Evolution of cellular wireless systems from 2G to 5G
5G overview
6-13th October 2017
Enrico BuracchiniTIM INNOVATION DEPT.
Up to now….we are here….
Source : Qualcomm presentation @ 5G Tokyo Bay Summit (july 2015)
3
M.2083-02
Gigabytes in a second
Smart home/building
Voice
Smart city
3D video, UHD screens
Work and play in the cloud
Augmented reality
Industry automation
Mission critical application
Self driving car
Massive machine typecommunications
Ultra-reliable and low latencycommunications
Enhanced mobile broadband
Future IMT
«IMT vision»: Usage Scenarios of IMT for 2020 and beyond
[Source: Racc. ITU-R M.2083, “IMT Vision”]
4
5G in a nutshell
5
«IMT2020» Vision Capabilities (ITU R 5D VISION)
.
6
5G features will be phased as it will be not possibleto standardize all in time for Rel-15 completionand early deployments (2018-2020)
• Release 15 (aka phase 1, by June ‘18) will aim at a first phase ofexpected deployments in 2020 (Japan Olympic Games)
• Release 16 (aka phase 2, by Dec ’19) will target the ITU IMT-2020 submission
• Additional “Early drop” milestone (Dec ‘17-March ’18) addedto intercept market needs in Korea (2018 Winter Game) and USA(Verizon trials)
• NR (New Radio) non-standalone hotspots/small cells where (e)LTE provides mainly control plane (dot lines) & wide area coverage, while NR boosts user plane by high bit rate connections
Non standalone «LTE Assisted», EPC Connected
Early Drop Rel15 –NSA (Non Stand Alone)
3GPP Roadmap
SA - Stand Alone
7
►NR -New Radio with cmW/mmW adoption ► “Ultra Network Densification”
► New waveform design & “ultra-lean signalling”
► Massive/Full Dimensional MIMO (>>> 8x8 antennas) & Beamforming
► Cloud/Virtual – RAN: Virtualized access network & base band pooling
► Network Slicing
5G Enablers
8
9
Use Case enhanced BroadBand (eMBB): mmW adoption
• Availability of large spectrum portions of the orderof hundreds of MHz;
• Extremely high data rates, (for example, the 20 Gbps peak downlink indoor environment);
• Very high spatial reuse thanks to beamformingtechniques;
• "Flexible deployment": it is possible to use the radio interface for both user terminals and backhauling / fronthauling access.
BENEFITS• Technologies never used up to now for cellular
networks: initial costs potentially high andchallenges related to RF components, mainly on UEside• High link attenuation (partly attenuated by
beamforming gains) and high sensitivity to"blocking" and absorption phenomena, in additionto the difficulties associated with indoorpenetration
• need for robust and efficient algorithms for track /search of the beams and complex systemmanagement with numerous "directional"connections.
CHALLENGES
10
► Use of OFDM as in LTE, but increasing efficiency in the use of available bandwidth (90% LTE at 95% -98%)
► Different pilot symbols (RS) with respect to LTE, in order to manage the effects of the radio channel above 6GHz, also trying to reduce overhead (OH) and interference generated;
► Adoption of different carrier spacing values (30, 60, 120, 240, 480 KHz and not just 15 kHz as in LTE) to handle different bandwidths and different use cases, even dynamically and possibly simultaneously;
► Adoption of several Cyclix Prefix values to manage different coverage ranges as the frequency range varies;
► "Ultra Lean Signaling": attempts to reduce overhead control channels, both common and dedicated, adoption of "grant free operation" for low latency use and "self contained signaling".
5G: New Radio principles
11
MASSIVE/FD MIMO & BEAMFORMING
• High number of antenna elements at the Base Station;
• Tens of users simultaneously served on the same radio resources thanks to the Multi User MIMO (MU-MIMO) by using beamforming techniques
12
5G: Cloud/Virtual-RAN
Cloud/Virtual-RAN
Easierdeployment
of HetNetScenarios
BB pooling & coordinated
signalprocessing
BB Capacityincrease ( not
peak BB planning) due to centralisation &
virtualisation
KEY WORDSCentralizeCoordinate
Capex/OpexSAVINGS
… improvedEnergy
Efficiency due to
centralisation
Cloud/Virtual-RAN
Base Station
Virtual Base Station Cluster
RF in RRH & different functionalsplits of BB protocols levelsunder discussion
13
↓ Higher Requirements: lower latency, higher bandwidth
↑ Gains from coordination, joint processing
Centralization
↑ Relaxed Requirements: latency and lower bandwidth
↓ Lower Gains from coordination, performance, limited resource pooling
Decentralization
C/V-RAN: Functional Split challenges & complexity
14
5G: Network Slicing
Slice selection
Network Slicing
Services with heterogeneous
requirements (eMBB, IoT, Public Safety,
ULLR) on the sameinfrastructure
Simultaneousaccess to
multiple slices
Slicing is an e2e concept which
spans from CN to the access
network
Dinamic sliceselection
guaranteed for each trafficcomponent
Each sliceaggregates some network functions
Orchestrationneeded to
manage a slicednetwork
Slice selection assistance functionalities
15
Thank You