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THE TRANSITION
METALS
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The Transition elements
Transition means an in between state and
the transition elements come in between
Group 2 and Group 3.
Sc Ti V Cr Mn Fe Co Ni Cu Zn
Y Zr Nb Mo Tc Ru Pd Ag CdRh
Hf Ta W Re Os Ir Au HgLa Pt
Rf Db Sg Bh Hs Mt ? ?Ac ?
H
Li
Na
K
Rb
Cs
Fr
Be
Mg
Ga Ge Se BrCa Kr
In Sn SbSr Te
Ba Tl Pb Bi Po At
Ra
Al P
N O
S Cl
F Ne
Ar
Rn
I
Si
Xe
He
B C
As
Gp 2 Gp 3
Transition Elements
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General Characteristics
They are less reactive
than Group 1 or
Group 2 metals.
They mostly form
coloured
compounds.
They have
high melting
points.
They have
high density.
Transition metals
are often referred to
as typical metals.
Transition
Elements
They often
act as
catalysts.
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Properties density
Similarities are more noticeable than differences
although there are still some broad patterns. They are all dense which is what we expect of
metals.
0
1
2
34
5
6
7
8
9
Density (g/cm-3)
Sc
Ti
V
Cr
Mn
Fe
Co
Ni
Cu
Zn
Sc Ti V Cr Mn Fe Co Ni Cu Zn
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Properties melting point
Melting points show no regular pattern other than
nearly all being high which is typical of metals.(Note zinc doesnt fit very well on either density ormelting point.)
0
200
400
600
8001000
1200
1400
1600
1800
2000
Melting Point ( C)
Sc
Ti
V
Cr
MnFe
Co
Ni
Cu
Zn
Sc Ti V Cr Mn Fe Co Ni Cu Zn
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Properties reactivity
Again it is similarities that stand out
rather than differences: they tend toreact relatively slowly (e.g.) with air,water and acid.
The general trend is to reduced activity
across the Periodic Table but again thetrend is far from perfect with zinc inparticular being more reactive than youmight expect.
Sc Ti V Cr Mn Fe Co Ni Cu Zn
General reduced reactivity
Rusting:
a slow
but
costly
process!
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Properties catalysis
A catalyst is a substance that speeds up a
chemical reaction without being used up. Catalysts are hugely valuable in industry
where they can save time and energy.
Many transition elements ( and theircompounds) are catalysts.
V
Ti
Used in plastic
manufacture
Fe
Ni
Used in oil
hydrogenation
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Uses
The three most commonly known transition
elements are iron or steel, copper and zinc.
iron or
steel
General
engineering
metal
copper
Electrical
and
plumbing
work
zinc
Galvanising
steel to
protect it
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Pair the metal up with its uses
iron or
steel
copper
zinc
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Pair the metal catalyst with the substance.
V
Ti
Fe
Ni
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Pair the statement about the transition
elements with the words.
The **** elements fitbetween group 2 and 3.
catalysts
They tend to be very**** reactive
Most are not especially *** colouredThey are all typical**** similar
They often form compounds
that are ****
transition
They often speed up
reactions by acting as ****
metals
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Which is a true statement about most
transition elements?
A. They are non-metals.
B. They are light (low density).
C. They are strong.
D. They are non-conductors.
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Which of these does copperNOTtend to be
used for?
A. Plumbing work.
B. Electrical work
C. Ornaments and jewellery
D. Tools
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Transition elements can speed up other
reactions without getting used up in theprocess.
What do we call substances that do this?
A. Capitalists
B. Catalysts
C. Catholics
D. Catapults
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Transition elements often form coloured
compounds.What colour compound does copperusually form?
A.Blue
B.Yellow
C.Red
D.Violet
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How would you describe the reactivity
of transition elements within thePeriodic Table?
A.Always more reactive across periods(left to right).
B.Generally less reactive acrossperiods (left to right).
C.No change in reactivity.D.Changes but no trends in reactivity.