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Important Peace
Treaties from European
History.
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The Peace ofAugsburg 1555.
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This peace established that the rulers
religion sets the religion for that area. It also made clear that any ruler who converted
to Lutheranism was not allowed to then make
his region Lutheran.
This was a great victory for Protestants! It
was official recognition of the newly arrivedLutheran church
But, it would make German more
fragmented.
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What was the Peace Treaty thatended the Thirty Years War?
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Treaty of Westphalia,1648.
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Continued terms of Augsburg (1555) but with
Calvinism added to Lutheranism as officially
accepted religions.
The extensiveHoly Roman Empire was dissolved
the Dutch and Swiss were now separate, Lorraine
went to France, territory went to Sweden. The
mouth of the Rhine was now controlled by Dutch.
The Treaty maintained independence and
Sovereignty of 300 separate German States.
Germany wasfragmentedand wreckedby the war.
This was the last great warover religious issues.
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What was the Peace treaty
between the Austrian Empire
and Ottoman Empire?
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Treaty of Karlowitz, 1699
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This treaty helps to end the Turkish
invasions of Eastern Europe
Last great incursion was during the
Siege of Vienna 1683. Vienna is
rescued by Eugene of Savoy and JanSobeiski of Poland.
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Name the Treaty that ended
the War of Spanish
Succession--
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Treaty of Utrecht, 1713
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The Victors arethose who allied
against Louis XIVs armies.
Spains dominions are broken up and dispersed:
Gibraltar and Minorca (island) goes to British.
Sardinia goes from Spain to Italy (Piedmont) The Spanish Netherlands (todays Belgium) goes to
the Austrian Netherlands.
Spain does retain South America. In Canada, Newfoundland and Nova Scotia go to
Britain.
British greatest winners at the treaty.
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How about the Treaty that
ended the Seven Years
War?
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Treaty of Paris 1763.
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French give to British all territory
East of the MississippiCanada is
now controlled entirely by British
Prussia gets to keep Silesia
Prussia emerges as a strong
German State.
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And what about the Treaty
that ended the AmericanRevolutionary War?
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Treaty of Paris,
1783
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Britain also signed separate agreements with France,Spain, and the Netherlands which had been negotiated
earlier.
The colonies ofEast and West Florida were ceded toSpain, and Spain also reclaimed the island ofMinorca,
while the Bahamas Islands and St. Kitts were returned
to Britain.The treaty with France largely reinforced earlier
treaties, guaranteeing fishing rights offNewfoundland.
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And can you name the six
month Peace talks that endedthe Napoleonic Wars?
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Congress of Vienna, 1815
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British retain possessions and make significant
gains in India.
Holland and Belgium united into Netherlandsto form barrier against France
Prussia takes left side of Rhine river to stop
France aggression.
Bourbons restored to thrones of France and
Spain.
German nationalism was ignored.
New Poland is created under Alexander of
Russia.
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This Treaty got Russia outof World War I.
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Treaty of Brest-Litovsk, December 3, 1917.
L i i P L d d B d d
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Lenin promises Peace, Land and Bread and
wants to end the War to consolidate Bolshevik
power. Russia gives up Poland, Ukraine, Finland and
the Baltic Provinces.
Lenin believes that Germany will eventuallybe defeated and they will get some of the land
back.
With this peace agreement, Germany sends its
soldiers to the Western Front to continue
fighting against the Americans who arrived in
M 1 17
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Famous Treaty held after World
War I
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Treaty of Versailles,1919
Wilsons fourteen points seen as idealistic
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Wilson s fourteen points seen as idealistic
Alsace Lorraine returned to France.
Germany cannot have troops in Rhineland
Germany loses all its colonies in Africa andIndonesia.
War damages to be paid to France and Belgium.Germany forced to give up fleet, merchant marine
ships, make coal deliveries, and give up all propertyowned by German citizens abroad.
Germany must sign a war guilt clause acceptingresponsibility for the war.
New independent staes of Finland, Estonia, Latvia,Lithuania, Poland Czechoslovakia, and Yugoslavia.
A cordon sanitaireis created to buffer Europe fromthe newly communist Russia.
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Can you name the
Peace Talks at the endof World War II?
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Potsdam, July 1945
German di ided into ones of
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Germany divided into zones ofoccupation by British, French, Americans
and Russia Germany disarmed and de-militarized.
De-nazification process and war trials to
be held Reparations from Germany to all zones,
but additional reparations to be given toRussia from the three Western Zones.
Cold War begins.
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European integrationis at present based
on four founding treaties:
The Treaty of Paris, establishing the
European Coal and Steel Community, which
was signed on 18 April 1951, entered intoforce on 23 July1952 .
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The Treaty establishing theEuropean Atomic EnergyCommunity (Euratom)
Al th T t t bli hi th
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Also, the Treaty establishing theEuropean Economic Community
(EEC), which was signed - alongwith the Euratom Treaty - in Rome
on 25 March1957, and entered intoforce on 1 January1958.
These two Treaties are oftenreferred to as the "Treaties of
Rome. The Treaty on European
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The Treaty on European
Union, signed in Maastricht
on 7 February1992, enteredinto force on 1 November1993. It changed the name of
the European EconomicCommunity to simply "theEuropean Community
This is the Treaty that set thegoal of a common currency.
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