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Institute for Transport Studies, BOKU Vienna 1
Universitt fr Bodenkultur Wien
Department fr Raum, Landschaft
und Infrastruktur
Fut ure Challenges and Solut ionsin Traf f ic Management
Final Proj ect Sym posium TEMPUS I I I JEP Proj ect : I REI TEUI ntergration ofRoad Engineering I T-Technologies at Egyptian Universities
23rd of June 2009, Cairo
Gerd Sammero.Univ.Prof. DI Dr.Institute for Transport StudiesDepartment of Landscape, Spatial and Infrastructure SciencesUniversity of Natural Resources and Applied Life Sciences, Vienna,Austria
File: pers. Verz./Sammer/Vortrge/2009_06_23_Cairo/Vortrag_23_06_2009
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Institute for Transport Studies, BOKU Vienna 2
Structure
Introduction
Bus Priority Measure underHeterogeneous Traffic Condition
Parking Management Scheme for Private
Car Parks
Conclusion
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Definition
Traffic management =
Influencing of traffic (flow) and transportwith operational measures based on
defined goals
(without major infrastructure measures high cost-effectiveness)
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Types of Traff ic Management Measures
Traffic management of trafficinfrastructure (with and without ITS)
Travel information service
Mobility management for firms andcompanies
Travel behaviour change program
etc.
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Goal of Traff ic Management Measures
Influencing traffic to
improve the environment promote the economic
development
achieve a high social standardfor the whole population
sustainabletransport
development
Need of suitable evaluation tool(SDA = Sustainable Development Analysis)
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Example 1
Bus Priority Measure underHeterogeneous Traffic Condition
Results of phd-thesisof P. Vedagiri, Madras
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The Problem
Congested arterial roads inconurbation
no space for wideningno sense of widening
Two principle alternatives
underground new distributionrailway of road space
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Lane-Based Homogeneous Traff ic Flow
Vedagiri 2009
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Non-Lane-Based Heterogeneous Traff ic Flow
Vedagiri 2009
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Bus Lane for 14.5 m Wide Urban Road(Dual Carr iage Way)
Vedagiri 2009
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Example Bus Lane w it h Bus St op in Seoul
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Speed of Bus and Ot her VehiclesWith and Without Bus Lane, Road-width 14.5 m
other vehicles with bus lane
0
10
20
30
40
50
60
0 2000 4000 6000 8000 10000
vehicle / h
vehiclesp
eedkm/h
1000 5330 6650 7600 8550 9500
other vehicles without bus lane
bus with bus lane
bus without bus lane
Travel Time Saving of Bus and Other Vehicle Users
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-60
-40
-20
0
20
0 2000 4000 6000 8000 10000
vehicle / h
traveltime%
1000 6650 7600 8550 95005330
Travel Time Saving of Bus and Other Vehicle Usersin Comparison With and Without Bus Lane,
Road-width 14.5 m
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Example 2
Parking Management Scheme for
Private Car Parks
Results of a Research Study forthe Vienna Region
ITS, BOKU
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The Problem
Parking management and paid parking zones in publicspace very efficient traffic management measure
Problem: increasing number of private parking slots commuter car parks, car parks of shopping centresetc.
Two options of solution
congestion pricing parking management for
private car parks
O t i f k i t f
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Opt ions of park ing management measures forpr ivate car parks
1 Obligatory limitation of the maximum number of private parking slots for customers andcommuters
2 Parking space levy for operators of large privatecar parks20 to 60 /month, parking slot
3 Obligatory parking fees for customers (0,80 to1,80 /h) and commuters (20 to 60 /month,parking slot)
4 Maximum trip quotas in combination with mobilitymanagement for customers 20 to 200 cartrips/day,1000 m2 gross floor area, penalty
Behavioural React ion of Users of Cars for Shopping
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% o f r eact i on s at 1 .8 / h
2 0 %
3 %
2 0 %
1 %
1 1 %
1 5 %
2 5 %
5 %
3 6 % r e d u ct i o n of
shopp ing
t r i p s t o
p rev iousdes t i na t i on
1 6 % n ew
des t i -
na t i on
sample 65-67
0%
10%
20%
30%
40%
50%
60%
70%
80%
90%
100%
0,00 0,80 1,30 1,80
p ar k in g fee / h ou r [ / h ]
shareofcarus
ersforshop
ping[%
]
st i l l u se car
sh i f t t o ca r
shar ing
r educ t i on o f
shopp ing t r i p s
car use w i t h n ew
des t i na t i on
sh i f t t o pub l i c
t r anspo r t
new des t i na t i on
w i t h ot h e r m o d e
sh i f t t o f oo t
o t h e r s
Behavioural React ion of Users of Cars for Shoppingpurposes
obligatory pay parking schemes for schopping centres in Vienna
Change of Modal Split for Shopping Purpose
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parking fee / hour /h
Change of Modal Split for Shopping Purposeobligatory pay parking schemes for shopping centres in
Vienna
Opinion of Operators and De elopers
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50 % loss of imagedifficult argumentation to customers
100% refund of parking fee loss of control effect for traffic demand combination of OPPS with parking space
levy
90 % influence on decisions of location problem at boundary of zones with different
fee level equal treatment of all locations is important
Opinion of Operators and Developersobligatory pay parking scheme (OPPS) for shopping centres
Opinion of Operators and Developers
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73 % influence on the decision of location problem at boundary of zones with different
tax level equal treatment of all location is important
100 % passing the cost to customers
27 % jeopardizing of existing location of shoppingcentres
64 % reductions of number of parking slots
Opinion of Operators and Developersparking space levy for shopping centres
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Strong demand effects, mitigation of congestion
Recommendation for combined measuresOPPS + parking space levy
Recommendation for application
- in low density areas outside cities- increased graduation of levy dependent onincreasing car-orientation
Limitation of car trips for shopping centres- possible application in air quality redevelopmentareas
- further research needed
Recommendation
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Short term effects for shopping trips- Omitted trips (deduced traffic) up to one quarter consumer loss
- Change of destination for shopping trips up to onequarter weakening of shopping locations appropriate zones for shopping centres with
obligatory parking management measures? problem of fair competition for obligatory
zones with differentiated level of quota
Long term effectsStrong effect on location choice for shopping centres appropriate locations for obligatory OPPS
boundary problem? Further research recommended
At t ent ion of Not Negligible Side Ef fect s
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Conclusion
Traffic management very effective
Attention to not negligible side effects Cost-effective contribution for
sustainable transport policy
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Institute for Transport Studies, BOKU Vienna 24
Universitt fr Bodenkultur Wien
Department fr Raum, Landschaft
und Infrastruktur
Fut ure Challenges and Solut ionsin Traf f ic Management
Final Proj ect Sym posium TEMPUS I I I JEP Proj ect : I REI TEUI ntergration ofRoad Engineering I T-Technologies at Egyptian Universities
23rd of June 2009, Cairo
Gerd Sammero.Univ.Prof. DI Dr.Institute for Transport StudiesDepartment of Landscape, Spatial and Infrastructure SciencesUniversity of Natural Resources and Applied Life Sciences, Vienna,
Austria
File: pers. Verz./Sammer/Vortrge/2009_06_23_Cairo/Vortrag_23_06_2009