Green Parking and Sustainable Mobility
Green Parking and Sustainable Mobility
Mark Gander • April 30, 2014 • Atlanta, Georgia
Green Parking and Sustainable Mobility 3Mongkok Area Improvement Plan Hong Kong
To create, enhance and sustain the world’s built, natural and social environments.
Green Parking and Sustainable Mobility
Urbanization, Globalization, Climate Change
…new chances
Car sharing and per usage
models Location-based and
ad-hocservices
Intelligentparking
solutions
E-Mobility
Intermodalservices
Connectivity aligned with travel market
Regulation & Sustainability
Convenience
Preference Change
Individualization
Demographic Change
New approach to urban mobilityThe world is changing
Green Parking and Sustainable Mobilityhttps://www.census.gov/newsroom/releases/archives/american_community_survey_acs/cb13-41.html
Green Parking and Sustainable Mobility
Americans spend most of their waking hours at work. The rest – it seems – are spent en routeAnd it hasn’t changed much over the years
Green Parking and Sustainable Mobility
Top 20 Mega Cities – Regional Transportation PoliciesCongestion, low emission zones and road user charging initiatives in the emerging economies will have a major impact on car mobility
Delhi Mumbai Beijing Shanghai Moscow Seoul New York London Tokyo
Bus Rapid Transit Lanes
2011 2011
Metro/Subway 2011
Congestion Charging
Planned Planned 2012 2012 Future Planned Future
Parking Cuts
Road use Charging/Ban
Yes1 Week Day
Ban1 week Day
Ban1 Week Day
Ban*Future
EV/Hybrid Incentives
Bicycle Lanes
Emission Standard
Euro 4 Euro 4 Euro 4 Euro 4Euro 3 Euro
4 by 2012Euro 4
CAFÉ 27.5mpg. 34.1 mpg by 2016
Euro 4 Euro 5 by 2011
25% reduction by 2015
Not planned Existing currently * Voluntary no road usage incentive
Green Parking and Sustainable Mobility
Urbanization Drives a New Reality: From Cities Designed around Cars to Cars Designed around Mega Cities: OEMs to Develop New Vehicles and Platforms
•Megacity Vehicle – be launched in 2013.
•Electro-mobility – ZEV (Li-ion battery with 35 kWh capacity )
•Electric drive - Electric motor for quicker acceleration and zip drive.
•Lighter drive –CFRP passenger cell, Aluminum chassis.
• City Car in EU and NA • Compact Vehicle : 3099mm x 1,495mm• Low emissions; sub 1 litre engine (624cc), EV in future.• Turning radius: 4m.• Low vehicle weight: 600 kg (1,300lb)
• ‘City Cars’ – In sync with the city Pixo, Note and Cube•Compact Vehicle: less than 4,000mm x 1,675mm•Low emissions: 1-litre engine, EV in future•Tight turning circle of 4.5m •Power assisted steering for easy maneuvering in city traffic•Parking system, Start Stop system, Nissan Connect, foldable
rear seats, customizable setting
NISSAN
BMW
TATA
Though newer cars are becoming city-centric,
consumers are not relieved off hassles of purchase,
maintenance, parking, congestion, insurance and
inspection
Mega Cities need not just a car, but a flexible, hassle-free mobility solution that
is eco-friendly.
Green Parking and Sustainable Mobility
Urbanization Impact on Vehicle Technology PlanningOpportunity for OEMs to Develop Technologies for Customers’ Unmet Needs
Ergonomically designed comfortable seats for long commuting hours
Turning radius <4.3m to drive in congested streets
Start Stop System for frequent stop in traffic
Facebook on wheels, Internet in cars
3G/Wi-Fi Connectivity - V2V and V2X communication
Limited boot space and more head and leg room
CO2 less than 80 gm/km vehicles
Lightweight construction
Panoramic roofs
Navigation systems with route guidance and traffic information
Customised and personalised comfort functions
Smart vehicle access
Low speed collision avoidance for enhanced safety and pedestrian protection
Simple and easy to use HMI
Vehicle length of less than 3500mm
Autonomous parking assist
Voice recognition technology
Mega City Cars
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Continuum – Battery Electric Vehicles
Neighbourhood Electric Vehicles (NEVs)
NEV is a US DOTclassification forvehicles weighing lessthan 3,000 lbs (GVW)and having a top speedof 25 mph. NEVs aregenerally restricted tooperate on streets witha speed limit of 35 mphor less.
A city car is aEuropean classificationfor small and lightvehicles intended foruse in urban areasalthough capable ofoperating in mixed city-highway environment.In Japan, city cars arecalled kei cars.
These vehicles havean internal combustionengine (ICE) or othersecondary sourceconnected in a seriesconfiguration to agenerator to supply thebatteries. The driverange and speeds arecomparable to ICengine vehicles.
High-Performance Electric Vehicles (HPEVs)
These are sportyPHEVs or batteryelectric vehicles withtop speeds exceeding100 mph and drivingrange exceeding 100miles. The price ofthese vehicles isexpected to approachor exceed $100,000.
GEM e2, e4, e6; REVAG-Wiz i; ZENN; ZAPand others
Smart EV, Th!nk City,BMW Mini and others
Chevy Volt, OpelAmpera and others
Tesla, Venturi Fetish,Lightning GT, etc
City Electric Vehicles (CEVs)
Toyota Prius PHEV,Ford Fusion PHEV, etc
Plug-in Hybrid Electric Vehicle (PHEVs)
A plug-in hybridelectric vehicle (PHEV)has an internalcombustion engine(ICE) with a motoralong with a batteryconnected in parallel tothe ICE. They aregenerally regarded asfull hybrids with biggermotor/battery and aplug to recharge.
Battery Electric Vehicles: Electric vehicles (EVs) use electric motors instead of aninternal combustion engine (ICE) to propel a vehicle. The electric power is derivedfrom a battery of one of several chemistries including lead acid, nickel metalhydride (NiMH) and lithium-ion (Li-ion).
Extended-range EVs (E-REVs)
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smart grids
public
destinati on
vehicle to grid
vehicle to home
markets & operation
payment
administration
fast (AC/DC)
battery swop
behaviour change
inductive
recharging networks
vehicles
cars
commercial
buses
integrated transport
car clubs
parking
extend journeys
ITS
state of charge
range estimatii on
eco-driving
location services
e-payment
mobility
fleets
two wheelers
generate & distribute
renewable energy
standards
interoperability
vehicles & batteries
energy storage
management systems
batteries & materials
vehicle tech
hybrids
navigation
range-extenders
drive trains
regulation
education
skills & services
first responders
manufacturing
sales
maintain/ repair
charge type
standard
connectors
AC/DC
safety
installations
energy mgmt
customer mgmt
back office
charging control
demand forecast
remote switching
private
home
microgeneration
demand management
network controls
public transport
smart ticketi ng
dynamic pricing
smart meters
regeneration
lightweighting
alternative fuels
journey planning
expectation mgmt
tax & incentives
2nd life/ recycling
legal/ commercial
value-add services
leasing
business models
funding
Green Parking and Sustainable Mobility
Fare Card Platform
Green ParkingIntegrated Corridor Management
BRT
Delivery Consolidation
Smart Mobility
Green Parking and Sustainable Mobility 46
If transportation produces 30% of all U.S. global warming emissions,
and…if 60% of U.S. transportation emissions come from cars and light trucks
Can structures and lots that house these vehicles be sustainable?
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Parking Matters - Taming
Source: R. Willson, Parking Reform (2013)
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Parking Matters – Right Sizing
Source: R. Willson, Parking Reform (2013)
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USGBC and LEED®
2011 USGBC Ruling“Parking garages may not pursue LEED certification. More specifically, buildings that dedicate more than 75% of floor area (including areas not covered, enclosed, or conditioned) to the parking and circulation of motor vehicles are ineligible for LEED.”
MANAGEMENT PROGRAMS TECHNOLOGY & STRUCTURE DESIGNParking Pricing Placemaking Automated Payment SystemsShared Parking Access to Mass Transit Fire Suppression
Transportation Management Association (TMA)/Organization (TMO)
Traffic Flow Plan No or Low VOC Coatings, Paints, and SealantsWayfinding (External/Internal) Tire Inflation Stations
Recycling Program Carshare Program Indoor Water EfficiencySustainable Purchasing Program Rideshare Program Water Efficient LandscapingMarketing/Education Program Alternative Fuel Vehicles EV Charging Stations
Building Systems Commissioning, Re-Commissioning & Retro-Commissioning
Alternative Fuel Shuttles Mechanical Systems and ControlsBicycle Parking Lighting Control
Cleaning Products and Systems Bicycle Sharing / Rental Energy Efficient Lighting SystemConstruction Waste Management Small Vehicle Program: Rates & Spaces Energy Efficient Ventilation SystemRegional Materials Motorcycle & Scooter Parking HVAC SystemsRegional Labor Indoor Air MonitoringCredentialed Management Rainwater Harvesting
Greywater ReuseReused, Repurposed, or Recycled MaterialsRoofing SystemsLEED or Green Globe CertificationSustainable Power & Net-Zero EnergyLife Cycle Assessment
for more information: www.greenparkingcouncil.org/certification
Source of Graphic: AECOM
Green Parking and Sustainable Mobility 63
Parkitecture – Collins Park, MB
Zaha Hadid Architects
Zaha Hadid Architects
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Location: Brooklyn, NYManuf: Solaire CanopyNo. of Canopies: 6System Size: 325 kWNumber of Panels: 1,044Panel Size: 315WPanel Manufacturer: MEMCInclination: 12º / 1ºNumber of Columns: 22
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Parking Matters
Parking supply and management is the difference between smart growth and congested or sprawled environs, and impacts:
– Parking consumes land and resources– Parking is expensive – We need to manage and supply parking in-line with broader goals
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Key Points
Demographics, urbanization, technology, climate adaptation are driving transformative responses in mobility and parking.Travel in the fast lane via multi-modal connectivity.Smart moves in adjusted land use and transit-
oriented development.Parking policy and management shapes
communities.Parking design and mobility architecture creates
vibrant places.Moving forward – parking is part of the solution.
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Thank you!
Mark Gander, AICPAECOM
605 Third AvenueNew York City, NY 10158
T: (212) [email protected]
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