FOOD SAFETY AND STANDARDS ACT, 2006
DR. JITENDRA P. DONGAREDR. JITENDRA P. DONGARE
FOOD SAFETY LEGISLATION - the need……
Issues with existing regulatory regime-• Nine different laws and eight different ministries governing the food sector• Laws framed by different Ministries/Depts. With different perspective and enforcement approach• Overlapping laws with different quality standards & labelling requirements
Need for new law-•Removal of multiple regulations•Harmonizing with international law•Framing regulatory requirements based on science and risk analysis•Facilitating trade without compromising consumer safety and bringing in innovation in foods
INDIAN FOOD LAWS
Prevention of Food Adulteration Act 1954 and RulesDepartment of Health Ministry of Health and Family Welfare
Fruit Products Order Ministry of Food Processing Industries
Milk and Milk Products OrderDepartment of Animal HusbandryMinistry of Agriculture
Agricultural Produce (Grading & Marketing) ActDepartment of Agriculture and CooperationMinistry of Agriculture
Standards of Weights and Measures Act and Packaged Commodity Rules,The Vegetable Oil Products (Control) Order,
The Edible Oils Packaging (Regulation) Order, The Solvent Extracted Oil, Deoiled Meal, and Edible Flour (Control) Order
Ministry of Consumer Affairs, Food and Public Distribution
Export (Quality Control & Inspection) ActDepartment of CommerceMinistry of Commerce & Industry
Caught in the Web ???Caught in the Web ???
Meat Products Order Ministry of Food Processing Industries
THE ACT……………
Prevention of Food Adulteration Act, 1954Prevention of Food Adulteration Act, 1954
Fruit Products Order, 1955Fruit Products Order, 1955
Meat Food Products Order, 1973Meat Food Products Order, 1973
Vegetable Oil Products (Control) Order, 1947Vegetable Oil Products (Control) Order, 1947
Edible Oils Packaging (Regulation) Order, 1988, Edible Oils Packaging (Regulation) Order, 1988,
Solvent Extracted Oil, De-oiled Meal and Edible Flour (Control) Order, 1967Solvent Extracted Oil, De-oiled Meal and Edible Flour (Control) Order, 1967
Milk and Milk Products Order, 1992 Milk and Milk Products Order, 1992
Any order under Essential Commodities Act, 1955 relating to food.Any order under Essential Commodities Act, 1955 relating to food.
The Food Safety & Standards Act 2006 is Act to consolidate the laws relating to food and to establish the Food Safety and Standards Authority of India for laying down science based standards for articles of food and to regulate their manufacture, storage distribution, sale and import, to ensure availability of safe and wholesome food for human consumption and for matters connected therewith or incidental thereto.
SALIENT FEATURE OF THE ACT……………
To ensure that all food meets consumers’ expectations in terms of nature, substance and quality and is not misleadingly presents; To provide legal powers and specify offences in relation to public health and consumers’ interest; To shift from regulatory regime to self compliance through Food Safety Management system. Science based standards Proprietary food, novel food, GM food, dietary supplements, nutraceuticals etc brought into the ambit of the new act.
SCOPE OF THE ACT……………
The Act covers activities throughout the food distribution chain, from primary production through distribution to retail and catering. The Act gives the Government powers to make regulations on matters of food safety. The Food Safety & Standards Authority of India is the principal Government Authority responsible for preparing specific regulations under the Act.
FUNCTIONS OF AUTHORITY (SEC 16)……………
•To regulate, monitor the manufacture, processing, distribution, sale
and import of food to ensure its safety and wholesomeness.
•To specify standards, guidelines for food articles
•Limits for Food additives, contaminants, veterinary drugs, heavy
metals, mycotoxin, irradiation of food, processing aids.
•Mechanisms & guidelines for accreditation of certification bodies
engaged in FSMS certification
•Quality control of imported food
•Specify food labeling standards including claims on health,
Nutrition, special dietary uses & food category systems
•Scientific advice and technical support to central / state
governments
APPELATE TRIBUNAL
FOOD SAFETY COMMISSIONER
FOOD SAFETY OFFICER
ACCREDITED LAB
REFERAL LAB
FOOD ANALYST
DESIGNATED OFFICER
ADJUDICATING OFFICER
SPECIAL COURT
REGULATORY ENFORCEMENT AT STATE
ROLE OF STATE AS PER THE ACT….
ROLES & RESPONSIBILITIES OF FOOD SAFETY COMMISSIONER
Prohibit in the interest of public health, the manufacture, storage, distribution, or sale of any article of food.
Carry out survey/inspection of the food processing units in the state to find out compliance of prescribed standards.
Conduct training programmes for the personnel engaged in food safety.
Ensure efficient and uniform implementation of the standards and other requirements of food safety.
Sanction prosecution for offences punishable with imprisonment under this Act.
ROLE OF STATE AS PER THE ACT….
ROLES & RESPONSIBILITIES OF DESIGNATED OFFICERIssue or cancel license of Food Business Operator.
Prohibit sale in contravention of this Act.
Receive report and samples of articles of food from Food Safety Officer and get them analyzed.
Make recommendation to the Commissioner of Food Safety for sanction to launch prosecutions
Sanction prosecution
Maintain record of all inspections made by Food Safety Officers
Get complaints investigated in respect of any contravention of the provision of this Act or against FSO
ROLE OF STATE AS PER THE ACT….
ROLES & RESPONSIBILITIES OF FOOD SAFETY OFFICER
Taking samples of food intended for saleSeize any articles of food which appears to be in contravention of this ActEnter and inspect any place where food is manufactured, or stored for sale May after giving notice, cause unsafe food destroyedSeize any adulterant found in possession of a manufacturer or distributorCan be penalised for harassment of business operator (There is provision for penalising Complainant for false complaint)
ENFORCEMENT OF PROVISIONS OF THE ACT….
Article 31 lays down Licensing and Registration conditions which are compulsory for any food business.Any person desirous to commence or carry on any food business shall make an application to grant of a License to the Designated Officer alongwith fees.In case a license is not issued within two months from the date of making the application or his application is not rejected, the applicant may start his food business after expiry of the said period.The provision of obtaining a licence for carrying on any food business shall not apply to a petty retailer, hawker, itinerant vendor or a temporary stall holder or small scale or cottage or such other industries relating to food business or tiny Food Business Operator. But they shall have Registration with the Designated Officer.
LICENSING AND REGISTRATION OF FOOD BUSINESS….
Central Licensing Authority
State Licensing Authority
State Licensing Authority
Registering Authority Registering Authority
Designated Officer
appointed by the Chief
Executive Officer of the
FSSAI
in his capacity of Food
Safety CommissionerFood Safety Officer or any official in Panchayat, Municipal Corporation or any other local body in an area, notified as such by the State Food Safety Commissioner for the purpose of registration
Food Safety Officer or any official in Panchayat, Municipal Corporation or any other local body in an area, notified as such by the State Food Safety Commissioner for the purpose of registration
Designated Officers appointed under Section 36(1) of the Act by the Food Safety Commissioner of a State or UT for the purpose of licensing and monitoring.
Designated Officers appointed under Section 36(1) of the Act by the Food Safety Commissioner of a State or UT for the purpose of licensing and monitoring.
LICENSING AND REGISTRATION OF FOOD BUSINESS….
Registration required for the Food Business Operator, who – a. manufactures or sells any article of food himself or a petty retailer, hawker, itinerant vendor or temporary stall holder; orb. such food business including small scale or cottage or tiny food businesses with an annual turnover not exceeding Rs 12 lakhs and or whose-i. production capacity of food (other than milk and milk products and meat and meat products) does not exceed 100 kg/ltr per day orii. production or procurement or collection of milk is up to 100 litres of milk per day oriii. slaughtering capacity is 2 large animals or 10 small animals or 50 poultry birds per day or less than that
Registration required for the Food Business Operator, who – a. manufactures or sells any article of food himself or a petty retailer, hawker, itinerant vendor or temporary stall holder; orb. such food business including small scale or cottage or tiny food businesses with an annual turnover not exceeding Rs 12 lakhs and or whose-i. production capacity of food (other than milk and milk products and meat and meat products) does not exceed 100 kg/ltr per day orii. production or procurement or collection of milk is up to 100 litres of milk per day oriii. slaughtering capacity is 2 large animals or 10 small animals or 50 poultry birds per day or less than that
LICENSING AND REGISTRATION OF FOOD BUSINESS….
Central License required for the Food Business Operator, who –
(i) Dairy units including milk chilling units process more than 50 thousand litres of liquid milk/day or 2500 MT of milk solid per annum.(ii) Vegetable oil processing units having installed capacity more than 2 MT per day.(iii) All slaughter houses equipped to slaughter more than 50 large animals or 150 or more small animals or 1000 or more poultry birds per day(iv) Meat processing units equipped to handle or process more than 500 kg of meat per day or 150 MT per annum(v) All food processing units other than mentioned above having installed capacity more than 2 MT/day.
Central License required for the Food Business Operator, who –
(i) Dairy units including milk chilling units process more than 50 thousand litres of liquid milk/day or 2500 MT of milk solid per annum.(ii) Vegetable oil processing units having installed capacity more than 2 MT per day.(iii) All slaughter houses equipped to slaughter more than 50 large animals or 150 or more small animals or 1000 or more poultry birds per day(iv) Meat processing units equipped to handle or process more than 500 kg of meat per day or 150 MT per annum(v) All food processing units other than mentioned above having installed capacity more than 2 MT/day.
LICENSING AND REGISTRATION OF FOOD BUSINESS….
Central License required for the Food Business Operator, who –
(vi) 100 % Export Oriented Units(vii) All Importers importing food items for commercial use.(viii) All Food Business Operators manufacturing any article of Food which does not fall under any of the food categories prescribed under these regulations or deviates in any way from the prescribed specification for additives therein.(ix) Retail chains operating in three or more states.(x) Food catering services in establishments and units under Central government Agencies like Railways, Air and airport, Seaport, Defence etc.
Central License required for the Food Business Operator, who –
(vi) 100 % Export Oriented Units(vii) All Importers importing food items for commercial use.(viii) All Food Business Operators manufacturing any article of Food which does not fall under any of the food categories prescribed under these regulations or deviates in any way from the prescribed specification for additives therein.(ix) Retail chains operating in three or more states.(x) Food catering services in establishments and units under Central government Agencies like Railways, Air and airport, Seaport, Defence etc.
LICENSING AND REGISTRATION OF FOOD BUSINESS….
CENTRAL LICENSING AUTHORITY
FSSAI Head Quarters
(Licensing)
ZONAL DIRECTORS & OTHER OFFICERS (for inspections &
Monitoring)
STATE GOVERNMENTCOMMISSIONER OF FOOD SAFETY
34 STATES/UT
LICENSING AUTHORITY
FOOD SAFETY OFFICER(for Inspection and
Monitoring Food Business operators)
DESIGNATED OFFICERLICENSING AUTHORITY
• City municipal corporation,• town Panchayat,• Gram panchayat
CHIEF EXECUTIVE OFFICER, FSSAI
REGISTRATION AUTHORITY
PROCEDURE FOR REGISTRATION OF FOOD BUSINESS….
Filing of an Application
Processing of Application
Either grant or reject Registration Certificate,
Issue notice for inspection
After the Inspection grant the registration
ApplicationForm A
Fees Rs 100/-
Within 7 days of receipt of
application
Within a period of 30 days
Food Business operator may start business
If no response
PROCEDURE FOR LICENSING OF FOOD BUSINESS….
Filing of an ApplicationFiling of an Application
unique application number
unique application number
Require additional information on incomplete
Application
Require additional information on incomplete
Application
ApplicationForm B
Documents + Fees
Inspection of premises after receiving completed
application & issue inspection report
Inspection of premises after receiving completed
application & issue inspection report
Either grant or reject the license Within 60 days of
receipt of completed application or within 30 days
of inspection
Either grant or reject the license Within 60 days of
receipt of completed application or within 30 days
of inspection
No inspection
If no response
If inspection report
not processed
No improvement
No improvement
Fresh applicationAfter 90 days
ADJUDICATION AND FOOD SAFETY TRIBUNALS…….
ADJUDICATING OFFICER
FOOD SAFETY APPELLET TRIBUNAL
SPECIAL COURTS
State Govt. to notify Adjudicating Officer not below the rank of Addl. District Magistrate.
State Govt. to notify Adjudicating Officer not below the rank of Addl. District Magistrate.
Central Govt. or State Govt. may notify and establish one or more tribunals known as Food Safety Appellate Tribunals
Central Govt. or State Govt. may notify and establish one or more tribunals known as Food Safety Appellate Tribunals
Central Govt. or State Govt. may constitute special courts for trial of offences relating to grievous injury or death of the consumer
Central Govt. or State Govt. may constitute special courts for trial of offences relating to grievous injury or death of the consumer
ENFORCEMENT OF THE ACT……….
Adjudicating Officer of the State govt.
To impose penalty for offences
Shall have the powers of civil court
Central / State govts. to establish one or more tribunals to attend to appeals
One member tribunal called Presiding Officer (District Judge)
Power to establish special courts for expedient hearing for offences relating to grievous injury or death
ENFORCEMENT OF THE ACT……….
Offences:
¤ Causing food to be injurious
¤ Abstracting any constituent
¤ Deliberate adulteration
¤ Nonconformance in Label information etc.,
ENFORCEMENT OF THE ACT……….
¤ Substandard food: Upto Rs. 2.00 lakhs
¤ Misbranded: Upto Rs. 3.00 lakhs
¤ Misleading advertisement : Upto Rs. 10.00 lakhs
¤ Food with extraneous matter: Upto Rs. 1.00 lakhs
¤ Fail to meet the requirements as directed by FSO: Upto Rs. 2.00 lakhs
¤ Unhygienic / unsanitary preparations: Upto Rs. 1.00 lakhs
¤ Adulterant not injurious to health: Upto Rs. 2.00 lakhs
¤ Adulterant injurious to health: Upto Rs. 10.00 lakhs
¤ Unsafe food – but does not cause immediate injury : 6 months
imprisonment with fine of Rs.1.0 lakh
Penalties:
¤ Unsafe food causing non-grievous injury : 1 year imprisonment with fine of Rs. 3.00 lakh
Compensation in case for injury : upto Rs.1.00 lakh
¤ Causing grievous injury : 6 years imprisonment with fine of Rs. 5.00 lakh
Compensation in case for grievous injury : upto Rs.3.00 lakh
¤ Causing death : 7 years or life imprisonment and fine of Rs. 10.00 lakh
Compensation in case of death : upto Rs. 5.00 lakh minimum
Penalties:
ensure that only safe and wholesome foods are marketed,
take decisions based on science ,
empower authorities to detect sources of contamination and to take action to prevent contaminated foods from reaching the consumer,
enforce Internationally accepted standards for food and food commodities,
enforce compliance by manufacturers, distributors, importers, exporters and other stakeholders and
be transparent and promote public confidence.