Long Term Development PlanLong Term Development Plan
Alpine SkiingAlpine Skiing
Fundamental – Train To Win PlanFundamental – Train To Win Plan
Current Grouping by Age in Current Grouping by Age in CanadaCanada
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NG K star K1 K2
FISJ1 J2 SR
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NG K1 K2
FIS
J1 J2 SR
Training phases in Canada - AIMTraining phases in Canada - AIM
Fun. L2T T2T T2C T2W
K star
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NG K star K1 K2 J1 J2 SR
neural general reproductive
FIS
Influences of Influences of maturation...maturation...
……just a few!!just a few!!
PHV of average maturing malePHV of average maturing male
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NG K star K1 FIS
J2 SR
Fun. L2T T2T T2C T2W
12
10
8
6
4
2
K2 J1
age
cm
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NG K star K1 FIS
J2 SR
Fun. L2T T2T T2C T2W
12
10
8
6
4
2
K2 J1
ABCMotor Co
Anaerobic
aerobic
strength
weight
cm
age
Opportunities of optimum Opportunities of optimum developmentdevelopment
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NG K star K1 FIS
J2 SR
Fun. L2T T2T T2C T2W K
2 J1
Athlete is in the T2T phase until PHV curve is low.In this example, T2T is until age 16, moving T2C phase to 20
ABCMotor Co
strength
weight
12
10
8
6
4
2
Age
cm
aerobic
Anaerobic
Adapting the ‘Train to Train’ phaseAdapting the ‘Train to Train’ phase
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NG K star K1 FIS
J2 SR
Fun. L2T T2T T2C T2W K
2 J1
ABCMotor Co
strength
weight
12
10
8
6
4
2
Age
aerobic
Anaerobic
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NG K star K1 FIS
J2 SR
Fun. L2T T2T T2C T2W K
2 J1
ABCMotor Co
strength
weight
12
10
8
6
4
2
Age
aerobic
Anaerobic
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NG K star K1 FIS
J2 SR
Fun. L2T T2T T2C T2W K
2 J1
ABCMotor Co
Anaerobic
aerobic
strength
weight
12
10
8
6
4
2
cm
On snow:
Skill introduction, basic technical skills (stance, balance, timing, coordination, edging, steering), various terrain (bumps, jumps, powder, limited gate training), 1-2 days/week (12 weeks), FUN!
Off snow:
Cross training, year round multi-sport participation, ABC development, FUN!
Nutrition: educate parents
Equipment: good quality, not necessarily high end
CLUBCLUB
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NG K star K1 FIS
J2 SR
Fun. L2T T2T T2C T2W K
2 J1
ABCMotor Co
Anaerobic
aerobic
strength
weight
12
10
8
6
4
2
cm
On snow: Training: basic skill development, Christmas and spring camp +12 weekends, 2 days/week, introduction to gate training, 90% technical event training (GS, SL), FUN!
Races: 2 events (team oriented, skill tested), local and zone
Off snow:
Cross training, year round multi-sport participation, dryland 2/week, simple core and stabilizer muscle strength training, flexibility, FUN!
Testing: height = 2/year
Don’t forget: nutrition
Equipment: good quality, up to date, designed for growth
CLUBCLUB
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NG K star K1 FIS
J2 SR
Fun. L2T T2T(1) T2C T2W K
2 J1
ABCMotor Co
Anaerobic
aerobic
strength
weight
12
10
8
6
4
2
cm
On snow: Training: skill improvement, 1 summer camp, 1 fall camp, Christmas and spring camp +15 weekends, 3 days/week on snow, 85% technical events (GS, SL), gate training=50%
Racing: 3 events (zone) and 1 peak event (provincially)
Don’t forget: nutrition
Equipment: education of tuning of equipment, specialized skis (1 pair/tech. event), fit to accommodate changes in growth
Off snow:
Cross training, year round multi-sport participation, dryland 3/week in fall, simple strength and plyometric training, core and stabilizer muscle strength training, flexibility, basic aerobic and anaerobic training
Testing: field testing 2/year
Mental: Goal setting (daily), strategies for training
CLUB CLUB B2BB2B
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NG K star K1 FIS
J2 SR
Fun. L2T T2T(2) T2C T2W K
2 J1
ABCMotor Co
Anaerobic
aerobic
strength
weight
12
10
8
6
4
2
cm
On snow: Training: continue skill improvement, 2 summer camp, 2 fall camp, Christmas and spring camp +15 weekends, 4 days/week on snow, 75% technical events (GS, SL), gate training=50%
Racing: 3 minor events (zone) and 1 minor peak event (provincial), 1 major peak (regional)
Don’t forget: nutrition
Equipment: specialized skis (1 pair/tech. Event, 1 speed), fit for performance, more precise knowledge of tuning,
Off snow:
Cross training, specialized dryland – fall and winter, dryland 3-4/week in fall, 1-2 in winter, mainly aerobic training, some anaerobic and anatomical adaptation to weight training, flexibility and core maintenance
Testing: field testing 3/year
Mental: yearly goal setting, start to develop race routines
Education: cooperation of teachers and school
CLUBCLUBB2BB2B
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NG K star K1 FIS
J2 SR
Fun. L2T T2T(3) T2C T2W K
2 J1
ABCMotor Co
Anaerobic
aerobic
strength
weight
12
10
8
6
4
2
cm
On snow: Training: skill improvement, 2 summer camp, 3 fall camp, mid December-April = 4 days/week, 80% technical events (GS, SL), gate training=55%
Racing: 5-6 minor events (regional), 1 major peak (Jr. Nationals), max.=25 races (20 tech, 5 speed)
Nutrition: proper diet to maximize strength and mass
Equipment: specialized skis (2 pair/tech. Event, 2 speed), fit for performance, yearly update
Off snow:
Specialized 10-12 month dryland, focus on building strength, power and alactic systems, maintaining ABC’s, aerobic, flexibility and core
Testing: field testing 3/year, region database
Mental: yearly goal setting, pre-race routines, individualized mental strategies, quarter year evaluations
Education: cooperation of school and teachers, academies, sport schools
CLUBCLUBB2BB2B
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NG K star K1 FIS
J2 SR
Fun. L2T T2T T2C T2W K
2 J1
ABCMotor Co
Anaerobic
aerobic
strength
weight
12
10
8
6
4
2
cm
On snow: Training: skill refinement, 45-50 days before competition, 3-5 days/week in season, 70% technical events (GS, SL), gate training=60%, recovery planning
Racing: 30-35 starts, Multi peaks (regional, national, continental)
Proper scheduling of qualifying events
Equipment: testing, sponsorships, understanding own needs, communication with reps, What is needed!!
Off snow:
Specialized 12 month individualized dryland, balancing all aspects of physical training, maximizing size and power,
Testing: field testing 3/year, 2 lab tests, national database
Education: balanced accordingly or completed, coaching certifications
Mental: self awareness, self directed, monthly evaluations
Provincial Provincial DevelopmeDevelopme
ntnt
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NG K star K1 FIS
J2 SR
Fun. L2T T2T T2C T2W K
2 J1
ABCMotor Co
Anaerobic
aerobic
strength
weight
12
10
8
6
4
2
cm
On snow: Training: skill precision, 55-60 days before competition period, 3-5 days/week in season, Event specialization (speed vs. tech events), gate training=60%, recovery planning
Racing: variable as per athlete’s needs, proper management and scheduling of events
Equipment: sponsorships and financial incentives, service and support staff, state-of-art equipment for evaluations
Off snow:
Multi year plan to peak for important events
Testing: field testing 4/year, 3 lab tests, international database
Mental: multi year plan to peak for important events, monthly to weekly evaluations
NationalNational
NG K star K1 FIS
J2 SR
Fun. L2T T2T T2C T2W K
2 J1
Resources
Costs
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Numbers of participants
Program factors that influence athlete development
Coaching ExpertiseCoaching Expertise
NG K star K1 FIS
J2 SR
Fun. L2T T2T T2C T2W K
2 J1
Resources
Costs
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Numbers of participants
(New T2T) Programs factors that influence athlete development
Coaching ExpertiseCoaching Expertise
NG K star K1 FIS
J2 SR
Fun. L2T T2T T2C T2W K
2 J1
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Days away from school
Retention factors that influence athlete development
Importance of Importance of recruitmentrecruitment
Importance of Importance of identificationidentificationImportance of selectionImportance of selection
NG K star K1 FIS
J2 SR
Fun. L2T T2T T2C T2W K
2 J1
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Days away from school
New (T2T) Retention factors that influence athlete development
Importance of Importance of recruitmentrecruitment
Importance of Importance of identificationidentificationImportance of selectionImportance of selection
Talent Identification…Talent Identification…
• System that allows growth and maturation
Target the elite in each “pool population”; not athletes detected early in their career
Measures more than results but also psychological, and social variables
• Allow coaches input to count
……and Selectionand Selection
• Allow the identified to have time to prepare for the next level
• Various criteria (past results, skills, psychological, physical, attitude, ?financial?
• An objective ranking system that makes it harder for the first years to make BC Team and with focus more on 2nd years + (or even 3rd years +)
NG K star K1 FIS
J2 SR
Fun. L2T T2T T2C T2W K
2 J1
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Physiological/Psychological factors that influence athlete development
Importance of geneticsImportance of genetics
stressstressidentity intimacy generativity
““CrossroadsCrossroads”
NG K star K1 FIS
J2 SR
Fun. L2T T2T T2C T2W K
2 J1
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(New T2T) Physiological/Psychological factors that influence athlete development
Importance of geneticsImportance of genetics
stressstressidentity intimacy generativity
““CrossroadsCrossroads”
NG K star K1 FIS
J2 SR
Fun. L2T T2T T2C T2W K
2 J1
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System factors that influence athlete development
clubClubB2B
Club
FIS B2B
National
currentcurrent
provincial
NG K star K1 FIS
J2 SR
Fun. L2T T2T T2C T2W K
2 J1
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(New T2T) System factors that influence athlete development
clubClubB2B
Club
FIS B2B
National
Development
proposeproposedd
Provincial
Summary of changes to current systemSummary of changes to current system
• Use PHV as a tool to determine timeline for optimizing Aerobic, Strength and Weight gains
• Consider the athlete in the T2T phase until PHV curve is low (end of growth spurt)
- athlete must be fully trained for training before moving to T2C (body fully developed)
- late developing athletes may have to move to T2C phase before PHV curve is low
- early developing athletes may spend little time in their FIS years before going to T2C phase
• Improve coaching expertise at T2T phase to encourage proper development of athletes based on their biological age.
• Identify athletes based on their growth and maturation and then select athletes to provincial and national teams
• Improve education system to accommodate athletic pursuits
• Change current system to accommodate late maturing athletes
Current: club club/B2B provincial nationalages: 6-10 11-17 15-20 18+levels NG/KS K1/K2/FIS (yr1-3) FIS (yr2-5) FIS (3+)
Proposed: club club/B2B B2B develop provincial nationalages 6-10 11-15 16-18 17-19 17-21 19+
NG/KS K1/K2/ FIS (y r2-4) FIS (yr 3-5) FIS (yr3-7) FIS (yr 5+)FIS (yr1)
Factors influenced by varying growth and maturation timelinesFactors influenced by varying growth and maturation timelines
Timeline for training Aerobic, Strength and WeightTimeline for training Aerobic, Strength and Weight
Optimizing genetic potentialOptimizing genetic potential
Optimizing combination of skill and body maturationOptimizing combination of skill and body maturation
Maturity in psychological aspectsMaturity in psychological aspects
Motivation to continue ski racingMotivation to continue ski racing
Skill Acquisition Skill Acquisition
OpportunitiesOpportunities
Timeline for identification and selectionTimeline for identification and selection
J. Bloom – Talent Identification and Profiling, “..many coaches have observed that J. Bloom – Talent Identification and Profiling, “..many coaches have observed that early maturers…neglect their skill development…[late maturers] develop their skills early maturers…neglect their skill development…[late maturers] develop their skills earlier to perform well…when fully developed… their physical capacity level is just earlier to perform well…when fully developed… their physical capacity level is just as high, but their skills are better.”as high, but their skills are better.”