LHC Sector Test
Mike Lamont
LHC sector test - MAC June 07 214/6/2007
Outline
Overview Motivation Pre-requisites/preparation Tests with beam Organisation Conclusions
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TI8 – injection L8 – LHCb - arc 7-8 – IR7 2 weeks with beam Close sectors 8-1, 7-8 and 6-7 Beam
Pilot Beam for the most part: single bunch of 5 - 10 x 109 protons
Total intensity: 3 x 1013 protons - comparable with one nominal
intensity LHC extraction from the SPS
TI8 – injection L8 – LHCb - arc 7-8 – IR7 2 weeks with beam Close sectors 8-1, 7-8 and 6-7 Beam
Pilot Beam for the most part: single bunch of 5 - 10 x 109 protons
Total intensity: 3 x 1013 protons - comparable with one nominal
intensity LHC extraction from the SPS
Overview…
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Injection
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Triplets & LHCb
Aiming for minimal losses in LHCb
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Sector 7-8
X 23
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IR7 layout1. Intercept the beam with the three TCP’s and with the TCSG’s 2. Invert the polarity of D33. Switch OFF all the quadrupoles
Nominal orbit
D3 OFF
D3 inverted
Stefano RaedelliRalph Assmann
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Intercepting the beam with the TCP’s
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IR7
Three TCPs closed “smartly”, D3 in opposite polarity, quadrupoles off All beam particles interact with >1m of C (typical=1.8m; max=3m) Additional protection from the next secondary collimators
EM showers are expected to be absorbed by MBW and MQW yokes (no issues for magnet). Detailed estimates should confirm that.
Minimum impact on the machine: - D3 polarity change (cable). - Lock collimators in position - Local activation - simulations to be performed.
Motivation
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Integration Full test of a majority of subsystems over more than
one eighth of the ring
Allows staged approach to the full problem space
Time to fully resolve problems before the real thing Analysis, improvements, resolution, adjustment
The lessons learnt will reduce the time needed for full commissioning
Buys breathing space if there are any serious problems
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Integration & commission with beam:
Full-blown system wide integration testFull-blown system wide integration test
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Beam – the ultimate diagnostic
Polarity of magnetic elements Aperture in the cold machine Response of key beam instrumentation Magnet field quality
"What like a bullet can undeceive?" Herman Melville
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Milestone
Machine Protection Controls++ Magnets (model etc.) Beam Instrumentation BT: Kickers, Septa, TDI Collimation Radiation Protection Access Operations Hardware Commissioning
Required circuits
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IR8RQ5.R8 Q5 quadrupole
RQ4.R8 Q4 quadrupole
RD2.R8 D2 recombination dipole
RD1.R8 D1 recombination dipole
RQX.R8 Inner triplet
RQX.L8 Inner triplet
RD1.L8 D1 recombination dipole
RD2.L8 D2 recombination dipole
RQ4.L8 Q4 quadrupole
RQ5.L8 Q5 quadrupole
RQ6.L8 MQM MQML
Plus dipole correctors
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DS left IP8
RQ7.L8 2*MQM
RQ8.L8 MQML
RQ9.L8 MQM MQMC
RQ10.L8 MQML
RQTL11.L8B2 MQTLI
RQT12.L8B2 MQT
RQT13.L8B2 MQT Plus dipole correctors
• Item: Two lips, indifferent red
• Item: Two grey eyes with lids to them
• Item: One neck, one chin, and so forth.
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CircuitsNumber of circuits
Priority
Main bends MB RB.A78 1 1
Main quads MQ RQF, RQD 2 1
Skew quads MQS RQS [B2] 1 1
Trim quads MQT RQTF,RQTD [B2] 2 1
Orbit correctors MCB RCB [B2] 23 H & 24 V 1
Lattice sextupoles MS RSF,RSD [B2] 4 2
Lattice octupoles MO ROD, ROF [B2] 1 3
Skew sextupoles MSS RSS [B2] 1 3
b3 spool MCS RCS [B2] 1 3
b4 spool MCO RCO [B2] 1 3
b5 spool MCD RCD [B2] 1 3
Arc 7-8
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DS/LSS - right of 7
RQT13.R7B2 QT
RQT12.R7B2 QT
RQTL11.R7B2 QTLI
RQTL10.R7B2 QTLI
RQTL9.R7B2 QTLI
RQTL8.R7B2 QTLI
RQTL7.R7B2 QTLI
RQ6.R7B2 6* QTLH
Q7,Q8,Q10,Q11: one MQTL alongside the MQ quadrupole
Q9: two MQTLs
Plus dipole correctors
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Required circuits
To get beam through sector 78, the main circuits listed above are required to be commissioned to 450 GeV.
For limited recycling, it would be preferable for listed circuits to be available to, say, the equivalent 1 TeV level.
• Beam 2 Circuits only
• Circuits commissioned to 450 GeV+ only
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Other systems Injection elements: septa, kickers Collimators Machine Protection Beam Instrumentation:
BPMs, BLMs, BTV, BCT, BST Magnet Model:
Transfer functions, harmonics Controls Software/tools Access system Radiation Protection Radiation Monitoring Optics, aperture model
Sector Test is another progressive milestone to be
used for testing key functionality
Work in progress but most of this is in good shape.
Effort in these areas is essentially orthogonal to HWC.
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Access Sector 6-7.
Interlocked gate right of IP 6 Point 7 (PM76)
Access system operational. Point 8 (PM85)
Access point fully operational. PZ85
Interlocked door in shielding wall Sector 1-8:
Interlocked gate left of IP 1
Sector 6-7. Interlocked gate right of IP 6
Point 7 (PM76) Access system operational.
Point 8 (PM85) Access point fully operational.
PZ85 Interlocked door in shielding wall
Sector 1-8: Interlocked gate left of IP 1
Final Configuration
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Radiation Protection All major installation will have finished and access to the
zones affected after the test will be limited. Dose maps for collimators in IR7 to be carefully evaluated. Given analysis, and measurements during and after the
test, it is envisaged that: Certain areas might be declared controlled areas for the first few
days after the test; Thereafter these areas would join the rest of the sectors involved
as supervised areas LHCb remains an undesignated area
Traceability restrictions come into force Need for additional RP instrumentation to be evaluated.
Work in progress. NB amount of beam is minimal.
Beam
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1. Commission injection region
Steer into ring, onto TDI Check instrumentation, septa, kickers, aperture…
D2BTVSS
Q5
Jan Uythoven
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2. Thread to IR7
Commission trajectory acquisition and correction
Thread beam
Jorg Wenninger
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3. Linear optics measurements
Trajectory response using correctors and BPMs BPM + corrector polarity and calibration errors Phase, coupling
Dispersion measurement with p and BPMs Betatron matching measurement with BTVs
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4. BLM system tests
Get the system up and running, recording losses Prior calibration with source: expect reasonable numbers Acquisition & display of beam losses Some crosstalk studies possible (in principle ‘beam 1’ monitors
available…)
Bernd Dehning
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5. Aperture measurement
First iteration : oscillation from 2 correctors at 90º to probe ‘all’ phases
Second iteration if needed/time : bumps (local anomalies, specific regions)
-20
-15
-10
-5
0
5
10
15
20
1500 1750 2000 2250 2500 2750 3000 3250 3500 3750 4000 4250 4500 4750 5000 5250 5500 5750 6000S [m]
Ns X aperture
TI 8 and sector 7-8 V-aperture and 8 s oscillationMSI
Brennan Goddard
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6. Momentum Aperture
Transmission vs momentum offset by changing SPS RF frequency
Re-scale TI 8 to new momentum
-0.03
-0.02
-0.01
0
0.01
0.02
0.03
1500 1750 2000 2250 2500 2750 3000 3250 3500 3750 4000 4250 4500 4750 5000 5250 5500 5750 6000
S [m]
x [m
]
X
p/p = 0.004 (1mn)
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7. Field quality checks Kick-response and trajectory analysis LOCO – might be able to get a handle on average a2, b2
and b3 field errors of MBs, b2 of MQs Possibly extend method to check multipole corrector polarities (possibly via
strong excitation))
MB b3 field error effect (mean -9.6 units, rms 1.4 units). H trajectory change for 40 rad H kick (top) and 40 rad V kick (bottom) Jorg Wenninger
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8. Effects of magnetic cycle
Machine reproducibility and persistent current effects at injection for reduced pre-cycle
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Quenches with beam motivation:
- safe and efficient operation
- avoid quenches and damage
Controlled, well defined tests to establish:Controlled, well defined tests to establish:Absolute quench limitsBLM threshold values Model and understanding of correlation of loss pattern, quench level, BLM signals
Test important for efficient commissioning of BLM system with circulating beam
9. Quench limits and BLM response
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Other possibilities… 10. Energy offset versus time on flat bottom 11. Transfer line collimation studies 12. Injection projection studies 13. Separation and crossing angle bumps
Injecting onto vertical separation bump Bump closure, induced dispersion, aperture
14. Commission multi-bunch injection
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Priority Duration Intensity # shots Intensityh p+ p+
1End TI8, Injection Steering, commission BDI, timing
1 24 5E+09 500 2.5E+12
2Trajectory acquisition commissioning, trajectory correction, threading, energy
1 24 5E+09 500 2.5E+12
3Linear Optics from kick/trajectory, coupling, BPM polarity checks, corrector polarity checks
1 12 1E+10 400 4.0E+12
4 Check BLM system 1 6 5E+09 100 5.0E+11
5 Aperture limits, acceptance 1 18 5E+09 1000 5.0E+12
6 Momentum aperture 1 6 5E+09 100 5.0E+11
7 Field errors (high statistics) 2 12 2E+10 200 4.0E+12
8 Determination of quench level - calibrate BLMs 1 36 2E+11 20 4.0E+12
9Effects of magnetic cycle, variations during decay, reproducibility
1 24 5E+09 300 1.5E+12
10 Energy offset versus time on FB 2 12 3E+10 100 3.0E+12
11 Transfer line collimation studies - TCDI 2 6 5E+09 800 4.0E+12
12 Injection protection studies - TDI 2 6 5E+09 800 4.0E+12
13IR bumps, aperture, separation, crossing angle bumps
3 6 5E+09 100 5.0E+11
TOTAL 192 4920 2.6E+13 On to TCPDAYS 8 6.5E+12 On to TDI
4.0E+12 On to TCDI
Beam tests - summary
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Near test schedule
Phase Time
Sector checkout, interlock & machine protection tests etc.
Tstart - 2 weeks
Close sectors 6-7, 7-8, 8-1 Tstart– 3 day
Access system tests & qualification Tstart – 2 day
Beam to end TI8 Tstart – 1 day
Tests with beam 2 weeks
Radiation survey Tend + 1 day
Establish supervised areas Tend + 2 day
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Schedule
.
.
Operation testing of available sectors
12 23 34 45 56 67 78 81
Machine Checkout
Beam Commissioning to 7 TeV
Consolidatio
n
Interconnection of the continuous cryostat
Leak tests of the last sub-sectors
Inner Triplets repairs & interconnections
Global pressure test &Consolidation
Flushing
Cool-down
Warm up
Powering Tests
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Impact 1/2
Given the state of installation, the sector test should have minimal impact on transport, interconnection work etc.
Deliberately chosen solution in IR7 which avoids additional interventions
Restricted access to sectors 8-1, 7-8, 6-7 during beam tests ~ 14 days
7-8 and injection region part of 8-1 become supervised areas after test (film badge etc.)
Work/Commissioning can clearly continue in other sectors during the test
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Impact 2/2
Sector test makes clear demands on: what is needed to be cold on what is needed to be hardware commissioned and to what level
Cryogenics, QPS, HWC support required during test
Could take time out of HWC program HWC would have to stop in 7-8 during test
Test preparation, other than cold mass, largely orthogonal to HWC
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DetailsSector test with beam
Overview, motivation and scheduling Mike Lamont
Proposed tests with beam Brennan Goddard
Magnet quenches with beam Alex Koschik
Beam Instrumentation Lars Jensen
Magnet requirements Luca Bottura
Controls requirements Robin Lauckner
Sector test preparation Chair: Pierre Strubin
Planning Esther Barbero Soto
Global Hardware Status Miguel Jimenez
Layout in LSS7 Jan Uythoven
Hardware Commissioning Roberto Saban
State of LHCb for the test Massimiliano Ferro-Luzzi
Radiation Issues Helmut Vincke
Access system Pierre Ninin
Team in place which is examining implications,
requirements and details of planned
beam tests
Chamonix 2006
http://cern.ch/lhc-injection-test/
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Conclusions
A sector test is surely a very useful exercise Undoubtedly speed full commissioning
It could prove to be a vital exercise If any major problems are uncovered
Requirements have clearly stated and are being addressed
Planned beam tests have been detailed
The potential impact would be minimal. Machine as is or as will be. Work carries on elsewhere. However, for the test to take place this year (if the schedule
allows) Hardware Commissioning would have to be tailored to provide necessary circuits to the necessary level.
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Acknowledgements Magnets Luca Bottura Beam Instrumentation Rhodri Jones, Lars Jensen, Stephen Jackson Injection Brennan Goddard, Jan Uythoven Radiation Protection Doris Forkel-Wirth, Helmut Vincke INB Ghislain Roy Access Pierre Ninin LHCb Rolf Linder HWC Roberto Saban & team Installation Katy Foraz Planning Esther Barbero Soto Vacuum Paul Cruikshank, Miguel Jimenez Controls Robin Lauckner ++ OP/AP Roger Bailey, Verena Kain, Massimo
Giovannozzi, Stephane Fartoukh, Helmut Burkhardt, Alex Koshick, Stefano Raedelli, Ralph Assmann, Frank Zimmerman… and the rest of the commissioning team.