Solar Observation Data Education in Classroom
Kentaro Yaji(National Astronomical Observatory of Japan) GHOU2015@ Honolulu, Hawaii, Aug 4-5, 2015
Contents
Why do we learn the sun?
What do we learn from the sun?
Hinode Satellite / NAOJ, the Solar Observatory
Cace Study: Classroom & Teaching Materials
Joint Observations with Hinode
Summary
Why do we learn the The Sun is the nearest star for us,
The sun give effects on us and our life.
The sun is a laboratory of plasma/magnetic fields
School teachers necessarily teach the sun in science class.
The public are very interested in solar activity.
sunspots, solar cycle, space weather, etc
Need other field researchers to understand our research
It is important to communicate solar astronomy.
Basic information -size, brightness, distance from the earth
structure
Temperature
Wavelength
Solar rotation
Variation & Evolution
What do we learn from the sun?
NAOJ, Solar ObservatoryI am working here since 2013
solarwww.mtk.nao.ac.jp/en/solarobs.html
Sorry, in Japanese
• Long Term Accumulated Data
1910 1930 1950 1970 1990 2010
1910 1930 1950 1970 1990 2010
コロナ緑色輝線輝度活動領域磁場活動領域Ha像
全面赤外線偏光観測全面像磁場Ha全面像Ca+K線像
白色光全面画像黒点スケッチ黒点相対数
系列2
系列1
Solar Observation in Tokyo Observatory/NAOJ
Graph show sunspot number(SIDC+NAOJ)
Photo Sunspot NumberFull DrawingsDisk White Light
Cromospheric CaKFull Disk Hα
Full Disk Magnetogram IR
Active HαRegion MagnetogramCorona Green Line
Historical Ca K Spectroheliograms Big sunspots in 2014, October
Sunspot Relative Number abd Butterfly Diagram
Solar Flare in Hα
๏ Science Class with Hinode data
๏ 31-Aug and 7-Sep, in 2010
๏ 33 Students @Junior High School
๏ They had much interests on Hinode data
Lecture about the sun
Solar Observations
Practice with PC
Teaching Materials(1) @Junior High school
Questionnaire survey after classroom
Yes
Yes
Could you understand well solar corona with use of Hinode Data?
Could you understand well sunspot with use of Hinode Data?
Questionnaire survey after classroom
Yes
Are these classroom difficult?
Yes
Do you want to take the classroom about the sun ?
What are you interested /impressed ?
Aug,31,2010
Sept,7m 2010
solar observation
prominence observation
Operating Makali’i
Teaching Materials(2)- University-
“Solar Terrestrial Physics”
In Department of Physics, 51 Students attended the lecture.
Lecture Contents
Hinode/Yohkoh’s Observation Results Solar Structures Solar Corona Solar Flare, Prominence, etc After this lecture,
Students report and summarizethe Lecture with this worksheet
Students’ Reports are very interesting in various comments.
I did every year when I worked at Univ.
Quiet RegionActive Region
これは4分割して撮影された画像を合成したものである。⾚赤く着⾊色された部分はコロナで温度は100万度以上である。明るい領域は活動領域で太陽黒点に対応している。活動領域はループ状をしており、コロナの磁場構造に対応している。活動領域以外は静穏領域と呼ばれ、その中にはX線輝点が多数存在する。太陽の南の極域にはコロナホールが存在している。
is X-ray Brightening
Coronal Hole
Model Answer
•Bright part is Corona in the image[43/52]
•Corona has Actice region [14/52] and Auiet region [4/52] .
•Every corona has loop structures [17/52], It may show magnetic stuructues[21/52].
•This pictures is superinposed with images devided into for ones [21/52]
✓Browing part seen arouund the sun is pirominence [14/52]
✓Browing part seen arouund the sun is solar flare [18/52] It is a good metoh to reflain the lecture with Hinode
image.
But the students sometimes misunderstand. We should Pay the attention
From Students’ Report
Practice in Saitama UnivSaitama University, Dept of Education
Earth Science Seminar(2015/6/27,7/3,10,17)
For Under graduate student, 3rd grade
Solar observation and its data analysis
Solar observation in visible light, Hα, radio
Data analysis with software Makali’i
Data download of solar data on NAOJ
Solar radius, Sunspot temperature, etc
Calculating Temperature from Sunspot brightness
This value show brightness of sunspot
Brightness of Photosphere
Educational Materials(2)- High School -Developed by N. Tokimasa, who belongs to public observatory
Calculating velocity of Prominence Material falling dawn
He instructed a student to this analisys and the students presented the astronomical meeting in Japan.
79�o£ÃÊÆÀ˵�X�¥P�¢P,#�����}�o£�79¥(}����s��79�o£�rçòòïÜÓÓ
ôôôÒíçãîÒæîÒéïÓ÷òîêèìãñãÓßÞxzyÓäãðòñâçèíîäåÒçòìë�O�+I«©Ë¾«�e�{¢v#�»uÅqw�
�<��;�¥��|��s�����j¥;����s
ÍÕÎßÞxzy� ¼u¸¥¹«ËÊu¾�¢sßÞxzy�Äu´� �r��Ö��ef�¼u
¸¥¹«ËÊu¾����s
ÍÕÎÑÖt§ªÉ²Áu��}���¹«ËÊu¾
ßÞxzy�Äu´� §ªÉ²Áu��}���r
¼u¸¥¹«ËÊu¾�¢�������s�JGN
��JZ5�`���|¢>*�cm�ef�
�s�JGN��JZ5���?d¥[p�¢]
j�{¡����r{ ����£ ¥P����]
j�{¡��s
ÍÕÎÑÖt¼u¸¥"0��¹«ËÊu¾
ßÞxzy�Äu´� ¼u¸¥"0����¹«Ë
Êu¾����s"0@!�U���¢¼u¸¥�
���¹«ËÊu¾�¢>*�cm��s
ÍÖÎÃÊÆÀ˵¥_6��¯µ��N-^ÍõÐöÎ¥JR�¢¹ªËÊu¾��àázy�H¥rÅ®È���àázy�H
�_6��r�H=��N�6�¢·Â½¥3�
�r5�������X�ÃÊÆÀ˵�h¢���
¯µ��N¥P���sP���HA�¯µ��
N¥r°¶É�[p��|���s
Í×αÇÂ¥/E�� �¥Y¢����N-^¥7.��n�b��r5��M
�¢X��±ÇÂ¥Cae%�Qe%��|�/
E���s
ÍØίµ��X¥'1�¢Y £�±ÇÂ� r+�Qe%�X��r��Cae%�X���si|�³ËÃÉ��F��rCae%�
VK�X�rQe%�V KT�X����|¢�}��s
��rCae%�X��VK�X�{¢����¥
6��|¢��¥'1���sÃÊÆÀ˵8��²
Ê¿�¯µ��)�ÃÊÆÀ˵�¯µ��X�g
2�S&�W��$K�¢����sVK�X¥�
�|¢�|}���r²Ê¿O�¯µ��\�{¢��
�BJ�£��s
��rQe%�¯µ������V KT�X�
¢��¥'1��|s��'~ £¢��rLk�:
p��¢l�X��sïëîò×Ö�|}ÂÈu«¬¨�±ÇºuÉ¥3��r¯µ�Qe%ÍöÎ��X�n�5�
b�¥±ÇÂ��r�¦��D��4�£¢��¥P������¤rçÝÑÔÒÕÛòÖÑÖÛÒÙòÏÚÕØÔÔÌ�|}�D��
4�£��s�e�l�X�rçÝÔÒÙæòÖÏóÔòÏõÔ�_�£����rÃÊÆÀ˵�¯µ�X��re�
(Tokimasa 2010)
Let’s Observe the Sun with Hinode!Joint Observation, simultaneously, with high schools, public observatories, museum and Hinode Satellite. [HOP173] EPO campaign observation mainly for high school students Objects
✴High school students who have solar observations are interested in Hinode Observation DATA, which are promoting that they compare their own data with Hinode data.
✴Developing teaching materials, Using for display in public observatories/museum
A proposal for education is at first in Hinode. Foreign scientists have high interests.
Schools/Facilities participated in 2014
Pref Schools/Facilities Continum Hα CaK other 21 22 23 24 25 26
Gunma Takasaki Girl High School ○ ○ ○ ○ ○Saitama Saitama Univ. ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○Saitama Urawa Nishi High School ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○Saitama Kawaguchi Sogo HS radio
Tokyo Toho HS/JHS ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○Tokyo Tokyo Tech High School ○ ○ ○Kanagawa Yokohama Science Frontia HS ○ ○Aichi Nagoya High School ○ ○ Osaka Akutagawa High School ○ ○Hyogo Mita Shounkan HS ○
Hiroshima Shudo HS/JHS ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○Hiroshima Hiroshima Johoku HS/JHS ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ MIyazaki Tsuno High School ○ ○ Saitama Kawaguchi City Museum ○ ○ ○ Ma ○ ○ ○ ○
What do you want to study/ What are you interested in this joint observation?
Velocity Variation of sunspot and prominence(T)
Motion Velocity of sunspot and Solar Rotation(S)
The differences how to observe by wavelength and its interest(T)
How precisely can draw sunspots in groundbased observation(T)
Solar Temperature variation by radio observation with BS antenna(T,S)
I want to give chance to look into observation data carefully wi the comparison with Hinode and their own data.(T)
Solar image by Other Joint Observers(F)
Compare X-ray iage and Sunspot image(T)
Compare how look in their own Halpha and Hinode(T)
Can we predict solar flare with Halpga groundbased observation(S)
Prominence/Filament Motion(T)
Sunspot evolution, Prominence Variation(T)
Solar Temperature Variation (T)
Sunspot・Sunspot Number, Plage(S)
After Before
Urawa Nishi HS
Hyogo Kenritsu HS
Measurement of Sunspot Temperature
Vertical Structure of Solar Atmosphere
Miyazaki/Tusno High School
Presentation by Tsuno High school in Cultual Festival
Hinode,X-ray
NAOJ,Hα
Tsuno,Hα
They compared their own Hα images with Hinode data and studied the relation between prominence and corona.
I get Kakenhi(Grant)Theme: Construction and Evaluation of Physical Program Based on Solar Activity Database
FY2015-2017
Developing teaching material and practice in classroom with solar activity database
Joint researchers are teachers in university and high schools
I would like to know how you teach/learn the sun in you countries. Please give me information about it.
SummaryIt is very important to use solar data and practice in classroom.
Now! Full of Big Solar Data are available .
Solar Satellite “HINODE”
Solar Observatory, NAOJ
We had various practice about the sun in the classroom.
After that, we develop and practice with use of Grant.
The First DVD ”The Sun Captured by Hinode ”
Released in 2008
Mainly for Educators to Communicate Hinode Data to the Public.
DVD Video part/DVD Rom part
Short(2m36s)/Long(16min) Movie
Introduction of Initial Hinode Observation Results
Containing Quiz regarding Eclipse/Mercury Transit
Full High Definition Movies(1920x1080) are contained.
English Version is also available.
If someone wants the DVD, please contact me.
Twitter(@naoj_taiyo) Twitter start since this June.
5400 followers
JAXA~180,000
NAOJ PIO~41,000
NAOJ ALMA~18,000
Daily Solar Image, Solar Events, Archive Data
Solar Telescope Workshop
This workshop is based on solnet ML and the first one was held in 2000. Since it, in 2001,2003, and 2012(last year!!)
Topic: Solar Observation, Review Solar ActivityLecture about the Sun,Various Practice at school and so on.
Astronomical Staff, School Teachers, Professionals, Amateurs
At first, the place for educators’study.Now, Offline Meeting! It will be held next year.
Communicating the Sun among Edu, Ama, and Pro.
Mailing ListSolar Telescope Mailing List(solnet ML)
Since 2000, I am operating as an administrator.
Public Observatory Staff ask communicating solar information.
Currently, 200 members : Astronomical Staff, School Teachers, Professionals, Amateurs
Topics: Solar Events(Flare, Prominence,Big Sunspot),Solar observation, Solar Eclipse,Teaching Practice, etc
As the Place of Good Communication, ML still continues.