Draft document under revision
Human African Trypanosomiasis
Disease distribution and population at risk
World Health Organisation
Control of Neglected Tropical Diseases
Innovative and Intensified Disease Management Human African Trypanosomiasis Surveillance and Control Programme
WORLD HEALTH ORGANIZATION – HUMAN AFRICAN TRYPANOSOMIASIS SURVEILLANCE AND CONTROL PROGRAMME Last update November 2006
ANGOLA AO
Estimated total population for mid 20061 15, 800,000 1 Population Reference Bureau – 2006 population data sheet http://www.prb.org/pdf06/06WorldDataSheet.pdf Estimated population at risk for sleeping sickness2, 3 3,000,000 (2 From WHO TRS 881, 1998)
XXXXX (3 update ongoing) Sleeping sickness affected areas (update ongoing)
Last case reported prior to 2000. Area updated Last case reported prior to 2000. Area not updated Last case reported after to 2000. Area updated Last case reported after to 2000. Area not updated
Capital: Luanda
Common names of sleeping sickness affected areas (WHO HAT Surveillance and Control Programme data set) (Click on the name of each area to access epidemiological information)
1. Soyo 2. Noquia 3. M’banza-Kongo 4. Béu 5. Quimbele 6. Alto-zaza 7. Bembe 8. Bungo 9. Uige 10. Luanda
11. Bengo 12. Banga 13. Luinga 14. Golungo-Alto 15. Samba-Caju 16. Lukala 17. Cambambe 18. Malange 19. Cuando-Cubango
Present situation4 4 Human African Trypanosomiasis (sleeping sickness): epidemiological update. Weekly Epidemiological Record, 2006 Feb; 81(8):71-80. WHO, Human African Trypanosomiasis Surveillance and Control Programme.
Transmission is occurring in seven provinces in the north east, namely Bengo, Kuanza-Norte, Kuanza-Sud, Luanda, Malanje, Uige and Zaire. The Instituto de Combate e Controlo das Tripanossomiases (ICCT) is leading and coordinating all control activities in collaboration with MSF, Caritas, Instituto Portugues de Medicina Preventiva, Fundanga and projects of the Belgian and French bilateral co-operation. The ICCT receives an important financial support from the Angolan Government and has managed to establish 13 mobile teams. This, however, remains insufficient in the light of the geographical extent and population size of the endemic areas. Staff presently involved in control operations is well trained and highly dedicated.
Angola reported cases 1995-2005and the 10 years tendency curve
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WORLD HEALTH ORGANIZATION – HUMAN AFRICAN TRYPANOSOMIASIS SURVEILLANCE AND CONTROL PROGRAMME Last update November 2006
BENIN BJ
Estimated total population for mid 20061 8,700,000 1 Population Reference Bureau – 2006 population data sheet http://www.prb.org/pdf06/06WorldDataSheet.pdf Estimated population at risk for sleeping sickness2, 3 3,000,000 (2 From WHO TRS 881, 1998)
XXXXX (3 update ongoing) Sleeping sickness affected areas (update ongoing)
Last case reported prior to 2000. Area updated Last case reported prior to 2000. Area not updated Last case reported after to 2000. Area updated Last case reported after to 2000. Area not updated
Capital: Porto Novo
Common names of sleeping sickness affected areas (WHO HAT Surveillance and Control Programme data set) (Click on the name of each area to access epidemiological information)
1. Atacora 2. Donga
Present situation4 4Human African Trypanosomiasis (sleeping sickness): epidemiological update. Weekly Epidemiological Record, 2006 Feb; 81(8):71-80. WHO, Human African Trypanosomiasis Surveillance and Control Programme.
Cases were sporadically diagnosed in the Département of Atakora and Donga. The SSNCP, funded by the Government under the national health regular budget, is able to perform control activities in the endemic areas. The last case finding survey was performed in May 2004 during which no case was detected.
Benin cases 1995-2005and 10 years tendency curve
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WORLD HEALTH ORGANIZATION – HUMAN AFRICAN TRYPANOSOMIASIS SURVEILLANCE AND CONTROL PROGRAMME Last update November 2006
BOTSWANA BW
Estimated total population for mid 20061 1,800,000 1 Population Reference Bureau – 2006 population data sheet http://www.prb.org/pdf06/06WorldDataSheet.pdf Estimated population at risk for sleeping sickness2, 3 Undetermined (2 From WHO TRS 881, 1998)
XXXXX (3 update ongoing) Sleeping sickness affected areas (update ongoing)
Last case reported prior to 2000. Area updated Last case reported prior to 2000. Area not updated Last case reported after to 2000. Area updated Last case reported after to 2000. Area not updated
Capital: Gaborone
Common names of sleeping sickness affected areas (WHO HAT Surveillance and Control Programme data set) (Click on the name of each area to access epidemiological information)
1. Ngamiland 2. Chobe
Present situation4 4Human African Trypanosomiasis (sleeping sickness): epidemiological update. Weekly Epidemiological Record, 2006 Feb; 81(8):71-80. WHO, Human African Trypanosomiasis Surveillance and Control Programme. NO GRAPH In the past, transmission took place in the Okawongo Delta. However, trypanosomiasis cases have not been reported from that area for decades and it is believed that transmission no longer occurs. A large tsetse fly control programme has been implemented for many years in this area. The country has excellent health structures but no specific HAT surveillance system, for which there is apparently no need.
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WORLD HEALTH ORGANIZATION – HUMAN AFRICAN TRYPANOSOMIASIS SURVEILLANCE AND CONTROL PROGRAMME BURKINA FASO BF
Estimated total population for mid 20061 XXXXXXX 1 Population Reference Bureau – 2006 population data sheet.pdf http://www.prb.org/pdf06/06World DataSheet.pdf Estimated population at risk for sleeping sickness2, 3 3,000,000 (2 From WHO TRS 881, 1998)
XXXXX (3 update ongoing) Sleeping sickness affected areas (update ongoing)
Last case reported prior to 2000. Area updated Last case reported prior to 2000. Area not updated Last case reported after to 2000. Area updated Last case reported after to 2000. Area not updated
Capital: Ouagadougou
Common names of sleeping sickness affected areas (WHO HAT Surveillance and Control Programme data set) (Click on the name of each area to access epidemiological information)
1. Ouahigouya 2. Ouagadougou 3. Zorgho 4. Manga 5. Tapoa 6. Kenedougou 7. Kossi 8. Dedougou
9. Koudougou 10. Sissili 11. Pô-Zabré 12. Boulougou 13. Bobo-Dioulasso 14. Banfora 15. Diébougou 16. Poni
Present situation4 4Human African Trypanosomiasis (sleeping sickness): epidemiological update.Weekly Epidemiological Record, 2006 Feb; 81(8):71-80. WHO, Human African Trypanosomiasis Surveillance and Control Programme.
It is uncertain if transmission is presently occurring in the south and south east where all recent cases have been identified among returning migrants workers from Côte d’Ivoire. Interruption of local of transmission is supported by the fact that last survey in the area, carried out in February 2005, did not diagnose any autochthonous case. The SSNCP is integrated in the Division of Disease Control and has no logistic means to implement control operations on its own but borrows equipment and field staff from others projects to perform field surveys.
Burkina Faso cases 1995-2005and 10 years tendency curve
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WORLD HEALTH ORGANIZATION – HUMAN AFRICAN TRYPANOSOMIASIS SURVEILLANCE AND CONTROL PROGRAMME Last update November 2006
BURUNDI BI
Estimated total population for mid 20061 7,800,000 1 Population Reference Bureau – 2006 population data sheet http://www.prb.org/pdf06/06WorldDataSheet.pdf Estimated population at risk for sleeping sickness2, 3 5,000 (2 From WHO TRS 881, 1998)
XXXXX (3 update ongoing) Sleeping sickness affected areas (update ongoing)
Last case reported prior to 2000. Area updated Last case reported prior to 2000. Area not updated Last case reported after to 2000. Area updated Last case reported after to 2000. Area not updated
Capital: Bujumbura
Common names of sleeping sickness affected areas (WHO HAT Surveillance and Control Programme data set) (Click on the name of each area to access epidemiological information)
1. Bweru-north
Present situation4 4Human African Trypanosomiasis (sleeping sickness): epidemiological update. Weekly Epidemiological Record, 2006 Feb; 81(8):71-80. WHO, Human African Trypanosomiasis Surveillance and Control Programme. NO GRAPH Transmission previously occurred in north-east Burundi. Constant monitoring during 1979–1980 did not disclose any new trypanosomiasis cases. There is no specific structure for HAT surveillance in the country.
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WORLD HEALTH ORGANIZATION – HUMAN AFRICAN TRYPANOSOMIASIS SURVEILLANCE AND CONTROL PROGRAMME
Updated November 2006 CAMEROON CM
Estimated total population for mid 20061 16,380,000 1 Population Reference Bureau – 2006 population data sheet http://www.prb.org/pdf06/06WorldDataSheet.pdf Estimated population at risk for sleeping sickness2, 3 1,000,000 (2 From WHO TRS 881, 1998)
XXXXX (3 update ongoing) Sleeping sickness affected areas (update ongoing)
Last case reported prior to 2000. Area updated Last case reported prior to 2000. Area not updated Last case reported after to 2000. Area updated Last case reported after to 2000. Area not updated
Capital: Yaounde
Common names of sleeping sickness affected areas (WHO HAT Surveillance and Control Programme data set) (Click on the name of each area to access epidemiological information)
1. Mamfé 2. Fontem-Sanchou 3. Bafia-Bokito-Ombessa 4. Akonolinga-Ayos 5. Doumé
6. Yokadouma 7. Wouri 8. Bipindi 9. Campo
Present situation4 4Human African Trypanosomiasis (sleeping sickness): epidemiological update. Weekly Epidemiological Record, 2006 Feb; 81(8):71-80. WHO, Human African Trypanosomiasis Surveillance and Control Programme.
Transmission is occurring in the Région du Sud which includes Bipindi and Campo foci, in the Région du Sud-Ouest, Fontem and Manfé foci and in the Région de l’Est, the Doumé focus. The Sleeping Sickness National Control Programme (SSNCP) is integrated in the Division of Disease Control of the Ministry of Health. It is under-equipped and under-staffed having to borrow the equipment and the personnel from other projects to perform any control activities. The Organisation de Coordination pour la lutte contre les Endémies en Afrique Centrale (OCEAC) provides some assistance to implement active surveillance. No active case finding took place in 2005.
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Cameroon reported cases 1990-2005and the 10 years exponential tendency curve
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WORLD HEALTH ORGANIZATION – HUMAN AFRICAN TRYPANOSOMIASIS SURVEILLANCE AND CONTROL PROGRAMME Last update November 2006
CENTRAL AFRICAN REPUBLIC CF
Estimated total population for mid 20061 4,300,000 1 Population Reference Bureau – 2006 population data sheet http://www.prb.org/pdf06/06WorldDataSheet.pdf Estimated population at risk for sleeping sickness2, 3 100,000 (2 From WHO TRS 881, 1998)
XXXXX (3 update ongoing) Sleeping sickness affected areas (update ongoing)
Last case reported prior to 2000. Area updated Last case reported prior to 2000. Area not updated Last case reported after to 2000. Area updated Last case reported after to 2000. Area not updated
Capital: Bangui
Common names of sleeping sikness affected areas (WHO HAT Surveillance and Control Programme data set) (Click on the name of each area to access epidemiological information)
1. Nana-Bakassa (Ouham) 2. Batangafo (Ouham) 3. Bossangoa (Ouham) 4. Bouca (Ouham) 5. Nola (Shanga-Mbaere)
6. Djema (Haut-Mbomou) 7. Zemio (Haut-Mbomou) 8. Obo (Haut-Mbomou) 9. Bambuti (Haut-Mbomou)
Present situation4 4Human African Trypanosomiasis (sleeping sickness): epidemiological update. Weekly Epidemiological Record, 2006 Feb; 81(8):71-80. WHO, Human African Trypanosomiasis Surveillance and Control Programme.
Transmission is occurring in 4 prefectures (Haut-Mbomou, Lobaye, Ouham and Shanga-Mbaere). MSF-Spain has implemented all control activities in Haut Mbomou since 2001. The SSNCP staff are well trained and properly equipped, it implements disease control operations in Lobaye, Ouham and Shanga-Mbaere prefectures. A French bilateral cooperation programme provides support to the SSNCP.
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Central African Republic reported cases 1995-2005and 10 years tendency curve
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WORLD HEALTH ORGANIZATION – HUMAN AFRICAN TRYPANOSOMIASIS SURVEILLANCE AND CONTROL PROGRAMME Last update November 2006
CHAD TD
Estimated total population for mid 20061 10,000,000 1 Population Reference Bureau – 2006 population data sheet http://www.prb.org/pdf06/06WorldDataSheet.pdf Estimated population at risk for sleeping sickness2, 3 50,000 (2 From WHO TRS 881, 1998)
XXXXX (3 update ongoing) Sleeping sickness affected areas (update ongoing)
Last case reported prior to 2000. Area updated Last case reported prior to 2000. Area not updated Last case reported after to 2000. Area updated Last case reported after to 2000. Area not updated Capital: N’Djamena
Common names of sleeping sickness affected areas (WHO HAT Surveillance and Control Programme data set) (Click on the name of each area to access epidemiological information)
1. N’Damena 2. Massenya 3. Bouno 4. Tchoa 5. Sahr
6. Tapol 7. Gore 8. Doba-Bodo 9. Moissala
Present situation4 4Human African Trypanosomiasis (sleeping sickness): epidemiological update. Weekly Epidemiological Record, 2006 Feb; 81(8):71-80. WHO, Human African Trypanosomiasis Surveillance and Control Programme.
Transmission is occurring in 1 province (Logone Oriental) where the Bodo focus is situated. The SSNCP is well equipped and trained, but staff members are ageing; staff renewal should be seriously considered to ensure continued surveillance and control.
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Chad reported cases 1995-2005and 10 years tendency curve
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WORLD HEALTH ORGANIZATION – HUMAN AFRICAN TRYPANOSOMIASIS SURVEILLANCE AND CONTROL PROGRAMME Last update November 2006
CONGO CG
Estimated total population for mid 20061 3,700,000 1 Population Reference Bureau – 2006 population data sheet http://www.prb.org/pdf06/06WorldDataSheet.pdf Estimated population at risk for sleeping sickness2, 3 500,000 (2 From WHO TRS 881, 1998)
XXXXX (3 update ongoing) Sleeping sickness affected areas (update ongoing)
Last case reported prior to 2000. Area updated Last case reported prior to 2000. Area not updated Last case reported after to 2000. Area updated Last case reported after to 2000. Area not updated Capital: Brazzaville
Common names of sleeping sickness affected areas (WHO HAT Surveillance and Control Programme data set) (Click on the name of each area to access epidemiological information)
1. Impfondo 2. Ouesso 3. Makoua 4. Owando 5. Mossaka 6. Djarabala 7. Sibiti
8. Louboma 9. Nkayi 10. Madingou 11. Kinkala 12. Brazzaville 13. Ngabe 14. Pointe Noire
Present situation4 4Human African Trypanosomiasis (sleeping sickness): epidemiological update. Weekly Epidemiological Record, 2006 Feb; 81(8):71-80. WHO, Human African Trypanosomiasis Surveillance and Control Programme.
Transmission is occurring mostly along the Congo river in 4 regions (Bouenza, Cuvette, Plateau and Pool). MSF-Holland is carrying out control activities in coordination with the SSNCP in all major foci. The SSNCP staff are well trained and equipped. A French bilateral cooperation programme is supporting SSNCP activities, which focuses on areas where MSF-Holland is absent.
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Republic of Congo reported cases 1990-2005and the 10 years exponential tendency curve
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WORLD HEALTH ORGANIZATION – HUMAN AFRICAN TRYPANOSOMIASIS SURVEILLANCE AND CONTROL PROGRAMME Last update November 2006
CONGO, Democratic Republic CD
Estimated total population for mid 20061 62,700,000 1 Population Reference Bureau – 2006 population data sheet http://www.prb.org/pdf06/06WorldDataSheet.pdf Estimated population at risk for sleeping sickness2, 3 10,000,000 (2 From WHO TRS 881, 1998)
XXXXX (3 update ongoing) Sleeping sickness affected areas (update ongoing)
Last case reported prior to 2000. Area updated Last case reported prior to 2000. Area not updated Last case reported after to 2000. Area updated Last case reported after to 2000. Area not updated Capital: Kinshasa
Common names of sleeping sickness affected areas (WHO HAT Surveillance and Control Programme data set) (Click on the name of each area to access epidemiological information)
1. Doruma 2. Ubangui-Loko 3. Gemena-Takaya 4. Gemena-Bwamanda 5. Bomongo-Bamboma 6. Mbandaka-Lokolela 7. Kwamouth 8. Mushie 9. Seke-Banza 10. Songolo 11. Luozi 12. Djuma 13. Boma 14. Kimpese 15. Kwilu-Ngongo 16. Inkisi 17. Kutu
18. Bolobo 19. Bandundu 20. Kasongo-Lunda 21. Inzia 22. Bagata 23. Idiofa 24. Fadundu 25. Cilomba 26. Ganda-Jika 27. Masuika 28. Mweka 29. Tchofa-Lubao 30. Kasongo-Kindu 31. Kibomo 32. Bunkeya 33. Kongolo 34. Kabambare
Present situation4 4Human African Trypanosomiasis (sleeping sickness): epidemiological update. Weekly Epidemiological Record, 2006 Feb; 81(8):71-80. WHO, Human African Trypanosomiasis Surveillance and Control Programme.
Transmission is occurring in 10 provinces (Bandundu, Bas- Congo, Equateur Nord, Equateur Sud, Kasaï Occidental, Kasaï Oriental, Kinshasa, Maniema, Nord-Katanga and Orientale). Important support from a Belgian bilateral cooperation project allows the sleeping sickness national control programme (SSNCP) to maintain 46 mobile teams. The staff are well trained and effective. France and Denmark also provide bilateral support for HAT control activities. In addition, Memisa, Fometro and MSF-Belgium are implementing control projects that are coordinated by the SSNCP. (see also map of the Democratic Republic of Congo by Health Zones affected by sleeping sickness).
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CONGO DEMOCRATIC REPUBLIC reported cases 1990-2005and the 10 years exponential tendency curve
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WORLD HEALTH ORGANIZATION – HUMAN AFRICAN TRYPANOSOMIASIS SURVEILLANCE AND CONTROL PROGRAMME Last update November 2006
COTE D’IVOIRE CI
Estimated total population for mid 20061 19,700,000 1 Population Reference Bureau – 2006 population data sheet http://www.prb.org/pdf06/06WorldDataSheet.pdf Estimated population at risk for sleeping sickness2, 3 4,000,000 (2 From WHO TRS 881, 1998)
XXXXX (3 update ongoing) Sleeping sickness affected areas (update ongoing)
Last case reported prior to 2000. Area updated Last case reported prior to 2000. Area not updated Last case reported after to 2000. Area updated Last case reported after to 2000. Area not updated Capital: Yamoussoukro
Common names of sleeping sickness affected areas (WHO HAT Surveillance and Control Programme data set) (Click on the name of each area to access epidemiological information)
1. Man 2. Danane 3. Issia (Marahoué) 4. Daloa (Marahoué) 5. Sinfra-Bonon (Marahoué)
6. Bouafle (Marahoué) 7. Abengourou 8. Gagnoa 9. San Pedro-Sassandra 10. Aboissso
Present situation4 4Human African Trypanosomiasis (sleeping sickness): epidemiological update. Weekly Epidemiological Record, 2006 Feb; 81(8):71-80. WHO, Human African Trypanosomiasis Surveillance and Control Programme.
Transmission is occurring in 1 region (Marahoué), which includes the active foci of Bonon and Sinfra and, further south, the Oumé focus. The SSNCP, an administrative structure with no logistics to perform surveys, is technically assisted by 2 national structures (the Projet de recherches cliniques sur la trypanosomiase based in Daloa and the Institut Pierre Richet based in Bouaké).
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Cote d'Ivoire reported cases 1995-2005and 10 years tendency curve
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WORLD HEALTH ORGANIZATION – HUMAN AFRICAN TRYPANOSOMIASIS SURVEILLANCE AND CONTROL PROGRAMME Updated November 2006
EQUATORIAL GUINEA EG
Estimated population for mid 20061 500,000 1 Population Reference Bureau – 2006 population data sheet http://www.prb.org/pdf06/06WorldDataSheet.pdf Estimated population at risk for sleeping sickness2, 3 300,000 (2 From WHO TRS 881, 1998)
XXXXX (3 update ongoing) Sleeping sickness affected areas (update ongoing)
Last case reported prior to 2000. Area updated Last case reported prior to 2000. Area not updated Last case reported after to 2000. Area updated Last case reported after to 2000. Area not updated
Capital: Malabo
Common names of sleeping sickness affected areas (WHO HAT Surveillance and Control Programme data set) (Click on the name of each area to access epidemiological information)
1. Luba 2. Campo
3. Mbini 4. Cogo
Present situation4 4Human African Trypanosomiasis (sleeping sickness): epidemiological update. Weekly Epidemiological Record, 2006 Feb; 81(8):71-80. WHO, Human African Trypanosomiasis Surveillance and Control Programme.
Transmission is occurring in the “Litoral Province” which includes the Cogo, Campo and Mbini foci. The Sleeping Sickness National Control Programme (SSNCP) is well equipped and well trained. The Spanish bilateral co-operation has been providing financial support since 1985 for surveillance.
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Equatorial Guinea reported cases 1997-2005and the 10 years tendency curve
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WORLD HEALTH ORGANIZATION – HUMAN AFRICAN TRYPANOSOMIASIS SURVEILLANCE AND CONTROL PROGRAMME Last update November 2006
ETHIOPIA ET
Estimated total population for mid 20061 74,800,000 1 Population Reference Bureau – 2006 population data sheet http://www.prb.org/pdf06/06WorldDataSheet.pdf Estimated population at risk for sleeping sickness2, 3 100,000 (2 From WHO TRS 881, 1998)
XXXXX (3 update ongoing) Sleeping sickness affected areas (update ongoing)
Last case reported prior to 2000. Area updated Last case reported prior to 2000. Area not updated Last case reported after to 2000. Area updated Last case reported after to 2000. Area not updated
Capital: Addis-Abeba
Common names of sleeping sickness affected areas (WHO HAT Surveillance and Control Programme data set) (Click on the name of each area to access epidemiological information)
1. Gambella
Present situation4 4Human African Trypanosomiasis (sleeping sickness): epidemiological update. Weekly Epidemiological Record, 2006 Feb; 81(8):71-80. WHO, Hunan African Trypanosomiasis Surveillance and Control Programme. NO GRAPH The last cases were reported in the late 1970s and early 1980s from the Gambella Region in the western part of the country. No new cases have been reported since then. There is no dedicated surveillance structure in the country.
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WORLD HEALTH ORGANIZATION – HUMAN AFRICAN TRYPANOSOMIASIS SURVEILLANCE AND CONTROL PROGRAMME Last update November 2006
GABON GA
Estimated total population for mid 20061 1,400,000 1 Population Reference Bureau – 2006 population data sheet http://www.prb.org/pdf06/06WorldDataSheet.pdf Estimated population at risk for sleeping sickness2, 3 400,000 (2 From WHO TRS 881, 1998)
XXXXX (3 update ongoing) Sleeping sickness affected areas (update ongoing)
Last case reported prior to 2000. Area updated Last case reported prior to 2000. Area not updated Last case reported after to 2000. Area updated Last case reported after to 2000. Area not updated Capital: Libreville
Common names of sleeping sickness affected areas (WHO HAT Surveillance and Control Programme data set) (Click on the name of each area to access epidemiological information)
1. Cocobeach 2. Noya 3. Nord versant-Mondah (Estuaire) 4. Nord versant-Como (Estuaire) 5. Kango
6. Sud Como 7. Lambaréné 8. Port-Gentil 9. Lebama
Present situation4 4Human African Trypanosomiasis (sleeping sickness): epidemiological update. Weekly Epidemiological Record, 2006 Feb; 81(8):71-80. WHO, Human African Trypanosomiasis Surveillance and Control Programme.
Transmission is occurring in 1 province (Estuaire). The SSNCP is well equipped and the staff well trained.
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Gabon reported cases 1995-2005and 10 years tendency curve
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WORLD HEALTH ORGANIZATION – HUMAN AFRICAN TRYPANOSOMIASIS SURVEILLANCE AND CONTROL PROGRAMME Last update November 2006
GAMBIA GM
Estimated total population for mid 20061 1,500,000 1 Population Reference Bureau – 2006 population data sheet http://www.prb.org/pdf06/06WorldDataSheet.pdf
Estimated population at risk for sleeping sickness2, 3 100,000 (2 From WHO TRS 881, 1998)
XXXXX (3 update ongoing) Sleeping sickness affected areas (update ongoing)
Last case reported prior to 2000. Area updated Last case reported prior to 2000. Area not updated Last case reported after to 2000. Area updated Last case reported after to 2000. Area not updated
Capital: Banjul
Common names of sleeping sickness affected areas (WHO HAT Surveillance and Control Programme data set) (Click on the name of each area to access epidemiological information)
1. Estuary-Gambia River
Historical note: The sleeping-sickness trypanosome was discovered in 1901 by Forde in a European ship's captain who had navigated the river Gambia for several years. Forde does not seem to have examined the parasite in detail. Later, the same case was studied by Dutton, and following on his reports on the parasite and the disease, an expedition was sent from Liverpool and London to carry the investigation further.
Present situation4 4Human African Trypanosomiasis (sleeping sickness): epidemiological update. Weekly Epidemiological Record, 2006 Feb; 81(8):71-80. WHO, Human African Trypanosomiasis Surveillance and Control Programme. NO GRAPH
No cases have been identified or reported for several decades throughout the country. There are no dedicated structures for surveillance.
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WORLD HEALTH ORGANIZATION – HUMAN AFRICAN TRYPANOSOMIASIS SURVEILLANCE AND CONTROL PROGRAMME Last update November 2006
GHANA GH
Estimated total population for mid 20061 8,700,000 1 Population Reference Bureau – 2006 population data sheet http://www.prb.org/pdf06/06WorldDataSheet.pdf Estimated population at risk for sleeping sickness2, 3 3,000,000 (2 From WHO TRS 881, 1998)
XXXXX (3 update ongoing) Sleeping sickness affected areas (update ongoing)
Last case reported prior to 2000. Area updated Last case reported prior to 2000. Area not updated Last case reported after to 2000. Area updated Last case reported after to 2000. Area not updated Capital: Accra
Common names of sleeping sickness affected areas (WHO HAT Surveillance and Control Programme data set) (Click on the name of each area to access epidemiological information)
1. Binaga-Zongoïre 2. Alfai 3. Gogosapeliga 4. Samene 5. Sakogu 6. West Wa 7. Mid Volta
8. Bumbuna 9. Kpembe South 10. Mampong 11. Yeji 12. Kumasi 13. Offinso
Present situation4 4Human African Trypanosomiasis (sleeping sickness): epidemiological update. Weekly Epidemiological Record, 2006 Feb; 81(8):71-80. WHO, Human African Trypanosomiasis Surveillance and Control Programme.
The last case was reported in 2000 from Takoradi (western region). An active case-finding survey was subsequently performed in December 2005 in this area but no cases were detected. Control activities are the responsibility of the Disease Control Unit of the Ghanaian Health Service, which works in collaboration with, and with the technical support of the West African Centre for International Parasite Control based in the Noguchi Memorial Institute for Medical Research.
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Ghana reported cases 1995-2005and 10 years tendency curve
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WORLD HEALTH ORGANIZATION – HUMAN AFRICAN TRYPANOSOMIASIS SURVEILLANCE AND CONTROL PROGRAMME Last update November 2006
GUINEA GN
Estimated total population for mid 20061 9,800,000 1 Population Reference Bureau – 2006 population data sheet http://www.prb.org/pdf06/06WorldDataSheet.pdf Estimated population at risk for sleeping sickness2, 3 2,500,000 (2 From WHO TRS 881, 1998)
XXXXX (3 update ongoing)) Sleeping sickness affected areas (update ongoing)
Last case reported prior to 2000. Area updated Last case reported prior to 2000. Area not updated Last case reported after to 2000. Area updated Last case reported after to 2000. Area not updated Capital: Conakry
Common names of sleeping sickness affected areas (WHO HAT Surveillance and Control Programme data set) (Click on the name of each area to access epidemiological information)
1. Labe 2. Kankan 3. Mandiana 4. Boffa
5. Dubreka 6. Mamou 7. Kissidougou 8. Nzerekore
Present situation4 4Human African Trypanosomiasis (sleeping sickness): epidemiological update. Weekly Epidemiological Record, 2006 Feb; 81(8):71-80. WHO, Human African Trypanosomiasis Surveillance and Control Programme.
Transmission is occurring in Basse Guinée, which includes the foci of Boffa, Dubreka and Forecariah, and in Guinée Forestière, where the Nzerekore area is the main focus. The SSNCP lacks equipment and human resources.
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Guinea reported cases 1990-2005and the 10 years exponential tendency curve
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WORLD HEALTH ORGANIZATION – HUMAN AFRICAN TRYPANOSOMIASIS SURVEILLANCE AND CONTROL PROGRAMME Last update November 2006
GUINEA BISSAU GW
Estimated total population for mid 20061 1,400,000 1 Population Reference Bureau – 2006 population data sheet http://www.prb.org/pdf06/06WorldDataSheet.pdf Estimated population at risk for sleeping sickness2, 3 300,000 (2 From WHO TRS 881, 1998)
XXXXX (3 update ongoing) Sleeping sickness affected areas (update ongoing)
Last case reported prior to 2000. Area updated Last case reported prior to 2000. Area not updated
Last case reported after to 2000. Area updated Last case reported after to 2000. Area not updated
Capital: Bissau
Common names of sleeping sickness affected areas (WHO HAT Surveillance and Control Programme data set) (Click on the name of each area to access epidemiological information)
1. Cacheu-Saõ Domingo 2. Gabù 3. Biombo
4. Bolama 5. Bijagos (1 & 2)
Present situation4 4Human African Trypanosomiasis (sleeping sickness): epidemiological update. Weekly Epidemiological Record, 2006 Feb; 81(8):71-80. WHO, Human African Trypanosomiasis Surveillance and Control Programme. NO GRAPH The last case was reported in 1989 from the Archipelago de Bijagos. In the past, endemic areas included the Cacheu, Gabú and São Domingos regions. Surveillance ceased in the 1990s. There are no dedicated structures for surveillance.
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WORLD HEALTH ORGANIZATION – HUMAN AFRICAN TRYPANOSOMIASIS SURVEILLANCE AND CONTROL PROGRAMME Last update November 2006
KENYA KE
Estimated total population for mid 20061 34,700,000 1 Population Reference Bureau – 2006 population data sheet http://www.prb.org/pdf06/06WorldDataSheet.pdf Estimated population at risk for sleeping sickness2, 3 700,000 (2 From WHO TRS 881, 1998)
XXXXX (3 update ongoing) Sleeping sickness affected areas update ongoing)
Last case reported prior to 2000. Area updated Last case reported prior to 2000. Area not updated Last case reported after to 2000. Area updated Last case reported after to 2000. Area not updated Capital: Nairobi
Common names of sleeping sickness affected areas (WHO HAT Surveillance and Control Programme data set) (Click on the name of each area to access epidemiological information)
1. Central Nyanza (Alupe) 2. Central Nyanza (Lambwe valle)
Present situation4 4Human African Trypanosomiasis (sleeping sickness): epidemiological update. Weekly Epidemiological Record, 2006 Feb; 81(8):71-80. WHO, Human African Trypanosomiasis Surveillance and Control Programme.
Endemic areas are located in 3 districts of Central Nyanza (Bungoma, Busia and Teso) close to the Ugandan border. Despite a solid passive case detection system managed by the Trypanosomiasis Research Centre, no cases were detected between 2002 and 2004. However, 1 case was diagnosed in Busia (Alupe treatment center) in January 2006.
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Kenya reported cases 1995-2005and 10 years tendency curve
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5
10
15
20
25
1995
1996
1997
1998
1999
2000
2001
2002
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2005
WORLD HEALTH ORGANIZATION – HUMAN AFRICAN TRYPANOSOMIASIS SURVEILLANCE AND CONTROL PROGRAMME Last update November 2006
LIBERIA LR
Estimated total population for mid 20061 3,400,000 1 Population Reference Bureau – 2006 population data sheet http://www.prb.org/pdf06/06WorldDataSheet.pdf Estimated population at risk for sleeping sickness2, 3 200,000 (2 From WHO TRS 881, 1998)
XXXXX (3 update ongoing) Sleeping sickness affected areas (update ongoing)
Last case reported prior to 2000. Area updated Last case reported prior to 2000. Area not updated Last case reported after to 2000. Area updated Last case reported after to 2000. Area not updated
Capital: Monrovia
Common names of sleeping sickness affected areas (WHO HAT Surveillance and Control Programme data set) (Click on the name of each area to access epidemiological information)
1. Lofa 2. Bong
3. Nimba 4. Montrovia
Present situation4 4Human African Trypanosomiasis (sleeping sickness): epidemiological update. Weekly Epidemiological Record, 2006 Feb; 81(8):71-80. WHO; Human African Trypanosomiasis Surveillance and Control Programme. NO GRAPH Cases were sporadically identified in the Bong Mines Region in the late 1960s and early 1970s. There are no structures dedicated to surveillance and surveys are therefore not performed.
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WORLD HEALTH ORGANIZATION – HUMAN AFRICAN TRYPANOSOMIASIS SURVEILLANCE AND CONTROL PROGRAMME Last update November 2006
MALAWI MW
Estimated total population for mid 20061 12,800,000 1 Population Reference Bureau – 2006 population data sheet http://www.prb.org/pdf06/06WorldDataSheet.pdf Estimated population at risk for sleeping sickness2, 3 1,200,000 (2 From WHO TRS 881, 1998)
XXXXX (3 update ongoing) Sleeping sickness affected areas (update ongoing)
Last case reported prior to 2000. Area updated Last case reported prior to 2000. Area not updated Last case reported after to 2000. Area updated Last case reported after to 2000. Area not updated Capital: Lilongwe
Common names of sleeping sickness affected areas (WHO HAT Surveillance and Control Programme data set) (Click on the name of each area to access epidemiological information)
1. Vwaza 2. Kasungu
3. Nkhota-kota 4. Makanjila
Present situation4 4Human African Trypanosomiasis (sleeping sickness): epidemiological update.Weekly Epidemiological Record, 2006 Feb; 81(8):71-80. WHO, Human African Trypanosomiasis Surveillance and Control Programme.
Transmission is occurring in Nkhotakota and Rumphi districts, where cases are regularly identified. The SSNCP is managed by the Disease Control Unit within the Department of Preventive Health Services in the Ministry of Health and Population. In addition to a programme manager at the central level, there are district coordinators at district level. Programme implementation is the responsibility of community health workers. Those involved in HAT surveillance and control underwent in-service training in 2004, which was organized under the auspices of a team of international experts.
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Malawi reported cases 1995-2005and 10 years tendency curve
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10
20
30
40
50
60
70
80
1995
1996
1997
1998
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2001
2002
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2005
WORLD HEALTH ORGANIZATION – HUMAN AFRICAN TRYPANOSOMIASIS SURVEILLANCE AND CONTROL PROGRAMME Last update November 2006
MALI ML
Estimated total population for mid 20061 13,900,000 1 Population Reference Bureau – 2006 population data sheet http://www.prb.org/pdf06/06WorldDataSheet.pdf Estimated population at risk for sleeping sickness2, 3 2,500,000 (2 From WHO TRS 881, 1998)
XXXXX (3 update ongoing) Sleeping sickness affected areas (update ongoing)
Last case reported prior to 2000. Area updated Last case reported prior to 2000. Area not updated Last case reported after to 2000. Area updated Last case reported after to 2000. Area not updated Capital: Bamako
Common names of sleeping sickness affected areas (WHO HAT Surveillance and Control Programme data set) (Click on the name of each area to access epidemiological information)
1. Kenieba 2. Kati 3. Kolokani 4. Banamba 5. Baroueli 6. Segou 7. Kalikoro 8. Baguineda
9. Kangaba 10. Ouéléssébougou 11. Bougouni 12. Kolondieba 13. Kadiolo 14. Sikasso 15. Koutiala 16. Yorosso
Present situation4 4Human African Trypanosomiasis (sleeping sickness): epidemiological update.Weekly Epidemiological Record, 2006 Feb; 81(8):71-80. WHO, Human African Trypanosomiasis Surveillance and Control Programme.
The last case was reported was from the Kenieba area in 2002. An active case-finding survey was carried out in December 2005 in that area; no cases were identified. In-service training was provided during this last survey. The SSNCP is poorly staffed and under-equipped.
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Mali reported cases 1995-2005and 10 years tendency curve
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2
4
6
8
10
12
14
16
18
20
1995
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2005
WORLD HEALTH ORGANIZATION – HUMAN AFRICAN TRYPANOSOMIASIS SURVEILLANCE AND CONTROL PROGRAMME Last update November 2006
MOZAMBIQUE MZ
Estimated total population for mid 20061 19,900,000 1 Population Reference Bureau – 2006 population data sheet http://www.prb.org/pdf06/06WorldDataSheet.pdf Estimated population at risk for sleeping sickness2, 3 700,000 (2 From WHO TRS 881, 1998)
XXXXX (3 update ongoing) Sleeping sickness affected areas (update ongoing)
Last case reported prior to 2000. Area updated Last case reported prior to 2000. Area not updated Last case reported after to 2000. Area updated Last case reported after to 2000. Area not updated Capital: Maputo
Common names of sleeping sickness affected areas (WHO HAT Surveillance and Control Programme data set) (Click on the name of each area to access epidemiological information)
1. Zumbo (Niassa province) 2. Casula (Tete province) 3. Metangula
4. Majune 5. Cabo Delgado
Present situation4 4Human African Trypanosomiasis (sleeping sickness): epidemiological update. Weekly Epidemiological Record, 2006 Feb; 81(8):71-80. WHO, Human African Trypanosomiasis Surveillance and Control Programme.
The last cases were identified in 2002 and 2004 from Niassa and Tete provinces respectively. Control is vested in primary health structures under the responsibility of the National Institute of Health within the Ministry of Health.
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Mozambique reported cases 1995-2005and 10 years tendency curve
-1
0
1
2
3
1995
1996
1997
1998
1999
2000
2001
2002
2003
2004
2005
WORLD HEALTH ORGANIZATION – HUMAN AFRICAN TRYPANOSOMIASIS SURVEILLANCE AND CONTROL PROGRAMME Last update November 2006
NAMIBIA NA
Estimated total population for mid 20061 2,100,000 1 Population Reference Bureau – 2006 population data sheet http://www.prb.org/pdf06/06WorldDataSheet.pdf Estimated population at risk for sleeping sickness2, 3 undetermined (2 From WHO TRS 881, 1998)
XXXXX (3 update ongoing) Sleeping sickness affected areas (update ongoing)
Last case reported prior to 2000. Area updated Last case reported prior to 2000. Area not updated Last case reported after to 2000. Area updated Last case reported after to 2000. Area not updated
Capital: Windhoek
Common names of sleeping sickness affected areas (WHO HAT Surveillance and Control Programme data set) (Click on the name of each area to access epidemiological information)
1. Caprivi
Present situation4 4Human African Trypanosomiasis (sleeping sickness): epidemiological update. Weekly Epidemiological Record, 2006 Feb; 81(8):71-80. WHO, Human African Trypanosomiasis Surveillance and Control Programme. NO GRAPH Sporadic cases have been reported from the Caprivi Strip along the far eastern border of Cuando Cubango Province in Angola. However, transmission in that area is no longer believed to take place since no cases have been reported for several decades. There is no specific structure for HAT surveillance.
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WORLD HEALTH ORGANIZATION – HUMAN AFRICAN TRYPANOSOMIASIS SURVEILLANCE AND CONTROL PROGRAMME Last update November 2006
NIGER NE
Estimated total population for mid 20061 14,400,000 1 Population Reference Bureau – 2006 population data sheet http://www.prb.org/pdf06/06WorldDataSheet.pdf Estimated population at risk for sleeping sickness2, 3 500,000 (2 From WHO TRS 881, 1998)
XXXXX (3 update ongoing) Sleeping sickness affected areas (update ongoing)
Last case reported prior to 2000. Area updated Last case reported prior to 2000. Area not updated
Last case reported after to 2000. Area updated Last case reported after to 2000. Area not updated
Capital: Niamey
Common names of sleeping sickness affected areas (WHO HAT Surveillance and Control Programme data set) (Click on the name of each area to access epidemiological information)
1.
Present situation4 4Human African Trypanosomiasis (sleeping sickness): epidemiological update. Weekly Epidemiological Record, 2006 Feb; 81(8):71-80. WHO, Human African Trypanosomiasis Surveillance and Control Programme. NO GRAPH No case has been reported in several decades. There are no structures dedicated to HAT surveillance in the country.
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WORLD HEALTH ORGANIZATION – HUMAN AFRICAN TRYPANOSOMIASIS SURVEILLANCE AND CONTROL PROGRAMME Last update November 2006
NIGERIA NG
Estimated total population for mid 20061 134,500,000 1 Population Reference Bureau – 2006 population data sheet http://www.prb.org/pdf06/06WorldDataSheet.pdf Estimated population at risk for sleeping sickness2, 3 13,000,000 (2 From WHO TRS 881, 1998)
XXXXX (3 update ongoing) Sleeping sickness affected areas (update ongoing)
Last case reported prior to 2000. Area updated Last case reported prior to 2000. Area not updated Last case reported after to 2000. Area updated Last case reported after to 2000. Area not updated Capital: Abuja
Common names of sleeping sickness affected areas (WHO HAT Surveillance and Control Programme data set) (Click on the name of each area to access epidemiological information)
1. Abraka 2. Benue
3. Gboko
Present situation4 4Human African Trypanosomiasis (sleeping sickness): epidemiological update. Weekly Epidemiological Record, 2006 Feb; 81(8):71-80. WHO, Human African Trypanosomiasis Surveillance and Control Programme.
Transmission is occurring in 1 state (Delta), where cases are regularly reported from the Abraka focus. However, it is difficult to assess whether transmission takes place elsewhere in the country given the lack of active surveillance. All patients in whom the disease is diagnosed are treated in the Eku Baptist Medical Centre. There is no dedicated structure or established surveillance system. The National Institute for Trypanosomiasis Research has the expertise to perform research and could carry out field work but has not been vested with the responsibility nor financed to implement nationwide surveillance.
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Nigeria reported cases 1995-2005and 10 years tendency curve
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-5
0
5
10
15
20
25
30
35
1995
1996
1997
1998
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2001
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WORLD HEALTH ORGANIZATION – HUMAN AFRICAN TRYPANOSOMIASIS SURVEILLANCE AND CONTROL PROGRAMME Last update November 2006
RWANDA RW
Estimated total population for mid 20061 9,100,000 1 Population Reference Bureau – 2006 population data sheet http://www.prb.org/pdf06/06WorldDataSheet.pdf Estimated population at risk for sleeping sickness2, 3 9,000 (2 From WHO TRS 881, 1998)
XXXXX (3 update ongoing) Sleeping sickness affected areas (update ongoing)
Last case reported prior to 2000. Area updated Last case reported prior to 2000. Area not updated Last case reported after to 2000. Area updated Last case reported after to 2000. Area not updated Capital: Kigali
Common names of sleeping sickness affected areas (WHO HAT Surveillance and Control Programme data set) (Click on the name of each area to access epidemiological information)
1. Mikongo-Akagera
Present situation4 4Human African Trypanosomiasis (sleeping sickness): epidemiological update. Weekly Epidemiological Record, 2006 Feb; 81(8):71-80. WHO, Human African trypanosomiasis Surveillance and Control Programme. NO GRAPH Cases were sporadically reported from the Mutara region and the Akagera national park. Neither dedicated structure nor trained staff exist in the country.
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WORLD HEALTH ORGANIZATION – HUMAN AFRICAN TRYPANOSOMIASIS SURVEILLANCE AND CONTROL PROGRAMME Last update November 2006
SENEGAL SN
Estimated total population for mid 20061 11,900,000 1 Population Reference Bureau – 2006 population data sheet http://www.prb.org/pdf06/06WorldDataSheet.pdf Estimated population at risk for sleeping sickness2, 3 Undetermined (2 From WHO TRS 881, 1998)
XXXXX (3 update ongoing) Sleeping sickness affected areas (update ongoing)
Last case reported prior to 2000. Area updated Last case reported prior to 2000. Area not updated
Last case reported after to 2000. Area updated Last case reported after to 2000. Area not updated
Capital: Dakar
Common names of sleeping sickness affected areas (WHO HAT Surveillance and Control Programme data set) (Click on the name of each area to access epidemiological information)
1. Petite Côte 2. Casamance
Present situation4 4Human African Trypanosomiasis (sleeping sickness): epidemiological update. Weekly Epidemiological Record, 2006 Feb; 81(8):71-80. WHO, Human African Trypanosomiasis Surveillance and Control Programme. NO GRAPH Cases were sporadically reported from the Casamance Region in the 1970s and 1980s, but no cases have been reported since then. There is no dedicated structure for surveillance.
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WORLD HEALTH ORGANIZATION – HUMAN AFRICAN TRYPANOSOMIASIS SURVEILLANCE AND CONTROL PROGRAMME Last update November 2006
SIERRA LEONE SL
Estimated total population for mid 20061 5,700,000 1 Population Reference Bureau – 2006 population data sheet http://www.prb.org/pdf06/06WorldDataSheet.pdf Estimated population at risk for sleeping sickness2, 3 400,000 (2 From WHO TRS 881, 1998)
XXXXX (3 update ongoing) Sleeping sickness affected areas (update ongoing)
Last case reported prior to 2000. Area updated Last case reported prior to 2000. Area not updated Last case reported after to 2000. Area updated Last case reported after to 2000. Area not updated
Capital: Freetown
Common names of sleeping sickness affected areas (WHO HAT Surveillance and Control Programme data set) (Click on the name of each area to access epidemiological information)
1. Sherbro
Present situation4 4Human African Trypanosomiasis (sleeping sickness): epidemiological update. Weekly Epidemiological Record, 2006 Feb; 81(8):71-80. WHO, Human African Trypanosomiasis Surveillance and Control Programme. NO GRAPH No case has been reported for several decades. National health authorities believe the country is free of transmission despite the closeness of active foci in neighbouring Guinea. There is no dedicated structure for surveillance.
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WORLD HEALTH ORGANIZATION – HUMAN AFRICAN TRYPANOSOMIASIS SURVEILLANCE AND CONTROL PROGRAMME Last update November 2006
SUDAN SD
Estimated total population for mid 20061 41,200,000 1 Population Reference Bureau – 2006 population data sheet http://www.prb.org/pdf06/06WorldDataSheet.pdf Estimated population at risk for sleeping sickness2, 3 5,000,000 (2 From WHO TRS 881, 1998)
XXXXX (3 update ongoing)) Sleeping sickness affected areas (update ongoing)
Last case reported prior to 2000. Area updated Last case reported prior to 2000. Area not updated Last case reported after to 2000. Area updated Last case reported after to 2000. Area not updated
Capital: Khartoum
Common names of sleeping sickness affected areas (WHO HAT Surveillance and Control Programme data set) (Click on the name of each area to access epidemiological information)
1. Tambura 2. Ezo 3. Li-Rangu 4. Ibba 5. Maridi-Mundri 6. Yambio
7. Yei 8. Kajo-Keji 9. Juba 10. Torit-Magwi 11. Akobo-Bashala
Present situation4 4Human African Trypanosomiasis (sleeping sickness): epidemiological update. Weekly Epidemiological Record, 2006 Feb; 81(8):71-80. WHO, Human African Trypanosomiasis Surveillance and Control Programme.
Transmission is occurring in the Equatoria Region (including Ezo, Juba, Kajo-Keji, Magwi, Maridi, Mundri, Tambura, Torit, Yambio and Yei counties). Control activities are mainly led by MSF-France, -Switzerland and -Spain, Malteser and Merlin. The SSNCP and the Tropical Medicine Research Institute have independently carried out control activities in the Juba area.
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Sudan reported cases 1995-2005and 10 years tendency curve
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WORLD HEALTH ORGANIZATION – HUMAN AFRICAN TRYPANOSOMIASIS SURVEILLANCE AND CONTROL PROGRAMME Last update November 2006
SWAZILAND SZ
Estimated total population for mid 20061 1,100,000 1 Population Reference Bureau – 2006 population data sheet http://www.prb.org/pdf06/06WorldDataSheet.pdf Estimated population at risk for sleeping sickness2, 3 Undetermined (2 From WHO TRS 881, 1998)
XXXXX (3 update ongoing) Sleeping sickness affected areas (update ongoing)
Last case reported prior to 2000. Area updated Last case reported prior to 2000. Area not updated Last case reported after to 2000. Area updated Last case reported after to 2000. Area not updated
Capital: Mbabane
Common names of sleeping sickness affected areas (WHO HAT Surveillance and Control Programme data set) (Click on the name of each area to access epidemiological information)
1.
Present situation4 4Human African Trypanosomiasis (sleeping sickness): epidemiological update. Weekly Epidemiological Record, 2006 Feb; 81(8):71-80. WHO, Human African Trypanosomiasis Surveillance and Control Programme. NO GRAPH While tsetse flies and animal trypanosomoses still exist in the country, no human cases have been reported for several decades. There is no dedicated HAT surveillance structure in the country.
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WORLD HEALTH ORGANIZATION – HUMAN AFRICAN TRYPANOSOMIASIS SURVEILLANCE AND CONTROL PROGRAMME Last update November 2006
TANZANIA, United Republic of TZ
Estimated total population for mid 20061 37,900,000 1 Population Reference Bureau – 2006 population data sheet http://www.prb.org/pdf06/06WorldDataSheet.pdf Estimated population at risk for sleeping sickness2, 3 1,500,000 (2 From WHO TRS 881, 1998)
XXXXX (3 update ongoing)) Sleeping sickness affected areas (update ongoing)
Last case reported prior to 2000. Area updated Last case reported prior to 2000. Area not updated Last case reported after to 2000. Area updated Last case reported after to 2000. Area not updated Capital: Dar es Salam
Common names of sleeping sickness affected areas (WHO HAT Surveillance and Control Programme data set) (Click on the name of each area to access epidemiological information)
1. Kagera-Ngara 2. Kagera-Binaramoulo 3. Musoma 4. Kibondo 5. Arusha-Mbulu 6. Arusha 7. Arusha-Babati 8. Arusha-Kondoa 9. Kigoma 10. Tabora-Nzega
11. Tabora 12. Tabora-south 13. Rukwa-Mpanda 14. Nkasi 15. Mbeya 16. Ifakara 17. Tunduru 18. Lindi-Liwale 19. Lindi-Nachingwea
Present situation4 4Human African Trypanosomiasis (sleeping sickness): epidemiological update. Weekly Epidemiological Record, 2006 Feb; 81(8):71-80. WHO, Human African Trypanosomiasis Surveillance and Control Programme.
Transmission is occurring in 3 regions: Kigoma, (Kibondo and Kasulu districts), Tabora (Kigoma, Sikonge and Urambo districts) and Rukwa (Mpanda district). Cases are regularly identified in local health structures. There is no dedicated structure at national level, but 1 person (based within the Ministry of Health) acts as a focal point for HAT and is in charge of monitoring the disease. Some control activities are implemented by the National Institute for Medical Research from its Tabora station.
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Tanzania reported cases 1995-2005
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100
200
300
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WORLD HEALTH ORGANIZATION – HUMAN AFRICAN TRYPANOSOMIASIS SURVEILLANCE AND CONTROL PROGRAMME Last update November 2006
TOGO TG
Estimated total population for mid 20061 6,300,000 1 Population Reference Bureau – 2006 population data sheet http://www.prb.org/pdf06/06WorldDataSheet.pdf Estimated population at risk for sleeping sickness2, 3 700,000 (2 From WHO TRS 881, 1998)
XXXXX (3 update ongoing) Sleeping sickness affected areas (update ongoing)
Last case reported prior to 2000. Area updated Last case reported prior to 2000. Area not updated Last case reported after to 2000. Area updated Last case reported after to 2000. Area not updated Capital: Lomé
Common names of sleeping sickness affected areas (WHO HAT Surveillance and Control Programme data set) (Click on the name of each area to access epidemiological information)
1. Tone 2. Oti
Present situation4 4Human African Trypanosomiasis (sleeping sickness): epidemiological update. Weekly Epidemiological Record, 2006 Feb; 81(8):71-80. WHO, Human African Trypanosomiasis Surveillance and Control Programme NO GRAPH The last cases were reported in 1995 from the Savanes Region. Since then, several active case-finding surveys have been carried out in endemic and neighbouring areas; the last one took place in November 2004. No cases were detected during those surveys. HAT control is vested in the National Institute of Hygiene.
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WORLD HEALTH ORGANIZATION – HUMAN AFRICAN TRYPANOSOMIASIS SURVEILLANCE AND CONTROL PROGRAMME Last update November 2006
UGANDA UG
Estimated total population for mid 20061 27,700,000 1 Population Reference Bureau – 2006 population data sheet http://www.prb.org/pdf06/06WorldDataSheet.pdf Estimated population at risk for sleeping sickness2, 3 2,000,000 (2 From WHO TRS 881, 1998)
XXXXX (3 update ongoing) Sleeping sickness affected areas (update ongoing)
Last case reported prior to 2000. Area updated Last case reported prior to 2000. Area not updated Last case reported after to 2000. Area updated Last case reported after to 2000. Area not updated Capital: Kampala
Common names of sleeping sickness affected areas (WHO HAT Surveillance and Control Programme data set) (Click on the name of each area to access epidemiological information)
1. Arua 2. Moyo 3. Adjumani
4. Mukono 5. Busoga
Present situation4 4Human African Trypanosomiasis (sleeping sickness): epidemiological update. Weekly Epidemiological Record, 2006 Feb; 81(8):71-80. WHO, Human African Trypanosomiasis Surveillance and Control Programme.
T.b. gambiense (T.b.g.) Transmission is occurring in the north-western part of the country, affecting 4 districts (Adjumani, Arua, Moyo and Yumbe). HAT control activities are decentralized and managed by district health authorities. It is believed that an overlap of T.b. gambiense and T.b. rhodesiense could occur, which would considerably complicate control issues because of the epidemiological differences between the 2 forms of the disease. T.b. rhodesiense (T.b.r.) Foci of T.b. rhodesiense are located in the south-east, affecting 10 districts (Busia, Busiri, Iganga, Jinja, Kamule, Kamuli, Mayuge, Mukono, Soroti and Tororo) that are separated from the T.b.gambiense foci by Apac, Kaberamaido, Lira and Masindi districts. However, the transmission area of T.b. rhodesiense has been regularly extending northwards, and sporadic cases were identified in 2004 in Lira and Kaberamaido. This surprising epidemiological pattern has been associated with cattle movements that took place during the civil strife. More recently, in 2005, during a round table in Addis Ababa (Ethiopia), a multisectoral approach for surveillance and control involving humans and animals as well as the disease vector was proposed to prevent the 2 forms of HAT from overlapping. Should this overlap exist, it would substantially complicate surveillance and control operations.
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Uganda T.b.g reported cases 1995-2005and 10 years tendency curve
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Uganda T.b.r. reported cases 1995-2005and 10 years tendency curve
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WORLD HEALTH ORGANIZATION – HUMAN AFRICAN TRYPANOSOMIASIS SURVEILLANCE AND CONTROL PROGRAMME Last update November 2006
ZAMBIA ZM
Estimated total population for mid 20061 11,900,000 1 Population Reference Bureau – 2006 population data sheet http://www.prb.org/pdf06/06WorldDataSheet.pdf Estimated population at risk for sleeping sickness2, 3 500,000 (2 From WHO TRS 881, 1998)
XXXXX (3 update ongoing) Sleeping sickness affected areas (update ongoing)
Last case reported prior to 2000. Area updated Last case reported prior to 2000. Area not updated Last case reported after to 2000. Area updated Last case reported after to 2000. Area not updated
Capital: Lusaka Common names of sleeping sickness affected areas (WHO HAT Surveillance and Control Programme data set) (Click on the name of each area to access epidemiological information)
1. Kampesa 2. Nyiamba North-West 3. Kanona East
4. Mpikao 5. Luangwa river valley 6. Chipata North
Present situation4 4Human African Trypanosomiasis (sleeping sickness): epidemiological update. Weekly Epidemiological Record, 2006 Feb; 81(8):71-80. WHO, Human African Trypanosomiasis Surveillance and Control Programme.
Cases are sporadically reported from 2 districts (Mpika and Petakua) in the Luangwa fly belt. There is no dedicated structure for surveillance or control. Diagnosis and, eventually, treatment relies exclusively on district hospitals.
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Zambia reported cases 1995-2005and 10 years tendency curve
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5
10
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30
35
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WORLD HEALTH ORGANIZATION – HUMAN AFRICAN TRYPANOSOMIASIS SURVEILLANCE AND CONTROL PROGRAMME Last update November 2006
ZIMBABWE ZW
Estimated total population for mid 20061 13,100,000 1 Population Reference Bureau – 2006 population data sheet http://www.prb.org/pdf06/06WorldDataSheet.pdf Estimated population at risk for sleeping sickness2, 3 undetermined (2 From WHO TRS 881, 1998)
XXXXX (3 update ongoing) Sleeping sickness affected areas (update ongoing)
Last case reported prior to 2000. Area updated Last case reported prior to 2000. Area not updated
Last case reported after to 2000. Area updated Last case reported after to 2000. Area not updated
Capital: Harare
Common names of sleeping sickness affected areas (WHO HAT Surveillance and Control Programme data set) (Click on the name of each area to access epidemiological information)
1. Kariba-Makuti 2. Zambezi escarpment
3. Nyamapanda
Present situation4 4Human African Trypanosomiasis (sleeping sickness): epidemiological update.Weekly Epidemiological Record, 2006 Feb; 81(8):71-80. WHO, Human African Trypanosomiasis Surveillance and Control Programme. NO GRAPH South Africa and Great Britain sporadically report cases, generally tourists visiting the Kariba lake region. However, no surveillance system exists for the local population and no dedicated surveys are being implemented by national health authorities.
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