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Earth Observation Environment
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` Kazakhstan
- Introduction- Geography- Society- Economy` Agriculture- Overview- Agriculture Environment- Agriculture competitiveness` Agricultural projects- Country assistance strategy- Closed projects- Active projects- Key stakeholders & Implementing agencies` Conclusion` Recommendations
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` Official Name: Republic ofKazakhstan
` Government: Presidential Republic
` Capital City:Astana
` Administrative divisions: 14` Independence: 16 December,1991
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` Area: 2,724,900 Sq km` Land Boundaries: 12,185 Km (bordered by 5
countries & Landlocked)
` Continental Climate,Arid and semi arid
` High topographical variation
` Russia leases 6,000 sq km of the territory(Baikonur)
`
Natural hazards: Earthquakes & Mudslides` High Environment pollution
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` Population: 15,399,437 (July 2009 est.)
` Population growth rate: 0.392%
` Religions:
Muslim-47%, Russian Orthodox-44%, Protestant-2% & Other-7%
` Literacy : 99.5%
` Age Structure:
0-14 Years: 21.8%, 15-64 Years: 70.2%,65 Years & over: 7.9%
` MedianAge: 29.6 Years
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` GDP per capita : $ 11,500 (2008 est.)` GDP real growth rate: 2.4% (2008 est.)` Labor force: 8.412 million (2008 est.)` Revenues: $ 33.47 billion,
Expenditures: $ 36.23 billion` Industrial production growth rate: 2.4%` Exports: $ 71.97 billion` Imports: $ 38.45 billion` 1 U.S. dollar = 150.83 Kazakh Tenge
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` Agriculture contributes : 5.3% of total GDP
` Labor force: 31.5 %
` Virgin Land Campaign (1954)
` Major Products: Wheat, Cotton & Livestock` Agriculture Environment
- Land Use
- Land cover
- Topography
- Rainfall & Temperature
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` Arable land : 8% of land area` Permanent crops: 0.05%
` Other : 91.67%
` Agricultural land area: 222 million hectares
- Plough lands: 24 million hectares
- Hayfields: 5 million hectares
- Pastures : 189 million hectares
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` Land area
- 10% under forest-steppe and steppe- 60% are semi desert
- 5% highlands
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` Sea level- Highest point : 6,995 m
- Lowest point : - 132 m
` Area under water 47,500 sq km
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` Positive factors- Significant potential
(abundant land)
- Qualified labor force
- Stable macroeconomicenvironment
- Low cost of energy
- High public support to
sector
` Negative factors- Uneven climate
- Low water resources
- Higher cost of labor
- Access to new markets
- Unfavorable privateinvestment environment
- Currency overvaluation
Risk (Oil)
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- Preventing loss of competitiveness1.Agricultural Competitiveness project
- Enhancing competitiveness & private business
- Building a foundation for competitiveness1. Irrigation & Drainage
-Ens
urin
gs
usta
inab
le growth
th
rough
a
focus
on
the environment1. Forestry & Dryland Management
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` Dryland ManagementProject- To Develop Alternative land uses, rehabilitate ecosystems- To Quantify & monitor carbon sequestration- To Build & promote capacity- Implementing agencya.
Ministry of Natural resources & environment Protection
` Irrigation & Drainage Project (Phase 2 in pipeline)- To Promote sustainable irrigated agricultural production- To Introduce improved agricultural practices- To Strengthen irrigation and environmental agencies- Implementing agencya. Ministry ofAgriculture
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` Agricultural CompetitivenessProject- To improve agricultural products quality- Agricultural knowledge transfer- Institutional Development- Implementing agencya. Ministry ofAgriculture
` Nura river clean up project- To clean up mercury pollution level- To provide alternative source of water supply- Implementing agencya. State committee for water resources
` Syrdarya control & NorthernAral Sea (phase1) project (Phase 2 in pipeline)
- To sustain & increase agriculture & fish production- Secure the existence of NorthernAral sea (& improve the ecological condition)- Implementing agencya. State committee for water resources
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` GovernmentAgencies
- Ministry ofAgriculture
- Ministry of Natural resources & Environment Protection
- State Committee for Water Resources
` Scientific Institutions- National Center forSpace Research & Technologies
- KazGeoCosmos
` Private Organizations
- Gis-terra