IndustrializationIndustrialization
The process of using machines to produce The process of using machines to produce goodsgoods
A. Agricultural Innovations -
The Enclosure Movement
- fields owned by wealthy landowners enclosed
- larger fields = New methods (crop rotation!)
SO…Small farm owners out of business
QUESTIONQUESTION
What happened to all the What happened to all the displaced farmers?displaced farmers?
(Take a guess…)(Take a guess…)
2. Effects of new Agriculture2. Effects of new Agriculture
• Food supply Food supply increased, so…increased, so…
a. Population a. Population
b. More people want more b. More people want more stuffstuff
c. Rural to urban migration – c. Rural to urban migration – move to citiesmove to cities
1. Factors of Production:1. Factors of Production:• Definition: Definition: resourcesresources
needed to produce needed to produce goods and servicesgoods and services
-Land-Land
-Labor (work)-Labor (work)
-Capital ($)-Capital ($)
B. Resources: England had them
WATER…why was THAT important?)
Canals: Britain’s Canals: Britain’s Earliest Earliest
Transportation Transportation InfrastructureInfrastructure
QuestionQuestion::• Why were children considered “good” Why were children considered “good”
laborers?laborers?
Pause: Add at least 2 Pause: Add at least 2 questions/comments to the notes so farquestions/comments to the notes so far
II. New InventionsII. New InventionsA. Textile production (wool, cotton, etc):A. Textile production (wool, cotton, etc):
- Spinning Mule (powered by water)- Spinning Mule (powered by water)
Big! Not for use at home!
Ponder this…Ponder this…• People used to People used to
work out of work out of their homes. their homes. Spinning mule Spinning mule was a massive was a massive machine. What machine. What HUGE change HUGE change was needed to was needed to get this work get this work done? done? Creation of…Creation of…
B. FactoriesB. Factories• Large buildings with Large buildings with
large machineslarge machines
• Possible benefits? Problems? (HW #1)
Textile FactoryWorkers in England
1813 2400 looms 150, 000 workers
1833 85, 000 looms 200, 000 workers
1850 224, 000 looms >1 million workers
How did the factory system change workers’
lives?
Rigid scheduleRigid schedule
12-14 hour day12-14 hour day
Dangerous conditionsDangerous conditions
Mind-numbing monotonyMind-numbing monotony
Think “Modern Times”…Think “Modern Times”…
C: RailroadC: Railroad
• Steam powered!Steam powered!
Liverpool- Manchester Locomotive:
-13 ton load
-24 mph!
-Opened 1830
Railroad’s effect:Railroad’s effect:
1. Cheap transport 1. Cheap transport industrial growthindustrial growth
2. New jobs (for railways workers, miners)2. New jobs (for railways workers, miners)
3. Goods (and people) now traveled farther3. Goods (and people) now traveled farther