Factors Affecting World Agriculture Structure
Chapter 3
ADAPTIONFactors Affecting World Agriculture Structure
Adaption
Sum of the adjustments occurring in an organism that promotes its welfare and favors its survival in a specific environment
Symbiotic relationship
When organisms live together in a mutually beneficial relationship
Natural Environmental
Climate, geography, altitude, feed
Important: agriculture must always be practiced within its constraints
Artificial Environment
Factors linked to the economic level and culture of a given society, as well as the steps taken to control the natural environment.
Stresses
Climatic-
Nutritional-
Internal-
Geographical-
Social-
Adaptive Changes
Morphological
Physiological
Behavioral
SOCIAL AND CULTURAL DIFFERENCES
Factors Affecting World Agriculture Structure
Influence
Has a tremendous influence on what people eat or how people use animals.
Example: Animal Rights Movement, Economic Status, etc
Religion
LEVELS OF ECONOMIC DEVELOPMENT
Factors Affecting World Agriculture Structure
Country’s Level of Economic Development
Developed
Developing
Other Terms
First World (developed countries with a market economy)
Second World(Centrally planned economy)
Third World(Developing counties with a market economy)
Centrally Planned Economy
An economy under government control
PriceLaborOther economic inputs are controlled and not
allowed to fluctuate
LEVELS OF AGRICULTURAL DEVELOPMENT
Factors Affecting World Agriculture Structure
The Levels
Developed
Subsistence
Primative
Developed
• A very small proportion of the total population on the farm actively engage in farming
• Highly specialized agriculture with each unit producing only one or two products
• Highly mechanized agriculture with little or no animal or hand labor
• High per capita income• High literacy rate for total population
Subsistence
• Approximately half of the total population engage in farming
• Each farm family produces roughly what it consumes with only a small surplus for sale or barter
• Little mechanization and much hand and animal labor
• Relatively low per capita income for the entire population
• Relative low literacy rate for the entire population
Primitive
• Almost the entire population involved in producing their own food because no one produces a surplus
• Generally a scarcity of food and a low nutritional level
• No mechanization and very little animal power is used in farming
• Extremely low per capita income for the farm population
• Very few literate individuals in the farm or non farm population
What does Developed Agricultural Industries have present?
• Financial Institutions
• Marketing Agencies
• Industrial Institutions
• Government Agencies
Financial Institution
• Safe repository of money• Safe & orderly (not putting savings into
livestock)
Marketing Agencies
• Sell products at satisfactory prices
Industrial Institutions
A. Provide employment for non farm population
B. Wages of those non farm provide a market for agriculture products
C. Industrial workers provide consumer good needed in agriculture (gates)
Government Agencies
• Transportation• Education• Protection