Management vs. LaborManagement vs. Labor
““ToolsTools”” of of ManagementManagement
““ToolsTools”” of of LaborLabor
““scabsscabs””
P. R. campaignP. R. campaign
PinkertonsPinkertons
lockoutlockout
blacklistingblacklisting
yellow-dog yellow-dog contractscontracts
court injunctionscourt injunctions
open shopopen shop
boycottsboycotts
sympathy sympathy demonstrationsdemonstrations
informational informational picketingpicketing
closed shopsclosed shops
organized organized strikesstrikes
““wildcatwildcat”” strikesstrikes
Knights of LaborKnights of Labor
Terence V. Terence V. PowderlyPowderly
An injury to one is the concern of An injury to one is the concern of all!all!
Goals of the Knights of Labor
Goals of the Knights of Laborù Eight-hour workday.Eight-hour workday.
ù WorkersWorkers’’ cooperatives. cooperatives.
ù Worker-owned factories.Worker-owned factories.
ù Abolition of child and prison Abolition of child and prison labor.labor.
ù Increased circulation of Increased circulation of greenbacks.greenbacks.
ù Equal pay for men and women.Equal pay for men and women.
ù Safety codes in the workplace.Safety codes in the workplace.
ù Prohibition of contract foreign Prohibition of contract foreign labor.labor.
ù Abolition of the National Bank.Abolition of the National Bank.
The Tournament of Today:
A Set-to Between Labor and Monopoly
The Tournament of Today:
A Set-to Between Labor and Monopoly
Haymarket Riot (1886)
Haymarket Riot (1886)
McCormick Harvesting Machine Co.McCormick Harvesting Machine Co.
The American Federation
of Labor: 1886
The American Federation
of Labor: 1886
Samuel GompersSamuel Gompers
How the AF of L Would Help the
Workers
How the AF of L Would Help the
Workersù Catered to the skilled worker.Catered to the skilled worker.
ù Represented workers in matters of Represented workers in matters of national legislation.national legislation.
ù Maintained a national strike fund.Maintained a national strike fund.
ù Evangelized the cause of unionism.Evangelized the cause of unionism.
ù Prevented disputes among the many Prevented disputes among the many craft unions.craft unions.
ù Mediated disputes between Mediated disputes between management and labor.management and labor.
ù Pushed for Pushed for closed shopsclosed shops..
Homestead Steel Strike
(1892)
Homestead Steel Strike
(1892)
The Amalgamated The Amalgamated Association of Association of
Iron & Steel WorkersIron & Steel Workers
Homestead Steel Homestead Steel WorksWorks
Attempted Assassination!
Attempted Assassination!
Henry Clay FrickHenry Clay Frick
Alexander BerkmanAlexander Berkman
President Grover Cleveland
President Grover Cleveland
If it takes the entire army and navy to If it takes the entire army and navy to deliver a postal card in Chicago, that deliver a postal card in Chicago, that
card card will be delivered!will be delivered!
The Pullman Strike of 1894
The Pullman Strike of 1894
Government by injunction!Government by injunction!
“Big Bill” Haywood of the
IWW
“Big Bill” Haywood of the
IWW
Violence was Violence was justified to justified to overthrow overthrow capitalism.capitalism.
Mother Jones: “The Miner’s Angel”
Mother Jones: “The Miner’s Angel”
Mary Harris.Mary Harris.
Organizer for Organizer for thetheUnited MineUnited MineWorkers.Workers.
Founded the Founded the SocialSocialDemocratic Democratic Party Party in 1898.in 1898.
One of the One of the founding founding members of the members of the I. W. W. in I. W. W. in 1905.1905.
The “Bread & Roses” Strike
The “Bread & Roses” Strike
DEMANDS:DEMANDS:
ù 15¢/hr. wage increase.15¢/hr. wage increase.
ù Double pay for overtime.Double pay for overtime.
ù No discrimination against No discrimination against strikers.strikers.
ù An end to An end to ““speed-upspeed-up”” on the on the assembly line.assembly line.
ù An end to discrimination An end to discrimination againstagainstforeign immigrant workers.foreign immigrant workers.
The “Formul
a”
The “Formul
a”
unions unions + violence + strikes + socialists + violence + strikes + socialists + immigrants immigrants = anarchists anarchists