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Communication
Russell, Leadership in Recrea
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What Are We Communicating
What are you communicating, by beinyour seat?
What brings you here The clothes you wear
The people you sit near
The way you sit
Whom you look at or avoid
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What Influences Communicati
Activity: Gossip
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Is This Communication?
What if the communicator meant one thing, andit as something entirely different is that com
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Is This Communication?
What if nobody ever reads, hears, or underis it still communication?
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Is This Communication?
If so, what is it saying? If not,
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Is This Communication?
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Is This Communication?
(In other words, I have nothing to say to
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Is This Communication?
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Is This Communication?
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What Is Communication?
Lets find a way to tie together all of
different things we call communica
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A Communication Model
A model is a simplified image of a comp
What is this model trying to depict?
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Participants
Resources
Informal Communication Channels
Formal Communicatio
Parts of a Communication Mo
Specifics
etting/co
ntext
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The Communication Medium: Th
by Which We Communicate
Verbal: speech or writing
Nonverbal: images, gestures, beh
Recorded: tangible forms (e.g., in
photo) and intangible (e.g., electron
Perhaps not recorded: experience
present, memories from the past, hothe future
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Communication Resources and
Your culture how you were taught
communicate
What you know, think, and believe
Your habits, needs, interests, desire Ability to express yourself: skills
Ability to understand: listening, per
Willingness to understand somethin
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Formal Communications
Business communications: memora
letters, other documentation
Entertainment and artistic communi
photos, video, sound, dance
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Informal Communications
Conversation: face-to-face, e-mail,
telephone
Entertainment: telling stories, jokes
horseplay, games Gossip!
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A Communication Scenario
Suppose you are leading a group on aSuddenly a group member stumbles aAnother group member takes his arm him back up. A short while later, the mfell complains of back pain.
What kinds of formal and informalcommunications are likely to occur in thalf-hour?
How about in the next 24 hours?
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Assumptions of This Model
Person = resources. Your communication alimits remain the same in all situations
Medium just sort of sits there
Message is a thing somewhere between se
receiver. Communication shoots straight on Setting/context is independent, not shaped
message, sender, receiver, or resources
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Factors That the Model May N
Effectiveness of the medium
Communication dynamic
Games people play
Communication culture, tradition, rules Multiple participants
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Can people communicate only about common eDo people co-create meaning?
The Communication Dynamic
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Communication Games: Liste
Ideology: commitment to a belief syis always partially false
The blind eye & the deaf ear: you msaying what I want you to be saying
Self-centeredness / ulterior motivesyou say is only important if I can uspurposes
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Ideology: Lets Speak the Real
But would that be your real truth, o
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Reflection: A Kind of Listenin
Listen to what the person has said
Reflect (like a mirror) what the person seesaying
Dont let your own views or feelings come Dont simply parrot the persons statemen
word
Give the person a sense that s/he has beand understood
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Listening Practice: Reflection
Groups of 5-7 people
Speaker: tell group your views on a cont(e.g., political, religious, gender) topic
Respondent: reflect the speakers views
him/her Second respondent: same thing
Speaker & others: give feedback on howtwo have reflected the speakers views wadding their own
Repeat with a second speaker on anothe
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Groups: Construct Your Own
Groups discuss what a good model ofcommunication should include
Groups decide whether to construct onor to allow each member to draw his/he(and then select the best)
Non-author test-drives the chosen modfeedback from group), then presents it
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Resources:yourlimits,habits,communicationskil
Informal Communication Channels
Formal Communicatio
Communication Model Parts L
Specifics
etting/co
ntextParticipants
Communication Dynamic
Ideology
Truth
Belief
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Processing / Meta-Analysis of
Communication
Communication about this experiecommunicating
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Assignment
Read Abraham Lincolns Gettysbu
Address (235 words).
In one page or less, explain why pe
might consider it an example of effecommunication.
Due next week.
Use as many of todays concepts as
in your explanation.
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Postscript
I used this PPT on February 8, 2006guest instructor in a session of R27Recreation Activities and LeadershMethods, in the Dept. of Recreatio
and Tourism Studies at Indiana Uni This was my first hourlong, lecture-s
college teaching experience
I later received five feedback sheets
from students (attached) Video excerpts at http://youtu.be/1g
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