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How IPv6 Will Kill Telecom – And What We Need To Do About It"

June 27, 2011! Dan York!Dir. of Conversations!

twitter.com/danyork!twitter.com/voxeo!

[email protected]!

© Voxeo Corporation © Voxeo Corporation © Voxeo Corporation

Dan York!

www.danyork.com


Why IPv6?!





In The Beginning...!

192.168.20.12


Mobility!

www.flickr.com/photos/kapungo/3396823518/


A Plethora of Portable Platforms!

www.flickr.com/photos/clonedmilkmen/5111779335/


Internet of Things!

www.flickr.com/photos/dmje/5159177886/


Internet of Things!


Internet of Things!


EVERYTHING over IP


How IP Address Allocation Works!

Regional Internet Registries (RIRs)

Internet Service Providers (ISPs)

You


Global IPv4 Disparity !


Oops... as of Feb 1, 2011...!

Regional Internet Registries (RIRs)

Internet Service Providers (ISPs)

You

All Gone!

Solutions?!


IPv4 Marketplace!


Prolonging IPv4 - NAT Today!

Firewall

ISP

Internet Firewall

IP Phone

PC

Home Firewall

Home

Public IP NAT

Private IP Addresses


Carrier Grade NAT (a.k.a. LSN)!

ISP

Internet Firewall

IP Phone

PC

Home Firewall

Home

Public IP NAT


Firewall


Old NATs Never Die...!

ISP

Internet Firewall

IP Phone

PC

Home Firewall

Home

Public IP NAT


Firewall

NAT Private IP Addresses


The Problem?!

SIP NAT


Oh, and by the way... !

(sorry... we still have NAT-like networks with IPv6...)


And then there is... !

Challenge #1 For VoIP and UC Apps:!

How Many Digits Is That?!


See the problem?!


See the problem?!


IPv4!

192.168.20.12


IPv6!

2001:db8:34a5:23:aa1f:12f4:9009:1234


IPv6 Address Compression!

2001:db8:34a5:0:0:0:0:1

2001:db8:34a5::1

(oh, and they aren’t case-sensitive)


IPv6 Address Compression!

127.0.0.1 ::1

0.0.0.0 ::


DNS is your friend!


Whereʼs The Nearest Port?!


IPv4 Port Numbers!

192.168.20.12:5060


IPv4 Port Numbers in IPv6?!

192.168.20.12:5060

2001:db8:34a5::1234:5060


IPv6 Port Numbers!

[2001:db8:34a5::1234]:5060


IPv6 addressing!

http://[2001:db8:34a5::1234]/index.html

http://[2001:db8:34a5::1234]:8080

sip:dan@[2001:db8:34a5::1234]

sip:dan@[2001:db8:34a5::1234]:5060


DNS is your friend!


Whatʼs the Address?!


IPv6 – Multiple Addresses / Interface!

192.168.20.12

2001:db8:34a5:92:21c:a5ff:fe12:3a80 (global)

fe80::21c:a5ff:fe12:3a80 (link-local)


IPv6 – Neighbor Discovery!

No More DHCP For Address Assignment (well, unless you want it)

Router Advertisements

Also Replaces ARP


IPv6 – Address Creation!

2001:db8:34a5:92:21c:a5ff:fe12:3a80

Router Advertisement

Autoconfiguration from Ethernet Address


DNS is your friend!


How Many Aʼs Do You Want With That?!


IPv4 and DNS!

example.com 3600 IN A 192.168.20.12


IPv6 and DNS!

example.com 3600 IN A 192.168.20.12

example.com 3600 IN AAAA 2001:db8:34a5::1234


IPv6 DNS Fun!

What if DNS gives a AAAA....

but your system doesn’t have “real” IPv6 connectivity?

(You can retrieve AAAA records over IPv4!)


UNhappy Eyeballs!

You

DNS Svr

example.com A 192.168.20.12 example.com AAAA 2001:db8:34a5::1234

AAAA

(a long time later...)

A

?

?


Happy Eyeballs!

You

DNS Svr

example.com A 192.168.20.12 example.com AAAA 2001:db8:34a5::1234

AAAA

A ? ?

(sent at same time; whichever replies first wins)


Happy Eyeballs!

draft-ietf-v6ops-happy-eyeballs


What Lies Buried Within?!


How Do You Store IP Addresses?!

Memory?

Databases?

Config Files?

Room for two? (or more?)


Config Files!

<category name="SIP">

<item name="Server1">127.0.0.1:5060 </item>

</category>



IPv6 Works Fine!!

Linphone – http://www.linphone.org Open source, free and available for Linux, Windows and MacOS X


Linphone and IPv6!

Linphone – http://www.linphone.org Open source, free and available for Linux, Windows and MacOS X


RFC 6157!

RFC 6157

“IPv6 Transition in the Session Initiation Protocol (SIP)”

tools.ietf.org/html/rfc6157


SIP Architecture!

SIP Proxy

A

Alice Bob Media (RTP, MSRP, etc.)

SIP SIP

SIP Proxy

B SIP


SIP Reality!

Internet (or WAN)

Alice Bob Media

SIP SIP

SIP Proxy

A SIP

SIP Proxy

B

SIP Proxy

N

SIP Proxy

D SIP

SIP Proxy

C SIP SIP

Media Proxy

A

Media Proxy

B Media Media


“SIP” = Multiple Protocols!

SIP SDP

RTP


IPv4/IPv6 Fun!

  Communicating between IPv4 client and IPv6 client through a proxy •  Record-Route: <sip:2001:db8::1;lr>

•  Record-Route: <sip:192.0.2.1;lr>

  Mixed communication across a path of proxies

  Mixed communication: IPv6 for SIP, IPv4 for media


IPv6 and SDP!

  Only allows a single IP address per media stream (“c=“ parameter) •  c=IN IP4 192.168.20.12

•  c=IN IP6 2001:db8:34a5::1234

  Multiple proposals for additional SDP parameters •  ex. ANAT - RFC 4091 & 4092 – now deprecated by

ICE

  The IETF way forward is ICE – RFC 5245


NAT, NAT, NAT... !

STUN, TURN, ICE

(RFC 5245)


Discovery of SIP Servers!

  User agents need to find SIP servers/proxies

  DHCPv6 •  SIP Options in RFC 3319

  DNS SRV, NAPTR and AAAA Records (RFC 3263)


Other IPv6 Considerations!

  Other interfaces •  Web and management systems

•  Logging

•  APIs

  Custom SIP headers

  Multi-vendor interoperability

  SBC and firewall support for SIP over IPv6



SIP Forum “IPv6” Mailing List!

sipforum.org/mailman/listinfo/ipv6


SIPit Test Events!

sipit.net

SIPit 28: “68% of the implementations present supported IPv6.”


Get Started With IPv6... !

http://bit.ly/voxeoipv6


Set up Test Lab or your Home Office!

http://tunnelbroker.net

www.test-ipv6.com www.ipv6-test.com


SIP Softphones Supporting IPv6!

  Linphone •  www.linphone.org

  Jitsi (formerly SIP Communicator) •  www.jitsi.org


Olle Would Want Me To Mention... !

Asterisk 1.8


Jonathan Would Want Me To Mention...!

  Voxeo Prophecy 10.1

•  Standards-based platform for speech, IVR and SIP applications

•  Downloads and installs in minutes; Scales from 2 ports to 10’s of thousands of ports

•  World’s most compatible and compliant VoiceXML and CCXML

  Voxeo PRISM 10.1

•  Real-time Communications Application Server

•  Supports Converged SIP, Web and XMPP applications.

•  Carrier grade high performance platform with full support of high availability and session replication

  Free developer versions for Windows, Linux, Mac OS X

  www.voxeo.com/prophecy www.voxeo.com/prism

74


Marc Would Want Me To Mention...!

sipforum.org/mailman/listinfo/ipv6



Q&A!

  Visit our IPv6 resource page and read our IPv6 blog posts:

•  http://bit.ly/voxeoipv6

  Dan York

•  [email protected]

•  sip:[email protected]

•  skype:danyork