV Option DPO 200 Hz
Output Waveform square-wave ~50 duty cycle
Option PW programmable pulse ON (closed or conducting period 1 to 65535 milliseconds
Optoisolator OutputsIsolation 5000 Vac RMS
Breakdown Voltage (collectorndashemitter) 60 V (exceeding this may destroy the outputs)
Maximum Reverse Voltage (emitter-collector) 5 Vdc (exceeding may destroy the outputs)
Maximum Leakage (OFF) Current (collectorndashemitter) 100 nA
Recommended Load Current (collectorndashemitter) 1 μA (microamp) to 5 mA (milliamp)
Maximum Load (collectorndashemitter) Current ~8 mA
Approximate ON Resistance (as measured by a DMM) 100 Ω to 2000 Ω
Approximate OFF Resistance (as measured by a DMM) gt 50 MΩ
MeasurementCreep Limit 0067 (11500th) of full-scale Whenever the apparent power (a combination of the
real and reactive power values) for a phase drops below the creep limit the output power (real)
for the phase will be forced to zero Also if the line voltage for a phase drops below 20 of
nominal Vac the output power for the phase will be set to zero These limits prevent spurious
pulses due to measurement noise
Update Rate ~200 milliseconds Internally the consumed energy is measured at this rate and
used to update the pulse output rate
Start-Up Time approximately 500 milliseconds The meter starts measuring power and generat-
ing pulses 500 milliseconds after AC voltage is applied
Current Transformer Phase Angle Correction 10 degree leading Current transformers (CTs)
typically have a leading phase angle error ranging from 02 degrees to 25 degrees The
WattNode meter is normally programmed to correct for a 10 degree phase lead to provide
good accuracy with typical CTs
Over-Voltage Limit 125 of nominal Vac If the line voltage for one or more phases exceeds this
limit the status LEDs for these phases will flash alternating red-green as a warning Extended
over-voltage operation can damage the meter and void the warranty See Line Voltage Too High (p 21)
Over-Current Limit 120 of rated current Exceeding 120 of rated current will not harm the
WattNode meter but the current and power will not be measured accurately
Specifications 33
Saturation Voltage vs Load Current this is the typical voltage (at room temperature) mea-
sured between the COM terminal and P1 P2 or P3 when the optoisolator is on (conduct-
ing) Ideally this voltage would be zero but instead it varies with the load current
10
100
1000
001 01 1 10
Opt
oiso
lato
r Sat
urat
ion
Vce
(mill
ivol
ts)
Optoisolator Current (mA)
Figure 13 Optoisolator Saturation Voltage vs Load Current
Output Rise Time (microseconds) approximately Rpullup 100 where Rpullup is the pull-
up resistor value (in ohms) and the pull-up voltage is 5 Vdc Rise time is defined as the time
for the output voltage to rise from 20 to 80 of the pull-up voltage
Output Fall Time approximately 2-3 microseconds with a 5 Vdc pull-up voltage
Option SSR OutputsIsolation 5000 Vac RMS
Breakdown Voltage plusmn60 Vdc or 40 Vac can switch positive negative or AC voltages
Maximum Leakage (Off) Current 1000 nA (1 μA)
On Resistance 10 to 25 Ω
Maximum Load Current 500 mA
Output Turn On Time (milliseconds) 18 ms typical 50 ms maximum
Output Turn Off Time (milliseconds) 05 ms typical 20 ms maximum
Maximum Recommended Pulse Frequency 30 Hz
ElectricalPower Consumption The following table shows typical power consumption and power factor
values with all three phases powered at nominal line voltages The power supply draws
most of the total power consumed while the measurement circuitry draws 1-10 of the total
(6-96 milliwatts per phase depending on the model) Due to the design of the power supply
WattNode meters draw slightly more power at 50 Hz
34 Specifications
ModelActive
Power at 60 Hz
Active Power at
50 Hz
Power Factor
Rated Power
Power Supply Range
Power Supply
TerminalsWNB-3Y-208-P 16 W 18 W 075 3 W 96 ndash 138 Vac N and OslashAWNB-3Y-400-P 16 W 18 W 064 3 W 184 ndash 264 Vac N and OslashAWNB-3Y-480-P 21 W 24 W 063 4 W 222 ndash 318 Vac N and OslashAWNB-3Y-600-P 12 W 12 W 047 3 W 278 ndash 399 Vac N and OslashAWNB-3D-240-P 17 W 19 W 063 4 W 166 ndash 276 Vac OslashA and OslashBWNB-3D-400-P 14 W 15 W 047 3 W 320 ndash 460 Vac OslashA and OslashBWNB-3D-480-P 18 W 22 W 053 4 W 384 ndash 552 Vac OslashA and OslashB
Table 11 Power Supply Characteristics
Note This is the maximum rated power at 115 of nominal Vac at 50 Hz This is the same as
the rated power that appears on the front label of the meter
Maximum Operating Power Supply Voltage Range -20 to +15 of nominal (see table
above) For the WNB-3D-240-P this is -20 of 208 Vac (166 Vac) to +15 of 240 Vac (276
Vac)
Operating Frequencies 5060 Hz
Measurement Category CAT III
Measurement category III is for measurements performed in the building installation Examples
are measurements on distribution boards circuit-breakers wiring including cables bus-bars
junction boxes switches socket-outlets in the fixed installation and equipment for industrial
use and some other equipment for example stationary motors with permanent connection to
the fixed installation
The line voltage measurement terminals on the meter are rated for the following CAT III volt-
ages (these ratings also appear on the front label)
Model CAT III Voltage RatingWNB-3Y-208-P
WNB-3D-240-P
240 Vac
WNB-3Y-400-P
WNB-3D-400-P
400 Vac
WNB-3Y-480-P
WNB-3D-480-P
480 Vac
WNB-3Y-600-P 600 Vac
Table 12 WattNode CAT III Ratings
Current Transformer InputsNominal Input Voltage (At CT Rated Current) 033333 Vac RMS
Absolute Maximum Input Voltage 50 Vac RMS
Input Impedance at 5060 Hz 23 kΩ
Specifications 35
CertificationsSafety UL 61010-1 CANCSA-C222 No 61010-1-04 IEC 61010-1
Immunity EN 61326 2002 (Industrial Locations)
Electrostatic Discharge EN 61000-4-2 4 kV contact 8 kV air (B) Self-Recovering
Radiated RF Immunity EN 61000-4-3 10 Vm (A) No Degradation
Electrical Fast Transient Burst EN 61000-4-4 2 kV (B) Self-Recovering
Surge Immunity EN 61000-4-5 1 kV IO 4 kV AC (B) Self-Recovering
Conducted RF Immunity EN 61000-4-6 3 V (A) No Degradation
Voltage Dips Interrupts EN 61000-4-11 (B) Self-Recovering
Emissions FCC Part 15 Class B EN 55022 1994 Class B
EnvironmentalOperating Temperature -30degC to +55degC (-22degF to 131degF)
Altitude Up to 2000 m (6560 ft)
Operating Humidity non-condensing 5 to 90 relative humidity (RH) up to 40degC decreasing
linearly to 50 RH at 55degC
Pollution POLLUTION DEGREE 2 - Normally only non-conductive pollution occasionally a
temporary conductivity caused by condensation must be expected
Indoor Use Suitable for indoor use
Outdoor Use Suitable for outdoor use when mounted inside an electrical enclosure (Hammond
Mfg Type EJ Series) that is rated NEMA 3R or 4 (IP 66)
MechanicalEnclosure High impact ABS andor ABSPC plastic
Flame Resistance Rating UL 94V-0 IEC FV-0
Size 153 mm times 85 mm times 38 mm (602 in times 335 in times 150 in)
Weight 285 gm (101 oz) 314 gm (111 oz)
Connectors Euroblock style pluggable terminal blocks
Green up to 12 AWG (25 mm2) 600 V
Black up to 12 AWG (25 mm2) 300 V
Current TransformersWattNode meters use CTs with built-in burden resistors generating 033333 Vac at rated AC cur-
rent The maximum input current rating is dependent on the CT frame size (see the tables below)
Exceeding the maximum input current rating may damage CTs but should not harm the meter
None of these CTs measure DC current and the accuracy can be degraded in the presence of DC
currents as from half-wave rectified loads The solid-core CTs are most susceptible to saturation
due to DC currents
WattNode meters should only be used with UL recognized current transformers which are avail-
able from Continental Control Systems Using non-approved transformers will invalidate the meter
UL listing The following sections list approved UL recognized current transformers
36 Specifications
Common CT SpecificationsType voltage output integral burden resistor
Output Voltage at Rated Current 033333 Vac (one-third volt)
Standard CT Wire Length 24 m (8 feet)
Optional CT Wire Length up to 30 m (100 feet)
Split-Core CTsAlso called ldquoopeningrdquo current transformers These are UL recognized under UL file numbers
E96927 or E325972 CTM-0360-xxx CTS-0750-xxx CTS-1250-xxx CTS-2000-xxx where xxx
indicates the full scale current rating between 0005 and 1500 amps
The accuracy of the split-core CTs are specified from 10 to 100 of rated AC current The
phase angle is specified at 50 of rated current (amps) Some low current split-core CTs have
unspecified phase angle errors
ModelInside
DiameterRated Amps (-xxx)
Accuracy Phase Angle
Maximum Amps
CTM-0360-xxx 030 (75 mm) 5 15 30 50 70 plusmn1 lt2deg 100
CTS-0750-xxx 075rdquo (190 mm) 5 15 30 50 plusmn1 not spec 200
CTS-0750-xxx 075rdquo (190 mm) 70 100 150 200 plusmn1 lt2deg 200
CTS-1250-xxx 125rdquo (317 mm) 70 100 plusmn1 not spec 600
CTS-1250-xxx 125rdquo (317 mm) 150 200 250 300 400 600 plusmn1 lt2deg 600
CTS-2000-xxx 200rdquo (508 mm) 600 800 1000 1200 1500 plusmn1 lt2deg 1500
Table 13 Split-core CTs
Split-Core Bus Bar CTsThese current transformers are referred to as ldquobus barrdquo CTs because they are available in larger
and custom sizes appropriate for use with bus bars or multiple large conductors These are UL
recognized under UL file number E325972 CTB-wwwXhhh-xxx where www and hhh indicate
the width and height in inches and xxx indicates the full scale current rating
The accuracy of the split-core bus bar CTs is specified from 10 to 100 of rated current The
phase angle is specified at 50 of rated current (amps)
Model OpeningRated Amps
Accuracy Phase Angle
Maximum Amps
CTB-15x35-0600 15 x 35 (381 mm x 889 mm) 600 plusmn15 lt15deg 750
CTB-40x40-0800 40 x 40 (1016 mm x 1016 mm) 800 plusmn15 lt15deg 1000
CTB-40x40-1200 40 x 40 (1016 mm x 1016mm) 1200 plusmn15 lt15deg 1500
CTB-40x40-2000 40 x 40 (1016 mm x 1016 mm) 2000 plusmn15 lt15deg 2500
CTB-45x40-3000 45 x 40 (1143 mm x 1016 mm) 3000 plusmn15 lt15deg 3750
CTB-wwwxhhh-xxxx Custom (www by hhh inches) xxxx plusmn15 lt15deg 4000
Table 14 Split-core Bus Bar CTs
Solid-Core CTsAlso called ldquotoroidrdquo or ldquodonutrdquo current transformers These are UL recognized under UL
file number E96927 CTT-0750-100N CTT-1250-400N CTT-0300-030N CTT-0500-060N
CTT-1000-200N CTT-0300-005N CTT-0300-015N CTT-0500-050N CTT-0500-030N
CTT-0500-015N CTT-0750-070N CTT-0750-050N CTT-0750-030N CTT-1000-150N
CTT-1000-100N CTT-1000-070N CTT-1000-050N CTT-1250-300N CTT-1250-250N
CTT-1250-200N CTT-1250-150N CTT-1250-100N CTT-1250-070N
Warranty 37
The accuracy of the solid-core CTs is specified from 10 to 100 of rated current The phase
angle error is specified at 50 of rated current The CT suffix xxx is the rated current The ldquoNrdquo at
the end of the part number indicates a nickel core material which is the only core material avail-
able for our solid-core CTs
ModelInside
DiameterRated Amps (-xxx)
Accuracy Phase Angle
Maximum Amps
CTT-0300-xxxN 030 (76mm) 5 15 20 30 plusmn1 lt1deg 30
CTT-0500-xxxN 050 (127mm) 15 20 30 50 60 plusmn1 lt1deg 60
CTT-0750-xxxN 075 (190mm) 30 50 70 100 plusmn1 lt1deg 100
CTT-1000-xxxN 100 (254mm) 50 70 100 150 200 plusmn1 lt1deg 200
CTT-1250-xxxN 125 (317mm) 70 100 150 200 250 300 400 plusmn1 lt1deg 400
Table 15 Solid-core CTs
WarrantyAll products sold by Continental Control Systems LLC (CCS) are guaranteed against defects in
material and workmanship for a period of five years from the original date of shipment CCSrsquos
responsibility is limited to repair replacement or refund any of which may be selected by CCS at
its sole discretion CCS reserves the right to substitute functionally equivalent new or serviceable
used parts
This warranty covers only defects arising under normal use and does not include malfunctions or
failures resulting from misuse neglect improper application improper installation water damage
acts of nature lightning product modifications alterations or repairs by anyone other than CCS
Except as set forth herein CCS makes no warranties expressed or implied and CCS disclaims and negates all other warranties including without limitation implied warranties of merchantability and fitness for a particular purpose
Limitation of LiabilityIn no event shall CCS be liable for any indirect special incidental punitive or consequen-tial damages of any kind or nature arising out of the sale or use of its products whether such liability is asserted on the basis of contract tort or otherwise including without limitation lost profits even if CCS has been advised of the possibility of such damages
Customer acknowledges that CCSrsquos aggregate liability to Customer relating to or arising out of the sale or use of CCSrsquos products whether such liability is asserted on the basis of contract tort or otherwise shall not exceed the purchase price paid by Customer for the products in respect of which damages are claimed Customer specifically acknowledges that CCSrsquos price for the products is based upon the limitations of CCSrsquos liability set forth herein
CTL Series - 125 Inch Window - 250 and 400 AmpsThe CTL revenue-grade split-core current transformers provide IEEE
C5713 class 06 accuracy with UL listing for energy management
equipment They combine the ease of installation of an opening cur-
rent transformer with the accuracy normally associated with solid-core
current transformers They are an ideal companion to the WattNodereg
Revenue meter for revenue-grade electric power metering applications
bull Very low phase angle error essential for accurate power and energy
measurements
bull IEEEANSI C5713 and IEC 60044-1 accuracy over the full tem-
perature range
bull Glove-friendly operation with one hand
SpecificationsAll specifications are for operation at 60 Hz
bull Accuracy
bull plusmn050 from 15 to 100 of rated primary current
bull plusmn075 from 1 to 15 of rated primary current
bull Phase angle
bull plusmn025 degrees (15 minutes) from 50 to 100 of rated current
bull plusmn050 degrees (30 minutes) from 5 to 50 of rated current
bull plusmn075 degrees (45 minutes) from 1 to 5 of rated current
bull Accuracy standards IEEE C5713 class 06 IEC 60044-1 class 05S
bull Primary rating 250 or 400 Amps 600 Vac 60 Hz nominal
bull Output 33333 mVac at rated current
bull Operating temperature -30degC to 55degC
bull Safe integral burden resistor no shorting block needed
bull Standard lead length 8 ft (24 m) 18 AWG
bull Approvals UL recognized CE mark RoHS
bull Assembled in USA qualified under Buy American provision in ARRA of
2009
Models Amps MSRPCTL-1250-250 Opt C06 250 $ 66
CTL-1250-400 Opt C06 400 $ 66
Revenue-Grade Accuracy
3131 Indian Road bull Boulder CO 80301 USAsalesccontrolsyscom bull wwwccontrolsyscom(888) 928-8663 bull Fax (303) 444-2903
-100
-075
-050
-025
000
025
050
075
100
01 1 10 100 200
Rea
din
g E
rro
r
Percent of Rated Primary Current
CTL-1250 Series Typical Accuracy
CTL-1250-250 Opt C06
CTL-1250-400 Opt C06
-100deg
-075deg
-050deg
-025deg
000deg
025deg
050deg
075deg
100deg
Pha
se A
ngle
Deg
rees
Percent of Rated Primary Current
CTL-1250 Series Typical Phase Error
CTL-1250-250 Opt C06
CTL-1250-400 Opt C06
01 1 10 100 200
bull Graphs show typical performance at 23degC 60 Hz
bull Graph shows a positive phase angle when the
output leads the primary current
CTL-51013 Specifications are subject to change
Patent pending
317(805)
130(330)
368(937)327
(830)
138(350)
114(289)
125(317)
Dimensions in inches(millimeters)
New
Continental Control Systems LLC
PatPatent pee
Minimum System Requirements
Software USB cableUSB bl S ft
Flexible Accurate 4-channel Analog Logger
HOBO UX120 4-Channel Analog Logger
Key Advantages
bull Twice the accuracy over previous models bull 16-bit resolutionbull Flexible support for a wide range of external sensorsbull LCD confirms logger operation and displays near real-time measurement databull Provides minimum maximum average and standard deviation logging optionsbull On-screen alarms notify you when a sensor reading exceeds set thresholdsbull Stores 19 million measurements for longer deployments between offloads
The HOBO UX120-006M Analog Logger is a high-performance LCD display data logger for building performance monitoring applications As Onsetrsquos highest-accuracy data logger it provides twice the accuracy of previous models a deployment-friendly LCD and flexible support up to four external sensors for measuring temperature current CO2 voltage and more
Supported Measurements Temperature 4-20mA AC Current AC Voltage Air Velocity Carbon Dioxide Compressed Air Flow DC Current DC Voltage Gauge Pressure Kilowatts Volatile Organic Compound (sensors sold separately)
USB cable included with software
For complete information and accessories please visit wwwonsetcompcom
Part number UX120-006M (4-Channel Analog)
Memory 19 MillionLogging Rate 1 second to 18 hours user selectableLogging Modes Normal Burst StatisticsMemory Modes Wrap when full or stop when fullTime Accuracy plusmn1 minute per month at 25degC (77degF)Battery Life 1 year typical with logging rate of 1 minute and sampling interval of 15 seconds or greater user replaceable 2 AAADimensions 108 x 541 x 254 cm (425 x 213 x 1 in)Operating Range Logging -20deg to 70degC (-4deg to 158degF) 0 to 95 RH (non-condensing)Accuracy plusmn01 mV plusmn01 of readingCE Compliant Yes
Log type J K T E R S B or N thermocouplesHOBOreg UX120 4-Channel Thermocouple Logger
Supported Measurements Temperature
Minimum System Requirements
Software USB cableUSB bl S ft
For complete information and accessories please visit wwwonsetcompcom
Part number UX120-014M (Thermocouple)
Internal TemperatureRange -20deg to 70degC (-4deg to 158degF)Accuracy plusmn021degC from 0deg to 50degC (plusmn038degF from 32deg to 122degF)Resolution 0024degC at 25degC (004degF at 77degF)Drift lt01degC (018degF) per year
LoggerLogging Rate 1 second to 18 hours 12 minutes 15 secondsLogging Modes Normal Burst StatisticsMemory Modes Wrap when full or stop when fullTime Accuracy plusmn1 minute per month at 25degC (77degF)Battery Life 1 year typical with logging rate of 1 minute and sampling interval of 15 seconds or greater user replaceable 2 AAADimensions 108 x 541 x 254 cm (425 x 213 x 1 in)Operating Range Logging -20deg to 70degC (-4deg to 158degF) 0 to 95 RH (non-condensing)CE Compliant Yes
Thermocouple Range Accuracy Resolution(probes sold separately) Type J -210deg to 760degC (-346deg to 1400degF) plusmn06degC (plusmn108degF) plusmn thermocouple probe accuracy 003degC (006degF)Type K -260deg to 1370degC (-436deg to 2498degF) plusmn07degC (plusmn126degF) plusmn thermocouple probe accuracy 004degC (007degF)Type T -260deg to 400degC (-436deg to 752degF) plusmn06degC (plusmn108degF) plusmn thermocouple probe accuracy 002degC (003degF)Type E -260deg to 950degC (-436deg to 1742degF) plusmn06degC (plusmn108degF) plusmn thermocouple probe accuracy 003degC at (005degF)Type R -50deg to 1550degC (-58deg to 2822degF) plusmn22degC (plusmn396degF) plusmn thermocouple probe accuracy 008degC (015degF)Type S -50deg to 1720degC (-58deg to 3128degF) plusmn22degC (plusmn396degF) plusmn thermocouple probe accuracy 008degC (015degF)Type B +60deg to 1820degC (1022deg to 3308degF) plusmn25degC (plusmn45degF) plusmn thermocouple probe accuracy 01degC (018F)Type N -260deg to 1300degC (-436deg to 2372degF) plusmn10degC (plusmn18degF) plusmn thermocouple probe accuracy 006degC (011degF)
USB cable included with software
Key Advantages
bull Easy-to-view LCD display confirms logger operation and battery statusbull Near real-time readout of current temperatures as well as minimum maximum average and standard deviation statisticsbull On-screen alarms notify you if temperatures exceed high or low thresholdsbull Large memory capacity capable of storing 19 million measurementsbull Start stop and restart pushbuttonsbull User-upgradeable firmware
The HOBO UX120 Thermocouple Logger is a four-channel LCD data logger for measuring and recording temperature in a range of monitoring applications The logger makes it easy and convenient to record temperatures over a broad range (-260 to 1820deg C) and can accept up to four J K T E R S B or N type probes In addition to accepting four thermocouple probes the logger features an internal temperature sensor for logging ambient temperatures further extending the application possibilities
Log pulse signals events state changes and runtimesHOBOreg UX120 Pulse Logger
Key Advantages
bull Simultaneously measures and records pulse signals events state changes and runtimesbull Stores over 4 million measurements enabling longer deployments with fewer site visitsbull Streamlines deployment via range of startstop options logger status LEDs and high-speed USB 20 data offloadbull Works with Onsetrsquos E50B2 Power amp Energy Meter to measure Power Factor Reactive Power Watt Hours and more
The HOBO UX120 4-Channel Pulse data logger is a highly versatile 4-channel energy data logger that combines the functionality of four separate energy loggers into one compact unit It enables energy management professionals ndash from energy auditors to building commissioners ndash to easily track building energy consumption equipment runtimes and water and gas flow rates
Supported Measurements Pulse Signals Event Runtime State AC Current AC Voltage Amp Hour Kilowatt Hours Kilowatts Motor OnOff Power Factor Volt-Amps Watt Hours Watts Volt-Amp Reactive Volt-Amp Reactive Hour
Minimum System Requirements
Software USB cable SensorUSB bl S ft S
Part number UX120-017 UX120-017M
Memory 520000 measurements 4000000 measurementsSampling rate 1 second to 18 hoursBattery life 1 year typical user replaceable 2 AAExternal contact Input Electronic solid state switch closure or logic driven digital signals to 24VMax pulse frequency 120 HzMax state event runtime frequency 1 Hz
Resolution Pulse 1 pulse Runtime 1 second State and Event 1 state or eventBits 4 - 32 bits depending on pulse rate and logging intervalLockout time 0 to 1 second in 100 ms stepsOperating temperature range Logging -40ordm to 70ordmC (-40ordm to 158ordmF) 0 to 95 RH (non-condensing)
Dimensions 114 x 63 x 33 cm (45 x 25 x 13 inches)CE compliant Yes
USB cable included with software
For complete information and accessories please visit wwwonsetcompcom
Copyrightcopy 2013 Onset Computer Corporation All rights reserved Onset HOBO HOBOware are registered trademarks of Onset Computer Corporation Other products and brand names may be trademarks or registered trademarks of their respective owners Patented technology (US Patent 6826664) MKT1049-0813
Technical Support (8am to 8pm ET Monday through Friday) wwwonsetcompcomsupportcontact Call 1-877-564-4377
Contact Us Sales (8am to 5pm ET Monday through Friday) Email salesonsetcompcom Call 1-800-564-4377 Fax 1-508-759-9100
HOBOreg 4-Channel Pulse Input Data Logger (UX120-017x) Manual
14638-E
The HOBO 4-Channel Pulse Input data logger records electronic pulses and mechanical or electrical contact closures from external sensing devices Using HOBOwarereg you can easily configure each of its four channels to monitor and record pulse event state or runtime data in a wide variety of applications including tracking building energy consumption monitoring mechanical equipment and recording water and gas flow rates Plus when combined with the E50B2 Energy amp Power Meter (T-VER-E50B2) this logger provides extensive power and energy monitoring capabilities There are two models of the HOBO 4-Channel Pulse Input data logger the UX120-017 stores more than 500000 measurements while the UX120-017M holds more than 4000000 measurements
Specifications Inputs
External Contact Input Electronic solid state switch closure or logic driven digital signals to 24 V
Maximum Pulse Frequency 120 Hz
Maximum State Event Runtime Frequency
1 Hz
Bits 4ndash32 bits depending on pulse rate and logging interval
Maximum Pulses Per Interval
7863960 (using maximum logging rate)
Driven Logic Signal Input Low 04 V Input High 3 to 24 V
Absolute Maximum Rating Maximum Voltage 25 V DC Minimum Voltage -03 V DC
Solid State Switch Closure Input Low lt 10 K Input High gt 500 K
Internal Weak Pull-Up 100 K
Input Impedance Solid state switch closure 100 K pull up Driven signal 45 K
Minimum Pulse Width Contact closure duration 500 uS Driven logic signal 100 uS
Lockout Time 0 to 1 second in 100 ms steps
Edge Detection Falling edge Schmitt Trigger buffer
Preferred Switch State Normally open or Logic ldquo1rdquo state
Logging
Resolution Pulse 1 pulse Runtime 1 second State and Event 1 State or Event
Logging Rate 1 second to 18 hours 12 minutes 15 seconds
Time Accuracy plusmn1 minute per month at 25degC (77degF) (see Plot A on next page)
Battery Life 1 year typical with logging intervals greater than 1 minute and normally open contacts
Battery Type Two AA alkaline or lithium batteries
Memory
Memory UX120-017 520192 measurements (assumes 8-bit) UX120-017M 4124672 measurements (assumes 8-bit)
Download Type USB 20 interface
Download Time 30 seconds for UX120-017 15 minutes for UX120-017M
Physical
Operating Range Logging -40deg to 70degC (-40deg to 158degF) 0 to 95 RH (non-condensing) LaunchReadout 0deg to 50degC (32deg to 122degF) per USB specification
Weight 149 g (526 oz)
Size 114 x 63 x 33 cm (45 x 25 x 13 inches)
Environmental Rating IP50
The CE Marking identifies this product as complying with all relevant directives in the European Union (EU)
HOBO 4-Channel Pulse Input Data Logger
Models UX120-017 UX120-017M
Included Items bull 4 Mounting screws bull 2 Magnets bull Hook amp loop tape bull 4 Terminal block connectors
Required Items bull HOBOware Pro 32 or later bull USB cable (included with
software)
Accessories bull Additional terminal blocks
(A-UX120-TERM-BLOCK) bull Lithium batteries (HWSB-LI)
Additional sensors and accessories available at wwwonsetcompcom
HOBO 4-Channel Pulse Input Data Logger Manual
1-800-LOGGERS 2 wwwonsetcompcom
Specifications (continued)
Plot A Time Accuracy
Logger Components and Operation
StartStop Button Press this button for 3 seconds to start or stop logging data This requires configuring the logger in HOBOware with a Button Start andor a Button Stop (see Setting up the Logger) You can also press this button for 1 second to record an internal event (see Recording Internal Logger Events)
LEDs There are three types of LEDs on the logger to indicate logger operation Logging Waiting and Activity Note that all LEDs will blink when the logger is initially powered (ie when the batteries are installed)
LED Description Logging (green)
Blinks every 2 seconds when the logger is recording data Disable this LED by selecting the Turn Off LEDs option in HOBOware
Waiting (orange)
Blinks every 2 seconds when awaiting a start because the logger was configured with Start At Interval Delayed Start or Button Start settings in HOBOware
Activity (red)
There is one Activity LED per input channel Press the Test button to activate all four Activity LEDs for 10 minutes to determine the state of the four input channels When the logger is recording data the Activity LED for the corresponding channel will blink at every pulse signal Note If you press the Test button during logging then the Activity LED will remain illuminated for any channel that has not been configured to record data
Inputs There are 4 input channels to connect the logger to external sensorsdevices
Terminal Blocks There are 4 terminal blocks included with the logger to plug into the inputs for connecting devices
Test Button Press this button to activate the Activity Lights for 10 minutes to test for contact resistance or voltage signal in any of the four input channels (see the LED table)
Mounting Holes There are four mounting holes two on each side that you can use to mount the logger to a surface (see Mounting the Logger)
USB Port This is the port used to connect the logger to the computer or the HOBO U-Shuttle via USB cable (see Setting up the Logger and Reading Out the Logger)
Setting Up the Logger Use HOBOware Pro to set up the logger including selecting the start and stop logging options configuring the input channels for specific sensor types and entering scaling factors It may be helpful to set up the logger with a Delayed Start or a Button Start first and then bring it to the location where you will mount it to connect the external sensorsdevices and test the connections before logging begins
1 Connect the logger and open the Launch window To connect the logger to a computer plug the small end of the USB cable into the side of the logger and the large end into a USB port on the computer Click the Launch icon on the HOBOware toolbar or select Launch from the Device menu
Important USB specifications do not guarantee operation outside this range of 0degC (32degF) to 50degC (122degF)
2 Select Sensor Type Each of the input channels can be configured to log the following
bull Pulse This records the number of pulse signals per logging interval (the logger records a pulse signal when the input transitions to the logic low) There are built-in scaling factors you can select for supported devices and sensors or you can set your own scaling when you select raw pulse counts You can also adjust the maximum pulse frequency and lockout time as necessary
bull State This records how long an event lasts by storing the date and time when the state of the signal or switch changes (logic state high to low or low to high) The logger checks every second for a state change but will only record a time-stamped value when the state change occurs One state change to the next represents the event duration
bull Event This records the date and time when a connected relay switch or logic low transition occurs (the logger records an event when the input transitions to the logic low) This is useful if you need to know when an event occurred but do not need to know the duration of the event You can also adjust the lockout time to debounce switches
bull Runtime This records the number of state changes that happen over a period of time The logger checks the state of the line once a second At the end of each logging
LEDs StartStop Button
USB Port
Inputs
One of Four Terminal Blocks Test Button Mounting Holes
HOBO 4-Channel Pulse Input Data Logger Manual
1-800-LOGGERS 3 wwwonsetcompcom
interval the logger records how many seconds the line was in the logic low state
3 Choose the logging interval from 1 second to a maximum of 18 hours 12 minutes and 15 seconds (available for Pulse or Runtime logging only)
4 Choose when to start logging
bull Now Logging begins immediately
bull At Interval Logging will begin at the next even interval
bull Push Button Logging will begin once you press the StartStop logging button for 3 seconds
bull On DateTime Logging will begin at a date and time you specify
5 Choose when to stop logging
bull When Memory Fills Logging will end once the logger memory is full
bull Never (wrapping) The logger will record data indefinitely with newest data overwriting the oldest
bull Push Button Logging will end once you press the StartStop logging button for 3 seconds Note If you also configured a Push Button start then you must wait 5 minutes after logging begins before you can use the button to stop logging
bull Specific Stop Date Logging will end at a date and time you specify
6 Select any other logging options as desired and finish the launch configuration Depending on the start type verify that the logging or waiting LED is blinking
Connecting Sensors Transducers or Instruments to the Logger You can connect the logger to an external sensing device using the four input channels To connect a device to the logger
1 Follow the instructions and wiring diagrams in the user manual for the device
2 Connect the device to the terminal block as directed in the device instructions
3 Plug in the terminal block into one of the four inputs (labeled 1 through 4)
4 Press the Test button as needed to activate the Activity LEDs and check whether the logger reads the pulse signal
5 Configure logger launch settings if you have not already
Notes
bull Be sure that all devices are connected before logging begins Any sensorsdevices attached after logging begins will not record accurate data
bull If connecting an E50B2 Energy amp Power Meter (T-VER-E50B2) you have the option to use the default meter settings or your own custom settings
bull If any channels have been configured to record raw pulse counts or events in HOBOware there is also an option to specify lockout time This can prevent false readings from mechanical contactclosure bouncing For more information on setting lockout time see the HOBOware Help
Determining Logging Duration for EventState Data The loggerrsquos storage capacity and logging duration varies depending on several factors including logging interval number of channels configured and the type of data being recorded This table estimates the logging duration based on recording event or state changes on one input channel with logging set to stop when the memory is full To estimate logging duration for multiple event or state channels divide the logging duration by the number of active channels If you want to know exactly how long the logger will run use pulse or runtime modes
Time Between Events
Approximate Total Data Points
Approximate Logging Duration (1 Year Battery Life)
Logger Part Number
1 to 15 seconds
346795 4 to 60 days UX120-017
2749781 32 days to 13 years UX120-017M
16 seconds to 42 minutes
260096 48 days to 21 years UX120-017
2062336 1 to 166 years UX120-017M
43 to 682 minutes
208077 16 to 27 years UX120-017
1649869 13 to 214 years UX120-017M
683 minutes to 182 hours
173397 225 to 360 years UX120-017
1374891 178 to 285 decades UX120-017M
Notes
bull Typical battery life is 1 year
bull The logger can record battery voltage data in an additional channel This is disabled by default Recording battery voltage reduces storage capacity and is generally not used except for troubleshooting
Setting Maximum Pulse Frequency When recording raw pulse counts the logger dynamically adjusts its memory usage from 4 to 32 bits instead of a typical fixed width This results in the ability to store more data using less space which in turn extends logging duration The default pulse rate is 120 Hz which is also the maximum You can adjust this rate in HOBOware (see the HOBOware Help for details) Decreasing the rate will increase logging duration The following table shows examples of how pulse rate and logging interval affect logging duration
Logging Interval
Pulse Rate (Hz)
Number of Bits Required
Approximate Total Data Points
Approximate Logging Duration
1 minute 4 8 520192 361 days
1 minute 50 12 346795 240 days
1 minute 120 16 260096 180 days
Reading Out the Logger There are two options for reading out the logger connect it to the computer with a USB cable and read out it with HOBOware or connect it to a HOBO U-Shuttle (U-DT-1 firmware version 114m030 or higher) and then offload the datafiles from the
HOBO 4-Channel Pulse Input Data Logger Manual
1-800-LOGGERS (564-4377) bull 508-759-9500 wwwonsetcompcom bull loggerhelponsetcompcom
copy 2011ndash2013 Onset Computer Corporation All rights reserved Onset HOBO and HOBOware are trademarks or registered trademarks of Onset Computer Corporation All other trademarks are the property of their respective companies
14638-E
U-Shuttle to HOBOware Refer to the HOBOware Help for more details
Recording Internal Logger Events The logger records several internal events to help track logger operation and status These events which are unrelated to state and event logging include the following
Internal Event Name Definition
Host Connected The logger was connected to the computer
Started The StartStop button was pressed to begin logging
Stopped The logger received a command to stop recording data (from HOBOware or by pushing the StartStop button)
Button UpButton Down
The StartStop button was pressed for 1 second
Safe Shutdown The battery level is 18 V the logger shut down
Mounting the Logger There are three ways to mount the logger using the materials included
bull Screw the logger to a surface with a Phillips-head screwdriver and the four mounting screws using the following dimensions
bull Attach the two magnets to the back of the logger and
then place the logger on a magnetic surface
bull Use the hook-and-loop tape to affix the logger to a surface
Protecting the Logger The logger is designed for indoor use and can be permanently damaged by corrosion if it gets wet Protect it from condensation If it gets wet remove the battery immediately and dry the circuit board It is possible to dry the logger with a hair dryer before reinstalling the battery Do not let the board get too hot You should be able to comfortably hold the board in your hand while drying it
Note Static electricity may cause the logger to stop logging The logger has been tested to 4 KV but avoid electrostatic
discharge by grounding yourself to protect the logger For more information search for ldquostatic dischargerdquo in the FAQ section on onsetcompcom
Battery Information The logger is shipped with two AA alkaline batteries You can also use 15 V AA lithium batteries when deploying the logger in cold environments Expected battery life varies based on the temperature where the logger is deployed and the frequency (the logging interval and the rate of state changes andor events) at which the logger is recording data A new battery typically lasts one year with logging intervals greater than one minute and when the input signals are normally open or in the high logic state Deployments in extremely cold or hot temperatures logging intervals faster than one minute or continuously closed contacts may reduce battery life The logger can also be powered through the USB cable connected to the computer This allows you to read out the logger when the remaining battery voltage is too low for it to continue logging Connect the logger to the computer click the Readout button on the toolbar and save the data as prompted Replace the batteries before launching the logger again To replace the batteries
1 Disconnect the logger from the computer
2 Unscrew the logger case using a Philips-head screwdriver
3 Carefully remove the two batteries
4 Insert two new AA batteries (alkaline or lithium) observing polarity When batteries are inserted correctly all LEDs blink briefly
5 Carefully realign the logger case and re-fasten the screws
WARNING Do not cut open incinerate heat above 85degC (185degF) or recharge the lithium batteries The batteries may explode if the logger is exposed to extreme heat or conditions that could damage or destroy the battery cases Do not dispose of the logger or batteries in fire Do not expose the contents of the batteries to water Dispose of the batteries according to local regulations for lithium batteries
HOBOware provides the option of recording the current battery voltage at each logging interval which is disabled by default Recording battery life at each logging interval takes up memory and therefore reduces logging duration It is recommended you only record battery voltage for diagnostic purposes
457 cm (18 inches)
1016 cm (4 inches)
The Bertreg 110 M
Plug Load Management with Measurement
If yoursquore like most facility managers you suspect that there are large potential savings from plug based loads Unfortunately you lack an easy way to document actual energy usage and savings The Bertreg Plug Load Management System with measurement‐enabled Bertreg 110M units is a brilliant solution
Measure energy use with Bertrsquos real‐time measurement features
Analyze energy use establishing optimal schedules and documenting savings
Control plug based devices throughout your facility
The Plug Load Problem
Studies show that plug based load is a large and growing source of energy use‐ estimated at 20 of energy use for offices and 25 of electricity for schools Yet many schools offices and retail locations are closed for nearly as many hours per year as they are open Bertreg provides the simple sophisticated tools to turn equipment on when buildings are occupied and off when theyrsquore not
How Bertreg Works
Each Bertreg contains a microprocessor that can communicate with the Bertbrain 1000 control software across your wireless network Bertreg can store 7‐day onoff schedules with multiple onoff commands each day This allows you to set schedules that mirror the actual operating hours of your facility and easily modify schedules throughout the year
Measure Analyze and Control
The Bertreg 110M features an energy
measurement chip that monitors the amount of
power flowing through the plug and reports this
information back to the Bertbrain 1000M
software program The measurement feature
allows you to know the actual energy
consumption of your equipment as used in your
facility rather than rely on estimates from
manufacturer spec sheets or industry studies
Load Shedding
Many utilities offer demand management or load shedding programs While you may already
have programs to reduce larger centralized loads such as air conditioning you never had a cost
effective way to add smaller distributed loads until now The Bertreg plug load management
systems makes controlling distributed loads both simple and cost effective Just hook your
water heaters air conditioners and vending machines up to Bert Using our Bertbrain
application you can set up a load shedding group and schedule Now when you have a load
shedding event with the click of a mouse you can easily turn off some or all of your plug load
devices Schedules can be created by groups of devices or type of building you can even cycle
specific buildings or devices for a preset time
ASHRAE 901 and California Title 24 Code Compliance
Since Bertreg provides both measurement and control capabilities in one system the Bertreg Plug
Load Management System helps commercial buildings comply with changes in the CA Title 24
2013 and the ASHRAE 901 2010 and 2013 Energy Codes Did you know the 2010 ASHRAE Code
requires Automatic Receptacle Control for 50 of a buildings receptacles The 2013 ASHRAE
Code requires Electrical Energy Monitoring meaning the receptacle circuits power must be
recorded at least every 15 minutes and reported hourly daily and monthly Similar
requirements are also included in the California Title 24 2013 section titled Electrical Power
Distribution Systems Not only do these code changes apply to new buildings and additions
but alterations to existing buildings such as changing 10 or your lighting load Whether you
are trying to control individual outlets with the Bertreg Smart Plugs or entire circuits with the
Bertreg Inline Series Bert makes ASHRAE 901 and CA Title 24 code compliance both affordable
and efficient
The Bertreg Advantage
Bertreg has many advantages over products such as timers or occupancy sensors Most timers
only hold a single schedule Bertreg can use multiple onoff times that will accurately reflect your
facilityrsquos true operational hours When holidays or summer breaks dictate schedule changes
new schedules are sent to Bertreg with the click of a mouse Since Bertreg is on your network Bertreg
does not have to be reset manually like timers after a power outage Occupancy sensors may
turn vending machines on when your building is unoccupied Your drinks donrsquot need to be
chilled when the cleaning crew or security guard walks by your vending machine at night
Thanks to the simple mass remote control with Bertreg your plug loads can easily be part of a
load shedding or demand curtailment program
The Bertreg Plug Load Management System
The Bertreg Plug Load Management System consists of the Bertbrain 1000 software application
your Wi‐Fi network and a virtually unlimited number of Bertsreg By simply plugging water
coolers coffee machines printers copiers etc into the Bertreg Smart Plug Series (Bertreg 110
Bertreg 110M and Bertreg Vend) or wiring circuits with the Bertreg Inline Series (Bertreg 110I Bertreg
110IR and Bertreg 220I) you can remotely measure analyze and control all of your receptacles
and circuits Bertreg runs on the existing Wi‐Fi network so all devices can be remotely controlled
in mass Each building can have a unique schedule thus turning equipment off during nights
weekends and holidays when buildings are unoccupied The Bertreg Plug Load Management
System installs quickly so energy savings are immediate and payback is 1 to 2 years
Learn more about how K‐12 schools colleges offices hospitals statelocal governments and
retailers are managing plug load with the Bertreg Plug Load Management System by visiting
httpwwwbertbraincom
Measure ‐ Analyze ‐ Control
Best Energy Reduction Technologies 840 First Avenue King of Prussia PA 19406 484‐690‐3820
Bertreg 110M Specifications (CONFIDENTIAL ndash Property of Best Energy Reduction Technologies LLC)
BERT110M_Specs 10-3-13 copy2013 Best Energy Reduction Technologies LLC
Feature Description
Dimensions 35rdquo W x 35rdquo H x 20rdquo D Weight 42 oz Operating Voltage 110 Volts Max Load Current Up to 15A Load Outlets 1 Load Plug Orientation In line with outlet
Push Button Hold 6 Seconds Turns ON Relay Hold 15 Seconds for Ad-Hoc Mode
Measurement Accuracy 5 up to 15 Amps Measurement Display Amps Volts and Watts Every 16 Seconds
Measurement Storage Up to 14 Days on the Unit Up to 3 Years in the Database
Measurement Reporting Hourly Daily Weekly Monthly and Yearly Operating Environment Indoor use
HardwareSoftware 1-Windows PC with Wireless 2-Windows 7 8 or Vista
Communication 80211(Wi-Fi) bg Compatible Protocol UDP Security 80211(WPAWPA2-PSK) (WEP 128) Certifications UL 916 ROHS FCC
PGampErsquos Emerging Technologies Program ET13PGE1063
APPENDIX D ndash ENERGY USE MONITORING RESULTS
All High-Efficacy Lighting Design for the Residential Sector Appendix D Monitored Energy Use Results
Wathen Castanos 1622
Daily load profiles for the lighting loads at the Wathen Castanos 1622 demonstration home are provided below In addition cumulative results over the course of the monitoring period are included Gaps in data are due to network errors Days with missing data were dropped from the analysis resulting in 157 days of monitored energy use spanning November 19 2014 to May 25 2015
The lighting energy use averages 300 kWh per day Extrapolating this average for an assumed usage of 365 days per year results in a calculated annual energy use of 1096 kWh
Figure 1 Total Energy Use for Wathen Castanos 1622 Demonstration Home
000
050
100
150
200
250
300
350
400
450
500
111
920
1411
24
2014
112
920
1412
42
014
129
201
412
27
2014
11
2015
16
2015
111
201
51
162
015
128
201
52
220
152
720
152
122
015
217
201
52
222
015
227
201
53
420
153
920
153
142
015
319
201
53
242
015
329
201
54
320
154
820
154
132
015
418
201
54
232
015
428
201
55
320
155
820
155
132
015
518
201
55
232
015
Daily Lighting Energy Use (kWh)
Figure 2 Weekly Energy Use for Wathen Castanos 1622 Demonstration Home
Figure 3 Energy Use for Mondays
Figure 4 Energy Use of Tuesdays
Figure 5 Energy Use of Wednesdays
Figure 6 Energy Use of Thursdays
Figure 7 Energy Use of Fridays
Figure 8 Energy Use of Saturdays
Figure 9 Energy Use of Sundays
Figure 10 Daily Energy Use over Monitoring Period
NorthWest Homes 2205
Daily lighting load profiles at the NorthWest Homes 2205 demonstration home are provided below In addition cumulative results over the course of the monitoring period are included for the 176 days monitored spanning October 29 2014 to April 20 2015
The lighting energy use averages 124 kWh per day Extrapolating this average for an assumed usage of 365 days per year results in a calculated annual energy use of 4509 kWh
Figure 11 Total Energy Use for NorthWest Homes 2205 Demonstration Home
000
050
100
150
200
250
102
920
1411
32
014
118
201
411
13
2014
111
820
1411
23
2014
112
820
1412
32
014
128
201
412
13
2014
121
820
1412
23
2014
122
820
141
220
151
720
151
122
015
117
201
51
222
015
127
201
52
120
152
620
152
112
015
216
201
52
212
015
226
201
53
320
153
820
153
132
015
318
201
53
232
015
328
201
54
220
154
720
154
122
015
417
201
5
Daily Lighting Energy Use (kWh)
Figure 12 Weekly Cumulative Energy Use for NorthWest Homes 2205 Demonstration Home
Figure 13 Energy Use for Mondays
Figure 14 Energy Use of Tuesdays
Figure 15 Energy Use of Wednesdays
Figure 16 Energy Use of Thursdays
Figure 17 Energy Use of Fridays
Figure 18 Energy Use of Saturdays
Figure 19 Energy Use of Sundays
Figure 20 Energy Use per Day over Monitoring Period Duration
Meritage Homes 3085
Daily load profiles for the ceiling fan and lighting loads at the Meritage 3085 demonstration home are provided below During post-data collection one receptacle was identified as being on the lighting circuit This is included in the 75 days of monitored energy use below spanning January 31 2015 to April 15 2015
The monitored energy use averages 356 kWh per day Extrapolating this average for an assumed usage of 365 days per year results in a calculated annual lighting related energy use of 1300 kWh
Figure 21 Total Energy Use for Meritage 3085 Demonstration Home
0
1
2
3
4
5
6
Daily Lighting Energy Use (kWh)
Figure 22 Weekly Cumulative Energy Use for Meritage 3085 Demonstration Home
Figure 23 Energy Use for Mondays
Figure 24 Energy Use of Tuesdays
Figure 25 Energy Use of Wednesdays
Figure 26 Energy Use of Thursdays
Figure 27 Energy Use of Fridays
Figure 28 Energy Use of Saturdays
Figure 29 Energy Use of Sundays
Figure 30 Energy Use per Day over Monitoring Period Duration