LAB-ON-A-CHIP
Dinah Callender, RNThe Pennsylvania State University
Objectives Describe the lab-on-a- chip Describe the hardware used in the trend Review Software Define Axioms Review Criteria Describe Advantages and Disadvantages
Objectives Ethics and Legal issues Describe informatics nurse using the chip Summarize the lab on a chip
What is Lab-on-a-Chip
Instrument that integrates one or several
laboratory functions Only millimeters to centimeters in size
What is a Lab- on-a-Chip Few drops of blood needed to function Invented to perform blood analyses
Hardware used in Trend
Laptop or PDA Semiconductor Chip Special Camera Handheld device controller
Hardware
Semiconductor chip Made of
Silicon Glass Plastic Paper
SoftwareSome of the software used in the chips created by
Agilent Technologies are: Compliance solution RNA Solution Mass spectrometry software 2100 Expert Software
Software 2100 Expert Software for the Agilent 2100
Bioanalyzer -offers powerful data evaluation tools for all
available assays - automatic and manual integration - smear analysis and many assay-specific
tool.
Axiom Axiom 1- meets goal of user Axiom 2 the software allows for evaluation and
correction Axiom 3- needs to be determined.
“Global Health”
Clinical Information System Designed to collect patient data Improves care by making data accessible Patient-focused
Review Criteria This is a clinical information system Used by physicians, nurses, and pharmacist Enables documentation The Configuration utilized is point of care Data standard used is Healthlevel 7 (HL7) Disease and Procedure Classification System
(Northrop Grumman, 2010)
Review Criteria Nursing practice standards classification
scheme
Advantages
A decrease or no human mistakes Can find bacteria, viruses, and cancers Can extract DNA from cells Cost effective Small amount of blood needed
Disadvantages Chip is new on the scene Not yet mature People may be reluctant
Ethical and Legal Issues
Lab on a chip utilizes wireless communication Utilizes expert systems to develop diagnoses Raises concern about privacy and legal
responsibility Personal health information widely accessible
Competencies
Beginning nurse would be able to : Retrieve information obtains results from patient monitoring system Understands lab on a chip’s limitations
Experienced nurse Troubleshoots problems Places monitoring systems
Competencies
Informatics nurse specialist Will provide training programs Foresees impacts on staff and patients Makes lab on a chip user friendlyInformatics Innovator Develops sample trials Does advanced analysis
Informatics Nurse Provides the education on how to use the chip Show ways to troubleshoot any problems Research to create new knowledge Utilizes tools to maintain data integrity
Lab on a chip A mini-lab on a polymer chip Uses small volumes of blood/ fluid Fluids moved by pressure through channels Used for mixing, dilution, staining Detection on single integrated systems
References Agilent Technologies.(July, 2009). 2100 Expert
Software. Retrieved on March17,2010,from www.chem.agilent.com/enus/products/instruments/labonachip/2100bioanalyzer/smallrnaassay/
CBC News (2009, Oct.7). Breast cancer ‘lab on a chip’ developed. Retrieved on March17,2010, fromhttp://www.cbc.ca/health/story/2009/10/07/breast-cancer-chip.
Northrop Grumman (2010). Clinical Information System. Retrieved on April 17, 2010, from http://www.is.northropgrumman.com/by_solution/health_it/markets/health_cis/index.html
References
Insight:Lab on a chip (July 26, 2006). Nature. Retrieved on March 17, 2010, from http://www.nature.com/nature/journal/v442/n7101/full/442367a.html
Lab-on-a-chip. Retrieved March 17, 2010, from http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Lab-on-a-chip
Societal and Ethical Interactions with Nanotechnology (SEIN)-An Introduction (April, 2005). SOCIETY ETHICS_BAIRD VOGTTOSEND[1].Retrieved April 18,2010,from
http://arxiv.org/ftp/physics/papers/0504/0504007.pdf