Friday 12th July 2013
Tees Valley Public Health Shared Services
Valuing the Difference Workshop
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Myers Briggs Type Indicator- provide a framework to:
1. Helps you to understand yourself and others2. There are no right or wrong3. Explores different styles4. Helps us to expect and value differences
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Myers Briggs Type Indicator• Showing preference for one of two
opposites on four dimensions (or in four different areas)
• when your preferred approach is used you generally feel most confident and natural
• we use both preferences at different times, but not both at once or with equal comfort and confidence
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MYERS-BRIGGS TYPE INDICATOR ( MBTI ) - HISTORY
• Based on C.G.Jung’s theory of personality types
• Two types of people, extroverts and introverts (where we get our energy)
• 10 years of research, subdivided extravert and introvert types into 8 types (mental functions)
• sensing versus intuition (how we process information)
• thinking versus feeling (how we make decisions)
• Myers and Briggs built on Jung’s research – extended model by adding judging and perceiving dichotomy (how we deal with the outer world)
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MBTI Four Dimensions
IIntrovert EExtrovertiNNtuitive SSensing
TThinking FFeeling
PPerception JJudging
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Energy
RM 3-7
EXTRAVERSION INTROVERSION
Being energised through contact with other people or
through engaging in activities (the outer world)
Being energised through ideas, quiet times,
or solitude
(the inner world)
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Where do you prefer to focus your attention. How are you energised?
E (Extrovert)Initiating
◦ Sociable, congenial, introduce people
Expressive◦ Demonstrative, easier to know, self
revealing
Gregarious◦ Seek popularity, broad circle of friends
Active◦ Interactive, want contact
Enthusiastic◦ Lively, energetic, seek spotlight
I (Introvert)Receiving
◦ Reserved, low key, are introduced
Contained◦ Controlled, harder to know, private
Intimate◦ Seek intimacy, one to one, find
individuals
Reflective◦ Onlooker, prefer space
Quiet◦ Calm, enjoy solitude, seek
background
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How are you energised?
E Prefer to communicate by
talking Work out ideas by talking
them through Learn best by doing or
discussing Have broad range of
interests Sociable and expressive Readily take initiative in
work and relationships
I Prefer to communicate in
writing Work out ideas by reflecting
on them Learn best by reflection and
mental ‘practice’ Focus in depth on their
interests Private and contained Take initiative when the
situation or issue is very important to them
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Talking in a Group
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E’s may think I’s are withholding information when they are processing internally.
I’s may think E’s are changing their minds when they are processing a decision verbally
Something to be aware of ……
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How do you take in information?S (Sensing)Concrete
– Exact facts, literal, tangible
Realistic– Sensible, matter of fact, seek
efficiency
Practical– Pragmatic, results orientated
Experiential– Hands-on, trust experience
Traditional– Conventional, customary, tried
and tested
N (iNtuition)• Abstract
– Figurative, symbolic, intangible
• Imaginative– Resourceful, inventive, seek
novelty• Conceptual
– Ideas orientated• Theoretical
– Seek patterns, hypothetical, trust theories
• Original– Unconventional, different,
new and unusual
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How do you take in information? S Present realities Factual and concrete Focus on what is real and actual Observe and remember details Build carefully and thoroughly
towards conclusions Understand ideas and theories
through practical applications Trust experience
N• Future possibilities• Imaginative and creative• Focus on patterns and
meanings in data• Remember details when
they relate to a pattern• Move quickly to
conclusions, follow hunches
• Want to clarify ideas and theories before putting them into practice
• Trust inspiration
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S’s may think N’s are changing the subject when they are generating new possibilities
N’s may think S’s are unimaginative when they are being realistic about practical matters
Something to be aware of ……
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“A frequent mistake Intuitive types make in communicating about change is to assume that the amount of information that convinced them of the need for change will be sufficient for the sensing type”.
Sue G Clancy Developing leaders
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Two ways of making decisions(Judgement)
Feeling Decisions- Makes decisions based on
personal values and convictions
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Thinking Decisions- Makes decisions based on objective analysis and logic
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How do you prefer to make decisions?T (Thinking)Logical
◦ Impersonal, seek impartiality, objective analysis
Reasonable◦ Truthful, cause and effect, apply
principles
Questioning◦ Precise, challenging, want discussion
Critical◦ Sceptical, want proof
Tough ◦ Firm, tough minded, ends orientated
F (Feeling)Empathetic
◦ Personal, seek harmony, central values
Compassionate◦ Tactful, sympathetic, loyal
Accommodating◦ Approving, agreeable, want harmony
Accepting◦ Tolerant, trusting, give praise
Tender ◦ Gently, tender hearted, means
orientated
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How do you prefer to make decisions?T Analytical Use case and effect
reasoning Solve problems with logic Strive for an objective
standard of truth Reasonable Can be ‘tough minded’ Fair – want everyone to
be treated equally
F Empathetic Guided by personal logic Assess impacts of decisions
on people Strive for harmony and
positive interactions Compassionate May appear ‘tender hearted’ Fair want everyone to be
treated as an individual
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T’s may think F’s are over personalising when they focus on the impact on the individual
F’s may think T’s are harsh and cold when they take a detached problem solving point of view
Something to be aware of ……
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T’s - Business before relationship. Its about what makes sense.
F’s - Relationship before business. What matters is harmony.
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And finally….approach to life
JUDGING PERCEIVING
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Which lifestyle do you prefer?J (Judging)Systematic
◦ Orderly, structured, dislike diversions
Planned◦ Future focused, advanced planner, like firm
plans
Early starting◦ Motivated by self discipline, steady
progress, late start stressful
Scheduled◦ Want routine, make lists, procedures help
Methodical◦ Plan specifics tasks, note subtasks,
organised
P (Perceiving)Casual
◦ Relaxed, easygoing, welcome diversions
Open ended◦ Present focused, go with flow, make flexible
plans
Pressure prompted◦ Motivated by pressure, bursts and spurts,
find early starting unstimulating
Spontaneous◦ Want variety, enjoy the unexpected,
procedures hinder
Emergent◦ Plunge in, let strategies emerge, adaptable
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Which lifestyle do you prefer?J Scheduled Organise their lives Systematic Methodical Make short and long term
plans Like to have things decided Try to avoid last minute
stresses
PSpontaneousFlexibleCasualOpen endedAdapt, change courseLike things loose and open to changeFeel engergised be last minute pressures
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J’s may think P’s are lazy or procrastinating when they are trying to keep their options open
P’s may think J’s are rigid and controlling when they are structuring and organising
Something to be aware of ……
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Perceivers try to avoid pain through adapting and harmonising with the environment.
Judgers seek to avoid painful experiences through judging and controlling their environment
Isabelle Briggs Myers and Peter B Myers
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Doesn’t type fence you in?‘For most people really understanding their own type in particular and other people’s type in general is a releasing experience rather than a restricting one. It sets one free to recognise ones own natural bent and to trust one’s own potential for growth and excellence with no obligation to copy anyone else, however admirable that person may be in his or her own different way’.
Isabel Myers
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ISTJ13.7%
M: 19.7%F: 8.6%
ISFJ12.7%
M: 7.0%F: 17.7%
INFJ1.7%
M: 1.6%F: 1.7%
INTJ1.4%
M: 2.5%F: 0.5%
ISTP6.4%
M: 10.8%F: 2.5%
ISFP6.1%
M: 3.7%F: 7.9%
INFP3.2%
M: 3.6%F: 2.8%
INTP2.4%
M: 4.1%F: 1.0%
ESTP5.8%
M: 8.2%F: 3.7%
ESFP8.7%
M: 6.1%F: 11.0%
ENFP6.3%
M: 5.1%F: 7.5%
ENTP2.8%
M: 3.6%F: 2.1%
ESTJ10.4%
M: 11.6%F: 9.5%
ESFJ12.6%
M: 6.0%F: 18.5%
ENFJ2.8%
M: 2.0%F: 3.4%
ENTJ2.9%
M: 4.3%F: 1.7%
UK population type table
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MBTI - Applications
Dealing with Change
Careerdevelopment
Team frustrations
Communicationand meetings
Facilitation and presentation
skills
Careerdevelopment
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Type Differences During Change
Groups: IS, EN, IN, ES
During times of change:–what do you need–what do you bring–what irritates you
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Differences During Change
Groups: ST, NT, SF, NF
–What do you need to ‘sell you a change idea ?’
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Type and ‘selling’ an idea
feelingthinking
sensing
iNtuition
SF -will form bond of loyalty to idea or person
ST -will focus on meeting practical needs
NT -will test competence during interaction
NF – will look for shared values
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What Each Preference Needs During Organisational Change
Extraversion
Time to talk about what is going on.Involvement - something to do.Communication, Communication, Communication.To be heard - to have a voice.Action, getting on with it, keeping up the pace.
Sensing
Real data - why is change occurring?Specifics and details about what exactly is to change.Connections between the planned changes and the past.Realistic pictures of the future that make the plans real.Clear guidelines on expectations, roles and responsibilities - or the opportunity to design them.
Introversion
Time alone to reflect on what is going on.To be asked what they think about things.Thought-out, written communication and one-on-one discussions.Time to think through their positions before discussions or meetings.Time to assimilate changes before taking action.
Intuition
The overall rationale - the global realities.A general plan or direction to play around with and develop.Chances to paint a picture of the future - to create a vision that works for them.Options - general direction but not too much structure.Opportunities to participate in designing the future, to influence the changes.
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Use a type framework to understand that……...
differences between people are natural: not something you can change
all type preferences are positive: no aspect of preference is better or worse
the other persons preference may be directly opposite to your natural preference
the other persons preferences are clues as to how they want to be worked with / related to
their behaviour may have nothing to do with their type preference
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MBTI Golden Rules• It is a measure of preferences – not skills, abilities or
behaviour• There are no better or worse types – all types have
strengths and weaknesses• Everyone uses both aspects of each dimension – but it
takes more energy to use non-preferred dimensions• Your reported type can be overwritten by you because
you are the best judge of your own personality type• Use the MBTI as a starting point for discussion and
understanding, not an end in itself
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RecapI know your type!- Understand strengths and weaknesses
Understand other types - And possible areas for conflict
Apply to your relationships- At work and at home