Top of the Mornin! 3/17/15EQ: How did Latin America gain their Independence?HW: NoneNone
SPONGE #1. Update TOC and glue handout on to page 71
#2. What does Independence mean to you? Quietly discuss with a person sitting next to you.
DateDate ## Title Title
3-17 71 LA Independence Leaders
3-17 72 LA Liberator Action Figure Project
Directions- PIG OUT Notes1. Pair- Individual- Group (no more than 3)2. Get BYOT/iPad- Go to mspardee.weebly.com
(link on edmodo) OR use coachbook pgs 99-1023. Complete your graphic organizer using
technology4. You will have 12 minutes and then we will go
over it as a class*If you finish early,
come get your project from the Blue tray on mydesk.
• Spain is building an empire- Native Americans are the lowest class
• Native Americans begin to die because of European diseases
• Introduction of Slavery• New ethnicities- Mestizo, Mulatto, Criollo• More money from Triangle Trade = more slaves• Slaves are unhappy= more rebellions
• former slave in Haitiformer slave in Haiti; freed in 1777
• Plantation owner allowed him to learn
how to read and write
• Read books about freedom and equality
for all
• 1789- French revolution occurs, and
they free all blacks and mulattoes
• This made plantation owners MAD- so
France took it back• 1791: led a huge slave revolt huge slave revolt against
the French French in Hispanola
• 1793- French government abolishes slavery
• 1801: L’Ouverture led a huge army into a Spanish colony &
freed all slaves freed all slaves there
• Six months later, he became “governor general of Haiti for life.”
• 1802: Napoleon sends Large French army lands in Haiti wanted to restore old French government & regain control of sugar trade
• L’Ouverture was asked to attend a peace treaty in France
• French tricked and arrested L’Ouverture and sent him to prison prison
in Francein France
• L’Ouverture died in prisondied in prison
• L’Ouverture’s army was outraged; it took up arms again against France.• November 1803: defeated last of the French forces
• 1804: declared Haiti independent of French rule• HaitiHaiti became the 1st country in Latin America 1st country in Latin America
to break free free of European imperialism.
• wealthy Venezuelan criollo criollo who spent many years traveling Europe
• While in Italy, he discovered his life’s purpose: to liberate his homeland from European control.• 1810: Bolivar’s army kicks Spanish kicks Spanish governor out of VenezuelaVenezuela• 1811: new constitution proclaimed Venezuela’s independent of Spanish rule
• Soon after, Spanish royalists defeated the new country’s army & Bolivar was forced to flee to New Granada (Colombia).
• Bolivar organized a bigger army bigger army & marched back into Venezuela.• 1813: Bolivar’s army won & took control won & took control
of Venezuela’s capital, Caracas•Bolivar was nicknamed El Libertador.El Libertador.
• Over the next few years, Bolivar liberated New Granada (now Colombia), New Granada (now Colombia), Ecuador, Panama, Peru, & Upper Peru Ecuador, Panama, Peru, & Upper Peru (now Bolivia).(now Bolivia).
• Catholic priest Catholic priest in the town of Dolores• began the struggle for Mexico’s Mexico’s
independence in 1810• September 16th, 1810September 16th, 1810: “Cry of Cry of
DoloresDolores” was his call for revolution; rang church bells and shouted, “Long live our Lady of Guadalupe! Death to bad government! Death to the Spaniards!”
• an army of mestizos & Native mestizos & Native Americans rallied behind HidalgoAmericans rallied behind Hidalgo
• 80,000 people joined the fight, but the army was soon defeated by the SpanishSpanish.• Hidalgo was captured and executed in 1811Hidalgo was captured and executed in 1811
• Mexicans continued to fight for independence over the next decade.
• 1821: Mexico gained independence 1821: Mexico gained independence from Spain.from Spain.
• Mexico celebrates September 16th as it’s Independence Day.• The president rings a bell in Mexico city and repeats Hidalgo’s “Cry of Dolores.”