Prevalance of PAE in the State of Texas as Assessed by Phosphatidylethanol in Newborn Dried Blood Spot Specimens
Long term effects of low dose prenatal alcohol
Modest fetal growth restriction (Probyn et al Repro Fertil Dev 2012)
Growth deficits in later life (males) (Probyn et al Repro Fertil Dev 2012)
Changes in mammaryndashlactation (Probyn et al Am J Physiol 2013)
Increased anxiety but no impairments in learning amp memory (Cullen et al PLoS One 2013 PLoS one 2014)
Increased fibrosis in the lung (Probyn et al J DOHaD 2014)
Altered metabolic function (Probyn et al PLoS One 2013)
Impaired cardiac function and altered heart structure(Nguyen et al Physiol Rep 2014)
Alcohol around conception causes insulin resistance in male and female offspring at 8 months
MALES FEMALES
Gardebjer et al FASEB 2015
Early Cardiovascular Effects of Prenatal Alcohol Exposure (PAE)
Acute Alcohol Exposure Model
Alcohol treatment (intragastric gavage)
Ultrasound imaging- pre
Ultrasound imaging-post
GD 125 40 min
Ultrasound Imaging- Fetal Blood Flow Analysis
Umbilical Artery
Fetal Middle Cerebral Artery
Fetal HeartAorta
Fetal Internal Carotid Artery
Velocity (mm
s)
ACA
MCAPCA ICA
CCAAA
Ultrasound imaging- Fetal Blood flow analysis
Chart4
VTI
VTI (mm3Sec)
19890441671
43852190276
15048396724
08919574042
IP -all files
Combined_IP_Gavage_Controls
Combined_IP_Gavage_Controls
Velocity (mmsec)
Blood Flow Velocity (mmsec)
VTI
VTI (mm3Sec)
Chart2
Velocity (mmsec)
Acceleration (mmsec2)
8329495956523
2706978689853
7474481651134
4450411545373
IP -all files
Combined_IP_Gavage_Controls
Combined_IP_Gavage_Controls
Velocity (mmsec)
Blood Flow Velocity (mmsec)
VTI
VTI (mm3Sec)
Bake S et al 2011 ACER
Early Effects of PAE
Ethanol Exposed
PAE Is Associated with Flow Reversal
Control
Ethanol exposed
Summary
A single dose of ethanol significantly reduced
blood flow in the developing fetus
bull Middle cerebral artery
bull Internal Carotid Artery
bull Aorta
bull Umbilical artery
Ethanol gavageDetectable blood ethanol
Short-term effect of single dose of ethanol
Bake et al ACER 2012
Chart3
Control
Ethanol - persistent effects
Ethanol - immediate effect
fVTI (Umbilical Artery)
77548482188
77548482188
40968736667
123746479306
43894869524
38031102333
151558004722
6889599574
36610366701
UA
UA
Control
Ethanol - persistent effects
Ethanol - immediate effect
Gestational Age
fVTI (Umbilical Artery)
Aorta
Control
Ethanol - persistent effects
Ethanol - immediate effects
Gestational Age
fAcc (Umbilical Artery)
ICA
ICA
Control
Ethanol - persistent effect
Ethanol - acute effect
Gestational Age
fVTI (Aorta)
MCA
Control
Ethanol - persistent effect
Ethanol - acute effect
Gestational Age
fAcc (Aorta)
Control
Ethanol - persistent effect
Ethanol - acute effect
Gestational Age
fVTI (ICA)
Control
Ethanol -persistent effect
Ethanol -acute effect
Gestational Age
fACC (ICA)
Ethanol - persistent effect
Ethanol - acute effect
Gestational Age
fVTI (MCA)
Control
Ethanol - persistent effect
Ethanol - acute effect
Gestational Age
fACC (MCI)
Chart4
Control
Ethanol - persistent effect
Ethanol - acute effect
fVTI (ICA)
5952247625
5952247625
3354655361
71534870556
33134633143
18161344286
76026049444
3668321125
25515735667
UA
UA
Control
Ethanol - persistent effects
Ethanol - immediate effect
Gestational Age
fVTI (Umbilical Artery)
Aorta
Control
Ethanol - persistent effects
Ethanol - immediate effects
Gestational Age
fAcc (Umbilical Artery)
ICA
ICA
Control
Ethanol - persistent effect
Ethanol - acute effect
Gestational Age
fVTI (Aorta)
MCA
Control
Ethanol - persistent effect
Ethanol - acute effect
Gestational Age
fAcc (Aorta)
Control
Ethanol - persistent effect
Ethanol - acute effect
Gestational Age
fVTI (ICA)
Control
Ethanol -persistent effect
Ethanol -acute effect
Gestational Age
fACC (ICA)
Ethanol - persistent effect
Ethanol - acute effect
Gestational Age
fVTI (MCA)
Control
Ethanol - persistent effect
Ethanol - acute effect
Gestational Age
fACC (MCI)
Chart5
Ethanol - persistent effect
Ethanol - acute effect
Gestational Age
fVTI (MCA)
28916693571
28916693571
20958788887
38075984583
17166134166
16652802083
4349531
1980617675
17414285367
UA
UA
Control
Ethanol - persistent effects
Ethanol - immediate effect
Gestational Age
fVTI (Umbilical Artery)
Aorta
Control
Ethanol - persistent effects
Ethanol - immediate effects
Gestational Age
fAcc (Umbilical Artery)
ICA
ICA
Control
Ethanol - persistent effect
Ethanol - acute effect
Gestational Age
fVTI (Aorta)
MCA
Control
Ethanol - persistent effect
Ethanol - acute effect
Gestational Age
fAcc (Aorta)
Control
Ethanol - persistent effect
Ethanol - acute effect
Gestational Age
fVTI (ICA)
Control
Ethanol -persistent effect
Ethanol -acute effect
Gestational Age
fACC (ICA)
Ethanol - persistent effect
Ethanol - acute effect
Gestational Age
fVTI (MCA)
Control
Ethanol - persistent effect
Ethanol - acute effect
Gestational Age
fACC (MCI)
Effects of Prenatal Alcohol Exposure Persist Across A Lifetime
Multiple Binge Exposure Model
Offspringborn
WeanedIntragastric gavage of ethanol
Ultrasound imaging
125 135 145 155
Gestational day 21
Post-natal21 day
Adults (3 6 amp 12 mo)
a b
Effects of 1st trimester-equivalent exposure on late cardiovascular effects on the offspring
Bake et al 2017 ACER
Summary
Fetal alcohol exposed adults showed region specific blood flow acceleration in1 Carotid artery 2 Intra-renal (lobar) artery 3 Renal artery X4 Femoral Artery X