Julio Verne’s corner, Pune, India, 14 December 2010
ITU-T Jules Verne’s Corner 2010“Make Possible the Impossible”
Mitsuji MatsumotoWaseda University
The travel for Telepathy communication
(B to B communication)
Julio Verne’s corner, Pune, India, 14 December 2010
IntroductionEV using IWM was invented by F. Porsche around 1900.Wireless power supply using Magnetic Resonance and wireless power transmission technology were born around 1900. New innovative idea do not result simply. The current exciting technologies are based on the old idea. In general, in order for technologies to become popular, long time will be necessary. Sometimes the main technologies depend on the accomplishment of the peripheral technologies and well-appointed technical environment. This mean that we should look at the old idea or technologies againWhen we consider the future, we should find the seeds or eggs of technologies.
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How to get Information from BrainAt present Brain activities is measured by functional Magnetic Resonance Imaging (fMRI) or Near Infrared
Spectroscopy (NIRS) However can brain scans show
whether people are telling the truth? (by Mark Harris) This represents the location of brain activity. (Cerebral blood flow, etc.)This is not suitable for mechanismfor Telepathy communication.
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Information expression in the brain
What to measure is the activity of neurons and it’s neural networks.The main component for neural networks are
essence fluid brain, glial cells and neurons.
Brodmann's Cerebral cortex areas
Neuron CellSynapse
Synapse
Dendrite
Carlson(1998)
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Fundamental Structure for Neuron
When Neuron get Input signal through Synapse, the electrical potential change to 0 or + and becomes Spike (1ms) and transfered to the next Neurons. (SAP?)
Number of Neuron cell:1xNumber of Synapse/Neuron:Total Number of connection:1xSpan of Synapse :several 10μm
111043 1010
1510Synapse
Input
Output
Spike
Glutamate
Negative Neuron
Positive Neuron
Look at the Information Expression of Brain by Sakurai, 2008
Carlson(1998)
Neuron has a Large memory. So the Neuron Network looks like Ultra Large Scale LSI.Neuron NW is manifold for Combination of Neurons and Collaboration between them
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How to sence the informationFunctional Neuron Group for Specific Information Expression Hypothesis of “Cell-Assembly” by O.B Hebb (1949)(1)overlapping between Neurons
(2) Functional combination Dynamics
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How to detect the informationBMI/BCI
Electrocorticogram
Yodchanan Wongsawat;”Trends on Brain-Computer Interface (BCI) in Communications”, ITU Thailand
Neuronal Ensemble Activity
Electrocorticogram
Electroencephalogram
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Brain Sensing/Imaging Technologies: Why EEG?
MRI – only anatomical dataCT – only anatomical dataECoG – highly invasive surgerySPECT – radiation exposurePET – radiation exposureMEG – extremely expensivefMRI – extremely expensivefNIR – currently expensive, still in infancyEEG – safe, easy, no medical expertise
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EEG Recording
National Geographic, March 2005
NY Times Magazine, October 16, 2005
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Microsoft ”Ž® 3.0
Rhythms of EEG
EEG appeared 300 ms after rare event
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How to sense the expression information from the brain
How to get the spike signals from the brain (1) Extracellular Recording (2) Intracellular Recording
Screw
Enlargement
Stainless tube OD=200μm, ID=100μm
Tungsten wire BD=15μm・20μm Time ms
Spike sorting m
s
Sakurai 2008
Cranium
stick
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How to detect the information signalProblem 1: Spike Overlap issue Two adjacent spikes becomes active simultaneously or different spike were occurrence
Problem 2: each Neuron has different characteristics. Problem 3: Neurons are not always stable. Changing within short time
Adjacent Neuron separation
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Microsoft ”Ž® 3.0
Intracortical Recording Using Microelectrodes
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Microsoft ”Ž® 3.0
Signal Processing
Time Domain- P300- SCP- MRP- Spike Detection
Frequency Domain- Band Power- Synchronization
Spatial Domain- Automatic Electrode Selection- Laplacian Filter- Common Spatial Pattern (CSP)
- Independent Component Analysis (ICA)
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Conclusion
Microsoft ”Ž® 3.0
Telepathy communication service/system will need further study. However, BMI/BCI will be advanced hereafter 50 years. The solution will apply to Accessibility for persons with disable. Standardization of Telepathy communication are for further study Application
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We are jumping into 4 dimensional web from 3 dimensional networkCan you give us 2D Transmission instead of 1D transmission today
Can realize 2D or 3D Transmission system?Ex. Can Endoscope like Kintaro-Ame
Stick-Candy: Kintarou-Ame in Japan
Endoscopeoffer 1D signal