Introduction to Geographic Introduction to Geographic Information Systems (GIS) Information Systems (GIS)
using ArcMap 9.2using ArcMap 9.2
Marcel FortinGIS & Map Librarian, University of Toronto
[email protected]/maplib
September 27th, 2007
This presentation http://prod.library.utoronto.ca:8090/maplib/temp/RCAT/
ObjectivesObjectives
►Understand the basic premises of GISUnderstand the basic premises of GIS Cartography / Map MakingCartography / Map Making Geographic AnalysisGeographic Analysis
►By Learning the basics ofBy Learning the basics of GIS software and databasesGIS software and databases Different geographic datasetsDifferent geographic datasets Basic map creationBasic map creation
ObjectivesObjectives
►What is GIS?What is GIS?►Examples of GISExamples of GIS► Issues and problems/obstacles to Issues and problems/obstacles to
using GISusing GIS►GIS software and DataGIS software and Data►Hands-onHands-on
What is GIS?What is GIS? A GIS is a computer application with
the capacity to assemble, store, manipulate, analyze, and display geographically referenced information (geospatial data)
What are What are GeospatialGeospatial data? data?
Data must “fit” with other dataData must “fit” with other data Geospatial data are georeferenced data Geospatial data are georeferenced data (ie. they have a geographic field)(ie. they have a geographic field)
• postal codespostal codes• ProvinceProvince• CityCity• longitude and latitudelongitude and latitude• lot numberslot numbers• concession numbersconcession numbers• census tractcensus tract• wards wards • etc.etc.
ProvincesProvinces
Postal DataPostal Data
Longitude / Latitude Longitude / Latitude
Parcel InformationParcel Information
Air Photos (or other raster Air Photos (or other raster imagery)imagery)
0.50000000.00000000.0000000-0.5000000627995.12502494836671.8749751
1999 Aerial photograph (Triathlon Inc.) Access via http://atlantis.chass.utoronto.ca/maplib/cgi-bin/datainventory.pl?idnum=44&display=full
Road Network FileRoad Network File
DMTI Spatial’s Street Network File for Ontario
http://atlantis.chass.utoronto.ca/maplib/cgi-bin/datainventory.pl?idnum=450&display=full
Combination of “Layers”Combination of “Layers”
1999 Orthorectified Aerial photograph overlayed with the DMTI Spatial’s Street Network file for Ontario
Common Examples of GIS Common Examples of GIS
http://map.toronto.ca/imapit/iMapIt.jsp?app=TOMaps
http://map.toronto.ca/imapit/iMapIt.jsp?app=TOMaps
Historical GISHistorical GIS
1860’s Map of Toronto with the Gardiner Expressway overlayed. Note the highway’s location!
What is not GIS?What is not GIS?
What is not a GIS – Scanned What is not a GIS – Scanned MapsMaps
E-maps are not a GISE-maps are not a GIS
http://www.ladocumentationfrancaise.fr/cartotheque/decoupage-administratif-france-2005.shtml
GPS IS NOT GISGPS IS NOT GIS
http://www.skyfly.cz/pristroj/image/mage315.jpg
Future Future GPS / GIS GPS / GIS ConvergenceConvergence
11 GPS.mxd11 GPS.mxd
GIS not CADGIS not CAD
Data Access Data Access http://www.library.utoronto.ca/maplibhttp://www.library.utoronto.ca/maplib
SoftwareSoftware
ESRI Site License (campus consortium)ESRI Site License (campus consortium)• ArcGIS (desktop)ArcGIS (desktop)
• ArcInfoArcInfo• ArcEditorArcEditor• ArcView (free version now available from map ArcView (free version now available from map
library)library)
• ArcIMS (web) / ArcSDE (spatial data engine)ArcIMS (web) / ArcSDE (spatial data engine)
Mapinfo Site License (through Mapinfo Site License (through Geography Department)Geography Department)
Autocad Map Site License Autocad Map Site License
Other software optionsOther software options
CommercialCommercial• Microsoft MapPoint (software licensing office)Microsoft MapPoint (software licensing office)• OracleOracle• FMEFME
Open SourceOpen Source• GRASS (desktop)GRASS (desktop)• MapServer (web)MapServer (web)• ThubanThuban• QGISQGIS
Making Sense of “ArcWording”Making Sense of “ArcWording”
Functions
Umbrella
Flavour
3D Analyst, Spatial Analyst, etc.Extensions
ArcGISArcGIS
ArcInfo ArcInfo
ArcEditorArcEditor
ArcViewArcView
ArcMapArcMap||ArcToolboxArcToolbox||ArcSceneArcScene||ArcCatalogArcCatalog
Questions or Questions or Comments?Comments?