P: 555.123.4568 F: 555.123.4567 123 West Main Street, New York,
NY 10001 www.rightcare.com| Graphene roadmap and graphene based
composites Emad Omrani 1
P: 555.123.4568 F: 555.123.4567 123 West Main Street, New York,
NY 10001 www.rightcare.com| Table of Contents Section Name
Introduction Properties of Graphene Applications of Graphene
Composite materials Gaps of the current state of art 2
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NY 10001 www.rightcare.com| Graphene Graphite is stacked of several
graphene sheets along the c-axis with an interlayer spacing of 0.34
nm. The bonding between carbon atoms are very strong while the
there is weak Van Der Waals interaction among the layers.
two-dimensional single atomic carbon sheet of sp2-bounded
synthesizing graphene in large quantities: thermal evaporation of
silicon carbide chemical vapor deposition (CVD) of graphene on
metal carbides or metal surfaces wet chemical synthesis of graphene
oxides followed by the reduction 3
P: 555.123.4568 F: 555.123.4567 123 West Main Street, New York,
NY 10001 www.rightcare.com| Graphene One reason that graphene
research has progressed so fast is that the laboratory procedures
enabling us to obtain high-quality graphene are relatively simple
and cheap. The graphene is categorized in three different category
based on the quality of the resulting graphene o Graphene or
reduced graphene oxide flakes for composite materials, conductive
paints, and so on o Planar graphene for lower- performance active
and non- active devices o Planar graphene for high- performance
electronic devices 4
P: 555.123.4568 F: 555.123.4567 123 West Main Street, New York,
NY 10001 www.rightcare.com| Properties of Graphene Supreme
Properties Mechanical properties Stiffness Strength Elasticity high
electrical conductivity thermal conductivity While properties of
graphene depend quality type of defects substrate These extreme
properties are combined in one material means: it eligible for
various applications graphene could replace other materials in
existing applications. 5
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NY 10001 www.rightcare.com| 6
P: 555.123.4568 F: 555.123.4567 123 West Main Street, New York,
NY 10001 www.rightcare.com| Properties of Graphene MD simulations
predict the mechanical properties of single graphite layer yielding
of 0.912 TPa Quantum mechanical approach elastic modulus for
armchair graphene and zigzag graphene are 1.086 and 1.05 TPa,
respectively Using nanoindentation of the atomic force The Youngs
modulus and intrinsic tensile strength are1.02 TPa and 130 GPa,
respectively 7
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NY 10001 www.rightcare.com| Flexible electronics meets the
electrical and optical requirements (sheet resistance reaching 30V
per square of 2D area in highly doped samples) excellent
transmittance of 97.7%per layer fracture strain of graphene is ten
times higher indium tin oxide (ITO) is replaced with garaphene
touch screen displays, e-paper (electronic paper) and organic
light-emitting diodes (OLEDs) Application of Graphene Electronic
Devices 8
P: 555.123.4568 F: 555.123.4567 123 West Main Street, New York,
NY 10001 www.rightcare.com| Application of Graphene Photonics
Photodetectors Optical modulator Energy generation and storage
Solar cells Lithium-ion batteries Paints and coating Conductive ink
Electromagnetic-interference shielding Gas barrier coating
Corrosion barrier 9
P: 555.123.4568 F: 555.123.4567 123 West Main Street, New York,
NY 10001 www.rightcare.com| Application of Graphene The previous
studies focus on metal matrix and polymer matrix composites to
Manufacture: Lightweight high strength Self-lubricating The
mechanical properties of graphene reinforced polymer composites are
considerably below their theoretically predicted potential because
of graphene sheet agglomeration Another important factor is uniform
distribution. Composite materials In comparison with polymers, GNS-
based MMCs have been little researched because of the difficulty of
exfoliating the graphite flakes the as-synthesized nanocomposites
were nonuniform it was difficult to obtain the graphene- based
composites. Additionally, the difficulty in large-scale synthesis
of these composites becomes an obstacle in its application. Another
problem of graphene is poor bonding formation between metal and
carbon sheet. 10
P: 555.123.4568 F: 555.123.4567 123 West Main Street, New York,
NY 10001 www.rightcare.com| Graphene-based polymer composites show
superior: Mechanical properties Thermal properties gas barrier
Electrical properties flame retardant properties compared to the
neat polymers. Carbon nanotubes (CNTs) show comparable mechanical
properties to graphene, still graphene is better nanofiller than
CNT in certain aspects such as thermal and electrical conductivity.
Application of Graphene Polymer matrix composite 11
P: 555.123.4568 F: 555.123.4567 123 West Main Street, New York,
NY 10001 www.rightcare.com| A mild ultrasonic treatment of graphite
oxide in water results in its exfoliation to form stable aqueous
dispersions Polymer matrix composite A typical AFM non-contact-mode
image of graphite oxide sheets deposited onto a mica substrate from
an aqueous dispersion (inset) with superimposed cross section
measurements taken along the red line indicating a sheet thickness
of 1 nm. The quality of nanofiller dispersion in the polymer matrix
directly correlates with its effectiveness for improving
mechanical, electrical, thermal, impermeability and other
properties. 12
P: 555.123.4568 F: 555.123.4567 123 West Main Street, New York,
NY 10001 www.rightcare.com| Test results showed that heat treatment
of such composites to 300 C, well above the glass transition
temperature of polystyrene (100 C), does not result in
agglomeration of the graphene sheets (as assessed from extensive
SEM imaging), suggesting their thermal stability over a broad
temperature range. To obtain the true value of the conductivity of
the composites, a separate measurements of in-plane and transverse
resistances has been done. A rapid increase in the direct current
electrical conductivity of composite materials takes place when the
conductive filler forms an infinite network of connected paths
through the insulating matrix. Polymer matrix composite 13
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NY 10001 www.rightcare.com| Gaps of the current state of art
Investigate mechanical properties at different graphene content
14
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