PROCEEDINGS OF THE 7TH INTERNATIONAL SYMPOSIUM ONWATER-ROCK
INTERACTION - WRI-7 / PARK CITY /UTAH / USA /13-18 JULY 1992
Water-Rock
InteractionEdited by
YOUSIF K.KHARAKA &ANN S.MAEST
U.S. Geological Survey, Menlo Park, California, USA
VOLUME 1
LOWTEMPERATURE ENVIRONMENTS
I IIHSVL I iTihEK
A.A. BALKEMA / ROTTERDAM / BROOKFIELD /1992
Water-Rock Interaction, Kharaka & Maes/(eds)@ 1992 Balkema, Rotterdam. ISBN 905410 0753
Table of contents
Keynote lectures
Kinetics of dissolution and precipitation: Experimental and field results 3S.L.Brantley
The changing face of mineral-fluid interface chemistry 7Michael F.Hochella, Jr
The hydrolysis of aluminum: Conflicting models and the interpretation of aluminum 13
geochemistryHowardMay
Geochemical modeling of water-rock interaction: Past, present, future 23
L.Niel Plummer
Atmospheric C02 over Phanerozoic time 35
RobertA.Berner
Mineral-fluid interface geochemistry
Adsorption and cation exchange
The search for a geochemical indicator of lead and zinc sorption in a sand and gravel aquifer, 41
Falmouth, Massachusetts, USAJACoston, C.C.Fuller & J.A.Davis
Buffering ofpH-changes by an aquifer sediment during miscible displacement of 45
Na-Ca-Mg-Cl-C02 solutions
Jasper Griffioen
Metal-ligand-surface interactions during sorption of uranyl and neptunyl on oxides and 51
silicates
M.Kohler, E.Wieland &J.0. Leckie
Competitive adsorption: The effect of carbonate alkalinity on the adsorption of lead, thorium 55
and plutonium by goethite (aFeOOH)James W.Murray & BarbaraR.Coughlin
XI
Use of batch equilibration data in the retardation equation 59
Hannah F.Pavlik, FredG.Baker & Donald D.Runnells
Development and validation ofa multi-site model for adsorption ofmetals by mixtures of 63
minerals: 1 Overview and preliminary results
M.D.Siegel, V.S.Tripathi,M.G.Rao & D.RWard
Multisite proton adsorption at the feldspar-water interface 69
L.L.Sfillings, S.L.Brantley & M.LMachesky
Modeling ion exchange in clinoptilolite using the EQ3 /6 geochemical modeling code 73
B.E.Viani& CJ.Bruton
Kinetics ofgeochemical reactions
Solution compositional effects on the dissolution kinetics of borosilicate glass 81
W.LBourcier, H.C.Weed, S.N.Nguyen, J.K.Nielsen, L.Morgan, LNewton & K.G.Knauss
Surface complexation and mineral growth: Sepiolite 85
P.V.Brady
Mechanisms controlling NdOHC03-CaC03 solid solution formation 89
SusanACarroll
Dissolution and precipitation kinetics ofkaolinite as a function of chemical affinity 93
(T=150°C,pH = 2and7.8)
J.L.Devidal, J.L.Dandurand & J.Schott
Dissolution of nepheline in an open system 97
D.Klammer
Theoretical approach and modelling of the dissolution and precipitation of minerals under 101
kinetic control
B.Made&B. Fritz
Dissolution rate and solubility of analcime at 25°C 107
WilliamM. Murphy, Roberto T.Pabalan, James D. Prikryl & Christopher J.Goulet
Precipitation kinetics ofcalcite at elevated temperatures 111
Ryoji Shiraki & Susan L.Brantley
Mineral dissolution rates: A comparison of laboratory and field studies 115
N.G.Swoboda-Colberg & J.l.Drever
Rates ofdolomite dissolution in C02 and HC1 bearing solutions from 100-200°C 119
SJ.Talman & W.D.Gunter
The dissolution kinetics of biotite in dilute HN03 at 24°C 123
LTrotignon & M.-P.Turpault
Dissolution of feldspars in oxalic acid solutions 127
Susan AWelch & William J.JJllman
XII
Recent advances in techniques andmethodologyDetermination of clay particle thicknesses and morphology using Scanning Force 133
MicroscopyAlex E.Blum & DennisD.Eberl
Speciation of uranium(VI) sorption complexes on montmorillonite 137
C.J.Chisholm-Brause.D.E.Morris& R.E.Richard
In situ investigation of near-equilibrium calcite precipitation by atomic force microscopy 141
Patricia M.Dove, MichaelF.Hochella, Jr & RichardJ.Reeder
Characterization of olivine-water interface using 'H(I5N, ay) 12C resonant nuclear reaction 145
K.Fujimoto, K.Fukutani, M.Tsunoda, H.Yamashita & K.Kobayashi
Using atomic force microscopy to study the structure, topography and dissolution of albite 149
surfaces
R.Hellmann, B.Drake & KKjoller
Local environment of aluminium in amorphous alumino-silicates by using XANES and MAS 153
NMR
P.Ildefonse, G. Calas, R. J. Kirkpatrick, B. Montez, A. M. Flank & P. Lagarde
Direct observation ofmuscovite basal-plane dissolution and secondary phase formation: 159
An XPS, LEED, and SFM studyPatricia AJohnsson, AlexE.Blum, Michael F.Hochella, Jr, George A.Parks
& Garrison Sposito
Manganese oxidation at mineral-water interfaces, a spectroscopic approach 163
Jodi L.Junta, MichaelF.Hochella, Jr, David W.Harris & Michael Edgell
A quantitative Rietveld and Mossbauer analysis of aluminium deposits: Example from 167
Guinea
G.Morin, P.Ildefonse, D.Bonnin & G.Bouzat
Geochemical modeling
Solution chemistry and thermodynamics
Modeling non-ideal solid-solution aqueous-solution reactions in mass-transfer computer 175
codes
Pierre D.Glynn & DavidLParkhurst
Solubility of siderite (FeC03) in concentrated NaCl and Na2S04 solutions at 25°C 181
C.J.Ptacek & EJ.Reardon
Experimental studies of aluminum solubility and speciation in brines 185
D.J.Wesolowski & D.A.Palmer
The importance of hard core repulsion in models ofactivity coefficients in aqueous 189
electrolyte solutions: Illustration in the case ofhydration theory
T.J.Wolery & K.J.Jackson
XIII
Solubility ofcalcite in mixed aqueous solutions ofNaCl and KC1 at 25°C and C02 partial 195
pressures of about 1 kPa
Manfred Wolf& Harold Rohde
Solute transport
PHREEQM: PHREEQE in a mixing cell flowtube 201
CAJ.Appelo, P.R.Nienhuis & A.Willemsen
Hydrochemical modeling of a seawater diffusion profile, Lake Yssel, The Netherlands 205
CAJ.Appelo & H.E.Beekman
37C1-35C1 transport modeling in accumulating sediments of a former brackish lagoonal 209
environment
H.E.Beekman,H.G.M.Eggenkamp, CAJ.Appelo & R.Kreulen
A new approach to geochemical model! ing with an integrated simulatorgeneration system 213
R.Fabriol & I.Czernichowski-Lauriol
Coupling the spatial distribution of solute concentration and stable isotope enrichments to 217
hydrologic processes in hypersaline paleochannel aquifersJ.VTurner, LR.Townley, M.R.Rosen & M.K.Sklash
Effect of hysteresis and mobile-immobile water on solute transport in heterogeneous porous 223
media
H.Vereecken, G. Lindenmayr & J.Diels
General applications
Interpretation of water-rock interactions in cases of mixing and undersaturation 233
E.Mazor
Speciate; A spreadsheet-based speciation program for aqueous radionuclides 237
H.Wayne Nesbitt, D.Kettlewell & JJ.Cramer
NETPATH: An interactive code for interpreting NET geochemical reactions from chemical 239
and isotopic data along a flow PATH
L.NielPlummer, Eric C.Prestemon & DavidLParkhurst
Geochemical modeling of granitic ground waters at the Stripa site (Sweden) using a mass 243
balance approachN.Waber & D.KNordstrom
Geochemical evolution of groundwater in a limestone aquifer 247
CarolM.Wicks& JanetS.Herman
XIV
Organic geochemistry
Processes involving organics and microbes
Mineral transformations during bacterial leaching ofa complex sulfide ore 253
basse Ahonen & OlliH.Tuovinen
Authigenic mineral formation in aquifers rich in organic material 257
Mary Jo Baedecker, Isabelle M.Cozzarelli, John R.Evans & Paul P.Hearn
Particles in Yellowstone fluid inclusions resemble bacteria 263
K.E.Bargar
Microbial mediation of silicate diagenesis in organic-rich natural waters 267P.C.Bennett & FK.Hiebert
Hydrocarbon geochemistry in coral reefpore waters, French Polynesia 271loanna Bouloubassi, Alain Saliot, Francis Rougerie & Jean Trichet
Oxidation ofhydrocarbons coupled to reduction of inorganic species in groundwater 275
Isabelle M.Cozzarelli & Mary Jo Baedecker
Manner ofaccumulation oflead by the green alga Chlorella vulgaris 279
ZGolab,R.W.Smith & ZJang
Diffusion controlled desorption oforganic contaminants in various soils and rocks 283
Peter Grathwohl
Microbial production ofcarbon dioxide in the unsaturated zone ofa meso scale model 287
MJ.Hendry, J.R.Lawrence, R.Kirkland & B.N.Zanyk
Modeling rates ofmineral dissolution influenced by biodegradation 291
Walton R.Kelly & Janet S.Herman
Evidence for denitrification at a uranium-mill tailings site, Maybell, Colorado, USA 295
P.Longmire & B.M.Thomson
The pyritisation of soft-bodied fossils 301
R.Raiswell
Organic-inorganic interactions
Acetate in hydrothermal solutions: Decomposition kinetics and metal complexation 307
J.LS.Bell, DAPalmer & H.LBarnes
Evidence for oil-derived organic acids in reservoirs 311
James R.Boies
An experimental study of the dissolution of albite in the presence of organic acids 315
Kristin Gestsdottir & David A.C.Manning
Experimental methods used to study metal-organic complexes 319
Thomas H.Giordano
xv
Experimental feldspar dissolution in acetic and oxalic acids at 100°C, 345 bars 325
AHajash, S.P.Franklin & C.LReed
Petroleum as a potential diagenetic agent: Experimental evidence 329
P.D.Lundegard, Y.KKharaka & RJ.Rosenbauer
The reaction between amorphous silica and calcium carbonate at temperatures from 300 337
to700°C
William M.Sackett & KitackLee
Clay precipitation from oxalate-bearing solutions 345
J. S. Small
Oxalate complexation with aluminum(III) and iron(III) at moderately elevated temperatures 349
C.Drew Tait, DavidRJanecky, DavidL.Clark & Philip C.Bennett
Experimental study of the stability of the Al-oxalate complexation at 100°C and calculations 353
ofthe effects ofcomplexation on clastic diagenesisGeoffrey D.Thyne, Wendy J.Harrison & M.Danelle Alloway
Natural hazards and environmental contamination
Integrating seismic, resistivity, and ground penetrating radar data to delineate the water table 361
and groundwater contamination
AlvinK.Benson
Metal contamination ofstream waters from former mining activity 367
R.Caboi, R.Cidu,A.Cristini, L.Fanfani, R. Massoli Novelli & P.Zuddas
Selecting proper sites for the automatic monitoring of geochemical premonitory events 371
of earthquakes: Case histories from ItalyMario Dall'Aglio, Fedora Quattrocchi, Alberto Bencini, Vittorio Duchi & Mauro Brondi
Propagation ofhyperalkaline cement pore waters into the geologic barrier surrounding 377
a radioactive waste repositoryJ.Eikenberg & P.CLichtner
Geochemical classification of mine drainages and natural drainages in mineralized areas 381
W.H.Ficklin, G.S.Plumlee, KS.Smith & JB.McHugh
Geochemical modeling of the deep injection well disposal of acid wastes into a Permian 385
aquifer/aquitard system in Texas, USA
M.A.Gardiner & J.Myers
Groundwater acidification in the unsaturated zone of a sand deposit: Processes and modeling 389
BentKjcerHansen & Dieke Postma
Effect ofinstream pH modification on aluminum 393
BriantA.Kimball, Robert E.Broshears, Diane M.McKnight & Kenneth E.Bencala
Trace metal scavenging by precipitating Mn and Fe oxides 397
Carol J.Lind & Linda D.Anderson
XVI
Helium soil gas surveys related to volcanic hazard: Vulcano Island, North Sicily, Italy 403S.Lombardi
Application of a realistic geological database to safety assessment calculations: An exercise in 407
interdisciplinary communicationMartin Mazurek, PaulASmith & Andreas Gautschi
Acidification: Biogeochemical signature ofeconomic and political systems 413
Tomas Paces
Geological and geochemical controls on the composition ofmine drainages and natural 419
drainages in mineralized areas
Geoffrey S.Plumlee, Kathleen S.Smith, WalterH.Ficklin & Paul HBriggs
Reactions ofcement pore fluids with rock: Implications for the migration ofradionuclides 423
CARochelle, KBateman, AE.Milodowski, D.J.Noy, J. Pearce, D.Savage & C.R. Hughes
Research on pore solution chemistry and environmental significance 427
Zhaoli Shen & Minggao Tang
Impact ofthe 1988 forest fires on the chemistry of non-thermal ground water in Yellowstone 433
National Park, USA
MASiders, D.D.Runnells & D.R.Norton
Hydrothermal precursors to large Californiaearthquakes 437
PaulG.Silver & NathalieJ. Valette-Silver
Metal and arsenic partitioning between water and suspended sediment atmine-drainage sites 443
in diverse geologic settingsKathleen S.Smith, WalterH.Ficklin, Geoffrey S.Plumlee & AllenL.Meier
Influence of mafic minerals on water chemistry and water-column stability ofLake Nyos, 449
Cameroon
MicheleLTuttle, PaulHBriggs, William C.Evans, George W.Kling & John P.Lockwood
Retention processes of cadmium and zinc relevant in acid sandy soils affected bydiffuse 453
pollutionBJ.Wilkens&J.P.G.Loch
Preliminary assessment of clinoptilolite K/Ar results from Yucca Mountain, Nevada USA: 457
A potential high-level radioactive waste repository site
Giday WoldeGabriel, DavidE.Broxton, DavidL.Bish & Steve J.Chipera
Global processes
Volatile release rates from the Grimsvotn volcano, Iceland 465
AMAgustsddttir, S.LBrantley, M.T.Gudmundsson & H.Bjornsson
Influence of Saharian dust and marine spray on the chemical composition of rain in Sardinia, 469
ItalyR.Caboi, R.Cidu, ACristini, LFanfani & P.Zuddas
XVII
The quantitative role of plants in weathering 473
M.F.Cochran &RABerner
Local effects of volcanoes on the hydrosphere: Example from Hekla, southern Iceland 477
S.R.Gislason, AAndresddttir, A.E.Sveinbjdrnsdottir, N.Oskarsson, Th.Thordarson,
P.Torssander, M.Novdk & K.Zdk
Global continental erosion and fluctuations of atmospheric C02 consumed during the last 483
100 years
J.L.Probst, PhAmiotte-Suchet & Y.Tardy
Isotope and trace element record of relative sea level in Albian carbonates from the Congo 487
Atlantic margin
F.Walgenwitz,ALeDluz & H.Eichenseer
Oxidation-reduction reactions in surface and ground waters
Reduction of Cr(VI) under mildly reducing conditions in a sand and gravel aquifer 495
LCD.Anderson, DAKent & JADavis
Chromium redistribution within continental red beds: A function of pore-water chemistry 499
G.N.Breit, M.ECast & M.R.Stanton
Isolated reduction phenomena in red beds: A result ofporewater radiolysis? 503
BAHofinann
Redox geochemistry of arsenic and iron in Mono Lake, California, USA 507
AnnS.Maest, SofieP.Pasilis, Laurence G.Miller & D.KirkNordstrom
The hydrochemistry of arsenic in reservoir sediments, Milltown, Montana, USA 513
George Moncure, James I.Drever & Paul AJankowski
Dissolved gases in ground water as indicators of redox conditions 517
C.G.Patterson& D.D.Runnells
Review ofneutralizing reduction mineralization ofuranium 521
Shi Weijun, Zhou Wenbin & YuanXiaoqin
Trace metals at the oxic/anoxic-H2S boundary in Lake Vanda, Antarctica 527
J.G.Webster
Weathering processes and surface water environments
The 'simplest' watershed: An in-situ study of bedrock-atmospheric deposition reactions 533
James G.Acker & Owen P.Bricker
Ilmenites and ilmenites: A varietal study from the southwest coast ofIndia 537
D.S.Suresh Babu, P.N.Mohan Das & AD.Damodaran
Applications of cosmogenic nuclear methods for studying soil erosion and fonnation rates 541
EBarg, D.Lai, J.Southon, M.W.Caffee, R.C.Finkel, AJ.TJull & M.Pavich
xvm
Geochemistry ofwater and chemical weathering rates under a humid tropical climate 545
M.Benedetti, O.Menard & Y.Noack
Suspended and dissolved river inputs to the NW Pacific 549
VAChudaeva & O.V.Chudaev
Chemical hydrograph separation using field and experimental data with implications for 553
solute cycling in an alpine catchment
/.B. Finley & J. I. Drever
Complex Fe-Mn oxide coatings on boulders in a tropical river 557
AGann & C.LopezE.
Recharge and weathering processes in fractured rock aquifers in Northern Australia 561
Andrew LHerczeg & Timothy E. Payne
Flocculation of Cu, Zn, Ni and Fe during the mixing of Mulki River water and Arabian Sea 565
water, west coast ofIndia
R.Shankar & AR.Karbassi
Tracing watershed weathering reactions with 813C 569
Carol Kendall, MAlisa Mast &. Karen CRice
Effects of water-rock interaction on the porosity and composition ofrock studied by 573
impregnation with carbon-14-polymethylmethacrylateALindberg, K-H.Hellmuth, M.Siitari-Kauppi & J.Suksi
Sulfur isotope ratios in aroof-covered forested catchment, western Sweden 577
Carl-Magnus Morth & PeterTorssander
Consequence ofacid deposition on natural weathering processes: Field studies and modelling 581
AProbst, B.Fritz & P.Stille
PROFILE: A mechanistic geochemical model for calculation of field weathering rates 585
HSverdrup & P.Warfvinge
Controls on the distribution of stable isotopes of meteoric water and snow in the greater 591
Yellowstone National Park region, USA
James J.Thordsen, YousifKKharaka, RobertH.Mariner & LloydD.White
Mobility of trace elements during weathering of some Portuguese granitoids 597
Renata D.van der Weijden & Cornells H.van der Weijden
Weathering of PikesPeak Granite: Field, experimental, and modelling observations 599
RichardB.Wanty, Peter F.Folger, DavidFrishman, PaulHBriggs, Warren C.Day & Eileen
Poeter
Modeling regional soil mineralogy and weathering rates 603
P.Waifvinge & HSverdrup
A three million year weathering record for a soil chronosequence developed in granitic 607
alluvium, Merced, California, USA
Art F.White, Alex E.Blum, Thomas D.Bullen, Maria L. Peterson, Marjorie S. Schitlz & JenniferWHarden
XIX
Strontium isotopes in weathering budgetingT.Wickman & GJacks
611
Saline lakes and evaporite deposits
Magnesium sulfate brine lakes that precipitate dolomite: Evidence that Mg2+-dehydration is 617
more important than removal of S04 2~ inhibition in dolomite formation
EABurton, HG.Machel & T.Hahn
Transition metal geochemistry of sedimentary pore fluids associated with hydrothermal 621
activity in Lake Baikal, Russia
Edward Callender & Liba Granina
Diagenetic stevensite after dolomite in lacustrine deposit of Jbel Rhassoul, Morocco 627AChahi, MAis, P.Duringer & F.Risacher
A hint of recharge at Franklin Lake playa, Inyo County, California, USA 631John B.Czarnecki, DanielRonen, MordeckaiMagaritz & Levy Kroitoru
Controls on trace metal geochemistiy at Walker, Mono, and Great Salt Lakes 635J.L. Domagalski &.H.P. Eugster
The chemicaljump: Hydrologic control ofbrine reaction path within calcareous glacial 639aquifers and alkaline lakes, semi-arid northern Great Plains, USA
JosephJ.Donovan & Arthur W.Rose
Advection and diffusion ofgroundwater brines in modern and ancient salt lakes, Nulla 643groundwater discharge complex, Murray Basin, southeast AustraliaJames Ferguson, GerryJacobson, W.Ray Evans, Ian White, Robin A. Wooding, ChristopherJ.Barnes & Scott Tyler
Fluid inclusion analysis and evaporite modeling 649J.Garcia-Veigas, CAyora & JJ.Pueyo
Geochemical evolution and changes of 313C ofXC02 during sea water evaporation in solar 655pondsC.Pierre & B.Fritz
The origin of brines in Qaidam Basin, China 659Qu Yihua & Cai Keqin
Water-rock interaction in the formation of diagenetic dolomite in a non-marine, coastal 663evaporitic basin, Lake Hayward, Western Australia
M.R.Rosen, LCoshell & J.VTurner
Calcium chloride-dominated brines: An ion-exchange model 669WardESanford, Warren W.Wood& Terry B.Councell
Experimental study ofsaltrock-water interactions 673Vladimir G.Silberschmidt&Vadim V.Silberschmidt
A lake' s solute history from ostracodes: Comparison ofmethods 677Alison J.Smith, LDenis Delorme & RichardM.Forester
xx
Deep-water evaporite deposition in the Kareem Formation, Gemsa Basin, Egypt 681
SAStonecipherJAMayJ.C.Steinmetz & J.N.Dyess
Precipitation of calcite, dolomite, sepiolite and silica from evaporated carbonate and 687
tuffaceous waters of southern Nevada, USADavid T.Vaniman, MichaelHEbinger, DavidL.Bish & Steve J.Chipera
Boron isotope variations during brine evolution and water-rock interactions 693
Avner Vengosh
Unsaturated zone environments
Chemical changes associated with zeolitization of the tuffaceous beds ofCalico Hills, Yucca 699
Mountain, Nevada
David EBroxton
Geochemical modeling of water-rock interactions in the unsaturated zone 705
CJ.Bruton&B.E.Viani
Water infiltration rates in the unsaturated zone at the IdahoNational Engineering Laboratory 709
estimated from chlorine-36 and tritium profiles, and neutron loggingLDeWayne Cecil, Thomas M.Beasley, John R.Pittman, Robert L Michel, Peter W.Kubik,
Pankaj Sharma, UdoFehn & Harry EGove
Geochemistry and isotopes of secondary calcites precipitated by freezing 715
LDever, C.Marlin, MA.Courty & P.Vachier
Solute profiles in unsaturated Quaternary sands from Senegal: Environmental information 719
and water-rock interaction
W.Michael Edmunds, Serigne Faye & Cheikh B.Gaye
Interactions between heavy metals and silty loam soil in flow-through experiments 723
Changmi Gong & RonaJ.Donahoe
Water movementin the unsaturated zone based on a deuterium tracer experiment 727
Li Guiru, B.Mayer & M.Fischer
Chemistry and isotopes ofsoil water during freezing 731
C.Marlin, LDever, MACourty& P.Vachier
Isotopic studies of fracture coatings at Yucca Mountain, Nevada, USA 737
B.D.Marshall, J.FWhelan, ZEPeterman, K.Futa, SAMalvm & J.S.Stuckless
A preliminary study of the chemistry ofpore water extracted from tuffby one-dimensional 741
compressionC.A.Peters, J. D. Higgins, PA.Burger & I.C Yang
Water-permafrost interactions in karst areas 747
E.V.Pinneker
Major and trace element concentrations in waters centrifuged from unsaturated soils 751
HPuchelt&B.Bergfeldt
xxi
Mineralogy and ion exchange property of selected Indian soils 753
B.CRaymahashayAT.W.Kirkos, S.KBisoi & B.K.Panigrahy
Preliminary methodology for the study of heavy metal mobility in the unsaturated zone 757
in tropical climate
M.Szikszay, GAL.Alexandre, R.Hypolito, S.H.Ogihara, M.C.Toledo-Groke,
ED.N.Fernandes & R.C.Orlando
Groundwater environments
Geochemical processes controlling the groundwater composition at Palmottu study site, 763
SW-Finland
LAhonen, R.Blomqvist, T.Ruskeeniemi, M.Vesterinen & P.Pitkanen
Ingesting the consequences of water-rock interaction: Historical notes on bottled water 767
and spas
William Back & EdwardR.Landa
Effects of base exchange softening on fluoride uptake in groundwaters of the Moncton 771
Sub-Basin, New Brunswick, Canada
D.R.Boyle
Saline formation waters in Pliocene clays of the Po Valley, Italy: Tectonic significance 775
M.Chiarle, T.Nanni.E.Sacchi & G.M.Zuppi
The chemical influence ofclay minerals on groundwater composition in a lithologically 779
heterogeneous carbonate aquiferAlison E.Clark, Janet S. Herman & Blair F.Jones
Water-rock interactions and the pH stability of groundwaters from Yucca Mountain, Nevada, 783
USA
MichaelH.Ebinger
A comparison ofcalcite fracture mineralogy and geochemistry for the Canadian 787
and Fennoscandian Shields
S.K.Frape, AR.Blyth.M.GJones, R.Blomqvist, E-L.Tullborg,R.H.McNutt,F.McDermott&M.Ivanovich
Deuterium and' 3C evidence for low temperature production of hydrogen and methane 793
in a highly alkaline groundwater environment in Oman
PeterFritz, Ian D.Clark, Jean-Charles Fontes, Michael J.Whlticar & Eckhard Faber
Characterization ofnatural colloids in groundwaters ofEl Berrocal, Spain 797
P.Gomez, MJ.Turrero, V.Moulin & M.C.Magonthier
CI and Br in mafic and ultramafic rocks: Significance for the origin of salinity in groundwater 801
D.C.Kamineni, M.Gascoyne, TW.Melnyk, S.K.Frape & R.Blomqvist
Ligand-enhanced transport of strongly adsorbing metal ions in the ground-water environment 805
D.B.Kent, JADavis, LDAnderson & BARea
XXII
Ground-water chemistry undertallgrass prairie, central Kansas, USA 809
G.LMacpherson
Sulphur isotope ratios as tracers of natural and anthropogenic sulphur in the Lincolnshire 813
Limestone aquifer, eastern EnglandSJ.Moncaster, S.H.Bottrell, J.HTellam & J.W.Lloyd
Mechanisms of sulphide oxidation in a sandy aquifer 817
A.Parker, J.E.Rae, S.Bierens de Haan & R.T.Kimblin
Hydrogeochemistry of fluorine in shallow aqueous systems of the Golctik area, SW Turkey 821
APekdeger, N.Ozgur & H.-J.Schneider
Strontium isotope characterization of the Ash Meadows ground-water system, southern 825
Nevada, USA
ZE.Peterman, J.S.Stuckless, SAMahan, B.D.Marshall, E.D.Gutentag & J.S.Downey
Hydrogeochemical interpretation of the groundwater at Olkiluoto, Finland 831
P.Pitkdnen, M.Snellman & HLeino-Forsman
Mobilization of As and U in the Central Oklahoma aquifer, USA 835
JLSchlottmann & G.N.Breit
REE distributions in shallow groundwater from two hard-rock aquifers in the British Isles: 839
Carnmenellis (Cornwall) and Jersey
P.LSmedley
Integrated natural and injected multicomponent tracer experiments: Mammoth Hot Springs, 843
Yellowstone National Park, USA
W.D.Spall, D.RJanecky, P.R.Dixon & G.KBayhurst
Experimental interaction between a granite wall and flowing aerated water 847
M.-P.Turpault & LTrotignon
Postglacial land uplift and concentration profiles of anions in granite bedrock 851
M.Valkiainen, M.Olin & KUusheimo
Halogen geochemistry of Cretaceous sandstone aquifers in North America 855
D.O.Whittemore & J.Fabiyka-Martin
Author index
XXIII