Europe and beyond: an appropriate scale forEurope and beyond: an appropriate scale forOpen Archives (repositories)
Paris, 2 April 2009Dr Norbert LossauDr. Norbert Lossau,
Director Göttingen State and University Library & Scientific Coordinator DRIVER& Scientific Coordinator DRIVER
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Topics
Why do we need repositories?R it d l t h d t d?Repository development: where do we stand?DRIVER: from local repositories to an international repositories infrastructureSome challenges - and initiatives to address themg(PEER, OAPEN, datatsets in „enhancedpublications“)p )The need for an independent International Repositories Organisation (IRO)Repositories Organisation (IRO)What you can do to promote the development ofrepositories in France
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repositories in France
2
The „Berlin Declaration“ requests…
F d t i t dFree and unrestricted accessto sciences and human knowledge representation
worldwide(October 2003)
Needs a global interoperable trusted long-termNeeds a global, interoperable, trusted, long termrepository infrastructure
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Repository Development: where do we stand?
“R h R i i i E• “Research Repositories in Europe: the 2008 DRIVER Inventory study”, Maurits van d G f ( b h lf f SURF DRIVER)der Graaf (on behalf of SURF, DRIVER)
=>…
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Research Repositories in Europe
TopicsG th t t l b d it tiGrowth, total number and situationContents, coverage and depositing T h i l i d t d dTechnical issues and standardsServices on top of repositories
Steady increase of number of Digital Repositories
Total of 280, yearly increase by 25-30Large part of universities in half of European countries
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Conclusions content, coverage and depositing
More flexibility in access formsTrend to more OATrend to more OAVersion of deposited full text articles
Trend towards depositing postprint stage Work processes for depositing
No harmonisationG i ( tl ) d t d itiGrowing (partly) mandatory depositing
32% in 2008, while 25% in 2006(Still) Coverage of a third(Still) Coverage of a third
33% of Researchers delivering in repositories 35% of Research output of an institution deposited
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Technical issues
Various technical issues 2008 2006persistent identifier 84% 75%persistent identifier 84% 75%
long-term availability secured 52% 73%
statistical data on access and usage 72% 70%
some form of subject indexing 86% 93%
author identifier 31% 33% locally developed
CDSwareDIVA Fedora
OPUS
ARNO Digitool
DIVA
DSpace
Fedora
GNU EPrint
iTOR
MyCoRe VITAL other
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t
Repository Development: where do we stand?
O DOAR h i i t f di it l• OpenDOAR – a comprehensive register of digital repositories worldwide− More than 1300 repositories listed
=>…
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OpenDOAR
Repository Typep y yp=>1072 institutional and177 disciplinary
Content Type=>815 hold journal articlesjournal articles, 318 Multimedia, audiovisualaudiovisual….69 datasets,
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27 software etc.…
OpenDOAR
=>Disciplines763 Multidisciplinary86 Science General…99 Health andmedicine…98 History andA h lArchaeology…75 Social Sciences75 Social SciencesGeneral
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DRIVER: The implementation ofa cross-country, repositoryinfrastructureast uctu e
DRIVER
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General Information: DRIVER II
Duration: 24 monthsBudget: 2.7 m EUR
cont…Univ. of Bath (UK)
Timeplan: 12/’07 -11/’09Main Deliverables:
Digital Repository Infrastructure
Univ. of Bath (UK)Univ. of Warszawski (PO)Univ of Gent (BE)Digital Repository Infrastructure
European Digital Repository ConfederationFunded by the European Commission,“Research Infrastructure” Unit FP 7
Univ. of Gent (BE)Univ. of Goettingen (GE)
Research Infrastructure Unit, FP 7Consortium Partners
Univ.of Athens (GR)
Danish Technical University (DK)Universidade do
Univ. of Bielefeld (GE)CNR-ISTI (IT)STICHTING SURF (NL)
Minho (PT)Narodna in univerzitetna knijznica
Univ. of Nottingham (UK)j
(SLO)
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DRIVER II activity areas and outcomes
Organization of Digital Confederation
Community Building &
Repository Infrastructure Providers DRIVER Portal &
H l d kCommunity Building & Support
D NET S ft
Helpdesk
Open Source Software
“European Information
D-NET Software
Digital Repository Infrastructure (Services & Data)
European InformationSpace”
Focused Studies & Demonstrators (e g “enhanced publications”)
Studies &Discovery
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Attribution Non-commercial ShareAlike 2.0 GermanyDRIVER Midterm Review Pisa 30 January
13(e.g. enhanced publications ) Discovery
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The DRIVER Portal
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15www.driver-community.eu
D-NET Software: DRIVER Network-Evolution-Toolkit
Version 1.0 released under the Open Source Apache License in June 2008; Version 2.0 scheduled for June 2009in June 2008; Version 2.0 scheduled for June 2009
The DRIVER Infrastructure Software includes:The DRIVER Infrastructure Software includes:Repository network administration software (such as the Repository Network Manager, Resource Monitoring)epos o y e o a age , esou ce o o g)Support service to local repository managers andaggregators (Validation Tool)gg g ( )Demonstrate end-user services(Search, Browse, Profiling)
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DRIVER Infrastructure
First implementation in operation: “European Information Space”Information SpaceMoved to production mode on the 20 June 2008Today 210+ repositories from 23 countriesToday 210+ repositories from 23 countries
S t th fSupports three groups of users:1.The repository manager2 Th i id2.The service provider3.The researcher, reader, public (demonstration of the
infrastructure)infrastructure)
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Repository Map
210harvested repositories p
23 countriescountries
1,000,000+ documents
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Service Open Infrastructure (SOI)
Functionality LayerUser Interface
ServiceRecomm.Service
CommunityService
on eet e
UserService
SearchService
Info
rmat
ioS
ervi
ce
Res
ulS
eS
ervi
ce
UserService
RepositorieOAI-PMHService
IndexService
BrowseServiceer eut
hne
StoreService
AggregatorServiceM
anag
Ser
vic
Aut
hz&
Au
Ser
vic
Text EngineService
Data Layer
ValidatorServiceEnabling
Layer
CollectionService
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yLayer
Service Map
9hosting nodes
25+ Functionality typologiestypologies(services)
36serviceInstances
3
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3applications: DRIVER Main, Belgium, Spain-Recolecta
DRIVER Admin (Internal) Control Panel I
Monitor repository landscape I
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DRIVER Admin (Internal) Control Panel II
Monitor repository landscape II
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DRIVER Admin (Internal) Control Panel III
MR Monitor
Reposi r &
Prtory D rocess
Data
s
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DRIVER Admin (Internal) Control Panel V
Chec
index ck repox profil ository
le upd y dates
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Interoperability: DRIVER GuidelinesChapter 1: Use of OAI PMH - Chapter 1: Use of OAI-PMH
- Chapter 2: Use of Metadata OAI_DC - Chapter 3: Use of Best Practices for OAI DCChapter 3: Use of Best Practices for OAI_DC- Chapter 4: Use of Compound Object Wrapping - Chapter 5: Use of Vocabularies and Semantics
Ch t 6 U f Q lit l b l - Chapter 6: Use of Quality labels - Chapter 7: Use of Persistent Identifiers- Chapter 8: Use of Usage Statistics ExchangeChapter 8: Use of Usage Statistics Exchange- Chapter 9: Use of Intellectual Property Rights
(IPR)
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DRIVER Guidelines in various languages
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Guidelines
From the inventory study:
Does your repository follow the DRIVER guidelines? n %
We do not know about the DRIVER guidelines 49 27.5
We know about the DRIVER guidelines, 32 18 0but do not follow them 32 18.0
We know about the DRIVER guidelines and (make every effort) to follow them 97 54.5
72.5% knows DRIVER Guidelines; 54.5% tries to follow them
(make every effort) to follow them
them
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Attribution Non-commercial ShareAlike 2.0 GermanyThis is as optional footer
How does DRIVER relate to international repository communities?
DRIVER sees it’s mission asDRIVER sees it s mission as Catalyst for a global repository infrastructureDevelop and maintain the European repository p p p yinfrastructure node
DRIVER liaises already with institutions and initiatives from the U S Latin America Chinainitiatives from the U.S., Latin America, China, Japan, India and AfricaDRIVER collaborates with eIFL, the library support organisation for developing countriesDRIVER liaises with the Object Reuse and Exchange (ORE) project and SPARC U SExchange (ORE) project and SPARC, U.S.
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Some challenges - and initiatives to addressththem
Filling repositories with contentFilling repositories with contentAutomated transfer from content to and amongrepositoriesrepositoriesOpen Access in the Humanities & SocialS iSciencesCombining publications and datasets „enhancedpublications“
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An introduction to:An introduction to:
F b 2009February 2009
Supported by the EC eContentplus programme
PEER Publishing and the Ecology of European Research www.peerproject.eu
Stakeholders in scholarly communicationStakeholders in scholarly communication
There are four key stakeholder groups:• Publishers• Researchers – authors and users• Libraries and repositories• Funding agencies
– All of the above stakeholder groups are represented within PEER, both within the consortium & an advisory board
– PEER will look at the effects of the systematic archiving ofPEER will look at the effects of the systematic archiving of ‘stage two’ outputs: the version of the author’s manuscript accepted for publication
PEER Publishing and the Ecology of European Research www.peerproject.eu
Purpose of PEERpPublishing & the Ecology of European Research
• Publishers and research community collaborate
• Develop an “observatory” to monitor the impact of systematically depositing stage-two outputs on a large scalescale
• Gather hard evidence to inform future policies• Gather hard evidence to inform future policies
PEER Publishing and the Ecology of European Research www.peerproject.eu
ObjectivesObjectives
D t i h l l d it f t t t t• Determine how large-scale deposit of stage-two outputs will affect journal viability
• Determine whether it increases access
• Determine whether it affects the broader ecology ofDetermine whether it affects the broader ecology of European research
• Determine the factors affecting readiness to deposit and• Determine the factors affecting readiness to deposit and associated costs
D l d l( ) t h h t diti l bli hi• Develop model(s) to show how traditional publishing can coexist with self-archiving
PEER Publishing and the Ecology of European Research www.peerproject.eu
Consortium & other participantsConsortium & other participants
The PEER consortium:The PEER consortium:• International Association of Scientific, Technical and
Medical Publishers (STM)( )• European Science Foundation (ESF)• Göttingen State and University Library (UGOE)
M Pl k G ll h ft (MPG)• Max Planck Gesellschaft (MPG)• Institut National de Recherche en Informatique et en
Automatique (INRIA)u o a que ( )Plus technical partners: SURF & Universität Bielefeld
With other participants including:• 11 STM publishers; Koninklijke Bibliotheek; Research
Teams and Expert Advisors from all stakeholder groupsTeams and Expert Advisors from all stakeholder groups
PEER Publishing and the Ecology of European Research www.peerproject.eu
Publishers at January 2009Publishers at January 2009
BMJ Publishing Group• BMJ Publishing Group• Cambridge University Press• ElsevierElsevier• IOP Publishing• Nature Publishing Group• Oxford University Press• Portland Press• Sage Publications• Sage Publications• Springer• Taylor & Francis GroupTaylor & Francis Group• Wiley-Blackwell
PEER Publishing and the Ecology of European Research www.peerproject.eu
ContentContent
• Participating publishers collectively volunteer 300 journals (Life Sciences, Medicine, Physical Sciences, Social Sciences & Humanities & other professional publications)Sciences & Humanities & other professional publications)
• Selection criteria– European content – 20% or greater– Quality – good quality, but reflecting a range by impact
f tfactor– Subject – wide range
• Publishers set embargo periods appropriate for journal
PEER Publishing and the Ecology of European Research www.peerproject.eu
User Involvement & FeedbackUser Involvement & Feedback
A thAuthors• Deposit their stage-two outputs• Participate in the behavioural research• Participate in the behavioural research• Representative authors participate in Author/User group
Repository Users• Participate in the behavioural researchParticipate in the behavioural research• Representative users participate in Author/User group
PEER Publishing and the Ecology of European Research www.peerproject.eu
PEER WorkflowPEER Workflow
OAPEN – Open Access Publishing in European NetworksEuropean Networks<Scientific Board Meeting Amsterdam 2009-03-02
The Consortium
Partners: Amsterdam University Press, Georg-A t U i ität Götti M T lAugust-Universität Göttingen, Museum TusculanumPress, Manchester University Press, Presses Universitaire de Lyon, Firenze University Press, U i it f A t d U i it f L idUniversity of Amsterdam, University of Leiden
Seven university presses as content providersSeven university presses as content providersTwo universities, as technology and research partnerAimed at Academic publishers in Humanities and Social Sciences Building a network around OA publishing for stakeholders within the academic communitystakeholders within the academic community
Expected ResultsPublication ModelPublication Model
OA funding model for e-books based on scientific studies(user needs publication cultures OA models)(user needs, publication cultures, OA models)Services and business plan for OA books and servicesContract for licensing contentAgreement for OAPEN partnerships
P bli hi Pl tfPublishing Platformdedicated to monograph content in HSS in all its dimensions (text, multimedia, data, reader interaction)supplemented by tools and services for e-publication, digital printing (PoD)digital printing (PoD),marketing and digitization
Networked Online-LibraryyAggregated collection of OA booksMulti-lingual search
Website: www.oapen.net
DRIVER – Enhanced PublicationsThe most important requirements for this demonstrator are: Cover multiple scientific disciplines. The enhanced publications for the demonstrator are chosen to cover typical material from the three scientificdemonstrator are chosen to cover typical material from the three scientific disciplines: a hebrew database from the Alpha-studies, measurements from the Beta-studies and survey data from the Gamma-studies. Use OAI-ORE. OAI-ORE, as suggested in the report about Object Models, and RDF are used to aggregate and serialize enhanced publicationsand RDF are used to aggregate and serialize enhanced publications. Display data. Data is too often just a compressed archive of files. This demonstrator should present the data behind a publication. Navigation. Users can browse through all objects of the enhancedNavigation. Users can browse through all objects of the enhanced publication. Identification. All elements of the enhanced publications are atomic and citable web resources that are identified by a persistent identifier. Sh i t l ti E h d bli ti t i tiShow interrelations. Enhanced publications connect existing resources. Seen from the other side: existing resources will connect two enhanced publication. Enhanced publications can create flocks of related research activities
www.driver-community.eu
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Attribution Non-commercial ShareAlike 2.0 GermanyLossau
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Technical issues
Is your repository technically prepared for Enhanced Publications?Enhanced Publications?
no but we have plans to prepare our repository
YESN b t
no, but we have plans to prepare our repository
no, no plans
46 1% 32 6%
No, butNO
21 3%
Metadata standards on the rise:
46.1% 32.6% 21.3%
DIDL, MODS and OAI-ORE
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The need for an independent International R it i O i ti (IRO)Repositories Organisation (IRO)
To build a collective, powerful international voice in ti OA it i d i tpromoting OA repositories and appropriate
infrastructuresTo make regional and national repository efforts visibleTo make regional and national repository efforts visibleon a global scaleTo create a network of expertise; broker & connect theTo create a network of expertise; broker & connect the people and stakeholdersTo help develop industry-like interoperability standardsTo help develop industry like interoperability standardsTo provide a seal for qualityTo support professional education for repositoryTo support professional education for repositorymanagersTo facilitate funding for repository infrastructures (for
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To facilitate funding for repository infrastructures (forbeneficiaries outside of the actual IRO)
Confederation or an International RepositoriesO i ti (IRO) t l iOrganisation (IRO) current planning
Initial stimulus by the DRIVER project(„Confederation“)Group of founding members prepares statutes, p g p p ,governance & finance model etc.Membership and partners/alliesMembership and partners/alliesWider call for participation goes out in thebeginning of Junebeginning of JuneLaunch scheduled for October 2009
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What you can do to promote the developmentf it i i F ?of repositories in France?
1. Build informed communities within France, ,address various stakeholders
2 Introduce OA-components in your licencing2. Introduce OA components in your licencingagreements with publishers
3 Support technical interoperability3. Support technical interoperability4. Connect to international initiatives, e.g.
1. As (founding) member in the upcoming International Repositories organistion
2 Th h ti ti i ti i th i t ti l O2. Through active participation in the international Open Access and repositories infrastructure development(cf OpenAIRE proposal to the EC)
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(cf. OpenAIRE proposal to the EC)
Thank you for yourattention!
Photos: Ronald Schmidt GöttingenSchmidt, Göttingen
Contact: [email protected]
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@ g g