Chapter I. THE PROBLEM AND ITS BACKGROUND
Introduction
Since globalization occurred, lots of life aspects have greatly improved.
Technology has done so much to Mother Earth that the word “impossible”,
nowadays, seems to lose its worth in man’s daily vocabulary. Appliances tend to
fully assist the people on a daily basis, make jobs even faster and accomplish
goals as efficiently as plausible. Gadgets and other state-of-the-art devices serve
not only as sources of recreation but also as tools of living a convenient life.
Hence, it is necessary for us to follow the flow and join the running towards
attaining a historic progress.
To help spread the change in civilization, the researcher has formulated
his project entitled “ASSEMBLING A SOUND OR VOICE ACTIVATED
SETTING-ON DEVICE FOR GADGETS, APPLIANCES AND OTHER
ELECTRONIC DEVICES” that seeks to discover the efficiency of sound, instead
of manual/physical manipulation, in order to set or turn on gadgets and the like.
He believes that assembling this device is necessary since it will be beneficial for
people who want expediency in daily living. People – the whole world – no longer
have to touch an object or turn its switch on manually. They just have to say or
do something that is going to make a sound for that electronic device to simply
set on.
The device’s structure is fragile and crucial that any wrong step, even little,
will lead to its malfunction. It is a very delicate object like other studies done for
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switching. That is why its makeup must be carefully arranged so as to meet its
goals. Every vital instruction is a key to achieving the said device.
This chapter presents the basic details regarding the study, the various
aims of the researcher, the study’s contributions to the society and the essential
information for the completion of the investigation.
Objectives of the Study
This study focuses on the sound or voice activated setting-on device’s
assembly and efficiency on electronic devices. It seeks to execute the following
goals:
1. To produce a sound or voice activated setting-on device
2. To find out if any sound will do for the setting-on device to work
3. To discover if the type of electronic device matters for the setting-on
device’s competence
Statement of the Problem
This study focuses on the sound or voice activated setting-on device’s
construction and effectiveness on electronic devices. It seeks to answer the
following questions:
1. Is it possible to produce a sound or voice activated setting-on device?
2. Will any sound do for the setting-on device to work?
3. Does the type of electronic device matter for the setting-on device’s
competence?
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Hypotheses
The researcher considers the following hypotheses in his study:
1. It is possible to produce a sound or voice activated setting-on device.
2. Any sound will do for the setting-on device to work.
3. The type of electronic device does matter for the setting-on device’s
competence.
Scope and Delimitation
This study focuses only on the making of a sound or voice activated
setting-on device. The researcher does not deal on a device that sets an object
on and off. The product made here is only for turning a device on and no longer
on how to turn it off through a sound or a voice. The device is only applicable for
setting an object on. The way to close the object is through manual or physical
handling. The circuit of the device is solely for the said purpose. Access on a
voice or sound activated switch requires a different type of circuit and the
researcher is not going to conduct that anymore.
This study is only on the goals of finding the possibility to make such a
device, the form of sound needed for the device to work and the type of
electronic device required for the output to function. The researcher limits himself
on these objectives. He won’t be dealing with any aim aside from the said ones.
Furthermore, this study is limited to the use of the materials. 1 LM324 IC,
1 C945/C828/C829 transistor, 4 1N4148 diodes, 1 10V, ¼ W diode, 1 33/16
3
capacitor elect, 2 22/16 capacitor elects, 1 10/16 capacitor elect, 1 562 Biaxially-
oriented polyethylene terephthalate (boPET) mylar, 3 30K(33K) resistors, 2 5K
resistors, 1 3K resistors, 2 5M resistors, 1 27K resistor, 1 3M resistor, 2 10K
resistors, 1 1K resistor, 1 220K resistor, 1 220 Ohms resistor, 1 180 Ohms
resistor, 1 100K trimmer resistor, 1 20K (22K) trimmer resistor, 2 LED’s, 1 105P
12Vdc relay sw, 1 Em80 condenser microphone, 1 14 PINS ic socket, 1 MYK-
VAS pcb, a voltage regulator and the other materials stated in the methodology.
The use of other materials, which are not mentioned, is not included in this study.
The researcher wants to get the best result by using the prescribed materials.
The setting-on device and the source of sound are limited on a distance of
5 meters. Every testing done in this research has followed the said distance.
Experiments have been conducted in closed areas like rooms and others.
This study is limited only to the combination of the said materials to
produce the stated sound or voice activated setting-on device. The parameters of
this study are set only from the use of the materials, arranged procedures, written
statements of the problem, listed recommendations and up to the feasibility of
producing a useful product.
Significance of the Study
This study is significant because of its motives and the up-to-date findings
regarding the contribution of switching devices in the society. It tackles the
efficacy of a TURNING-ON DEVICE that sets on when it hears a sound after a
given time it has been plugged on. The gadget or any other object related will
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open when the sound is heard. It talks about the advantages this turning-on
device has for us all and the help in can give us to avoid time consumption. If the
study were proved credible, awareness on the use of switching devices will be
heightened. Other elements for activation may be researched like light,
fingerprints and many others. Moreover, the researcher would like to say that this
study is also significant to several groups:
To the members of the family, this study is beneficial. They do not have
to touch an object for it to turn on. Daily living at home will be convenient
because appliances are swiftly accessed. Danger will be avoided. Children will
be able to handle appliances very safely. Home devices won’t be plugged by
adults anymore. Hence, children may do the setting-on themselves.
To the students, this study may be very helpful and interesting especially
to those who are fond of discovering devices which are really technologically
advanced. Physics lovers and other mechanically and electronically talented
learners will be very much eager to discover the effects of using this device and
many more. Studying for them will be easy as well. Access on devices needed
for studying will be handled by students on the double like computers,
typewriters, electronic devices and books and a lot more. Students can discover
a lot as they explore in this head scratching yet cool scientific study.
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To the researchers, this study means a lot for they will be able to
discover something new in the field of science. Aside from their ideas of how to
conduct the study, they can even learn more on how to make other switching
devices. They can even think of something new on how to innovate this study.
Lastly, the researcher wants you to know that this study is very significant
to him, because the concepts expected to be learned here are not just in science
but also in the present technology and man’s revolutionary methods of survival.
Definition of Terms
The following terms listed below are imperative to the comprehension of
the study. Some definitions are gotten from “Merriam Webster Dictionary” while
others are formulated by the researcher.
Appliance. A piece of equipment for adapting a tool or machine to a special
purpose; may refer to a device with a narrow function.
Capacitor. A device giving capacitance and usually consisting of conducting
plates or foils separated by thin layers of dielectric (as air or mica) with the plates
on opposite sides of the dielectric layers oppositely charged by a source of
voltage and the electrical energy of the charged system stored in the polarized
dielectric
Electrical circuit. A network that has a closed loop, giving a return path for the
current.
Electrical conductor. A material allowing the flow of electric current.
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Gadget. Is a small technological object that has a particular function, but is often
thought of as a novelty.
Insulator. A material that resists the flow of electric current.
LED. A semiconductor diode that emits light when an electric current is applied in
the forward direction of the device, as in the simple LED circuit.
Resistor. A two-terminal electronic component designed to oppose an electric
current by producing a voltage drop between its terminals in proportion to the
current, that is, in accordance with Ohm's law: V = IR.
Sound. The sensation perceived by the sense of hearing; vibration transmitted
through a solid, liquid, or gas; particularly, sound means those vibrations
composed of frequencies capable of being detected by ears.
Transistor. A semiconductor device commonly used to amplify or switch
electronic signals.
Voice. Consists of sound made by a human being using the vocal folds for
talking, singing, laughing, crying, screaming, etc.
Voltage Regulator. An electrical regulator designed to automatically maintain a
constant voltage level.
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Chapter II. REVIEW OF RELATED LITERATURE AND STUDIES
The sound or voice activated setting-on device is no ordinary type of a
device activator just like its other kinds. The researcher has put in this chapter
some studies related to that of the researcher, the functions they have and the
stories behind their creations. The required data were gathered from different
sources.
“A simple thermistor triggered cold switch with adjustable threshold. The
thermistor used has a resistance of 15k at 25 degrees and 45k at 0 degrees
Celsius. A suitable bead type thermistor can be found in the Maplin catalogue.
The 100k pot allows this circuit to trigger over a wide range of temperatures. If
using a different thermistor then the control should match the new thermistor at
its highest resistance, or be higher in value. The op-amp in this circuit is the
ubiquitous 741. It may be catalogued as LM741, CA741 etc, all types will work. In
this circuit it is used as a comparator. The non-inverting input (pin 3) is biased to
half the supply voltage. The non-inverting input is connected to the junction of the
thermistor and potentiometer. The control is adjusted so that the circuit is on
when the thermistor is at the required temperature range. Once the thermistor is
outside the temperature range its resistance alters and the op-amp output
changes from near full supply to around 1 or 2 volts dc. There is insufficient
voltage to turn on the transistor and the relay will not energise. A slight amount of
hysteresis is provided by inclusion of the 270k resistor. This prevents rapid
switching of the circuit when the temperature is near to the switching threshold.”
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Frost Alarm or Cold Activated Switch
(http://www.zen22142.zen.co.uk/Circuits/Switching/coldsw.htm), 2008
“The light sensor used is the ORP12 photocell. In bright light the
resistance of the ORP12 can be as low as 80 ohm and at 50lux (darkness) the
resistance increases to over 1 Mohm. The 1M control should provide a wide
range for light intensities, if not its value may be increased. The op-amp senses
the voltage difference between pins 2 and 3. The control VR1 is adjusted so that
the relay is off, the output of the op-amp will be around 2 Volts. When light falls,
the resistance of the photocell increases and the difference in input voltage is
amplified by the op-amp, the output will swing towards full supply and drive the
transistor and relay. The 270k resistor provides a small amount of hysteresis, so
that the circuit switches on and off with slightly different light levels. This
eliminates relay chatter.”
Dark Activated Switch or Porch Light Switch,
(http://www.zen22142.zen.co.uk/Circuits/Switching/switch.html) , 2008
“The old and omnipresent NE555 can be very good at something it was
not meant for: driving relays or other loads up to 200 mA. The picture shows an
example circuit: if the input level rises over 2/3 of the supply voltage - it will turn
on the relay, and the relay will stay on until the level at the input drops below one
third of the supply voltage. If the relay and D1 were connected between pin 3 and
9
ground, the relay would be activated when the input voltage drops below one
third, and deactivated when the input voltage goes over two thirds of the supply
voltage.”
Voltage Controlled Switch,
(http://www.zen22142.zen.co.uk/Circuits/Switching/vcs555.htm) , 2007
“The relay is energized by pressing a single key. Choose the key you want
to use - and connect it to terminal "E". Choose the four keys you want to use to
de-energize the relay - and connect them to "A B C & D". Wire the common to R1
and all the remaining keys to "F". The Circuit is easy to use. When you press "E"
- current through D2 & R9 turns Q6 on - and energizes the relay. The two
transistors - Q5 & Q6 - form a "Complementary Latch". So - when you release
the key - the relay will remain energized. To de-energize the relay - you need to
press keys "A B C & D" in the right order. When you do so - pin 10 of the IC goes
high - and it turns Q4 on through R8. Q4 connects the base of Q6 to ground. This
unlatches the complementary pair - and the relay drops out.
Universal 4-Digit Keypad-Operated Switch,
(http://www.zen22142.zen.co.uk/Circuits/Switching/un4.html), 2007
“It is quite easy to miss the sound of a doorbell if you are watching TV, this
circuit gets round the problem by providing a visual indication. As an alternative,
a LED could also be used. You could just parallel a lamp across the doorbell, but
this would mean extra drain from the doorbell batteries or transformer. A series
10
resistor, R1 is wired in series with the doorbell and reduces current flow, thereby
increasing battery life. The value of R1 is chosen so that about 0.6 to 0.7 volts is
developed across it, when the doorbell switch is pressed. I used a combination of
a 22 ohm resistor in parallel with a 50 ohm. The voltage drop across R1 is
sufficient to switch on the transistor, the lamp in series with the collector will then
illuminate.”
Remote Doorbell Warning Switch,
(http://www.zen22142.zen.co.uk/Circuits/Switching/dbsw.htm), 2008
“This infrared remote controlled circuit will allow you to use any infrared in
order to switch it on or off. Now that infrared remote controlled devices are in
almost every room of every home (TVs, CD & DVD players, etc..), it makes the
remote control a very ubiquitous item, which means that it make sense to extend
their functionality. The circuit uses a relay for switching, which means that it can
behave as a switch for almost any item - where your remote control will be your
on/off trigger.”
InfraRed Remote Control Switch - Infrared Remote Control,
(http://www.electrokits.com/electronics/relays-remotes-switches-timers/23.htm),
2008
“Electric switches, electronic switches or electrical switches are devices
used to connect or break an electrical circuit. All switches consist of an operator,
contacts and a switch mechanism. The operator actuates switch operation. The
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contacts are made of low-resistance metal and are used to make or break the
electrical circuit. The switch mechanism is linked to the operator and
opens/closes the contacts. The function of the switch is designated by the terms
pole, throw and break. Pole indicates how many circuits a switch is capable of
controlling. Throw refers to how many conductors or paths that a switch is able to
control. Break is a term that refers to the breaking or opening of a circuit. The
term “position” indicates how many stops a switch will make between its extreme
settings. The two most basic switch devices, of which other mechanisms are
simply variations, are the slow-make, slow-break (AC base) and the quick-make,
quick-break (AC/DC base) mechanisms. The first device is basically a teeter-
totter or seesaw design. It is spring-loaded, requiring a very positive force to
close the contacts. The slowness of a slow-make, slow-break device provides a
slight time delay. This delay allows the AC current wave to nearly
instantaneously cycle to zero before the spark is extinguished. Toggle switches,
slide buttons, rocker switches or pushbutton switches can operate the
mechanism.”
Electric switches, (http://www.iqsdirectory.com/electric-switches), 2008
“Electrons with a negative charge, can't "jump" through the air to a
positively charged atom. They have to wait until there is a link or bridge between
the negative area and the positive area. We usually call this bridge a "circuit."
When a bridge is created, the electrons begin moving quickly. Depending on the
resistance of the material making up the bridge, they try to get across as fast as
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they can. If you're not careful, too many electrons can go across at one time and
destroy the "bridge" or the circuit, in the process.”
Circuits of UCI Summer Science, 2004
“As a boy, Thomas Edison built a small laboratory in his cellar. His early
experiments helped develop a very inquisitive mind. His whole life was spent
thinking about how things work and dreaming up new inventions. The light bulb
and movie projector are just two of dozens of inventions. You can build a very
basic electrical circuit similar to what Edison may have crafted as a boy. And you
can find out what happens when a current is "open" compared with when it's
"closed."
Circuit Experiment of Elementary Science Teacher Resource Book, 2000
“Electrical and electronic circuits can be complicated. Making a drawing
of the connections to all the component parts in the circuit's load makes it easier
to understand how circuit components are connected. Drawings for electronic
circuits are called "circuit diagrams". Drawings for electrical circuits are called
"wiring diagrams". Circuit diagrams and wiring diagrams are usually drawn by
skilled draftsmen, and then printed. But they can also be simple pencil sketches
drawn by technicians or other workers.”
Circuit and wiring diagrams of Electrical Circuit of the Electronics Book, 2006
13
An electrical network is an interconnection of electrical elements such as
resistors, inductors, capacitors, transmission lines, voltage sources, current
sources, switches and many other advanced tools. An electrical circuit is a
network that has a closed loop, giving a return path for the current. The sound or
voice activated setting-on device is very much relevant to the studies written
above for their activation elements are also unusual objects. The Frost Alarm or
Cold Activated Switch reacts to the temperature it gets, the Dark Activated
Switch or Porch Light Switch reacts to the presence and absence of light, the
Voltage Controlled Switch works through the presence of voltage and the user’s
customized operation, the Universal 4-Digit Keypad-Operated Switch stores a
password for the device to work, the Remote Doorbell Warning Switch is applied
to doors to know whether someone gets in or out of the house and the Infrared
Remote Control Switch uses Infrared rays that act as controllers or remotes to
manage the switching in many devices. The sound or voice activated setting-on
device has a similar circuit with that of the above devices – a proof that sounds
may also be used to activate and control appliances and the like.
The listed forms of literature and studies in this chapter are all relevant
and essential to the study of the researcher. Each of them plays a big role to the
fulfillment of the researcher’s intentions.
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Chapter III. METHODOLOGY
Materials
The study used 1 LM324 IC, 1 C945/C828/C829 transistor, 4 1N4148
diodes, 1 10V, ¼ W diode, 1 33/16 capacitor elect, 2 22/16 capacitor elects, 1
10/16 capacitor elect, 1 562 Biaxially-oriented polyethylene terephthalate
(boPET) mylar, 3 30K(33K) resistors, 2 5K resistors, 1 3K resistors, 2 5M
resistors, 1 27K resistor, 1 3M resistor, 2 10K resistors, 1 1K resistor, 1 220K
resistor, 1 220 Ohms resistor, 1 180 Ohms resistor, 1 100K trimmer resistor, 1
20K (22K) trimmer resistor, 2 LED’s, 1 105P 12Vdc relay sw, 1 Em80 condenser
microphone, 1 14 PINS ic socket, 1 MYK-VAS pcb, a voltage regulator, wires, a
switch, an electrical outlet, pliers, electrical tapes, cutters and screw drivers.
Procedures
All the components starting from the smallest ones like the resistors and
diodes were inserted. Proper orientation of polarized components such as the
diodes, electrolytic capacitors, and LED’s was assured. The supplied IC sockets
were used to avoid possible damage to the IC. The IC was mounted after all the
rest of the components have been soldered. MIC 1 was wired for easy access.
The schematic diagram (Figure 1) on page 16 was used to assemble the entire
circuit.
The wiring diagram (Figure 2) on page 17 was the basis for the testing.
Proper connections were checked to ensure that everything will turn out right. A
load was connected to the output terminals. Load rating was not made to exceed
5 Amperes. Power was then applied to the circuit. VR1 was turned to minimum
15
position and VR2 to the center position. The researcher spoke over the
microphone while VR1 slowly adjusted until LED1 lighted up. LED1 was done to
go off once the sound was no longer heard. LED2 was assembled to remain
lighted until approximately 30 seconds (the approximate time with VR2 set at mid
point) and automatically go off after the set time. The loaded device was made to
respond in the same manner as the LED2.
The setting-on device was assembled. Other electronic devices were
connected to it for easy sound or voice activation.
16
Figure 1. The schematic diagram of the setting-on device.
17
Figure 2. The wiring diagram of the setting-on device.
Chapter IV. RESULTS AND DISCUSSION
Investigatory projects are projects intended to knowing discoveries in
Science. They are being researched, experimented and studied thoroughly. After
several attempts and activities, effects have been finally seen by the researcher.
This chapter presents all of the results of the researcher’s experiment, the further
effects seen and even the flaws that sprouted while the study was going on.
Based on the study conducted, the following results were observed:
The sound or voice activated setting-on device was possible. The
researcher was able to fulfill his objective. All of the materials were put in the
circuit with complete wiring and the device was just working. A sound or voice
activated setting-on device was real. It was successfully done by the researcher.
The setting-on device works when it hears a sound. The researcher tested
different sounds produced by different things – living and non-living – to detect its
efficiency and reaction to a sound-producing stimulus. Distance of source, and
the loudness, pitch and duration of sound were taken for granted. They were not
included to the testing of the device. Table 1, as seen on the next page,
summarizes the setting-on device’s reaction to varied sounds. Different stimuli
were used to test the device. The human voice, the dog’s bark, the cellphone’s
ringtone, the clapping of the human hands and the stamping of the human feet
were the sounds given to test the output. In the end, all gave a positive result.
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The setting-on device worked and the electronic object was turned on. Any
sound will do for the device to function.
Table 1. The setting-on device’s reaction to varied sounds.
Type and Source of Sound Setting-on device’s Reaction
Human Voice / Human Positive (The device worked.)
Dog’s Bark / Dog (Shih Tzu) Positive (The device worked.)
Cellphone’s Ringtone / Cellphone Positive (The device worked.)
Human Hands’ Clapping / Human Hands Positive (The device worked.)
Stamping of the Human Feet / Human Feet Positive (The device worked.)
The main control of the system was comprised by IC1, LM324 and a quad
OP-AMP IC. The sound detected by the microphone was fed to the input, pin 2,
of IC1 through C1 and R2 for amplification. The amplified signal was then passed
to the 2nd op-amp which was configured as a comparator through VR1. The
output signal at pin 7 was then passed to input, pin 3, of the next stage through
D1. An output at pin 4 triggered LED1 indicating that the presence of a signal
was passed on to the next stage through R9 and D2. The output from pin 8
triggered the driver transistor Q1 into conduction whereby energizing the relay
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“on”. As the detected sound faded, LED1 went “off” showing that no signal was
present. At this instant, LED2 remained lighted indicating that the relay was still
“on”. This delay was due to the stored signal at pin10 because of C4 which lasted
until the capacitor was fully discharged. VR2 allowed adjustment for a time delay
of approximately 30 seconds.
The setting-on device works for whatever appliance there can be. The
device lets this appliance to be turned on and function the way it is supposed to.
However, this fact depends on the voltage regulator, specifically on the amount
of voltage it can carry and the amount of current the circuit of the setting-on
device can bear. The voltage regulator’s maximum capacity was set to 12V. The
setting-on device was not made to exceed 5 Amperes. The circuit’s maximum
capacity for current was only up to 5 Amperes. Using the equation for finding the
instantaneous electrical power, P = VI, where P is the instantaneous or average
power, measured in watts (joules per second), V is the Voltage or the potential
difference, measured in volts, and I is the current, measured in amperes, the
power of the appliance loaded was found not to exceed 60 Watts. Hence, any
amount of power higher than said one might cause malfunction and the like.
Table 2, as seen on the next page, summarizes the different types of devices
and their reactions toward the sounds from the setting-on device. The 1st 4 types
of devices/appliances worked well. Since their power is less than and even equal
to the calculated one, 60 watts, the setting-on device functioned properly. The
said appliances turned and worked very well. Conversely, the 3 Blader Ground
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Electric Fan did not work properly. Though it set on, the movement of the blades
was unusual. Its power of 100 W was the reason of the malfunction, since it
exceeded the right amount of power. Appliances having higher amounts of power
could not work well. If such would still be loaded, not only failures would occur
but also danger.
Table 2. The different types of devices and their reactions toward the
sounds from the setting-on device.
Type of device/appliance
Power of device/appliance
Reaction toward
the sound from the
setting-on device
Dim Light 1 W SET-ON
Cellphone Charger 10 W SET-ON
DVD Player 13 W SET-ON
Reflector Light60 W SET-ON
3 Blader Ground Electric Fan
100 W
SET-ON; functioned the unusual way; movement of the blades was slower than the designed one
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The setting-on device was named as such and not as SWITCHING
DEVICE, because a switching device has a capability of setting an object ON
and OFF, while the setting-on device can only set or turn an object on, as its
name suggests. It cannot turn an object off through sound activation. It turns off
through manual manipulation. That type of device, known as a switch, requires a
different circuit which is a limitation already. The researcher does not deal on this
area anymore. He gives emphasis only on the setting on of an object and nothing
else but it.
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Chapter V. CONCLUSIONS AND RECOMMENDATIONS
Conclusions
Based on the study investigated, the following conclusions were drawn:
1. It was possible to assemble a sound or voice activated setting-on device. With
that, hypothesis number 1 is accepted.
2. Any type of sound from any source turned an object on. Thus, hypothesis
number 2 is accepted.
3. The type of electronic device did matter for the efficiency of the setting-on
device. Hence, hypothesis number 3 is accepted.
Recommendations
Based on the study done, the following recommendations were made:
1. Try making a switching device, not only a setting-on device.
2. Elements of activation may be further examined like LIGHT, FINGERPRINTS,
the RETINA of the EYE and many others.
3. A bigger voltage regulator may be used to access bigger appliances.
4. The circuit may be made to require a large amount of current.
5. A program may be applied to the switch to turn an object on, requiring a
password or a similar sound from what is originally recorded to access a
definite device. Activation of an object is not only through any sound, but
through a programmed sound to access that object.
6. Experiments on distance between the setting-on device and the source of
sound may be done. Longer distances may be further investigated.
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BIBLIOGRAPHY
Beiser, A. (2001) Modern Technical Physics. United States of America.Addison Wesley Inc.
Coppens, A. (2000) Fundamentals of Acoustics. United States of America.John Wiley & Sons Inc.
Electricity. Retrieved December 3, 2008. fromhttp://www.eia.doe.gov/kids/energyfacts/sources/electricity.html
Switch. Retrieved December 1, 2008. from http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Switch
Switching Devices. Retrieved December 1, 2008. fromhttp://www.switchingdevices.com/index.html
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Message:
Hi guys. I have here the soft copy of my Investigatory Project last year. I hope that this one will really help you a lot as you make your own research.
Kaya niyo yan! I hope for the success of each one of you. Good luck to your projects [not only this IP but also all those tough projects that you’ll be dealing with soon] and may God bless you all.
My WSOS family, always strive for the best!
Take care.
---- J o n a n