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Chapter 10
Layout Planning:Process Layout
Charlene Ann Molina
Jean Carla L. Merino
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Layout Planning
Layout Planning is determining
the best physical arrangement
of resources within a facility
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Importance
Eliminates unnecessary costs for space and
materials handling
Reduces work-in-process inventory
Produces goods and services faster Reduces distances that workers must travel
in the workplace
Improves communication and morale
Increases retail sales
Improves brand image
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Types of Layouts
Process layouts: Group similar resources together
Product layouts: Designed to produce a specific
product, or a small number of products efficiently
Hybrid layouts: Combine aspects of both processand product layouts
Example: cellular layout
Fixed-Position layouts: Product is too large to
move
Examples: building construction, shipyard
Resources must be brought to where they are
needed
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Process Layouts
Used in project and batch manufacturing(intermittent processes)
Also used in department stores, offices,hospitals, and universities
Able to make or sell a variety of products
Use general purpose resources
Less automation than in product layouts
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Process Layouts (2)
Material handling costs per unit are higher
than in product layouts
Scheduling production is more complex than
in product layouts
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Designing Process Layouts
Step 1: Gather information:
Space needed, space available, importance ofproximity between various units
Step 2: Develop alternative block plans:
Using trial-and-error or decision support tools
2 approaches
Relationship (REL) chart
From-to matrix
Can use both
Decision support systems are heuristic methods
Usually give a "good" solution
Solution may not be optimal (best solution)
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Designing Process Layouts (2)
Step 3: Develop a detailed layout
Consider exact sizes and shapes of
departments and work centers including
aisles and stairways Tools like drawings, 3-D models, and
computer-assisted design (CAD) software
are often used
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Process Layout Example
Block layout for a sports medicine clinic
A
Radiology
B
Laboratory
C
Lobby &Waiting
D
ExaminingRooms
E
Surgery &Recovery
F
PhysicalTherapy
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Process Layout Example (2)
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Process Layout Example (3)
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Proposed Layout
Process Layout Example (4)
A
Radiology
B
ExaminingRooms
C
Lobby &Waiting
D
Surgery &
Recovery
E
Laboratory
F
PhysicalTherapy
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Process Layout Example (5)
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THE END
:D