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Introduction to Introduction to BasketballBasketball

Coach Petruzelli 2014

Dr. James NaismithDr. James NaismithSpringfield, Mass, in Springfield, Mass, in

18911891► Created at the YMCA in Springfield Massachusetts. Naismith used Created at the YMCA in Springfield Massachusetts. Naismith used

peach baskets and soccer balls and created 13 simple rules to peach baskets and soccer balls and created 13 simple rules to govern the game. govern the game.

► Basketball became an Olympic event in 1936. Basketball became an Olympic event in 1936.

► Basketball became a professional sport in 1949, when the NBA Basketball became a professional sport in 1949, when the NBA was developed. In 1997, the WNBA was developed as the first was developed. In 1997, the WNBA was developed as the first professional women’s league. professional women’s league.

► The shot clock was used in the NBA for the first time in 1954 to The shot clock was used in the NBA for the first time in 1954 to make the games more exciting and forcing teams to try to score make the games more exciting and forcing teams to try to score instead of just maintaining possession.instead of just maintaining possession.

The 13 Original The 13 Original RulesRules

1.1. The ball may be thrown with one or both hands. The ball may be thrown with one or both hands. 2.2. The ball may be batted, but never with the fist or foot. The ball may be batted, but never with the fist or foot. 3.3. A player cannot run with the ball. The player must throw it from the spot A player cannot run with the ball. The player must throw it from the spot

on which he catches it.on which he catches it.4.4. The ball must be held by the hands. The ball must be held by the hands. 5.5. No shouldering, holding, pushing, striking or tripping in any way of an No shouldering, holding, pushing, striking or tripping in any way of an

opponent. opponent. 6.6. A foul is striking at the ball with the fist.A foul is striking at the ball with the fist.7.7. If either side makes three consecutive fouls it shall count as a goal for the If either side makes three consecutive fouls it shall count as a goal for the

opponents.opponents.8.8. A goal shall be made when the ball is thrown or batted from the grounds A goal shall be made when the ball is thrown or batted from the grounds

into the basket.into the basket.9.9. When the ball goes out of bounds, it shall be thrown in by the first person When the ball goes out of bounds, it shall be thrown in by the first person

touching it. touching it. 10.10. The umpire shall be the judge of the men and shall note the fouls.The umpire shall be the judge of the men and shall note the fouls.11.11. The referee shall decide when the ball is in play, in bounds, to which side The referee shall decide when the ball is in play, in bounds, to which side

it belongs. it belongs. 12.12. The time shall be two fifteen-minute halves, with five minutes rest The time shall be two fifteen-minute halves, with five minutes rest

between. between. 13.13. The side making the most goals in that time shall be declared the winner.  The side making the most goals in that time shall be declared the winner. 

The Rim & BackboardThe Rim & Backboard

The ball is approximately 9 inches in diameter.The ball is approximately 9 inches in diameter.

The rim is exactly 10 feet from the floor.The rim is exactly 10 feet from the floor.

The free-throw line is exactly 15 feet from the backboard.The free-throw line is exactly 15 feet from the backboard.

The diameter of a regulation basketball rim is 18 inches.The diameter of a regulation basketball rim is 18 inches.

The rim is 6 inches from the backboard.The rim is 6 inches from the backboard.

The standard backboard is rectangle which measures 6 feet The standard backboard is rectangle which measures 6 feet wide by 3.5 feet high. (72 inches by 42 inches) wide by 3.5 feet high. (72 inches by 42 inches)

The outlined box on the backboard is 18 inches high and 2 The outlined box on the backboard is 18 inches high and 2 feet wide.feet wide.

The CourtThe Court

THE COURTTHE COURT► FrontcourtFrontcourt-- refers to the half court where your team’s offensive basket refers to the half court where your team’s offensive basket

is located.is located.

► BackcourtBackcourt-- includes the mid-court line and the half of the court where includes the mid-court line and the half of the court where your opponent’s basket is located.your opponent’s basket is located.

► The lines on the court are out of bounds so touching the line or having The lines on the court are out of bounds so touching the line or having the ball touch the line means that the ball is out of bounds. the ball touch the line means that the ball is out of bounds.

► The lines under the baskets are called The lines under the baskets are called BaselinesBaselines, and the lines on the , and the lines on the sides are called sides are called SidelinesSidelines. The line in the middle of the court is the . The line in the middle of the court is the Half-court lineHalf-court line, which separates the Frontcourt and Backcourt., which separates the Frontcourt and Backcourt.

► Three-second laneThree-second lane is a 19 by 12 foot rectangular area that extends is a 19 by 12 foot rectangular area that extends from the baseline under the basket to the free-throw line.    from the baseline under the basket to the free-throw line.   

► PerimeterPerimeter-- is the area outside the three-second lane. is the area outside the three-second lane.

► Three-point lineThree-point line - marks a semicircle that is 19 feet (23’9” for NBA) - marks a semicircle that is 19 feet (23’9” for NBA) from the basket at all points.  Shots made from behind, not on, that line from the basket at all points.  Shots made from behind, not on, that line are worth 3 points, instead of 2.  are worth 3 points, instead of 2. 

3 Major Individual Skills3 Major Individual Skills

1.1. ShootingShooting

2.2. DribblingDribbling

3.3. PassingPassing

SHOOTINGSHOOTINGThe B-E-E-F MethodThe B-E-E-F Method

B- B- BalanceBalance. Square up their body and balance . Square up their body and balance the ball on the pads of their hands, over the the ball on the pads of their hands, over the elbow and shooting knee to allow you to focus elbow and shooting knee to allow you to focus on the target.on the target.

E- E- EyesEyes focused on the target, not the ball or focused on the target, not the ball or defense.defense.

E- E- ElbowElbow in and under the ball so that the ball in and under the ball so that the ball stays straight.stays straight.

F- F- FollowFollow through on the shot so that through on the shot so that fingertips are the last part of your hand fingertips are the last part of your hand touching the ball as you release.touching the ball as you release.

DribblingDribbling► Dribbling was Dribbling was notnot in original rules set by Naismith. in original rules set by Naismith.► To maintain possession of the ball while moving, a player must To maintain possession of the ball while moving, a player must

dribble the basketball dribble the basketball ► You can run with the ball only if you bounce the ball downwards You can run with the ball only if you bounce the ball downwards

in a continuous motion. in a continuous motion. ► You are never allowed to pick up the ball or stop it from falling, You are never allowed to pick up the ball or stop it from falling,

but you can guide the ball side to side and push it down to but you can guide the ball side to side and push it down to bounce up.bounce up.

► You can only run with the ball if you dribble without committing a You can only run with the ball if you dribble without committing a

violation.violation.

4 Basic Dribble Moves4 Basic Dribble Moves

1.1. The The CrossoverCrossover is used to change direction or is used to change direction or improve your offensive position by quickly improve your offensive position by quickly changing your dribbling hand to keep the ball away changing your dribbling hand to keep the ball away from defenders.from defenders.

2.2. Between-the-LegsBetween-the-Legs dribble is used when being dribble is used when being closely guarded and you need to change directions.closely guarded and you need to change directions.

3.3. Behind-the-BackBehind-the-Back dribble is a great way to keep dribble is a great way to keep the ball away from the defender without really the ball away from the defender without really having to slow down. having to slow down.

4.4. SpinSpin Dribble is used to keep the ball away from Dribble is used to keep the ball away from defenders while changing directions. When used defenders while changing directions. When used correctly, it is very effective, but the dribbler does correctly, it is very effective, but the dribbler does lose sight of the court while performing the spin lose sight of the court while performing the spin move.move.

Passing and CatchingPassing and Catching

►Naismith meant basketball as a team Naismith meant basketball as a team game and to get people moving in game and to get people moving in competition.competition.

►Passing and catching are vital to any Passing and catching are vital to any team.team.

►Keep away (possession) was a major Keep away (possession) was a major strategy prior to using the shot clock.strategy prior to using the shot clock.

►Team offenses need to work on passing Team offenses need to work on passing more than any other skill in the game.more than any other skill in the game.

4 Basic Passes4 Basic Passes

1.1. Chest PassChest Pass can be used quickly and accurately from most positions can be used quickly and accurately from most positions

on the floor.  It is named so because the ball is thrown with two on the floor.  It is named so because the ball is thrown with two hands from the passer’s chest to the receiver’s chest area.  A player hands from the passer’s chest to the receiver’s chest area.  A player should follow through with his fingers pointed at the target and should follow through with his fingers pointed at the target and thumps down.thumps down.

2.2. Bounce PassBounce Pass should be used when a person is closely guarded.  The should be used when a person is closely guarded.  The ball should be bounced two-thirds of the way between themselves ball should be bounced two-thirds of the way between themselves and the receivers.   The bounce pass is a slower pass than the chest, and the receivers.   The bounce pass is a slower pass than the chest, but if precise, a much more effective pass for scoring opportunities.but if precise, a much more effective pass for scoring opportunities.

3.3. Overhead PassOverhead Pass are used when they are closely guarded and they are used when they are closely guarded and they have to pass over their defender.  An overhead pass can be used to have to pass over their defender.  An overhead pass can be used to hit the outlet pass to start a fast break or a lob pass to a player hit the outlet pass to start a fast break or a lob pass to a player cutting backdoor to the basket, or for feeding the person posting up cutting backdoor to the basket, or for feeding the person posting up on the block.  on the block.  

4.4. The Baseball PassThe Baseball Pass is the ideal way to deliver a long pass if you are is the ideal way to deliver a long pass if you are not closely guarded.not closely guarded.

Secondary skillsSecondary skills

1.1. FootworkFootwork. . Everything begins with a good foundation.Everything begins with a good foundation.

2.2. Rebounding.Rebounding.    If you get more possessions, you If you get more possessions, you

get more shots.get more shots.  3.3. Transition.Transition. The fast-break.The fast-break.

4.4. DefenseDefense. . ““Man” or “Zone”Man” or “Zone”

FoulsFouls

► Basketball can be a contact sport.  Fouls are called when officials see Basketball can be a contact sport.  Fouls are called when officials see illegal physical contact between two or more players.  illegal physical contact between two or more players. 

► A person is no longer allowed to play in the game once they have A person is no longer allowed to play in the game once they have reached reached 5 personal fouls. 5 personal fouls. 

► Depending on how many fouls a team has committed or if the foul was Depending on how many fouls a team has committed or if the foul was committed while a shot was being attempted, committed while a shot was being attempted, free-throwsfree-throws may may awarded. awarded.

► A A shooting foulshooting foul is where a defender makes contact with a player who is where a defender makes contact with a player who is shooting the basketball.  This type of foul results in a free throw.  The is shooting the basketball.  This type of foul results in a free throw.  The offensive player will shoot 2 free throws if they are shooting inside the offensive player will shoot 2 free throws if they are shooting inside the 3-point arch or 3 free throws if they are shooting behind the 3-point 3-point arch or 3 free throws if they are shooting behind the 3-point arch. arch.

► Once a team has reached the Once a team has reached the 7 team fouls7 team fouls, the opposing team is then , the opposing team is then in a bonus situation regardless of whether they were shooting, shooting in a bonus situation regardless of whether they were shooting, shooting a 1-and-1 situation. After 10 fouls, the opposing team is in a double-a 1-and-1 situation. After 10 fouls, the opposing team is in a double-bonus situation.  bonus situation. 

Types of FOULSTypes of FOULS 1.1. BlockingBlocking is physically impeding the progress of another player who is is physically impeding the progress of another player who is

still moving.still moving.2.2. ChargingCharging is running into or pushing a defender who is stationary. is running into or pushing a defender who is stationary.3.3. HoldingHolding is restricting the movement of an opponent. is restricting the movement of an opponent.4.4. Over the backOver the back is infringing on the vertical plane of, and making is infringing on the vertical plane of, and making

contact with, a player who is in position and attempting to rebound.contact with, a player who is in position and attempting to rebound.5.5. ReachingReaching in is extending an arm and making contact with a ball in is extending an arm and making contact with a ball

handler in an attempt to steal the ball.handler in an attempt to steal the ball.6.6. TrippingTripping is extending a leg or foot and causing an opponent to lose is extending a leg or foot and causing an opponent to lose

balance or fall.  balance or fall.  7.7. Illegal screenIllegal screen is where an offensive person tries to block a defender is where an offensive person tries to block a defender

and makes contact with them. and makes contact with them. 8.8. Technical FoulTechnical Foul is a foul where someone has done something is a foul where someone has done something

unsportsmanlike. Swearing or profane language can result in technical unsportsmanlike. Swearing or profane language can result in technical fouls. Having too many people on the court or a coach not following fouls. Having too many people on the court or a coach not following guidelines can be given technical fouls. An intentional foul is a certain guidelines can be given technical fouls. An intentional foul is a certain type of technical foul where someone purposely creates an unsafe type of technical foul where someone purposely creates an unsafe contact by not going after the ball. Technical fouls result in not only a contact by not going after the ball. Technical fouls result in not only a foul shot, but also possession of the ball.foul shot, but also possession of the ball.

ViolationsViolations: : Infractions in the rules where a team loses possession of the Infractions in the rules where a team loses possession of the

ball.ball.

1.1. 5-second violation5-second violation – The team with the ball has five seconds – The team with the ball has five seconds to inbound the ball or possession is awarded to the opposite to inbound the ball or possession is awarded to the opposite team. This is one of the original 13 rules that still remains in team. This is one of the original 13 rules that still remains in today’s game.today’s game.

2.2. 3-second violation3-second violation – A player from the offensive team must – A player from the offensive team must exit the three-second lane before three seconds are up or the exit the three-second lane before three seconds are up or the opposing team is given the ball.opposing team is given the ball.

3.3. Shot clock violationShot clock violation – Since 1954, the NBA instituted a shot – Since 1954, the NBA instituted a shot clock to speed the game of basketball up so that stalling would clock to speed the game of basketball up so that stalling would stop playing a major factor in the games. Some states still have stop playing a major factor in the games. Some states still have high school basketball play without a shot clock.high school basketball play without a shot clock.

4.4. Backcourt ViolationBackcourt Violation - is the return of the ball to the backcourt - is the return of the ball to the backcourt by an offensive player after he or she has crossed into the by an offensive player after he or she has crossed into the frontcourt.frontcourt.

5.5. Ball handlingBall handling violations occur very often.  A turnover (a loss of violations occur very often.  A turnover (a loss of the ball to the defense) occurs due to some of these violations.the ball to the defense) occurs due to some of these violations.1.1. CarryingCarrying the ball is when a player turns the ball a complete rotation the ball is when a player turns the ball a complete rotation

in the hand between dribbles. in the hand between dribbles. 2.2. Double dribbleDouble dribble is resuming dribbling after having stopped, or is resuming dribbling after having stopped, or

dribbling with both hands at the same time. Once you stop dribbling with both hands at the same time. Once you stop dribbling, you have five seconds to shoot or pass the ball.dribbling, you have five seconds to shoot or pass the ball.

3.3. TravelingTraveling is taking more than one step without dribbling.  is taking more than one step without dribbling. 

Basketball TodayBasketball Today

Team basketball is limited to 5-on-5 full-Team basketball is limited to 5-on-5 full-court.court.

3-on-3 half court has become very popular 3-on-3 half court has become very popular in compeititons and tournaments, but not in compeititons and tournaments, but not much in leagues.much in leagues.

50 million people play on a basketball team 50 million people play on a basketball team every year.every year.

Has gone from small gyms to multi-billion Has gone from small gyms to multi-billion dollar arenas which can hold up to 100,000 dollar arenas which can hold up to 100,000 fans.fans.

P.E. Basketball ActivitiesP.E. Basketball Activities

►Mikan Drill Mikan Drill CompetitionCompetition

► P-I-G or H-O-R-S-EP-I-G or H-O-R-S-E► Around the WorldAround the World► KnockoutKnockout►Dribble RelaysDribble Relays►Dribble-TagDribble-Tag► Skill StationsSkill Stations

► Line BasketballLine Basketball► King of the laneKing of the lane► 2-on-2 Passing2-on-2 Passing►Naismith BasketballNaismith Basketball► 3-on-3 Half Court3-on-3 Half Court► 5-on-5 Full Court5-on-5 Full Court

For Further information, go toFor Further information, go to::

NBA.com or WNBA.com for professional basketball NBA.com or WNBA.com for professional basketball information.information.

hoophall.com for the Naismith Basketball Hall of hoophall.com for the Naismith Basketball Hall of Fame or Fame or

wbhof.com for the women’s hall of fame.wbhof.com for the women’s hall of fame.

NYSbasketball.net for high school basketball NYSbasketball.net for high school basketball information in New York State.information in New York State.

The notes can be found online The notes can be found online at OLLCHS.orgat OLLCHS.org

Test will be on Test will be on

December 15December 15thth and 16th. and 16th.


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