METSOFC“Development of next generation metal based
SOFC stack technology”
GA no: 211940
Niels Christiansen
Topsoe Fuel Cell A/S, Denmark
Project and Partnership Description
METSOFC
Chalmers University of Technology
Main objectives in METSOFC:
• Development of novel metal-
supported cell and stack SOFC tech
nology based on product definitions
and test protocols defined by APU
end users.
• Development and optimize novel
materials, design and manufacturing
processes for metal based SOFC stack
prototypes governed by crucial
product requirements.
Project goals, targets and milestones
� Improved functionality
� Improved reliability
� Improved robustness
� Reduced cost
Cost effective materials
Cost effective processing
Ni+YSZ
YSZ
LSCF
CGO
Stainless
steel
ScYSZ
Novel anode
CGO
LSCF
Metal-supported cell
”beyond State of the Art”
Ceramic based
Anode-supported cell
Technical Approach
LEAN Development
Critical iteration (Lean spirals)
based on new acquired knowledge
Effective short cuts for rapid feedback of
information and results
• Project groups (WPs) with a strong background competences
• Vertical integrated project structure (no overlap between partners)
• Several links to other SOFC projects (EU, national, in-house)
• Rapid cell and stack prototypes at optimal scale for test
• Rapid critical optimization loops (critical iteration)
Technical accomplishmentsMetal supported SOFC fabrication
Vacuum furnace sintering
4 cm2
25 cm2144 cm2
2008 2011Year
300 cm2
Up-scaling cells
Major challenge:
Co-sintering technology
Robustness:
Red-ox stability of ASCs
0.6
0.8
1.0
1.2
OC
V /
V
ASC type A
ASC type B
ASC type C
METSOFC
0.0
0.2
0.4
0.6
0.8
1.0
1.2
1.4
0 10 20 30 40 50 60 70 80 90 100
redox cycle
p(0.
7V)
/ p0(
0.7V
)
ASC type A
ASC type B
ASC type C
METSOFC
Red-ox stability of ASCs (Ni/YSZ anode substrate) an d metal supported SOFCs : OCV (top) and performance degradation (bottom), tes ted at 800 °C
Metal-supported
cell“METSOFC”
Survive !
Anode-supported celltotal failure !
Metallic interconnect
development
Sandvik continuous thin film coating
on strip steel by PVD
Interconnect shapingof pre-coated stip steel
Technical accomplishments
Stack development and interconnects
0
0,2
0,4
0,6
0,8
1
1,2
1,4
0 50 100 150 200 250 300 350 400 450
UI at 680°C
0,5
0,6
0,7
0,8
0,9
1
1,1
1,2
1,3
0 50 100 150 200 250 300 350 400 450
Current Density (mA/cm 2)
Vol
tage
25A
MSC (3G) Better Cell Performance than 2,5G (state of the art anode-supported cell)
3G
2.5G
0
0,5
1
1,5
2
2,5
3
3,5
4
Stack #2 Stack #3 Stack #4 Stack #6
AS
R (
Ohm
cm
2)
Decreasing resistance of stacked MSC’s
680 oC
Technical accomplishments
Stack results
Transportation applications
Hot vibration test
(AVL, Gratz Uni. - EU METSOFC project)
costs for system integrator< 200 US$/kWStack Costs
<30 minWarm-up
cool down phases, when no current is requested from
operator>3000
Medium Thermal cycles (temperature >100°C)
full cool down, approx. 1x per week
>300Deep Thermal cycles (temperature <100°C)
major system malfunction, shut down under oxygen
environment>30
Redox cycles @Operating Temp.
Technical accomplishmentsProgress towards performance indicators
All development steps are characterized by targeted
performance values and compared with presented SoA
data in literature.
Dissemination activities
The METSOFC project has been presented in presentations and posters at
a number of international conferences and research networks
• More than 20 presentations and posters at conferences
• More than 10 peer reviewed papers in relevant scientific journals
• METSOFC project presented at various national strategy group meetings
on SOFC.
Next Generation SOFC development
Future perspectives
FeCr
MIECCGO
ScYSZ
STN/FeCr - Infiltrate
FeCr
MIECCGO
ScYSZ
Cermet - Infiltrate
EU METSOFC Cell2008 -2011
5000 h lifetimeMobile applications
EU METSAPP Cell2012 – 2014
40.000 h lifetimeStationary applications
Corrosion passivationinfiltrated
Collaboration platform
� EU SCOTAS SOFC
� EU DESTA
� EU METPROCELL
� EU EuroFC-Life