Intelligent systems: Trends, applications and open
problemsAboul Ella Hassanien
Faculty of Computers and Information, Cairo University,Founder and Chair of the Scientific Research Group in Egypt
2015 11th International Computer Engineering Conference Faculty of Engineering, Cairo University, Cairo, EGYPT - December 29-30, 2015
Invited talk – 30 Dec. 2015
THANKS
Agenda
2. Introduction to SRGE
3. Research Map
4. Intelligent Systems
4. Trends and open problems
1. Virtual Association
Virtual Association 4
Not physically existing as such but made and connected by softwareA virtual organization is a “business without walls”
Scientific Research Group in Egypt
5
Scientific Research Group in Egypt
6
1 Professor 1 Associated Professor 15 Assistant Professors 14 Ph.D students 14 M. Sc. students 50 International
collaborative researchers from 15 countries
5 undergraduate student
Scientific Research Group in Egypt
Disabled people
Awards (Unesco and Alecso) السويس قناة مشروع
Organize several workshops in the Egyptian universities
More than 35 workshops in Egypt
SRGE International conferences
AMALTA2014 SecNet2013 AISI2015
Scientific Research Group in Egypt
Research map
Medical image processing Breast cancer analysis,
(sonar, MRI, fMRI, CT) Liver fibrosis and tumour
analysis (biopsy, MRI, CT)
Medical image annotation
Bioinformatics
Problems: - Breast Cancer Case- Liver Fibrosis – HCV- Content-based image
retrieval- Formal Concept Analysis
(visualize (rule based))
Track-IBiomedical Engineering & Bioinformatics
Breast Cancer Case
According to the USA National Cancer Institute report:
Breast cancer is the leading cause of cancer deaths in women today and it is the most common type of cancer in women.
Each year about 180,000 women in the United States develop breast cancer, and
About 48,000 lose their lives to this disease. It is also reported that a woman's lifetime risk of
developing breast cancer is one in eight. Currently, digital mammography is one of
the most promising cancer control strategies in earliest stages.
MRI Breast Segmentation results
Multi-objective K-mean K-mean – goodness – assessment (adapt centers)
Hepatitis C Virus in Egypt -HCV
The World Health Organization has decleared hepatitis C a global health problem, with approximately 3% of the world’s population (roughly 170-200 million people) infected with HCV.
Egypt has one of the highest prevalence rates of the C virus in the world
In Egypt the situation is quite worse.
EGYPT: 14.7 % infected with Hepatitis C
Liver Fibrosis
Stage 0 No fibrosis (fatty liver) Stage 1 Portal expansion with fibrosis (<1/3 area) Stage 2 Bridging fibrosis (>1/3) Stage 3 Marked bridging fibrosis or early cirrhosis (
no reason for tissue conversion) Stage 4 Definite cirrhosis (<50% of biopsy fibrosis) Stage 5 Definite cirrhosis (>50% of biopsy fibrosis)
Challenges: distinguish between the late fibrosis stage and tumor Good segmentation techniques/features-based/classifier/extract the liver features using the joint features of fractal dimension and the entropies of texture edge co-
occurrence matrix based on ultrasound images =========== Classification problem
Fibro Scan – Avoid liver biopsy
A combination of blood test and fibroscan for accurate non-invasive diagnosis of liver fibrosis stages in chronic hepatitis C.
Fibroscan for assessing liver fibrosis
Liver fibrosis identification based on ultrasound images
Content-based Medical Image Retrieval
Query Image
Extract Features(Primitives)
Image Datab
ase Features Database
SimilarityMeasure
Matched
ResultsRelevanceFeedbackAlgorithm
Content-based image retrieval (CBIR) makes use of image features, such as color and texture, to index images with minimal human intervention.
hypermethylated genes in breast cancer tumor subtypes
• DNA methylation plays a very important role in the gene expression regulation, causing many diseases such as cancers. Methylation in a specific region of genes called promoter, can inhibit genes to be expressed. Methylation occurs at a specific regions in the genome called CPG sites (CPGs), the ”P” in CPG refers to phosphodiester bond between the guanine (G) and the cytosine (C).
Formal Concept Lattice
Retinal Vessel Segmentation
An Improved Ant Colony System
Retinal Image Ground-TruthSegmentation
Segmentation ofACS with OldHeuristic Function
Segmentation ofACS with NewHeuristic Function
Intrusion Detection System (Machine Intelligence, Danger theory. AIS)
Cryptanalysis Image Authentication and Applications Watermarking (vector and raster data) Digital Signatures Biometrics
Heart sound recognition Face and Finger print Gait processing
Problems: - Heart Sound as a
biometric- Watermarking (Vector
data)- Image authentication- Asymmetric hash
function- Multi-Biometric-based
Track-II Network and Information Security
Heart Sound Recognition
Biometric
Machine learning and swarms for feature extractions
Blind Separation of Information from Galaxy Spectra
0 50 100 150 200 250 300 350-0.2
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0.2
0.4
0.6
0.8
1
1.2
1.4
Early diagnosis of pathology in fetus
Blind Source Separation (BSS) deals with the problem of separating independent sources from their observed mixtures only while both the mixing process and original sources are unknown.
Blind Source Separation (BSS)
Independent Component Analysis (ICA) for solving BSS
Image Authentication and Watermarking
We got him!
Multi-Biometric-based
Template Formation
Data Capture & Conditioning
Feature Extraction
Retinal Scan Processing
Data Capture & Conditioning
Feature Extraction
Template Formation
Fingerprint Processing
Gait!!!!!
Fingerprints (two problems)
Fractal-based generation Asymmetric Hash function
Vector geo-spatial data /3D animated Watermark
Geospatial data 3D animated object • Geospatial
data or geographic information is the data or information that identifies the geographic location of features and boundaries on Earth, such as natural or constructed features, oceans, and more.
Select the best vertices for insert the watermarks
Optimization problem
Authentication and digital signature in e-health systems
Privacy problem!
Intelligent Water/Air Quality Monitoring Smart Reading Environments Intelligent Lighting system Video Processing
(Video annotation/summarization)
Problems: - Monitoring Water
Pollutions- Plant viruses analysis- Animal identification - Remote sensing
applications- Plant ripeness and
disease diagnosis- Fish counting and
monitoring
Track IIIIntelligent environment and applications
Recommender systems for Air and water pollutions
Multi-Class SVM based ClassificationApproach for Tomato Maturity and Ripeness
Maturity Indices
There are six maturity stages viz. mature green, breaker, turning, pink, and light red.
Tomato fruits are harvested at the required ripeness stage for marketing or consuming.Usually tomatoes are
harvested at colour break stage for distant markets and fully red /ripe stage for local markets.
Selection of right stage of maturity for harvest is an important aspect, which has considerable influence on storage life and quality and final acceptance by the consumer.
Automatic Tomatoes Diseases Diagnosis System
Animal Welfare: Cattle identification• Identify the origin of each animal; • Trace the path of each animal from
location to location; • Trace each animal exposed to disease; • Eradicate or control an animal health
threat; • Retrieve information within hours of an
outbreak and implement intervention strategies;
• Enhance the safety and security of the food chain;
• Improve consumer confidence; and, • Facilitate efficient market transactions
as it provides assurance to buyers regarding the animals life history.
Animal welfare informatics: Technology based – alternative solution: Cattle Identification Using Muzzle Print Images
Arabian Horse identification using Iris pattern
The Arabian horse is a breed of horse that originated on the Arabian Peninsula. It is one of the oldest breeds, dating back 4,500 years. Recent developments in iris scanning have led to a new form of equine identification,
and research has indicated that the horse's eye could be the most telling identifier.
Recent developments in iris scanning have led to a new form of equine identification, and research has indicated that the horse's eye could be the most telling identifier.
Automatic Nile Tilapia Fish Classification Approachusing Machine Learning Techniques
Commonly, aquatic experts use traditional methods such as casting nets or underwater human monitoring for detecting existence and quantities of different species of fish. However, the recent breakthrough in digital cameras and storage abilities, with consequent cost reduction, can be utilized for automatically observing different underwater species.
Counting!!
Example : A set of compounds (single class) have a similar interaction to cells, genes or other compounds will share similar patterns.
For a new compound, if the extracted pattern exist, then this compound is in the same class of the previously tested compounds
Cheminformatics is the application of information technology to help chemists to Investigate problems.Cheminformatics is based on Structure–Activity Relationship (SAR) principle. The SAR principle declares that similar molecules have similar activities. The structure of compounds is represented by a set of descriptors.
Molecules(Structure) Ac
tivi
tyAc
tivi
ty
Data Set
Cheminformatics Molecules(Structure)
Activity prediction
Definition
Cheminformatics
Grap
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re
ever
ywhe
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Program Flow
Ecological NetworkBiological Network Social Network
Chemical Network Web Graph
Chemical compounds (Cheminformatics)Protein structures, biological pathways/networks (Bioinformactics)
Social networks and graph mining
Intelligent Ooptimization and applications track
Track IV: The intelligent technology for blind and visual impaired people
The intelligent technology for blind and visual impaired people
Tongue Drive System• For disabled people,
technology may do more than just improve their lives - high-tech tools may give them life back.
• Researchers from the Gergia Institute of Technology created the latest device, a mouth retainer that allows people with spinal cord ( في إصابات
الشوكي injuries to(النخاعoperate a computer and move an electric wheelchair with only their tongues
Failed projects!!
Users wear a cap that can read brain signals. Those signals are then relayed to a brain scan electroencephalograph (EEG) on the wheelchair which are then analyzed by a computer program and sent to the wheelchair. Toyota said its next goal is to allow users to think about letters in order to spell words.
Analysis brain signals?
Thought-Controlled Wheelchair
A brain scan electroencephalograph (EEG)
Electroencephalography (EEG)
Electro: relating to electricity. Encephalo: relating to the
brain. Graphy: writing or
representation produced in a specified manner.
Therefore, EEG produces a graphed representation of the electrical activity occurring in a person’s brain.
Electrodes are placed in specific regions of the scalp. These electrodes measure the electrical current occurring in varying regions of the brain and transmit this information to a computer.
Detection of seizure epilepsy (EEG signals for detection epilepsy)
one percent of the people in the world suffer from epilepsy and 30% of epileptics are not helped by medication. Careful analyses of the EEG signals can provide valuable insight and improved understanding of the mechanisms causing epileptic disorders and helps in identifying epilepsy seizures. Manual analysis of the EEG signals for detection epilepsy is very time consuming, hence researchers are looking towards automatic detection of epilepsy seizures from EEG signals recordings.
Social Networks and Graph Mining
Social Network Framework for Deaf and Blind People Time-of-flight
Camera
CloudObject / Arabic Text
Recognition
Emotion Detection Sign language Audio
Audio Sign language
Images / Audio
Pictures
Blind mode
Deaf mode
Images / Audio
Seamless communication
SoNetBluePosts
User Name
My first post with image
Normal user
audio or text posts
Image / Video / Audio Posts
Notifications, GPS coordinatesPhone numbers
Find nearest friendCall /sms friends (SOS)
Thanks and Acknowledgement45
SRGE Workshop, Bio-Inspiring and Evolutionary Computation Trends: Applications and Open Issues (7-November-2015)