IT’S ALL ABOUT GUMMY
BEARS! APPRENTICESHIP
Lesson 1: Introduction to Gummy Bears and the
Manufacturing Process (February 17th)
AGENDAToday’s Agenda
• Introductions
• Norm Setting
• History of Gummy Bears
• Gummy Bear Activity
• Manufacturing Overview
•Closing Activity: Jeopardy
Introductions: Ms. Reid
DRAKE
JUSTIN BIEBER MELANIE FIONA
TORONTO
CANADA
Introductions: Ms. Reid
MIDDLE SCHOOL
TIME
COLLEGE
The University of
Western Ontario
HIGH SCHOOL
Introductions: What is
Chemical Engineering?
ENGINEERING is the application of
math and science to design and build
structures, machines, devices, materials,
processes that safely realize improvements
to the lives of people and society.
CHEMICAL ENGINEERING is
a type of engineering that applies physics,
math, and chemistry to provide practical
solutions and make useful products at
minimum cost in a safe and environmentally
sustainable way.
Introductions: What
will I learn in this apprenticeship?
In this apprenticeship, you will gain a deep understanding of
the production process by learning how gummy bears are
made.
You will also learn the importance of quality control and
protecting the environment, while gaining exposure to careers
in the chemical engineering field.
The 21st Century skills that will be the focus of our
apprenticeship are ORAL PRESENTATION and
TECHNOLOGY.
AGENDAToday’s Agenda
• Introductions
• Norm Setting
• History of Gummy Bears
• Gummy Bear Activity
• Manufacturing Overview
•Closing Activity: Jeopardy
Setting Norms
What are “norms?”
• Norms are a set of expectations about
how we will act toward each other and
the things we will do to foster a fun,
inclusive learning environment
Listen to
others
Try your best
Be respectful Have a willingness
to learn and share
Be friendly
Build off each other’s ideas
Help others
Ask thoughtful
questions
Have fun!
Others?
AGENDAToday’s Agenda
• Introductions
• Norm Setting
• History of Gummy Bears
• Gummy Bear Activity
• Manufacturing Overview
•Closing Activity: Jeopardy
History of Gummy Bears
Hans Riegel
$135 million
19221981
AGENDAToday’s Agenda
• Introductions
• Norm Setting
• History of Gummy Bears
• Gummy Bear Activity
• Manufacturing Overview
•Closing Activity: Jeopardy
Let’s make Gummy Bears!Assignment: A Citizen Teacher has put in an order
for a handful of gummy bear candies for her
apprentices (15 minutes)
•3 packages of gelatin
•2 tablespoons of flavored Jellopackages
•1 tablespoon of Kool-Aid
• 1/2 cup of ice water
•Candy molds
•1/4 cup of sugar
Let’s make Gummy Bears!Assignment: A Citizen Teacher has put in an order
for a handful of gummy bear candies for her
apprentices (15 minutes)
STEP 1: Mix the gelatin, Kool-Aid, Jello, and sugar in a cup
STEP 2: SLOWLY add the gelatin, Kool-Aid, Jello, and sugar to1/2 a cup of water
STEP 3: Mix well in a bowl, not too fast, but not too slow
STEP 4: Allow to stand until mixture looks slushy or watery
STEP 5: Microwave the mixture on high for 1 minute and 15 seconds (Ms. Symes)
STEP 6: Carefully fill the candy molds using a squeeze bottle
STEP 7: Put the molds in the freezer (Ms. Symes)
STEP 8: Remove from freezer, and remove the candy from the candy molds (Ms. Symes)
STEP 9: Store them in Ziploc bags
AGENDAToday’s Agenda
• Introductions
• Norm Setting
• History of Gummy Bears
• Gummy Bear Activity
• Manufacturing Overview
•Closing Activity: Jeopardy
ManufacturingAssignment: A supermarket chain has put in an
order for 100,000 packages of gummy bear
candies
MANUFACTURING is the use of machines, tools and
labor to produce goods for use or sale.
In industrial production, raw materials are transformed into
finished goods on a large scale.
Finished goods may be used for manufacturing other, more
complex products such as automobiles, or sold to wholesalers
who in turn, sell them to retailers who then sell them to the end
users, the consumers.
The manufacturing sector is closely connected with
engineering and industrial design.
ManufacturingExamples of manufactures
Others?
AGENDAToday’s Agenda
• Introductions
• Norm Setting
• History of Gummy Bears
• Gummy Bear Activity
• Manufacturing Overview
•Closing Activity: Jeopardy
Jeopardy
CHEMICAL
ENGINEERINGGUMMY BEARS MANUFACTURING
Who invented the gummy bear and where is the
inventor from?What is manufacturing?
Name one industry that focuses on Chemical
Engineering
Name one of the main gummy bear ingredients
Name 3 companies that have a manufacturing
facility
What is Chemical Engineering?
Why is manufacturing important?
What year was the gummy bear introduced in the
United States?
Where can someone study Chemical Engineering?
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IT’S ALL ABOUT GUMMY
BEARS! APPRENTICESHIP
Lesson 2: Let’s Get it Started! With Raw Materials
(March 3rd)
AGENDAToday’s Agenda
• Review Norms
• Opening Activity: Jeopardy
• Raw Materials Discussion
•Raw Materials Activity
•Closing Activity: Did You Know?
Setting Norms
What are “norms?”
• Norms are a set of expectations about
how we will act toward each other and
the things we will do to foster a fun,
inclusive learning environment
Listen to
others
Try your
best
Be
respectful
Have a
willingness to
learn and shareBe friendly
Build off each other’s ideas
Help others
Ask
thoughtful
questions
Have fun!
Work hard
AGENDAToday’s Agenda
• Review Norms
• Opening Activity: Jeopardy
• Raw Materials Discussion
•Raw Materials Activity
•Closing Activity: Did You Know?
Jeopardy
CHEMICAL
ENGINEERINGGUMMY BEARS MANUFACTURING
Name two gummy bear ingredients
What is manufacturing?
Name one industry that focuses on Chemical
Engineering
What year was the gummy bear invented and where
was it invented?Why is manufacturing
important?
What is Chemical Engineering?
Why are raw materials important in
manufacturing?
Do gummy bears contain beeswax? If so, what is it
used for?
How is Chemistry related to gummy
bears?
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$400
AGENDAToday’s Agenda
• Review Norms
• Opening Activity: Jeopardy
• Raw Materials Discussion
•Raw Materials Activity
•Closing Activity: Did You Know?
Raw Materials Discussion
What does a gummy bear look like?
What does a gummy bear feel like?
What kind of taste does it have? Is it bitter? Sweet? Sour?
What’s in a gummy bear?
Raw Materials Discussion1.
Chemists
2.
3.
4.
Raw Materials Discussion5.
7.
6.
8.
Acids
9.
Flavor
Raw Materials Discussion
1. 2. 3.
4. 5. 6. 7. oC
liquid vaporacid/base
flowliquid
mass
scale
How can we indentify a person?
8. Physical Property is used to describes the
physical state of a material
Examples?
9. Chemical Property is used to characterize
matter in reactions that change their identity
Examples?
Why are chemical and physical properties
important?
Raw Materials Discussion
AGENDAToday’s Agenda
• Review Norms
• Opening Activity: Jeopardy
• Raw Materials Discussion
•Raw Materials Activity
•Closing Activity: Did You Know?
Raw Materials ActivityAssignment: You are sales representatives and
are pitching your raw material to a gummy
bear manufacturing company.
You must convince the company that your
product is the most important ingredient to
making a gummy bear.
The team that sells its
product the best wins
a prize!
Raw Materials ActivityTeam Texture: Gelatin
Team Taste: Sucrose & Citric Acid
Team Appearance: Red dye #40 & Beeswax
Raw Materials ActivityKey Questions to address:
1. Why is my ingredient important in making
gummy bears?
2. Where does my material come from?
3. What are two physical properties?
4. What is one chemical property?
5. What else can my product be used for?
Raw Materials ActivityTeam Texture: Gelatin
Team Taste: Sucrose & Citric Acid
Team Appearance: Red dye #40 & Beeswax
AGENDAToday’s Agenda
• Review Norms
• Opening Activity: Jeopardy
• Raw Materials Discussion
•Raw Materials Activity
•Closing Activity: Did You Know?
Did You Know?!
Super Soaker
Lonnie Johnson
Did You Know?!African American inventor of the "Super-Soaker" in 1988. It
was first named the Power Drencher. It started a whole new
era of water squirters. It was the first water blaster to
incorporate air pressure into its design. The Super Soaker was
the top selling toy in 1991 and 1992 in the United States.
Johnson started his own engineering firm in 1989. He went to
Tuskeegee University on a mathematics scholarship. As a child, he invented a go-kart with his brother, and in high
school he built a robot out of scraps from a junk yard. The
robot was named Linex.
He graduated with distinction from the University with a
Bachelor of Science degree in Mathematical Engineering.
He also went on to get his masters from Tuskeegee in Nuclear
Engineering.
IT’S ALL ABOUT GUMMY
BEARS! APPRENTICESHIP
Lesson 3: Manufacturing 4 Life Part 1 (March 10th)
AGENDAToday’s Agenda
•Introducing WOW!
• Opening Activity: Jeopardy
• Manufacturing Key Terms, Video & Activity
•Manufacturing Discussion
•Closing Activity: Did You Know?
21st Century Skills: Technology& Teamwork
So…what’s our WOW?!
For your WOW! You will be designing a manufacturing plant that will design gummy candies for supermarkets!
You will determine where the plant will be located, the colors and flavors of your candy and much more!!!!
You will be able to explain the entire manufacturing process from the raw materials to the finished product!
21st Century Skills: Technology & Oral Presentation
AGENDAToday’s Agenda
•Introducing WOW!
• Opening Activity: Jeopardy
• Manufacturing Key Terms, Video & Activity
•Manufacturing Discussion
•Closing Activity: Did You Know?
21st Century Skills: Technology& Teamwork
Jeopardy
CHEMISTRY RAW INGREDIENTS MANUFACTURING
Ingredients give gummy bears its texture, _____,
and appearanceName three manufactures
Does melting point have a higher temperature than
boiling point?
Why is gelatin an important gummy bear
ingredient?
What is mass production?
What is viscosity? Does water have a higher
viscosity than honey?
Why are raw materials important in
manufacturing?
What gives gummy bears its flavor?
Does an acid have a higher or lower pH than water?
Why are physical and chemical properties
important?
Where does sucrose come from? Name two sources
What is the first step in gummy bear
manufacturing?
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AGENDAToday’s Agenda
•Introducing WOW!
• Opening Activity: Jeopardy
• Manufacturing Key Terms, Video & Activity
•Manufacturing Discussion
•Closing Activity: Did You Know?
21st Century Skills: Technology& Teamwork
Key DefinitionsMass Production: Producing goods in large quantities at low cost
Key DefinitionsBatch Process: Manufacturing technique of creating a group of components at a workstation before moving the group to the next step in production. Components are created in batches
8
8
Key DefinitionsContinuous Process: Manufacturing technique of creating a material in a continuous process without any interruption. It is similar to an “assembly line.”
Key Definitions
Quality control: is a process by which people review the quality of all factors involved in production
Mogul: start molding machine that automatically performs multiple tasks involved in making gummy candy
Manufacturing Video &
Activity
Assignment: Work with your team to determine
the correct order of the manufacturing steps
The team who gets the order right will get 200
points added to their jeopardy score!
AGENDAToday’s Agenda
•Introducing WOW!
• Opening Activity: Jeopardy
• Manufacturing Key Terms, Video & Activity
•Manufacturing Discussion
•Closing Activity: Did You Know?
21st Century Skills: Technology& Teamwork
8
Mixing Tank
STEP 1: Gummy raw materials (corn syrup, sugar, gelatin, color, flavor and water) are poured into mixing tanks and cooked at 160 oF
?: What happens to the ingredients at 160 oF? Are they still a sold, liquid, or vapor?
Batch Process
STEP 2: Ingredients are weighed, mixed, and pumped into a candy cooker, a 128 foot long stainless steel coil. Steam flows on the outside of the coil, cooking the candy inside. The candy flows into a vacuum chamber to remove excess moisture.
Batch Process
STEP 3: When the batch is complete, it is sent to the Quality Control laboratory to make sure it meets the required specifications
8?: Why is this step important?
STEP 4: Colors, flavors, acids and fruit concentrates are added to the candy in a mix station
Batch Process
STEP 5: Next, the candy flows to the starch molding machine, called a “Mogul.” The mogul uses a series of starch filled mould boards to make the candy shapes.
Continuous Process
STEP 6: The mould boards pass under a stamping machine that presses the shape of the candy into the starch
Continuous Process
STEP 7: The gummy candy is transferred to the depositors, which is a part of the mogul that has a filling nozzle and can deliver the exact amount of candy needed into the trays. When full, the mould boards are stacked and allowed to dry
Continuous Process
AGENDAToday’s Agenda
•Introducing WOW!
• Opening Activity: Jeopardy
• Manufacturing Key Terms, Video & Activity
•Manufacturing Discussion
•Closing Activity: Did You Know?
21st Century Skills: Technology& Teamwork
Did You Know?!
“Father of the
Internet”
Philip Emeagwali
Did You Know?!At the age of fourteen, Philip dropped out of school because of the
Nigerian-Biafran War. He went on to fight in the war and was also
home-schooled by his father. As a daily assignment Phillip would solve
over a hundred math problems in an hour.
His father wanted him to know more than he did. He took his
schooling very seriously and received a scholarship to attend Oregon
State University where he majored in Mathematics.
He went on to receive three more degrees, a doctorate in Scientific
Computing from the University of Michigan and two Masters degrees
from George Washington University.
He is credited with being the creator of the internet! He studied bees
and their honeycombs. He used the similar format of a honeycomb to build the "Supercomputer" which consisted of 65,000 processors. (A
processor is the computers brain which tells it what to do) These 65,000
processors made the fastest computer in the world in 1989. Today, his
computer is used to predict the weather and global warming.
IT’S ALL ABOUT GUMMY
BEARS! APPRENTICESHIP
Lesson 4: Review & Prep for Field Trip (March 17th)
IT’S ALL ABOUT GUMMY
BEARS! APPRENTICESHIP
Lesson 5: Manufacturing 4 Life Part 2 (March 24th)
AGENDAToday’s Agenda
• Opening Activity: Jeopardy
• Manufacturing Review & Discussion
•Closing Activity: Did You Know?
21st Century Skills: Technology& Teamwork
JeopardyOTHER
GUMMY BEAR
PROCESSMANUFACTURING
What happens after the gummy bear ingredients
are mixed together?
what is mass production and why do we need it?
A continuous process is similar to an _______
________
How is the gummy candy added to the mold boards?
what is a mogul? Can it be used to make other types of
candy besides gummy bears?
what is chemical engineering?
How do the mold boards get the gummy bear
design?
When are the colors, flavors and fruit
concentrations added?
which has a higher pH, acids or bases? Name an example
of an acid and a base
Why are physical and chemical properties important? Name an
example of each
When is the gummy bear batch sent to quality
control laboratory? Why?
what is a tumbler?
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$800Bonus: How is corn starch used in the
gummy bear process? Does it get reused in the process?
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$800
Bonus! $1,000
AGENDAToday’s Agenda
• Opening Activity: Jeopardy
• Manufacturing Review & Discussion
•Closing Activity: Did You Know?
21st Century Skills: Technology& Teamwork
WHY DO WE USE STARCH?
1. Starch prevents candy from sticking to the candy molds.
2. Starch holds the gummy candy in place during the drying, cooling, and setting processes.
3. Starch absorbs moisture from the candies, giving them the proper texture.
Manufacturing Review
?: What is moisture?
Manufacturing Review
4. Mogal can automatically perform the multiple tasks involved in making gummy candy such as gummy bears, jelly belly’s and marshmallows.
5. Mogal consists of 30 trays that have gummy molds. Each mold can hold over 600 gummy bears!
WHY DO WE USE A MOGUL?
Manufacturing Activity 2
Assignment: Work with your team to
determine the correct order of the
manufacturing steps
The team who gets the order right will get
200 points added to their jeopardy score!
STEP 8: After 24 hours, the mold boards are returned to the mogul. The mogul empties the mold board by turning it over, allowing the candy and starch to fall into a rotating sieve.
Continuous Process
STEP 9: The candy is separated from the molding starch.
Batch Process
STEP 10: The candy moves onto a conveyor belt and is taken to a tumbler.
Continuous Process
STEP 11: The candy is coated in the tumbler to keep it from sticking together.
Batch Process?: What is used to coat the candy?
STEP 12: The gummies are checked for quality before they are sent to packaging!
?: What are the gummies checked for?
STEP 13: The gummies are sent to a bagging machine. This process uses a series of buckets which measure the amount of candy placed in each bag.
Continuous Process
STEP 14: Once measured, the candy moves to the bagging machine which uses a flat sheet of plastic from a roll.
Continuous Process
STEP 15: The finished bags are packed into cases and prepared for shipping!
Continuous Process
STEP 16: The starch that was separated from the gummy candy in step 9 is sent to a starch conditioning system where it is dried and cooled.
Continuous Process
STEP 17: The starch is then sent to the starch molding machine to be reused, and enters mold boards to make the candy shapes. The process starts all over again!
Continuous Process
AGENDAToday’s Agenda
• Opening Activity: Jeopardy
• Manufacturing Review & Discussion
•Closing Activity: Did You Know?
21st Century Skills: Technology& Teamwork
Did You Know?!
Refrigerator system and
helped to produce talking
films!
Frederick Jones
Did You Know?!Born 1893 in Covington, Kentucky to a White father and Black mother.
His mother died shortly after he was born. He ran away from home at age 12 to work in a car mechanic shop. He watched how cars were
taken apart and became really interested in the process. In just a few
short years he became one of the highest ranking workers in the shop.
After several more years working as a mechanic he went on to race
cars and became one of the most well known racers in the region.
He is one of the most revered Black inventors with over 60 creations!
He soon enlisted in the army and fought in France during the first
world war. His skills were mostly self taught and from experience he
gained from the army. After a delivery went bad with food spoiling, he
invented the automatic refrigeration system which eliminated food
going bad. He also helped to convert silent movies into talking films.
He received the National Medal of Technology which is one of the
greatest honors for an inventor. He was also the first Black inventor to
earn this award.
IT’S ALL ABOUT GUMMY
BEARS! APPRENTICESHIP
Lesson 6: Wanna be Starting Quality Control
(March 31st)
AGENDAToday’s Agenda
•Opening Activity: Jeopardy
• Manufacturing Activity & Review
• Quality Control Discussion
•WOW Prep and Taza Tour
•Closing Activity: Did You Know?
21st Century Skills: Technology& Teamwork
JeopardyOTHER
GUMMY BEAR
PROCESSMANUFACTURING
What happens after the gummy bear ingredients
are mixed together?
A continuous process is similar to an _______
________
How is the gummy candy added to the mold boards?
What is a mogul, and what type of candy can it make?
Why is dye added to the gummy bears? What do
the colors represent?
How is corn starch used in the gummy process?
Name one reason why it is used
Does the corn starch get reused? Why?
What gives the gummy bears its texture?
Why are physical and chemical properties important? Name an
example of each
How do the correct number of gummy bears get added to each bag?
How many times do we check for quality when we
make gummy bears?
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$800
How many trays does a mogul have, and how many gummy bears can it hold?
$200
$400
$600
$800
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$400
$600
$800
AGENDAToday’s Agenda
•Opening Activity: Jeopardy
• Manufacturing Activity & Review
• Quality Control Discussion
•WOW Prep and Taza Tour
•Closing Activity: Did You Know?
21st Century Skills: Technology& Teamwork
Manufacturing Activity 2
Assignment: Work with your team to
determine the correct order of the
manufacturing steps
The team who gets the order right will get
200 points added to their jeopardy score!
Manufacturing ReviewSTEP 1: Factory workers
follow instructions outlined in the recipes and physically
pour the appropriate amount of gummy raw
materials into main mixing tanks.
STEP 2: Once the ingredients are mixed, it is sent to a candy cooker, and the
excess moisture is removed.
8
Mixing Tank
Manufacturing ReviewSTEP 3: Gummy candy
mixture is sent to quality control laboratory to make sure it meets the required
specifications.
STEP 4: Colors, flavors, acids, and fruit concentrates are added to the candy in a
mix station.
8
STEP 5: Candy flows to the starch molding machine, where molds are formed into candy shapes. Once the molds are filled they are sent to
dry for 24 hours.
Manufacturing Review
Manufacturing ReviewSTEP 6: After the gummy
bears dry in the mold boards, the boards are then
returned to the mogul where they are emptied, allowing the candy and starch to fall
into a rotating sieve.
STEP 7: The candy is separated from the molding
starch.
Manufacturing ReviewSTEP 8: The gummy candy
moves onto a conveyor belt and is taken to a tumbler where it is coated to keep
them from sticking together.
STEP 9: The gummy candies are checked for quality then sent to a bagging machine
to get packaged.
Manufacturing ReviewSTEP 10: The starch that was removed from the gummy bears
enters a starch conditioning system where it is dried and cooled. It is then sent to the starch molding machine to be reused, and enters mold boards to make the candy shapes. The process starts all over
again.
AGENDAToday’s Agenda
•Opening Activity: Jeopardy
• Manufacturing Activity & Review
• Quality Control Discussion
•WOW Prep and Taza Tour
•Closing Activity: Did You Know?
21st Century Skills: Technology& Teamwork
Quality Control
What’s wrong with these Jelly Belly
candies?
Quality Control
What’s this person doing?
Quality Control
Describe this picture
Quality Control1. WHAT IS QUALITY CONTROL?
Quality Control is a process by which people review the quality of all factors involved in production
2. WHY IS QUALITY CONTROL IMPORTANT?
Quality Control is important because it ensures that the end product is good for use. It makes sure that our foods are safe to eat, our cars are safe to drive, etc.
3. HOW MANY TIMES DO WE CHECK FOR QUALITY WHEN WE MAKE GUMMY BEARS?
Twice
Quality Control4. WHAT DO WE CHECK FOR IN THE FIRST STEP?
Raw materials are tested in the Quality Control lab to ensure they confirm to specifications. Materials are checked for the following:•Appearance•Color•Odor•Flavor•viscosity of oils•pH of liquids•particle sizes of the solids
Quality Control5. WHAT DO WE CHECK FOR IN THE SECOND STEP?Physical aspects of the candy are checked which include:•Appearance•Texture•Odor•Flavor
6. HOW IS THE CANDY TESTED IN BOTH STEPS?The method of testing is to compare the candy to an established standard. For example, the color of a random sample is compared to the correct gummy bear color. Other qualities such as taste, texture, and odor are evaluated by sensory panels. These are made up of a group of people who look at the candy for any small differences
AGENDAToday’s Agenda
•Opening Activity: Jeopardy
• Manufacturing Activity & Review
• Quality Control Discussion
•WOW Prep and Taza Tour
•Closing Activity: Did You Know?
21st Century Skills: Technology& Teamwork
So…what’s our WOW?!
For your WOW! You will be designing a manufacturing plant that will design gummy candies for supermarkets!
You will determine the name of the plant, location, colors and flavors of your candy, and much more!!!!
You will be able to explain the entire manufacturing process from the raw materials to the finished product!
21st Century Skills: Technology & Oral Presentation
Taza Chocolate Factory Questions1.Who owns the factory and why did they want to make candy for a living?2.What is chocolate made out of?3.What kind of chocolate do you make?4.How long does it take to make a chocolate bar?5.What ingredients do you put in your chocolate?6.Why is the factory named Taza?7.How do you make the machines?8.How long did it take to start the business?
Taza Factory!
AGENDAToday’s Agenda
•Opening Activity: Jeopardy
• Manufacturing Activity & Review
• Quality Control Discussion
•WOW Prep and Taza Tour
•Closing Activity: Did You Know?
21st Century Skills: Technology& Teamwork
Did You Know?!
Black hair care products
Madame CJ Walker
Did You Know?!1867-1919
She was born on a Louisiana Plantation to former slaves. She was an
entrepreneur, philanthropist and social activist as well as an inventor.
She created her own business around hair care products for African
American women and was the first Black woman billionaire!
She was born as Sarah Breedlove until she changed her first name to
Madame before starting her company. She developed hair care
products because she wanted to help African American women take
better care of their hair and promote growth. She suffered from a
scalp disease and tried several home remedies as well as store
bought items before inventing her own scalp conditioner and healing
formula. She traveled for a year promoting and selling her products.
Contrary to popular belief she did not invent perm. A man by the
name of Marcel Grateau was the first to use this method. The perm
has transformed over the years since the 1870s.
IT’S ALL ABOUT GUMMY
BEARS! APPRENTICESHIP
Lesson 8: DJ Got US Falling in Love with Safety
and the Environment (April 14th)
AGENDAToday’s Agenda
•Taza Reflection
• Safety/Environment Discussion
• “It’s All About Gummy Bears” Full Review
•Closing Activity: Did You Know?
21st Century Skills: Technology& Teamwork
Taza ReflectionWHAT DID YOU LIKE ABOUT THE TOUR?
WHAT SURPRISED YOU ABOUT THE TOUR?
ARE THERE ANY SIMILARITIES BETWEENMAKING CHOCOLATE AND GUMMY BEARS?
AGENDAToday’s Agenda
•Taza Reflection
•Environmental Health and Safety Discussion
• “It’s All About Gummy Bears” Full Review
•Closing Activity: Did You Know?
21st Century Skills: Technology& Teamwork
Environmental Health and Safety
What do these symbols represent?
Environmental Health and Safety
AGENDAToday’s Agenda
•Taza Reflection
•Environmental Health and Safety Discussion
• “It’s All About Gummy Bears” Full Review
•Closing Activity: Did You Know?
21st Century Skills: Technology& Teamwork
“It’s All About Gummy
Bears” Full Review
You will have 30 minutes to complete all three activities.
Each activity is worth 60 points. The team that gets the most number of points wins!
AGENDAToday’s Agenda
•Taza Reflection
•Environmental Health and Safety Discussion
• “It’s All About Gummy Bears” Full Review
•Closing Activity: Did You Know?
21st Century Skills: Technology& Teamwork
Did You Know?!
Ophthalmologist
Dr. Patricia Bath
Did You Know?!During her teens she always knew she wanted to work in healthcare.
She worked on cancer research at the age of 16 and won recognition
for it. She continued with her studies earning excellent grades. She
received her B.S. in Chemistry from Hunter College in New York in 1964.
She went on to earn her doctorate degree at Howard University
College of Medicine in Washington D.C. in 1968. While doing her
fellowship at Columbia University she witnessed that African American
patients did not have good healthcare. She decided to help fix this
situation by giving back to her community. She spent the next 30 years
working to prevent, care and treat blindness. She believed everyone had the "Right to Sight". Her motto helped her to excel as an eye
doctor. She co-founded the American Institute for the Prevention of
Blindness. They worked to protect, preserve and restore sight. One of
her major contributions in the field has been her invention in 1985 for
removing cataracts. Cataracts is the condition where the eye is cloudy. Dr. Bath was always pushed to succeed in life through
education and she worked hard from her young age to make the
world a better place.
IT’S ALL ABOUT GUMMY
BEARS! APPRENTICESHIP
Lesson 11: Final Lesson (May 12th)
WOW! Recap
WHAT DID YOU THINK OF THE WOW?
HOW DID YOU THINK YOU DID?
WHAT TYPE OF QUESTIONS DID PEOPLE ASK YOU?
WHAT WOULD YOU DO DIFFERENTLY?
Let’s make Gummy Bears!
•3 packages of gelatin
•2 tablespoons of flavored Jello packages
•1 tablespoon of Kool-Aid
• 1/2 cup of ice water
•Candy molds
•1/4 cup of sugar
Let’s make Gummy Bears!STEP 1: Mix the gelatin, Kool-Aid, Jello, and sugar in a cup
STEP 2: SLOWLY add the gelatin, Kool-Aid, Jello, and sugar to 1/2 a cup of water
STEP 3: Mix well in a bowl, not too fast, but not too slow
STEP 4: Allow to stand until mixture looks slushy or watery
STEP 5: Microwave the mixture on high for 1 minute and 15 seconds (Ms. Symes)
STEP 6: Carefully fill the candy molds using a squeeze bottle
STEP 7: Put the molds in the freezer (Ms. Symes)
STEP 8: Remove from freezer, and remove the candy from the candy molds (Ms. Symes)
Licorice video
NAME: _____________________________________ DATE: ______________________________________
Page | 1
IT’S ALL ABOUT GUMMY BEARS LESSON 1— ACTIVITY SHEET
Introduction:
1) Engineering is the ___________ of math and ___________to design and
____________structures, machines, devices, __________, processes that safely realize
_____________to the lives of people and society.
2) _____________ Engineering is a type of ____________ that applies ________, math, and
__________to provide practical solutions and make useful __________at minimum cost
in a safe and environmentally ______________way.
3) The two 21st Century skills that will be the focus of this apprenticeship are:
________________ and ________________
4) ___________ are a set of expectations about how we will act ______________________and
the things we will do to foster a fun, inclusive learning ________________.
Norms:
5) The nine norms of this apprenticeship are:
a.
b.
c.
d.
e.
f.
g.
h.
i.
Others:
History of Gummy Bears:
6) Gummy candy is a unique candy composed of ___________, sweeteners, flavorings, and
____________. Because of its nature it can be molded into literally thousands of -
___________, making it one of the most versatile confection products ever.
7) Gummy candy represents a more recent advance in candy technology. The technology,
derived from early pectin and starch formulations, was first developed in __________ by
a man named ___________________ in 1922. He began the ___________company, which
NAME: _____________________________________ DATE: ______________________________________
Page | 2
made the first ____________________. While gummy candy has been manufactured
since this time, it had limited worldwide distribution until the early 1980s. It was then
when Haribo began manufacturing gummy bears in the United States in 1981. The fad
caught on, causing other companies to develop similar products.
The gummy bears led to other types of gummy candy entries from companies such as
Hershey, Brach's, and Farley's. Now, the candy is available in various different forms,
from dinosaurs to fruit rolls.
Today, it continues to be popular, with sales totaling over ________________in 1996 in
the United States alone.
8) __________________ is the use of machines, tools and _________to produce goods for use
or sale. In industrial production, raw materials are transformed into finished goods on a
large scale. Finished goods may be used for manufacturing other, more complex
products such as _____________, or sold to wholesalers who in turn, sell them to
retailers who then sell them to the end users, the ____________. The manufacturing
sector is closely connected with _____________and industrial design.
9) Name 3 manufacturing companies
a.
b.
c.
Others?
Comments
NAME: _____________________________________ DATE: ______________________________________
IT’S ALL ABOUT GUMMY BEARS LESSON 2— ACTIVITY SHEET
Raw Materials:
1. Gummy candy recipes are typically developed by experienced food technologists
and____________. By blending together different ingredients, they can control the
various characteristics of gummy candy, such as texture, ______, and appearance.
2. The primary ingredients of gummy bears, include________, gelatin, sweeteners, flavors,
and _________.
3. Since gelatin is a tasteless and odorless compound that contains no ______, sweeteners
and flavorings are added to give gummy candy its _______.
4. Various sugars are added as sweeteners. Sucrose, derived from beets or ______ cane,
provides a high degree of sweetness to the gummy candy.
5. Corn syrup is also used because it helps prevent the other ________from crystallizing
and ruining the gummy texture. Also, corn syrup helps add _______ to the candy,
maintain moisture, and keep costs lower.
6. The sweetness of gummy candy is only ______of its characteristics. Artificial and natural
flavors are also used to create a unique taste. Natural flavors are obtained from fruits,
berries, ________, molasses, and maple sugar.
7. The impact of these flavors can be improved by the addition of artificial flavors that are
mixtures of aromatic chemicals. Also, _______such as citric acid, lactic acid, and malic
acid are added to provide ___________.
8. _______ are added to create the wide array of colors found in gummy candy. Typical
dyes include Red dye #40. Using these federally regulated dyes, gummy manufacturers
can make the candy almost any color they desire.
9. During the manufacturing process of gummy bears, lubricating agents, and shine
enhancing agents are added to give gummy bears its shine. These include materials like
___________, and coconut _______.
NAME: _____________________________________ DATE: ______________________________________ Key Definitions:
1. Melting point: Temperature at which a solid becomes a ______________
2. Boiling point: Temperature at which a liquid becomes a ______________
3. pH: A measure of the how acidic or basic a solution is. The pH scale ranges from ____to
____with 7 being neutral. Solutions ______ than 7 are acidic and solutions greater than
14 are __________.
4. Viscosity: defines the substance’s ability to ______. The lower the viscosity, the easier it
is for the liquid to flow. What has higher viscosity, water or honey? _______________
5. Solubility: the ability of a substance to dissolve in a ____________. Soluble means a
substance can dissolve in a solution. Insoluble means a substance can’t dissolve in a
substance
6. Density: a measure of the compactness of a substance, expressed as its _______per unit
volume.
7. Celsius: it is a temperature _______.
8. A physical _____________ is used to describes the physical state of a material
9. A __________property is used to characterize matter in reactions that change their
identity
NAME: _____________________________________ DATE: ______________________________________
Presentation Questions:
Team Texture: Gelatin:
1. Why is gelatin important in making gummy bears?
2. Where does Gelatin come from?
3. What are two physical properties of gelatin?
4. What is one chemical property of gelatin?
5. What else can gelatin be used for?
NAME: _____________________________________ DATE: ______________________________________
Team Taste: Sucrose and Citric Acid:
1. Why are sucrose and citric acid important in making gummy bears?
2. Where does sucrose and citric acid come from?
3. What are two physical properties of sucrose and two physical properties of citric acid?
4. What is one chemical property of citric acid?
5. What else are sucrose and citric acid used for?
NAME: _____________________________________ DATE: ______________________________________
Team Appearance: Dye #40 & Beeswax:
1. Why are Dye #40 & Beeswax important in making gummy bears?
2. Where does Dye #40 & Beeswax come from?
3. What are two physical properties of Dye #40 and two physical properties of Beeswax?
4. What is one chemical property of Dye #40 & Beeswax?
5. What else are Dye #40 & Beeswax used for?
Gummy Bear Texture: Gelatin
SOURCE: Gelatin is a protein derived from animal tissue through a
chemical process. Gelatin is available in granular powder form, or as a sheet
(only in Europe).
The worldwide production of gelatin is about 300,000 tons per year and its
production by geography is as follows: 39% in Western Europe; 20% in
North America; 17% in Latin America; 22% elsewhere. Gelatin is
processed at gelatin manufacturing plants.
PHYSICAL PROPERTIES:
Gelatin has a high viscosity and forms thick solutions or gels when placed in water.
Gelatin is insoluble in cold water, and soluble in warm water
When used at an appropriate concentration, the gels take on the texture of the chewy, gummy
candy
However, since these gels are thermoreversible, which means they get thinner as they are
heated, gummy candies have a "melt in the mouth" characteristic
Both the texture and the amount of time it takes the candy to dissolve in the mouth can be
controlled by the amount of gelatin used in a recipe
Gelatin is considered the gelling binder in the making of gummy bears
Gelatin is tasteless and odorless and contains no fat
Dry gelatin has an almost infinite shelf life
The textural characteristic of gelatin depends on temperature, method of manufacture and pH.
Manufacturing and temperature can be physically controlled. The pH is controlled chemically by
addition of acids
melting temperature: <35oC
boiling point: > 100oC
density: 1.3 g/cm3
CHEMICAL PROPERTIES:
pH: ~5
Gelatin will break down (or lose it gelling ability) if exposed to the enzymes of certain raw fruits,
like kiwi fruit, papayas, pineapple, peaches, mangos, guavas, and figs.
USES:
Gelatin is sold with a wide range of special properties
Gelatin is used in food and candy such as gummy bears, marshmallows, candy corn and it is also
used to thicken yogurt, sour cream, and ice creams
Gelatin is also used to create shells of pharmaceutical capsules in order to make them easier to
swallow
It is also used by synchronized swimmers to hold their hair in place during their routines as it will
not dissolve in the cold water of the pool
OTHER:
People who are Mulsim halal or Jewish kosher do not eat animal-sourced gelatin
Gummy Bear Taste
Sucrose (sweetness) SOURCE: Sucrose is a carbohydrate commonly known as table sugar.
It comes from sugar cane or sugar beets, and provides a high degree of
sweetness to the gummy candy.
In 2001/2002, worldwide production of sugar amounted to 134.1 million
tons.
Most cane sugar comes from countries with warm climates, such as
Brazil, India, China, Thailand, Mexico, and Australia. Beet sugar comes
from regions with cooler climates: northwest and eastern Europe, northern Japan, and some areas
in the United States (including California).
PHYSICAL PROPERTIES:
A white, odorless, crystalline powder with a sweet taste
The solubility of sucrose in water depends on the temperature. The hotter the water is, the more
soluble is the sugar
Density: 1.587 g/cm3
melting point: 186 °C
CHEMICAL PROPERTIES:
sugar does not have a pH
Citric Acid (flavor)
SOURCE: is a weak organic acid. It is a natural preservative and is
also used to add an acidic, or sour, taste to foods and soft drinks
Citric acid exists in greater than trace amounts in a variety of fruits and
vegetables, most notably citrus fruits. Lemons and limes have
particularly high concentrations of the acid.
In 2007, world-wide annual production stood at approximately
1,600,000 tons.
PHYSICAL PROPERTIES:
At room temperature, citric acid is a white crystalline powder.
melting point: 153 °C
boiling point: 175 °C
Density: 1.665 g/cm3
CHEMICAL PROPERTIES:
pH: less than 7
USES:
Citric acid has been used as an additive to soft drinks, and seltzer, and occurs naturally in many juices
Citric acid is the active ingredient in some bathroom and kitchen cleaning solutions
Citric acid is also used in the process of developing photographic films
Gummy Bear Appearance: Red dye #40
People associate certain colors with certain flavors, and the color of food
can influence the perceived flavor in anything from candy to wine. For
this reason, food manufacturers add dyes to their products.
Red dye #40 is a chemical and is often referred to as an "azo" dye. It was
originally manufactured from coal tar but is now mostly made from
petroleum.
It is the most popular dye and in 1992, more than 3 million pounds of the
dye was produced
. PHYSICAL PROPERTIES:
It has the appearance of a dark red powder
It is soluble in water
melting point: >300 °C
CHEMICAL PROPERTIES:
dye does not have a pH
USES:
Manufacturers use Red Dye #40 in all sorts of gelatins, beverages, dairy products and condiments
Red Dye is in Candy such as gummy bears, Hi-C Fruit Snacks, jolly ranchers, starbursts, skittles,
bubble gum
Beeswax
SOURCE: Beeswax is a natural wax produced by the (female) worker
honeybees. Beeswax is made in bee hives. Honey bees use the beeswax to
build honeycomb cells in which their young are raised and honey and pollen are
stored. About 10 pounds of honey yields 1 pound of wax. About 10,000 tons of
beeswax is produced annually
PHYSICAL PROPERTIES:
Beeswax is a tough wax
Density at 15 °C is 0.958 to 0.970 g/cm³. Melting point range: 62°C to 64 °C
If beeswax is heated above 85 °C discoloration occurs
CHEMICAL PROPERTIES:
Beeswax does not have a pH
USES:
Purified and bleached beeswax is used in the production of food, cosmetics, and pharmaceuticals
Beeswax is used as a coating for cheese, to protect the food as it ages
Candles
NAME: _____________________________________ DATE: ______________________________________
IT’S ALL ABOUT GUMMY BEARS LESSON 3— ACTIVITY SHEET
MOGUL CONTINUOUS PROCESS
QUALITY CONTROL BATCH PROCESS
MASS PRODUCTION
NAME: _____________________________________ DATE: ______________________________________
STEP 1
______________________________________________________________________________
______________________________________________________________________________
______________________________________________________________________________
STEP 2
______________________________________________________________________________
______________________________________________________________________________
______________________________________________________________________________
STEP 3
___________________________________________________
___________________________________________________
___________________________________________________
___________________________________________________
___________________________________________________
NAME: _____________________________________ DATE: ______________________________________
STEP 4
______________________________________________________________________________
______________________________________________________________________________
______________________________________________________________________________
STEP 5
______________________________________________________________________________
______________________________________________________________________________
______________________________________________________________________________
______________________________________________________________________________
NAME: _____________________________________ DATE: ______________________________________
STEP 6
______________________________________________________________________________
______________________________________________________________________________
______________________________________________________________________________
______________________________________________________________________________
STEP 7
______________________________________________________________________________
______________________________________________________________________________
______________________________________________________________________________
______________________________________________________________________________
___________________________________________________________________________
Factory workers follow instructions outlined in the
recipes and physically pour the appropriate amount
off gummy raw materials into main mixing tanks.
Once the ingredients are mixed, it is sent to a candy
cooker, and the excess moisture is removed.
Gummy candy mixture is sent to quality control
laboratory to make sure it meets the required
specifications.
Colors, flavors, acids and fruit concentrates are
added to the candy in a mix station.
Candy flows to the starch molding machine, where
molds are formed into candy shapes. Once the
molds are filled they are sent to dry.
NAME: _____________________________________ DATE: ______________________________________ IT’S ALL ABOUT GUMMY BEARS LESSON 5— ACTIVITY SHEET
Circle the correct word
1. (Starch/ mogal) prevents candy from sticking to the candy molds.
2. (Starch/mogal) holds the gummy candy in place during the drying, cooling, and
setting processes.
3. (Starch/mogal) absorbs moisture from the candies, giving them the proper texture.
4. (Starch/mogal) can automatically perform the multiple tasks involved in making
gummy candy such as gummy bears, jelly belly’s and marshmallows.
5. (Starch/mogal) consists of 30 trays that have gummy molds. Each mold can hold over
600 gummy bears!
NAME: _____________________________________ DATE: ______________________________________
STEP 8
______________________________________________________________________________
______________________________________________________________________________
______________________________________________________________________________
STEP 9
______________________________________________________________________________
______________________________________________________________________________
______________________________________________________________________________
STEP 10
______________________________________________________________________________
______________________________________________________________________________
______________________________________________________________________________
______________________________________________________________________________
NAME: _____________________________________ DATE: ______________________________________
STEP 11
______________________________________________________________________________
______________________________________________________________________________
______________________________________________________________________________
______________________________________________________________________________
STEP 12
_________________________________________________
_________________________________________________
_________________________________________________
_________________________________________________
STEP 13
______________________________________________________________________________
______________________________________________________________________________
______________________________________________________________________________
______________________________________________________________________________
NAME: _____________________________________ DATE: ______________________________________
STEP 14
______________________________________________________________________________
______________________________________________________________________________
______________________________________________________________________________
______________________________________________________________________________
STEP 15
______________________________________________________________________________
______________________________________________________________________________
______________________________________________________________________________
______________________________________________________________________________
NAME: _____________________________________ DATE: ______________________________________
STEP 16
_________________________________________
_________________________________________
_________________________________________
_________________________________________
STEP 17
______________________________________________________________________________
______________________________________________________________________________
______________________________________________________________________________
______________________________________________________________________________
______________________________________________________________________________
The gummy bears are sent to dry for 24 hours in the
mold boards. The boards are then returned to the
mogul where they are emptied, allowing the candy
and starch to fall into a rotating sieve.
The candy is separated from the molding starch.
The gummy candy moves onto a conveyor belt and is
taken to a tumbler where it is coated to keep them
from sticking together.
The gummy candies are checked for quality then
sent to a bagging machine to get packaged.
The starch that was removed from the gummy bears
enters a starch conditioning system where it is dried
and cooled. It is then sent to the starch molding
machine to be reused, and enters mold boards to
make the candy shapes. The process starts all over
again.
NAME: _____________________________________ DATE: ______________________________________ IT’S ALL ABOUT GUMMY BEARS LESSON 6— ACTIVITY SHEET
1. What is quality control?
Quality Control is a process by which people _______the ______of all factors involved in
production.
2. Why is quality control important?
Quality Control is important because it ensures that the end _______ is good for use. It
makes sure that our foods are safe to eat, our cars are safe to drive, etc.
3. How many times do we check for quality when we make gummy bears?
4. What do we check for in the first step?
Raw materials are tested in the Quality Control lab to ensure they confirm to
specifications. Materials are checked for the following:
• Appearance
• __________
• Odor
• Flavor
• viscosity of oils
• ______ of liquids
• particle sizes of the solids
5. What do we check for in the second step?
Physical aspects of the candy are checked which include:
• Appearance
• _________
• Odor
• Flavor
6. How is the candy tested in both steps?
The method of testing is to compare the candy to an established _______. For example,
the color of a random sample is compared to the correct gummy bear color. Other
qualities such as taste, texture, and odor are evaluated by sensory panels. These are
made up of a group of people who look at the candy for any small differences.
Factory workers follow instructions
outlined in the recipes and physically
pour the appropriate amount of gummy
raw materials into main mixing tanks.
Once the ingredients are mixed, it is
sent to a candy cooker, and the excess
moisture is removed.
Gummy candy mixture is sent to quality
control laboratory to make sure it meets
the required specifications.
Colors, flavors, acids, and fruit
concentrates are added to the candy in
a mix station.
Candy flows to the starch molding
machine, where molds are formed into
candy shapes. Once the molds are filled
they are sent to dry for 24 hours.
After the gummy bears dry in the mold
boards, the boards are then returned to
the mogul where they are emptied,
allowing the candy and starch to fall
into a rotating sieve.
The candy is separated from the
molding starch.
The gummy candy moves onto a
conveyor belt and is taken to a tumbler
where it is coated to keep them from
sticking together.
The gummy candies are checked for
quality then sent to a bagging machine
to get packaged.
The starch that was removed from the
gummy bears enters a starch
conditioning system where it is dried
and cooled. It is then sent to the starch
molding machine to be reused, and
enters mold boards to make the candy
shapes. The process starts all over
again.
Group 1: Manufacturing Process
Your role at the WOW!: Your group is responsible for the manufacturing process! Your
role at the WOW! will be to walk guests through the process of how gummy bears are
made. It’s important that you understand the ten main manufacturing steps along with
how a mogul and cornstarch are used in the process.
Today’s task: As a group, brainstorm 3-4 questions you would like to answer at the
WOW! Ms. Reid will stop by your desk to review your questions, and will give you
your science board to decorate. You can paste your questions on the board along with
pictures Ms. Reid will provide.
Leave enough space at the top of your board for the name of the factory and
“Manufacturing Process”
Questions you would like to answer at the WOW!:
1.
2.
3.
4.
Group 2: Quality Control and Safety / Taza Factory
Your role at the WOW!: Your group is responsible for quality control and safety! Your
role at the WOW! will be to explain why quality control and safety are important to the
production of gummy bears. It’s important that you understand what quality control is,
why it’s important, how gummy bears are tested for quality in addition to the
importance of safety when making gummy bears and for consumption.
You will also discuss your trip to the chocolate factory.
Today’s task: As a group, brainstorm 3-4 questions you would like to answer at the
WOW! Ms. Reid will stop by your desk to review your questions, and will give you
your science board to decorate. You can paste your questions on the board along with
pictures Ms. Reid will provide.
Leave enough space at the top of your board for the name of the factory and “Quality
Control and Safety”
Questions you would like to answer at the WOW!:
1.
2.
3.
4.
Group 2: Raw Materials
Your role at the WOW!: Your group is responsible for raw materials! Your role at the
WOW! will be to discuss the raw materials used in making gummy bears and its
properties. It’s important that you understand why each ingredient is used (i.e.
provides the gummy bears with its taste, texture, or appearance), and the chemical (pH)
and physical properties (melting point, boiling point, viscosity, density, solubility).
Today’s task: As a group, brainstorm 3-4 questions you would like to answer at the
WOW! Ms. Reid will stop by your desk to review your questions, and will give you
your science board to decorate. You can paste your questions on the board along with
pictures Ms. Reid will provide.
Leave enough space at the top of your board for the name of the factory and “Raw
Materials”
Questions you would like to answer at the WOW!:
1.
2.
3.
4.