Smart Space Applications Integration:A Mediation Formalism and Design for Smart-M3
Yury Korolev, St. Petersburg Electrotechnical University, Russia.Dmitry Korzun, Petrozavodsk State University, Russia.Ivan Galov Petrozavodsk State University, Russia.
The 5th conference on Internet of Things and Smart Spaces ruSMART 2012
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Agenda
• Ways of agents communication in the smart spaces.• Agents coordination mechanisms (the exchange of management information).
• Applications integration mechanisms (the exchange of computational information).
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IoT Architecture
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Smart-M3 Platform
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General Smart Space Platform
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Agents Communications CategoriesCommunication can be
• Point to Point – An agent talks directly to another agent.
• Broadcast– An agent sends some information to a group of
agents.• Mediated
– The communication between two agents is mediated by a third party.
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Whiteboard-based communications
• Making use of upper ontologies.• Agents interact indirectly through shared ontology.• Agents use the publish/subscribe mechanisms.
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Communication via mediator
• Problem of integration of applications processing multiple heterogeneous data sources.
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Integration of Smart Conference Systemwith blogging service
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Analogy with Qt signals and slots
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Analogy with Qt signals and slots 2
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The concept of mediation
),,( ρInS =
Meta Information. (For example, rules from an ontology or agents coordinations rules)
• Mediator is a kind of the context interpretator.• The interpretation is based on rules.
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What information should be passed?
Information can be:
• Managment– Events– Notifications
• Computational– Knowledge
Group control of the agents based on the interpretation of events.
Run time knowledge exchange.
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Rules for management information
(E1 ,E2 ,C )
CEE ,12 ←
Association rules can be constructed
automatically based on data mining techniques (Association rule learning).
- Association rule.
have_state(lighting, turn_off) :- left(?x, house), is(number_of_people_in_the_house,0).
– The owner left the house.– Turn off the lighting.– The house has no more people.
1E
2E
C
- Triggering event.
- Resulting event.
- Context.
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Problems
1. How to exchange heterogeneous computational information between the agents?
2. How to improve the performance of inference?
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Smart Space Applications Integration Definition
1. Smart space applications matching: process of establishing logical correspondences between elements of the source and target ontologies of integrated applications. As a result of this process integration scenarios are formed.
2. Run time instance mapping: process of mapping the instances, processed by integrated applications.
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Smart Space Applications matching
The expert must determine:
1. The events that initiate the process of integration;(<application_ID>,<notification_name>,<data_id>);
2. Input data for integration;SELECT *WHERE { ?person foaf:name ?name . ?person foaf:mbox ?email .}
3. Mapping rules to transform entities of the source smart space to entities of target smart space.'title'(postId, titleValue) :- 'Title'(presentationID, titleValue), generateUID(postId).
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Run time instance mapping
Ss is a source smart space; N is a data loading notification; P is a set of graph queries to the source smart space;T is a set of transformation mapping rules for the source and target smart spaces;St is a target smart space.
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Mediator specification
- source and target ontologies.
- notifications.
- source queries (one per notification).
- target queries (one per notification).
- source to target dependencies.
- a set of transformation rules (one per notification).
( )TDQPNOO ,,,,,, 21=µ
21 ,OO
{ }inN = { }ipP =
{ }idD = { }iqQ =
{ }itT =
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Integration of hierarchical information
• Need to establish a logical correspondence between integrable entities. • Or need to keep the history of integration.
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Integration of hierarchical information 2
• Need to establish a logical correspondence between integrable entities. • Or need to keep the history of integration.
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Transformation mapping rules types for computational information
• Production rules;• UIDs (URIs) generation;• Manipulations with
• numbers;• strings;• date and time;
• Integration of hierarchical information.
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Manipulations with strings
text = create_string('Speaker is %s (email: %s; phone: %s;).Presentation is available at: %s', is, email, phone, url);
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Mediator Architecture
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Mediator Activity Diagram
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The mediator has a decentralized nature
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Thank you for your attention
