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ICHET
HYDROGEN
ENERGY
PROJECTS
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INTERNATIONAL CENTRE
FOR HYDROGEN ENERGY TECHNOLOGIESA project of the United Nations Industrial Development Organizationsupported by the Turkish Ministry of Energy and Natural Resources
ICHET
HYDROGEN
ENERGYPROJECTS
UNIDO-ICHET, Sabri lker Sk. 38/4,Cevizliba g, Zeytinburnu , 34015 Istanbul, Turkey. Tel: +90 212 416 4848 Fax : +90 212 416 8947 co ntact@unido- ichet.org www.unido-i chet.org
Highlights on UNIDO-ICHET activities and projects,
April 2011
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Contents
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UNIDO-ICHET ........................................................................................6-7
H2
Ecocaravan ........................................................................................8-9
H2
Ecolift .............................................................................................10-11
Renewable mobile house ...................................................................12-13
Hydrogen ships ..................................................................................14-15
H2
Ecocart ..........................................................................................16-17
Hybrid bus ..........................................................................................18-19
Refuelling station ................................................................................20-21
Hydrogen islands................................................................................22-23
Backup systems .................................................................................24-25
Hydrogen three-wheelers ...................................................................26-27
Partnerships .......................................................................................28-29
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UNIDO-ICHET
Towards a hydrogen inclusive economy
From air, soil and sea pollution to global climate change and rising sea levels,
fossil fuels have decisively harmful impacts on the environment. A shift to a
more environmentally friendly paradigm based on renewable energy sources
and complemented by an efcient energy carrier is becoming inevitable. Clean,
safe and efcient, hydrogen is this ideal energy carrier. Given the right political
impetus, a hydrogen-inclusive economy can be implemented in the mid-term.
The International Centre for Hydrogen En ergy Technologies (ICHET) is a project
of the United Nations Industrial Development Organization (UNIDO) founded in
Istanbul in 2004 and supported by the Turkish Ministry of Energy and Natural
Resources. Its role is to stimulate this impetus in the developing world so as to
prevent the widening of the energy and technology gap with the developed one
while helping skipping over the fossil fuel phase. Since the establishment of its
full human resource and laboratory structure in 2009, ICHET has been overtly
active on all fronts of the hydrogen energy arena through supporting R&D and
implementing demonstration projects.
1. Turkish Minister of Energy and Natural Resources Dr. Hilmi Gler (left) and Director General of UNIDO Mr. Carlos Margarinos
(right) signing the agreement creating ICHET on 21st Ocober 2003. 2. Current Turkish Minister of Energy and Natural Resources
Taner Yldz. 3. UNIDO-ICHET Managing Director Dr. Mustafa Hatipoglu. 4. UNIDO Director General Kandeh Yumkella.
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H2
Ecocaravan
A new all-in-one low emission lifestyle
The Ecocaravan is a RV type vehicle, a self-sustained living space complete
with all the modern facilities. Fitted with a small wind turbine and an array of
photovoltaic cells, it is able to produce its own electricity from wind and solar
energy or, in absence thereof, from the stored hydrogen obtained through
electrolysis during excess electricity production. Its mobility, reactivity and
exibility are its distinctive hallmark: an autonomous self propelled living unit
suitable for operation in remote areas or in emergency relief conditions. In
October and November 2010, the Ekokaravan completed a promotional
tour throughout 10 cities in Turkey in order to demonstrate its pollution-free,
renewable energy based lifestyle. The Ekokaravan has since then been presented
in major fairs in Istanbul and made a special appearance in Abu Dhabis World
Future Energy Summit in January 2011 after a 10 days road trip through Syria,
Jordan, Saudi Arabia and United Arab Emirates.
Average daily energy production:12 kWh. Photovoltaic array: 1,7 kW. Wind turbi ne: 1 kW. Fuel cell: 1,2 kW.
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Greater power, extended run time
The fuel cell forklift project intends to demonstrate a proposed conversion
of forklift powering technology, from conventional lead-acid batteries to
environmentally friendly hydrogen proton exchange membrane (PEM) fuel
cell. Tests have demonstrated both improved overall performance and an
extended run time between lls, which together signicantly increase the
forklifts productivity, thus proving that the same service can be operated in a
more efcient way through the use of inovative technology allowing a drastically
reduced carbon footprint. Taking this concept a stage further, in 2010 ICHET
started a collaboration with the EU SHEL project to build a eet of forklifts and
operate them in locations throughout Europe. With the completion of the project,
the real economic benets accruing from fuel cell systems will become more
tangible
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H2
Ecolift
Lifting capacity: 1500 kg. Electrical motor voltage: 48 Volts (2x4 KW engine). Maximum current output: 800 A.Hydrogen fuel storage capacity: 1.6 kg (at 15C, 350 bar).
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Renewable house
Home integrated self-sufficiency
The renewable mobile house is a standard size container turned into a self-
sustained living space complete with all the modern facilities. The purpose
of this educational platform is to raise public awareness on the potential of
renewable energies for the powering of off-grid stations. Fitted with a small wind
turbine and an array of photovoltaic cells, it is able to produce its own electricity
from wind and solar energy or, in absence thereof, from the stored hydrogen
obtained through electrolysis during excess electricity production. It is the perfect
prototype of autonomous living units suitable for operation in remote areas or in
emergency relief conditions.
Daily energy production in December 2009: 4400Wh. Energy sources: a 800W array of photovoltaic panelsand a 1kW Wind Turbine. Fuel cell power: 2kW. Electrolyzer power: 0.6kW.
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Hydrogen ships
Sailing away from fossil fuel pollution
ICHET supports the implementation of hydrogen fuel cell water transport
solutions aiming to reduce polluting emissions into the seas, lakes and rivers.
With not less than seven different projects being worked on, Istanbuls Golden
Horn has become the experimental eld of this endeavour. The agship of this
effort is is a 50 passengers vessel designed together with Istanbul Municipality.
ICHET is also supporting universities in the design of similar - yet smaller sized -
passenger ships.
Istanbul Municipalitys Passenger ship: 48 kW fuel cell stack; 20 kg of hydrogen fuel.University projects: 8kW fuel cell stacks, size up to 7x3 m. Participating universities: Middle East Technical University;Istanbul Technical University; Yildiz Technical University; Sakarya University; Dokuz Eylul University; Halic University. 15
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H2
Ecocart
Instant mobility at the flick of a switch
Passenger carts, commonly used in airports and public sites to facilitate the
movement of elderly and disabled people, are generally powered by battery
packs, which feature a long recharging time. Designed in collaboration with
the Electrical Engineering Department of Yildiz Technical University, the H2
Ecocart prototype demonstrates that hydrogen fuel cells can be advantageously
integrated into such vehicles. It is hoped to encourage the development of the
eco-mobility vehicle concept.
2.6 kW (3.5 hp) DC e lectrical motor. 2 kW PEM fuel cell unit. 6 metal hydride canisters (600 x 6 standard litres).1.5 kW gel battery (start-up power). 360 watt mono crystal PV array for start-up batteries charging.Seating capacity: 4 persons. Autonomy: 2 hours. Max. speed 25 km/h. 17
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Hybrid bus
En route for carbon free public transports
ICHET is participating to the design and dev elopment ot Turkeys rst hybrid
bus running on hydrogen. This bus will be operated on an already existing route
crossing the Golden Horn and driving along historical sites on the Western part of
Istanbul. This prototype aims at demonstrating not only the potential of bringing
down emissions under city trafc conditions but also the possibility of actually
saving fuel by increasing efciency thanks to its series hybrid energy system
conguration. A hydrogen refuelling station aimed at servicing the bus as well as
the fuel cell ships is to be built on the shore of the Golden Horn.
Bus Type: Low Floor Serial Hybrid City Bus. Engine Type: Hydrogen Fuelled Internal Combustion Engine (HICE).
Power of the HICE: 90kW. Bus lenght: 12m.19
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Refuelling station
Hydrogen refuelling by the Golden Horn
A hydrogen lling station located on the Golden Horn banks is being developed in
partnership with Istanbul Greater City Municipality. The location of the lling station
is specically chosen in order to supply both buses and ships in a single location. It
will be a instrumental in supporting Turkeys automotive sectors endeavour for the
development of clean energy vehicles by providing them real life test opportunities
for hydrogen powered vehicles. The Golden Horn hydrogen lling station will be the
rst hydrogen lling station in Turkey, and a world premiere as a hydrogen facility
supplying both sea and land transportation vehicles.
Fuelling station comprises of: a 30 Nm3/h electrolyzer, a hydrogen compressor, hydrogen storage tanks (100 kg at 400 bar)
and a hydogen dispenser (dispensing at 220&350 bar with 2-5 kg/h capacity). Total hydrogen gas dispensing capacity:
up to 65 kg per day. 21
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Hydrogen Islands
Test cases on isolated communities
With their pristine environment, island communities are ideal locations for early
applications of hydrogen energy technologies. Their abundance in renewable
energy sources, their enhanced visibility and the high energy costs related to
their remoteness from the mainland grid make a perfect framework for test-case
demonstration. On the Bozcaada island (Turkey), ICHET is currently implementing
a hydrogen energy facility utilizing renewable energies. It is involved in similar
project on the Cook Islands, for which it garnered support from the Global
Environment Facility (GEF). In a more general frame, ICHET is supporting the
Hydrogen Island concept through networking activities in the context of projects
or international associations like the IEA Hydrogen Implementing Agreement.
Bozcaada: 30kW wind turbine, 20kW PV panels, 25 kW electrolyser, 15 kW fuel cells.
Cook Islands: 72kW PV panels, 174kW of wind turbines, 100 kW electrolyser, 15kW fuel cells, mini bus, hydrogen boat. 23
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H2
backup systems
Uninterruptible power in public places
While uninterruptible power systems have typically relied on diesel generators or
batteries for backup energy storage, recent advances in fuel cell technologies
have provided an environmentally friendly power backup solution based on
hydrogen fuel. ICHET has implemented such systems outside the Yenikap pier
ofces of Istanbul Sea Bus company (IDO), thus allowing the demonstration of
this technology to millions of commuters every year. ICHET is also project partner
of the FITUP project. Elaborated in the frame of the European commission Fuel
Cells and Hydrogen Joint Undertaking, this project aims at installing by end of
2013 a total of 19 fuel cell systems as UPS/backup power sources in selected
sites across Europe.
Fuel cell type: proton exchange membrane (PEM). Fuel Cell Power: 5 kW DC. Six hydrogen storage tanks at a 175 Bar,each has 0.7 Kg H
2. Hydrogen consumption at 5kW: 75 slpm. Operating conditions: outdoor rated. Rated output power is
3500 W at 220 V 50Hz. Operating temperature: from -40C to 50C. 25
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H2
three-wheelers
Hydrogen energy for everyday transport
This project aims at introducing hydrogen as the most environmenta lly friendly
gaseous fuel, opening the way to drastic reduction of the levels of air pollutants in
urban areas. A eet of 15 three-wheeled vehicles propelled by hydrogen internal
combustion engines has been designed by ICHET in collaboration with Mahindra
& Mahindra, one of the main producer of this common and affordable public
transport in India. Along with its refuelling facility, it to be implemented in New
Delhis Pragati Maidan exhibition site and to start operation by the end of 2011.
Engine type: 395 CC, 4-stroke. Max. power: 4.8kW at 3600 rpm. Gross vehicle weight: 850 kg. Fuel consumption: 95 km /kg.Fuel storage: carbon ber composite hydrogen cylinders. Working pressure: 200 bar. H2 capacity: 0.6 kg.
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Partnerships
Join the hydrogen energy drive!
In 2009, the International Centre for Hydrogen Energy Technologies has become,through UNIDO, a full member of the Hydrogen Implementing Agreement of the
International Energy Agency. It is the rst UN body to integrate the IEA. ICHET is
also engaged on the European scene through its participation to the European
Commission N.ERGHY initiative and involvement with the Joint Research Centre.
ICHET is supported by the Global Environment Facilities fund (GEF) and, through
its demonstration projects and training activities, has linked with numerous
corporate and academic partners.
Thanks to the support of the Turkish State, ICHET has thus successfully
launched a number of projects and initiatives in and outside of Turkey during the
rst phase of its existence. It is now seeking additional support or partnership
from other governments or institutions in order to extend its network, broaden
the geographic scope of its activities and strengthen its position as a global
contributor to the eld of hydrogen energy technologies.
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www.unido-ichet.org