Light TreeLight Tree
Presented By:Presented By:
Jitendra YadavJitendra Yadav
11BCAA4611BCAA46
Index IntroductionIntroduction
History History
DefinitionDefinition
Need For TechnologyNeed For Technology
ApplicationApplication & & FunctionalityFunctionality
Requirement of TechnologyRequirement of Technology AdvantagesAdvantages and and DisadvantagesDisadvantages
Future enhancement Future enhancement
ConclusionConclusion
ReferencesReferences
TreeTree
IntroductionIntroduction
o The concept of light tree is introduced in a wavelength routed optical network which employs wavelength -division multiplexing (WDM).
o Point to multipoint
o Enables single-hop communication
o Increases the network throughput.
Light TreeLight Tree
HistoryHistory
o The concept was first published in 1978, and by 1980 WDM The concept was first published in 1978, and by 1980 WDM systems were being realized in the laboratory. The first systems were being realized in the laboratory. The first WDM systems combined only two signals. Modern systems WDM systems combined only two signals. Modern systems can handle up to 160 signals and can thus expand a basic can handle up to 160 signals and can thus expand a basic 10 10 Gbit/sGbit/s system over a single fiber pair to over 1.6 system over a single fiber pair to over 1.6 Tbit/sTbit/s..
o WDM systems are popular with WDM systems are popular with telecommunications companiestelecommunications companies because they allow them to because they allow them to expand the capacity of the network without laying more expand the capacity of the network without laying more fiber. By using WDM and fiber. By using WDM and optical amplifiersoptical amplifiers, they can , they can accommodate several generations of technology accommodate several generations of technology development in their optical infrastructure without having to development in their optical infrastructure without having to overhaul the backbone network. Capacity of a given link can overhaul the backbone network. Capacity of a given link can be expanded simply by upgrading the multiplexers and be expanded simply by upgrading the multiplexers and demultiplexers at each end.demultiplexers at each end.
Light TreeLight Tree
DefinitionDefinition
The concept of light tree is introduced in a wavelength routed optical network, which employs wavelength-division multiplexing(WDM).
Depending on the underlying physical networks
1) First Generation2) Second Generation3) Third Generation
Light TreeLight Tree
What is a Light Tree?What is a Light Tree?
A light tree is a point to point multipoint all optical channel, which may span multiple fiber links. Hence, a light tree enables single-hop communication between a source node and a set of destination nodes. Thus, a light tree based virtual topology can significantly reduce the hop distance, thereby increasing the network throughput.
Light TreeLight Tree
Light PathLight Path
A light path is an all-optical channel, which may be used to carry circuit switched traffic and it may span multiple fiber links. Assigning a particular wavelength to it sets these up.
A major objective of light path communication is to reduce the number of hops a packet has to traverse.
Light TreeLight Tree
Need Of Technology Need Of Technology
Data Security
Ease of installation
Eliminating Spark Hazards
High Bandwidth over Long Distances
Light TreeLight Tree
ApplicationsApplications
Teleconferencing
Videoconferencing
Internet NEWS distribution
Internet television etc..
Light TreeLight Tree
Teleconferencing Videoconferencing
Light TreeLight Tree
Internet NEWS distribution
Internet television
Light TreeLight Tree
Functionality Functionality
Unicast TrafficUnicast Traffic
Broadcast TrafficBroadcast Traffic
Multicast TrafficMulticast Traffic
Light TreeLight Tree
Unicast TrafficUnicast TrafficLight TreeLight Tree
Unicast TrafficUnicast TrafficLight TreeLight Tree
Unicast Traffic(contd.)Unicast Traffic(contd.)Light TreeLight Tree
Broadcast TrafficBroadcast TrafficLight TreeLight Tree
Multicast TrafficMulticast TrafficLight TreeLight Tree
Combining Unicast and Multicast Combining Unicast and Multicast TrafficTraffic
Light TreeLight Tree
Requirements
o Multicastcapable wavelength routing switches (MWRS) at every node in the network.
o More optical amplifiers in the network. This is because if we make n copies of an optical signal by using one or more optical splitters, the signal power of at least one copy will be less than or equal to 1/n times the original signal power; thus more amplifiers may be required to maintain the optical signal power above a certain threshold so that the signal can be detected at their receivers.
Light TreeLight Tree
ARCHITECTURE OF WAVELENGTH-ROUTED OPTICAL NETWORK
Light TreeLight Tree
MULTICAST SWITCH ARCHITECTURES
Light TreeLight Tree
Advantages Advantages
Data Security
Ease of installation
Eliminating Spark Hazards
High Bandwidth over Long Distances
Light TreeLight Tree
Disadvantages Disadvantages
Price
Fragility
Opaqueness
Requires special skills
Light TreeLight Tree
Future
o. In the future, as multicast applications become more popular and bandwidth intensive, there emerges a pressing need to provide multicasting support on WANs.
Light TreeLight Tree
ConclusionConclusionRecently, there has been a lot of interest in WDM based fiber optic networks. In fact, there is a general consensus that, in the near future, WANs will be based on WDM optical networks. So far, all architectures that have been proposed for WDM WANs have only considered the problem of providing unicast services. In addition to unicast services future WDM WANs need to provide multicast and broadcast services. A novel WDM WAN architecture based on light trees that is capable of supporting broadcasting and multicasting over a wide-area network by employing a minimum number of opto-electronic devices was discussed. Such WDMWAN can provide a very high bandwidth optical layer, which efficiently routes unicast, broadcast and multicast packet-switch traffic.
References
http://www.usdavis.edu
http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Traffic_Light_tree
http://www.slideshare.net/priyakrish792/light-tree-26890046
http://www.seminarsonly.com/IT/light%20tree.php
Thank YouThank You