Types of Merchant Ships
A ship – part 1
Basic vocabulary 1a1. You embark or disembark a ship by the
_________.
2.The __________is for letting the smoke out of the engines.
3. The opposite end of the boat from the stern is the _________ .
4.You can see the sea through the __________.
Basic vocabulary 1b5. I crossed the Channel on the ___________.
6. The 'Charles de Gaulle' is a __________ .
7. A __________ is the watertight body of a ship or boat.
8. A ____________is a boat designed for sea rescue.
Basic vocabulary 1a1. You embark or disembark a ship by the
GANGWAY.
2. The FUNNEL is for letting the smoke out of the engines.
3. The opposite end of the boat from the stern is the BOW.
4.You can see the sea through the PORTHOLE.
Basic vocabulary 1b5. I crossed the Channel on the FERRY-
BOAT.
6. The 'Charles de Gaulle' is a WARSHIP.
7. A HULL is the watertight body of a ship or boat.
8. A LIFEBOAT is a boat designed for sea rescue.
A ship – part 2
Basic vocabulary 2a Write definitions for the words below:
Radar
Pilot house (wheelhouse)
Upper deck
Capstan
Basic vocabulary 2aRadar: apparatus that detects objects through the use of microwaves.
Pilot house: a room in the superstructure containing navigation and steering equipment.
Upper deck: higher deck on a ship.
Capstan: vertical – axled winch that can be used to apply force to a cable, rope, etc.
Basic vocabulary 2bWrite definitions for the words below:
Hawsehole (hawsepipe)
Anchor
Bow
Bulwark
Flagpole
Boom
Basic vocabulary 2bHawsehole (hawsepipe): opening in the front of a ship for anchor cables
Anchor: a mechanical device that prevents a vessel from moving
Bow: part at the front of a boat that cleaves the water
Basic vocabulary 2bBulwark: protective rim of the upper deck
Flagpole: post used to hoist flags
Boom: post used to load and unload goods
ClassificationShips can be classified according to their
purpose:
I. Transportation of cargo or/and passengers;
II. Assistance and service (special purpose vessels);
III Catching of fish (fishermen);IV. Peace keeping (warships).
I. Transportation of passengers
Cruise linerPassenger linerHydrofoilHovercraft
Cruise Liner
Passenger Liner
Hydrofoil
Basic Vocabulary 3Write definitions for the words below:
Hydrofoil boat
Stern
Stack
Windlass
Basic Vocabulary 3Hydrofoil boat: high-speed ship which lifts above the water surface at speed
Stern: the rear part of a ship
Stack (funnel): conical shaped structure consisting of a shaft for ventilation and the passage of smoke
Windlass: horizontal– axled winch that is used to hoist an anchor
Hovercraft
Hovercraft
Basic vocabulary 4Write definitions for the words below:
Hovercraft
Rudder
Gearbox
Basic vocabulary 4Hovercraft: transport vehicle that moves on a cushion of air
Rudder: apparatus for turning the boat
Gearbox: device which reduces or multiplies angular velocity; it uses gears and gear trains to provide speed and torque conversions from a rotating power source to another device
Basic vocabulary 5Write definitions for the words below:
Navigation bridge
Container
Loading crane
Bulbous bow
Basic vocabulary 5Navigation bridge: raised platform from which a vessel is controlled
Container: standard sized boxlike object used for transporting goods
Loading crane: apparatus used to lift and operate cargo (containers)
Bulbous bow: a protruding bulb at the bow of a ship just below the waterline
Bulbous bow
I. Combined / mixed types
Passenger – Car ferryGeneral cargo shipRo-Ro passenger ship
Ferry
I. Cargo ships (freighters)Cargo ships/freighters can be divided into five
groups, according to the type of cargo they carry:
General Cargo VesselsTankersDry-bulk CarriersMultipurpose VesselsReefer Ships
General Cargo Vessels carry packaged items like chemicals, foods, furniture, machinery, motor- and military vehicles, footwear, garments, etc.
Tankers carry petroleum products or other liquid cargo.
Bulk carriercarries unpackaged bulk cargo (grain, coal,
ore, cement) in cargo holds
cargo in loose form
bulk cargo can be dense, corrosive and abrasive -> cargo shifting ; spontaneous combustion
Bulk carrier
Multi-purpose Vessels carry different classes of cargo – e.g. liquid and general cargo – at the same time.
A Reefer (or Refrigerated) ship is specifically designed and used for shipping perishable commodities which require temperature-controlled, mostly fruits, meat, fish, vegetables, dairy products etc.
Oil tanker (ULCC, VLCC)Chemical carrier LPG carrierLNG carrierFPSO (Floating production storage and
offloading)
Oil tanker (side view)
Oil tanker 1oil tanker = petroleum tanker
designed for the bulk transport of oil
Basic types:Crude tanker (carries large quantities of unrefined
oil from its point of extraction to refineries)Product tanker (smaller / carries petrochemicals
from refineries to points near consuming markets)
Oil tanker 2VLCC – very large crude carrier (200,000 –
300,000 dwt)
ULCC – ultra large crude carrier (> 300,000 dwt)
Chemical carrier= type of tanker designed to transport
chemicals in bulk
has separate cargo tanks - coated
LPG carrier
LNG carrier
FPSO
FPSO= floating production, storage and offloading
used by the offshore industry for processing hydrocarbons and storage of oil
hydrocarbons produced from nearyby platforms are received, processed, stored, offloaded
Container shipRo-Ro shipCar carrier Bulk carrier
Container ship
Container shiprapid growth of container transport
cargo can be transported from customer to customer
TEU (twenty feet equivalent unit)FEU (forty feet equivalent unit)
Ro – Ro ship
Ro-Ro shiproll on / roll off
wheeled cargo (automobiles, trucks, etc.)
ramps
II. Assistance and serviceHarbour tug; Ocean -going tugResearch shipSupplierDredgerCablelayerLASH shipHeavy-lift vesselIcebreakeretc.
Tugboat
Tugboathighly manoeuverable
powerful for their size / strongly built
CPP
Supplier
Supplier= supply ship
designed to supply offshore oil platforms
transports goods and personnel to and from offshore oil platforms
Grab dredger
Grab dredgerused to maintain or deepen channels and
fairways
LASH ship
LASH shipLighter aboard ship
has a flat main deck, without obstacles
loading and transport of barges (lighters) between inland waterways separated by open seas
Heavy-lift vessel
Heavy-lift vesselmoves vary large loads that cannot be
handled by normally equipped ships
semi-submersible
Icebreaker
Icebreakerhulls which are strengthened for navigation
in ice
reinforced stem
III. Fishing vessels (fisherman)TrawlerFreezer trawlerFishery factory shipWhale shipWhale factory ship
Trawler
Trawlerengaged in all-the-year-round fishing
must therefore be a strong, sturdy vessel able to work in the worst of weather
Freezer trawlercan remain at sea for many weeks longer
than this as the catch is sorted, washed, gutted and then frozen into about 40 kg-blocks and retained at a temperature of about -28°C, until port is reached.
Fish factorythe catch is not only cleaned and gutted, but
also filleted, skinned and processed ready for the market
IV. Warships (Man-of-war)peace-keeping vessels
equipped with a high-power propulsion plant