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Stormwater Pollutant Stormwater Pollutant AssesmentAssesment at at the City of Kissimmeethe City of Kissimmee
99thth Biennial Conference on Biennial Conference on Stormwater Research & Watershed Stormwater Research & Watershed
ManagementManagement
May 3, 2007May 3, 2007
Eric Gurr, P.E.Eric Gurr, P.E.University of Central FloridaUniversity of Central Florida
PROJECTPROJECTOVERVIEWOVERVIEW
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Program HistoryProgram History
• 1988 City of Kissimmee Stormwater Drainage Plan• 1988 – 2004 Drainage Program• 2003 – National Pollutant Discharge Elimination System
(NPDES) Permit Issued• 2004 - Total Maximum Daily Load (TMDL) – Group 4
– Lake Toho North (Ammonia, Nutrients, Mercury)– Shingle Creek (DO, Coliforms, Nutrients, Turbidity, BOD)
• 2004 City Funds Stormwater Utility• 2005 City Initiates Stormwater Monitoring & Modeling Project
Stormwater Monitoring & Modeling ObjectivesStormwater Monitoring & Modeling Objectives
• Stormwater System Monitoring• Flood Control for New Development• Water Quality Management (TMDL & NPDES)• Stormwater Retrofit Prioritization• Continuing Operation & Maintenance Program• Stormwater Reuse Opportunities (TWA)• Grant Funding Opportunities (SFWMD & FDEP)
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GOVERNMENTAGENCIES
AMJEQUIPMENT
UNIVERSITY OFCENTRAL FLORIDA
(UCF)
CAMP DRESSER& McKEE, INC
(CDM)
DANISH HYDRAULICINSTITUTE
(DHI)
Program TeamProgram Team
YSI INCORPORATED
DRAINAGE DRAINAGE BASINSBASINS
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In trac oasta l Waterw
ay
AtlanticOcean
Polk
Orange
Lake
Ha rdee
D eSoto
Charlot teGlades
Okeechobee
Indian R iver
Brevard
Pa lm Beach
!(528 §̈¦I 95
§̈¦I 95
£¤192
£¤192
§̈¦I 4
§̈¦I 4
FLORIDAS TPKE
£¤4 41
£¤27
!(60
!(50
!(50
!(17
!(17
!(417
!(417
£¤441
£¤17£¤92
E . LAKE T OHOPE KA LIG A
L AK E T OHO PEK A LIG A
O sceo la
H igh lands
5
Shingle Creek
Bass Slough
Mill Slough
East City Ditch
West City Ditch
Downtown
WATER QUALITYWATER QUALITYMONITORINGMONITORING
STATIONSSTATIONS
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DAKING STREET BOX CULVERTDAKING STREET BOX CULVERT
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CAT WALKCAT WALK
CAT WALKCAT WALK
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PRECAST BASINPRECAST BASIN
PRECAST BASINPRECAST BASIN
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UU--CHANNEL CHANNEL INSTALLATIONINSTALLATION
UU--CHANNEL INSTALLATIONCHANNEL INSTALLATION
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UU--CHANNEL INSTALLATIONCHANNEL INSTALLATION
UU--CHANNEL INSTALLATIONCHANNEL INSTALLATION
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UU--CHANNEL INSTALLATIONCHANNEL INSTALLATION
UU--CHANNEL INSTALLATIONCHANNEL INSTALLATION
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UU--CHANNEL INSTALLATIONCHANNEL INSTALLATION
UU--CHANNEL INSTALLATIONCHANNEL INSTALLATION
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UU--CHANNEL INSTALLATIONCHANNEL INSTALLATION
MONITORINGMONITORINGEQUIPMENTEQUIPMENT
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In-situ NOx, Relative Fluor., and Water LevelJD 117-118
0.00
2.00
4.00
6.00
8.00
10.00
12.00
14.00
16.00
18.00
20.00
100 400 700 1000 1300 1600 1900 2200 100 400 700 1000 1300 1600 1900
NOx surface (µM) NOx bottomWater Level (ft) surface fluorescence
JD 117 JD 118
ISCO Automatic Water SamplerISCO Automatic Water Sampler
•Depth•pH•Rapid-Pulse DO•Turbidity•Temperature•Chlorophyll•Conductivity•Salinity
•Water level•Water Velocity•Flow•Discharge
Monitoring for Both Quantity and QualityMonitoring for Both Quantity and Quality
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Monitored Constituents and ParametersMonitored Constituents and Parameters
• Coliform (Fecal and Total)• Nutrients (Nitrogen, Phosphorus)• Metals (Arsenic, Barium, Cadmium, Chromium, Copper,
Iron, Lead, Mercury, Nickel, Selenium, Silver, Zinc)• Total Petroleum Hydrocarbons• Solids (TSS and TDS)• DO, BOD, COD• pH, Hardness, Turbidity
COMPUTER COMPUTER MODELMODEL
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Computer Modeling ApproachComputer Modeling Approach
• Historical Modeling– ICPR and HEC-2
• State-of-the-Art Integrated Modeling– MIKE 11 (Surface Water Model)– MIKE SHE (Ground Water Model)– ECO Lab (Water Quality Model)
• Refine Upon City’s Comprehensive GIS Data
Computer Model OverviewComputer Model Overview
Non-Point Modeling
Pollution Load
Results
Hydrodynamic modeling
Flows, Stages, Pollutant Loads
Runoff &Groundwater
Flows
Integrated Water Quality & Transport Model (Mike11/Ecolab)
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Computer Model Routine DiagramComputer Model Routine Diagram
PRELIMINARYPRELIMINARYRESULTSRESULTS
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0
20000
40000
60000
80000
100000
120000
140000
1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 17 20 22 23 24
Site Number
Mea
n C
once
ntra
tion
(CFU
/100
mL)
Fecal ColiformTotal ColiformFecal Coliform ThresholdTotal Coliform Threshold
All Monitoring SitesAll Monitoring Sites
0
5000
10000
15000
20000
25000
2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 17 20 22 23 24
Site Number
Mea
n C
once
ntra
tion
(CFU
/100
mL)
Fecal ColiformTotal ColiformFecal Coliform ThresholdTotal Coliform Threshold
Partial Partial Monitoring SitesMonitoring Sites
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0
0.5
1
1.5
2
2.5
3
3.5
1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 17 20 22 23 24
Site Number
Mea
n C
once
ntra
tion
(mg/
L)Total NitrogenTotal Phosphorus75 Percentile-Nitrogen75 Percentile-Phosphorus
NutrientsNutrients
0
0.2
0.4
0.6
0.8
1
1.2
1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 17 20 22 23 24
Site Number
Mea
n C
once
ntra
tion
(mg/
L)
IronThreshold
IronIron
20
0
0.02
0.04
0.06
0.08
0.1
0.12
1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 17 20 22 23 24
Site Number
Mea
n C
once
ntra
tion
(mg/
L)
ZincThreshold
ZincZinc
0
0.0005
0.001
0.0015
0.002
0.0025
0.003
0.0035
1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 17 20 22 23 24
Site Number
Mea
n C
once
ntra
tion
(mg/
L)
LeadThreshold
LeadLead
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0
0.002
0.004
0.006
0.008
0.01
0.012
0.014
0.016
0.018
0.02
1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 17 20 22 23 24
Site Number
Mea
n C
once
ntra
tion
(mg/
L)
CopperThreshold
CopperCopper
0
5
10
15
20
25
30
35
40
45
1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 17 20 22 23 24
Site Number
Mea
n C
once
ntra
tion
(mg/
L)
TSS75 Percentile-TSS
Total Suspended SolidsTotal Suspended Solids
22
0
50
100
150
200
250
300
1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 17 20 22 23 24
Site Number
Mea
n C
once
ntra
tion
(mg/
L)TDS75 Percentile-TDS
Total Dissolved SolidsTotal Dissolved Solids
0
10
20
30
40
50
60
70
80
1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 17 20 22 23 24
Site Number
Mea
n C
once
ntra
tion
(mg/
L)
BODCOD75 Percentile-BOD75 Percentile-COD
Oxygen DemandOxygen Demand
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ANYANYQUESTIONS ?QUESTIONS ?