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Immune System
Discoveries
By: Antonia Lizarralde
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Table of Contents
Ch 1. Your Bodie's Helpers
Ch 2. Amazing Parts That Help Your Immine System
Function!
Ch 3. Process of the Immune System.
Ch 4. How Do You Keep The Immune System Healthy?
Ch 5. Malfunctions That Can Affect The Immune System.
Ch 6. Did You Know?
Ch 7. Activity
Ch 8. Glossary and Bibliography
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Your Body Helpers
The immune system is made of anetwork of tissues, cells and organs
that work together to protect your
body. Immune means your body is
protected. In this case, the immune
system helps fight off sickness, virusesand diseases in your body.
You have lymph nodes (also called glands) in your body that contain immune
system cells, white blood cells and leukocytes. Lymph nodes are connected withothers, and they take white blood cells wherever needed.
Usually white blood cells are floating in your body but, when bacteria
enters, white blood cells start to work.
First b-cell divides into plasma cell and also into lymphocytes. They both have
different jobs that help the immune system function.
White blood cells killing bacteria
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Almost always your immune system can get rid of sickness on their
own. But, sometimes they need help from doctors. They need medicine.
Some ways you know your immune system is working is when: You
get better after you are sick, when the disease doesnt come up over andover again, also when you get swollen lymph nodes. You can tell you have
swollen lymph nodes when you have a swollen throat.
Immunesystem: the collection ofcells in the body that work
together to fight disease.
Lymph nodes: has white blood
cells in it and carries them
wherever needed. Also filtersblood and takes out bacteria
White blood cells: a body cell
that moves throw tissues and it is
a important part of body
defenses .
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Amazing Parts ofthe Immune System
Do you know some of the
basic parts of the immune
system? I will tell you many
parts that help your immunesystem function.
Some parts that are
really important are the
lymph nodes. Lymph nodes
have white blood cells in it.They carry them wherever
needed. Another job is lymph
nodes have to filter blood
and take out bacteria.
A way doctors know you
are sick is when they touch your
lymph nodes and they are
swollen, this means your lymphnodes are working and taking
out sickness.
You can find lymph nodes
in your throat, armpits and
behind our knees.
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Some other really important
cells are white blood cells.They are
in your blood and as I just told you
they are also in your lymph nodes.There are different kinds of white
blood cells in your body with
different jobs.
There are two basic types of
immune system cells (White bloodcells.) They are phagocytes and
lymphocytes. Phagocytes eliminate
previous invaders. Lymphocytes
remember previous invaders. There
are also b-cells, t-cells and p-cells. Iwill tell you lots about them in the
next chapter.
White blood cells
phagocytes : cells thateliminate previous invaders.
lymphocytes : Cells that
remember previous invaders.
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Process of the Immune System
Your immune system is always working, it works even more when youhave bacteria inside your body. In this chapter you will learn the process
that happens when your body is fighting off germs.
Bacteria
in yourbody
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First, B-cells are the ones that
find the bacteria that it can kill. It
waits until T-cells arrive, so that
T-cells activate B-cells.
B cell divides in two
phagocytes and
lymphocytes.
Phagocytes produce chemicals
called antibodies that attack
and kill the invader.
Last but not least, are lymphocytes. They remember
previous invaders, so it is much easier to kill the
next time it comes. When the same germs are
spotted again lymphocytes sends the antibodies to
kill it.
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You can find these cells in your spleen and in your bonemarrow.
Your spleen is an organ in
your belly, that filters blood
and fights infections. Yourbone marrow is a part in
your bone that has a thick,
spongy jelly.
Now you know the process of the immune system.
B- cell: : a white blood
cell that circulates throughthe body searching for
bacteria that it can kill.
T- cell: : A white blood
cell that helps activates B-
cell.Antibodies: molecule that
attacks and kills bacteria
produced by plasma cells.
Spleen:organ in belly that
filters blood and fights
infections.
Bonemarrow:it is a thick
spongy jelly inside bones.
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How Do You Keep YourImmune System Healthy?
Do you want know some ways you can keep your immune system healthy? There
are four ways that can help keep your immune system healthy.
The first one is, doing a lot of exercise. If you stay all day sitting down in a
chair is really bad for your immune system. You should do at least 30 minutes ofexercise every day. If you dont exercise, it makes it a lot easier for you to get
colds, viruses and infections.
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The second suggestion I can give you, is try not to be overweight.
Being overweight can cause diabetes and heart diseases. Fat cells can also
affect the immune system.
Also, eating a lot of food, with lots of sugar is really bad. If you eat
a lot of sugar, it makes it really hard for the immune system to
destroy bacteria.
These are fat cells
Eating lots of sugar
is bad for you and
your body.
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Constant stress is also really bad for your body. Stress can cause many
sorts of damage in the immune system. It can cause illness, colds,
diseases and discomforts.
There are some tips you learned about keeping your immune system healthy.
Stress is really bad
for your body.
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Malfunctions That Can Affect TheImmune System
I will tell you two malfunctions that can affect the immune system.
One way is diabetes and another is illegal drugs.
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Diabetes
A example that can cause diabetes is
when germs are spotted really fast bydefending cells. Sometimes cells kill
friendly bacteria that do good things for
your body, like acids that helps you break
down food in your digestive system.
Another way your body can cause
diabetes is eating lots of sugar. You can
get really fat and that can lead you to
diabetes. Also fat cells as I already told
you are really bad for the immunesystem. It can make it really hard for it to
function properly.
This can cause diabetes!!!
Friendly bacteria
Diabetes : a
condition in which
your body does not
properly control the
body use and
storage of sugar.
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Illegal drugs
The second malfunction are drugs. Drugs are not bacteria. They are
chemicals and white blood cells cannot kill drugs. Drugs can damage many parts
and cells in your body.
Drugs can kill you!!!
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Did you know..........?
Did you know that saliva and
tears have special enzymes
(chemicals) in them. They
break down many bacteriaand viruses
Also mucus in your
nose, throat and
lungs trap bacteria.
Did you know that your body
has friendly bacteria? They
help break down food in the
digestive system. Your bodyrecognizes if it is good or bad
bacteria.
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Conclusion
So now you really know some of the basic and fun facts of the
immune system. This system is really important, did you know that if
you didn't have a immune system you would probably get sick every
day? This makes me think if maybe the immune system takes out
sickness before you even knew you had it?
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Activity
Bacteria
SugarExercise
Friendly bacteria
Bone marrow
and spleen
Match the picture with the matching word.
Fat cells
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GlossaryAntibodies: molecule that attacks and kills bacteria produced by plasma cells.
Bone Marrow: it is a thick spongy jelly inside bones.B-cell: : a white blood cell that circulates through the body searching for bacteria
that it can kill.
Diabetes : a condition in which your body does not properly control the body use
and storage of sugar.
Immunesystem : the collection of cells in the body that work together to fight
disease.Lymph nodes : has white blood cells in it and carries them wherever needed. Also
filters blood and takes out bacteria.
Lymphocytes : Cells that remember previous invaders.
Phagocytes : cells that eliminate previous invaders.
Plasma cells : a cell that produces antibodies.Spleen: organ in belly that filters blood and fights infections.
T-cell: A white blood cell that helps activates B-cell.
White blood cells: a body cell that moves throw tissues and it is a important part of
body defenses
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Bibliography
www.kidshealth.org
www.webmd.com
Body Battles
http://www.google.com/url?q=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.webmd.com%2F&sa=D&sntz=1&usg=AFQjCNG1JdGt05qwKp5wz5i55PvOjB-2NAhttp://www.google.com/url?q=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.kidshealth.org%2F&sa=D&sntz=1&usg=AFQjCNHjpQHeD34xeCh-w8_KW2vkuyTXjg7/30/2019 Immune System Discoveries
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Please review my book.
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